US20150143764A1

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: US20150143764A1
Application number: US14/223,014
Authority: US
Inventors: Yuichi Masaki
Original assignee: Grape Co Ltd
Current assignee: Grape Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-11-22
Filing date: 2014-03-24
Publication date: 2015-05-28
Also published as: JP2015101850A

Abstract

A framework wall structure, a building and a framework wall construction method that may improve structural performance against horizontal force and prevent damage to and around a joining member are provided. A viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of an adjacent member set formed of a stud, a lintel receiving portion and a block so that the viscoelastic member absorbs energy of horizontal force and absorption performance of vibration may be improved. Also, the viscoelastic member may decrease a shear force applied to a nail, prevent that the nail is deformed and a nail hole is enlarged, and prevent damages of the nail and a nailed member.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a framework wall structure including a wall body, a building provided with the framework wall structure, and a framework wall construction method. The wall body is formed of a framework having top and bottom plates, and right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework.

BACKGROUND ART

There has been conventionally proposed a framework wall structure provided with a viscoelastic member between a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework (e.g. see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180573). In a conventional framework wall structure according to Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180573, a viscoelastic member is adhered between the framework and the surface so that the viscoelastic member absorbs energy of horizontal force by earthquake, wind or the like and absorption performance of vibration is improved.

However, in the conventional framework wall structure according to Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180573, stiffness of a framework in an in-plane direction is very different from that of a surface material so that, when large force is applied to the in-plane direction, the difference of a displacement amount between the framework and the surface material increases. As a result, the viscoelastic member may be peeled off from the framework or the surface material, and absorption performance of vibration according to the viscoelastic material may become ineffectively utilized. Furthermore, when the viscoelastic member is peeled off, excessive force is applied to a joining member that joins between the framework and the surface member so that the joining member may be deformed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above drawbacks, this invention has the purpose to provide a framework wall structure, a building and a framework wall construction method that may improve structural performance against horizontal force and prevent damage to and around joining members.

In the framework wall structure of this invention, a wall body is formed by a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework, and a floor body or a roof body is supported on an upper side of the wall body. The framework wall structure is provided with a vertical member extending vertically along the stud and a horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate. Also, the studs adjacent to each other, the stud and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members form an adjacent member set as a surface along a longitudinal direction is a joining surface, the joining surfaces are joined by joining members to oppose to each other, and a viscoelastic member is attached being sandwiched in at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.

According to this invention as described above, a viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that, when a shear force is generated between adjacent members by horizontal force, the viscoelastic member is elastically deformed by the shear force, and resistance force (or damping force) is generated by the viscosity. Energy is absorbed by such resistance force (or damping force) and absorption performance of vibration may be improved. A member forming the adjacent member set is adjacent to each other in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction so that the difference of a displacement amount in adjacent members is small, and absorption performance of vibration by the viscoelastic material may be effectively utilized. Furthermore, the viscoelastic member is provided with a joining surface along a longitudinal direction so that an area that is provided with the viscoelastic member is secured.

Also, energy is absorbed in the viscoelastic member so that the viscoelastic member may decrease the shear force applied to the joining member, prevent that the joining member such as a nail or the like is deformed and a nail hole is enlarged, and prevent damage to and around a joining member. Furthermore, the adjacent member set may be formed including two or more adjacent members, and the viscoelastic member may be provided between all of or a part of joining surfaces.

In the case of the framework wall structure of this invention, it is preferable that the viscoelastic member is provided with the adjacent member set placed at an intersection that is intersected by at least two of wall surfaces that are formed by the framework and the surface material

According to such the structure, the viscoelastic member is provided to the adjacent members set placed at the intersection so that, when all intersecting wall surfaces are deformed having the displacement amount different from each other, even if the shear force is generated by the difference of such the displacement amount, the connection member may decrease the shear force generated in the joining members, and absorption performance of vibration may be further improved.

