US20200097689A1 - Emulated radio frequency identification - Google Patents

Abstract

A mobile communication device is equipped with hardware and/or software components to enable the device to output a data in a form of a radio frequency signal, emulating outputting of the data by either an active or a passive RFID transponder. The data may be a security key or an identifier. Emulation of an active RFID transponder includes facilitating selection of the data and instruction to output by a user. Emulation of a passive RFID transponder includes detecting for proximal presence of a RFID reader. Either case, provision of the data to the mobile communication device may include provision of associated signal attribute(s).

Description

RELATED APPLICATION
• This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/097,152, filed Dec. 4, 2013, and entitled “Emulated Radio Frequency Identification”, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/750,970, filed Jan. 25, 2013, and entitled “Emulated Radio Frequency Identification,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/363,202, filed Jan. 31, 2012, and entitled “Emulated Radio Frequency Identification,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/560,262, filed Dec. 9, 2005, and entitled “Emulated Radio Frequency Identification,” which was the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US04/18397, filed Jun. 10, 2004, and entitled “Emulated Radio Frequency Identification,” which itself claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/478,245, entitled “Radio Frequency Identification Using Mobile Communication Device,” filed Jun. 13, 2003.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention relates to the fields of security, communication, and data processing. More specifically, the present invention is related to an emulated radio frequency data input method.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• It wasn't that long ago, even residents in medium size cities still feel secured enough to leave their homes unlocked and/or their garages open. In general, one can access one's place of employment, including parking facilities as well as one's office without identification or access keys.
• In the world of commerce, things were also simpler. One typically may shop and consume goods and services, at relatively low prices, without having to be affiliated with any programs or entities.
• However, the world has become a lot more complex in recent years. Virtually, all properties of any value, premises, including one's home, have to be secured, even for relatively small towns and cities. One can hardly shop and consume any goods and services, without having signed up with some promotional frequent “usage” programs or becoming affiliated with the commercial entities. The employment of affinity marketing has reached a point even neighboring grocery chains employ them, and not just airlines, hotels, or wholesale discount retailers.
• As a result, it is not uncommon to find a person having to carry a number of physical keys and access/identification cards/tags to gain access to secured premises, such as one's home, office, parking garage, and so forth. Additionally, the person is likely to carry a number of remote security control devices, such as a key with remote control for gaining access to his/her vehicle, a garage door opener for gaining access to the person's garage at home, and so forth. The person is also likely to carry a number of affinity identification cards with member identifiers identifying the person as being affiliated with certain co-op or frequent patronage programs, such as wholesale discount retailers, airline or hotel frequent traveler program, and so forth, that entitle the person to certain benefits, such as discounts or rewards.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The present invention will be described by way of exemplary embodiments, but not limitations, illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which like references denote similar elements, and in which:
• FIG. 1 illustrates an overview of the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment;
• FIG. 2 illustrates a method view of the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment;
• FIG. 3 illustrates the relevant hardware elements of the device ofFIG. 1 in further details, in accordance with one embodiment;
• FIG. 4 illustrates the transceiver ofFIG. 3 in further details, in accordance with another embodiment;
• FIGS. 5a-5billustrate the exploded views of two embodiments of the mobile communication device ofFIG. 1;
• FIGS. 5c-5dillustrate an exploded view of another embodiment of the mobile communication device ofFIG. 1;
• FIG. 6a-6hillustrate a number of example screens of an end user interface, suitable for use to practice the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment; and
• FIG. 7 illustrates the operational flow of the relevant aspects of the software in support of the RFID feature of the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
• Embodiments of the present invention includes an emulated RFID method, more specifically, an emulated RFID method, using a mobile communication device, including the device itself, and certain hardware and/or software embodied therein for the practice of the emulated RFID method.
• In the following description, various aspects of the illustrative embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, alternate embodiments may be practiced with only some or all aspects of the illustrative embodiments of the present invention. For purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, alternate embodiments may be practiced without the specific details. In other instances, well-known features are omitted or simplified in order not to obscure the essence of the illustrative embodiments of the present invention.
Terminology
• Parts of the description will be presented in data processing terms, such as data, selection, retrieval, generation, and so forth, consistent with the manner commonly employed by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. As well understood by those skilled in the art, these quantities take the form of electrical, magnetic, or optical signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, and otherwise manipulated through electrical and/or optical components of a processor and its subsystems.
• Part of the descriptions will employ various abbreviations, including but are not limited to:

