US20110145095A1 - Order Fulfillment Method - Google Patents

Abstract

A business-to-business transaction clearinghouse integrates the traditional point-to-point business supply chain at the clearinghouse. The clearinghouse provides cost effective access to a wide variety of members and includes value-added services. Members of the clearinghouse can include trading members, members that help the trading members ship their products, and banking members. The clearinghouse facilitates business among the trading members by providing a single point of contact for all transactions. The clearinghouse can be specific to an industry, such as the chemical industry. Multiple industry specific clearinghouses may form a network clearinghouses to effectively create one larger and more general business-to-business electronic commerce community.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• 1. Field of the Invention
• The present invention relates generally to electronic commerce, and more specifically, to business-to-business electronic commerce.
• 2. Description of Related Art
• In the business world, transaction costs associated with the buying and selling of products and raw materials can be significant. A single sale often requires a number of communications between the purchasing and selling entities, each requiring employee time to process, record, and approve the communications.
• As an example of a typical business transaction, consider the situation in which a first company wishes to purchase a quantity of chemicals from a chemical supplier. A typical supply chain process for this type of transaction is illustrated inFIG. 1. The supply chain includes a number of component transactions between thepurchasing company101 and itssupplier102. These component transactions and an example of the documents associated with them are listed inbox103. Supportingthird party services105, such as banking and shipping services, are also involved in the transaction.
• Thepurchasing company101 may begin by making inquiries of its current suppliers to determine which one can supply the chemicals at the best price. This step often entails a lengthy request for proposal (RFP) process and many purchaser-supplier visits. The supplier and the purchaser agree on the specifications of the desired chemical and on the handling of any regulatory requirements. A purchase order is then issued by the purchasing company to officially place the order. The purchase order is processed and acknowledged by the supplier.
• Actually shipping the chemical may involve a significant logistical effort. For example, a third party shipping company is selected, and in connection with shipping the chemicals, a shipping note and a bill of lading are generated and given to the shipping company. Additional documents such as a certificate of analysis, which verifies that the purchased chemicals are the ones ordered, and a material safety data sheet, which includes handling and safety information for the chemical, may also be generated by the supplier and transmitted to the purchaser.
• Arrival of the chemicals at the purchaser triggers the creation of additional documents, such as a delivery receipt, an invoice, and eventually, payment by the purchasing company to the supplier for the delivered chemicals. The conventional supply chain process: can thus be cumbersome, labor intensive, and relatively expensive.
• A network of purchasers and suppliers such as those illustrated above can be conceptualized as a point-to-point network of trading entities. Such a network is illustrated graphically inFIG. 2. Eachtrading entity201 communicates directly with other entities in the network viacommunication lines202.Communication lines202 represent, for example, communication by phone, facsimile, mail, or EDI messages (described below).
• In an effort to automate records relating to purchasing and selling, many companies use enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. ERP refers to a broad set of activities supported by multi-module application software that help a business manage the important parts of its operations, including product planning, parts purchasing, maintaining inventories, interacting with suppliers, providing customer service, and tracking orders. An ERP system can also include application modules for the finance and human resources aspects of a business.
• Although an ERP may help to automate a company internally, ERP systems of various companies are often not compatible with one another. Accordingly, documents that are to be exchanged with outside companies are often printed as hard copies, transmitted to the other company overcommunication lines202 in the form of, for example, a facsimile, and manually entered in the other companies ERP system. Thus, although purchasers and suppliers may be automated internally, their systems are usually isolated from an ability to communicate with each other. Thus, despite automation at both companies, a “manual gulf” overcommunication lines202 still exists between companies. Companies traverse the gulf between systems by manual processes such as mail, email, fax meetings, and phone calls.
• One attempt to take advantage of computerized ERP systems and to eliminate the manual gulf between companies is the electronic data interchange (EDI) protocol, which is a standard format for exchanging business commerce data. In an EDI exchange, automated systems, such as ERP systems at two ofentities201, exchange EDI messages overcommunication lines202. An EDI message contains a string of data elements, each of which represents a singular fact, such as a price, product model number, and so forth, separated by delimiters. The entire string is called a data segment. One or more data segments framed by a header and trailer form a transaction set, which is the EDI unit of transmission (equivalent to a message). A transaction set often consists of what would usually be contained in a typical business document or form, such as a purchase order. The EDI standard is available from the Data Interchange Standards Association, of Virginia.
