US20090157199A1 - Motion Control Systems - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for allowing communication between a software application and at least one motion controller in a set of motion controllers comprising a set of motion operations, a set of motion commands, a set of selectable software modules, a software system, and a driver administrator. At least one motion command is associated with at least one primitive motion operation. Each software module is associated with at least one motion controller in the set of motion controllers. At least two selectable software modules expose a common software interface. The software application comprises a plurality of motion commands associated with a desired motion sequence, where the application comprises at least one motion command associated with a primitive motion operation. The software system uses the driver administrator to select at least one selected software module. The software application uses the driver administrator to load the selected software module. The software system commands at least one selected motion controller to perform the desired motion sequence using the plurality of motion commands of the software application, and the common software interface exposed by the at least one selected software module associated with the at least one selected motion controller.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS
• This application (Attorneys' Ref. No. P216039) is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/761,537 filed on Jan. 21, 2004, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/316,451 filed on Dec. 10, 2002, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety and which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/021,669 filed on Dec. 10, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,516,236, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/191,981 filed on Nov. 13, 1998, now abandoned, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/656,421 filed on May 30, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,867,385, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/454,736 filed on May 30, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,691,897.
• U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/761,537 is also a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/795,777 filed on Feb. 27, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,513,058, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety and which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/205,627 filed on Dec. 3, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,209,037, which claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/067,466 filed on Dec. 4, 1997, and which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/191,981 filed on Nov. 13, 1998, now abandoned, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/656,421 filed on May 30, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,867,385, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/454,736 filed on May 30, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,691,897.
• U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/761,537 is also a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/633,633 filed on Aug. 7, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,941,543, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety and which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/191,981 filed on Nov. 13, 1998, now abandoned, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/656,421 filed on May 30, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,867,385, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/454,736 filed on May 30, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,691,897.
TECHNICAL FIELD
• The present invention relates to motion control systems and, more particularly, to interface software that facilitates the creation of hardware independent motion control software.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• The purpose of a motion control device is to move an object in a desired manner. The basic components of a motion control device are a controller and a mechanical system. The mechanical system translates signals generated by the controller into movement of an object.
• While the mechanical system commonly comprises a drive and an electrical motor, a number of other systems, such as hydraulic or vibrational systems, can be used to cause movement of an object based on a control signal. Additionally, it is possible for a motion control device to comprise a plurality of drives and motors to allow multi-axis control of the movement of the object.
• The present invention is of particular importance in the context of a mechanical system including at least one drive and electrical motor having a rotating shaft connected in some way to the object to be moved, and that application will be described in detail herein. But the principles of the present invention are generally applicable to any mechanical system that generates movement based on a control signal. The scope of the present invention should thus be determined based on the claims appended hereto and not the following detailed description.
• In a mechanical system comprising a controller, a drive, and an electrical motor, the motor is physically connected to the object to be moved such that rotation of the motor shaft is translated into movement of the object. The drive is an electronic power amplifier adapted to provide power to a motor to rotate the motor shaft in a controlled manner. Based on control commands, the controller controls the drive in a predictable manner such that the object is moved in the desired manner.
• These basic components are normally placed into a larger system to accomplish a specific task. For example, one controller may operate in conjunction with several drives and motors in a multi-axis system for moving a tool along a predetermined path relative to a workpiece.
• Additionally, the basic components described above are often used in conjunction with a host computer or programmable logic controller (PLC). The host computer or PLC allows the use of a high-level programming language to generate control commands that are passed to the controller. Software running on the host computer is thus designed to simplify the task of programming the controller.
• Companies that manufacture motion control devices are, traditionally, hardware oriented companies that manufacture software dedicated to the hardware that they manufacture. These software products may be referred to as low level programs. Low level programs usually work directly with the motion control command language specific to a given motion control device. While such low level programs offer the programmer substantially complete control over the hardware, these programs are highly hardware dependent.
• In contrast to low-level programs, high-level software programs, referred to sometimes as factory automation applications, allow a factory system designer to develop application programs that combine large numbers of input/output (I/O) devices, including motion control devices, into a complex system used to automate a factory floor environment. These factory automation applications allow any number of I/O devices to be used in a given system, as long as these devices are supported by the high-level program. Custom applications, developed by other software developers, cannot be developed to take advantage of the simple motion control functionality offered by the factory automation program.
• Additionally, these programs do not allow the programmer a great degree of control over the each motion control device in the system. Each program developed with a factory automation application must run within the context of that application.
PRIOR ART
• In the following discussions, a number of documents are cited that are publicly available as of the filing date of the present invention. With many of these documents, the Applicant is not aware of exact publishing dates. The citation of these documents should thus not be considered an admission that they are prior art; the Applicant will take the steps necessary to establish whether these documents are prior art if necessary.
• As mentioned above, a number of software programs currently exist for programming individual motion control devices or for aiding in the development of systems containing a number of motion control devices.
• The following is a list of documents disclosing presently commercially available high-level software programs: (a) Software Products For Industrial Automation, iconics 1993; (b) The complete, computer-based automation tool (IGSS), Seven Technologies A/S; (c) OpenBatch Product Brief, PID, Inc.; (d) FIX Product Brochure, Intellution (1994); (e) Paragon TNT Product Brochure, Intec Controls Corp.; (f) WEB 3.0 Product Brochure, Trihedral Engineering Ltd. (1994); and (g) AIMAX-WIN Product Brochure, TA Engineering Co., Inc. The following documents disclose simulation software: (a) ExperTune PID Tuning Software, Gerry Engineering Software; and (b) XANALOG Model NL-SIM Product Brochure, XANALOG.
• The following list identifies documents related to low-level programs: (a) Compumotor Digiplan 1993-94 catalog, pages 10-11; (b) Aerotech Motion Control Product Guide, pages 233-34; (c) PMAC Product Catalog,page 43; (d) PC/DSP-Series Motion Controller C Programming Guide, pages 1-3; (e) Oregon Micro Systems Product Guide, page 17; (f) Precision Microcontrol Product Guide.
• The Applicants are also aware of a software model referred to as WOSA that has been defined by Microsoft for use in the Windows programming environment. The WOSA model is discussed in the book Inside Windows 95, on pages 348-351. WOSA is also discussed in the paper entitled WOSA Backgrounder: Delivering Enterprise Services to the Windows-based Desktop. The WOSA model isolates application programmers from the complexities of programming to different service providers by providing an API layer that is independent of an underlying hardware or service and an SPI layer that is hardware independent but service dependent. The WOSA model has no relation to motion control devices.
• The Applicants are also aware of the common programming practice in which drivers are provided for hardware such as printers or the like; an application program such as a word processor allows a user to select a driver associated with a given printer to allow the application program to print on that given printer.
• While this approach does isolates the application programmer from the complexities of programming to each hardware configuration in existence, this approach does not provide the application programmer with the ability to control the hardware in base incremental steps. In the printer example, an application programmer will not be able to control each stepper motor in the printer using the provided printer driver; instead, the printer driver will control a number of stepper motors in the printer in a predetermined sequence as necessary to implement a group of high level commands.
• The software driver model currently used for printers and the like is thus not applicable to the development of a sequence of control commands for motion control devices.
• From the foregoing, it should be clear that one primary object of the invention is to provide improved methods and devices for moving objects.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention is, in one form, a system for communicating with a motion controller, comprising a set of primitive motion commands and non-primitive motion commands, a set of motion operations, a reprogrammable motion controller capable of executing at least one motion command, a set of selectable software modules, and a software system. Functionality of the non-primitive motion commands can be emulated by a combination of primitive motion commands. Functionality of the primitive motion commands cannot be emulated by a combination of primitive motion commands. At least one motion operation is associated with at least one motion command. At least one software module is associated with at least one motion controller, and at least two selectable software modules expose a common software interface. The software system is capable of commanding at least one motion controller to perform at least one motion operation using the common software interface exposed by at least one selected software module associated with at least one motion controller.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• FIG. 1 is a system interaction map of a motion control system constructed in accordance with, and embodying, the principles of the present invention;
• FIG. 2 is a module interaction map of a motion control component of the system shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is an object interaction map of the component shown inFIG. 2;
• FIGS. 4 through 8 are scenario maps of the component shown inFIG. 2;
• FIG. 9 is an interface map of the component shown inFIG. 2;
• FIG. 10 is a data map showing one exemplary method of accessing the data necessary to emulate extended driver functions using core driver functions;
• FIG. 11 is a module interaction map of the driver portion of the system shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 12 is an object interaction map of the driver portion shown inFIG. 11;
• FIGS. 13 through 20 are scenario maps related to the driver shown inFIG. 11;
• FIG. 21 is an interface map for the driver shown inFIG. 11;
• FIG. 22 is a module interaction map of the streams used by the system shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 23 is an object interaction map of the streams shown inFIG. 22;
• FIGS. 24 through 32 are scenario maps of the streams shown inFIG. 22;
• FIG. 33 is an interface map of the objects comprising the stream shown inFIG. 22;
• FIG. 34 is a module interaction map of the driver stub portion of the system shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 35 is an object interaction map of the driver stub shown inFIG. 34;
• FIGS. 36 through 38 are scenario maps of the driver stub shown inFIG. 34;
• FIG. 39 is an interface map of the driver stub portion shown inFIG. 34;
• FIG. 40 is a module interaction map of the driver administrator portion of the system shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 41 is an object interaction map of the driver administrator shown inFIG. 40;
• FIGS. 42 through 49 are scenario maps relating to the driver administrator shown inFIG. 40;
• FIG. 50 is an interface map of the objects that comprise the driver administrator shown inFIG. 40;
• FIG. 51 is a module interaction map of the driver administrator CPL applet portion of the system shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 52 is an object interaction map of the driver administrator CPL applet shown inFIG. 51;
• FIGS. 53 through 57 are scenario maps related to the driver administrator CPL applet shown inFIG. 51.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
• Referring now to the drawing, depicted therein at10 inFIG. 1 is a motion control system constructed in accordance with, and embodying, the principles of the present invention. Thissystem10 comprises apersonal computer portion12 having ahardware bus14, a plurality of motioncontrol hardware controllers16a,16b, and16c, andmechanical systems18a,18b, and18cthat interact with one or more objects (not shown) to be moved.
• Thepersonal computer portion12 of thesystem10 can be any system capable of being programmed as described herein, but, in the preferred embodiment, is a system capable of running the Microsoft Windows environment. Such a system will normally comprise a serial port in addition to thehardware bus14 shown inFIG. 1.
• Thehardware bus14 provides the physical connections necessary for thecomputer12 to communicate with thehardware controllers16. Thehardware controllers16 control the mechanical system18 to move in a predictable manner. The mechanical system18 comprises a motor or the like the output shaft of which is coupled to the object to be moved. The combination of thehardware controllers16a,16b, and16cand themechanical systems18a,18b, and18cformsmotion control devices20a,20b, and20c, respectively.
