US20170055124A1 - Method and system to configure and utilize geographical zones - Google Patents

Abstract

A method to define a geographical zone is disclosed. The geographical zone can be utilized to regulate a movable entity and the actions within the geographical zone. The geographical zone can be defined by allowing a user to define and load to a transponder a plurality of waypoints, each waypoint defined by a geographical coordinate and a radius originating from the geographical coordinate. The geographical zone can also be defined by selecting a plurality of coordinates that are loaded to a transponder and mapped on a pixilated image.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
• This application is a continuation of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 14/579,668, filed Dec. 22, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 11/848,178, which is a division of U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 11/105,931, filed Apr. 13, 2005, and claims the benefit of the prior filing date of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/625,467, filed Nov. 5, 2004, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application is related to U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 11/105,621, filed on Apr. 13, 2005, and U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 11/105,932, filed on Apr. 13, 2005, both of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
• The disclosure relates to configuring and using geographical zones. In particular, it relates to systems and methods to remotely control and monitor movable entities' functions and positioning data in relation to pre-configured geographical zones.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
• Vehicle tracking systems have become increasingly popular and more economically accessible to businesses and individuals. Most tracking locator systems utilize ground positioning system (GPS) technology. GPS vehicle tracking systems have diverse applications such as cargo transportation, public transportation, personal tracking, investigations of enforcement agencies, and others.
• In fleet management, GPS vehicle tracking systems allow increasing fleet efficiency, reducing operating costs such as fuel costs, and supervising the correct operation of deliveries, pick-ups, and routes associated with fleet operation.
• In personal tracking, individuals use GPS vehicle tracking information to obtain the shortest or fastest path to a destination, their current location in relation to another location, etc. Furthermore, personal tracking systems allow users to track vehicles that have been entrusted to another person. Likewise, enforcement agencies may use GPS vehicle tracking systems to locate patrol vehicles as well as to recover stolen vehicles.
• While current GPS vehicle tracking systems provide benefits such as increased productivity and safety, these benefits are yet to be maximized. Current systems are limited to relaying the GPS information to a control center or a web server and plotting the position of the vehicle on a computer map.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
• The present disclosure provides a system and method that allows a user to control and monitor vehicles and other moving entities by using preconfigured geographical zones.
• In one aspect, there is a method to define a geographical zone utilized to regulate a movable entity that has an attached transponder. The method comprises loading from a computing device to a memory in a transponder a plurality of coordinates, mapping the coordinates on a pixilated image so as to assign one pixel to each coordinate of the plurality of coordinates, wherein the distance between each assigned pixel is configurable, connecting the plurality of assigned pixels with lines forming a contiguous and connected line that encloses an area in the pixilated image, and activating the pixels that lie on the lines in order to form a contiguous array of pixels that enclose a shape in the pixilated image. In another aspect, the method to define a geographical zone allows to regulate the entity by monitoring, controlling and visualizing the status of the entity. The status of the entity may be movement, non-movement, and position of the entity. The movable entity being controlled and monitored depending on the location of the movable entity relative to said geographical zone.
• In another aspect, the plurality of coordinates are entered by a user of a computer device and transmitted to the transponder. The user is allowed to enter geographical coordinates by allowing a user to select points in a map in a computer by clicking on the map and calculating the geographical coordinates of each selected point in the map. In another aspect, the user is allowed to enter geographical coordinates by typing on the computer the longitude and latitude. The plurality of geographical coordinates is defined either by the Mercator system or by a latitude and longitude system.
• In yet another aspect, the position of the entity in relation to the geographical zone as described in the method to define a geographical zone is determined by the steps of locating the transponder within the pixilated image by activating a pixel corresponding to the geographical coordinates where the transponder is located, extending two vertical lines in opposite directions and originating from the pixel, extending two horizontal lines in opposite directions and originating from the pixel, determining the number of times each line crosses the boundary of the geographical zone, assigning an outside status to each line that crosses the boundary an even number of times, assigning an inside status to each line that crosses the boundary an odd number of times, and identifying the transponder as being inside the boundary if the status of three out of four lines indicate an inside status.
• In another aspect, the transponder has a ground positioning system receiver that calculates the transponder coordinates, and allows it to identify the location of the entity in the pixilated image as one pixel in the computer image.
• In another aspect, the geographical area is a geometrical shape such as a square, rectangle, triangle, circle, oval, or trapezoid. The shape of the geographical area can also be the shape of a non-geometrical shape such as the shape of the border delimiting a street route, a state, a city, a county, or a country.
• In one aspect, there is a method to define a geographical zone utilized to regulate a movable entity having an attached transponder. The method comprises allowing a user to enter a plurality of waypoints, each waypoint in the plurality of waypoints being defined by a geographical coordinate and a radius; wherein the geographical coordinate is represented by a latitude and longitude, and the radius is represented by a distance magnitude; and loading plurality of waypoints on a transponder.
• In another aspect, the transponder can determine whether the transponder is inside or outside the geographical zone by obtaining global positioning coordinates, and calculating whether the global positioning coordinates are inside at least one waypoint of the plurality of waypoints. The shape of the geographical area is the shape of a non-geometrical shape.
• In another aspect, all waypoints in the plurality of waypoints have the same coordinate but different radii, such that all the waypoints in the plurality of waypoints are concentric.
• In one aspect, there is a method to identify a geographical area for regulating an entity. The method comprises allowing a user to identify a geometrical area in a computer map, the geometrical area using two coordinate attributes, dividing the identified geometrical area into a grid, allowing a user to select at least one section from within the grid in order to define a geographical area, associating the at least one section to a pixel in a pixilated computer image such that the pixels selected by the user in the identified geometrical area are identified as being in the geographical area; and loading the pixilated computer image to a memory in a transponder.
• In another aspect, the pixilated computer image has a directly proportional number of columns and rows as the identified geometrical area. Alternatively, the pixilated computer image has the same number of columns and rows as the identified geometrical area. In another aspect, the geometrical area is rectangular or circular. In yet another aspect, a second geographical area is defined by a plurality of geographical areas.
• In yet another aspect, the entity having attached the transponder may be located in the geographical area by obtaining a position of the transponder from a ground positioning unit operably connected to the transponder, correlating the position of the transponder in the geographical area to a representative position of the transponder in the pixilated computer image, and determining whether the representative position of the transponder in the pixilated computer image falls on a pixel that is flagged as being in the geographical area.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• By way of example, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings.
• FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate the high-level architecture of a computer system for controlling and monitoring vehicles.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a component layout of a transponder used in a system for controlling and monitoring vehicles.
• FIG. 3A illustrates a view of the front exterior of the transponder used in a system for controlling and monitoring vehicles.
• FIG. 3B illustrates a view of the back exterior of the transponder used in a system for controlling and monitoring vehicles.
• FIG. 3C illustrates a multiple pin connector included on the transponder.
• FIG. 4A illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the modem is being detected.
• FIG. 4B illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the user may select parameters to configure the modem.
• FIG. 4C illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the user may select parameters to configure multiple inputs and outputs.
• FIG. 4D illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the user may select parameters to configure multiple logical and physical events.
• FIG. 4E illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the user may select parameters to configure multiple inputs and features.
• FIG. 4F illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the user may select parameters to configure multiple inputs and features.
• FIG. 4G illustrates a window of the transponder configuration application where the user may select parameters to configure multiple inputs and features.
• FIG. 5A illustrates a pixel map of a zone.
• FIG. 5B illustrates a pixel map of a geographical zone.
• FIG. 6A illustrates a component diagram of a backend control system.
• FIG. 6B illustrates a component diagram of a backend control system.
• FIG. 6C illustrates a component diagram of a backend control system.
• FIG. 6D illustrates a component diagram of a backend control system.
• FIG. 7A illustrates a screenshot of an instance of a client console.
• FIG. 7B illustrates a screenshot of an instance of a client console.
• FIG. 7C illustrates a screenshot of an instance of a client console.
• FIG. 7D illustrates a screenshot of an instance of a client console.
• FIG. 8 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of the administrator console.
• FIG. 9A illustrates a screenshot of an instance of the operations data processor.
• FIG. 9B illustrates a screenshot of an instance of the operations data processor.
• FIG. 9C illustrates a screenshot of an instance of the operations data processor.
• FIG. 10 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of the history data processor.
• FIG. 11 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of a disable transponder processor.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• Asset management and monitoring devices that use ground-positioning systems allow users to track the position of vehicles and cargo and other entities. The method and system described below utilizes a transponder that communicates over cellular and satellite communication networks in combination with GPS positioning satellites capable of providing position and status information on a global scale. The transponder allows interaction with and control of a wide range of peripheral devices, including operating according to preconfigured geographical zones and events.