• CDROM	Compact Disc Read Only Memory
  DDRAM	Dynamic Direct Random Access Memory
  DVD	Digital Versatile Disc
  EEPROM	Electrically Eraseable Programmable Read-Only-Memory
  HTTP	HyperText Transmission Protocol
  SDRAM	Static Direct Random Access Memory
  SMS	Small Messaging Service

• The term “number” as used in this application to describe a data, including both its usage in the specification and the claims, typically refers to numeric data, as the word “number” is conventionally used in mathematics. However, in certain contexts, the “number” may also include alphabet or special characters, as the term is conventionally understood by those skilled in the art in those contexts. For examples, a driver's license number, a passport number, an employee number, or a student ID number, as each of these terms is conventionally used, often includes one or more alphabets or special characters, even though they are referred to as “numbers”. The term accordingly is to be given the meaning that is consistent with the context under which the term is used.
Section Headings, Order of Descriptions and Embodiments
• Section headings are merely employed to improve readability, and they are not to be construed to restrict or narrow the present invention.
• Various operations will be described as multiple discrete steps in tum, in a manner that is most helpful in understanding the present invention, however, the order of description should not be construed as to imply that these operations are necessarily order dependent. In particular, these operations need not be performed in the order of presentation.
• The phrase “in one embodiment” is used repeatedly. The phrase generally does not refer to the same embodiment, however, it may. The terms “comprising”, “having” and “including” are synonymous, unless the context dictates otherwise.
Overview
• Refer now toFIG. 1, wherein a block diagram illustrating an overview of thepresent invention100, in accordance with one embodiment, is shown. As illustrated, for the embodiment,mobile communication device102 is equipped with hardware and/or software elements104 to perform its primary function, which is to facilitate a user ofdevice102 to engage in communication with another user of another communication device (not shown). In various embodiments, the communication may be audio (such as phone calls), textual (such as messaging) and/or visual (such as airtexting using light sources). Additionally, for the embodiment,mobile communication device102 is equipped with hardware and/orsoftware elements106 to facilitate provision or transfer of a key/identifier in a form aradio frequency signal110, which may be read e.g. by a radio frequency identifier (RFID)reader120. In turn, the provision ofRFID110 may be responded to by a system (not shown) with whichRFID reader120 is a part or coupled to.
• As depicted inFIG. 1,blocks104 and106 “intersect” with one another. The “intersection” represents the fact that in preferred embodiments of the present invention, substantial portions of the hardware and/or software elements employed to provide a RFID, are the same elements employed to facilitate the primary function ofdevice102, i.e. to facilitate a user in communicating with another user of another communication device.
• In other words, illustrative embodiments of the present invention advantageously leverage on existing elements ofmobile communication device102, and supplement them, to enablemobile communication device102 to be able to provide a RFID, emulating a RFID transponder, as well as facilitating user communication.
• As will be described in more detail below, in preferred embodiments,mobile communication device102 is equipped to provide RFID, emulating an active and/or a passive RFID transponder.
• Further,RFID110 may be any keys and/or identifiers, including but not limited to security keys, such as garage door “keys”, exterior or interior door keys, or identifiers, such as, employee numbers, driver's license numbers, social security numbers, credit card numbers (optionally, including expiration dates), affinity program member identifiers, and so forth.
• Continue to refer toFIG. 1, except for the present invention incorporated therein,mobile communication device102 represents a broad range of mobile communication devices known in the art, including but are not limited to wireless mobile phones and personal digital assistants equipped with communication capability.
• The term “wireless mobile phone” as used herein, including the specification and the claims, refers to the class of telephony devices equipped to facilitate a user in communicating with another user of another communication device, notwithstanding the user's movement around different geographic areas, so long the wireless mobile phone is in contact with a base/service station of a wireless network service provider. The term includes the analog as well as the digital subclasses. Communication may be voice and/or data, audio, textual and/or visual. The other user/communication device may be mobile or land line based.
• RFID reader120 represents a broad range of such devices known in the art or to be designed. Currently,most RFID readers120 employ proprietary formats/protocols. That is,RFID readers120 of different manufacturers tend to employ different frequencies, amplitudes, and/or keying schemes (which may be frequency shifting keying (FSK), amplitude shifting keying (ASK) or phase shifting keying (PSK)).
• Various embodiments of the methods of the present inventions, includingelements106, in particular, added elements, will be described in turn below.