• Thehardware bus14,hardware controllers16, and mechanical systems18 are all well-known in the art and are discussed herein only to the extent necessary to provide a complete understanding of the present invention.
• Thepersonal computer portion12 contains asoftware system22 that allows anapplication user24 to createsoftware applications26 that control themotion control devices20.
• More particularly, based on data input by theuser24 and the contents of theapplication program26, thesoftware system22 generates control commands that are transmitted by one or more streams such as those indicated at28a,28b,28c, and28d. Thestreams28 transmit control commands incorporating the hardware specific command language necessary to control a given motion control device to perform in a desired manner. As will be discussed in more detail below, thestreams28 implement the communication protocol that allows the control commands to reach the appropriatemotion control device28 via an appropriate channel (i.e., PC bus, serial port).
• Using thesystem22, theapplication program26 is developed such that it contains no code that is specific to any one of theexemplary hardware controllers16. In the normal case, theapplication program26, and thus theuser24 that created theprogram26, is completely isolated from themotion control devices20. Theuser24 thus need know nothing about the hardware specific command language or communication protocol associated with each of thesedevices20; it may even be possible that the command language of one or more of thehardware controllers16 was not defined at the time theapplication program26 was created.
• Thesoftware system22 comprises a combination of elements that allow theapplication program26 to be completely isolated from thehardware controllers16. In the following discussion, the framework of thesoftware system22 will be described in terms of a method of moving an object and/or a method of generating control commands. After this general discussion, each component of thesystem22 will be described in detail in a specific operating environment.
I. Method of Generating Control Commands for Controlling a Motion Control Device to Move an Object
• Initially, it should be noted that, in most situations, the method described in this section will normally but not necessarily involve the labors of at least two and perhaps three separate software programmers: a software system designer; a hardware designer familiar with the intricacies of the motion control device; and a motion control system designer. Theapplication user24 discussed above will normally be the motion control system designer, and the roles of the software system designer and hardware designer will become apparent from the following discussion.
• The software system designer develops thesoftware system22. The software system designer initially defines a set of motion control operations that are used to perform motion control. The motion control operations are not specifically related to any particular motion control device hardware configuration, but are instead abstract operations that all motion control device hardware configurations must perform in order to function.
• Motion control operations may either be primitive operations or non-primitive operations. Primitive operations are operations that are necessary for motion control and cannot be simulated using a combination of other motion control operations. Examples of primitive operations include GET POSITION and MOVE RELATIVE, which are necessary for motion control and cannot be emulated using other motion control operations. Non-primitive operations are motion control operations that do not meet the definition of a primitive operation. Examples of non-primitive operations include CONTOUR MOVE, which may be emulated using a combination of primitive motion control operations.
• Given the set of motion control operations as defined above, the software system designer next defines a service provider interface (SPI) comprising a number of driver functions. Driver functions may be either core driver functions or extended driver functions. Core driver functions are associated with primitive operations, while extended driver functions are associated with non-primitive operations. As with motion control operations, driver functions are not related to a specific hardware configuration; basically, the driver functions define parameters necessary to implement motion control operations in a generic sense, but do not attach specific values or the like to these parameters. The SPI for theexemplary software system22 is attached hereto as Appendix A.
• The software system designer next defines an application programming interface (API) comprising a set of component functions. For these component functions, the software system designer writes component code that associates at least some of the component functions with at least some of the driver functions. The relationship between component functions and driver functions need not be one to one: for example, certain component functions are provided for administrative purposes and do not have a corresponding driver function. However, most component functions will have an associated driver function. The API for theexemplary software system22 is attached hereto as Appendix B.
• The overall software model implemented by thesoftware program22 thus contains an API comprising component functions and an SPI comprising driver functions, with the API being related to the SPI by component code associated with the component functions.
• In order for thesystem22 to generate the control commands, at least two more components are needed: theapplication program26 and at least one software driver such as the drivers indicated at30a,30b, and30cinFIG. 1.
• Thesoftware drivers30 are normally developed by a hardware designer and are each associated with a single motion control device. The hardware designer writes driver code that dictates how to generate control commands for controlling the motion control device associated therewith to perform the motion control operations associated with at least some of the driver functions.
• In theexemplary software system22, thesoftware drivers30a,30b, and30care associated with themotion control devices20a,20b, and20c, respectively. As a software driver exists for each of themotion control devices20a,20b, and20c, thesedevices20a,20b, and20cform a group of supported motion control devices.
• A careful review of the framework of thesoftware system22 as described above will illustrate that, of all the components of thissystem22, only thesoftware drivers30 are hardware dependent.
• The motion control system designer, normally also theuser24, develops theapplication program26. Theapplication program26 comprises a sequence of component functions arranged to define the motion control operations necessary to control a motion control device to move an object in a desired manner. Theapplication program26 is any application that uses thesystem22 by programming themotion control component35. Applications may program thesystem22 either through OLE Automation or by using any of the custom OLE interfaces making up the API.
• As mentioned above, the component code associates many of the component functions with the driver functions, and the driver functions define the parameters necessary to carry out the motion control operations. Thus, with appropriately ordered component functions, theapplication program26 contains the logic necessary to move the object in the desired manner.
• Once theapplication program26 has been written and thesoftware drivers30 have been provided, theuser24 selects at least one motion control device from the group of supportedmotion control devices20a,20b, and20c. Using adriver administrator module32, theuser24 then selects the software driver associated with the selected motion control device. Thisdriver administrator module32 is used to install, uninstall, register, and setup each stream.
• As currently implemented, thedriver administrator34 allows only one software driver to be selected. In future versions of thesoftware system22, the driver administrator will allow the user to select one or more software drivers.
• Thesoftware system22 thus generates control commands based on the component functions contained in theapplication program26, the component code associated with the component functions, and the driver code associated with the selectedsoftware driver28.
• As the control commands are being generated as described above, they may be directly transmitted to a motion control device to control this device in real time or stored in an output file for later use. Thesoftware system22 employs thestreams28 to handle the transmission of the control commands to a desired destination thereof.
• In theexemplary system22, the destinations of the control commands may be one or more of anoutput file34 and/or thecontrollers16. Other possible destinations include a debug monitor or window or other custom output mechanism defined for a specific situation. The software system designer, or in some cases the hardware system designer, will write transmit stream code for eachstream28 that determines how the control commands are to be transferred to a given one of thecontrol command destinations16 and34. Using thedriver administrator32, theuser24 selects one or more of thecontrol command destinations16 and34, and, later when run, thesystem22 transfers the control commands to the selectedcontrol command destination16 and/or34 based on the transmit stream code in thestream28 associated with the selectedcontrol command destination16 and/or34.
• Many control command destinations such as16 and34 are capable of transmitting data back to thesystem22. Data transmitted from a control command destination back to thesystem22 will be referred to as response data. The software system designer thus further writes data response stream code for each of thestreams28a,28b, and28cthat determines how response data is transmitted from thecontrollers16 to thesystem22. Thesystem22 thus processes the response data sent by thecontrollers16 based on the data response stream code contained in thestreams28.
• Referring again toFIG. 1, this Figure shows that thesystem22 further comprises amotion control component35 and adriver stub module36. The motioncontrol component module34 is the portion of thesoftware system22 that relates the component functions to the driver functions. The motioncontrol component module34 thus contains the component code that makes the association between the component functions contained in theapplication program26 and the driver functions.
• Thedriver stub module36 is not required to implement the basic software model implemented by thesystem22, but provides thesystem22 with significantly greater flexibility to accommodate diverse motion control hardware configurations with minimal effort.
• More particularly, when thedriver stub module36 is employed, the hardware designer need not develop driver code to implement all of the driver functions; to the contrary, the hardware designer must write driver code for implementing the core driver functions but need not write driver code to implement the extended driver functions. The software system designer provides the motioncontrol driver stub36 with stub code that identifies the combinations of core driver functions that are employed to emulate the functionality of extended driver functions.
• Themotion control component24 will determine for the selectedsoftware driver30 which extended functions, if any, the selecteddriver30 supports. For extend functions that are not supported, referred to herein as non-supported extended driver functions, themotion control component24 refers to thedriver stub module36 to determine the appropriate combination of core driver functions to emulate the functionality of the non-supported extended driver functions. Thesystem22 thus generates the control commands necessary to implement the non-supported extended driver functions using the appropriate combination of core driver functions.
• The process of determining when extended driver functions need to be emulated can be optimized by providing themotion control component24 with a function pointer table that contains a pointer to each of extended functions. When building the function pointer table, themotion control component35 checks the selecteddriver module30 to see if it supports each extended function. If the selecteddriver module30 supports the extended function, the motioncontrol component module24 stores a pointer to the function, implemented by the selecteddriver module30, in the table location corresponding to the extended function. In the event that the selecteddriver module30 does not support the extended function, the motioncontrol component module34 stores a pointer to the extended function implementation located in thedriver stub module36. Thedriver stub module36 implementation of the extended function contains calls to a plurality of core functions implemented by the selecteddriver module30.
• Therefore, thedriver stub module36 allows the hardware designer to use, with minimal time and effort, a workingsoftware driver28 that contains driver code to implement only the core functions. Thesoftware driver28 developed to implement the core driver functions can then be improved by developing driver code to implement extended driver functions as desired.
• The use of driver code specifically designed to implement extended driver functions is, in general, preferable to relying on thedriver stub module36 to emulate the extended driver functions; driver code specifically written to implement an extended driver function will almost always obtain a more optimized implementation of the driver function than the emulation of that driver function with a combination of core driver functions.
• Referring again for a moment toFIG. 1, this Figure illustrates that thesystem22 additionally comprises a driveradministrator CPL applet38 and aDDE server40. The driveradministration CPL applet38 generates the user interface through which theuser24 communicates with thedriver administrator module32. TheDDE server40 provides the software interface through which theapplication program26 communicates with the motioncontrol component module34.
II. Motion Control Component
• Themotion control component35 will now be described in further detail with reference toFIGS. 2-10. Themotion control component35 is used by every application programming thesystem22 to perform motion control operations. The major set of the API is implemented by this component. When operating, themotion control component35 interacts with thedriver administrator32, to get the current driver, and thedriver30 anddriver stub36, to carry out motion control operations. Applications, usingsystem22, only interact with themotion control component35.
• This section describes the design of themotion control component35 in three main parts. First, all binary modules that affect thecomponent35 are described along with their interactions with thecomponent35. Next, the module interaction-map is drawn in more detail to show the interactions between all C++ objects used to implement themotion control component35. Next, the object interaction-map is tested by displaying the specific interactions that take place during certain, key process that thecomponent35 is requested to perform.
• The module interaction-map shown inFIG. 2 displays all binary modules and their interactions with themotion control component35. As can be seen from the module interaction-map, applications only communicate with the motion control component35 (Component). From this point, thecomponent35 coordinates all interactions between thedriver administrator32,driver30, anddriver stub36 components.
• Breaking the module interaction-map and adding the interactions taking place between all C++ objects used to implement themotion control component35, produces the object interaction-map shown inFIG. 3.
• Each object in the diagram is described as follows. The CCmpntDisp object is the dispatch object used to dispatch exposed interface methods. During the dispatch process, all raw data is converted into the appropriate C++ form. For example, collections of data passed between OLE components is usually packaged in a raw block of memory. The CCmpntDisp object takes care of packing outgoing data and unpacking incoming data. Data packing involves converting the data between a raw and native C++ format.
