US20110029320A1 - System and method for managing a medical procedure site with a tracking device - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for ensuring the correct location/side of a medical procedure is described. The system includes a pointing device, a receiver, and a validater. The pointing device transmits location data to a receiver from several reference points and a planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient. The validater receives medical procedure plan data associated with the patient and compares the medical procedure plan data with the location data to verify the validity of the planned medical procedure site.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS
• The present application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/230,992 filed Aug. 3, 2009.
TECHNICAL FIELD
• Embodiments of the present invention relate to medical devices, and more particularly, to a surgical site identification system.
BACKGROUND
• Wrong side surgeries are increasing every year despite behavioral requirements by operative staff and time out procedures. Surgical sites can be marked by surgeon, patient and surgical nurse and yet mistakes are persistent.
• A need exists for a system for ensuring that surgeries are performed on the correct side of a patient.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a system for identifying a medical procedure site.
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a system for verifying a planned medical procedure site.
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a medical procedure site verification computer system.
• FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a method for verifying a planned medical procedure site on a body of a patient.
• FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating another embodiment of a method for verifying a planned medical procedure site on a body of a patient.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• Described herein is a system for verifying a medical procedure site or surgical location for ensuring medical procedure on a correct side of a body of a patient. The system includes a pointing device, a receiver, and a validater. The pointing device transmits location data to a receiver from several reference points on the body of the patient and a planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient. The validater receives medical procedure plan data associated with the patient and compares the medical procedure plan data with the location data to verify the validity of the planned medical procedure site.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a system for indicating a medical procedure site. Prior to surgery, for example, at a doctor's office, a digital image102 of a portion of a body of a patient is displayed on adisplay device106. The digital image102 may include for example, a CT scan, X ray, or other types of digital images.
• The physician uses an input device such as a mouse to mark the location of asurgery site104 on digital image102. In one embodiment, the digital image102 is oriented according to the body of the patient. In other words, the left foot is represented as the left foot.Display device106 communicates with physician'soffice server108. The information of the surgery site is stored on physician'soffice server108 and communicated tooperating room server112 via a computer network (Internet110). For example,operating room server112 may located at a hospital where the surgery is to take place. Other pertinent data (patient record) associated with the patient may also be transmitted tooperating room server112.
• FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of asystem200 for verifying a plannedsurgery site230. The body of thepatient218 is laid on an operating table216. In one embodiment,patient218 is faced up with his back against the table216.System200 includes ahandheld device210 such as a pointing device, areceiver208 such as a pointing device reader, an operatingroom booking sheet212, and abooking sheet reader206, anoperating room server204, adigital imaging device214, and analarm system202.
• In one embodiment,booking sheet reader206 includes a bar code scanner or any other type of machine readable marking configured to read data (e.g. a bar code) fromoperating booking sheet212 and transmit the data tooperating room server204. Alternatively, data frombooking sheet212 may have been already communicated electronically from a physician's office or at pre-registration at the hospital tooperating room server204. In another embodiment, information about a patient is entered manually intooperating room server204.
• Booking sheet212 includes patient information such as a booking number, the name of the patient, date of birth, sex, address, telephone numbers, hospital, surgeon name, date of surgery, nature of surgical procedure, and side of which the surgical procedure is to be performed among others. Additional information can include allergies, insurance information, and diagnosis codes, etc. . . .
• In one embodiment, a barcode generator is used to generate (not shown) a barcode onbooking sheet212. Barcode generator includes any software or hardware system commonly used to generate barcodes or other machine readable markings.Booking sheet212 includes a uniquely generated barcode associated with the patient information. Those of ordinary skills in the art will recognize that other types of machine readable marking may be used such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The barcode may be in the form of a sticker affixed to bookingsheet212.
• In one embodiment,booking sheet212 is generated prior to the surgery at the hospital. For example,booking sheet212 may be generated at the time of registration of the patient.
• Digital imaging device214 includes a display device showing a digital image102 along with the location of the surgery site as marked by the physician or surgeon inFIG. 1. In one embodiment,operating room server204 verifies that the location of thesurgery site104 from digital image102 corresponds to data frombooking sheet212.Operating room server204 issues a warning notification withalarm system202 when the location of thesurgery site104 from digital image102 does not match the data frombooking sheet212.
• In another embodiment,digital imaging device214 display the digital image102 overlap on another digital image generated byoperating room server204. For example, a CT scan of the left foot of the patient may be overlap with a live outline image of the body of the patient as generated byoperating room server204. The outline image may be a two-dimensional or three-dimensional picture.