Method
• FIG. 2 illustrates a method view of the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment. As illustrated,device102 is first provided with the RFIDs, block202. The RFIDs may be provided in any one of a number of known or to be designed manners, including but are not limited to
• manual entry, using a keypad ofdevice102,
• read intodevice102, from an access/identification card, using a magnetic or optical card reader ofdevice102,
• downloaded intodevice102, from a coupled computing device, through a serial/parallel port ofdevice102 or through a network interface ofdevice102 using SMS or HTTP messages.
• Typically, provision of a RFID will include the manner the RFID is to be outputted, i.e. signaled. As alluded to earlier, the manner it is to be signaled is dependent on the format/protocol employed by the intendedRFID reader120. For examples, for a garage door key, the format/protocol employed byRFID reader120 of the garage opener system, and for an affinity program member identifier, the format/protocol employed byRFID reader120 of the point-of-sale system of the entity offering the affinity program.
• Alternatively, a default signaling format/protocol, such as an industry standard, the most popular proprietary format/protocol, or a selected proprietary format/protocol may be assumed instead, when one is not provided.
• During operation, in response to a user instruction, typically after the user has selected the RFID to be outputted from a number of RFIDs stored indevice102, block203,device102 outputs the selected RFID as instructed, emulating an active RFID transponder, block204.
• For the embodiment, one RFID, e.g. an access key/identifier (such as an employee number), may also be selected/designated as a default RFID, the output of which may be emulated in a passive manner. That is, the selected/designated default RFID will be outputted automatically, wheneverdevice102 is within the proximal presence, or more specifically, the operational space, of an intendedRFID reader120.
• Accordingly,device102 monitors for probing signals of an intended RFID reader120 (or a type of RFID readers120), to determine whetherdevice102 is within the operational space of such aRFID reader120, block205. On so determining,device102 outputs the designated RFID automatically, emulating a passive RFID transponder, block206.
A Hardware/Software Implementation
• FIG. 3 illustrates the relevant elements ofdevice102, in accordance with one embodiment. As illustrated, for the embodiment,device102 includesprocessor302,memory304,persistent store306,transceiver308, and a number ofother components310, coupled to each other viabus312.
• Persistent store306 andmemory304 are employed to store permanent and working copies of a software implementation of theoperating logic320 ofdevice102, including thesupplemental RFID feature322. In various embodiments,persistent store306 may be an EEPROM (or like kind variants, such as a Flash Memory, a Memory Stick), a magnetic or optical disk drive, a CDROM, a DVD drive and so forth.Memory304 may be any SDRAM, DDRAM or other high speed volatile as way as non-volatile storage devices known in the art.
• Processor302 is employed to executeoperating logic320, includingRFID feature322. As will be readily apparent from the description to follow,operating logic320 may be implemented in any one of a number of suitable system programming languages, including but not limited to high level languages that may be compiled into executable instructions supported byprocessor302.Processor302 may be any one of a number of processors designed or to be designed for mobile devices.
• Except fortransceivers308,RFID feature322 and the manner the various elements ofFIG. 3 are used to practice the present invention, the other illustrated elements are known in the art, and accordingly will not be further described. One embodiment oftransceiver308 will be described referencingFIG. 4, and one embodiment ofRFID feature322 will be described, referencingFIG. 6-7.
• As described earlier,processor302,memory304,persistent store306 andbus312 may be shared elements ofdevice102, also employed to implement the primary communication function ofdevice102. However, in alternate embodiments, dedicated elements may be employed for some or all of these elements instead.
• In one embodiment,device102 is a wireless mobile telephone, an exploded view of which is illustrated inFIG. 5a. Wirelessmobile phone500, in addition to the earlier described elements, also includesdisplay506,control buttons504,keypad502,antenna508,body512 andcover514.Body512 is substantially rectangular in shape. Further,body512 is palm-sized or smaller.
• For the embodiment,cover514 includes embedded electronic components having instructions, data, and/or locations to obtain such instructions and/or data to personalize, customize and/or enhancephone500Phone500 includes complementaryelectronic component interface516 in support of such personalization, customization and/or enhancement.
• Cover514 may form a part ofhousing512, i.e. a required element to completephone500, or it may be an accessory to be adorned byphone500, i.e. not a required element to completephone500.
• In another embodiment,device102 is a PDA, an exploded view of which, is illustrated inFIG. 5b.PDA502, in addition to the earlier described elements, also includesdisplay524,control buttons522,antenna526,body532, and cover534. Body530 is also substantially rectangular in shape, as well as palm-sized or smaller.