• The CDriverAdmin object is used to communicate directly with the driver administrator component. All OLE related details are encapsulated within this class.
• The CDriverMgr object is used to control all unit mapping taking place before calling the appropriate SPI function. The CUnitMapper object is used to do the actual mapping between units.
• The CUnitMapper object is used to map units between the Part Coordinate System (PCS) and the Machine Coordinate System (MCS). Both directions of unit mapping are done by this object.
• The CDriver object is used to build the SPI table containing both core and extended SPI functions. Depending on the level of driver support, the extended functions in the SPI table may point to functions implemented in either thedriver stub36 or thedriver30.
• The following discussion ofFIGS. 4-8 describes all main scenarios, or operations, that occur on themotion control component35. Each scenario-map displays all objects involved, and the interactions that take place between them in the sequence that they occur.
• As shown inFIG. 4, before an application can use themotion control component35, it must create an instance of the object, using the CoCreateInstance OLE function, and then initialize the instance calling the exposed Initialize custom interface method implemented by thecomponent35.FIG. 4 displays the sequence of events that take place when the Initialize method is called.
• During initialization, the following steps occur. First the application must create an instance of themotion control component35 by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. Once loaded, the application must call thecomponent35's exposed Initialize method. When first loaded, thecomponent35 loads any registration data previously stored. Next, thecomponent35 directs the CCmpntDisp to initialize the system. The CCmpntDisp directs the CDriverAdmin to get the current driver(s) to use. The CDriverAdmin, first, loads thedriver administrator32 using the standard OLE CoCreateInstance function. Next, it initializes the driver administrator. Then, it queries the driver administrator for the driver(s) to use and their SPI support information. Finally, the driver administrator returns the driver(s) and the support information to thecomponent35, and releases all interfaces used from thedriver administrator component32.
• Once receiving the active driver(s)30 and their support information, themotion control component35 passes the driver(s)30 to the CDriverMgr and directs it to initialize the system. During its initialization, the CDriverMgr initializes the CUnitMapper. Also while initializing, the CDriverMgr initializes a CDriver for each driver used. After initializing each CDriver, the support information is used to build each SPI table inside each CDriver object. When building the SPI table, all core and supported extended SPI interfaces are queried from the driver. Also, when building the SPI table, the CDriver queries all interfaces, not supported by thedriver30, from thedriver stub36.
• Referring now toFIG. 5, once themotion control component35 is initialized, theapplication26 may perform operations on it. There are two types of operations that may take place on the component35: Operations that use core SPI functions, and operations that use extended SPI functions. Even though the difference between the two is completely invisible to the application using thecomponent35, the internal interactions are different between the two. The following discussion outlines these differences.
• The following interactions take place when thecomponent35 performs an operation that uses core SPI functions only. First the application must request the operation and pass all pertinent parameters to thecomponent35. Next, thecomponent35 directs the CCmpntDisp to carry out the operation. The CCmpntDisp then directs the CDriverMgr to perform the operation and passes all pertinent parameters to it. Before carrying out the operation, the CDriverMgr uses the CUnitMapper to convert all units to the Machine Coordinate System (MCS). Next, the CDriverMgr directs the CDriver object to carry out the operation and passes the newly mapped parameters to it. The CDriver object uses its internal SPI table to communicate directly with the core SPI function implemented by the driver component.
• FIG. 6 shows the sequence of events that occurs when thecomponent35 is directed to carry out an operation that happens to use extended SPI not supported by thedriver30. The following steps occur when the operation is requested.
• First the application must request the operation and pass all pertinent parameters to thecomponent35. Next, thecomponent35 directs the CCmpntDisp to carry out the operation. The CCmpntDisp then directs the CDriverMgr to perform the operation and passes all pertinent parameters to it. Before carrying out the operation, the CDriverMgr uses the CUnitMapper to convert all units to the Machine Coordinate System (MCS). Next, the CDriverMgr directs the CDriver object to carry out the operation and passes the newly mapped parameters to it. The CDriver object uses its internal SPI table to communicate directly with the core SPI function implemented by the driver component.
• As briefly discussed above, when using thesystem22, there are several types of units and two different coordinate systems used. The process of unit mapping involves converting measurements between the Part and Machine coordinate systems.FIG. 7 illustrates this process, and the following steps occur when the operation is requested.
• First the application must request the operation and pass all parameters to thecomponent35. Note, all parameters are in the PCS. Next, thecomponent35 directs the CCmpntDisp to carry out the operation. The CCmpntDisp directs the CDriverMgr to carry out the operation and passes the PCS parameters to it. The CDriverMgr takes all measurements and uses the CUnitMapper to convert them to the MCS. The newly mapped parameters are then passed to the Cdriver. The CDriver directs either the driver or the driver stub component to carry out the operation.
• When the application is finished using themotion control component35 it directs thecomponent35 to free all of its resources by calling its exposed Release method. This process is depicted inFIG. 8. During the clean-up process, the following steps occur.
• First the application must direct thecomponent35 to release all of its resources by calling its Release method. When invoked, thecomponent35 passes the call on to the CCmpntDisp object. The CCmpntDisp object directs the CDriverMgr to release any resources it is using. The CDriverMgr directs each CDriver object to release any of its resources, then deletes the CDriver objects. First, the CDriver object releases any interfaces it is using from the driver component. Then, the CDriver object releases any interfaces it is using from the driver stub component.
• FIG. 9 is an interface map related to themotion control component35.FIG. 10 is a data map showing how data relating to the whether extended driver functions need to be emulated is stored. Attached hereto as Appendix C is a document that describes the actual OLE Interfaces exposed, the definitions of the data structures used when passing data around, and the definitions of each class used internally by themotion control component35.
III. Software Drivers
• Thedriver30 is used by both thedriver administrator32 and thecomponent35. Its main purpose is to implement functionality that generates motion control commands for the specific hardware supported. For example, the AT6400 driver, used to control the Compumotor AT6400 motion control hardware, generates AT6400 command codes. During the initialization phase of thesystem22, thedriver administrator32 communicates with eachdriver30, allowing the user to add, remove, or change the configuration of the driver. When an application, using thesystem22, is run, thecomponent35 communicates with thedriver30 directing it to carry out the appropriate motion control operations.
• This section describes the complete design of ageneric driver30. All drivers are designed from the base design described in this manual. This section is divided into three parts. First, a module interaction-map that describes all binary modules that interact with thedriver30 is discussed. Next, the module interaction-map is drawn as an object interaction-map, where all the internals of the driver are exposed. In this map, all C++ objects, making up the driver, and their interactions are shown. Next, several scenario-maps are drawn. Each scenario-map displays the interactions taking place between the C++ objects involved during a certain process. Finally, this section describes the interfaces exposed by the driver component, all data structures used, and the definitions of each C++ class used.
• Referring now toFIG. 11, the module interaction-map displays all binary modules and their interactions with thedriver30. There are two modules that interact directly with the driver: themotion control component35, and thedriver administrator32. Thedriver administrator32 queries and changes the driver settings and thecomponent35 directs the driver to carry out motion control operations such as moving to a certain location in the system. Shown at42 inFIG. 11 is the standard Windows registration database, referred to herein as the registry.
• Breaking the module interaction-map down into more detail by including the interactions taking place between all C++ objects used to implement the driver, produces the object interaction-map. The object interaction-map for thedriver30 is shown inFIG. 12.
• Each object in the diagram is described as follows.
• CDriverDisp is the dispatch object used to dispatch exposed interface methods. During the dispatch process, all raw data is converted into the appropriate C++ form. For example, collections of data passed between OLE components is usually packaged in a raw block of memory. The CDriverDisp object takes care of packing outgoing data and unpacking incoming data. Data packing involves converting the data between a raw and native C++ format.
• The CStreamMgr object is responsible for managing the set of streams registered with the driver. Streams, may be added, removed, and enabled. Only enabled streams are sent data. The CLSID and enabled status of each stream registered, is stored in the registration database. When communicating to streams, the CStreamMgr is used to send the command string to all enabled streams.
• The CCommandMgr object is used to build commands sent to the stream, and extracting responses received from the stream. The CCommandMgr is the controlling object that manages the CResponse, CCommandList, and CStream objects.
• The CCommandList object stores the complete list of commands making up the motion control command language. Such commands may be stored as text resources or in a text file.
• The CCommand object builds command strings that are then sent to the CStream. Each command built is a complete motion control command string.
• The CResponseList object builds CResponse objects that are initialized with the parsing format for the expected response.
• The CResponse object converts raw response strings, returned by the CStream, and converts them into C++ data types. For example, a response string containing position data may be converted into a set of double values.
• The CStream object is used to communicate directly with the underlying stream component.
• FIGS. 14-20 contain scenario maps that describe all main scenarios, or operations, that occur on thedriver30. Each scenario-map displays all objects involved, and the interactions that take place between them in the sequence that they occur.
• There are two types of operations that occur on thedriver30. First, thedriver administrator32 may initiate operations, such as adding streams or configuring the driver. Next, themotion control component35 may initiate operations on the driver when an application is actually running. The following discussion describes each perspective, starting with the operations directed by the Driver Administrator; all operations made on the driver by the driver administrator are discussed in the order that they may occur when using the driver.
• Before a driver may be used, it must be registered in the OLE system. In order to register a driver the driver administrator first verifies that the module being registered is actually andriver30, then it calls the DLLRegisterServer exported function to register the driver. Each module of thesystem22 exports a function called DLLGetModuleType. This function is used to verify that the module is adriver30 component.FIG. 13 displays the interactions that take place when registering a driver.
• During the registration process shown inFIG. 13, the following steps occur. First, the driver administrator must load the DLL, containing the stream component, verify that the module is andriver30. To do so, the driver administrator calls the DLLGetModuleType function, exported by the driver. If the function returns a value that contains the value XMC_DRIVER_MT in the high byte, then the driver administrator proceeds and registers the driver by calling its exported function, DLLRegisterServer. When called, the implementation of the DLLRegisterServer writes all OLE 2.0 registration information to the Windows registration database.
• Referring now toFIG. 14, after the driver is registered, the driver administrator can load thecomponent35 using the OLE CoCreateInstance function. During the initialization process, the driver loads all registration data and initializes both the CDriverDisp and CStreamMgr C++ objects.
• During initialization, the following steps occur.
• Before loading the driver component, the driver administrator must query the driver module for its CLSID. Calling the driver's exported function, DLLGetCLSID, returns the CLSID. Once it has the CLSID, the driver administrator may create an instance of the driver by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. When first loaded, the driver loads any registration data previously stored. Next, the driver directs the CDriverDisp object to initialize the system. When notified, the CDriverDisp object initializes itself and then directs the CStreamMgr to initialize itself. During its initialization, the CStreamMgr loads all stream settings from the registration database. For example, the CLSID and enabled state of all streams previously registered with the driver, are loaded.
• After initializing the driver, the driver administrator may perform operations on it. For example, the driver administrator may request the driver to add or remove a stream.FIG. 15 displays the sequence of events occurring when the driver is requested to add a new stream. When adding a stream, the following steps occur.
• First the driver administrator directs the stream to add a new stream and passes CLSID of the stream, to be added, to the driver. The driver then passes the CLSID to the CDriverDisp object and directs it to add the stream. The CDriverDisp object passes the information on to the CStreamMgr and directs it to add the stream. In the final step, the CStreamMgr assumes that the module is avalid stream component28 and adds the CLSID to the drivers set of information in the registration database.
• Another operation requested of the driver, after initialization, is that of querying it for its current settings. Before displaying information about the driver, like the name of the hardware it supports, the driver administrator must query the driver for the information. For example,FIG. 16 displays the process of querying the driver for an enumeration of the streams registered with it. When querying the driver for information, the following steps occur.
• First the driver administrator calls the interface method used to query the driver's stream enumeration. Next, the driver directs the CDriverDisp to create the stream enumeration. The CDriverDisp object then directs the CStreamMgr to prepare the stream enumeration. The CStreamMgr checks the registration database and makes sure its internal state is in sync with the data stored in the registry. Next, it sets a lock that will cause all stream management operations, such as adding or removing streams, to fail. The CStreamMgr prepares the list of streams and loads them into memory using the CStream object. The CStream object loads the stream component using the OLE CoCreateInstance API.
