US20170331690A1 - Applying network policies to devices based on their current access network - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods and systems are described for managing device access to a particular network from various access networks. One example method includes receiving a message, associated with a source address, from a device over a particular network. A current access network for the device is determined based at least in part on the source address of the message. Based on this determination, a network policy for the particular network is applied to the device.

Description

BACKGROUND
• This specification generally relates to describes methods and systems for applying network policies to devices based on their current access network.
• In corporate and other networks, user devices may be configured to access a network in different ways. For example, devices may receive configuration information when they log on to a network from a central location, or may be initialized with such configuration information at regular intervals. The configuration information may control the network access behavior of the particular device.
SUMMARY
• In general, one aspect of the subject matter described in this specification may be embodied in systems, and methods performed by data processing apparatuses that include the actions of receiving a message from a device over a network, the message associated with a source address; determining a current access network for the device based at least in part on the source address; and applying a network policy to the device based on the determined current access network.
• Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this specification are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and potential advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example environment for applying network policies to devices based on their current access network.
• FIG. 2 is a message flow diagram of an example interaction between the components of the example network to apply network policies to devices based on their current access network.
• FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an example process of applying network policies to devices based on their current access network.
• FIG. 4 is a diagram of computing devices that may be used to implement the systems and methods described herein.
• Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate like elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• Network-enabled computing devices may be used to access resources on public networks (e.g., the Internet) from different access networks. For example, a user may use the same laptop computer to access the Internet while connected to a public Wi-Fi network at a coffee shop, a local network operated by the user's employer, a local network operated by another company (such as a client of the user's employer), a public network operated by a municipality, or other public or private networks. Each access network may have a different configuration, e.g., different levels of security, different bandwidth characteristics, etc. The access networks may also be operated by different entities (e.g., the employer, the coffee shop owner, etc.), meaning that data sent by computing devices on the network may be subject to monitoring by the entities or other activities that could be problematic for sensitive data sent by computing devices connected to the network. For example, if the network were operated by a competitor of the user's employer, the employer may not want sensitive data (or any data) to be sent unencrypted over the network.
• Accordingly, the present specification describes techniques for applying network policies to devices based on their current access network. One example method includes receiving a message from a device over a network, the message associated with a source address. A current access network of the device is then determined based at least in part on the source address. A network policy is then applied to the device based on the determined current access network. In some cases, the message is received and the current access network determined by a computing device (e.g., a server) at an access network separate from the current access network of the device.
• Implementations according to the present disclosure have several potential advantages. First, network behavior of computing devices may be managed more precisely than with previous techniques. For example, an administrator may configure a network policy so that certain resources (e.g., R&D servers) cannot be accessed from specific networks, such as those operated by competitors, or may require strong encryption (e.g., 64-bit or greater) for such access. Such a configuration may lessen the chance that the competitor will be able to eavesdrop on the communication and gain access to proprietary information. Further, the present techniques may offer greater flexibility than previous techniques, as the network behavior of the computing devices may be changed for specific access networks. The present techniques may also be more reliable than previous techniques, as effectively disguising the source address of the computing devices (e.g., by a malicious entity) in a way that is undetectable to the server applying the network policies may have the effect of disabling the network access of the computing device. For example, such a misconfiguration may be detected by the network infrastructure, which may disallow access to the network. The present techniques may also be more easily implemented than other approaches, as they follow standard network configuration procedures and generally use existing standard protocols.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example environment for applying network policies to devices based on their current access network. As shown, theenvironment100 includesnetworks130,140 connected to public network150 (e.g., the Internet). Thenetworks130,140 are used by connecteddevices132,142,144 to access thepublic network150. Thenetwork management system120 is connected to thepublic network150. In operation, thenetwork management system120 receives messages from thedevices132,142,144 over thepublic network150. Thenetwork management system120 analyzes the received messages to determine which of thenetworks130,140 the messages originated from. In some cases, thenetwork management system120 examines a source address associated with the received message to make this determination. This determination represents the current access network of the device that sent the message. Thenetwork management system120 determines anetwork policy166 to apply to the device sent the message based on this determined access network. In some cases, thenetwork management system120 is located access network separate from the access networks of thedevices132,142,144. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, thenetwork management system120 is not directly connected to thenetwork130 or thenetwork140.