• A transponder can be mounted, attached, manufactured, or otherwise included upon/in various articles or entities. Such articles or entities may include vehicles, aircraft, cargo, persons, animals, or any other item where tracking its movement and/or location is beneficial. Within the context of the tracking system, the transponder works to collect, process, and communicate information about the article or entity to which the transponder is attached. Furthermore, when requested, the transponder can issue various commands and instructions to the local article or entity.
• The transponder has the features, flexibility, and capability of an intelligent device. The transponder contains an at least 32-bit processor that can interface with at least one modem (cellular, satellite, and others), at least one Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, at least one memory module, and other peripheral devices. Other components of the transponder may include, but are not limited is at least one GPS antenna, at least one modem antenna, at least one serial port for communication and configuration, at least one multiple connector pin, which contains at least one input and at least one output. These inputs and outputs are configurable to be associated with a configurable event or configurable operation.
• The transponder can include many different combinations of the components listed above and similar components. For example, a transponder may have two modems wherein one modem is a satellite modem and one modem is a cellular modem. Additionally, a transponder could also contain a Bluetooth receiver in combination with the other components. The components of the transponder depend upon which capabilities the user requires.
• Among its many capabilities, the central processing unit of the transponder can be configured to manage configurable events or configurable operations. Managing events means that among other capabilities, the transponder can report, observe, recognize, process, and analyze numerous configurable events or configurable operations, give and respond to various commands, effectuate numerous events in its local installation, and contain a history recording component.
• The event message triggered by physical and logical events include the event message itself and such information includes latitude, longitude, speed, direction, time, state of all the inputs, state of all outputs, odometer, event reason or source, and any other relevant information concerning the entity.
• The transponder is configurable to include as few or as many configurable logical events or physical events as the user desires. Events may be physical or logical. Logical events may be based on rules using a combination of the GPS position and one other factor such as time or speed. However, logical events can be based upon a combination of factors. Physical events are those events that are physically manifested in the vehicle or object.
• Configurable events or configurable operations refer to those actions that the CPU in the transponder will execute. Configurable events or configurable operations include, but are not limited to, the turning on or off of an ignition to a vehicle; the temperature level or change thereof; the fuel tank level or change thereof; the pressing of a button or level within a vehicle, wherein the button is associated with an emergency event; locking or unlocking of a door or latch, the opening or closing of a window, turning on or off of an LED signal light, the turning or off of various relays, the turning on or off of an alarm; the change of the power level of the battery; a bar code scanned by a connected scanner; passenger loading or unloading; cargo loading or unloading; vehicle part malfunction; vehicle diagnostics code received; impact detected; airbag deployed; seatbelts latched/unlatched; tire air pressure high/low; and other mechanisms in the vehicle or object.
• Other configurable events or configurable operations include the location of the vehicle or object in terms of latitude, longitude, and/or altitude; the time and corresponding location of the last configurable event reported; the speed and direction of the vehicle or object, the state of any assigned inputs or outputs or change thereof; a pre-selected distance; a pre-selected time interval; pre-selected intervals based upon date and time reference; a pre-selected schedule for reporting and recording any of the configurable events or configurable operations; a pre-selected maximum speed; maximum acceleration; length of idle for a vehicle; length of non movement for an object.
• Additional configurable events or configurable operations include the entering or exiting of a pre-set waypoint or a pre-set zone. A waypoint is a circular area defined by a geographical center point and radius. The area defined by the waypoint is configurable by changing the radius and the position of the geographical center point. A zone is an irregular region defined by a series of line segments enclosing an area.
• The configurable events or configurable operations or combinations thereof can be processed in order to transmit a specific message, respond to a specific query or command, enable or disable a specific mechanism, or recognize a specific event. For example, the CPU can be configured to process that, if at a pre-selected time, the vehicle or object has not moved a pre-selected distance, then the transponder is sent a command to turn off the ignition of the vehicle or otherwise alter the article.
• The configurable events or configurable operations occur in many situations. These situations include, but are not limited to where configurable events or configurable operations occur in response to a command; where configurable events or configurable operations occur in response to a query, or where configurable or configurable operations events occur upon recognition of pre-selected conditions.
• Configurable boundaries or geographical zones can also be used and are configurable to any shape the user desires. For example, the boundary or zone can trace the border of a state line or trace the route of a selected highway or path. The boundary or zone can trace the border of the premises of a school zone, a no-fly zone, a city, etc. The boundary or zone can also be a geometric shape or non-geometric shape. A further benefit of the present disclosure is that the transponder can be updated and configured locally or over-the-air.
• FIG. 1A illustrates the high-level architecture of a computer system for controlling and monitoring vehicles. A plurality ofvehicles110 has at least onetransponder105 that can be tracked and allows the functionality to control remotely functionality of thevehicle115.
• Thetransponder105 connects with a plurality and any combination of communication networks. In one embodiment, such communications network is a cellular network including multiplecellular base stations120 andservice providers135. In another embodiment, such communications network is a cellular network including multiple cellular base stations withSMS receivers125 andservice providers140. In another embodiment, such communications network is a satellite network including multiple satellite receivers andtransmitters130 andsatellite ground stations145. In yet another embodiment, such communications network is a short radio communications network.
• The communications network permits thetransponder105 to communicate with abackend control system150. Thetransponder105 sends event information tobackend control system150 and responds to commands sent to thetransponder105 by thebackend control system150 through the communications network. Thebackend control system150 includes a plurality ofgateways151,152,153 and154 which interact with acodec155. Thecodec155 is the central codifier and decodifier of thebackend control system150 and allows the backend control system to adapt and communicate with any communications network. The modular design enables the introduction of new hardware and network protocols without having to change monitoring and reporting software. Thebackend control system150 also includes anasynchronous routing system159 that allows incoming and outgoing communications to be handled asynchronously and efficiently. In one embodiment, theasynchronous routing system159 includes a plurality ofrouting services156, at least onedatabase157 and aweb server158. The messages routed by therouting services156 are directly communicated to aclient console176. Theclient console176 presentsvehicle115 andtransponder105 information to the operator. Theclient console176 sends commands to thetransponder105 through thebackend control system150 and a communications network.
• Multiple applications may connect to thecentral database157 to provide further system functionality. Anadministrator console175 permits operators to add, edit or deletetransponder105 information,vehicle115 information, user information, etc. Ahistory processor console174 allows an operator to view reports and replay event data. Anoperations data processor173 permits an operator to define geographical zones and waypoints for operation of thetransponder105. Aconfiguration utility172 permits operators to configure easilytransponder105 features and functionality.
• Vehicle information can be presented to the operator through alternative media besides aclient console176. In one embodiment, vehicle information can be presented to an operator through a website or an email by transmitting such information from aweb server158 to aweb client171. In another embodiment, vehicle information can be presented to the operator by sending a text or voice messages to apredetermined wireless device180.
• FIG. 1B illustrates the wireless connectivity of thetransponder105. Thetransponder105 receives radio signals from aGPS constellation131 allowing thetransponder105 to process positioning information. Thetransponder105 can communicate wirelessly to various networks through multiple wireless devices integrated in the transponder's105 hardware such as ashort range radio154, acellular receiver120 and125, and asatellite130.
• Transponder Hardware Configuration
• FIG. 2 illustrates theinternal board240 of thetransponder105. Thetransponder board240 contains at least oneGPS receiver215, at least oneCPU210, at least onecellular modem220, and at least onememory module280. At least one Bluetooth receiver can be included in theinternal board240. In one embodiment, the tracking system uses utilizes both cellular and satellite networks to provide the most affordable and complete global coverage.
• The global positioning (GPS)receiver215 is a capable of positioning accuracy to within a few feet or less. For example, a 12-Channel Trimble SQ, Lapaic UV40, or small-range accurate receivers are contemplated.
• Theprocessor210 is at least a 32-bit processor. Theprocessor210 includes at least 32 Kilo-bytes of RAM. For example, a Motorola MMC2114 32-Bit RISC processor with two built-in UARTs is contemplated. However, a similar or more advanced processor is also contemplated. Thememory module280 includes at least two additional memory chips, wherein each additional memory chip is at least 128K.
• In one embodiment, the cellular receiver orcellular modem220 is the primary means for communication. Thecellular modem220 interfaces with at least one onboard processor110′s built-inserial ports345 or340 as illustrated inFIG. 3B. Thecellular modem220 may be a GSM, CDMA or similar modem. The satellite modem ortransceiver230 is external to thetransponder105 and is connected by aserial port340. In one embodiment, thesatellite modem230 is located under fiberglass or any other non-metal material in order to provide maximum coverage. Thesatellite modem230 is primarily used only when there is little or no cellular coverage or when the user specifies use of thesatellite modem230. The efficient use of thesatellite modem230 functions to lower the cost of the tracking system to the user. One embodiment contemplates asatellite modem230 such as a Sky Wave DMR-200 satellite modem. Similar contemplated satellite modems include features such as a built-in omni-directional antenna, provide worldwide coverage, and efficiently interfaces with the transponder'sprocessor210.
• TheBluetooth receiver215 has a range of at least 20 meters. For example, in one embodiment, a National Semiconductor SimplyBlue LMX9820 Class 2 Bluetooth module is contemplated. However, similar or more advanced Bluetooth receivers are contemplated as is any other radio connectivity that does not require a line of sight. Preferably, theBluetooth receiver215 is installed to utilize different capabilities such as integrating and supporting multiple wireless peripherals, acting as a short-range radio to download data, or to serve as a local, traveling wireless “hotspot.”