• After the driver administrator is done using the driver, it must release the driver by calling its exposed Release method. Calling this method, directs the driver to release all resources used.FIG. 17 displays the process of releasing the driver component. During the clean-up process, the following steps occur.
• First the driver administrator must direct the driver component to clean itself up by calling its Release method. When invoked, the driver component passes the call on to the CDriverDisp object. The CDriverDisp object then directs the CStreamMgr to save all data. The CStreamMgr saves all data, including the state of each stream, in the registration database. Finally, the driver saves all internal data in the registration database.
• After a driver is successfully installed into thesystem22 and configured using the driver administrator, it is ready for use by themotion control component35. Thecomponent35 uses thedriver30 when performing motion control operations requested from the application using thecomponent35. The following discussion describes thecomponent35 directed operations that can take place on the driver.
• Before using the driver, it must be initialized by thecomponent35. This operation is different from the driver initialization taking place on the driver when used by the driver administrator because the system must be prepared for sending and receiving commands. In order to prepare for the data communication, the stream must be initialized and then opened.FIG. 18 describes the initialization process. The following steps occur during the initialization process.
• First thecomponent35 must direct the driver to initialize itself. This is usually a two step process. In the first step, thecomponent35 creates and instance of the driver using the standard OLE CoCreateInstance function. Next, the Initialize method, exposed by the driver, is called to prepare the driver for data transmissions. When the Initialize method is called, the driver first loads any internal data stored in theregistration database42. Next, the driver directs the CDriverDisp to initialize the internal system. The CDriverDisp then directs the CStreamMgr to initialize the streams. Next, the CStreamMgr loads all data from the registration database, including the set of all CLSID's and enabled status' for all streams registered with the driver. Then the CStreamMgr loads each enabled stream by creating a new CStream object for each enabled stream. When creating each CStream object, the CLSID for the underlying stream is passed to the CStream object. When each CStream object is created and attached to a stream component it loads thecomponent35 by calling the standard OLE CoCreateInstance function. Once the CStreamMgr is done, the CDriverDisp directs the CCommandMgr to initialize itself. During its initialization process, the CCommandMgr initializes and loads the CCommandList. Also, when the CCommandMgr is initializing, it loads the CResponseList corresponding to the CCommandList.
• Once the system is initialized, themotion control component35 can direct the driver to carry out certain command operations. Command operations are standard motion control operations such as moving to a specific location in the system, or querying the system for the current position.FIG. 19 describes the process of commanding the driver to carry out a certain operation. When commanding the driver to perform a certain operation the following steps occur.
• First, thecomponent35 directs the driver to perform the operation, such as moving to a position or querying the system for the current position. Next, the driver directs the CDriverDisp object to perform the operation. The CDriverDisp object then directs the CCommandMgr to build the appropriate command. Any parameters related to the command are passed to the CCommandMgr. For example, when directing the driver to move to a certain position, the position information is passed to the CCommandMgr. Next, the CCommandMgr requests the CResponseList to create a CResponse object. The CResponseList looks up the response format and uses it to create a new CResponse object that is returned to the CCommandMgr. Then, the CCommandMgr directs the CCommandList to create the command. Any parameters related to the command are passed to the CCommandList. The CCommandList creates a new CCommand object, looks up the raw command string, and passes it and the command parameters to the CCommand object who then builds the command string.
• The CCommandMgr, then passes the CCommand object, returned by the CCommandList, and the previously created CResponse object to the CStreamMgr object. The CStreamMgr object is directed to process the objects. The CStreamMgr passes the CCommand and CResponse objects to all enabled CStream objects. The CStream object queries the CCommand object for the full command string in raw text form. The raw text command is passed to the stream component. Next, the CStream object waits for the response, then reads the raw text response into a buffer. The raw text response is then passed to the CResponse object. Next the CRETONNE object is returned to the CStreamMgr, who returns it to the CCommandMgr, who returns it to the CDriverDisp object. Eventually the CResponse returns to the CDriverDisp object, who then directs the CResponse to convert the response into a generic C++ type. The generic type is returned to themotion control component35.
• Once thecomponent35 is finished using the driver, the driver must be released by calling its Release method. Releasing the driver frees all resources used by the driver.FIG. 20 describes the process of releasing the driver. The following steps occur when cleaning up and freeing all resources used by the driver.
• First, thecomponent35 must call the driver's Release method. When called, the driver directs the CDriverDisp object to release any resources used. The CDriverDisp then directs the CStreamMgr to free any resources used. The CStreamMgr then frees all active CStream objects. Each CStream object releases all stream component interfaces used. Next the CDriverDisp directs the CCommandMgr to free all of its resources. During its clean-up, the CCommandMgr frees the CCommandList object. To complete its clean-up, the CCommandMgr frees the CResponseList object.
• Attached hereto as Appendix D is a document that describes the actual OLE Interfaces exposed, the definitions of the data structures used when passing data around, and the definitions of each class used internally by the driver.
IV. Streams
• This section describes thestream component28 used as the data transport layer between thedriver30 component and the destination output location such as themotion control device20 and/or theoutput file34. For example, when using motion control hardware that is connected to the PC Bus, thedriver30 Component will communicate with the PCBus stream component28.
• The design of astream component28 will be discussed in three parts. First, a Module Interaction-Map describes the modules that are involved, with respect to the stream, and how they interact with one another. Next, the Object Interaction-Map breaks the Module Interaction-Map down into a more detailed view that not only displays the interactions occurring between modules, but also the interactions taking place between the C++ objects within thestream component28. Then, the Object Interaction-Map is “tested” by running it through several Scenario-Maps. Each Scenario-Map displays the object interactions taking place during a certain operation.
• The Module Interaction-Map shown inFIG. 22 displays all modules that interact with thestream component28. Interactions begin from two different perspectives. First, thedriver administrator32 interacts with thestream component28 when installing, removing, and configuring the stream. Next, when used, eachdriver30 interacts with the stream while sending and retrieving data to and from the destination. For example, when a driver writes data to a text file stream, the stream takes care of writing the data out to the file. Or, if the driver reads data from a PC Bus stream, the stream does the actual read from the hardware and passes the data back to the driver.
• Drivers only communicate with streams that have been specifically connected to the driver. Once connected, the stream is used to communicate with the destination object, like the PC Bus, serial I/O connection, text file, or debug monitor.
• Thestream component28 shown inFIG. 22 is the object that operates as the data transport layer for each driver. Each stream has a different target that defines the type of the stream. The following are the current stream targets.
• • PC Bus/WinNT—This Windows NT stream uses a Windows NT .SYS device driver to communicate directly with the motion control hardware connected to the PC Bus.
  • PC Bus/Win95—This Windows 95 stream uses a Windows 95 V×D to communicate directly with the motion control hardware connected to the PC Bus.
  • PC Bus/Win 3.1—This Windows 3.1 stream communicates directly with the motion control hardware connected to the PC Bus.
  • Serial—This stream uses the COMM API to communicate with the motion control hardware connected to the serial port.
  • Text File—This stream is write-only and sends all data to a text file.
  • Debug Monitor—This stream is write only and sends all data to the debug monitor.
  • Custom—This is a custom stream that sends data to an unknown location.
• Similar to the Module Interaction-Map, the Object Interaction-Map displays interactions between modules. In addition, this map, shows all interactions taking place between each C++ object within thestream component28.FIG. 23 is the Object Interaction-Map for thestream component28.
• Each object in the diagram is described as follows. The CStreamDisp object is the dispatch object used to dispatch exposed interface methods. During the dispatch process, all raw data is converted into the appropriate C++ form. For example, collections of data passed between OLE components is usually packaged in a raw block of memory. The CStreamDisp object takes care of packing outgoing data and unpacking incoming data. Data packing involves converting the data between a raw and native C++ format.
• The CRegistryMgr object takes care of managing all data stored in the registration database. Since many streams of the same type may exist at the same time, each stream is assigned a handle. The handle assigned, is used by the stream to look up the location it uses to load and store data in the registration database, much as an library index is used to locate a library book.
• All input and output is funnelled through the ClOMgr manager. Management of input and output operations consists of buffering data and controlling primitives used to transport data to and from the target location.
• The CIOHAL object is the input/output hardware abstraction layer. With in this object lay all hardware dependent code such as calls to inp and outp. Each different type of stream contains a different implementation of this object.
• Scenario-Maps are specialized Object Interaction-Maps that display how each module and the objects inside the stream component interact with one another during the operation described by the map. The Scenario-Maps inFIGS. 24-32 are broken into two different categories; those that are initiated by thedriver administrator32, and those that are initiated by thedriver30.
• Operations directed by the driver administrator are usually related to initializing, uninitializing, and configuring the stream. The following sections describe all operations, directed by the driver administrator, that take place on the stream.
• Before a stream component can be used by anyone, it must be registered in the Windows registration database. Registration is a standard OLE 2.0 operation required in order to use any OLE 2.0 component, such as the stream component.FIG. 24 describes this process. During the registration process, the following steps occur.
• First, the driver administrator must load the DLL, containing the stream component, verify that the module is anstream component28. To do so, the driver administrator calls the DLLGetModuleType function, exported by the stream. If the high byte in the return value contains the value XMC_STREAM_MT, then the driver administrator proceeds and registers the stream by calling its exported function, DLLRegisterServer. When called, the implementation of the DLLRegisterServer writes all OLE 2.0 registration information to the Windows registration database.
• After the stream component is successfully registered, it is ready for initialization. During initialization, the stream component not only initializes itself, but also initializes any device drivers used by registering the driver with the operating system. For example, the Windows NT stream component registers the Windows NT .SYS driver with Windows NT and starts the service.FIG. 25 describes this process. During initialization, the following steps occur.
• First the driver administrator must direct the stream to initialize itself. When making this call, the name and location of the driver used, and the handle of the stream are passed into the method as arguments. Once directed to initialize itself, the stream component calls the CStreamDisp and directs it to initialize the system. The CStreamDisp object then directs the CRegistryMgr to load all pertinent data for the stream using the handle passed to it. The CRegistryMgr loads all data from the registration database. After all information is loaded from the registry, the CStreamDisp directs the ClOMgr to register the appropriate driver with the operating system. The ClOMgr directs the CIOHAL to register the driver, if appropriate. If running in Windows NT, the CIOHAL registers the .SYS driver with the Windows NT operating system and starts the driver. If running in Windows 95, the V×D integrity is verified with a quick, dynamic, load and unload.
• After initializing the stream component, it may be queried for its current settings or directed to set new settings. Since both operations are very similar, only changing settings will be described. Stream settings include data such as: port addresses, IRQ levels, file names, etc. Any data needed to communicate with the output/input target are included in the stream settings.FIG. 26 describes the process of changing the streams settings. During the setup process, the following steps occur.
• First the driver administrator directs the stream to use the data passed to change its internal data. Once directed, the stream component passes the interface method invocation to the CStreamDisp object. The CStreamDisp object then directs the CRegistryMgr to store the new settings. The CRegistryMgr stores the new values in the registration database.
• When the driver administrator is done using a stream component, it must clean up the resources used.FIG. 27 describes this process. During the clean-up process, the following steps occur. First the driver administrator must direct the stream component to clean itself up by calling its Release method. When invoked, the stream component passes the call on to the CStreamDisp object. The CStreamDisp object then directs the CRegistryMgr to save all data. All persistent data is saved to the registration database by the CRegistryMgr.
• Driver directed operations occur when eachdriver30 uses thestream component28 connected to it. Remember, each stream component is used as the data transport layer. Each driver uses the stream to transfer the motion control command data, it generates, to the output target. Streams are also used to transfer data back to the driver when read operations occur. Only certain streams are readable.
• Before the driver can perform operations on the stream, the stream must be initialized. Initialization occurs in two steps. First the OLE stream component must be loaded, and then once it is, the stream must be explicitly initialized.FIG. 28 describes the second portion of the initialization process. The following steps occur during the initialization process.
