US20080179344A1 - Liquid collection system and related methods - Google Patents

Abstract

Various embodiments of a fluid collection system having multiple storage chambers are disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the system may include a first chamber in fluid communication with a suction source and a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber. The second chamber may have a volume less than a volume of the first chamber. The second chamber may also comprise an inlet port for connecting to an external tube. The system may be configured to selectively drain liquid from the second chamber into the first chamber.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to fluid collection systems and related methods. More specifically, particular embodiments of the invention relate to a liquid collection system having multiple storage chambers and related methods of use.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
• Hospital operating rooms and other healthcare facilities generate a large volume of liquid waste, which may include irrigation liquids and secretions removed from patient's body (e.g., blood and other bodily liquids). One study shows that a typical operating room generates about two tons of liquid waste each month. Such liquid waste is considered infectious medical waste and must be disposed of in accordance with stringent safety standards established by federal and state regulations.
• To collect and dispose such liquid waste, suction canisters are typically used in hospital operating rooms and other healthcare facilities. A suction canister is a temporary storage container that uses suction to create a negative pressure inside the canister to drain liquids or secretions from the patients' body. After each medical procedure (e.g., surgery), the canister containing the liquid waste is transported to a utility area to be disposed of as red-bag waste or to be emptied, cleaned, and disinfected for reuse. A new or cleaned canister is then brought into the operating room for a next medical procedure. This process can be labor intensive and time consuming. Furthermore, since this process is performed every time following each medical procedure, it may increase the clinicians' risk of exposure to potentially hazardous waste.
• In an effort to reduce the number of such frequent disposal processes, a waste system equipped with a large reusable container (e.g., 20 liters) and a disposable manifold has been suggested to enable continued waste collection during multiple medical procedures. Such a system, however, cannot provide adequate information about the content and amount of liquid being collected during a medical procedure, since the liquid being collected directly flows into the large container and is mixed with the previously collected waste. Thus, physicians and clinicians participating in the procedure may not be able to make a quick and simple visual assessment of the contents and amount of liquid being collected to determine, for example, the amount of blood loss or the composition of the liquid, which may be critical in certain types of medical procedures.
• Accordingly, there is a need for an improved waste management system that may overcome one or more of the problems discussed above. In particular, there is a need for an improved liquid collection system that may reduce the number of disposal processes and, at the same time, provides adequate information (e.g., volume and contents) about the liquid being collected.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• Therefore, various exemplary embodiments of the invention may provide a liquid collection system that utilizes multiple storage chambers to improve labor efficiency, safety, and convenience of the medical personnel participating in a liquid collection process. For example, the multiple storage chambers may provide a clean collection interface that may reduce the need for frequent disposal processes, thereby reducing the medical personnel's risk of exposure to potentially hazardous waste.
• While the present invention will be described in connection with a particular medical waste collection process, various embodiments of the invention may be used in other suitable medical and non-medical applications, such as, for example, a medical or non-medical cleaning process.
• To attain the advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, one exemplary aspect of the invention may provide a fluid collection system comprising a first chamber in fluid communication with a suction source and a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber. The second chamber may have a volume less than a volume of the first chamber. The second chamber may also comprise an inlet port for connecting to an external tube. The system may be configured to selectively drain liquid from the second chamber into the first chamber.
• In another exemplary aspect, the second chamber may be removably connected to the first chamber. In still another exemplary aspect, the second chamber may comprise an overflow mechanism configured to allow liquid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber when a liquid level in the second chamber rises above a predetermined level.
• According to still yet another exemplary aspect, the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber may comprise a conduit having a first end extending to an upper portion of the second chamber and a second end communicating with the first chamber. The second end of the conduit may extend into an interior of the first chamber. In some exemplary embodiments, the conduit may extend vertically across a bottom wall of the second chamber.
• In some exemplary aspects, the system may comprise a drain passage communicating between the first chamber and the second chamber. The drain passage may comprise a valve configured to open and close the drain passage so as to selectively allow the liquid collected in the second chamber to flow from the second chamber to the first chamber. In various exemplary embodiments, the drain passage may comprise an opening in the second chamber. For example, the valve may comprise a plate member having an opening, and the second chamber and the plate member may be movable relative to one another between an open position, in which the opening of the second chamber is in alignment with the opening of the plate member, and a closed position, in which the opening of the second chamber is not in alignment with the opening of the plate member.
• In another aspect of the invention, the system may comprise a support member having a first end configured to communicate with the second chamber and a second end configured to be removably placed on a top of the first chamber in fluid communication with an interior of the first chamber. The support member may be configured to establish the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber when the support member is placed on the top of the first chamber.
