CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONThis application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 15/964,053, filed on Apr. 26, 2018, pending, and entitled “RECYCLABLE BUILIDNG BLOCK AND BUILDING SYSTEM USED FOR CONSTRUCTING BUILDING”, which is a continuation-in-part of International Application No. PCT/CN2017/000151, filed Feb. 10, 2017 designating the United States and claiming priority with respect to Chinese Patent Application No. 201610098785.X, filed Feb. 17, 2016, entitled “ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY BUILDING KIT”, the the disclosures of both foregoing applications being incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELDThe present disclosure relates to building material, and more particularly to a recyclable building system used for constructing a building.
BACKGROUND ARTGenerally, a solid waste involved in the present disclosure includes: industrial solid wastes, domestic wastes, construction wastes, urban sludge, and crop straw wastes. The industrial wastes include, but not limited to, a waste slag, a slag and corner wastes of industrial products. The domestic wastes include, but not limited to, waste papers, waste furniture, used plastic, packaging materials and surplus deteriorating foods, which are produced in daily life. The construction wastes include, but not limited to, cement blocks, bricks and decoration materials produced while old buildings are demolished. The urban sludge includes, but not limited to, sludge produced by sewage treatment, sludge excavated in urban underground projects, and sludge deposited in urban sewage all year round. The crop straw wastes include, but not limited to, rice straw, wheat straw, corn stalk, sorghum stalk, cotton straw, peanut straw, sesame straw, and rape straw. At present, there are many methods to deal with these various types of wastes. However, with the continuous development of the society, the various types of wastes have not been handled well and become increasingly serious social problems and continue to cause harm to the human living environment.
At the same time, various methods for constructing walls are using cement mortar to block bricks into walls, or after the frame structure is built, the wall plates are fixed to the frame structure. These methods must be implemented by professional staff using professional tools and equipment. And the built walls are all base blank walls without any decoration. After the wall is built, if it needs to be renovated and decorated, the building material used for building the wall cannot be used repeatedly for construction and demolition. As a result, a large amount of building materials is wasted, and the disassembled construction waste cannot be decomposed and become new solid wastes, causing environmental pollution.
Therefore, a new recyclable building system needs to be provided.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe above and/or additional objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, will be further elucidated by the following illustrative and non-limiting detailed description of embodiment of the present disclosure, with reference to the appended drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates an upper isometric view of a building block of a building system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the building block is designed as a normal block.
FIG. 2 illustrates a lower isometric view of the building block shown inFIG. 1.
FIG. 3-4 illustrate isometric views of another building block of the building system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as a corner block.
FIG. 5-6 illustrate isometric views of the other building block of the building system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as a connection block.
FIG. 7a-7billustrate isometric views of a building block of the building system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as the normal block.
FIG. 8a-8billustrate isometric views of another building block of the building system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as the corner block.
FIG. 9a-9billustrate isometric views of the other building block of the building system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as the corner block.
FIG. 10 illustrates isometric view of a building block of the building system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as the normal block.
FIG. 11 illustrates isometric view of another building block of the building system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as the corner block.
FIG. 12 illustrates isometric view of the other building block of the building system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein such building block is designed as the connection block.
FIG. 13 illustrates dimensional relationships between the normal block, the corner block and the connection block of the building system according to the first embodiment of the preset disclosure.
FIG. 14 shows the building blocks of the building system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure interlocking with each other.
FIG. 15 further shows two building blocks of the building system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure interlocking with each other, and a horizontal through hole thus formed therebetween.
FIG. 16 illustrates a perspective view of a building constructed using the building system.
FIG. 17 shows a plurality of reinforcing elements inserted into the building wall while a plurality of similar building blocks interlocking with each other to form such building wall.
FIG. 18 is a flow chart for producing the building block of the present disclosure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTSThe present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the attached drawings and the embodiments. The description in more detail aims to help to understand the present invention, instead of limiting the present invention. According to the contents disclosed by the present invention, those skilled in the art shall understand that the present invention can be implemented even without some or all of these specific details. Under other circumstances, to avoid weakening the inventiveness of the present invention, the well-known methods, structures and the like will not be described in detail.
Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not intended to be limiting. For purposes of this description, the terms “vertical” and “horizontal” are merely illustrative of relative space positions of the various components in the drawings. In actual practice, it is apparent that the components can be aligned in either orientation. Moreover, the terms “upper”, “lower”, “upward”, “outward”, “inward”, “inner” and “outer” designate directions in the drawing to which reference is made. Such terminology includes the terms above specifically mentioned and words of similar import.
