US20140106892A1 - Method for swing result deduction and posture correction and the apparatus of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An exemplary embodiment provides a method for swing result deduction and posture correction. The method includes performing a coordinate transformation between a sensor frame and an earth frame, deducting the swing result according to at least one piece of sensor information and a swing result deduction analysis, and providing a posture correction advice according to at least one piece of sensor information and a posture correction analysis.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
• This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 101137614, filed on Oct. 12, 2012. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification.
BACKGROUND
• 1. Field of the Disclosure
• The technical field of the present disclosure is related to a method for swing result deduction and posture correction and the device thereof.
• 2. Description of the Related Art
• In the sport of golf, common misplayed shots include a hook, a slice, a pull, a push, a duff and a top, and a golf beginner usually does not know the type of misplayed shot made during practice as well as a correction method. Such a problem may be solved through one-to-one teaching by an instructor; however, due to the lack of accurate swing and golfer body information, an instructor can only instruct a golf beginner on how to correct a body movement from the experience based on a swing result. Such a problem may also be solved by recording swing information and the swing posture of a golf beginner with a high speed camera; however, such an approach may still encounter problems such as image obstruction (blind spot of camera), golfer privacy, an unknown body force application, and detection failure of the rotation angle of a club-face.
• In another solution, a pressure sensor is installed on a golf club to record the force application on a club-head and feed back the force of a player's swing and the flying direction of a ball. However, such a golf club requires special fabrication, which is not economical. In yet another solution, a light distribution sensor is added in a striking environment to observe the flying shadow of a ball, determine the flying direction of the ball based on the tangent plane point of the swing, and predict a golf three dimensional movement trajectory. Such a method is not suitable for an outdoor practical swing and but only suitable for an indoor small-range operation.
• Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for swing result deduction and posture correction and a specific structure thereof, so that a golfer who intends to improve the golf skill may correct postures of ball striking by using objective data information. In addition, this set of method and structure may also provide a golf instructor with more precise, objective data to make better advices.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
• One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for swing result deduction and posture correction, the method includes performing coordinate transformation between a sensor frame and an earth frame; outputting a swing result according to at least one piece of sensor information and through a swing result deduction analysis method; and outputting a correction advice according to at least one piece of sensor information and through a posture correction analysis method.
• Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction, capable of receiving sensor information generated by at least one sensor, and the electronic device includes a memory; and a processor including a coordinate transformation module, a swing result deduction module, and a posture correction module. The coordinate transformation module is used for performing coordinate transformation between the coordinates of the at least one sensor and an earth frame; the swing result deduction module is used for outputting a swing result according to the sensor information generated by the at least one sensor and through a swing result deduction analysis method; and the posture correction module is used for outputting a correction advice according to the sensor information generated by the at least one sensor and through a posture correction analysis method.
• The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of the present disclosure in order that the detailed description of the disclosure that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be described hereinafter, which form the subject of the claims of the disclosure. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures or processes for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The disclosure will be described according to the appended drawings in which:
• FIG. 1 shows an electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sensor frame-earth frame” transformation according to the present disclosure;
• FIG. 3A-1 toFIG. 3A-4 are schematic views of misplayed shot types;
• FIG. 3B is a schematic view of downswing trajectories;
• FIG. 3C-1 toFIG. 3C-2 are schematic views of rotation trends of a club-face;