• First the driver must invoke the Initialize methods exported by one of the stream interfaces. When calling Initialize, the driver passes to the stream, the stream handle. Next, the stream passes the directive on to the CStreamDisp object for dispatching. The CStreamDisp object first directs the CRegistryMgr to load all settings stored in the location defined by the stream handle. The CRegistryMgr reads in the data stored in the registry at the handle. After the data is loaded, the CStreamDisp, directs the ClOMgr to initialize itself. As part of its initialization, the ClOMgr initializes the CIOHAL object that it is using.
• Once a stream has been initialized, it must be opened. Opening a stream places the stream in a state where it can pass data between the driver and the target.FIG. 29 describes the process of opening a stream. When opening a stream, the following steps occur.
• First the driver directs the stream to open itself, by calling the Open exposed interface method. Once directed, the stream passes the call on to the CStreamDisp object. Next, the CStreamDisp object directs the ClOMgr to open the stream. At this time, the ClOMgr prepares any buffers that will later be used when transferring data through the stream. After the buffers are ready, the ClOMgr directs the CIOHAL object to interact with the target and open it. CIOHAL directly communicates with the target or with a device driver and opens the stream. When operating with hardware streams, the device driver, or Serial IO directly communicates with the hardware and prepares it for operation.
• After opening a stream, it is ready to perform data transport operations. There are two main data transport operations available: Reading data, and writing data.FIG. 30 describes the process of writing data to the stream. When writing to the stream, the following steps occur. First the driver directs the stream to write data to the target and passes the data to the stream. Next, the stream passes the data to the CStreamDisp object. The CStreamDisp object passes the block of data to the ClOMgr and directs it to write it to the target. The ClOMgr object either passes the complete block of data to the CIOHAL object, or stores the block in an internal buffer and then passes pieces of the buffer to the CIOHAL object until the complete buffer is sent. The CIOHAL object takes the data passed to it and either sends it directly to the target, passes it to a device driver, or calls COMM API to send the data to the Serial IO port. The device driver or COMM API sends the data directly to the hardware controlled.
• Certain streams, like the PC Bus and Serial IO streams, return data after write operations occur on them. The data returned may be specific to a previous request for data, or status describing the success or failure of the previous write operation.FIG. 31 describes the process of reading data from the stream. It should be noted that not all streams are readable. Currently, the only readable streams are the PC Bus and Serial streams. During the operation of reading data from the target, the following steps occur.
• First the driver directs the stream to read data from the target. The stream passes the call on to the CStreamDisp object. The CStreamDisp object directs the ClOMgr to perform the read. Depending on how the stream is implemented, the ClOMgr may either make one call or multiple calls to the CIOHAL object. If multiple calls are made, all data read is stored in ClOMgr internal buffers. The CIOHAL object either directly communicates to the hardware, uses the COMM API, or a device driver to read the data. If a device driver or the COMM API are used, they directly communicate with the hardware to read the data.
• Once the driver is done using the stream, it must direct the stream to clean-up all resources used. To do so, the driver calls the standard Release method.FIG. 32 displays the sequence of events taking place after the Release method is called. The following steps occur when cleaning up and freeing all resources used by the stream.
• First the driver must call the stream's Release method. Next, the stream directs the CStreamDisp object to release all resources used. The CStreamDisp object then directs the ClOMgr to free any resources used in buffers, etc. Next, the ClOMgr directs the CIOHAL to free any resources used. During its clean-up and depending on the type of stream, the CIOHAL will delete text files used, close the debug monitor, shut-down the hardware, or direct any device drivers to shut-down the hardware. If device drivers or the COMM API are used, they direct the hardware to shut-down.
• FIG. 33 depicts an interface map for thestream28. Attached hereto in Appendix E is a document that describes the actual OLE Interfaces exposed, the definitions of the data structures used when passing data around, and the definitions of each class used internally by the stream.
V. Driver Stub Module
• Thedriver stub module36 is used to fill in the extended SPI functions that thedriver30 is unable to support or implement. By simulating the extended SPI, applications are able to use a larger set of motion control functionality than would be available if the application directly programmed the motion control hardware. In order to implement the extended SPI, the driver stub uses software algorithms that call core SPI interface methods implemented by thedriver30. During the initialization of the driver stub, thedriver30 to use is registered with the driver stub.
• This section describes all aspects of thedriver stub36 in three basic parts. The first part of this section describes all binary modules affecting the driver stub. Next, a more detailed view, that includes all C++ objects used inside the driver stub, is described. Then several processes that take place on the driver stub are described.
• The module interaction-map displays all binary modules and their interactions with thedriver stub36. As can be seen fromFIG. 34, the driver stub is used by thecomponent35. More or less, the driver stub acts as a helper to thecomponent35 by filling in all extended SPI functionality possible.
• By taking the module interaction-map inFIG. 34 and displaying all interactions taking place with all C++ objects implementing the driver stub, we produce what is called the object interaction-map.FIG. 35 is the object interaction-map for thedriver stub36 component.
• Each object in the diagram is described as follows.
• • The CDriverStubDisp object is the dispatch object used to dispatch exposed interface methods. During the dispatch process, all raw data is converted into the appropriate C++ form. For example, collections of data passed between OLE components is usually packaged in a raw block of memory. The CDriverStubDisp object takes care of packing outgoing data and unpacking incoming data. Data packing involves converting the data between a raw and native C++ format.
  • The CSPIMgr object is responsible for managing all SPI issues such as managing the CSimpleDriver by directing it to connect to the appropriate SPI core interfaces exposed by the driver.
  • The CSimpleDriver object is used to directly communicate with the driver implementing the SPI core interfaces. The CSimpleDriver only communicates with the core SPI interfaces implemented by the driver.
• The following discussion describes all main scenarios, or operations, that occur on thedriver stub36. Each scenario-map displays all objects involved, and the interactions that take place between them in the sequence that they occur. All operations on the driver stub originate from themotion control component35. In addition to themotion control component35, the XMC Setup Component interacts with the driver stub when installing thesystem22. It should be noted that all scenarios below assume that thedriver stub36 has already been registered in the OLE system. Registering this component is the responsibility of the setup application and setup component.
• This discussion describes all operations made on the driver stub by themotion control component35. Each section is discussed in the order that they may occur when using the driver.
• As shown inFIG. 36, before using thedriver stub36, themotion control component35 must initialize it by creating an instance of the driver stub, and then initializing the instance created. Calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance completes the first step. After an instance is created, thecomponent35 must call the driver stub exposed Initialize interface method. During initialization, the following steps occur.
• The component creates an instance of the driver stub by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. Once loaded, the CLSID of the driver to use is passed to the driver stub when calling its Initialize exposed interface method. When first loaded, the driver loads any registration data previously stored. Next, thecomponent35 passes the CLSID, of the driver to use, to the CDriverStubDisp object and directs it to initialize the system. The CDriverStubDisp object then directs the CSPIMgr to initialize itself and passes the driver CLSID to it. The CSPIMgr passes the CLSID to the CSimpleDriver and directs it to only query the core SPI interfaces exposed by the driver. The CSimpleDriver loads an instance of the driver then queries all core interfaces exposed by the driver.
• Once the driver stub is initialized, it is ready to perform operations such as performing extended SPI functions.FIG. 37 describes the steps that occur when thecomponent35 directs the driver stub to perform an extended SPI operation. The following steps occur when the operation is requested.
• First thecomponent35 must request the operation and pass all pertinent parameters to the driver stub. Next, the driver stub directs the CDriverStubDisp to handle the operation. The CDriverStubDisp then directs the CSPIMgr to perform the SPI extended function and passes the appropriate XMC_EXT_SPI identifier as a parameter. The CSPIMgr calls the appropriate function corresponding to the XMC_EXT_SPI identifier. The function simulates the extended SPI function and calls the CSimpleDriver for core operations. When directed, the CSimpleDriver performs SPI core functions by directly calling the exposed interfaces implemented by the driver.
• When themotion control component35 is finished using thedriver stub36, it must release it by calling the exposed Release method. Calling the Release method causes the driver stub to free all the resources it uses.FIG. 38 displays this sequence of events. During the clean-up process, the following steps occur.
• First thecomponent35 must direct the driver stub to release all of its resources by calling its Release method. When invoked, the driver component passes the call on to the CDriverStubDisp object. The CDriverStubDisp object then directs the CSPIMgr to release any resources that it was using. The CSPIMgr releases all resources including the CSimpleDriver object used. When freed, the CSimpleDriver releases any interfaces used from the driver.
• FIG. 39 is an interface map of thedriver stub module36. Attached hereto as Appendix F is a document that describes the actual OLE Interfaces exposed, the definitions of the data structures used when passing data around, and the definitions of each class used internally by the driver.
VI. Driver Administrator Module
• Thedriver administrator32 is used from two different perspectives. When the driver administratorControl Panel Applet38 is used to configure the system, the applet directs thedriver administrator32 to carry out the operations. Theapplet38 simply provides the user-interface, and thecomponent35 does the real work of managing drivers and streams used with thesystem22. Using the driver administrator component with the control panel applet is the first perspective on using thecomponent35.
• In the second perspective, themotion control component35 uses the driver administrator component to query for the current set of enabled thedriver30. It should be noted that, currently, only single driver operation is allowed. Clearly, thesystem22 may support multiple drivers that are virtualized. For example, if two, four axis, drivers are installed, applications using the system could act as though they were using an eight axis system.
• This section describes thedriver administrator32 in three main parts. First, all modules interacting with the driver administrator component are described along with their interactions. Next, the module interaction-map is expanded to display all interactions taking place between the C++ objects used to implement thedriver administrator32 Component. This description is called the object interaction-map. Then, the object interaction-map is tested by running it through several scenarios, or scenario-maps. Each scenario-map displays the events and the order in which they occur in a certain process taking place on the driver administrator component.
• The module interaction-map shown inFIG. 40 displays all binary modules and their interactions with thedriver administrator32 Component. Both thedriver administrator CPL38 and themotion control component35 are the main modules that interact with thedriver administrator32 Component.
• The driveradministrator CPL module38 provides the user-interface that allows the user to add, configure, and remove drivers and streams in thesystem22. Thedriver administrator32 handles all driver and stream management. Even though the control panel applet provides the user-interface, thismodule32 does the actual management work.
• In addition, the driver administrator is used by thecomponent35 to access the current driver(s) to use when carrying out motion control operations. For example, if the AT6400 driver is selected as the current driver when thecomponent35 queries the driver administrator, the driver administrator returns the CLSID of the AT6400 driver.
• Taking thedriver administrator32, displayed in the module interaction-map, and displaying all interactions occurring between the C++ objects used to implement theadministrator34, produces the object interaction-map therefor. The object interaction-map for thedriver administrator32 is shown inFIG. 41.
• Each object in the diagram is described as follows.
• The CDriverAdminDisp object is the dispatch object used to dispatch exposed interface methods. During the dispatch process, all raw data is converted into the appropriate C++ form. For example, collections of data passed between OLE components is usually packaged in a raw block of memory. The CDriverAdminDisp object takes care of packing outgoing data and unpacking incoming data. Data packing involves converting the data between a raw and native C++ format.
• The CDriverInfoMap object is used to build the information used by thedriver administrator CPL38 when displaying information about each driver or stream.
• The CModuleMgr object is responsible for managing all stream and driver modules in the system. A list of all drivers registered are stored persistently in the registration database by the CModuleMgr. Each time a driver or stream is accessed the CModuleMgr is used to get the module.
• The CSimpleDriver object is used to directly communicate with the driver component. All OLE specific details are encapsulated within this object.
• The CSimpleStream object is used to directly communicate with the stream component. All OLE specific details are encapsulated within this object.
• FIGS. 42-49 describe all main scenarios, or operations, that occur on thedriver administrator32. Each scenario-map displays all objects involved, and the interactions that take place between them in the sequence that they occur.
• Referring now toFIG. 42, before using the driver administrator component, it must be initialized.FIG. 42 describes the process of initializing the driver administrator component from either the driver administrator control panel applet or the motion control component. During initialization, the following steps occur.