Also, in the framework wall structure, the vertical member is a lintel receiving portion that is provided surrounding an opening portion or a block that is provided between the studs or between the stud and the lintel receiving portion. Preferably, the horizontal member is the lintel that is provided above the opening portion, a head binder that is provided above the top plate, a joist provided above the top plate or below the bottom plate, or a floor board that is provided above the joist.

According to the structure, the shear force that the joining member joining the adjacent member set bears may be decreased. Furthermore, the viscoelastic member is provided between the joining member of the adjacent member set having the lintel and the lintel receiving portion so that, around the opening portion that is not provided with a surface material, even if the lintel and the lintel receiving portion are deformed more than the top plate, the bottom plate and the stud, the viscoelastic member may absorb energy of the shear force generated at this time, and prevent deterioration of structural performance according to forming the opening portion as much as possible.

Meanwhile, the building of this invention is provided with the framework wall structure. The building of this invention is not limited of its application (a house, a store, a warehouse, etc.) and scale (a building area, a capacity, a number of floors, etc.), and the framework wall structure is applicable for various buildings.

Meanwhile, in the framework wall structure of this invention, a wall body is formed by the framework having the top plate, the bottom plate, and the right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework, and the floor body or the roof body is supported on the upper side of the wall body. The framework wall structure uses a vertical member extending vertically along the stud and a horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate. Also, the studs adjacent to each other, the stud and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members form the adjacent member set as a surface along a longitudinal direction is a joining surface, the joining surfaces are joined by joining member to oppose to each other, and the viscoelastic member is attached so as to be sandwiched between at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.

According to this invention, the viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that the viscoelastic member may improve absorption performance of vibration as described above, and prevent damage to and around a joining member. Further, the step of attaching the viscoelastic member between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set may be executed, when the framework or the like is erected at the construction site of the building. Also, when the framework is assembled at a factory or the like, or when the frameworks are combined and paneled, the step may be executed.

According to the framework wall structure, the building, and the framework wall construction method as described above, the viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that the viscoelastic member may improve structural performance against horizontal force and prevent damage to and around a joining member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a framework wall structure in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the 1st story of a framework wall structure;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the 2nd story of a framework wall structure;

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view ofFIG. 2 along a line IV-IV;

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view ofFIG. 3 along a line V-V;

FIG. 6A is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with a variation of this invention;

FIG. 6B is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with a variation of this invention;

FIG. 7A is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 7B is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 7C is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 7D is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 8A is further a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention; and

FIG. 8B is further a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment of this invention is hereinafter described with reference toFIGS. 1-5. Aframework wall structure1 of the exemplary embodiment is a building such as a detached house, an apartment, or the like, and is applied to a wood framework wall structure and a two-story building. The 1st story of theframework wall structure1, as shown inFIGS. 1-2, is provided with asill plate2 supported by a foundation F, ajoist3A supported by thesill plate2, afloor material4A fixed so as to cover the upper surface of thejoist3A, aframework5A fixed to upper side of thefloor material4A, and ahead binder6A supported by theframework5A. Also, the floor body of the 2nd story, namely a joist3B and afloor material4B, above thehead binder6A is supported. Further, above the floor body of the 2nd story, aframework5B and ahead binder6B are supported similarly the 1st story, and a roof body that is not illustrated is supported above the 2nd story.

For example, thesill plate2 is formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension of 38 mm×114 mm, provided along the foundation F, and fixed to the foundation F by anchor bolts that are not illustrated.

Thejoist3A is provided with aheader joist31 that is provided along thesill plate2 and fixed by nailing, afloor joist32 that is provided between theheader joists31 opposed to each other, a receivingmember33 that is provided between thefloor joists32, and a reinforcingjoist34 that is provided along theheader joist31 and between thefloor joists32. For example, theheader joist31, thefloor joist32 and the reinforcingjoist34 are formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension 38 mm×184 mm, and the receivingmember33 is formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension of 38 mm×89 mm. Also, thejoist3B of the 2nd story is fixed to thehead binder6A of the 1st story by nailing, and provided with theheader joist31, the receivingmember33, and the reinforcingjoist34 similarly the 1st story.