• In one embodiment handheld device210 (e.g. infrared pen) wirelessly communicates coordinates and location data to receiver208 (e.g. infrared receiver). The location data fromhandheld device210 is relative toreceiver208. Prior to the surgery onpatient218, a staff or physician useshandheld device210 to mark the location of several reference points along the body ofpatient218 as instructed by thehandheld device210 orserver204. For example,system200 may request the staff to point to areference point220 on the head ofpatient218.Handheld device210 may include a switch (not shown) on which the staff can click when the handheld device at the reference point. Location data fromreference point220 is then transmitted toreceiver208. In another embodiment, upon depressing the switch,receiver208 reads the location ofhandheld device210 relative toreceiver208.
• FIG. 2 illustrates an example of reference points that include,left shoulder222,right shoulder224,right foot226, andleft foot228 among others. In one embodiment, the reference points form an outline of the body ofpatient218. A minimum number of reference points allows forreceiver208 oroperating room server204 to determine an orientation of the body ofpatient218. In other words,receiver208 andoperating room server204 are capable, after receiving the reference points, of determining the left side and right side ofpatient218.
• After pointing to the reference points, the user/staff is asked to placehandheld device210 on the plannedsurgery site230 and to click the switch onhandheld device210. Coordinates and location data of the plannedsurgery site230 are then transmitted toreceiver208. In another embodiment, upon depressing the switch,receiver208 reads the location ofhandheld device210 relative toreceiver208.
• As such,receiver208 andoperating room server204 are then capable of determining whether the plannedsurgery site230 is located on the left or right side of thepatient218 based on the data received fromhandheld device210.
• In another embodiment handheld device210 (e.g.—a marker) deposits a visual indicator (e.g. ink) on the skin of the patient. Receiver208 (e.g. a camera) can be configured to detect the visual indicator and determine the relative position of the visual indicator with respect to the receiver.
• The planned surgery site is the location where the surgeon is planning to operate on. It may or may not be theactual surgery site104 as prescribed inbooking sheet212. Thus, the term “planned surgery site” is used to distinguish from the “surgery site” as prescribed by the surgeon in digital image102 or inbooking sheet212.
• The medical procedure is not limited to surgery, but also includes other surgical and non-surgical medical procedures such as filling a tooth cavity at a dentist, removing a tooth, examining an eye or ear, putting a cast on a limb, acupuncture on a hand, performing a CT scan or X ray on a body part, etc. . . .
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a surgery siteverification computer system300 of anoperating room server204.Computer system300 includes a bookingsheet data interface302, a digitalimaging data interface304, ahandheld device interface306, aprocessing device320, astorage device310, and an audio/visual input/output326.
• Bookingsheet data interface302 enablescomputer system300 to communicate withbooking sheet reader206. Digitalimaging data interface304 enablescomputer system300 to communicate withdigital imaging device214.Handheld device interface306 enablescomputer system300 to communicate withreceiver208.Processing device320 is configured to execute a patientbody calibration module322 and a surgerylocation validater module324. Patientbody calibration module322 is configured to determine the orientation of the body of the patient with respect to a fixed pre-determined reference (such asreceiver208, operating table216 or the operating room). In other words, patientbody calibration module322 is able to determine a left or right side of thepatient218. Surgerylocation validater module324 is configured to determine whether the planned surgery site is located on the left or right side ofpatient218 and to compare the side of the planned surgery site with the side of the location marked on digital image102 received atdigital imaging interface304. In another embodiment, surgerylocation validater module324 is configured to determine whether the planned surgery site is located on the left or right side of the patient and to compare the side of the planned surgery site with the side of the location prescribed from bookingsheet212 and received from bookingsheet data interface302.
• Storage device310 is configured to store bookingsheet data312,digital imaging data314,calibration data316, andhandheld device data318.Calibration data316 includes the orientation (where the left and right sides are) of the body ofpatient218 as determined by patientbody calibration module322.Handheld device data318 includes coordinates/location data received fromhandheld device210 or as determined byreceiver208.
• Audio/visual input/output326 is configured to issue an audio and/or visual warning triggered by surgerylocation validater module324 when the planned surgery site does not corresponding to the surgery site prescribed inbooking sheet212 and/or as indicated in digital image102 of the portion of the body ofpatient218.
• In another embodiment, surgerylocation validater module324 is configured to match the portion of the body ofpatient218 with an orientation or outline of the body ofpatient218. For example, surgerylocation validater module324 can determine that a CT scan of a left foot indicates that the surgery site is on the left side of the body.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a diagrammatic representation of a machine in the exemplary form of acomputer system300 within which a set of instructions, for causing the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein, may be executed. In alternative embodiments, the machine may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines in a LAN, an intranet, an extranet, or the Internet. The machine may operate in the capacity of a server or a client machine in client-server network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The machine may be a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a cellular telephone, a web appliance, a server, a network router, switch or bridge, or any machine capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine. Further, while only a single machine is illustrated, the term “machine” shall also be taken to include any collection of machines that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.