• In one embodiment, thepower source135, is a fused main power-in source with a recommended operating voltage range between 12 and 24 volts. One embodiment contemplates low power consumption (65 mA or less) during normal operation. Furthermore, thetransponder105 includes a circuitry for charging an optional backup battery. If theprimary power source135 supply reaches a minimum acceptable voltage, thetransponder105 will automatically switch to backup power as well as transmitting a message identifying that thepower source135 is a critical level.
• Thetransponder105 is a small and affordable unit with numerous features. The external view of the transponder is illustrated inFIGS. 3A and 3B. In one embodiment, thehousing335 of thetransponder105 is metal or made from a material that functions to protect the inner components from external events such as physical damage, dust, water, excessive temperatures or any other event that could affect the integrity of the transponder. As illustrated inFIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C, thetransponder105 contains at least twoexternal communication ports305 and340, amultiple pin connector345 with at least ninesensor inputs350, at least fourcontrol outputs355, amodem antenna connector300,several indicators315,320,325,330, and aGPS antenna connector310. In another embodiment, a Bluetooth antenna (not depicted) is an optional feature.
• Themultiple pin connection345 of one embodiment contains 20 pins. The number of pins within thetransponder105 is variable ranging from zero to as many pins as appropriate for its intended use.
• At least nine of the pins function asinputs345. Theinputs345 function to gather information concerning the status of the article upon which thetransponder105 is mounted. Each input can be assigned to a corresponding specific configurable event or operation. The input signal may be analog or digital. In one embodiment, eachinput345 is optically isolated and protected against over-voltage/under-voltage current surges. Furthermore, eachinput345 can be individually enabled or disabled either locally via a serial cable or over the air. Additionally, eachinput345 is configurable over the air and locally. Theseinputs345 are configurable to the specific desires and uses of the user. These capabilities are later discussed in further detail.
• In one embodiment, at least oneinput345 is a digital input dedicated to the ignition circuit path of a vehicle. If theinput345 is enabled, a message is transmitted when the vehicle is turned on. A second message is transmitted when the vehicle is turned off. Analog inputs are also useful in functioning with ranges. For example, an analog input can function with temperature and fuel tank levels. In one embodiment, the remaining inputs function to monitor different features of the vehicle.
• Other inputs345 may include a panic input, which may be connected to an emergency button installed discreetly inside the vehicle. If the panic input is enabled and the emergency button is pressed for a pre-selected, configurable amount of time, a message is transmitted relating the panic event. Similar inputs may include a medical assistance input, roadside assistance input or any other inputs, which the operator may use for immediately communicating an event. These messages can be continually transmitted for a determined period of time until the message is acknowledged by the proper party or monitoring entity.
• At least four of the pins in thepin connector345 function as outputs355. Theoutputs355 function to control mechanisms or enact functions upon the article or vehicle where thetransponder105 is mounted. Eachoutput355 is fused and capable of providing at least 0.5 amps per channel. However, if more than oneoutput355 channel is utilized the sum total of all used output channels should not exceed one amp. Eachoutput355 can be set high or low utilizing an over-the-air command. In one embodiment, theoutputs355 control various apparatus and objects within the vehicle itself. For example purposes only, the outputs can control the door locks, the vehicle windows, a LED signal light, the fuel tanks or valves, various relays, and other mechanisms in the vehicle. The LED signal light can function as an acknowledgement tool. For example, in the case of medical, roadside, or safety assistance is needed, the occupier or passenger of the vehicle can press a button to alert theclient console176. When the operator or appropriate entity receives and acknowledges the event, a command is sent back to thetransponder105 that will turn on an intermittent light for a determined amount of time so that the occupier or passenger is assured the message was received and assistance is on the way. In other embodiments, such as a cargo, theoutputs355 can control various features of the cargo such as a locking mechanism, a signal light, or temperature control.
• Theserial ports305 and340 inFIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate at least one 9-pinserial port340 for the purpose of interacting with and controlling peripheral devices and at least one 4-pinserial interface305 consisting of data in/out and two flow control lines. The externalserial port340 can support various peripheral devices such as a MDT (mobile data terminal), satellite modem, bar code scanner, short-range radio, or PDA. For example, the externalserial port340 can support a passenger counter which interfaces several door infrared motion sensors for the purpose of the counting the number of people entering or exiting from the one to four doors. Theserial port305 can also be used to test and configure applications within thetransponder105. In one embodiment, theport305 functions as a programming port that is used when programming the unit for the first time or re-programming the unit's core program.
• Theindicators330,325,320,315 inFIG. 3A can be associated with any type of connection, signal, power level, status, and any other similar communications. In one embodiment and inFIG. 3A,indicator330 is an LED that appears red when the transponder has power connected to it.Indicator325 is an LED that blinks green at a rapid pace when the GPS receiver is establishing a connection and slowly blinks green when a connection is established.Indicator320 is an LED light that blinks green for every message received and red for every message sent. Finally,indicator315 is an LED that is red when the cellular modem is roaming and is green when it is at home.
Transponder Firmware Configuration
• Thetransponder105 has numerous features, functions, and capabilities described below. Thetransponder105 is an intelligent device controlled by an at least 32-bit processor110.FIG. 2 depicts one embodiment where theprocessor105 has the capability to interface with aGPS receiver215, acellular modem220, aBluetooth modem225, amemory module280, and asatellite modem230.
• Thetransponder105 can be configured to report, observe, and analyze numerous logical events. The transponder is also configurable to give and respond to various commands, and contains a configurable history-recording component. A further benefit of the present disclosure is that all the configurations to thetransponder105 can be done locally or over-the-air. Thus, the user is able to configure any features including the entire operating system of the transponder over the air. This over-the-air configuration can be accomplished through use of the cellular modem200, theBluetooth modem225, or any other wireless means.
• Moreover, thetransponder105 can be configured locally through connecting to aserial port305 or340. Another benefit of the present disclosure is that during over-the-air or local configuration, thetransponder105 continues to operate normally. This means thetransponder105 can be configured with losing little to no operability. Over-the-air configuration commands change the parameters used for processing physical and logical events on the fly. Over-the-air operating system updates are achieved using two executable code spaces, and a temporary code space for loading new code. Once the uploading of new code into the temporary code space is completed, the transponder reboots, copies the new code into the secondary executable code space and resumes execution with the most recent update.
• FIGS. 4A-4G are exemplary screen shots of the user interface for configuring the physical and logical events within the transponder in one embodiment.FIGS. 4A-4G serve only as examples of a general interface which the user can interact with to configure thetransponder105. One important feature of the present disclosure is that configuring the transponder does not require the user to know scripts or hard-coded parameters. Instead, the present disclosure includes a software application with which the user can easily interface logical windows, tabs, fields, checkboxes and radio buttons to configure the transponder.
• FIG. 4A is a screen shot of a window that interfaces with the user to configure thetransponder105. Thewindow400 has at least fourtabs401 from which the user can choose. Thefirst tab402 directs the user to awindow400 for configuring the modem of thetransponder105.
• Thesecond tab403 directs the user to awindow400 where the user can configure at least 8Inputs345 and at least 4 outputs355.FIG. 4C depicts the interface when thesecond tab403 is selected. Theactivity level407 of theinputs345 can be configured to be either high or low. Theoutputs355 can be configured to default to an active or inactive state at startup using the “On”field box410. Theoutputs355 can be further configured to be associated with anLED acknowledgment411. Theoutputs355 can be assigned to any type of control mechanism or function within the vehicle or article where thetransponder105 is mounted. For example, theoutputs355 can be assigned with a door locking mechanism in a vehicle. In this example, ifOutput1355 inFIG. 4C is associated with a door locking mechanism, the user could check the “On”410 field box. When the transponder first boots, the door locks connected tooutput1 would automatically lock, and would remain locked until unlocked by an over-the-air command. When an output is selected as an LED acknowledge, that output will change to an active state during an acknowledgeable priority event, and blink to off when that priority event is acknowledged by the Response Center.
• Thethird tab404 directs the user to awindow400 where the user can configure certain logical events.FIG. 4D depicts the interface when thethird tab404 is selected. The logical events412-420 inFIG. 4D are exemplary only. Moreover, the present disclosure contemplates a variety of configurable logical events not depicted inFIG. 4D. The logical events412-420 selected inFIG. 4D are individually discussed below. Each event has a corresponding field box in which the user can fill in the appropriate value.
• Thefourth tab405 directs the user to awindow400 where the user can configure theinputs345 and specific features of thetransponder105.FIGS. 4E, 4F, and4G depict the interface when thethird tab404 is selected. As stated above, each input can be assigned a corresponding event. For example, aninput345 can be assigned to the ignition of a vehicle. Thus, occurrences associated with the ignition of the vehicle are communicated and displaced as aspecific input345. The user has the ability to configure eachinput345 and each feature429-445 by enabling the input or feature424, assigning the events as apriority event425, assigning one ormore outputs426 to the events, or link the occurrence of the events to a messaging sent via thecellular network427.
• Events can be physical or logical. Physical and logical events trigger the sending of a message over the air when certain conditions are met. Most logical events are based on rules using a combination of the GPS position and one other factor such as time or speed. The event message triggered by physical and logical events includes the event message itself and such information includes latitude, longitude, speed, direction, time, state of all theinputs345, odometer, event reason or source, and any other relevant information. The logical events are usually software driven, calculation based, and typically draw from GPS positions. Thetransponder105 is configurable to include as few or as many logical events as the user desires. One embodiment includes at least six different configurable logical events.
