US20080187210A1 - Personal bill denomination reader - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus includes a pattern recognizer configured to identify a match of an image of a portion of a bill to one of a plurality of templates. The pattern recognizer is configured to use a rotation-invariant pattern matching algorithm. The apparatus further includes an output device to provide an indication when the match has been identified.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS
• The present application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/776,930, filed Feb. 11, 2004, the contents of which are expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
• The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for reading a denomination of currency.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
• People with low or no vision typically develop sophisticated methods to identify the denomination of currency in their possession. These methods typically involve folding and segmentation of bills in a unique manner for each denomination of currency. For example, $20 bills may be folded in a first unique way, and $10 bills may be folded in a second unique way. However, when receiving a bill such as when receiving change, the aforementioned people must trust that the individual giving them the bills are correctly identifying them.
• There is an existing device that reads bill denominations that uses standard bill reading technology, much like that found in a vending machine, and provides an audio output. The size of the device is significantly larger than the bill in order to scan the entire bill to read its denomination.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The present invention is pointed out with particularity in the appended claims. However, other features are described in the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the personal bill denomination reader;
• FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the personal bill denomination reader integrated with a mobile telephone and its operation; and
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the personal bill denomination reader having the form of a key fob.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• There is a need for a personal bill denomination reader that is readily available for a user, and allows him/her to use the reader in a discrete and secure way while providing the freedom to use paper money during everyday activities.
• To address this need and other needs, embodiments of a personal bill denomination reader with tactile output are disclosed herein. A specific tactile output pattern is generated for each recognized denomination of currency. The tactile output provides a high measure of security and privacy while the user “counts” his/her money, functions well in a noisy environment such as a restaurant, and is suitable for users who suffer a hearing impairment. The personal bill denomination reader can be integrated with a mobile telephone or a key fob to facilitate portability with the user.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the personalbill denomination reader10. The personalbill denomination reader10 comprises adigital camera12 to capture an image of abill14. Thedigital camera12 can capture and store the image in response to a user-initiated depression of abutton16 or another user-initiated action. Optionally, thereader10 includes alight source20 to illuminate thebill14 to support capturing images in dimly-lit places. Thelight source20 may be activated in response to the user-initiated depression of thebutton16 or another user-initiated action.
• The image of thebill14 is taken from the perspective of one of the corners of thebill14. In practice, the user may identify a corner of thebill14 by touch, then hold thereader10 so that thedigital camera12 is proximate the corner, and press thebutton16 to capture an image from the perspective of the corner and activate a bill identification feature.
• The captured image is processed by apattern recognizer22. Thepattern recognizer22 compares the captured image to built-in images24 of all standard bill denominations to match the captured image to one of the built-in images24. In the United States, the standard bill denominations may comprise $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100 bills, for example. Local bill denominations for other countries may be used in international embodiments.
• Since each bill has four corners and two sides, the built-in images24 comprise at least eight built-in images per bill denomination, the built-in images comprising a corresponding image of each of four corners for each of two sides of the bill denomination. The built-in images24 may also comprise built-in images for previous versions of the currency. For example, since modifications were made to the $20 bill in the year 2003, the built-in images24 may comprise at least eight images of pre-2003 $20 bills, and at least eight more images of $20 bills issued in 2003.
• It is noted that the built-in images24 may be represented within the personalbill denomination reader10 either by actual images of bills or a transformation of the actual images of bills.
• Thepattern recognizer22 uses a rotation-invariant pattern matching algorithm so that thebill14 can be recognized for various orientations of thebill14 with respect to thereader10. Built into the algorithm is pattern matching for markings on the front and back of all standard bill denominations, which include current and previous versions of the currency. Since the number of templates is reasonably low, thepattern recognizer22 can identify thebill14 nearly instantaneously.
• Once a positive identification of thebill14 has been made by thepattern recognizer22, thereader10 reports the denomination of thebill14 in a mode determined by anoutput selector26. The mode is selected from a tactile output mode, an audible tone mode and a speech mode. Preferably, the user can select the specific mode via a user input received by thereader10.
• In the tactile output mode, atactile output device30 generates a tactile output unique to the denomination of thebill14 based on the match from thepattern recognizer22. The tactile output mode provides a high level of security in that other people near the user are not made aware of the denomination of thebill14.
• In one embodiment, thetactile output device30 is capable of vibrating in a unique pattern of time and/or frequency for each denomination. Thus, thetactile output device30 vibrates in a pattern unique to the denomination of thebill14 based on the match from thepattern recognizer22. The user feels the vibration pattern and determines the denomination of thebill14 based thereon.
• In another embodiment, thetactile output device30 comprises a small dynamic Braille display to generate a Braille representation of the denomination of thebill14 based on the match from thepattern recognizer22. The user touches the Braille display with his/her hand to sense the Braille representation, and interprets the Braille representation to determine the denomination of thebill14.
• In a further embodiment, thetactile output device30 comprises a pressure display capable of generating a unique pressure signal for each denomination of thebill14 based on the match from thepattern recognizer22. For example, the pressure display may comprise a plastic pin or another component that rises and lowers in a unique pattern for each denomination. In one embodiment, the plastic pin or other component rises and lowers a humanly-countable number of times based on the denomination. For example, the plastic pin or other component may rise once for $1, twice slowly for $2, and twice quickly for $20.
• In the audible tone mode, anaudible tone generator32 generates a series of one or more distinctive, non-speech tones associated with the detected denomination of thebill14. The user hears the audible tones and determines the denomination of thebill14 thereon. The audible tone mode provides a degree of security in that other people near the user would not know the denomination of thebill14 unless they knew how to translate the distinctive tones. The audible tone mode also facilitates use of thereader10 by users who have limited tactile function.
• In the speech mode, avoice synthesizer34 generates a voice signal to speak the denomination of thebill14. Thevoice synthesizer34 may generate the voice signal either by playing back a pre-recorded voice recording or by synthesizing speech. Use of a voice recording allows natural intonated output but requires memory space. Use of synthesized speech is more unnatural, but facilitates programmability and flexibility (e.g. if thevoice synthesizer34 is to be capable of speaking the denomination in multiple languages). While not as secure as the tactile and tone modes, the speech mode requires no learning on the part of the user since the exact denomination rather than a code is given to the user.
• Thereader10 may assume a variety of handheld forms. In one embodiment, thereader10 is integrated with a mobile telephone. In another embodiment, thereader10 has the form of a key fob. These and alternative embodiments are beneficial in that thereader10 can fit in a pocket for carrying by the user.
• FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of thereader10 integrated with amobile telephone40, and its operation. Thedigital camera12 may be provided by the mobile telephone's camera used for wireless picture messaging applications. Thetactile output device30 may be provided by a vibration alerting device of themobile telephone40 that serves to alert of incoming telephone calls and incoming messages. Theaudible tone generator32 may be provided by the mobile telephone's audible ringer that serves to alert of incoming telephone calls and incoming messages. Thevoice synthesizer34 may comprise either pre-recorded speech or synthesized speech of “one dollar”, “two dollars”, “five dollars”, “ten dollars”, “twenty dollars”, “fifty dollars” and “one hundred dollars” to output on a speaker of themobile telephone40. Thus, in this embodiment, an individual with low/no vision is enabled to determine the denomination of a bill using his/herwireless camera phone40.
• FIG. 2 shows animage42 of a corner of abill44 being acquired using thewireless camera phone40. Theimage42 is processed through pattern recognition to determine a pattern match based on built-inimages50,52,54,56,58,60 and62 of $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50 and $100 bills, respectively. In the example ofFIG. 2, theimage42 is matched to the built-inimage62 of the $100 bill. Thewireless camera phone40 reports the bill denomination by anoutput64 comprising either a vibration pattern specific to a $100 bill, a tone pattern specific to a $100 bill, or synthesized speech indicating a $100 bill.
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of thereader10 having the form of akey fob70. In one embodiment, thekey fob70 houses the components of thereader10 shown inFIG. 1, namely thecamera12, thebutton16, the optionallight source20, thepattern recognizer22, the memory24, theoutput selector26, and at least one of thetactile output device30, theaudible tone generator32 and thevoice synthesizer34. Thekey fob70 has superior portability and cost effectiveness. A user can hold thekey fob70 to a corner of thebill14, press thebutton16, and receive denomination information through one of the three modes described above.
• It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the disclosed embodiments may be modified in numerous ways and may assume many embodiments other than the particular forms specifically set out and described herein.
• The above disclosed subject matter is to be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications, enhancements, and other embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, to the maximum extent allowed by law, the scope of the present invention is to be determined by the broadest permissible interpretation of the following claims and their equivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the foregoing detailed description.