• EDI, however, has not been widely adopted. It has proven to be relatively expensive to install and maintain, particularly for small companies. Further, as illustrated inFIG. 2, EDI only provides point-to-point automation and does nothing for integrating suppliers and customers in a business community. As a result, EDI is presently only used by a small fraction of the companies involved in business to business commerce.
• Thus, there is a need in the art to automate the supply chain of businesses in a way that is both efficient and widely available to a large number of member companies.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• Systems and methods consistent with the principles of the present invention address the needs identified above by integrating the traditional point-to-point business supply chain at a clearinghouse.
• More particularly, one aspect of the present invention is directed to a system for facilitating business-to-business transactions. The system comprises a network coupled to a plurality of member businesses and a clearinghouse computer server, The clearinghouse is associated with the members and coupled to the members through the network. The clearinghouse receives and forwards electronic messages transmitted between at least two of the plurality of members, the messages corresponding to communications in a business-to-business transaction that relate to initiation of the transaction, and at least one of order fulfillment for the transaction and payment processing for the transaction.
• A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a computer network comprising a plurality of trading members, at least one banking member, at least one shipping member, and a clearinghouse. The clearinghouse is coupled to the trading members, the banking member, and the shipping member. Communications between the trading members, banking members, and shipping members is routed through the clearinghouse, and the clearinghouse includes software components for managing the services provided by the banking and shipping members to the trading members.
• Another aspect of the present invention is a method that includes generating messages relating to business-to-business commerce transactions at an enterprise resource planning computer system, including generating messages relating to the management of supply chain activities of a company, the messages corresponding to communications in a business-to-business transaction. The method further includes converting the messages generated by the enterprise resource planning computer system into extensible markup language (XML) messages and transmitting the converted messages over the. Internet to a clearinghouse that processes the converted messages and provides services related to order fulfillment for the transaction and payment processing for the transaction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several embodiments consistent with this invention and, together with the description, help explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings,
• FIG. 1 is a diagram of a typical supply chain process in a business-to-business transaction;
• FIG. 2 is a graphical illustration of a conventional point-to-point network of purchasers and suppliers;
• FIG. 3A is a high level diagram illustrating a network of trading members connected to a clearinghouse in a manner consistent with the present invention;
• FIG. 3B is a diagram conceptually illustrating the functional relationship of the trading members and the clearinghouse;
• FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a hardware implementation for the clearinghouse;
• FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the interaction of the clearinghouse with various exemplary trading members of the network;
• FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating exemplary services performed by the clearinghouse shown inFIGS. 3-5;
• FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary business-to-business transaction between members in the clearinghouse network; and
• FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a network of a plurality industry specific clearinghouses.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings that illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments are possible and modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed description is not meant to limit the invention. Rather the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
• As described herein, a business-to-business transaction clearinghouse integrates the traditional point-to-point business supply chain at the clearinghouse. The clearinghouse provides cost effective access to a wide variety of member computer systems and includes value-added services. The clearinghouse facilitates business among trading partners by providing a single point of contact for all transactions. Any member of the clearinghouse can conduct business with any other member by sending the transaction through the clearinghouse.
Clearinghouse Architecture and Implementation
• FIG. 3A is a high level diagram illustrating a network of trading members connected to a clearinghouse in a manner consistent with the present invention.Trading members301 may be any company or other entity wishing to trade usingclearinghouse302.Clearinghouse302 is connected to each ofmembers301 vianetwork305, such as the Internet. The interaction ofmembers301 with each other and withclearinghouse302 is described in more detail below.
• FIG. 3B is a diagram conceptually illustrating the functional relationship ofclearinghouse302 withtrading members301. As shown,clearinghouse302 functions as an intermediary for communications betweentrading members301. In contrast to the point-to-point network shown inFIG. 2, each oftrading members301 only has to be configured to communicate with a single entity—clearinghouse302.
• FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary hardware implementation forclearinghouse302.Clearinghouse302 may generally be implemented as a server computer system including one ormore processors410 operatively coupled to computer memories411.Processors410 executes program instructions stored in computer memories411. Information destined for external systems connected to network305 (such as trading members301), may be transmitted to network305 bynetwork router412.
• Processors410 may either accept program instructions from a computer storage device (e.g., optical or magnetic disk) or fromnetwork305. BIOS code (i.e., computer instructions) causing the system to implement the disclosed techniques may be programmed into a non-volatile portion of computer memory411. The BIOS may be programmed when the system is manufactured or may be later delivered via a computer readable medium.
• Processors410 can be any of a number of well known computer processors, such as processors from Intel Corporation, of Santa Clara, Calif. More generally,clearinghouse302 may be implemented using any of well known computing platforms designed to interact with devices on the network.
• FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the interaction ofclearinghouse302 with variousexemplary trading members501,502, and503. Assume trading member501 is a corporation with a previously installed ERP system that includes the ability to use EDI.Trading member502 is a smaller supplier and does not have an ERP system or EDI capability. Trading member503 is a third party service provider such as a bank or a shipping company; assume they use an ERP system but do not have EDI capability.
• To facilitate cost effective and universal communication withclearinghouse302,clearinghouse302 preferably communicates with each of trading members501-503 using a common standard such as the XML standard. XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a well known descriptive language that allows for the transmission of information, over intranets or the Internet, that includes both formatting information and information describing the data. In comparison to EDI, XML is generally considered to be easier to learn and program and requires the user to invest less in computer hardware.
• Because trading member501 may already have invested significantly in an ERP system and in EDI processing,clearinghouse302 interacts with member501 without requiring member501 to revamp its existing computing infrastructure. Instead,translation server510 is connected to ERP/EDI computer system(s)511 of member501.Translation server510 translates EDI or member proprietary messages received from computer system511 into XML and forwards the XML data toclearinghouse302. Similarly,translation server510 converts XML data received fromclearinghouse502 to a form understandable by computer511.Translation server510 is customized to operate with ERP/EDI computer system(s)511. In this manner, by usingtranslation servers510 to convert supply chain information from a member specific format to a format understood byclearinghouse302, multiple trading members with disparate computer systems can all communicate with one another simply by installing a single translation server.
• Computer systems that convert EDI messages to XML data are known in the art. One such system is available from XMLSolutions Corporation, of McLean, Va.
• Alternatively, the trading member's internal computer system511 may be originally designed to operate using the message format ofclearinghouse302. In this situation,translation server510 would not be necessary. Additionally, as one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, althoughtranslation server510 is illustrated as a stand alone computer server, it could equivalently be implemented as software in the member's computer system511.
• In contrast to trading member501,trading member502 does not have an automated transaction processing system. However,trading member502 may still communicate withclearinghouse302 using a web browser515. As previously mentioned, information transmitted in XML can include both formatting information and descriptive information describing the data. The formatting information allows web browser515 to display the contents of the XML document. XML documents may be interactive, allowingtrading member502 to input and transmit information toclearinghouse302.
• Member503 connects toclearinghouse302 in a manner similar to trading member501. A translation server520 converts information from the members ERP system521 and interfaces ERP521 withclearinghouse302.Web browser522 may concurrently be used bymember502 to interact withclearinghouse302. In particular, translation server520 may forward, information relating to functionality not implemented in ERP521 toweb browser522.
Clearinghouse Services
• Clearinghouse302 provides a number of electronic commerce services to its members. These services are implemented by software running atclearinghouse302.FIG. 6 is a diagram graphically illustrating examples of some of the services thatclearinghouse302 may implement The illustrated services include:
• A. Order Processing (component601)
• B. Supplier Managed Inventory (SMI) Services (component602)
• C. Shipment Tracking (component603)
• D. Banking/Billing (component604)
• E. Business Intelligence (component605)
• F. Product Catalogs (component606)
• G. Logistics Procurement (component607)
• H. Regulatory Reporting (component608)
• I. Product Auctions (component609)
• J. Industry News (component610)
• Trading members may select a combination of these services to provide an optimized solution for their particular situation. For example, one member may initially decide to use only the shipment tracking functions while another member uses order processing, shipment tracking, and business intelligence.