• Thenetworks130,140 may be private or public networks through which thepublic network150 can be accessed by connected devices. For example, thenetwork130 may be a local area network provided by a particular business to which thedevice132 is connected. Thenetwork130 may include a gateway (not shown) connecting thenetwork130 to thepublic network150. Requests for resources on thepublic network150 may traverse this gateway to reach thepublic network150. The gateway may communicate with thepublic network150 on behalf of devices connected to thenetwork130. Accordingly, messages originating from thenetwork130 can be identified by a public network address assigned to the owner or operator of thenetwork130. For example, thecompany operating network130 may be assigned a public IP address range of “1.2.x.x.” In such a case, messages originating from thenetwork130, including those originally sent bydevice132, may have a source address in the range “1.2.x.x.” In some cases, thedevice132 and other devices connected to thenetwork130 may be assigned an internal IP address for use on the network130 (e.g., “192.168.x.x.” In such a case, this internal IP address will not be used outside of thenetwork130. Thenetwork130 may also assign public IP addresses to each device connected to the network130 (e.g., “1.2.x.x”). In such a case, the source address of messages sent by thedevice132 may be this public IP address. Thenetwork130 may be a wired or wireless network utilizing one or more network technologies, including, but not limited to, ETHERNET, WI-FI, CDMA, LTE, IP, HTTP, TCP, UDP, or other technologies.
• Thenetwork140 may be a public or private network operated by a different entity thannetwork130.Network130 andnetwork140 represent different access networks, as will be described in greater detail below. Thepublic network150 is a network connecting multiple disparate resources (e.g., servers, networks, etc.). In some cases, thepublic network150 is the Internet.
• Thenetwork management system120 may be a server or set of servers connected to thepublic network150 and operable to receive messages from thedevices132,142,144. Thenetwork management system120 may also be a software application running in a distributed computing or “cloud” environment. Thenetwork management system120 receives messages (e.g., heartbeat messages, proxy automatic configuration (PAC) script requests) from thedevices132,142,144 and determines the current access network of each device by analyzing the received messages. For example, if thenetwork management system120 receives a message from thedevice132 with a source address of “1.2.3.4,” thenetwork management system120 may consult thedatabase160 to determine if this source address matches anaccess network162. Eachaccess network162 is associated with anaddress range164.Network management system120 may determine that a device is currently at aparticular access network162 if the source address of a message received from the device is within theaddress range164 associated with theparticular access network162. For example, anaccess network162 corresponding to thenetwork130 may be associated with an address range “1.2.x.x.” The message received from thedevice132 with the source address of “1.2.3.4” matches this address range, and thus thenetwork management system120 can conclude that the device is currently at theaccess network162 corresponding to thenetwork130.
• If thenetwork management system120 determines that a devices is at a particular access network, thenetwork management system120 may apply anetwork policy166 associated withparticular access network162. For example, thenetwork management system120 may send a message to thedevice132 to configure it according to thenetwork policy166 associated with itscurrent access network162. In some cases, thenetwork policies166 may include configuration settings to be applied to devices that the associatedaccess network162, including, not limited to, bandwidth limits, access restrictions, encryption requirements, or other settings.
• FIG. 2 is a message flow diagram of anexample interaction200 between the components of the example network to apply network policies to devices based on their current access network. At210, thedevice132 sends a heartbeat message to thenetwork management system120 with source address “1.2.3.4.” In some cases, thedevice132 may send other types of messages to thenetwork management system120, including PAC script requests, web requests, configuration requests, authentication requests, or other messages.
• At215, thenetwork management system120 requests the access network associated with the source address “1.2.3.4” from thedatabase160. At220, thedatabase160 responds with an access network “A.” At225, thenetwork management system120 requests a network policy for access network “A.” At230, thedatabase160 returns a network policy associated with the access network “A.” At235, thenetwork management system120 applies the network policy to thedevice132. In some cases, applying network policy to thedevice132 may include sending messages to components other than the device132 (e.g., routers, gateway, policy engines, etc.).
• At240, thedevice142 sends a heartbeat message to thenetwork management system120 with source address “4.3.2.1.” In some cases, thedevice142 may send other types of messages to thenetwork management system120, including PAC script requests, web requests, configuration requests, authentication requests, or other messages.
• At245, thenetwork management system120 requests the access network associated with the source address “4.3.2.1” from thedatabase160. At250, thedatabase160 responds with an access network “B.” At255, thenetwork management system120 requests a network policy for access network “B.” At260, thedatabase160 returns a network policy associated with the access network “B.” At265, thenetwork management system120 applies the network policy to thedevice142. In some cases, applying network policy to thedevice142 may include sending messages to components other than the device142 (e.g., routers, gateway, policy engines, etc.).
• FIG. 3 is a flow chart of anexample process300 of applying network policies to devices based on their current access network. At305, a message is received from a device over a network. The message is associated with the source address. In some cases, the network over which the message is received from the device is the Internet. The received message may include a heartbeat message, a proxy automatic configuration (PAC) script request, a configuration request, or other messages.