As shown inFIG. 1 throughFIG. 7, as well asFIGS. 15-17, abuilding system1 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure is used for constructing a building900. Thebuilding system1 including a plurality of building blocks is mounted on a flat foundation901 to construct the building900. Thebuilding system1 includes anormal block11 used at a normal position904 while constructing the building900, acorner block12 used at a corner position903 while constructing the building900, and aconnection block13 used to fill the gaps902 created while constructing the building900, such as one or two points of a termination. Thenormal block11,corner block12 and theconnection block13 may interlock with each other to construct the building900.
Thenormal block11 is substantially cuboidal-shaped block structure for constructing the building900. Thenormal block11 includes aninner face110, anouter face111 opposite to theinner face110, anupper face112, alower face113 opposite to theupper face112, afirst end114 and asecond end115 opposite to thefirst end114. Theinner face110 andouter face111 are substantially planar faces. Theouter face111 andinner face110 may be a smooth face or a patterned face. At least one of theouter face111 and theinner face110 may be decorated as desired. Alternatively, thebuilding block11 may include a decorative face attached to at least one of theinner face110 and theouter face111. The decorative face can be decorated with multiple colors or colored patterns by means of printing, molding, filming, engraving, pasting or hand-painting. The pattern may be flat or three-dimensional wood grain, stone grain, brick grain, skin grain. The pattern may be people, photos, geometry, logo and so on. Alternatively, the decorative face may be integrally formed with at least one of the outer face and inner face.
Theupper face112 has abase face1121 and aprojection1122 protruding upwards from thebase face1121. Theprojection1122 is disposed at a center of theupper face112 and extending longitudinally for the entire length of theupper face112. Theprojection1122 is generally trapezoidal shaped in cross sectional configuration. Specifically, theprojection1122 has a pair of guiding faces1122aopposite to each other and atop face1122bconnected between the guiding faces1122a. Each of the guiding faces1122aextends inclined from thebase face1121 for preventing water from flowing into the building block, i.e. the guiding face1122aof theprojection1122 is connected with thebase face1121 of theupper face112 at an angle β. The angle β may be greater than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees. With the configuration of the guiding face1122a, the blocks stacked upon each other can be well positioned and guided to interlock with each other.
Thelower face113 is substantially complementary to theupper face112. Specifically, thelower face113 has acomplementary groove1131 for receiving theprojection1122 of a cooperating block when the blocks stacked upon each other to form an interlocking bond, wherein the cooperating block is similar to thenormal block11. In the present disclosure, a depth d of thegroove1131 is greater than a height h of theprojection1122 in a vertical direction Z so that a horizontal throughhole14 is formed by theprojection1122 of onenormal block11 mating with thegroove1131 of the cooperating block when the blocks stacked upon each other, wherein the cooperating block is identical or similar to thenormal block11. The horizontal throughhole14 may be used for receiving electrical wires, pipes or other utility.
Thenormal block11 further includes a plurality of first throughholes101 disposed in theprojection1122 and extending from thetop face1122bof theprojection1122 to thelower face113 of thebuilding block11. The plurality of first throughholes101 are arranged spaced-apart with each other at an equal interval. The first throughhole101 may be cuboidal shaped, cylindrical-shaped, and the like. The design of a plurality of first throughholes101 facilitates in the formation of a first vertical channel, when a plurality of blocks, similar tonormal block11, are stacked upon each other.
Thenormal block11 further includes a plurality of third throughholes102 disposed in theprojection1122 and extending from thetop face1122bof theprojection1122 to thelower face113 of thebuilding block11 for receiving electrical wires, pipes or other utility. The plurality of third throughholes102 are arranged spaced-apart with each other at an equal interval. Each third throughhole102 is located between two adjacent first throughholes101. The third throughhole102 may be cuboidal shaped, cylindrical-shaped, and the like. A diameter of the third throughhole102 is smaller than that of the first throughhole101. Alternatively, the diameter of the third throughhole102 may be equal to the first throughhole101.
Thefirst end114 has a tongue1141 formed at a center thereof. The tongue1141 protrudes outward at thefirst end114 of thenormal block11, i.e. protrudes in a direction away from thesecond end115. The tongue1141 extends longitudinally for the entire length of thefirst end114. The entire length of thefirst end114 is a length of thenormal block11 in a vertical direction Z. Thesecond end115 has aconcave portion1151 formed at a center thereof. Theconcave portion1151 protrudes inward at thesecond end115, i.e. protrudes in a direction toward thefirst end114. Theconcave portion1151 extends longitudinally for the entire length of thesecond end115. The entire length of thefirst end115 is the length of thenormal block11 in the vertical direction Z. The configuration of the tongue1141 and theconcave portion1151 is produced such that the tongue of one normal block can interlock with the concave portion of a cooperating block, wherein the cooperating block is identical or similar to thenormal block11.