• The services provided by theclearinghouse302 may be integrated so that the more services a member uses, the greater the value. For example, if a member uses both order processing and shipment tracking, the member may be able to link directly from the order to shipment tracking information.
• Each of the services shown inFIG. 6 will now be discussed in more detail.
A.Order Processing Component601
• Order processing component601 automates the processing of documents traditionally associated with commercial purchases by storing and forwarding electronic versions of these documents to the network members. A non-exhaustive list of the documents processed byorder processing component601 include: (1) order inquiries, (2) purchase orders, (3) blanket purchase orders, (4) scheduling agreements, (5) order acknowledgements, (5) shipping notices, (6) bills of lading, (7) delivery receipts, (8) invoices, and (9) invoice payments. Other industry specific documents may also be processed by theorder processing component601. For example, in the chemical industry, documents such as certificates of analysis and material safety data sheets may also be transmitted between the parties throughclearinghouse302.
• An exemplary transaction will now be described with reference toFIG. 7. As shown, tradingmembers701 and702, each having internal ERPs705 and706, andtranslation servers707 and708, are connected toclearinghouse302.Member702, in addition to ERP system706, uses anEDI system709.Members701 and702 may also have other specialized hardware or software, such asMSDS computer715, on which material safety data sheets are stored, or laboratory information management system (LIMS)716, at which laboratory related research or analysis software executes. Companies that provide third party support, such as abank703 and a shipping and logistics company704, are also members in the network.
• Assume that trading member701 (the customer), wishes to purchase100 gallons of a chemical from member702 (the supplier). Trading member701 enters the information for a purchase order for the chemicals into ERP705, which generates the purchase order and transmits it to translation server707 (Step1). Theclearinghouse302 receives the order, reads the supplier information and sends the order tomember702. Atmember702, the purchase order is translated into an EDI message bytranslation server708 and then forwarded to the supplier'sEDI system709 and ERP706.
• Member702, upon accepting the order, sends an order acknowledgement message (ORAK) back through the clearinghouse to member701 (Step2). If a material safety data sheet (MSDS) is required for the order, it may also be similarly sent through clearinghouse302 (Step3). If ERP705 is not configured to handle MSDSs, it may be stored at analternate computer715 or viewed viaweb browser716.
• On the shipping date,member702 sends a shipping notice to member701 through clearinghouse302 (Step4). The shipping notice may be automatically generated by ERP706 when it receives input indicating shipment of the order. With the shipping notice, documents such as the certificate of analysis, (Step5), and the invoice, (Step6), may also be sent.
B. Supplier Managed Inventory (SMI) Services (Component602)
• In general, SMI services refer to a suppliers monitoring of the inventory of its customer, and automatically shipping products to the customer as the inventory is depleted.Clearinghouse302 facilitates these functions by providing customers the ability to automatically transmit the necessary inventory information from its ERP system to the clearinghouse and/or the supplier. Trading members who previously had an in-house SMI system can fully automate the transfer of SMI related data to their suppliers.
• As an example of an SMI system, assume that trading member702 (the supplier) provides SMI services to trading member701 (the customer). Members701 and/or702 may begin by setting up an account for member701 at theclearinghouse302 by providing the SMI component602 with the initial account information, such as the products being managed, the locations of the products, the minimum order quantity, and the product reorder criteria (e.g., the inventory depletion level at which to reorder product). Member701 periodically updates SMI component602 with SMI related data such as inventory information and inventory forecasts. When the updated information provided by member701 meets the reorder criteria set in SMI component602 (e.g., the actual inventory level is below the reorder point), SMI component602 transmits a purchase order tomember702.Member702 may then fill the order.
• By locating the SMI functionality at theclearinghouse302, the customer's inventory information does not need to be transmitted to the supplier. Accordingly, becauseclearinghouse302 is a trusted third party, customers may feel more secure that their confidential inventory related information is not compromised.
• As an alternative implementation of SMI component602, instead of notifying the supplier when it is time to resupply product, SMI component602 may simply pass the inventory data to the supplier. In this implementation, the supplier decides, based on the received invoice information, when to resupply the product.
C. Shipment Tracking (Component603)
• Multiple shipping and logistics companies may provide shipping services to members ofclearinghouse302.Shipment tracking component603 communicates with these companies to allow members to track the shipment of their products. Shipment information can be provided byshipment tracking component603 to the members by, for example, requiring the shipping companies, such as shipping member704, to periodically update shipment information stored incomponent603. If a shipment is falling behind schedule,shipment tracking component603 may automatically send a message informing the appropriate trading member of the tardiness of the shipment.