• In one embodiment, theexemplary computer system300 includesprocessing device320, a main memory (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), a static memory (e.g., flash memory, static random access memory (SRAM), etc.), andstorage device310, which communicate with each other via a bus.
• Processing device320 represents one or more general-purpose processing devices such as a microprocessor, central processing unit, or the like. More particularly, the processing device may be complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, or processor implementing other instruction sets, or processors implementing a combination of instruction sets.Processing device504 may also be one or more special-purpose processing devices such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), network processor, or the like. Theprocessing device320 is configured to executemodules322,324 for performing the operations and steps discussed herein with. In one embodiment,modules322,324 may be include hardware or software or a combination of both.
• Thecomputer system300 may further include a network interface device, a video display unit (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)), an alphanumeric input device (e.g., a keyboard), a cursor control device (e.g., a mouse), and a signal generation device326 (e.g., a speaker).
• Storage device310 may include a computer-accessible storage medium on which is stored one or more sets of instructions (e.g., surgery site validater software324) embodying any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. Thesoftware324 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory and/or within theprocessing device320 during execution thereof by thecomputer system300, the main memory and theprocessing device320 also constituting computer-accessible storage media. Thesoftware324 may further be transmitted or received over a network via the network interface device.
• The computer-accessible storage medium may also be used to store acalibration module322 and a surgerysite validater module324 as presently described.Calibration module322 and surgerysite validater module324 may also be stored in other sections ofcomputer system300, such as static memory.
• While the computer-accessible storage medium is shown in an exemplary embodiment to be a single medium, the term “computer-accessible storage medium” should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions. The term “computer-accessible storage medium” shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the machine and that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present invention. The term “computer-accessible storage medium” shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, optical and magnetic media.
• FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a method for verifying a planned surgery site on a body of a patient. The coordinates and location of several reference points along a perimeter or outline of the body of the patient is received at402. Based on the received data, the orientation of the patient body is determined at404. In particular, a left side and right side of the patient body is determined. At406, the system determines the location of the planned surgery site with respect to the orientation of the body. In particular, the system determines whether the planned surgery site is on the left or right side of the body of the patient. At408, the system compares whether the side of the planned surgery site matches the side of the surgery site as prescribed in a booking sheet of the patient or in a digital imaging of the patient. If there is a match, the surgery proceeds at412. If the data does not match, the surgery stops at414.
• FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating another embodiment of a method for verifying a planned surgery site on a body of a patient. At502, a display device is used to receive an identification of a surgery site on a patient body. At504, a system receives coordinate and location data about the body of a patient using a handheld device. For example, the system receives an outline of the body of the patient at several pre-determined reference points (right elbow, left shoulder, right hip, etc. . . . ) along a perimeter of the body of the patient.
• At506, the received data is calibrated with respect to a fixed reference such as a receiver or reader of the handheld device. At508, an outline of the patient body is generated using the received data. At510, the handheld device is also used to transmit coordinate and location data from a planned surgery site to the system. At512, the coordinate and location data are received from the handheld device. At514, the location data from the handheld device is compared with the outline of the patient body to determine whether the planned surgery site is on the right or left side of the body.
• At516, the side of the planned surgery site is compared with the side of the surgery site as received at502. If both sides match or correspond, the handheld device instructs a user to proceed at518. Otherwise, the handheld device instructs the user to stop the surgery procedure at520. An audio (alarm) and/or visual message (e.g. red flashing lights or “you must stop. An error condition exists”) may be displayed on handheld device oralarm202, or another output device (not shown).
• In the above description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
• Some portions of the detailed descriptions above are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the means used by those skilled in the data processing arts to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like.
• It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the following discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the description, discussions utilizing terms such as “processing” or “computing” or “calculating” or “determining” or “reading” or “verifying” or “validating” or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
• The present invention also relates to apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise a general purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as, but is not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a computer system bus.
• The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps. The required structure for a variety of these systems will appear from the description below. In addition, the present invention is not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the invention as described herein.
• It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading and understanding the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims (22)