• The first logical event of one embodiment is a feature that reports the last known location of the transponder for a specified interval of time. This time reporting412 features is depicted inFIG. 4D. The status report to the user may consist of other parameters such as latitude, longitude, speed, direction, time and the state of theinputs345. For example,FIG. 4D shows an example where the user configured the time reporting412 interval for 60 seconds. This means that in this scenario, the last known location status and applicable parameters are reported every 60 seconds. Thistime reporting feature412 gives the user flexibility and the option to lower the cost of data transmission.FIG. 4D also depicts an entry for Satellite TimedReporting Interval413, where the same time reporting feature is applicable, only the message is transmitted via an optional satellite modem Again, due to the typically higher costs of satellite communication, the user has the flexibility to determine how often he or she wishes to incur the cost of satellite reporting on a fixed time period.
• The second logical event of one embodiment is a feature that further refines the reporting capabilities of thetime reporting feature412. This event is depicted asSmart Time Reporting414 onFIG. 4D. TheSmart Time Reporting414 feature functions to transmit a report only when the vehicle has moved a pre-selected distance since the last transmitted report.FIG. 4D shows that theSmart Time Reporting414 feature is configurable in terms of atime interval415 anddistance416. Thus, a user could configure thetransponder105 to report its location and applicable parameters by selecting atimed reporting interval415 in terms of seconds and adistance416 in terms of meters. For example, a user could select thetime reporting interval415 for 60 seconds and thedistance416 for 1000 meters. This would mean that every 60 seconds the transponder would send a report unless thetransponder105 has not moved at least 1000 meters since the last report. This smart time reporting414 feature allows the user to tailor the amount of reporting and the cost of data transmission.
• Another contemplated reporting feature, not depicted, is a scheduled reporting feature. This feature sets the transponder's reporting feature on an interval based upon a date and time reference. Thus, the user can configure the transponder to report location and the other parameters on pre-selected days and hours of the week. For example, a user could use the scheduled reporting feature to configure the transponder to only report at 8 am, 12 pm and 4 pm on weekdays and only once per weekend day. Also not depicted is satellite scheduled reporting where the same scheduled reporting capabilities are applicable, only the message is transmitted via an optional satellite modem.
• A third logical event of the one embodiment is a speeding feature. Thetransponder105 can be configured to send reports dependent on the speed of the vehicle or article to which thetransponder105 is mounted.FIG. 4D shows that the user can configure thetransponder105 for at least two different settings concerning speed. Specifically, the user can select theexcessive speed417 and aspeed filter time420. Theexcessive speed417 is configurable for the user to select a maximum speed threshold for the vehicle or article. Thus, each time the speed threshold is exceeded, events are generated, recording when the threshold was exceed, the maximum speed reached when above the threshold and when the unit crossed below the threshold. When thetransponder105 crosses back below the threshold, the event message indicating this occurrence as well as a third message indicating the maximum speed reached during the period when thetransponder105 was above the speed threshold is transmitted. Thespeed time filter420 gives the user the option to set a time period in terms of seconds to allow the vehicle or article to cross the speed threshold without sending a message. This filter also acts to make data transmission efficient. For example, the user can set thespeed time filter420 for 15 seconds, which allows the vehicle to speed for 15 seconds without sending a report. This scenario is beneficial for instances when the vehicle is speeding to pass another vehicle or accelerating to merge into traffic. Similar to the other logical events, the event message also includes information such as the latitude, longitude, speed, direction, time, and state of the inputs.
• A fourth logical event of one embodiment is an excessiveidle feature421. Thetransponder105 can be configured to send reports dependent on the amount of time the vehicle or article has been idle.FIG. 4G shows that the user can configure the excessive idle421 feature to be enabled422, considered apriority event425, assigned anoutput426, or linked to a messaging system forcellular phones427. The excessive idle421 feature generates an event message whenever the maximum excessive idle time is reached. The event message records the time and location corresponding to when the threshold was exceeded. This feature is helpful to users who wish to monitor or reduce the number of vehicles that have the ignition turned on (using gasoline), but are not moving.
• Geofencing
• The next logical event of one embodiment is a “geofencing” or creating configurable boundaries or geographical zones feature. This feature consists of generating events when the transponder travels through waypoints and zones. A configurable boundary or geographical zone may be constructed through a combination of waypoints and/or zones. Because of this combination, the configurable boundary or geographical zone can be constructed in a very specific shape and outline specific borders or routes. A waypoint is a circular area defined by a geographical center point and radius. The area defined by the waypoint is configurable by changing the radius and the position of the geographical center point. Thus, the boundary created by the waypoints and zones is configurable.
• In one embodiment, thetransponder105 is loaded with a plurality of waypoints, each waypoint defined by a coordinate and a radius. A zone can be defined by a plurality of waypoints. Thus, for example, a city can be defined by two waypoints. Using GPS data, the transponder will calculate whether it is in any of the two waypoints defining the city. If the transponder determines that it is inside one of the two waypoints, then thetransponder105 assumes that it is within the limits of the city.
• A zone is an irregular region defined by a series of line segments enclosing an area. In one embodiment, each zone contains 3 to 256 or more deflection points for creating the line segments defining this irregular area. In one embodiment, this irregular area can create a configurable boundary or a geographical zone. The properties of a zone include a name, description and a flag determining if the zone is an off-limits zone or an enclosed zone.
• In one embodiment, a geographical zone may be created selecting a plurality of coordinates and downloading the coordinates to thetransponder105. The plurality of coordinates may be in the Mercator system. Next, thetransponder105 assigns each coordinate to a pixel in a pixilated image that is loaded in thetransponder105. In order to perform the assignment, thetransponder105 utilizes logic to define a “bounding” square or box around the plurality of coordinates. Then the bounding box is pixilated and the pixels where the coordinates fall are marked as activated. Once the pixels for each coordinate are assigned, lines are extended from one pixel to the next so as to form an enclosed area in the pixilated image. The pixels the lie in the path of the lines between the activated pixels are also activated. Thus an enclosed and contiguous line of pixels is formed.
• Waypoints and zones are built by theoperations data processor173. Once a waypoint has been built, it can be used in transponder loads. Transponder loads are a collection of zones and waypoints slated to be loaded on atransponder105. These loads are loaded on to the transponders with theconfiguration utility172.
• FIG. 4F illustrates a screenshot of theconfiguration utility172 for configuring waypoint and zone events. Theconfiguration utility172 allows the operator to configure the WaypointProximity enter feature433, theWaypoint exit feature434, the Zone Boundary enterfeature435, and the ZoneBoundary Exit feature436. The WaypointProximity enter feature433 monitors when a waypoint has been entered, theWaypoint exit feature434 monitors when a waypoint has been exited, the Zone Boundary enterfeature435 monitors when a zone has been entered, and the Zone Boundary Exit feature436 monitors when a zone has been exited.FIGS. 4F and 4G show the user interface of one embodiment where the user may enable the waypoint and zone features, assign the events as apriority event425, assign anoutput426 to the events, or link the occurrence of the events to a messaging system forcellular phones427.
• FIG. 5A illustrates apixel map500 of a zone. After all the deflection points for a given zone are uploaded, the zone is saved in thememory module280 of thetransponder105 in the form of apixel map500. Thepixel map500 is created by first drawing a square around the entire area of the zone. The square is then divided into an 80/80-pixel map. Eachpixel505 is a square. These squares are then used to draw theoutline shape510 of thezone515. A geographical area is then mapped to eachpixel505 of thepixel map500. Aposition fix520 in thepixel map500 is mapped from the current geographical location of the vehicle.
• A test is performed to for each zone for eachposition fix520 in order to determine if thetransponder105 is inside thezone515 or outside thezone515. Thus, for eachzone515, the test starts with a simple check if theposition fix520 is inside or outside thepixel map500. If thecurrent position fix520 is inside thepixel map500, a more extensive test is completed by plotting theposition fix520 inside the bounding box and drawing four lines in four directions (north, south, east and west) from theposition fix520 to the borders of thepixel map500. Subsequently, the number ofzone boundary crossings530 is counted for each of the fourlines525.
• Multiple boundary crossing tests are performed for accuracy. If a givenline525 crosses an odd number ofzone boundaries510, theposition fix520 is considered inside thezone515. If a givenline525 crosses an even number of zone boundaries, theposition fix520 is considered outside thezone515. If at least three out of the four boundary crossing tests agree, thezone boundary crossings530 are used to determine if theposition fix520 is inside or outside the zone. If three out of the four boundary tests do not agree, theposition fix520 is considered outside thezone515.
• Position fixes520 that are on the special locations in thepixel map500 can yield specific location results. In one embodiment, position fixes520 that land on azone boundary510 are determined to be outside thezone boundary510. In another embodiment, position fixes520 that land on azone boundary510 are determined to be inside thezone boundary510. In one embodiment, position fixes520 that land on a “long and narrow protrusion” which is only one pixel wide can be considered to always be inside thezone515. In another embodiment, position fixes520 that land on a “long and narrow protrusion” which is only one pixel wide can be considered to always be outside thezone515.
• After all the deflection points for a given zone are uploaded, the zone is saved in thememory module280 of thetransponder105 in the form of apixel map500. Thepixel map500 is created by first drawing a square around the entire area of the zone. The square is then divided into an 80/80-pixel map. Eachpixel505 is a square. These squares are then used to draw theoutline shape510 of thezone515. A geographical area is then mapped to eachpixel505 of thepixel map500. Aposition fix520 in thepixel map500 is mapped from the current geographical location of the vehicle.
• FIG. 5B illustrates apixel map550 of a geographical zone. Thepixel map550 is first presented to the user as a geographical map on a screen connected to a computing device. In one embodiment, the user then selects arectangular shape555 around thegeographical area560 that the user desires to define. In another embodiment, the user may define a customized shape. The rectangular shape is then divided into smaller rectangles such that the area of the rectangle is divided into a grid. Each pixel in the grid can be activated to be part of the geographical zone. In one embodiment, the user may activate each pixel by double-clicking on each pixel. In another embodiment, the user may select a smaller rectangular region and mark the smaller rectangular region as being part of thegeographical zone560 so that the pixels contained in the smaller geographical zone are activated. In yet another embodiment, the user may select a circular area as being part of thegeographical zone560, and all pixels in such circular area would be activated. In another embodiment, the user may define any customized geometrical or non-geometrical shape.