For example, the

floor materials

4A and4B are formed from structural plywood and fixed along the

joists

3A and3B by nailing.

Theframework5A is provided with atop plate51, abottom plate52, a plurality ofstuds53, alintel54A, alintel receiving portion55A that supports thelintel54A from the lower side. Thestud53 is fixed to thetop plate51 and thebottom plate52 by nailing, thelintel54A and thelintel receiving portion55A are fixed to thestud53 by nailing, and further thebottom plate52 is fixed to thejoist3A and thefloor material4A by nailing. As a result, theentire framework5A is supported by thejoist3A and thefloor material4A. For example, thetop plate51, thebottom plate52, thestud53, thelintel54A and thelintel receiving portion55A are formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension 38 mm×89 mm. Also, an opening portion O1 surrounded by thelintel54A and thelintel receiving portion55A is formed. Theframework5B of the 2nd story, as shown inFIG. 3, is provided with thetop plate51, thebottom plate52, thestud53, thelintel54B and thelintel receiving portion55B, and opening portions O2 and O3 are formed similarly the 1st story. Further, a hold-down hardware H that is attached to thestud53 and thelintel receiving portion55A and an anchor bolt A that is embedded to the foundation F are fixed so that theframework5A is firmly fixed to the foundation F. As such, theframework5A is fixed to the foundation F. As a result, the entireframework wall structure1 may prevent separating from the foundation F by horizontal force, and aviscoelastic member9 that is provided withadjacent members10A and10B, as described later, may absorb energy effectively.

The

frameworks

5A and5B, as shown inFIG. 4, are fixed from outside to an exterior wall material P1 as a surface material, and fixed from inside to an interior wall material P2 as a surface material so that the wall body is formed. For example, the exterior wall material P1 is formed from structural plywood, and the interior wall material P2 is formed of gypsum boards.

The left side of wall surface inFIG. 1 is the1st wall surface50a, the right surface of wall surface is the2nd wall surface50b, and the portion intersecting thefirst wall surface50aand the2nd wall surface50bis anintersection50c. In theintersection50c, ablock7 for dimension adjusting is provided between twostuds53.

The

head binders

6A and6B have a cross sectional dimension similarly thetop plate51 and are fixed along thetop plate51 by nailing.

In theframework wall structure1, as described above, theblock7 and the

lintel receiving portions

55A and55B act as vertical members, and the

joists

3A and3B and the

floor materials

4A and4B act as a horizontal members.

Next, each connection structure of the

6A and6B is described in detail.

At first, in theintersection50cof the 1st story, thestud53, thelintel receiving portion55A and theblock7 have a connection structure as illustrated with a cross section inFIG. 4. In other words, thestud53 of the let wall surface50a, thelintel receiving portion55A, theblock7 and thestud53 of the2nd wall surface50bare adjacent to each other, connected with a lateral surface along a longitudinal direction (i.e., the vertical direction) as a joining surface by anail8 as a connection member. As a result, an adjacent member set10A is formed. Theviscoelastic member9 is attached being sandwiched between joining surfaces, namely among thestud53, thelintel receiving portion55A and theblock7. Also, in theintersection50cof the 2nd story, the adjacent member set is formed similarly, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided.

Also, in the connection portion between the 1st story and the 2nd story, thetop plate51, thehead binder6A, thejoist3B, thefloor material4B, and thebottom plate52 have a connection structure as illustrated with a cross section byFIG. 5. In other words, thetop plate51, thehead binder6A, theheader joist31 and the reinforcingjoist34, thefloor material4B and thebottom plate52 are adjacent to each other with an arranged manner in the vertical direction, connected with a lateral surface along a longitudinal direction (i.e., the horizontal direction) as a joining surface by thenail8. As a result, an adjacent member set10B is formed. Theviscoelastic member9 is attached being sandwiched between joining surfaces that is among thetop plate51, thebottom plate52, and each horizontal member. Also, the sill plate of the 1st story, thejoist3A, thefloor material4A, and thebottom plate52 forms the adjacent member set similarly the 2nd story, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided.