• FIG. 4 shows the determination of the swing result of a duff according to the change of an acceleration value of a golf club according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 5 shows the determination of the swing result of a top according to the change of an acceleration value of a golf club according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an open club-face according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a closed club-face according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an analysis method for determining a swing result according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 9 shows a structure of swing result deduction and posture correction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
• FIG. 10 is a flow chart of an analysis method for providing a posture correction advice according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
• FIG. 11A toFIG. 11D show various manners of connecting a sensor and a golf club according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
DETAIL EMBODIMENT OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
• The method and process in an application scenario of a method and a device for swing result deduction and posture correction provided in the present disclosure are as follows. In an embodiment, a ball striker may dispose a sensor, for example, a movement sensing accessory on the grip of a golf club, place a sensor through a method for connecting a sensor and a golf club, for example, an appendage or a fixation outside a golf club or an insertion in a golf club, and optionally wear a smartphone with a sensing function at the waist. When the movement sensing accessory and the smartphone are respectively positioned, swing practice may start. During each swing practice, a trainee or the ball striker needs to keep still for several seconds during the preparation for a take-away movement, and the movement sensing accessory may measure the current gravity and magnetic force and return the current gravity and magnetic force to a framework including the deduction and posture correction device for calculating a “sensor frame-earth frame” transformation matrix during the current take-away movement. Next, start a swing motion till the swing is completed, and at the same time, the measured sensed information are returned to the framework, so that the framework first transforms all the information back to the sensor frame during the take-away, and then, through a “sensor frame-earth frame” transformation procedure, transforms the sensed information into information using the earth frame as a reference. Next, the framework calculates a swing trajectory, an angle of a club-face and an acceleration value of a golf club, and determines a swing result. When a misplayed shot is made, the framework automatically determines the major cause for an undesirable swing result based on the deduced swing result in combination with the body movement of the ball striker determined by the sensor.
• FIG. 1 shows anelectronic device100 for swing result deduction and posture correction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theelectronic device100 may receive sensor information generated by at least one sensor (not shown), and theelectronic device100 includes amemory12 and aprocessor10. Theprocessor10 further includes acoordinate transformation module14, a swingresult deduction module16, and aposture correction module18. The functions of all the above modules are described below. Theelectronic device100 is a computer unit in this embodiment; however, theelectronic device100 is not limited thereto, and anyelectronic device100 having basic computation and processing functions, such as a tablet computer, a smartphone, may be used as theelectronic device100. In anelectronic device100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, theprocessor10 further includes awireless module19. Thewireless module19 may receive signals of other mobile devices in a manner such as, but not limited to, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or 3G. In this embodiment, other mobile devices may be at least one sensor or movement sensing accessory. A plurality of sensors or movement sensing accessories transmits sensed information to theelectronic device100. The different modules perform computation through the data of these pieces of sensed information and output results to be displayed on a peripheral (for example a screen) of theelectronic device100, or output the results to display devices of the sensors through wireless transmission. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the result calculated by theelectronic device100 may be transmitted through a cloud to a remote device, for example, a mobile communication device or a home computer unit of a user or the ball striker.
• The coordinatetransformation module14 in theelectronic device100 inFIG. 1 is used for “sensor frame-earth frame” coordinate transformation. As shown inFIG. 2, agolf ball striker20 holds agolf club22 in hand, while asensing device24 is disposed on thegolf club22. Thesensing device24 may be fixed on thegolf club22. For example, as shown inFIG. 11A, a detachableconical sleeve ring111A slides over agolf club110A, and then abolt113A for connecting asensing device112A is screwed in a screw-hole of thesleeve ring111A (however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto). Thesleeve ring111A may be, but is not limited to, a rubber sleeve ring. On the other hand, thesensing device112A may also combine with abolt113A and be screwed in the screw-hole positioned on top of thegolf club110A as shown inFIG. 11A-1. Further, as shown inFIG. 11B, onesleeve ring111B having agroove113B is sleeved over agolf club110B (in this embodiment, it is shown that thesleeve ring111B is located below the grip position of a ball striker), a thin-type sensing device112B (for example, in a form of a card) may be inserted in thegroove113B of thesleeve ring111B and be fixed by thesleeve ring111B. Thesleeve ring111B may be, but is not limited to, a rubber sleeve ring. In another embodiment shown inFIG. 11C, it is shown that thesleeve ring111B is located above the grip position of a ball striker. Thesensing device24 shown inFIG. 2 may also be inserted inside thegolf club22. As shown in
