FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates to lubricants or bio-lubricants and chemically modification of biomasses and renewable row materials.
Recently will be researched on two important topics: the increased use of renewable row materials especially as lubricants and secondly the improvement of lubricative features through replacing sliding to rolling on molecular level.
The first step into the creation of such replacing is my German patent Nr. 198 25 129 describing the use of fluorated proteins as lubricants. The broad spectrum of different variants was not elaborated in this patent but will be elaborated in the present invention. The chemical modification of biomasses can improve their lubricative features and if they will be mixed with oils, fats or pastes, these oils, fats or pastes can be saved or used more efficiently and sparely and the mixtures can show improved lubricative features.
An object of the present invention is to create a solution for replacing or spared using lubricants based on fossil row materials to lubricants based on biomasses and renewable raw materials thereby the quality of lubrication can be improved. To attain the foregoing object, the present invention provides the solution described hereinbelow: biomasses or dead animal or insect bodies, bacterial biomasses, consisting preferably fromE. coli, cyanobacterial biomasses preferably consisting fromNostoc, Anabaena, algal biomasses preferably consisting from green alga,Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Chlorellared and brown alga,Porphyra, moss biomasses, insect biomasses preferably consisting from cockroachesBlattodea, locustsCicadidae, fish biomasses preferably consisting fromPoecilia, especiallyPoecilia reticulatawill be chemically modified by treatment with HF, HCl, HJ, HBr, H2SO4, HNO3, selenium, bor or other substances.
The mass can be pressed and heated either before or after this chemical modification. Halogenated or modified masses listed above, will be stabilized and become better lubricative features which are analogous to teflon surface.
Such masses can be mixed with oils, fats or pastes and these oils, fats or pastes can be used more sufficiently or efficiently and sparely. Also non-chemically modified biomasses, especially algal biomasses and both chemically-modified and non-modified biomolecules as well as their mixtures or compositions can be used to attain the foregoing object, because both biomasses and biomolecules are renewable row materials and they can improve lubricative features by coupled fluorine atoms, complexing with selen, by acting as nanopellets, as well as by acting as micropellets thereby be coated by lipids i.e. forming pellets coated or covered with lipids. Thereby the volume of lipids, i.e. lipids will be saved and used more efficiently and pellets covered with lipids can replace sliding to rolling on molecular level and thereby improve lubricative features of the solution.
The added biomass influences the features of the resulting solutions by its own volume and features. The volume of the biomass, which is renewable, replaces the volume of oil in which the biomass is solved or mixed or added, thus by adding biomasses to oils, these oils can be saved or used more efficiently.
The features of both chemically modified and non-modified biomasses are similar to those of oils. Thus, such mixtures are novel lubricants.
Both chemically modified and non chemically modified biomolecules can act as nanopellets and replace sliding to rolling on molecular levels and thus improve lubricative features and the quality of lubricants. These molecules can also arrange lipids on molecular level or be coated or covered by them also acting thereby as nano or micropellets or liposomes or lisosomes and both replace sliding to rolling on molecular level and spare oil by arranging lipids and forming them to pellets. Thus, the features and the quality of these lubricants can be improved.
The mixtures containing both the biomasses and biomolecules which are both modified and non-modified according to the present invention can be considered and be used as novel lubricants with advantages listed above.
The method for preparing them can include pressure and heating as well as modification by adding HF, HCl, HJ, HBr, H2SO4, HNO3, selen and bor for improvement of amorphous surface feature of the mass.
The biomasses can be selected from bacterial biomasses, consisting preferably fromE. coli, cyanobacterial biomasses preferably consisting fromNostoc, Anabaena, algal biomasses preferably consisting from green alga,Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Chlorella, red and brown alga,Porphyra, moss biomasses, insect biomasses, preferably consisting from cockroachesBlattodea, locustsCicadidae, fish biomasses preferably consisting fromPoecilia, especiallyPoecilia reticulata, animal biomasses consisting from dead degraded animal bodies such as dog, cat, cow, rat bodies or biomasses on sea shores for example remaining after tides. These biomasses should be utilized.
The biomolecules are for example proteins such as storage proteins gliadins, vicilins, amino acids, nucleic acids DNA, RNA, nucleotides, mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides.
Chlorellawith HF
Chlorella(Chlorella vulgaris) is an alga, that can be good cultivated. 1 l of solution containing approximately 80%Chlorellaalga in fresh water will be mixed with 1 l diluted 10 percent HF and than mixed carefully. The solution after reaction will be than mixed in proportion 1 to 2 with olive oil. The product has lubricative features and oil will be spared.
Prepared mixtures containing olive oil and alga in different proportions (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 3:1, 2:1) show good lubricative features and oil will be spared.
Wheat proteins mixed with oil (50 g in 1 l) can evolve the effect of surface protection.
The prepared mixture comprising bromated proteins and olive oil (1:10) can show improved lubricative and surface protective features.
The prepared mixture comprising fluoratedChlorella, wheat proteins and olive oil (10:1:20) can show lubricative features, whereby oil can be spared.
The prepared mixture comprising fluoratedChlorella, bromated wheat proteins and olive oil (10:1:15) can show lubricative features and oil can be spared.