• First, either the control panel applet or the motion control component must create an instance of the driver administrator component by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. Next, the exposed Initialize interface method must be called. When the Initialize method is called, the driver administrator component directs the CDriverAdminDisp to initialize the system. Next, the CDriverAdminDisp directs the CModuleMgr to initialize itself and any modules that it is managing. The CModuleMgr, first, loads all information from the registration database. Then for each driver registered, the CModuleMgr creates an instance of the driver by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. Next, the CModuleMgr calls each drivers Initialize method, passing to the method the CLSID of the driver component to attach. The CSimpleDriver attaches to the driver component by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance.
• Thedriver administrator32 can register both drivers and streams. Registering drivers is very direct, since the driver administrator manages the drivers registered in the system. Registering streams, on the other hand, is more complex, since each stream must be registered with a driver and the driver manages the streams registered with it, not the driver administrator. The following discussion describes the process of registering both drivers and streams.
• Registering a driver entails verifying that the module is actually a driver, verifying that the driver can be loaded, and storing the driver information in a persistent location.FIG. 43 describes this process. When registering a driver, the following steps occur.
• First, the driver administrator CPL passes the name of the driver and directs the driver administrator component to register it. Next, the driver administrator component passes the driver name to the CDriverAdminDisp and directs it to register the module. The CDriverAdminDisp directs the CModuleMgr to register the new driver. The CModuleMgr creates a new CSimpleDriver and requests it to register the driver. First the CSimpleDriver verifies that the driver is valid by calling its DLLGetModuleType exported function. If the function returns XMC_DRIVER_MT the CSimpleDriver then calls the driver's exported function DLLRegisterServer to register the module in the OLE system. Next the CLSID is queried from the module by calling its exported DLLGetCLSID function. The CLSID returned is then used to load the driver by calling the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. If the CSimpleDriver is successful, the CModuleMgr stores the driver CLSID in the registration database.
• Registering a stream is similar to registering a driver, but a little more complex, since each stream must be registered with a specific driver.FIG. 44 displays the process of registering a stream. When registering a stream, the following steps occur.
• First, the driver administrator CPL passes the CLSID of the driver and the filename of the stream to register with the driver, to the driver administrator component. The driver administrator component directs the CDriverAdminDisp to register the stream. The CDriverAdminDisp object directs the CModuleMgr to register the stream and passes the CLSID of the driver and the name of the stream along to it. First, the CModuleMgr verifies that the CLSID of the driver one of the registered drivers. If it is not, the driver is registered as discussed above.
• Next, the CModuleMgr creates a new CSimpleStream object and directs it to verify and load the stream component. The CSimpleStream first verifies that the module is actually anstream component28 by calling its exported DLLGetModuleType function. If the function returns XMC_STREAM_MT, the CSimpleStream continues and registers the stream component by calling its DLLRegisterServer exported function. Finally, the CSimpleStream object queries the new module for its CLSID by calling the module's exported DLLGetCLSID function. The new CLSID is used, by the CSimpleStream, to load the stream component using the standard OLE function CoCreateInstance. If the CSimpleStream succeeds, the CLSID of the stream is passed along to the CSimpleDriver who is directed to register the stream. The CSimpleDriver passes the CLSID to the driver component and directs it to register the stream.
• The following discussion describes setting information in either a driver or stream. When the user edits information in the driver administratorcontrol panel applet38, theapplet38 directs thedriver administrator32 to edit the settings for the stream or driver being edited. The following discussion describes how this configuration process works.
• Editing the settings of a driver takes place when the user changes the driver settings displayed in the driver administrator CPL. Changing these settings causes the process described inFIG. 45 to occur within the driver administrator component. The following steps occur when setting the driver configuration.
• When driver settings are changed in theCPL38, the driver administrator CPL directs the driver administrator component to make the appropriate changes to the driver corresponding to the driver handle. A XMC_DRIVER_INFO structure is passed to thecomponent35, describing the new values for the driver. The driver administrator component takes the XMC_DRIVER_INFO structure and the handle to the driver and passes the information to the CDriverAdminDisp object, directing it to change the settings in the driver. The CDriverAdminDisp object directs the CModuleMgr to edit the driver corresponding to the driver handle. The CModuleMgr locates the CSimpleDriver with the handle and directs it to change its settings to those stored in the XMC_DRIVER_INFO structure. The CSimpleDriver passes the XMC_DRIVER_INFO structure to the driver component and directs it to change its settings.
• As shown inFIG. 46, when the user edits stream settings in thedriver administrator CPL38, the following steps occur.
• After the user changes settings for the stream in the CPL, the driver administrator CPL directs the driver administrator component to change the stream's settings and passes a handle to the driver containing the stream, a handle to the stream, and a XMC_STREAM_INFO structure describing the new values. The driver administrator component directs the CDriverAdminDisp object to change the streams settings. The CDriverAdminDisp object directs the CModuleMgr to change the settings of the stream corresponding to the handle.
• First, the CModuleMgr locates the driver corresponding to the driver handle. Next, it requests the CSimpleDriver to change the settings for the is stream corresponding to the stream handle. The CSimpleDriver searches for the stream corresponding to the stream handle and directs it to change its settings to those stored in the XMC_STREAM_INFO structure. The CSimpleStream directly communicates with the stream component and directs it to change its settings to those in the XMC_STREAM_INFO structure.
• There are two different types of information that may be queried from the driver administrator32: the enumeration of all drivers registered, and the driver information map. Themotion control component35 uses the driver enumeration when selecting the set of drivers to use and control during motion control operations. The driver information map, on the other hand, is used by thedriver administrator CPL38 to update the user-interface display describing all drivers and streams registered in the system. The following discussion describes the process of querying for both the driver enumeration and the driver information map. Querying for the driver enumeration occurs during the initialization of themotion control component35. When initializing, thecomponent35 must know what drivers to use when performing motion control operations. Thedriver administrator32 Component is used for that very purpose. Querying the driver enumeration just returns a pointer to the IXMC_EnumDriver interface exposed by thedriver administrator32 Component.FIG. 47 displays the events that occur when using the interface to get each driver in the enumeration. Using the interface causes, the following steps occur.
• First, themotion control component35 queries thedriver administrator32 Component for the next driver. Next, thedriver administrator32 Component directs the CDriverAdminDisp to get the next driver supported. The CDriverAdminDisp directs the CModuleMgr to get the next driver. The CModuleMgr then directs the CSimpleDriver to either return the CLSID or a pointer to the IUnknown interface for the driver, depending on the parameters of the enumeration. If the CSimpleDriver is requested to return a pointer to the IUnknown interface, the interface is queried from the driver component.
• Another set of information that may be queried from thedriver administrator32 consists of the driver information map. This data is used by thedriver administrator CPL38 when displaying information describing the drivers and streams registered in the system. As shown inFIG. 48, when querying the system for the driver interface map, the following steps occur.
• First, thedriver administrator CPL38 queries thedriver administrator32 Component for the current driver information map. When queried, the driver administrator component directs the CDriverAdminDisp to create and load a CDriverInfoMap class. The CDriverAdminDisp creates the CDriverInfoMap. Next, the CDriverAdminDisp passes the CDriverInfoMap to the CModuleMgr and directs it to load the information map. The CModuleMgr queries each driver registered for its internal information. Each CSimpleDriver communicates directly with the driver component and queries it for all pertinent driver information. Next, the CModuleMgr queries each driver for a list of all streams registered with the driver. Using the stream enumeration, each CSimpleDriver creates an array of CSimpleStream objects and returns the array to the CModuleMgr. For each CSimpleStream object in each array, the CModuleMgr queries for all pertinent stream information. Each CSimpleStream communicates directly with the stream component and queries it for all information describing the stream.
• After thedriver administrator CPL38 or themotion control component35 are finished using thedriver administrator32, they must release thecomponent35 to free any resources it was using.FIG. 49 describes this process. When cleaning up after a call to the Release method, the following steps occur.
• First, either thedriver administrator CPL38 or themotion control component35 must direct thedriver administrator32 Component to release itself by calling its Release method. Next, the driver administrator component directs the CDriverAdminDisp object to free all resources used in the system. The CDriverAdminDisp then directs the CModuleMgr to free any resources that it is using. First, the CModuleMgr traces through all CSimpleDriver objects, querying each for their CLSID and enabled state. Next, each CSimpleDriver is freed. Each CSimpleDriver object freed, frees all arrays of CSimpleStream objects registered with it. When freed, each CSimpleStream object releases all interfaces that it was using from the stream component. In its final clean-up, each CSimpleDriver releases all interfaces that it was using from the driver component. All CLSID and enabled state information is stored persistently in the registration database.
• FIG. 50 depicts an interface map for thedriver administrator32. Also, attached hereto as Appendix G is a document that describes the actual OLE Interfaces exposed, the definitions of the data structures used when passing data around, and the definitions of each class used internally by thedriver administrator32 component.
VII. Driver Administrator CPL Applet
• This document describes the design of the driver administrator control panel applet38 (CPL) that is used by the user to add, configure, and remove bothdrivers30 andstream components28 later used by thecomponent35 when directed to carry out motion control operations. With regard to design, there are three main types of “views” used to look at how the control panel applet works.
• First, a module interaction map shown in FIG. displays all main executable and user-interactable items, or modules, that the CPL uses and interacts with. For example, when a dialog is displayed by the CPL executable, both the dialog and the CPL modules are considered to interact with one another. Technically, the dialog is not a module since it is a figment displayed on the screen, but none the less, module interaction maps classify them as such since they are key destination points for user-input.
• Second, an object interaction map shown inFIG. 52 displays all main objects making up the modules described in the module interaction map. Objects consist of the actual instances of C++ classes defining each object. All interactions between the objects are drawn out in this interaction map.
• Finally,FIGS. 53-57 display a set of scenario maps are drawn out using the object interaction map as a basis. Scenario interaction-maps describe the interactions taking place during a specific operation. Initialization, Adding a driver to the system, and Viewing the support offered by a driver, are all examples of a scenario interaction-map.
• The design goals for thedriver administrator32 are the following:
• • 1. User-Interface separation—Implement all user-interface elements used to control thedriver administrator32 Component.
  • 2. Upgradable to OCX Client—Eventually each driver and stream may implement all UI elements with an OCX that then passes all input to the corresponding driver or stream. Thedriver administrator CPL38 must be designed in a way that is easy to upgrade to become an OCX client.
  • 3. Provide Stream Independence—drivers30 should not be required to usestreams28 in order to operate. The design of thedriver administrator32 must make amends to ensure that it is not dependent onstream component28 operations to operate.
  • 4. Use Windows 95 UI—When ever possible, Windows 95 UI elements should be used. For example, TreeViews, ImageLists, Button Bars, Tab Dialogs and any other UI elements should be put to use to ensure a Windows 95 look-and-feel.
• The following discussion describes the module interaction map for thecontrol panel applet38. A module is defined as either an executable binary, an external data file, or a main user-interface element used when interacting with the user.FIG. 51 is a drawing of all modules that interact with each other when running the driver administrator control panel applet.
• Thedriver administrator CPL38 is a control panel applet. And, a control panel applet is a special DLL that exports several functions allowing the Windows Control Panel to communicate with the applet.
• The Driver Administrator Dialog is the main dialog that appears when selecting the control panel applet icon from the Windows Control Panel.
• The Browse Dialog is used to query the user for a filename. For example when adding a new stream or driver, the driver administrator uses this dialog to ask the user for the location of the new driver or stream to add.
• The View Support Dialog displays the support provided by the selecteddriver30. Each driver may support a different set of extended functionality. This dialog shows the user exactly how much support is provided by each driver allowing them to determine which functions within their application may not operate when using the driver.
• Unlike the Module Interaction-Map described above, the Object Interaction-Map shown inFIG. 52 describes how the actual instances of C++ objects interact with one another within each module.
• Other than showing that each dialog is managed by the object, whose name is displayed in the dialog, the main difference from the module IA-map are both the CComCPL and CDriverAdmin C++ objects. Both objects are described below.
• As the description of each dialog class is fairly straight forward and very similar to the dialog description above they will not be described in this section. This section will describe all other C++ objects.
• The CComCPL is a C++ object that is generated by the COMBuilder application from a template. It is used to handle all Windows messages sent from the Control Panel Application.
• The CDriverAdmin object is used to drive, control, and manage the use of thedriver administrator32 Component. For example, all OLE 2.0 interface management and data translation is handled by this object. Data translation involves translating data from a standard C++ format to a raw format that is handled easily with the OLE 2.0 data transfer mechanisms.