• FIG. 11D, thegolf club110C may adopt a two-section design, so that a user or the ball striker may detach thegolf club110C into two sections (110C,110C′) and insert thesensing device112C or112C′ into the gold club.FIG. 11A toFIG. 11C show that a golf club (110A,110B) may be combined with the sensing device (112A,112B) without a special customization process.
• As sensor information, for example, an acceleration value and a swing trajectory required for the process of determining a swing result is based on the reference of the earth frame, and thesensing device24 may be unable to be precisely placed along the direction of the club. Therefore, coordinate transformation between a sensor frame and the earth frame is required. A ball striker first keeps still for several seconds during the preparation for a take-away movement, so that the gravity sensor and the magnetic sensor in thesensing device24 are able to measure the current gravity and magnetic force and returns the current gravity and magnetic force to the framework. As shown inFIG. 2, thesensing device24 first establishes a sensor frame on thegolf club22, and the basis of the sensor frame during the take-away preparation movement is S={s_x, s_y, s_z}, where the X-axis direction points to theball striker20 along the club, the Y-axis direction is the target line, and the Z-axis direction is the vector product direction of the X-axis and the Y-axis. The framework, according to the information of gravity and magnetic force, defines the earth frame as follows: the basis of the earth frame is E={e_x,e_y,e_z}, and defines that e_xpointing to the north, e_ypointing to the east, and e_zpointing to the ground. To express the basis of the earth frame using the basis of the sensor frame:
• ${\left[e_x\right]}_s={\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 0\\ 0\end{array}\right]}_{e:s}=\frac{\stackrel{->}{M}}{\stackrel{->}{M}},{\left[e_z\right]}_s={\left[\begin{array}{c}0\\ 0\\ 1\end{array}\right]}_{e:s}=-\frac{\stackrel{->}{g}}{\stackrel{->}{g}},{\left[e_y\right]}_s={\left[\begin{array}{c}0\\ 1\\ 0\end{array}\right]}_{e:s}=-\frac{\stackrel{->}{g}\times \stackrel{->}{M}}{\stackrel{->}{g}\times \stackrel{->}{M}},,$
• where {right arrow over (M)} and {right arrow over (g)} are the measured magnetic force and gravity acceleration during the take-away preparation movement, respectively. Therefore, it may be obtained that the transformation matrix T_e:sfor transformation from the earth frame into the sensor frame is as follows:
• $T_{e:s}=\left[\frac{\stackrel{->}{M}}{\stackrel{->}{M}}-\frac{\stackrel{->}{g}\times \stackrel{->}{M}}{\stackrel{->}{g}\times \stackrel{->}{M}}-\frac{\stackrel{->}{g}}{\stackrel{->}{g}}\right],\mathrm{so}{\mathrm{that}\left[v\right]}_s={T_{e:s}\left[v\right]}_e,$
• where [v]_sis the sensor frame and [v]_eis the earth frame. The transformation matrix T_s:efor transformation from the sensor frame into the earth frame is:
• 
  T_s:e=T_e:s⁻¹.
• By adopting the following equations, the sensor frame during the take-away preparation movement may be transformed into the earth frame:
• 
  [v]_e=T_e:s⁻¹[v]_s=T_s:e[v]_s.
• In an embodiment, the framework transforms the data returned by the sensor from the sensor frame into the earth frame according to the description below. First, the angular speeds (ω_x,ω_y,ω_z) measured by a gyro sensor in each time of sampling are introduced to obtain a quaternion Q. After the sampling is completed, a sensor frame Q_n:1at the time of the take-away may be obtained through the vector product multiplication of quaternions Q generated at different sampling points. Next, the sensor frame Q_n:1at the time of the take-away is introduced into a corresponding rotation matrix R, and the value of a corresponding acceleration a is taken, so that the acceleration value of the sensor frame at the time of the take-away is obtained. Next, all obtained acceleration values of the sensor frame of the sampling points at the time of the take-away are taken into the transformation matrix T_e:sto obtain the acceleration transformed into the “earth frame”. The computation equation is as follows:
• it is assumed that the sampling rate is 1/Δt,
• so that
• 
  ω=(ω_x, ω_y, ω_z), ∥ω∥=√{square root over (ω_x²+ω_y²+ω_z²)}, θ=∥ω∥Δt,
• and the rotation is expressed through a quaternion as follows:
• $Q\equiv \left[\begin{array}{c}{q}_0\\ q_1\\ q_2\\ q_3\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}\cos \frac{\theta }{2}\\ \left(\sin \frac{\theta }{2}\right)\frac{{\omega }_x}{\omega }\\ \left(\sin \frac{\theta }{2}\right)\frac{{\omega }_y}{\omega }\\ \left(\sin \frac{\theta }{2}\right)\frac{{\omega }_z}{\omega }\end{array}\right].$
• It may be derived from the quaternion that the rotation matrix R is as follows:
• $R=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}{q}_0^2+q_1^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3^2& 2\left(-q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3+q_1q_2\right)& 2\left(q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2+q_1q_3\right)\\ 2\left(q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3+q_1q_2\right)& q_0^2-q_1^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3^2& 2\left(q_0q_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2q_3\right)\\ 2\left(-q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2+q_1q_3\right)& 2\left(q_0q_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2q_3\right)& q_0^2-q_1^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3^2\end{array}\right]$
• and q₀²+q₁²+q₂²+q₃²=1, and R may be simplified into:
• $R=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1-2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2^2-2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3^2& 2\left(-q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3+q_1q_2\right)& 2\left(q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2+q_1q_3\right)\\ 2\left(q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3+q_1q_2\right)& 1-2q_1^2-2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00006.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_3^2& 2\left(q_0q_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2q_3\right)\\ 2\left(-q_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2+q_1q_3\right)& 2\left(q_0q_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2q_3\right)& 1-2q_1^2-2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; label="q"\; filenames="US20140106892A1-20140417-D00004.png,US20140106892A1-20140417-D00005.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2^2\end{array}\right].$
• Q_nis expressed as the quaternion of the n^thsampling point in the current sensor frame, the sensor frame at the time of the take-away is the vector product multiplication of the quaternion:
• 
  Q_n:1=Q_n×Q_n−1. . . ×Q₁.
• Q_n:1is introduced into the rotation matrix R to obtain R_n:1, so that the measurement data [v]_snof the sensor at the time of the n^thsampling point is transformed into the data R_n:1[v]_snof the sensor frame at the time of the take-away, and is then transformed into the earth frame through the following equation:
• 
  [v]_e=T_s:e[v]_s=T_s:e(R_n:1[v]_sn)
• The swingresult deduction module16 in theelectronic device100 inFIG. 1 deduces a swing result through different sensor information. Common misplayed shots of golfers include a hook (as shown inFIG. 3A-1), a slice (as shown inFIG. 3A-2), a push (as shown inFIG. 3A-3), a pull (as shown inFIG. 3A-4), a top (not shown), and a duff (not shown). In an embodiment, the swingresult deduction module16 may determine what type of misplayed shot a ball striker has made. The sensor information used by the swingresult deduction module16 includes the acceleration value of the swing movement in the three-axis (X, Y, Z), a downswing trajectory, and the trend of the rotation angle of a club-face along the X-axis of a golf club. The practical method of obtaining the acceleration value of the movement of the golf club in the three-axis (X, Y, Z) is already recorded in the previous paragraphs, which is no longer described here. As shown inFIG. 3B, the downswing trajectory includes three possibilities, outside-in, inside-out, and inside-in. In an embodiment, for the downswing trajectory, acceleration value of the movement of the golf club obtained previously may be integrated twice to calculate a trajectory displacement relative to the take-away position (0,0,0). As the information of time is required for integration, time of the sampling point may also be recorded. In addition, as shown inFIG. 3C-1 andFIG. 3C-2, the angle of the club-face may be approximately divided into an open type and a closed type. Seen from the angle of the ball striker, inFIG. 3C-1, the club-face rotates in the clockwise direction along the X-axis, which is defined as an open club-face; and inFIG. 3C-2, the club-face rotates in the counterclockwise direction along the X-axis, which is defined as a closed club-face. In an embodiment, the swingresult deduction module16 performs integration on the three-axis angular speed of the sensor at each time of the sampling point to obtain a three-axis rotation angle (depending on a ZYX-axis rotation sequence), calculates the rotation angle of the time of the sampling point relative to the angle at the time of the take-away, and observes the variation trend of the angle.
• FIG. 4 shows the determination of the swing result of a duff according to the change of the acceleration value measured by a gravity sensor in an embodiment. InFIG. 4, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is a normalized acceleration value, in which the gravity acceleration (g) is taken as a unit, and the three different lines represent the acceleration values of the movement of the club in the directions of X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively. As can be seen fromFIG. 4, the acceleration value of the X-axis has two obvious surges between the time points of 241 ( 1/100 second) to 421 ( 1/100 second), while the difference between the two peak values is 4 g. When the difference of the X-axis acceleration is greater than one predetermined value, for example, 3.5 g, the swingresult deduction module16 determines that the swing result is duff.