• Similarly, for the embodiment,cover534 includes embedded electronic components having instructions, data, and/or locations to obtain such instructions and/or data to personalize, customize and/or enhancePDA520.PDA520 includes complementaryelectronic component interface536 in support of such personalization, customization and/or enhancement.
• Cover534 may form a part ofhousing532, i.e. a required element to completePDA520, or it may be an accessory to be adorned byPDA520, i.e. not a required element to completePDA520.
• FIG. 5c-5dillustrate yet another embodiment ofdevice102, another wireless mobile telephone, an exploded view of which is illustrated. Wirelessmobile phone540 is similarly constituted as the earlier described embodiments, includingbody542 and cover544. However,body542 has a substantially boomerang or banana shape.Body542⋅is also typically palm-sized or smaller.
• For the embodiment, cover544 also includes embedded electronic components having instructions, data, and/or locations to obtain such instructions and/or data to personalize, customize and/or enhancephone540.Phone540 includes complementary electronic component interface (not shown) in support of such personalization, customization and/or enhancement.
• Cover544 may form a part ofhousing542, i.e. a required element to completephone540, or it may be an accessory to be adorned byphone540, i.e. not a required element to completephone540.
• In all or selected one(s) of these embodiments, some or allelements106 in support of the RFID feature of the present invention may be provided through embedded electronic components of the housing/accessory covers.
• Smart covers are the subject matters of subject matter of co-pending U.S. Application, Ser. No. 10/087,098, filed Mar. 1, 2002, entitled “Personalizing Electronic Devices and Smart Covering”, and U.S. Application, Ser. No. 10/428,815, filed May 2, 2003, entitled “Personalization of Mobile Electronic Devices and Smart Accessory Covers”, which specifications are hereby fully incorporated by reference.
• While all three embodiments ofFIG. 5a-5dhave been illustrated with smart covers and external antennas. In alternate embodiments, the present invention may be practiced without smart covers and/or external antennas. The present invention may be practiced with conventional covers, without embedded intelligence and/or internal antennas.
Transceiver
• FIG. 4 illustrates,transceiver308 ofFIG. 3 in further details, in accordance with one embodiment. As illustrated, for the embodiment,transceiver308 includes a joint radio frequency (RF) transmit/receive (TX/RX)section402, separatesignal processing sections408 and410 for a range of higher frequencies and a range of low frequencies,switch404 andsplitter406. The elements are coupled to each other as shown.
• For the embodiment, joint RF TX/RX402 includes in particular,switch420,filters412 and422,low noise amplifier424 andpower amplifier414, coupled to one another as shown.Switch420 is employed to switch between transmitting and receiving RF signals.Filters412 and422,low noise amplifier424 andpower amplifier414 are employed to perform their conventional filtering and amplification functions on the transmit and receive signals.
• For transmission, switch404 switches between the output of highfrequency signal processing410 and the output of lowfrequency signal processing408 to the transmit path of Joint RF TX/RX402.
• For reception,splitter406 splits the output of the receive path of Joint RF TX/RX402 and provides the receive signal to highfrequency signal processing410 as well as lowfrequency signal processing408.
• For the embodiment, highfrequency signal processing410 performs up and down conversions of the transmit and receive signals of the primary communication function ofmobile communication device102, e.g. the transmit and receive signals of a-voice call. In one embodiment, the transmit and receive signals are transmitted and received in the GHz ranges.
• Lowfrequency signal processing408, on the other hand, performs up and down conversions of the transmit and receive signals of the RFID feature, e.g. the output signal of a RFID to emulate either an active or a passive transponder, and the received probing signal of a RFID reader. In one embodiment, the transmit and receive signals are transmitted and received in the MHz ranges.
• Up and down conversions, filtering, amplifications, and so forth, in and of themselves, except for the manner they are being used to provide RFIDs using a mobile communication device, are known in the art, accordingly, will not be further described.
RFID Feature
• FIGS. 6-7 illustrate selected portions of an example end user interface, and the operational flow of the relevant aspects ofRFID feature322 respectively, in accordance with one embodiment.FIG. 6 comprisesFIG. 6a-6h.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6a, for the embodiment, the user interface includesscreen602 having selectable text display “RFID”604, with which a user may interact to launch the RFID function (by selectingtext display604, using e.g. control keys504).
• As illustrated inFIG. 6b, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen612 enumerating a list ofRFIDs614 stored indevice102.List614 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user's selection oftext display604 ofscreen602. A user may select one of the RFIDs, and instructdevice102 to output the selected RFID in a form of an appropriate radio frequency signal, emulating provision of the RFID by an active RFID transponder, using e.g. a “send/call” key ofdevice102.