Thecorner block12 has a generally L-shaped outline when viewed from above inFIG. 4. Thecorner block12 includes aninner face120, anouter face121 opposite to theinner face120, anupper face122, alower face123 opposite to theupper face122, afirst end124 and asecond end125. Thefirst end124 is at right angles to thesecond end125. The structure of thecorner block12 is substantially similar to that of thenormal block11. Theupper face122 also has thebase face1121 and theprojection1122 extending for the entire length of theupper face122 of thecorner block12. Thelower face123 also has thegroove1131. Thecorner block12 also has the first throughholes101 and the third throughholes102 formed in theprojection1122 and extending from thetop face1122bof theprojection1122 to thelower face123 of thecorner block12.
Thefirst end124 and thesecond end125 both have theconcave portions1151, i.e. theconcave portions1151 protrudes inward at the first and second ends124,125, respectively. When anormal block11 and acorner block12 are mated adjacent to each other, the interlocking bond is formed. Precisely, when the tongue1141 of thenormal block11 is mated with theconcave portion1151 of thecorner block12, the interlocking bond is formed due to the complementary nature of the structure between the tongue and theconcave portion1151.
Thecorner block12 further includes an avoidingspace129 formed at the corner thereof. The avoidingspace129 includes one or tworecesses1291 formed by means of removing theprojection1122 at the corner. Thecorner block12 further includes a protrudingportion128 disposed in a center of the avoidingspace129 and protruding upwards from thebase face1121 of theupper face112 of thecorner block12. The avoidingspace129 is configured for receiving thelower face123 of cooperatingcorner block12 when the corner blocks12 stacked upon each other, wherein thecooperation corner block12 is identical to thecorner block12. A second throughholes1281 is formed in the protrudingportion128 and extending from the protrudingportion128 to thelower face123 of thecorner block12.
As shown inFIG. 6-7, theconnection block13 has one first throughhole101, however, thenormal block11 has two first throughholes101. Theconnection block13 also has aninner face130, anouter face131 opposite to theinner face130, anupper face132, alower face133 opposite to theupper face132, afirst end134 and asecond end135 opposite to thefirst end134. Theupper face132 also has thebase face1121 and theprojection1122. Thelower face123 also has thegroove1131. Theconnection block13 also has the first throughholes101 and the third throughholes102 formed in theprojection1122 and extending from thetop face1122bto thelower face133 of theconnection block13.
Thefirst end134 is aplanar face1341, and thesecond end135 is theconcave portion1151, i.e. theconcave portion1151 protrudes inward at thesecond end135. When anormal block11 and aconnection block13 are mated adjacent to each other, the interlocking bond is formed. Precisely, when the tongue1141 of thenormal block11 is mated with theconcave portion1151 of theconnection block13, the interlocking bond is formed due to the complementary nature of the structure between the tongue and the concave portion. The one or more connection blocks13 are used to fill small uneven gaps created at the one or more points of termination while constructing the building900.
Thebuilding system1 further includes a reinforcingelement15 inserted into the first vertical channel formed by the first throughholes101 aligned with each other while a plurality of similar blocks stacked upon each other so that a more secure interlocking interconnection is exhibited. The reinforcingelement15 may be tubular-shaped, and made by hollow metal, plastic or composite material. With such configuration, the reinforcingelement15 may be used as a water supply pipe, a gas supply pipe, a power cable pipe, a communication cable pipe, and so on. The reinforcingelement15 may be shaped to match the first throughhole101, such as a reinforcing rod, which has a diameter smaller than that of the first throughhole101 by 1-2 mm. The reinforcingelement15 is detachable inserted into the vertical channel and can be removed when demolishing the building900. Thus, the blocks can also be removed with no damage from the building and can be historically reused repeatedly as a new product. As shown inFIG. 17, a plurality of reinforcing elements is used for constructing the building wall. When the building wall is too high, at least two reinforcingelements15 need to be connected together to be filled into the vertical channel. Aconnector151 is used for connecting between at least two reinforcingelements15, furtherly, theconnector151 is detachably connected between the reinforcingelements15 so that the reinforcingelements15 can be detachable while demolishing such building. Theconnector151 in different vertical channel are not aligned with each other and are staggered with each other to make the building more firmly.