• FIG. 5 shows the determination of the swing result of a top according to the change of the acceleration value according to an embodiment. The representation shown inFIG. 5 and inFIG. 4 is identical. As can be seen fromFIG. 5, the acceleration value in the previously defined target line, that is, the Y-axis direction, shows obvious intense oscillation between time points of 225 ( 1/100 second) and 393 ( 1/100 second), and inFIG. 5 this oscillation is specially enlarged for further explanation. According to the following equation, the variation (σ_y) of the acceleration (g_y) in the target line within one time interval t may be calculated, and when the variation is greater than one specific value, for example, 1.2, the swingresult deduction module16 determines that the swing result is a top.
• ${\sigma }_y=\frac{\sum _{i=0}^{t-1}g_{y,i}-\stackrel{\_}{g}}{t}$
• The trend of the rotation angle of the club-face along the X-axis may be illustrated throughFIG. 6 andFIG. 7.FIG. 6 shows the determination of an open club-face or a closed club-face based on the variation of the rotation angle of the club-face relative to the angle at the take-away in an embodiment. InFIG. 6, the horizontal axis is time, the vertical axis is rotation angle of the club-face relative to the angle at the take-away, and different lines represent different swing records, respectively. A ball striker makes the golf club contact the ball at the 20^thsampling point of the time interval centered at the impact point, so that a local maximum of the vertical axis is generated near this time. As shown inFIG. 6, in an embodiment, before the 20^thsampling point, the rotation angle of the club-face within a large part of time relative to the angle at the take-away is a negative value, and the swingresult deduction module16 determines that the swing result is an open club-face. As shown inFIG. 7, in an embodiment, before the 20^thsampling point, the rotation angle of the club-face within a large part of time relative to the angle at the take-away is a positive value, and the swingresult deduction module16 determines that the swing result is a closed club-face.
• In addition, different downswing trajectories and angles of the club-face may be formed into four different swing results: the combination of downswing trajectory outside-in and the closed club-face make a pull, the combination of downswing trajectory outside-in and the open club-face make a slice, the combination of downswing trajectory inside-out and the closed club-face make a hook, and the combination of downswing trajectory inside-out and the open club-face make a push. Therefore,FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an analysis method for the swingresult deduction module16 to determine a swing result. First, determine whether the acceleration value along the club has at least two regional maximum values (for example, two peaks)801 with a difference greater than a predetermined value; if yes, output a first swing result (the first swing result in this embodiment is a duff); and if no, perform a next determination step. Subsequently, determine whether the variation (σ_y) of the acceleration value (by taking g as a unit) along the target line (Y-axis) within one time interval t after an impact is greater than onespecific value802; if yes, output a second swing result (in this embodiment, the second swing result is a top); and if no, perform a next determination step. Subsequently, determine whether the angle of the club-face is greater than apredetermined value803; if yes, determine whether the movement trajectory of the golf club is inside-out803A; if the conclusion is yes, output a third swing result (in this embodiment, the third swing result is a hook); and if the conclusion is no, output a fourth swing result (in this embodiment, the fourth swing result is a pull). If the angle of the club-face is not greater than a predetermined value, determine whether the trajectory of the golf club is inside-out804; if the conclusion is yes, output a fifth swing result (in this embodiment, the fifth swing result is a push); if the conclusion is no, output a sixth swing result (in this embodiment, the sixth swing result is a slice). Theposture correction module18 in theelectronic device100 inFIG. 1 gives a posture correction advice based on different sensor information.FIG. 9 shows the structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Agolf ball striker90 holds agolf club92 in hand, while asensor94 is disposed near the grip of agolf club92. Thesensor94 may be fixed on thegolf club92, while thegolf club92 is combined withsensor94 without any special processing. Theball striker90 may dispose anothersensor96 at the waist to record the body movement of theball striker90. Thesensor96 may be any portable element having movement sensing and recording functions, for example, a small-size tablet computer or personal mobile phone. The present disclosure is not limited to the placement of onesensor96 on theball striker90, and when theball striker90 wears more sensors, which, for example, may be at the positions such as waist and wrist, more information of human body movement is acquired. Therefore, the advice provided by theposture correction module18 becomes more precise. The sensor(s) transfers the sensor information to anelectronic device98, for example, a computer unit, through wireless channels such as 3G or Wi-Fi, and after “sensor frame-earth frame” coordinate transformation of the sensor information is completed, the transformed information is provided to the swingresult deduction module16 and theposture correction module18 inFIG. 1 for determination or analysis. Theelectronic device98 may further transmit a calculation result to anotherelectronic device99 through a cloud technology. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, theelectronic device98 synchronously transfers data to a home computer, an office computer or a mobile phone of theball striker90 through cloud transmission, so that theball striker90 may watch the swing result and make systematical records at the aforementioned places.