• Scenario Interaction-Maps are almost identical to object interaction-maps but they only display the objects and interactions taking part in a specific operation. Also, each interaction is numbered by the sequence in which they occur while the operation is running. The following discussion describes several key operations that occur while running thedriver administrator CPL38 Applet.
• Initialization occurs when the user first runs the CPL Applet. During this process all other objects are initialized and several modules are loaded. There are two steps that take place during the initialization process: First the application is initialized, and second the dialog is initialized with values queried from thedriver administrator32 Component. The following sections describe each.
• Initializing the application, which is shown inFIG. 53, occurs when the application is first run and the main dialog has not yet been displayed. When initializing the application, the following steps occur.
• Through a Windows message, Windows notifies the CComCPL object that the Control Panel Applet has just been loaded. CComCPL then loads the CDriverAdminDialog and tells it to do any dialog prepping before going modal. Next, CDriverAdminDialog loads any settings stored in the Registration Database. For example, the current window position and active tab may be stored in the database. CDriverAdminDialog then Loads the CDriverAdmin class and directs it to initialize itself. During initialization, CDriverAdminDialog creates an instance of thedriver administrator32 and queries all interfaces that will be used.
• Once the application is initialized, the default settings to be displayed in the dialog must be set. These values are set when the dialog is initialized, just before displaying it.FIG. 54 describes this process. During the process of initializing the dialog, the following steps occur.
• During the dialog preparation that occurs before the DoModal call, CDriverAdminDialog queries the CDriverAdmin object for the driver enumeration to be used when setting initial values to be displayed in the dialog box. CDriverAdmin uses thedriver administrator32 Component to query for the driver information map, which is then passed back to the CDriverAdminDialog. Once receiving the driver information map, the CDriverAdminDialog uses the information to update all user-interface items related to either drivers or streams.
• Adding a driver to thesystem22 can be broken down into two steps. First, the module name must be added to the system. Next, thedriver administrator32 main dialog must update itself to reflect the new driver just added.
• Adding a driver occurs when the user presses the “Add . . . ” button on thedriver administrator32's main dialog.FIG. 55 describes this process. When adding a new driver, the following steps occur.
• When adding a driver, first the user must press the “Add . . . ” button. After pressing the button, CDriverAdminDialog opens up the common open file dialog. The user must enter in the filename of the driver to add and close the dialog. CDriverAdminDialog then passes the filename to the CDriverAdmin object and calls the RegisterDriver method passing in the name of the module to register as a driver. CDriverAdmin then passes the driver filename to thedriver administrator32 Component and directs it to register the driver in thesystem22.
• The process of updating the main dialog is identical to the process of initializing the dialog discussed above.
• Similar to the process of adding a new driver, removing a driver involves both removing the driver from the system and then updating the main dialog. Pressing the “Remove” button removes a driver from the XMC software system.FIG. 56 describes this process. The following steps occur when removing a driver.
• To remove a driver, the user must first select the “Remove” button. After pressing the button, the selected driver or parent driver to the selected stream will be removed. CDriverAdminDialog passes the XMC_HDRIVER of the driver to the CDriverAdmin and directs it to remove the driver by calling its UnRegister method. CDriverAdmin passes the XMC_HDRIVER to thedriver administrator32 Component and directs it to UnRegister the driver.
• The process of updating the main dialog is identical to the process of initializing the dialog discussed above.
• Viewing Support involves viewing the level of support implemented by the selected driver.FIG. 57 describes the process of providing this information to the user via the View Support Dialog. The following steps occur when viewing the support provided by the driver.
• First the user must select the “View Support” button on the driver administrator main dialog. When selected, CDriverAdminDialog queries CDriverAdmin for the driver support information. CDriverAdmin passes the query on to thedriver administrator32 component who actually fills out the information. Once the queried information is returned, the CDriverAdminDialog passes it on to CViewSupportDialog. CViewSupportDialog initializes itself using the driver support information.
• Attached hereto as Appendix H is a document that describes the actual OLE Interfaces exposed, the definitions of the data structures used when passing data around, and the definitions of each class used internally by thedriver administrator32.
VIII. Driver Administrator CPL Applet
• This section contains a description of the driver administratorcontrol panel applet38. When using thedriver administrator32 to configure the motion control system, there are two main items that the user will work with: drivers and streams. Eachdriver30 generates the hardware specific, control codes that are then sent to the selectedstream component28. Streams facilitate the data transport layer between the driver and the control-code destination.
• Depending on the current hardware setup, different streams may be used. For example, if the hardware is connected to the PC Bus, a PC Bus stream will be used to communicate to it. On the other hand, if the hardware is connected through a serial cable to a serial I/O Port, the serial stream will be used. Finally, all hardware configurations may use the file stream. When using the file stream, all control-codes are sent to the specified file that can be downloaded to the hardware at a later time.
• This section describes both drivers and streams, and how each is configured. This section initially describes the driver items and all property pages used to edit them. This section also contains a description of the streams and their property pages. Finally, this section describes the about box containing details on the Software.
• The main purpose of each driver is to generate the hardware-specific control-codes directing the hardware to carry out specific motion control actions. For example, such actions may include querying the hardware for the current position or directing the hardware to move to a predetermined location in the system. The following discussion describes the property pages used to configure each driver.
• There are two types of properties affecting each driver. First, a set of defaults may be set that are used by themotion control component35 as recommended values. The scaling and units used are several example default values. In addition to setting default values, if the driver supports more advanced configuration, pressing the Advanced . . . button will display a dialog box used to set the driver configuration. For example, if a driver does not support streams, the advanced configuration dialog, provided by the driver, will allow the user to set the I/O Port and IRQ settings.
• Theproperties affecting drivers30 are as follows.
• • Scaling—Setting the scaling property affects the default scaling used on all axes within the motion control system. The range for scaling values is (0.0, 1.0]. Default setting may be overridden when programming XMC by using the IXMC_StaticState interface.
  • Units—Setting the units property affects all coordinates used when programming thesystem22.
• The unit descriptions are as follows:
• • MM_ENGLISH—Inches are used as the base unit for all coordinates
  • MM_METRIC—Millimeters are used as the base unit for all coordinates.
  • MM_NATIVE—The native coordinates defined by the hardware system are used. Coordinates used to program XMC are mapped 1:1 to the hardware coordinates.
  • Advanced . . . —Pressing this button will display a dialog used to edit any advanced properties for the driver that may be edited by the user.
• In addition to allowing the user to set properties, each driver property page displays the full names of both the hardware supported and the hardware vendor who makes the hardware.
• The buttons along the bottom of the windows work with the selected driver or stream. The following discussion describes each button and what it does.
• Pressing the Make Default button selects the current driver to be the default. If a stream is selected, its parent driver becomes the default driver. The default driver is later used by themotion control component35
• Selecting the Add . . . button, displays the Add Module dialog. This dialog is used to add new drivers and streams to thesystem22. Once selected, the new driver or stream will be displayed in the Driver tree view. When adding a stream, the stream is added under the currently selected driver. To enable the stream, you must select the enable check box located in the streams property page.
• Selecting the Remove button, removes the current driver or stream selected. If a driver is removed all of its streams are also removed.
• Selecting the View Support . . . button displays a dialog used to view the level of XMC support implemented by the driver. For example, all API interfaces and subsequent methods are displayed. If a lack of implementation within the driver prohibits an API interface from operating, thedriver stub36 is used. If the lack of implementation within thedriver30 cannot be replaced by operations within thedriver stub36, the interface or method is disabled.
• The following are descriptions of each graphic found in the XMC Support View Dialog.
• • D—This graphic means that the interface or method is implemented by thedriver30.
  • S—This graphic means that the interface or method is implemented within thedriver stub36.
  • X—This graphic means that the interface or method is disabled because of a lack of implementation within thedriver30.
• Like the properties page, a debug page is also provided to set all debugging settings for the driver. Each driver may specify that all API calls used to control the driver are logged. The logging settings only affect the current driver selected. The Output field allows you to select the output stream where all debug information is sent. When Streams is enabled, debug information is sent to the specified text file. When Debug Monitor is enabled, debug information is sent to the debug monitor if it is running. Using Enable to enable a stream turns it on causing all debug information generated to be sent to the stream. More than one stream may be enabled at one time.
• Stream Settings are available for each debug stream supported. Text File allows the name of the text file may be set. The Debug Monitor can only be enabled and disabled.
• A stream is the transport layer used by the driver to pass data to the destination location. The destination location may be the actual motion control hardware or even a text file. Usually the control language used by a hardware vendor is supported by several different flavors of their motion control hardware. For example, some vendors have both PC Bus based and Serial I/O based motion control hardware that understand the same control language. In such a case, the same driver would be used for each hardware setup but it would communicate with different streams depending on the specific hardware setup. Graphically, each stream is listed below each driver that uses the stream.
• This section describes the streams supported by thesystem22 and how they are configured.
• The PC Bus stream sends all data directly to a PC Bus based motion control hardware system by writing to the specified I/O Ports and IRQ's defined by the hardware. This section describes both the properties and debug settings available for the PC Bus Stream.
• Stream properties only affect the currently selected stream. The user is required to select certain settings, such as the I/O Port and IRQ. Without setting these values, the PC Bus Stream will not be able to communicate with the hardware. The properties affecting PC Bus Streams are described below.
• The I/O Port is the base port used to communicate with the motion control hardware that the stream is to send data to.
• The IRQ is the interrupt request level used by the hardware.
• Pressing the Advanced . . . button will display a dialog allowing the user to edit more advanced stream options. For example, if the stream supports a Port I/O map that the user can edit, the port map would be displayed in this dialog. This button is only enabled for streams supporting advanced features that the user may edit.
• When debugging an application program it may be useful to see what codes are actually sent to the hardware. The Debug Settings page for streams allows the user to enable and disable both the Cmd and Bit Streams. The Cmd Stream is used to log all command-codes sent to the hardware. If this level of detail does not provide you with enough information, the Bit Stream may be used. When enabled, the Bit Stream logs all values sent through each hardware port. All values read from and written to each port used by the hardware are logged. Note, when enabled, both streams may significantly slow down the application programming the motion control system.
• Serial RS-232 Streams are used to send data from the driver to motion control hardware connected to the computer through the serial I/O port. Both property and debug settings only affect the selected Serial RS-232 Stream. The following discussion describes the available settings in each in detail.
• All Serial RS-232 property settings must be set by the user for they let the stream know what I/O port and communication protocol to use when communicating with the hardware. The properties affecting Serial RS-232 Streams are as described below.
• The Port is the serial port that the hardware is connected to. COM1-COM4 are valid ports that can be used.
• The Baud Rate is the speed of data transmission supported by the hardware.
• When Hardware is selected a more efficient, but less compatible, communication protocol is used to communicate to the hardware. If errors occur when this protocol is selected, use the XON/XOFF communication protocol.
• When the XON/XOFF communication protocol is selected a simple and more compatible communication protocol is used.
• Debug settings for the Serial RS-232 Stream are very similar to those supported by the PC Bus Stream. Serial RS-232 Streams only support command logging through the Cmd Stream and do not support bit logging.
• The Text File Stream is used to build control-code programs for later use. Using this stream facilitates running the XMC software in code-generation-mode. No motion control actions take place when running in this mode. Instead, control-code programs may be built and stored to file. Later, after programs are built and saved, they may be downloaded to the motion control hardware and run. The following discussion describes the property and debug settings for the Text File Stream.
• The main property set, when configuring a Text File Stream, is the actual name and location of the file to use. Once set, the stream is ready for use.
• The following properties may be configured for the Text File Stream:
• Filename is the filename and location of the file used to store all control-codes generated by thedriver30 selected. Pressing the Browse . . . button displays a dialog allowing you to graphically select the location and filename to use.
• No debug settings are available for the Text File Stream.
• It should be clear from the foregoing that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description; all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (21)