• Alternatively,shipment tracking component603 may wait for shipment tracking requests from a trading member, such, as member701, before requesting the shipment tracking information from shipping member704.
• Trading members using theorder processing component601 ofclearinghouse302 may preferably check the shipment status from any order-related document. If they do not use the order processing component, they may be assigned a shipment tracking number used to queryshipment tracking component603.
D. Banking/Billing (Component604)
• In addition to the trading members and the shipping and logistics companies, companies in banking related businesses may join the clearinghouse network and provide members integrated banking related services. For example, invoices sent by one member may be automatically copied bybanking component604 to the banking member used by the receiver of the invoice. This is illustrated graphically inFIG. 7, in which the invoice from member702 (step5), is transmitted throughclearinghouse302 to both trading member701 andbanking member703. At trading member's701 instruction,banking member703 may electronically pay trading member702 (Step7).
• A number of value added services may be offered by the member banks. A non-exhaustive list of such services include:
• (1) Summary invoicing.Banking member703 may prepare summary invoices, such as a monthly summary invoice, for its members.
• (2) Consolidation of transactions. A member's transactions over a period may be consolidated. The member would then receive one payment (or debit) representing the net of its sales and its purchases in the network.
• (3) Purchase of receivables. Banking members may buy account receivables from members that do not wish to carry their receivables. Multiple banking members may bid for the account receivables of the trading member. Because information related to the invoice and payment record of vendors is processed byclearinghouse302, banking members bidding for account receivables can form intelligent estimates of the value of the receivables. For example, if a banking member knows that all the vendors in a particular member's account receivables have a good credit history, the bank may be willing to bid close to the nominal face value of the receivables.
• (4) Automated Payments. All payments made by banking members from one member of the network to another member may be made on the specific day specified by the member.
• (5) Credit Checks on Customers.
• In summary, integrating banks, such asbanking member703, intoclearinghouse302, provides trading members the ability to electronically pay and receive payment notifications through their existing computer systems. Moreover, the banking members can use the integration provided by the clearinghouse to provide value added services to the trading members.
E. Business Intelligence (Component605)
• By virtue of its position as a hub of the electronic commerce activities of its members,clearinghouse302 contains a significant amount of information that may be useful to its members. For example, the average selling price of a certain chemical may be a valuable piece of information to members that buy and sell that chemical.
• Business intelligence component605 mines aggregate data relating to electronic commerce through the clearinghouse. Such data may include price information, service guidelines, information on new markets, and industry information (e.g., total sales of product groups by region). Additionally, access to industry information such as pricing models, price-volume elasticity curves, and regional use information may also be provided by business intelligence component605. In general, any information or aggregation of information passing throughclearinghouse302 may be mined by business intelligence component605 and provided to the network members. One restricting factor on the information provided to the members is the practical limitation of not divulging confidential or proprietary information.
• Two areas in which intelligently mined aggregated data may be particularly useful to members ofclearinghouse302 include supply chain sourcing scorecards and company specific business/market data.
• Supply chain scorecards relate to member feedback regarding the performance of the members. Scorecard information provided by business intelligence component605 may include information such as: (1) integrated supply chain data, (2) order product/service quality metrics, (3) order to arrival on-time reporting (i.e., member feedback relating to whether orders from the member tend to arrive on time), and (4) customer-supplier non-conformance process and systems (i.e., member feedback relating to whether members conform to the agreed terms of their transactions).
• Further, business intelligence component605 may provide members access to their own transactions. The members may use such information by periodically importing it into an in-house business intelligence system. Members without such an in-house system may view the information from business intelligence component605 through a web browser.
F. Product Catalog (Component606)
• Product catalog component606 implements a searchable catalog of products being sold by the trading members. In particular,product catalog component606 stores product information uploaded by the trading members. Information inproduct catalog606 may then be searched by other members of the network.
• Catalog searches throughcatalog component606 may be viewed by the trading members through an interface such as a web browser or after translation by a translation server, at the members ERP system or other member computer system.
G. Logistics Procurement (Component607)