• As there are many causes for a misplayed shot, if the type of the cause fails to be determined, it is impossible to give an effective correction advice. For example, in terms of body movement, there are over10 causes for a hook, which might be related to the gripping of club, stance, center of gravity of the body, wrist turning, over-tight arms, and coordination between the upper body and lower body. In the present disclosure, the sensed movement information from multiple sensors and the causal relationship between body movement and sensed movement information are combined to determine the major cause of an undesirable swing result. SeeFIG. 10, the portions marked with asterisk are the body movement targets to be determined by the swing result deduction and posture correction framework. With the help of the sensed movement information, in an embodiment, the framework may provide a specific body posture correction advice.
• The analysis method used in theposture correction module18 inFIG. 1 is shown inFIG. 10. First, the ball striker self checks whether the position of a ball is in the middle, and whether his or her stance is normal101; if no, the ball striker adjusts accordingly and checks again; and if yes, the next step is performed. The next step is to start a swing until the swing is completed, determine whether the movement trajectory of a golf club is inside-out according to the movement trajectory of the golf club and the occurrence time of themovement trajectory102; if yes, output a first correction advice (in this embodiment, the first correction advice is “the left arm is over-tight”). In addition, according to the movement trajectory of the golf club and the occurrence time thereof, it may also be determined whether the ratio of the back-swing time and the downswing time of the golf club is between 2:1 to 3:1103; if no, output a second correction advice (in this embodiment, the second correction advice is “bad tempo of back-swing and downswing”). During the process of starting swing until a swing is completed, theposture correction module18 may at the same time determine whether the horizontal or vertical displacement of the waist of the user between the position at the take-away and the position at the striking points is too large only according to the displacement amount of the waist of a user and amovement occurrence time104 of the user; and if yes, output a third correction advice (in this embodiment, the third correction advice is “the center of gravity moves laterally or vertically”). During the process of starting swing until a swing is completed, theposture correction module18 may at the same time determine whether the movement of golf club is earlier than the movement of the waist according to the movement trajectory of golf club and the occurrence time of the movement trajectory as well as the displacement amount of the waist of the user and themovement occurrence time105 of the user, if yes, output a fourth correction advice (in this embodiment, the fourth correction advice is “the movement of the upper body is earlier than that of the lower body”); if no, perform a next determination step. In the next determination step, determine whether the rotation angle of club-face is too large by calculating the rotation angle of club-face with reference to thesensor information106, and if yes, output a fifth correction advice (in this embodiment, the fifth correction advice is “the right wrist is over-turned”).
• In combination with the illustration in the last paragraph, the recording of time, the movement trajectory of golf club and the displacement amount of the waist of a user, may be separately or together added in the determination process of theposture correction module18. For example, in the movement trajectory of golf club, the swing motion may be divided into different phases, for example, take-away, back-swing, transition, downswing, follow-through, and completion, to calculate the tempo of back-swing and downswing; the displacement amount of the waist may be used to learn the lateral and vertical movement of the center of gravity. In addition, as a swing result might be affected by more than one movement posture, in an embodiment, sensor information generated by a plurality of sensors are used for deduction. For example, the degree that the left arm is tightly held may be found out through the downswing trajectory; however, it still needs to be determined in advance whether there are influences of ball position and stance; the degree that the right wrist turns may be found out through the rotation angle of the golf club; however, it still needs to be determined in advance whether there is influences of the premature lower body turn.
• Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. For example, many of the processes discussed above can be implemented in different methodologies and replaced by other processes, or a combination thereof.
• Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present disclosure, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.