• Screen612 also includes selectable “option”button616, with which a user may interact to display a list of RFID management options, usinge.g. control keys504.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6c, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen622 enumerating a list ofRFID management options624, such as “add”, “edit” or “delete” RFIDs.List624 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user's selection of “option”616 ofscreen612.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6d, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen632 displayingfield634, through which a user may enter/edit a RFID name.Field634 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user's selection of “add” or “edit” ofscreen622.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6e, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen642 displayingfield644, through which a user may enter/edit a RFID.Field644 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user indicating completion of entry of a RFIDname using screen632.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6f, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen652 displaying a list ofRFID types654, with which a user may select and associate with a⋅RFID.List654 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user indicating completion of entry of a RFID, usingscreen642, thereby allowing the user to associate a RFID reader type with the entered RFID.
• Each RFID reader type is assumed to have a deterministic RFID signaling format/protocol. Accordingly, by selecting the RFID reader type, the user is effectively selecting or specifying the RFID signaling format/protocol. In alternate embodiment, a user may be requested to select the RFID signaling format/protocol explicitly, as opposed to implicitly, in the illustrated embodiment.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6g, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen662 displaying arequest664 to confirm whether a RFID is to be selected or designated as the default RFID to be used for emulation of passive transponders.Request664 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user selecting a RFID reader type, usingscreen652, thereby allowing the user to (implicitly) associate a RFID format/protocol with the entered RFID.
• As illustrated inFIG. 6f, for the embodiment, the user interface further includesscreen672 displaying a RFID and its details, including but not limited the intended RFID reader type, whether to be designated as the default RFID for use in emulating passive RFID. Request674 may be displayed for example, among other situations, in response to a user selecting the “edit” option, usingscreen622, or on completion of designating a RFID as the default RFID for emulating passive transponders, usingscreen662.
• Operationally, as illustrated inFIG. 7, upon receipt of a request to launch the RFID function, support logic of theRFID feature322 is loaded and given execution control, block702. Thereafter,support logic322 waits for user inputs, block704.
• On receipt of a user input/request,support logic322 determines the nature of the input/request, block706, taking into the context, i.e. the portion of the user interface being displayed, and with which the user just interacted in submitting the input/request.
• As illustrated, on determining that the user has requested a current display list to be scrolled (e.g. RFID list614 of screen612),support logic322 causes the list to be scrolled as requested. Thereafter,support logic322 returns to block708 and waits for further input. Similarly, on determining that the user has requested a selected RFID to be sent (emulating output of the RFID by an active RFID transponder),support logic322 causes the RFID to be outputted in a form of an appropriate RF signal (in accordance with the associated intended RFID reader type). Thereafter,support logic322 again returns to block710 and waits for further input.
• On determining that the user has requested a list of options to be displayed (e.g. selection of “option”616 of screen612),support logic322 causes the list of options to be displayed as requested. Thereafter,support logic322 returns to block712 and waits for further input.
• On determining that the user has requested to add a RFID (e.g. selection of “Add” of screen622),support logic322 facilitates addition of a RFID (e.g. successively guiding user entry of a RFID using screens632-662. Thereafter,support logic322 returns to block714 and waits for further input.
• These are a few examples of user inputs/requests supportlogic322 may support. The present invention contemplates other user inputs/requests may also be supported, and handled accordingly, block716.
CONCLUSION AND EPILOGUE
• Thus, it can be seen from the above descriptions, a novel emulated RFID input method, using a mobile communication device, has been described. The present invention advantageously improved the ease of use for a user to provide data captured in a device to another system, especially for data captured in e.g. a mobile device.
• While the present invention has been described in terms of the earlier described embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described. The present invention can be practiced with modification and alteration within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Thus, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive on the present invention.