• At310, a current access network of the device is determined based at least in part on the source address. For example, the current access network may be determined by comparing the source address to an address range for a particular access network, as described above.
• At315, a network policies applied to the device based on the determined current access network. In some cases, the message from the device is received by a server at an access network separate from the current access network of the device. Applying the network policy to the device may include assigning a maximum bandwidth usage parameter to the device. In some implementations, applying the network policy to the device includes restricting access to one or more network resources. Applying the network policy to the device may also include permitting access to one or more network resources.
• In some implementations, theprocess300 includes identifying one or more known access networks each identified by a particular source address range, wherein the known access networks includes the current access network, and wherein determining the current access network of the device includes determining that the source address associated with the received message is included in the particular source address range associated with the current access network. In some cases, the particular source address range includes a subnet mask. The current access network may include an owner of a particular network associated with the current access network.
• FIG. 4 is a block diagram ofcomputing devices400,450 that may be used to implement the systems and methods described in this document, as either a client or as a server or plurality of servers.Computing device400 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers.Computing device450 is intended to represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular telephones, smartphones, and other similar computing devices. Additionally computingdevice400 or450 can include Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash drives. The USB flash drives may store operating systems and other applications. The USB flash drives can include input/output components, such as a wireless transmitter or USB connector that may be inserted into a USB port of another computing device. The components shown here, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed in this document.
• Computing device400 includes aprocessor402,memory404, astorage device406, a high-speed interface408 connecting tomemory404 and high-speed expansion ports410, and alow speed interface412 connecting tolow speed bus414 andstorage device406. Each of thecomponents402,404,406,408,410, and412, are interconnected using various busses, and may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other manners as appropriate. Theprocessor402 can process instructions for execution within thecomputing device400, including instructions stored in thememory404 or on thestorage device406 to display graphical information for a GUI on an external input/output device, such asdisplay416 coupled tohigh speed interface408. In other implementations, multiple processors and/or multiple buses may be used, as appropriate, along with multiple memories and types of memory. Also,multiple computing devices400 may be connected, with each device providing portions of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server bank, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system).
• Thememory404 stores information within thecomputing device400. In one implementation, thememory404 is a volatile memory unit or units. In another implementation, thememory404 is a non-volatile memory unit or units. Thememory404 may also be another form of computer-readable medium, such as a magnetic or optical disk.
• Thestorage device406 is capable of providing mass storage for thecomputing device400. In one implementation, thestorage device406 may be or contain a computer-readable medium, such as a floppy disk device, a hard disk device, an optical disk device, or a tape device, a flash memory or other similar solid state memory device, or an array of devices, including devices in a storage area network or other configurations. A computer program product can be tangibly embodied in an information carrier. The computer program product may also contain instructions that, when executed, perform one or more methods, such as those described above. The information carrier is a computer- or machine-readable medium, such as thememory404, thestorage device406, or memory onprocessor402.
• Thehigh speed controller408 manages bandwidth-intensive operations for thecomputing device400, while thelow speed controller412 manages lower bandwidth-intensive operations. Such allocation of functions is exemplary only. In one implementation, the high-speed controller408 is coupled tomemory404, display416 (e.g., through a graphics processor or accelerator), and to high-speed expansion ports410, which may accept various expansion cards (not shown). In the implementation, low-speed controller412 is coupled tostorage device406 and low-speed expansion port414. The low-speed expansion port, which may include various communication ports (e.g., USB, Bluetooth, Ethernet, wireless Ethernet) may be coupled to one or more input/output devices, such as a keyboard, a pointing device, a scanner, or a networking device such as a switch or router, e.g., through a network adapter.
• Thecomputing device400 may be implemented in a number of different forms, as shown in the figure. For example, it may be implemented as astandard server420, or multiple times in a group of such servers. It may also be implemented as part of arack server system424. In addition, it may be implemented in a personal computer such as alaptop computer422. Alternatively, components fromcomputing device400 may be combined with other components in a mobile device (not shown), such asdevice450. Each of such devices may contain one or more ofcomputing device400,450, and an entire system may be made up ofmultiple computing devices400,450 communicating with each other.
• Computing device450 includes aprocessor452,memory464, an input/output device such as adisplay454, acommunication interface466, and atransceiver468, among other components. Thedevice450 may also be provided with a storage device, such as a microdrive or other device, to provide additional storage. Each of thecomponents450,452,464,454,466, and468, are interconnected using various buses, and several of the components may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other manners as appropriate.