• Once all the desired pixels are selected by the user as being part of thegeographical zone560, therectangular shape555 is mapped into a pixilated computer image. In one embodiment, the pixilated computer image contains the same number of pixels as the number of sections in the grid. The pixilated computer image can then be loaded to thetransponder105. Thetransponder105 can be programmed to determine the position of the entity with a simple calculation of whether the pixel in which the transponder's location falls is activated or deactivated. In another embodiment, the geographical zone is defined by selecting a rectangular region and a circular region. The circular region can be defined by a waypoint.
• An irregular zone or geographical zone may be defined by a collection of waypoints and pixilated images. Furthermore, each irregular zone may have additional parameters such as speed threshold of the entity, flagged as a “no-fly zone,” color coded in order of danger or security threat, communication enabled or disabled, etc.
• When thetransponder105 enters or exits waypoints and zones, an event message is transmitted indicating what reference point or zone has been entered or exited. The event message can include latitude, longitude, speed, direction, time, state of the inputs, odometer, event reason or source, and any other relevant information. Thus, the zone boundaries and waypoints allow the user to track a vehicle or an article through configurable boundaries or geographical zones such as state borders or a specified route.
• In one embodiment, the waypoint and zone events are configurable to one or more assigned outputs. Meaning, when thetransponder105 enters or exits waypoints and zones it can initiate an output. An output can consist of an LED light unit within the vehicle or article, a door locking mechanism, a fuel valve mechanism and so forth. This means that the user can configure the vehicle to lock its doors or close a fuel valve if the vehicle enters or exits a specific waypoint or zone.
• Commands
• Thetransponder105 is also configurable to respond to various query and set commands sent over the air. The position query commands thetransponder105 to return the last valid GPS position, speed, direction, time, input state, and other relevant information. The transponder can also be configured to respond to an odometer query. Upon receiving this query command, thetransponder105 returns the last valid GPS position, speed, direction, time, input state, running odometer value, and other relevant information.
• Thetransponder105 is also configurable to respond to various query commands sent over the optional satellite modem. The satellite position query commands thetransponder105 to return the last valid GPS position, speed, and time. Thetransponder105 can also be configured to respond to a satellite odometer query. Upon receiving this query command, thetransponder105 returns the state of its inputs and running odometer value. Examples of other forms of query commands that are sent to thetransponder105 are Input and Output Signal Query, Analog to Digital Levels Query, Passenger Count Query, Firmware Version Query, Satellite Status Query, Satellite Position and Velocity Query, Satellite Odometer and IO Query, etc.
• Another optional command is the alarm acknowledgement. This command is sent to thetransponder105 to terminate the sending of a priority event (panic, medical or roadside assistance are examples of priority events). When the alarm acknowledgement is received, no further priority messages for the current event are transmitted.
• In one embodiment, the command is setting a single output. This is used to change the state of an output to either active or inactive over-the-air. An example would be to unlock the back door of an armored truck when it arrives at the bank or turn on the fuel pumps for a tanker truck when it arrives at a gas station.
• In another embodiment, the command may be to send a text message, from thetransponder105 through the communications network to a device configured to receive and interpret text messages.
• In another embodiment, the command is a configuration command to configure functionalities of thetransponder105 as previously discussed. Examples of configuration commands include Configure Timed Reporting, Set Odometer, Upload New Firmware, Configure Excess Speed Event, Configure Excessive Idle Event, Configure Satellite Timed Reporting, Configure Power Level Critical, Configure Satellite Communication Port, Enable Event, Configure Priority Events, Enable Cellular Message, Enable Short-Range Radio Message, Assert Output Event, Configure GPS Filter, Enable Input, Set Passenger Count, Configure Smart Timed Reporting, Configure Scheduled Reporting, Configure Satellite Scheduled Reporting.
• Thetransponder105 also may include a history reporting component. Whenever thetransponder105 cannot transmit data packets due to a lack of coverage via the principle communication mediums, the packets are stored in one of at least two history logs on an on-board flash memory storage device. When the transponder determines that the communication link has been re-established, any packets stored in memory are sequentially transmitted, beginning with those messages identified as a priority. For example, emergency or roadside assistance would be a priority message which would be the first message transmitted when the connection is re-established.
• In an effort to combat GPS drift, two parameters are included to filter GPS positions received from the GPS receiver. The two filters are based upon maximum allowed speed and maximum allowed acceleration. The parameters can be customized to the type of installation. If a packet is received from the GPS receiver and either of these two parameters is exceeded, the position packet is thrown out.
• Backend Control System
• FIG. 6 illustrates abackend control system150. Thebackend control system150 includes a plurality of gateway systems151-153, acodec155, and anasynchronous routing system159. In turn, theasynchronous routing system159, includes aweb server156, a plurality ofrouter systems620,622, areal time database630, ahistory database642, and afleet database670.
• Thereal time database630 maintains records of the most recent information from a transponder such as location, speed, direction, odometer reading, etc. Thehistory database642 maintains records of all events and transactions that were received and sent from theasynchronous routing system159. Finally, thefleet database670 keeps records of all the administrative entities such as the controlled mobile and static objects to which a transponder is attached to (e.g. a vehicle), users, transponder configuration, fleets, etc.
• Thebackend control system150 can be configured to run on any combination of computer servers. In one embodiment, the plurality of communication gateway systems151-153 runs on independent computer systems. In another embodiment, the communication gateways151-153 run on a common computer system.
• The communications gateway systems151-153 direct data flow from each of thetransponders105 into thebackend control system150. The gateway systems151-153 also direct commands and queries to theappropriate transponder105. Each gateway establishes and maintains a communication link with a communications network651-653. In one embodiment, the gateway is a Universal Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol (UDP/IP) packet receiver andsender151, which connects to an Internet/cellular network651. There may be more than one UDP/IP gateway151 transmitting and receiving data. The UDP/IP gateway151 allows thebackend control system150 to communicate withtransponders105 over GSM/GPRS, CDMA/1xRTT and CDPD networks using UDP packets.
• In another embodiment, the gateway system is a Short Message Peer to Peer (SMPP)gateway152 that connects with a Short Message Service (SMS)network652. A plurality ofSMPP gateway systems152 transmit and receive data for transponders that communicate over SMS networks using an SMPP protocol. EachSMPP gateway system152 opens and maintains a continuous connection to the service provider's Short Message Service Center (SMSC) for incoming data so that reception oftransponder105 data from the SMSC can be guaranteed.
• In another embodiment, the gateway system is asatellite gateway153 that connects to asatellite network653. As illustrated inFIG. 1A, thesatellite network653 may include one ormore satellites130 and, at least onground station145. Thesatellite gateway153 transmits and receives data fortransponders105 that communicate through satellite communication. In one embodiment, the satellite communication protocol may be that of Inmarsat satellites using eight-byte packets of data. Thesatellite gateway153 opens and maintains a continuous connection to thesatellite network653.
• The communication between the asynchronous routing system and transponders are channeled through an appropriate gateway system151-154. An appropriate gateway system151-154 is selected based on a unique combination of transponder manufacturer, communications protocol and service provider. For example, atransponder105 that uses CDPD communication would be routed through a different gateway system151-154 than atransponder105 that uses SMS communications protocol. Likewise,transponders105 that use the same communications protocol such as CDPD, but have a different service provider would have separate gateways.
• As the gateway system151-153 receives each inbound packet of data, the gateway system151-153 tags each packet with the date and time of arrival, thetransponder105 manufacturer information, the transponder's105 address information, and repackages the packet for transmission to thecodec155. The gateway151-153 then writes the repackaged data into aqueue665 that is read by acodec155.
• When the gateway system151-153 receives an outbound packet from an outbound queue661-664, the gateway system151-153 uses the address information to send the packet to thetarget transponder105. If required, the gateway system151-153 verifies before transmission that the gateway system151-153 has an open and valid connection to the corresponding network651-653. Each gateway system151-153 has at least one corresponding outbound queue661-663. For example, each UDP/IP gateway151 has at least one outbound UDP/IP queue661. EachSMPP gateway152 has at least onoutbound SMS queue662. Eachsatellite gateway153 has at least oneoutbound satellite663. EachSMTP mail gateway154 has at least oneoutbound SMTP queue664.
• After a packet is placed in theinbound queue665, the data coming from various networks is decoded into a standard data format. Likewise, before a packet is placed in an outbound queue661-664, the data going to different communications networks is coded from the standard data format, into a network specific format. The coding and decoding of data is carried out by the codec (coder-decoder)155. Thecodec155 permits the greater flexibility because the introduction of new communication network protocols is transparent to theasynchronous routing system159. Thus, if a new transponder model uses a new communication network protocol, the backend control system does not need to be upgraded. The system upgrades needed would be acodec155 update and a new gateway if necessary.
• When a packet comes into theasynchronous routing system159, each inbound packet that thecodec155 receives is first examined to determine the transponder model. If thecodec155 supports the specified transponder model, the data is translated from thetransponder105 proprietary format into the standard system format. Once thecodec155 has interpreted the data, thecodec155 then writes the data into aresponse queue610. If thecodec155 does not recognize the transponder model, thecodec155 then logs the unsupported data and emails the data to a designated system or network technician.
• When a packet is sent from theasynchronous routing system159 thecodec155 determines the transponder model to which the packet is sent. If thecodec155 supports the specified transponder model, the data is translated from the standard system format into thetransponder105 proprietary format. Likewise, if the packet is sent to another device that is not atransponder105, the codec determines if it supports that device, and if so, translates to the appropriate format. Once thecodec155 has interpreted and encoded the data, thecodec155 then places the packet into the queue that corresponds to the appropriate type of network communication protocol. An SMS packet data would be placed into theoutbound SMS queue662. If thecodec155 does not support the transponder model, thecodec155 then logs the unsupported data and emails the data to a designated system or network technician.