Claims (1)

What is claimed is:

1. A mobile communication device comprising:

a user interface;

communication circuitry;

processing circuitry; and

a memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the processing circuitry cause the mobile communication device to:

facilitate a user to provide first radio frequency identification (RFID) data associated with a first set of RFID communications protocols and provide second RFID data associated with a second set of RFID communications protocols via the user interface; and

monitor for RFID probing signals from an RFID reader external to the mobile communication device via the communication circuitry;

receive a first radio frequency identification (RFID) probing signal from an RFID reader external to the mobile communication device, amplify the first RFID probing signal via an amplifier to generate a first amplified RFID probing signal, and process the first amplified RFID probing signal via signal processing circuitry to generate a first processed RFID probing signal;

receive a second radio frequency identification (RFID) probing signal from an RFID reader external to the mobile communication device, amplify the second RFID probing signal via an amplifier to generate a second amplified RFID probing signal, and process the second amplified RFID probing signal via signal processing circuitry to generate a second processed RFID probing signal;

if an RFID communications protocol of the first processed RFID probing signal matches at least one of the first set of RFID communications protocols, transmit the first RFID data in one of the first set of RFID communications protocols via the communication circuitry; and

if an RFID communications protocol of the second processed RFID probing signal matches a least one of the second set of RFID communications protocols, transmit the second RFID data in one of the second set of RFID communications protocols via the communication circuitry, wherein the first set of RFID communications protocols is different from the second set of RFID communications protocols.

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