1. A system comprising:

a receiver configured to determine, location data of a plurality of reference points on a body of a patient and of a planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient with a handheld device; and

a validater coupled to the receiver, the validater configured to receive medical procedure plan data associated with the patient and to compare the medical procedure plan data with the location data to verify the validity of the planned medical procedure site.

2. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the location data includes coordinates data relative to the receiver.

3. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the validater comprises:

a calibration module configured to determine an orientation of the body of the patient based on the location data of the plurality of reference points on the body of the patient.

4. The system ofclaim 3 wherein the validater comprises:

a medical procedure site validater configured to determine a side of the planned medical procedure site with respect to the orientation of the body of the patient, and to compare the side of the planned medical procedure site with the medical procedure plan data.

5. The system ofclaim 4 further comprising:

an audio or visual warning device coupled to the surgical site validater, the audio or visual warning device configured to issue an audio or visual warning when the side of the planned medical procedure site and the side of the body of the patient as prescribed in the medical procedure plan data do not match.

6. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the surgical plan data associated with the patient includes data from a booking sheet, the booking sheet comprising an identification of the patient, a location of the medical procedure site on the body of the patient, a side of the body on which the medical procedure site is located, and a surgical procedure for the patient.

7. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the handheld device includes an infrared pen, wherein the receiver includes an infrared receiver configured to detect a location of the handheld device relative to the receiver.

8. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the handheld device includes a marker to deposit an visual indicator on the skin of the patient at the plurality of reference points and at the planned medical procedure site, wherein the receiver is configured to detect the visual indicators and determine their relative positions.

9. The system ofclaim 1 further comprising:

a display device configured to display a digital image of at least a portion of the body of the patient;

an input device coupled to the display device, the input device configured to identify a medical procedure site on the display device; and

a server coupled to the input device, the server configured to receive the medical procedure site and the side of the medical procedure site with respect to the digital image.

10. The system ofclaim 9 wherein the server is configured to generate the medical procedure plan data.

11. A method for managing a surgical site on a patient comprising:

receiving surgical plan data associated with the patient;

determining location data of a plurality of reference points on a body of a patient and of a planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient with a handheld device, the location data relative to a receiver;

determining an orientation of the body of the patient based on the location data of the plurality of reference points, and a side of the planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient relative to the orientation of the body of the patient; and

comparing the medical procedure plan data with the side of the planned medical procedure site to verify the validity of the planned medical procedure site.

12. The method ofclaim 11 comprising:

issuing an audio or visual warning when the side of the planned medical procedure site and the side of the body of the patient as prescribed in the medical procedure plan data do not match.

13. The method ofclaim 11 wherein the surgical plan data associated with the patient includes data from a booking sheet, the booking sheet comprising an identification of the patient, a location of the medical procedure site on the body of the patient, a side of the body on which the medical procedure site is located, and a surgical procedure for the patient.

14. The method ofclaim 11 wherein the handheld device includes an infrared pen, wherein the receiver includes an infrared receiver configured to detect the location of the handheld device relative to the receiver.

15. The method ofclaim 11 wherein the handheld device includes a marker to deposit a visual indicator on the skin of the patient at the plurality of reference points and at the planned medical procedure site, wherein the receiver is configured to detect the visual indicators and determine their relative positions.

16. The method ofclaim 11 further comprising:

displaying on a display device a digital image of at least a portion of the body of the patient;

identifying a medical procedure site on the display device with an input device coupled to the display device;

determining a side of the medical procedure site with respect to the digital image; and

generating the medical procedure data plan based on the side of the medical procedure site.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, having instructions stored therein, which when executed, cause a computer system to perform a method comprising:

receiving surgical plan data associated with the patient;

determining location data of a plurality of reference points on a body of a patient and of a planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient with a pointing device, the location data relative to a receiver;

determining an orientation of the body of the patient based on the location data of the plurality of reference points, and a side of the planned medical procedure site on the body of the patient relative to the orientation of the body of the patient; and

comparing the medical procedure plan data with the side of the planned medical procedure site to verify the validity of the planned medical procedure site.

18. The computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 17 wherein the method further comprises:

issuing an audio or visual warning when the side of the planned medical procedure site and the side of the body of the patient as prescribed in the medical procedure plan data do not match.

19. The computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 17 wherein the surgical plan data associated with the patient includes data from a booking sheet, the booking sheet comprising an identification of the patient, a location of the medical procedure site on the body of the patient, a side of the body on which the medical procedure site is located, and a surgical procedure for the patient.

20. The computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 17 wherein the handheld device includes an infrared pen, wherein the receiver includes an infrared receiver configured to detect the location of the handheld device relative to the receiver.

21. The computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 17 wherein the handheld device includes a marker to deposit a visual indicator on the skin of the patient at the plurality of reference points and at the planned medical procedure site, wherein the receiver is configured to detect the visual indicators and determine their relative positions.

22. The computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 17 further comprising:

displaying on a display device a digital image of at least a portion of the body of the patient;

identifying a medical procedure site on the display device with an input device coupled to the display device;

determining a side of the medical procedure site with respect to the digital image; and

generating the medical procedure data plan based on the side of the medical procedure site.

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