Next, effect of theviscoelastic member9 is described. When external force, such as an earthquake or the like, is applied to the building, a shear force is generated between adjacent members. For example, when external force of the vertical direction inFIG. 4 is applied, the1st wall surface50areceives force of an out-plane direction. Meanwhile, the2nd wall surface50breceives force of an in-plane direction. As a result, the1st wall surface50aand the2nd wall surface50bare deformed having each different displacement amount. Shear force is generated between twostuds53 of the1st wall surface50aand thestud53 of the2nd wall surface50b. Theviscoelastic member9 is elastically deformed by such the shear force, and energy is absorbed by generating resistance force (or damping force) based on the viscosity.

Also, in members extending to the horizontal direction, the shear force is generated by horizontal force transmitted from an upper story to a lower story and to the foundation. For example, inFIG. 5, when horizontal force is transmitted from thebottom plate52 of the 2nd story to thefloor material4B, from thefloor material4B to theheader joist31 and the reinforcingjoist34, from theheader joist31 and the reinforcingjoist34 to thehead binder6A of the 1st story, and from thehead binder6A to thetop plate51 of the 1st story, the shear force is generated between thebottom plate52 and thefloor material4B, between thefloor material4B and theheader joist31 and the reinforcingjoist34, between theheader joist31 and the reinforcingjoist34 and thehead binder6A, and between thehead binder6A and thetop plate51. As a result, energy may be absorbed by viscosity of theviscoelastic member9 sandwiched between these joining surfaces.

According to the exemplary embodiment as described above, theviscoelastic member9 is sandwiched between the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that theviscoelastic member9 may absorb energy of horizontal force and improve absorption performance of vibration. Also, theviscoelastic member9 may decrease the shear force that is applied to thenail8, prevent that thenail8 is deformed and a nail hole is enlarged, and prevent damages of thenail8 and a nailed member. Theviscoelastic member9 is provided with a joining surface along a longitudinal direction so that an area that is provided with theviscoelastic member9 is secured.

Further, theviscoelastic member9 is provided to the adjacent member set in theintersection50cso that, even if the1st wall surface50aand the2nd wall surface50bare deformed having a displacement amount different from each other, energy of large the shear force may be absorbed by the difference of such the displacement amount, the shear force that nail8 bears may be decreased, and absorption performance of vibration may be further improved.

Also, theviscoelastic member9 is provided between thelintel receiving portion55A and thestud53 so that around the opening portion O1 that is not provided with the exterior wall material P1 and the interior wall material P2, even if thelintel receiving portion55A is deformed in the vertical direction so as to be shifted from thestud53, theviscoelastic member9 may absorb energy of the shear force generated at this time, and prevent deterioration of structural performance according to forming the opening portion O1 as much as possible.

Furthermore, this invention is not limited of the embodiment, includes other configurations to achieve the purpose of this invention, and includes variations as described below. For example, in the above exemplary embodiment, the adjacent member set10A that has thestud53, thelintel receiving portion55A, and theblock7 is exemplified. Otherwise, as illustrated inFIG. 6A, an adjacent member set10C may have a configuration that thestuds53 are adjacent to each other or that theviscoelastic member9 is provided between thestuds53.

Also, in the above exemplary embodiment, the opening portion O1 is formed near theintersection50c. In other words, the configuration is that thelintel receiving portion55A is provided. Otherwise, the configuration may be that the opening portion is not formed, for example, as illustrated inFIG. 4, thelintel receiving portion55A may be omitted, or the configuration may be that threestuds53 are combined so that an adjacent member10D is formed and theviscoelastic member9 is provided, as illustrated inFIG. 6B.