• Theprocessor452 can execute instructions within thecomputing device450, including instructions stored in thememory464. The processor may be implemented as a chipset of chips that include separate and multiple analog and digital processors. Additionally, the processor may be implemented using any of a number of architectures. For example, theprocessor452 may be a CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computers) processor, a RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) processor, or an MISC (Minimal Instruction Set Computer) processor. The processor may provide, for example, for coordination of the other components of thedevice450, such as control of user interfaces, applications run bydevice450, and wireless communication bydevice450.
• Processor452 may communicate with a user throughcontrol interface458 anddisplay interface456 coupled to adisplay454. Thedisplay454 may be, for example, a TFT (Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid Crystal Display) display or an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display, or other appropriate display technology. Thedisplay interface456 may comprise appropriate circuitry for driving thedisplay454 to present graphical and other information to a user. Thecontrol interface458 may receive commands from a user and convert them for submission to theprocessor452. In addition, anexternal interface462 may be provided in communication withprocessor452, so as to enable near area communication ofdevice450 with other devices.External interface462 may provide, for example, for wired communication in some implementations, or for wireless communication in other implementations, and multiple interfaces may also be used.
• Thememory464 stores information within thecomputing device450. Thememory464 can be implemented as one or more of a computer-readable medium or media, a volatile memory unit or units, or a non-volatile memory unit or units.Expansion memory474 may also be provided and connected todevice450 through expansion interface472, which may include, for example, a SIMM (Single In Line Memory Module) card interface.Such expansion memory474 may provide extra storage space fordevice450, or may also store applications or other information fordevice450. Specifically,expansion memory474 may include instructions to carry out or supplement the processes described above, and may include secure information also. Thus, for example,expansion memory474 may be provided as a security module fordevice450, and may be programmed with instructions that permit secure use ofdevice450. In addition, secure applications may be provided via the SIMM cards, along with additional information, such as placing identifying information on the SIMM card in a non-hackable manner.
• The memory may include, for example, flash memory and/or NVRAM memory, as discussed below. In one implementation, a computer program product is tangibly embodied in an information carrier. The computer program product contains instructions that, when executed, perform one or more methods, such as those described above. The information carrier is a computer- or machine-readable medium, such as thememory464,expansion memory474, or memory onprocessor452 that may be received, for example, overtransceiver468 orexternal interface462.
• Device450 may communicate wirelessly throughcommunication interface466, which may include digital signal processing circuitry where necessary.Communication interface466 may provide for communications under various modes or protocols, such as GSM voice calls, SMS, EMS, or MMS messaging, CDMA, TDMA, PDC, WCDMA, CDMA2000, or GPRS, among others. Such communication may occur, for example, through radio-frequency transceiver468. In addition, short-range communication may occur, such as using a Bluetooth, WiFi, or other such transceiver (not shown). In addition, GPS (Global Positioning System)receiver module470 may provide additional navigation- and location-related wireless data todevice450, which may be used as appropriate by applications running ondevice450.
• Device450 may also communicate audibly usingaudio codec460, which may receive spoken information from a user and convert it to usable digital information.Audio codec460 may likewise generate audible sound for a user, such as through a speaker, e.g., in a handset ofdevice450. Such sound may include sound from voice telephone calls, may include recorded sound (e.g., voice messages, music files, etc.) and may also include sound generated by applications operating ondevice450.
• Thecomputing device450 may be implemented in a number of different forms, as shown in the figure. For example, it may be implemented as acellular telephone480. It may also be implemented as part of asmartphone482, personal digital assistant, or other similar mobile device.
• Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here can be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, specially designed ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
• These computer programs (also known as programs, software, software applications or code) include machine instructions for a programmable processor, and can be implemented in a high-level procedural and/or object-oriented programming language, and/or in assembly/machine language. As used herein, the terms “machine-readable medium” and “computer-readable medium” refer to any computer program product, apparatus and/or device (e.g., magnetic discs, optical disks, memory, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)) used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor, including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term “machine-readable signal” refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor.
• To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user, as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
• The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front end component (e.g., a client computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (“LAN”), a wide area network (“WAN”), peer-to-peer networks (having ad-hoc or static members), grid computing infrastructures, and the Internet.
• The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
• Although a few implementations have been described in detail above, other modifications are possible. In addition, the logic flows depicted in the figures do not require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Other steps may be provided, or steps may be eliminated, from the described flows, and other components may be added to, or removed from, the described systems. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (20)