Preferably, a waterproof glue, a fastening glue, a structural glue, a cement or other adhesive may be applied between each of the interlocking blocks11,12,13 to enhance the strength of the wall of the building.
Thebuilding system1 further includes a plurality of sealinggaskets16, each of the sealinggaskets16 is sandwiched between two interlocking blocks, each of the two blocks may be at least one of thecorner block12,normal block11 and theconnection block13. When the block is stacked upon the cooperating block for constructing the building wall, the sealinggasket16 is sandwiched between the blocks. The sealinggasket16 is disposed on thebase face1121 of theupper face112,122, or132 of the block and pressed by thelower face113,123 or133 of the block. With such configuration, the building wall may be waterproof, soundproof, and insulative.
Alternatively, referring toFIGS. 8a-10b, according to a second embodiment of present disclosure, the differences between the first embodiment and the second embodiment are that the second through holes are omitted and a plurality of filling holes are formed in thenormal block21,corner block22 andconnection block23. Specifically, thenormal block21 further includes at least one fillinghole210 disposed at the side of theprojection1122 and extending from thebase face1121 of theupper face112 to thelower face213 of thenormal block21 for accommodating insulatingmaterial211. The fillinghole210 may be cuboidal shaped. Thenormal block21 may include a plurality of fillingholes210 spaced apart each other at an equal interval and located at both sides of theprojection1122. When the first throughhole101 is cuboidal shaped, the length of the fillinghole210 in the horizontal direction is greater than that of the first throughhole101.
Similarly, thecorner block22 also has the fillingholes210 disposed at the side of theprojection1122 and extending from thebase face1121 of theupper face222 to thelower face223 of thecorner block22 for accommodating insulatingmaterial211. Thecorner block22 may include a plurality of fillingholes210 spaced apart each other at an equal interval and located at both sides of theprojection1122. When the first throughhole101 is cuboidal shaped, the length of the fillinghole210 in the horizontal direction is greater than that of the first throughhole101.
Similarly, theconnection block23 also has the fillingholes210 disposed at the side of theprojection1122 and extending from thebase face1121 of theupper face232 to thelower face233 of theconnection block23 for accommodating insulatingmaterial211. Theconnection block23 may include a plurality of fillingholes210 spaced apart each other at an equal interval and located at both sides of theprojection1122. When the first throughhole101 is cuboidal shaped, the length of the fillinghole210 in the horizontal direction is greater than that of the first throughhole101.
Alternatively, as shown inFIGS. 11-13, according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, the difference between the first embodiment and the third embodiment is that the second through hole may be disposed at a different position. The plurality of third throughholes102 may be disposed at the side of theprojection1122 and extending from thebase face1121 of theupper face312 to the lower face313 of thenormal block31. The plurality of third throughholes102 can be divided into two groups disposed at both sides of theprojection1122, respectively. Each group has at least three adjacent third throughholes102.
Similarly, thecorner block32 also has the plurality of third throughholes102 disposed at the side of theprojection1122 and extending from thebase face1121 of theupper face322 to the lower face of thecorner block32. The plurality of third throughholes102 can be divided into two groups disposed at both sides of theprojection1122, respectively. Each group has at least three adjacent third throughholes102.
Similarly, theconnection block33 also has the plurality of third throughholes102 disposed at the side of theprojection1122 and extending from thebase face1121 of theupper face332 to thelower face113 of theconnection block33. The plurality of third throughholes102 can be divided into two groups disposed at both sides of theprojection1122, respectively. Each group has at least three adjacent third throughholes102.
According to various embodiments of the present invention, when a first block and a second block similar to thenormal block11 are mated adjacent to each other, the interlocking bond is formed. Precisely, when the tongue of the normal block is mated with the concave portion of the second block, the interlocking bond is formed due to the complementary nature of the structure between the tongue and the concave portion. When the first block is stacked upon a second block, each of the first block and second block is at least one of the normal block, corner block and connection block, an interlocking bond is formed by means of theprojection1122 interlocking with thegroove1131. Interlocking the plurality of blocks forms a network of horizontal and vertical channels with the first throughholes101 of the blocks aligned with each other in the vertical direction Z, and the horizontal throughholes14 of the blocks aligned with each other in the horizontal direction X,Y.