1. A system for allowing communication between a software application and at least one motion controller in a set of motion controllers, comprising:

a set of motion operations consisting of primitive motion operations and non-primitive motion operations, where

non-primitive motion operations can be performed using a plurality of primitive motion operations, and

primitive motion operations cannot be performed using a plurality of primitive motion operations;

a set of motion commands, where at least one motion command is associated with one of the primitive motion operations;

a set of selectable software modules, where

each software module is associated with at least one motion controller in the set of motion controllers, and

at least two selectable software modules expose a common software interface;

a software system capable of commanding motion controllers to perform motion operations using the common software interfaces exposed by the software modules; and

a driver administrator capable of selecting and loading at least one of the set of selectable software modules; wherein

the software application comprises a plurality of motion commands associated with a desired motion sequence, where the application comprises at least one motion command associated with a primitive motion operation;

the software system uses the driver administrator to select at least one selected software module;

the software application uses the driver administrator to load the selected software module; and

the software system commands at least one selected motion controller to perform the desired motion sequence using

the plurality of motion commands of the software application, and

the common software interface exposed by the at least one selected software module associated with the at least one selected motion controller.

2. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which a definition of the common software interface is programmatically acquirable.

3. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which a definition of the common software interface is acquirable from at least one of the selectable software modules in the set of selectable software modules.

4. A system as recited inclaim 1, further comprising an operating system on which the software module is run.

5. A system as recited inclaim 4, in which a definition of the common software interface is acquirable from the operating system.

6. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which a definition of the common software interface is acquirable from a persisted storage medium.

7. A system as recited inclaim 6, in which the persisted storage medium is a disk file.

8. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which at least one motion operation causes data to be read from the motion controller.

9. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which at least one motion operation causes data to be received from the motion controller.

10. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which at least one motion operation causes motion data to be written to the motion controller.

11. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which at least one motion operation causes an object to move.

12. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which at least one motion operation causes a motion device to move.

13. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which the software system further comprises a user interface for selecting at least one selectable software module.

14. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which the software system further comprises software functionality that causes the driver administrator to programmatically select at least one selectable software module.

15. A system as recited inclaim 1, further comprising a selection software module comprising a user interface that allows at least one selectable software module to be selected.

16. A system as recited inclaim 1, further comprising a selection software module comprising software functionality that programmatically selects at least one selectable software module.

17. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which the motion commands comprise:

non-primitive motion commands, where each non-primitive motion operation is associated with at least one non-primitive motion operation; and

primitive motion commands, where each primitive motion command is associated with at least one primitive motion operation.

18. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which each of the selectable software modules is a binary module.

19. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which the software application is a binary module.

20. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which the driver administrator is a binary module.

21. A system as recited inclaim 1, in which

each of the selectable software modules is a binary module;

the software application is a binary module; and

the driver administrator is a binary module.

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