• Logistics procurement component607 assists members in finding the best shipping company and shipping method for any particular transaction. Shipping members704 may updateprocurement component607 with their rates and with the availability of their shipping lines. The trading members can then useprocurement component607 to compare shipping costs and delivery schedules of competing shippers to find the best match for each shipment. Shipping members704 benefit fromprocurement component607 by having a large and easily accessible market for their services.
• As an alternative to the shipping members704 pre-entering their shipping rates intoprocurement component607, the shipping members may view shipment requests input by trading members and in response submit shipment proposals to the trading members.
H. Regulatory Reporting (Component608)
• Certain industries, such as the chemical industry, are highly regulated by federal and state agencies. Laws, such as the Clean Air Act or the Toxic Substance Control Act, or regulations promulgated by agencies acting pursuant to a law, may require complying companies to file periodic (e.g., daily, weekly, or monthly) or event specific reports with the agencies. For example, the EPA or other agencies may require reports relating to the volume of certain chemicals sold, bio-accumulation, exposure indexes, community right to known issues, emission credit reporting, and product registration.
• Regulatory reporting component608 enables clearinghouse members to efficiently and reliably handle their regulatory reporting obligations. In particular, a member wishing to useregulatory reporting component608 may set up an account inregulatory component608 including information such as when the report should be sent and the information required in the report. To help facilitate this process,regulatory reporting component608 may include a variety of pre-stored templates, each including the basic information necessary for a particular regulatory report.
• After setting up an account, the member simply transmits the information required in the report toclearinghouse302, either automatically from the ERP or manually from a web browser. Atclearinghouse302,regulatory reporting component608 saves the information, and when appropriate, generates the regulatory report.Clearinghouse302 may then transmit the report to the appropriate regulatory agency.
I. Product Auctions (Component609)
• As previously described,clearinghouse302 helps to initiate transactions between trading members by providing a universal infrastructure through which buyers can communicate with their suppliers.Product catalog component606 further facilitates the initiation of transactions by providing an electronic catalog of products.Product auction component609 gives buyers and sellers another option to initiate transactions.
• Throughauction component609, sellers may put products up for auction. In particular,auction component609 allows sellers to input information relating to the product they wish to sell, and allows buyers to input bids on these products. One of the benefits ofauction component609 is that it gives sellers the opportunity to quickly sell excess capacity, thus helping them to optimize their capacity schedules.
J. Industry News (Component610)
• In addition to facilitating efficient transactions between members,clearinghouse302 may function as an industry specific portal through which members may receive or generate industry related news and information. For example, content stored byindustry news component610 may be transmitted to members at their request and viewed at a web browser.
• As described above,clearinghouse302 integrates a variety of members, possibly each using disparate computer systems, into a single business community. The clearinghouse assists in the matching of buyers and sellers, order fulfillment, and payment processing.Clearinghouse302 functions to automate the cumbersome supply chain traditionally followed by businesses and provides value added services to its members.
• One implementation ofclearinghouse302 is a clearinghouse specific to the chemical industry. In this situation, functions unique to the chemical industry such as transmitting certificates of analysis and material safety data sheets (MSDS), are provided by the clearinghouse. A more general clearinghouse, a clearinghouse specific to other industries, or a network of industry specific clearinghouses, may also be implemented.
• FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a network of industry specific clearinghouses801 (chemical industry),802 (auto industry),803 (aerospace industry), and804 (other industry), and their respective trading members811-814. Clearinghouses801-804 are linked to one other to allow members of one clearinghouse to participate in transactions with members of another clearinghouse. For example,members812 ofauto industry clearinghouse802 may at times wish to purchase products from chemical companies. Accordingly, by linkingclearinghouse801 and802, one ofmembers812 may purchase chemicals from one of members811. Procedures specific to the chemical industry, such as the transmission of a material safety data sheet, would be handled by chemical clearinghouse801.
• It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments as described above may be implemented in many different embodiments of software, firmware, and hardware in the entities illustrated in the figures. The actual software code or specialized control hardware used to implement the present invention is not limiting of the present invention. Thus, the operation and behavior of the embodiments were described without specific reference to the specific software code or specialized hardware components, it being understood that a person of ordinary skill in the art would be able to design software and control hardware to implement the embodiments based on the description herein.
• The foregoing description of preferred embodiments of the present invention provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible consistent with the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (26)