FIG. 14 shows the dimensional relation between thenormal block11, thecorner block12, and theconnection block13. A width of thenormal block11 is denoted by W, and a length of thenormal block11 is denoted by L. An outer length of thecorner block12 is denoted by Lco, the dimension Lco is obtained by adding the length L of thenormal block11 to the width W of thenormal block11, i.e. Lco=L+W. An inner length of thecorner block12 is denoted by Lci, the dimension Lci is equal to the length L of thenormal block11, i.e. Lci=L. An outer width of thecorner block12 is denoted by Wco, the dimension Wco is obtained by half of the length L of thenormal block11 adding to the width W of the normal block, i.e. Wco=½L+W; An inner width of thecorner block12 is denoted by Wci, the dimension Wci is equal to half of the length L of thenormal block11, i.e. Wci=½L. A thickness of thecorner block12 is denoted by Tc, the dimension Tc is equal to the width W of thenormal block11, i.e. Tc=W. A length of theconnection block13 is denoted by Lcb, the dimension Lcb is equal to half of the length L of thenormal block11, i.e. Lcb=½L; A width of theconnection block13 is denoted by Wcb, the dimension Wcb is equal to the width W of the normal block, i.e. Wcb=W. It should be understood that the dimension L and W of thenormal block11 can be varied depending on the actual requirement of users. For instance, the dimension L may be 500 mm, and the dimension W may be 150 mm, thus, the dimension Lcb is 250 mm, and the dimension Wcb is 150 mm; the dimension Lco is 650 mm, the dimension Wco is 400 mm, the dimension Lci is 500 mm, and the dimension Wci is 250 mm. According to actual verification, this dimensional relation between the normal block, the corner block and the connection block can guarantee that each building block can be perfectly construct a building without any need to cut them. It should be understood that a dimension allowance is existed while assembling the blocks for constructing the building, the value of the dimension allowance may be ranged from −30 mm to +30 mm, which is varied depending on the size of the gap between two adjacent blocks.
FIG. 17 illustrates the building wall constructed using thenormal block11, theconnection block13 and a plurality of reinforcingelements15. When the building wall is constructed, at the first layer, a plurality ofnormal blocks11 are arranged horizontally side by side, and interlocking bonds are formed with the tongue interlocking with the concave portion of the normal blocks11. At the second layer, thenormal blocks11 may be offset by half of the length L of thenormal block11 relative to them at the first layer, and connection blocks13 are filled to the termination ends. The connection blocks13 andnormal blocks11 are mated adjacent to each other, interlocking bonds are formed with the tongue mating with the concave portion. Interlocking bonds formed between theblocks11,13 at the first layer and the second layer are formed with theprojections1122 of theblocks11 at first layer mating with thegrooves1131 of theblocks11,13 at the second layer. Thus, the third layer can be constructed the same as that at the first layer, and the fourth layer can be constructed the same as that at the second layer. With such configuration, the building blocks can be interengaged securely, which can resist an impact of strong objects and have good anti-seismic effect. The first throughholes101 at the first layer, the second layer and the third layer are aligned with each other to form a plurality of vertical channels for receiving the reinforcingelements15.
Referring toFIG. 18, a method for producing the building block according to present disclosure is disclosed. The method is described as following: a solid waste J including, but not limited to, industrial solid wastes, domestic wastes, construction wastes, urban sludge, and crop straw wastes, are recovered. Then, putting the recovered solid wastes J into a crushing center A to be pulverized into particles of about 5 mm. A high-water waste K (such as domestic garbage, municipal sludge, etc) is sent to a high-temperature dehydration and elimination center B for high-temperature dehydration, sterilization, and deodorization. A large amount of high-temperature steam I thus obtained would be transported to the high-temperature steam kiln C. Then, the pulverized solid waste L and the dehydrated waste are fed into a stirring center D together with a curing agent, a water repellent, a modifier, a flame retardant, and a binder in a certain ratio, and are thoroughly stirred and mixed. The mixed and stirred materials are sent to the product forming center E to make a building block billet. The billet is fed into the high temperature steam kiln C for high-temperature steaming, and the distilled water H thus produced is sent to the stirring center D for mixing and stirring. After high-temperature steaming, the billet is sent to a facing machining center F to be decorated according to the user's actual requirement and thus, a desired building block is produced. If necessary, the billet will be sealed with composite materials to ensure the physical and chemical properties of the billet stable for a long time. Finally, the building block is sent to the user after being sent to the palletizing packaging center G. However, in the palletizing packaging center G, the product with defect is sent to the product forming center E for repair, and the scrap is sent to the crushing center A for crushing and reused. There is no waste water, waste gas, and waste residue produced throughout the entire manufacturing process.
In the foregoing specification, specific embodiments of the invention have been described. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims below. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The invention is defined solely by the appended claims including any amendments made during the pendency of this application and all equivalents of those claims as issued.