• Once a packet is processed by thecodec155, it is then processed depending on if it is an outbound or inbound packet. Outbound packets are placed in the appropriate outbound queue661-664. Inbound packets are received by theasynchronous routing system159 in aresponse queue610. Theresponse queue610 feeds the packets to theresponse router620. Theresponse router620 determines if aclient console176 is tracking thetransponder105 associated with the incoming message. If so, theresponse router620 routes the incoming message to theappropriate client console176. Thus, the client console receives the message before any other process in theasynchronous routing system159. If noclient console176 is tracking thetransponder105 associated with the incoming message, theresponse router620 places the incoming message into anew event queue621. Thenew event queue620 feeds anew event router622. Thenew event router622 analyzes each incoming message and determines if the incoming message is associated to a new priority event for thetransponder105. Thenew event router622 determines if the incoming message is associated to a new event by searching areal time database630 for a similar event associated to thetransponder105. If no event is recorded for thetransponder105, or the event is of high priority, thenew event router622 sends a routing request to all client consoles176 that have permission to view the incoming message. The request is intermittently sent until at least oneclient console176 accepts the routing request. Once the routing request is accepted, theclient console176 adds thetransponder105 to an inventory in theclient console176 so that the incoming message can be handled.
• Asynchronously, ahistory queue640 receives the inbound and outbound messages for alltransponders105. The inbound messages are fed from thehistory queue640 to the history recorder641. The history recorder641 geocodes all packets that have valid latitude and longitude. The geocoded information is saved in a history database641 to be used later for reporting and statistical analysis.
• Incoming messages fromtransponders105 may also be forwarded to an email address, or cellular telephone, or any other communications device. To achieve this functionality, the history recorder641 also transmits the geocoded locations to remote notifyrouters681 by placing the geocoded locations in a remote notifyqueue680. The remote notifyrouter681 that receives the geocoded location and event information queries thefleet database670 to find out if the configuration information associated with thetransponder105 requires a notification to acommunications device177. If a notification is required, the remote notifyrouter681 retrieves the contact information for theappropriate communications device177. The remote notifyrouter681 then formats and encodes the message sent to thecommunications device177. The message is placed in theoutbound SMTP queue664 to be sent through theSMTP gateway154. The message can be placed in theoutbound SMS queue662 to be sent through theSMPP gateway152.
• Thereal time database630 is also updated with the new event information associated with the incoming message. Thus, thereal time database630 contains the latest information reported on a giventransponder105. Thereal time database630 is connected to aweb server158. Theweb server158 is directly connected to theInternet160 and allows users of aweb tracking application171 to make location requests, command requests632 and report requests633. When aweb server158 receives a location request631 from theweb tracking application171, theweb server158 queries thehistory database642. Thehistory database642 contains all events in chronological order. Theweb server158 retrieves all transactions related to theweb tracking application171 query and forwards the data to theweb tracking application171 for display in a web browser.
• When aweb server158 receives a location request631 from theweb tracking application171, theweb server158 queries thereal time database630 for thecorresponding transponder105 information. Thereal time database630 provides transponder information as related to the very last incoming message from theincumbent transponder105. Theweb tracking application171 may also send a command request632 such as querying the position of the transponder. The command request632 is sent to thecommand receiver690, which in turn processes the position request command by tagging theappropriate transponder105 information. The message is encoded by thecodec155, placed in the appropriate outbound queue661-663 and sent through the corresponding gateway system151-154 to thetransponder105. Thetransponder105 will then send back a response, and thebackend control system150 then processes it by updating thereal time database630. After thereal time database630 has been updated, the web server631 may refresh the contents of theweb tracking application171 showing the new position of thetransponder105.
• Thecommand receiver690 processes all commands pertaining to all outbound messages to be sent to transponders. The command receiver may receive command messages from the client consoles176, the administrator consoles175, or from theweb server158. When thecommand receiver690 receives a command message, thecommand receiver690 tags each outbound message with thecorrect transponder105 address by searching afleet database670 and retrieving the address information. Each message is sent by thecommand receiver690 to thecodec155 for encoding.
• All of the commands that are processed by thecommand receiver690 are ultimately sent remotely to thetransponder105. In one embodiment, the command is a Position Query. Upon receiving this query command, thetransponder105 returns the last valid position, speed, direction, time and input state. In another embodiment, the command is an Odometer Query. Upon receiving this query command, the mobile products return the last valid GPS position, speed, direction, time, input state, and running odometer value. In another embodiment, the command is an Input/Output Query. Upon receiving this query command, the transponder returns the last updated state of all inputs and all outputs (active/inactive). For any given input, the active state is relative to that the configuration of that input. For instance, if an input is configured to be active-low (H-L), then 0 volts at the input translates into that input being “active.” If the input is configured to be active high (L-H), then 12/24 volts at the input translates into that input being “active.” In another embodiment, the command is a Time Report Set and/or Home IP. This command is sent to the transponders to configure the reporting interval for the Timed Reporting feature of the firmware. This command can also be used for setting the transponder's destination IP/MIN address. This command allows the transponders to be reconfigured over-the-air to transmit to a new control center or home address if the IP/MIN address of the control center or home address changed. In another embodiment, the command is Set All Outputs. This command is sent to the transponder to set all outputs simultaneously. Any individual output can be either high or low. In another embodiment, the command is Set Single Output. This command is sent to the mobile products to set one individual output either high or low. In another embodiment, the command is Enable/Disable Inputs and Events. This command is sent to the transponders to enable/disable all known transponder features. Both physical and logical events can be individually enabled and/or disabled. While the physical and logical events can be disabled, the ability to query the transponder for its location and status can remain enabled. In another embodiment, the command is an Alarm Acknowledgment. This command can be sent to the transponder to terminate the sending of an emergency event such as panic, roadside assistance, or medical assistance. When the alarm acknowledgement is received, no further emergency messages for the current event are transmitted from thetransponder105.
• Theasynchronous routing system159 interacts with various control consoles. Reporting consoles174 connect to thefleet database670 to display fleet information. Administrator consoles175 also connect to the fleet database to retrieve transponder, vehicle, and user information. Administrator consoles175 also connect to the command receiver691 to send commands to thetransponder105.Operations data processors173 connect to thefleet database670 in order to retrieve configuration information for a specific user ortransponder105. Finally, theclient console176 receives information for a trackedtransponder105 from theresponse router620, receives information for a non-tracked transponder from anew event router621, and retrieves information from thefleet database670. The client console also transmits commands to atransponder105 by sending the command to the command receiver691.
• Management Software
• FIG. 7A illustrates a screenshot of an instance of theclient console176. Theclient console176 provides real-time transponder105 location mapping, location tracking, transponder control and transponder message/event handling.
• In one embodiment, theclient console176 connects to map databases and transponder databases by configuring multiple parameters. Such parameters can include path definition for the console map sets710, anycustom data sets711, mapinformation display symbols712 andconsole operating procedures713. The Settings are maintained in the system registry and recalled at program load. In another embodiment, theclient console176 provides the ability to configure mapping parameters used by theclient console176. Theclient console176 also provides the ability to define the console location, default zoom levels when displaying the various program-generated maps, the map set to be used and whether or not street locations are displayed when mapping a location.FIG. 7B illustrates a screenshot of an instance of theclient console176. A graphical user interface allows maps to be displayed on theclient console176. In one embodiment, theclient console176 displays all available transponders on one master map. In another embodiment, theclient console176 allows a user to view transponders bygroups721 or individually720. In another embodiment, the client console allows a user to view all transponders that come within anarea722 displayed by the map. In another embodiment, theclient console176 allows a user to view all transponders that are within a waypoint. In another embodiment, theclient console176 allows a user to view all transponders that are within a zone.
• Theclient console176 allows a user to employ a variety of mapping tools to help managetransponder105 location processing. Provided tools include map zoom in/out, map pan, map feature label, map ruler, map location at selected point, map legend, center map on selected point, find a map feature and center map on it, display information for a selected custom dataset element, display information for a selected transponder, display information for a standard map feature and print the displayed map.
• Further, the displayed map uses color-coding for both location symbol and location identification to indicate special conditions relating to thetransponder105. Special situations that are color-coded include transponder moving, transponder stopped, transponder not reporting, transponder location is old and transponder has a priority message active.
• As illustrated byFIG. 7C, theclient console176 can generate a user-operating log that includes all messages received by theconsole740, commands sent by theconsole741 andkey events742 that occur during console operation. In another embodiment, the generated log is interactive such that a user can append a free form remark to the event log and recall and view the event log for any selectable time period. In another embodiment, theclient console176 provides the ability to generate a summary list of the assigned transponder inventory and the current real-time status of a selected transponder.
• FIG. 7D illustrates a screenshot of theclient console176 with a generated list displaying a transponder summary table750 and amaster map751. The client console also allows the user to view a chronological listing of allmessages752 received at theclient console176 and allcommands753 transmitted from theclient console176 to thetransponder105.