1-30. (canceled)

31. A method comprising:

generating messages relating to business-to-business commerce transactions at an enterprise resource planning computer system, including generating messages corresponding to the management of supply chain activities of a company, the messages corresponding to communications in a business-to-business transaction;

converting the messages generated by the enterprise resource planning computer system into extensible markup language (XML) messages;

transmitting the converted messages over the internet to a clearing house that processes the converted messages and provides services related to order fulfillment for the transaction.

32. The method ofclaim 31, wherein the services related to order fulfillment include receiving shipment proposals from shipping companies for the transaction.

33. The method ofclaim 67, wherein the services related to payment processing include the generation of a summary invoice of multiple transactions.

34. The method ofclaim 67, wherein the services related to payment processing include the purchase of account receivables.

35-51. (canceled)

52. A method comprising:

providing purchase order information to an enterprise resource planning computer system (ERP) of a purchaser to generate a purchase order directed to a supplier;

converting the purchase order into an extensible markup language (XML) message;

transmitting the purchase order to a business-to-business transaction clearinghouse linked to a plurality of supplier and customer trading members including the supplier for the transaction, wherein the clearinghouse relays XML messages related to order fulfillment for transactions between the supplier and purchasing trading members, wherein the relayed messages comprise purchase orders, order acknowledgements, shipment notices, invoices, and certificates of analysis.

53. An order fulfillment method comprising:

receiving a purchase order over the internet from a customer through a business-to-business transaction clearinghouse linked to a plurality of supplier and purchasing trading members including the customer originating the purchase order and the supplier receiving the purchase order, wherein the clearinghouse automatically relays messages related to order fulfillment for transactions between the supplier trading members and the purchasing trading members;

automatically providing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) computer system with information from the purchase order;

generating messages relating to the purchase order at the ERP computer system;

transmitting the generated messages over the internet to the clearinghouse for automatic relay to the customer.

54. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 53, comprising accepting the order and sending an order acknowledgement message through the clearinghouse to the customer.

55. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 54, comprising sending a material safety data sheet through the clearinghouse to the customer.

56. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 53, comprising shipping the order and sending a shipping notice through the clearinghouse to the customer.

57. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 56, wherein the shipping notice is automatically generated by the ERP computer system upon receipt of input indicating shipment of the order.

58. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 56, comprising sending a certificate of analysis through the clearinghouse to the customer.

59. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 58, wherein the certificate of analysis is sent with the shipping notice.

60. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 53, comprising shipping the order and sending an invoice through the clearinghouse to the customer.

61. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 53, comprising converting the messages generated by the ERP computer system into extensible markup language (XML) messages prior to the transmission thereof.

62. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 53, wherein the purchase order is received in an extensible markup language (XML) message, and further comprising converting the XML message into an EDI message and forwarding the EDI message to an EDI system.

63. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 53, further comprising providing the clearinghouse with shipment tracking information related to the order.

64. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 63, wherein the clearinghouse automatically sends the shipment tracking information to the customer.

65. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 63, further comprising updating the shipment tracking information provided to the clearinghouse, wherein the clearinghouse automatically sends the updated shipment tracking information to the customer if the shipment of the product associated with the shipping notice falls behind schedule.

66. The order fulfillment method ofclaim 63, further comprising updating the shipment tracking information provided to the clearinghouse, wherein the clearinghouse automatically sends the updated shipment tracking information to the customer in response to a request.

67. The method ofclaim 31, wherein the clearinghouse further provides services related to payment processing for the transaction.

68. The method ofclaim 31, wherein the services related to order fulfillment include relaying shipment tracking information related to the order.

69. The method ofclaim 68, wherein the clearinghouse automatically sends the shipment tracking information related to the order.

70. The method ofclaim 68, wherein the clearinghouse receives updated shipment tracking information related to the order and automatically relays the updated shipment tracking information to a customer if the shipment falls behind schedule.

71. The method ofclaim 68, wherein the clearinghouse receives updated shipment tracking information related to the order and automatically relays the updated shipment tracking information to a customer in response to a request.

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