Claims (20)

1. An apparatus comprising:

a pattern recognizer configured to identify a match of an image of a portion of a bill to one of a plurality of templates, wherein the pattern recognizer is configured to use a rotation-invariant pattern matching algorithm; and

an output device to provide an indication when the match has been identified.

2. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the plurality of templates comprises a plurality of standard images or transformations of standard images.

3. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the pattern recognizer is configured to identify the match by comparing an image of a portion of the bill, but not an image of the entire bill, to at least one of the plurality of templates.

4. The apparatus ofclaim 1, further comprising a cellular telephone that houses the pattern recognizer and the output device.

5. The apparatus ofclaim 1, further comprising a key fob that houses the pattern recognizer and the output device.

6. The apparatus ofclaim 1, further comprising a computer memory that stores one or more of the plurality of templates.

7. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the output device is configured to provide an indication of a denomination of the bill when the match has been identified.

8. The apparatus ofclaim 7, wherein the output device provides the indication via a user selectable mode of reporting, wherein the user selectable mode comprises at least one of a tactile output, an audible output, and a speech output.

9. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the plurality of templates includes an image of a corner of a bill denomination or a transformation of the image of the corner of the bill denomination.

10. The apparatus ofclaim 1, further comprising a camera to capture the image of the portion of the bill.

11. The apparatus ofclaim 1, further comprising a light source, the light source configured to illuminate the portion of the bill.

12. A method comprising:

evaluating a match of a portion of a bill to one of a plurality of templates by using a rotation-invariant pattern matching algorithm; and

providing an indication when a match is detected.

13. The method ofclaim 12, wherein providing the indication further comprises outputting the indication via a user selected mode, wherein the user selected mode comprises one or more of a tactile indicator, an audible indicator, and a speech indicator.

14. The method ofclaim 12, wherein one of the plurality of templates comprises an image of a portion of a standard bill.

15. The method ofclaim 12, wherein one of the plurality of templates comprises a transformation of an image of a portion of a standard bill.

16. The method ofclaim 12, wherein the plurality of templates includes a first template corresponding to a first local currency denomination and a second template corresponding to a second local currency denomination.

17. The method ofclaim 12, further comprising outputting a particular tactile pattern corresponding to a particular currency denomination.

18. The method ofclaim 12, further comprising receiving a command to capture an image of the portion of the bill.

19. A computer readable medium including instructions executable by a processor to:

evaluate a match of a portion of a bill to one of a plurality of templates by using a rotation-invariant pattern matching algorithm; and

provide an indication when a match is detected.

20. The computer readable medium ofclaim 19, further comprising instructions executable by the processor to generate a particular output pattern associated with a corresponding currency denomination, and to output the particular output pattern when a match with the corresponding currency denomination is detected.

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