• The transponder summary table750 displays all transponder information and is updated in real time as the transponder reports to theclient console176. The transponder data shown are the data corresponding to the transponders belonging to the inventory of a user. The transponder summary table750 uses icons and color-coding to alert the user to special conditions. Special situations that are color-coded include transponder moving, transponder stopped, transponder not reporting, transponder location is old and transponder has a priority message active. In another embodiment, the user has the ability to find any item in the transponder summary table750, select which columns are visible and to sort the table according to selectable sort types and sort orders for up to three columns.
• In another embodiment, theclient console176 provides a user the ability to select an item in the transponder summary table750 and perform an operation that is related to the selected item or its group. For example if a transponder is selected, various operations related to the transponder may include adding the transponder to the master map, removing the transponder from the master map, creating a group map, creating an individual map, centering the map on the selected transponder location, viewing the input/output/and event states for the transponder, setting the message notification mode for the transponder, viewing an information screen that contains detailed information from the master database pertaining to the transponder and viewing any supplementary information contained in the location data packet that is not otherwise displayed.
• In another embodiment, theclient console176 provides a user the ability to select a transponder in the transponder summary table750 and send a command/query to the selected transponder. The command/query list available to the user is dependent on the user's profile in the master system database. In another embodiment, the command is sent from a web based client console such as theweb tracking application171.
• In another embodiment, theclient console176 provides a user the ability to receive popup alert notification, including a sound cue, whenever a message event, a standard event or priority event is received at theclient console176. Notification modes may be enabled or disabled for each transponder. In one embodiment, the notification modes are configured in thefleet database670. In another embodiment, the notification modes are configured locally in theclient console176. When a priority message is received, the user has the ability to cancel the message, switch reporting to the emergency mode, or continue to use the standard reporting mode. The transponder summary table750 displays priority messages with a special icon under the transponder identification column.
• FIG. 8 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of theadministrator console175. Theadministrator console175 allows the creation and maintenance of client configurations. Theadministrator console175 updates thefleet database670. AsFIG. 7B illustrates, theadministrator console175 allows access to each fleet by displaying a list offleets820. Each fleet may be accessed to view and manage all the vehicles associated to the selected fleet. A list ofvehicles821 is associated with each fleet in the list offleets820. Each vehicle in the list ofvehicles821 has a corresponding list oftransponders822,passengers823 andoperators824. Each transponder in the list oftransponders822 may be selected for configuration. Likewise, the list ofoperators824 may be selected to add, edit or delete an operator. The list ofpassengers823 may be selected to add, edit or delete a passenger for the corresponding vehicle.
• FIG. 9A illustrates a screenshot of an instance of theoperations data processor173. Theoperations data processor173 allows one to create and maintain zones, waypoints and transponder loads for thetransponder105. Zones, waypoints and sites are created and maintained with a point-and-click mapping interface as illustrated byFIG. 9A. The graphical interface provided by theoperations data processor173 displays amap910 of the area where awaypoint920 is to be installed. In one embodiment, the graphical interface allows a user to expand or reduce the radius930 around the waypoint. In another embodiment, the radius information is entered by typing the number on a given field of the graphical user interface. Theoperations data processor173 allows one to maintain a list ofwaypoints940 and view eachwaypoint920 in a thecorresponding map910.
• FIG. 9B illustrates a screenshot of an instance of theoperations data processor173. The graphical interface provided by theoperations data processor173 displays amap910 of the area where azone950 is to be delineated. Thezone950 is defined bydeflection points951 and the lines that connect the deflection points951. The deflection points951 may be indicated by clicking on themap910. A list ofzones960 are also displayed by theoperations data processor173, along with a collection of deflection points970. Eachzone950 can be edited by changing the deflection points951.
• FIG. 9C illustrates a screenshot of an instance of theoperations data processor173. The graphical interface provided by theoperations data processor173 displays a window to configure transponder loads. A transponder load is a collection of zones and waypoints to be loaded to a transponder. Each client edits a collection of transponder loads. The transponder loads are later downloaded to eachtransponder105 according to the configuration in thefleet database670. A load is configured by selecting a client980, and selecting the desired waypoints981 and zones982 that were defined by the client980. The waypoints981 and zones982 selected are those that will later be downloaded to thetransponder105.
• FIG. 10 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of thehistory data processor173. Thehistory data processor173 permits the retrieving and mapping of historical data and events associated with selected vehicles and transponders. The graphical user interface displays an interactive map1010 and the geographical points1020 where an event occurred. In one embodiment, thehistory data processor173 allows the user to click on each geographical point1020 and see the event information1030 reported at that geographical point1020. In another embodiment, thehistory data processor173 allows the user to select a group of geographical points1020 and replay the history of a transponder or of a vehicle along the selected geographical points1020. In another embodiment, thehistory data processor173 allows the user to select all geographical points1020 and replay the history of a transponder or of a vehicle along the selected geographical points. In one embodiment, the history replay will replay the movement of the vehicle according to the streets traveled, the direction, and the speed. In another embodiment, as the history of the vehicle is replayed, the event information1030 is displayed for every geographical point1020 reached.
• In another embodiment, the history replay can replay the history according to selected period. In another embodiment, the history replay can replay the history as related to a selectedwaypoint920. In another embodiment, the history replay can replay the history as related to a selectedzone950.
• FIG. 10 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of thehistory data processor173. Thehistory data processor173 also permits the retrieving and reporting of mapping historical data and events associated with selected vehicles and transponders. In one embodiment, a graphical user interface from a computer application displays a list ofavailable reports1040. In another embodiment, a graphical user interface in a web browser displays a list ofavailable reports1040. Once an item in the list ofavailable reports1040 is selected, thereport1050 is displayed to the user. Eachreport1050 is configurable to be generated based on multiple parameter options such as a time period, types of events, types of transponders, a specific transponder, a specific zone, a waypoint, types of vehicles, a vehicle, etc.
• FIG. 11 illustrates a screenshot of an instance of a disabletransponder processor1100. The disabletransponder processor1100 allows an accounting department to disabletransponders105 for nonpayment and enable them at the time of subscription or when payment is made. In one embodiment, a disabletransponder processor1100 can be connected to the accountingprocessing data exchange177. In another embodiment the disabletransponder processor1100 can be a stand-alone application installed on computer systems used by an accounting department. In another embodiment the disabletransponder processor1100 can be a web application accessible only by members of an accounting department.
• The disabletransponder processor1100 provides a list oftransponders1110 that are disabled, and a list of transponders that are enabled. If a user disables or enables atransponder105, thetransponder configuration105 is updated in thefleet database670 and is also sent to thecommand receiver690 for processing. Thecommand receiver690 sends a message to thetransponder105 to turn off its functions.
• While the above description contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure, but rather as an exemplification of one embodiments thereof.
• The method and system described above contemplate many applications of the present disclosure. The present disclosure includes a system that has the capability to control and monitor a moving object or a static object prone to be moved. The object can be many things such as vehicle, aircraft, airborne items, animals, persons, cargo, specialized and/or volatile cargo such as chemicals, weapons, or hazardous materials. In addition, fragile cargo can include, but is not limited to items such as, medicine, patients, organs for donation, where monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, blood pressure, ekg, and other conditions are critical to the integrity of the item. Another climate-sensitive object for which tracking, monitoring and local control is beneficial includes produce and perishable goods. For example, the transponder could monitor humidity and have the ability to control the amount of moisture in cargo containing perishable items that are susceptible to humidity. Moreover, these objects can include any other item where tracking its movement and/or location is beneficial. A transponder can be mounted, attached, manufactured, or otherwise included upon or within these various articles. The transponder is contemplated to be of many different sizes including nano- and/or micro scale-transponder. Within the context of the tracking system, the transponder works to collect, process, and communicate various information about the article or vehicle to which the transponder is attached. Furthermore, when requested, the transponder can issue various commands and instructions to the local article or vehicle. These commands or instructions to the local article or vehicle are contemplated to include any command that can change, alter, or enhance, the mechanism, the function, the structure or the composition of the article or vehicle. For example, a medical application of the present disclosure contemplates a transponder with the ability to monitor a patient's vital signs. The transponder can be hardwired or hooked up to intravenous tubes, medical machines, and other medical equipment. Thus, for example, the user is capable of remotely administering medicine by commanding the transponder to perform the function. Furthermore, a change in vital signs could send an event message to the transponder where the transponder could send a message to a response center or directly to a cellular phone of the patient's physician or to a plurality of cellular phones, such as to family members, for example.
• Additional applications and situations include military applications where it is necessary to not only track and monitor a vehicle or person, but where it is also beneficial to be able to control functions on the vehicle or person. For example, it may be desired to control the firing ability of a military vehicle, or control similar functions once the vehicle enters a certain territory or turn off certain capabilities once the vehicle enters a peaceful zone. Similarly, an additional application to aircrafts and airborne items considered. The transponder would have the same capabilities; however, the transponder could position based upon on a 3-D point in space, not merely longitude and latitude. Naturally, each one of these applications remains configurable and controllable over-the-air.
• Furthermore, the disclosure includes any combination or sub-combination of the elements from the different species and/or embodiments disclosed herein. One skilled in the art will recognize that these features, and thus the scope of this disclosure, should be interpreted in light of the following claims and any equivalents thereto.