1. A computer-implemented method executed by one or more processors for applying network policies to devices based on their current access network, the method comprising:

receiving a message from a device over a particular network, the message associated with a source address;

determining a current access network for the device based at least in part on the source address, wherein the current access network is external to the particular network, and the message received from the device on the particular network is transmitted by the device over the current access network; and

applying a network policy for the particular network to the device based on the determined current access network.

2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the message from the device is received by a server at an access network separate from the current access network of the device.

3. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the network over which the message is received from the device is the Internet.

4. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising identifying one or more known access networks each identified by a particular source address range, wherein the known access networks includes the current access network, and wherein determining the current access network of the device includes determining that the source address associated with the received message is included in the particular source address range associated with the current access network.

5. The method ofclaim 4, wherein the particular source address range includes a subnet mask.

6. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the current access network is associated with a network provider that operates the current access network.

7. The method ofclaim 1, wherein assigning the network policy to the device includes assigning a maximum bandwidth usage parameter to the device.

8. The method ofclaim 1, wherein assigning the network policy to the device includes restricting access to one or more network resources.

9. The method ofclaim 1, wherein assigning the network policy to the device includes permitting access to one or more network resources.

10. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the received message is a heartbeat message.

11. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the received message is a request for a proxy automatic configuration (PAC) script.

12. A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions operable when executed to cause at least one processor to perform operations comprising:

receiving a message from a device over a particular network, the message associated with a source address;

determining a current access network for the device based at least in part on the source address, wherein the current access network is external to the particular network, and the message received from the device on the particular network is transmitted by the device over the current access network; and

applying a network policy for the particular network to the device based on the determined current access network.

13. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 12, wherein the message from the device is received by a server at an access network separate from the current access network of the device.

14. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 12, wherein the network over which the message is received from the device is the Internet.

15. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 12, further comprising identifying one or more known access networks each identified by a particular source address range, wherein the known access networks includes the current access network, and wherein determining the current access network of the device includes determining that the source address associated with the received message is included in the particular source address range associated with the current access network.

16. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 15, wherein the particular source address range includes a subnet mask.

17. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 12, wherein the current access network is associated with a network provider that operates the current access network.

18. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 12, wherein assigning the network policy to the device includes assigning a maximum bandwidth usage parameter to the device.

19. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 12, wherein assigning the network policy to the device includes restricting access to one or more network resources.

20. A system for applying network policies to devices based on their current access network comprising:

memory for storing data; and

one or more processors operable to perform operations comprising:

receiving a message from a device over a particular network, the message associated with a source address;

determining a current access network for the device based at least in part on the source address, wherein the current access network is external to the particular network, and the message received from the device on the particular network is transmitted by the device over the current access network; and

applying a network policy for the particular network to the device based on the determined current access network.

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