Also, in the above exemplary embodiment, the adjacent member set is formed at the intersection between wall surfaces as exterior walls, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided. Otherwise, the configuration may be that the adjacent member is formed at a T-shaped intersection between an interior wall and an exterior wall, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided, for example, as illustrated inFIG. 7, thestud53, thelintel receiving portion55 and theblock7 are appropriately combined according to existence of the opening portion O so that

adjacent members

10E,10F,10G, and10H are formed, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided.

Also, the configuration may be that the adjacent member set is formed at a cross-shaped intersection intersecting interior walls, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided, for example, as illustrated inFIG. 8, thestud53, the lintel receiving portion56 and thesupport material7 are appropriately combined so that adjacent member sets10I and10J are formed, and theviscoelastic member9 is provided.

Also, the configuration may be that theviscoelastic member9 is provided between thetop plate51 and an appropriate horizontal member, between thebottom plate52 and a horizontal frame, and between appropriate horizontal members, or that theviscoelastic member9 is provided between thestud53 and an appropriate vertical member.

Also, members utilized in this invention are formed of solid materials made from wood and/or laminated materials made from wood and/or bamboo.

In addition, a preferred configuration, method, or the like for carrying out this invention is disclosed by the following description, and this invention is not limited to these embodiments. Then, this invention is especially illustrated and described in relation to specific embodiments mainly. Otherwise, it may be performed with several changes by those who skilled in the art about shape, material, quantity, and other detailed configurations in terms of exemplary embodiments described above, without deviating technical ideas and scope of the purpose in this invention. Therefore, the limited description of shape, material, or the like as disclosed above describes exemplary so as to easily understand. This invention is not limited thereby so that this invention includes the description written by a name of a member that is excluded a part of limitations such shape, material, or the like, or all limitations.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

1 framework wall structure
3A,3B joist (horizontal member)
4A,4B floor material (horizontal member)
5A,5B framework
6A,6B head binder (horizontal member)
7 block
8 nail (joining member)
9 viscoelastic member
51 top plate
52 bottom plate
53 stud
54A,54B lintel
55A,55B lintel receiving portion
P1 exterior wall material (surface material)
P2 interior wall material (surface material)
10A-10J adjacent member set

Claims

1. A framework wall structure, wherein a floor body or a roof body is supported on an upper side of a wall body, the wall body comprising:

a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs; and

a surface material fixed to the framework;

the framework wall structure comprising:

a vertical member extending vertically along each of the right and left studs and supporting a horizontal member;

the horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate, wherein

the right and left studs arg adjacent to each other, each of the right and left studs and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members form an adjacent member set so that a surface along a longitudinal direction is a joining surface, and joining surfaces are joined by joining members to oppose to each other, and wherein

a sheet-like viscoelastic member is attached so as to be sandwiched between at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.

2. The framework wall structure according toclaim 1, wherein the viscoelastic member is provided to the adjacent member set placed at an intersection at which at least two wall surfaces formed by the framework and the surface material intersect.

3. The framework wall structure according toclaim 1, wherein

the vertical member is a lintel receiving portion provided surrounding an opening portion, or a block provided between the studs or between the stud and the lintel receiving portion, and wherein

the horizontal member is a lintel provided above the opening portion, a head binder provided above the top plate, a joist provided above the top plate or below the bottom plate, or a floor board provided above the joist.

4. A building comprising, the framework wall structure according toclaim 1.

5. A framework wall structure method for making a floor body or a roof body to be supported on an upper side of a wall body, the wall body comprising:

a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs; and

a surface material fixed to the framework;

the framework wall structure method including:

preparing a vertical member extending vertically along each of the right and left studs and supporting a horizontal member, and the horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate;

forming an adjacent member set with the right and left studs being adjacent to each other, each of the right and left studs and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members, with a surface along a longitudinal direction being a joining surface;

joining by joining members such that the joining surfaces are opposed to each other; and

attaching a sheet-like viscoelastic member at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.