Claims (15)

We claim:

1. A system for determining a user's path comprising:

a server arranged to receive location data of a communication device associated with the user, the location data defining the detected position of the communication device at a number of different points in time, the location server further arranged to receive data associated with the location data indicative of the order in which the location data was determined; wherein the server is further arranged to compare the received location data and zone data defining a plurality of zones and to associate the received location data with one of the plurality of zones;

determining the user's path passing through a zone defined by the associated location data and the associated data;

storage for a plurality of user profiles wherein each user profile is defined by zone data defining an order in which a given type of user passes through the plurality of zones; and

comparing the determined path of the user passing through the of zones with the user profiles; wherein the server is further arranged to associate the user with a given user profile and to process the path of the user.

2. A system according toclaim 1 in which the server is further arranged to track the location of user at a point in time on the path based on real time or cached location data.

3. A system according toclaim 1 in which the server is configured to receive location data comprising timestamp data indicative of when the location of the device was determined.

4. A system according toclaim 1 in which the server is further configured to determine the user's dwell time at a particular location or within a zone based on the processed associated location data.

5. A system according toclaim 1 in which the server is further configured to determine the number of points on the determined user path, and preferably to compare the determined number of points with a predetermined threshold stored in a storage means.

6. A system according toclaim 5 in which the server is further configured to determine the user dwell time only if the number points on the determined user path is greater than the predetermined threshold.

7. A system according toclaim 1 wherein each one of the plurality of coordinates define a shape of at least one zone, the shape of the zone is selectively a square, rectangle, triangle, circle, oval, or trapezoid, non geometric or has irregular boundaries.

8. A system according toclaim 1 further comprising regulating an entity by performing an action that comprises at least one of monitoring, controlling and visualizing the position the entity or movement or non-movement of the entity.

9. A system according toclaim 1 said movable entity is controlled and monitored depending on the location of the movable entity relative to at least one zone.

10. A system according toclaim 1 Including determining the location of a regulated transponder, and selectively determining whether the transponder is inside or outside the zone by obtaining positioning coordinates, and calculating whether or not the positioning coordinates are inside at least one waypoint of the plurality of waypoints defining at least one zone.

11. A system according toclaim 1 wherein at least one zone is rectangular and is divided into a plurality of rectangles.

12. A system according toclaim 1 wherein at least one zone is circular and is divided into a plurality of sections.

13. A system according toclaim 1 wherein at least one zone has a user-defined shape other than circular or spherical, and selectively is a closed polygonal shape.

14. A system for determining a user's path comprising:

a server arranged to receive location data of a communication device associated with the user, the location data defining the detected position of the communication device at a number of different points in time, the location server further arranged to receive data associated with the location data indicative of the order in which the location data was determined,

the location date being transmitted between the server and the communication device by both WI-FI radio and Bluetooth;

the server being further arranged to compare the received location data and zone data defining a plurality of zones and to associate the received location data with one of the plurality of zones;

determining the user's path passing through a zone defined by the associated location data and the associated data;

storage for a plurality of user profiles wherein each user profile is defined by zone data defining an order in which a given type of user passes through the plurality of zones; and

comparing the determined path of the user passing through the of zones with the user profiles; wherein the server is further arranged to associate the user with a given user profile and to process the path of the user.

15. A physical arrangement for determining a user's path comprising:

a server and a communication device;

the server being arranged to receive location data of the communication device associated with the user, the location data defining the detected position of the communication device at a number of different points in time, the server being further arranged to receive associated data with the location data of the communication device indicative of the order in which the location data was determined;

the communication device including WI-Fl radio and Bluetooth systems whereby the location data is transmitted between the server and the communication device by both WI-FI radio and Bluetooth;

the server being further arranged to compare the received location data and zone data defining a plurality of zones and to associate the received location data with one of the plurality of zones;

the server determining the user's path passing through a zone defined by the location data and the associated data;

storage for a plurality of user profiles wherein each user profile is defined by zone data defining an order in which a user passes through the plurality of zones; and

comparing the determined path of the user passing through the of zones with the user profiles; wherein the server is further arranged to associate the user with a given user profile and to process the path of the user.

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