Claims (29)

What is claimed is:

1. A method for swing result deduction and posture correction, comprising:

performing coordinate transformation between a sensor frame and an earth frame;

outputting a swing result according to at least one piece of sensor information and through a swing result deduction analysis method; and

outputting a correction advice according to at least one piece of sensor information and through a posture correction analysis method.

2. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 1, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method and the posture correction analysis method comprise:

calculating a movement trajectory of a golf club, a movement occurrence time of the golf club, and a acceleration value of the movement of the golf club;

calculating a rotation angle of a club-face; and

calculating a displacement amount of the waist of a user and a movement occurrence time of the user.

3. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 2, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method comprises:

determining whether an acceleration value along the club has at least two regional maximum values with a difference between the two regional maximum values greater than a predetermined value, and outputting a first swing result.

4. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 3, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method further comprises:

determining whether a variation of an acceleration value along a target line within a specific time interval after an impact is greater than one specific value, and outputting a second swing result.

5. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 4, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method further comprises:

determining whether an angle of the club-face is greater than a predetermined value, if yes, determining whether the movement trajectory of the golf club is inside-out; if yes, outputting a third swing result; and if no, outputting a fourth swing result;

if no, determining whether the movement trajectory of the golf club is inside-out; if yes, outputting a fifth swing result; and if no, outputting a sixth swing result.

6. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 2, wherein the posture correction analysis method comprises:

according to the movement trajectory of the golf club and the movement occurrence time, determining whether the movement trajectory of the golf club is inside-out, if yes, outputting a first correction advice.

7. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 2, wherein the posture correction analysis method comprises:

according to the movement trajectory of the golf club and the movement occurrence time of the golf club, determining whether the ratio of the back-swing time and the downswing time of the golf club is between 2:1 and 3:1, and if no, outputting a second correction advice.

8. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 2, wherein the posture correction analysis method comprises:

according to the displacement amount of the waist of the user and the movement occurrence time of the user, determining whether horizontal or vertical displacement of the waist of the user between the position at the take-away and the position at the striking point is greater than a predetermined value, and if yes, outputting a third correction advice.

9. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 2, wherein the posture correction analysis method comprises:

according to the movement trajectory of the golf club and the movement occurrence time of the golf club, and the displacement amount of the waist of the user and the movement occurrence time of the user, determining whether the movement of the golf club is earlier than the movement of the waist, and outputting a fourth correction advice.

10. The method for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 9, wherein the posture correction analysis method further comprises:

determining whether the rotation angle of the club-face is greater than a predetermined value, and if yes, outputting a fifth correction advice.

11. An electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction, capable of receiving sensor information generated by at least one sensor, and comprising:

a memory; and

a processor, comprising:

a coordinate transformation module, used for performing coordinate transformation between the coordinates of the at least one sensor and an earth frame;

a swing result deduction module, used for outputting a swing result according to the sensor information generated by the at least one sensor and through a swing result deduction analysis method; and

a posture correction module, used for outputting a correction advice according to the sensor information generated by the at least one sensor and through a posture correction analysis method.

12. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 11, wherein the processor further comprises a wireless module, used for receiving the sensor information.

13. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 11, wherein the information output by the swing result deduction module and the posture correction module comprises:

a movement trajectory of a golf club, a movement occurrence time of the golf club, an acceleration value of the movement of the golf club, a rotation angle of a club-face, the ratio between a back-swing time and a downswing time of the golf club, a displacement amount of the waist of a user and a movement occurrence time of the user, horizontal or vertical displacement of the waist of the user between the position at the take-away and the position at the striking point.

14. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method outputs a first swing result according to the sensor information that an acceleration value along the club has at least two regional maximum values with a difference between the at least two regional maximum values greater than a predetermined value.

15. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method outputs a second swing result according to the sensor information that a variation of an acceleration value in a target line is greater than one specific value within a specific time interval after an impact.

16. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the swing result deduction analysis method outputs one of the following: a third swing result, a fourth swing result, a fifth swing result, and a sixth swing result according to the sensor information of an angle of the club-face and the movement trajectory of the golf club.

17. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the sensor is combined with the golf club in a manner of an appendage outside the golf club or inside the golf club.

18. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the posture correction analysis method outputs a first correction advice according to the sensor information of the movement trajectory of the golf club, the movement occurrence time of the golf club, and the downswing trajectory is inside-out.

19. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the posture correction analysis method outputs a second correction advice according to the sensor information of the movement trajectory of the golf club, the movement occurrence time of the golf club, and the ratio of the back-swing time and the downswing time of the golf club.

20. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the posture correction analysis method outputs a third correction advice according to the sensor information of the displacement amount of the waist of the user, the movement occurrence time of the user, and the horizontal or vertical displacement of the waist of the user between the position at the take-away and the position at the striking point.

21. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 13, wherein the posture correction analysis method outputs a fourth correction advice according to the sensor information that the movement of the golf club is earlier than the movement of the waist.

22. The electronic device for swing result deduction and posture correction according toclaim 21, wherein the posture correction analysis method outputs a fifth correction advice according to the sensor information that the rotation angle of the club-face is greater than a predetermined value.

23. A golf assembly, comprising:

a golf club; and

a sensing device, comprising at least a gyro sensor, a gravity sensor, and a magnetic sensor,

wherein the sensing device is combined with the golf club in a manner of an appendage outside the golf club or an insertion inside the golf club.

24. The golf assembly according toclaim 23, further comprising an electronic device as inclaim 11.

25. The golf assembly according toclaim 23, wherein the sensing device is screwed to a detachable sleeve ring jacketed on the golf club.

26. The golf assembly according toclaim 23, wherein the sensing device is screwed to the golf club.

27. The golf assembly according toclaim 23, wherein the sensing device is inserted in the groove of a sleeve ring jacketed on the golf club.

28. The golf assembly according toclaim 26, wherein the sleeve ring is located below or above a grip position.

29. The golf assembly according toclaim 23, wherein the sensing device is fixated at the interior surface of the golf club.

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