• According to various exemplary aspects, the second chamber may comprise a main body, a lid having the inlet port and configured to substantially close the main body, and a liner disposed inside the main body. The lid and the liner may define an interior space in fluid communication with the inlet port, and the main body and the liner may define an exterior space.
• In another exemplary aspect, the fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber may comprise a first line for communicating between the first chamber and the interior space, a second line for communicating between the first chamber and the exterior space, and a valve configured to open and close the second line. In some exemplary embodiments, the first line may comprise a first passage and a second passage, where ends of the first and second passages inside the second chamber may be located at different elevations from one another. The first line may define both the first passage and the second passage in a single conduit. In one exemplary embodiment, the second line may be branched off from the first line.
• According to still another exemplary aspect, the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber may be configured such that, with the inlet port closed, closing the valve may cause the interior space to collapse and to thereby cause the fluid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber.
• In one exemplary aspect, the liner may be configured to prevent direct contact between the fluid collected in the interior space and the main body. In another exemplary aspect, at least a portion of the second chamber may comprise a transparent material. In still another exemplary aspect, the second chamber may comprise volume graduations.
• Another exemplary aspect of the invention may provide a method of collecting liquid. The method may comprise providing a first chamber in fluid communication with a suction source, connecting a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber, the second chamber having a volume smaller than a volume of the first chamber, and the second chamber being connected to an external tube, collecting liquid in the second chamber via the external tube, and selectively draining the liquid collected in the second chamber into the first chamber. In still another exemplary aspect, the method may comprise removing the second chamber from the first chamber.
• In an exemplary aspect, selectively draining the liquid may comprise allowing the liquid to flow into the first chamber when a liquid level in the second chamber rises above a predetermined level. In another exemplary aspect, connecting the second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber may comprise providing a conduit having a first end extending to an upper portion of the second chamber and a second end communicating with the first chamber. The conduit may extend vertically across a bottom wall of the second chamber.
• In still another exemplary aspect, selectively draining the liquid may comprise providing a valve configured to open and close a flow passage communicating between the first chamber and the second chamber, so as to selectively allow the liquid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber.
• In still yet anther exemplary aspect, the flow passage may comprise a first opening in the second chamber and a plate member having a second opening. The second chamber and the plate member may be rotatable relative to one another between an open position, in which the first opening is aligned with the second opening, and a closed position, in which the first opening is not aligned with the second opening.
• In one exemplary aspect, connecting the second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber may comprise providing a support member having a first end configured to communicate with the second chamber and a second end configured to be removably placed on a top of the first chamber in fluid communication with an interior of the first chamber. The support member may establish the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber when the support member is placed on the top of the first chamber.
• In another exemplary aspect, the method may comprise providing a liner between a main body and a lid of the second chamber, such that the lid and the liner define an interior space in fluid communication with the external tube and such that the main body and the liner define an exterior space. Selectively draining the liquid may comprise collapsing the liner using the suction source to drain the liquid collected in the second chamber into the first chamber.
• According to some exemplary aspects, connecting the second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber may comprise connecting a first line between the first chamber and the interior space, and connecting a second line between the first chamber and the exterior space. In an exemplary embodiment, the first line may comprise a first passage and a second passage, and ends of the first and second passages inside the second chamber may be located at different elevations from one another. In another exemplary embodiment, the second line may be branched off from the first line. Selectively draining the liquid may comprise closing the second line so as to cause the internal space to collapse and to cause the liquid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber.
• In various exemplary aspect, collecting the liquid may comprise collecting liquid during a medical procedure. In another exemplary aspect, the method may further comprise applying suction to the second chamber from the first chamber.
• Some exemplary aspects of the invention may also provide a liquid collection chamber comprising a main body configured to collect liquid, an inlet port for connecting to an external tube, and a flow passage communicating between an interior and an exterior of the main body. The chamber may be configured to selectively drain liquid collected in the main body through the flow passage without tilting the main body.
• In another exemplary aspect, the chamber may comprise a lid configured to substantially close an opening of the main body, and the lid may comprise the inlet port. In still another exemplary aspect, the chamber may further comprise a liner disposed inside the main body. The lid and the liner may define a first space in fluid communication with the inlet port, and the main body and the liner may define a second space.
• According to various exemplary embodiments, the flow passage may comprises a first line for communicating between a suction source and the first space, a second line for communicating between the suction source and the second space, and a valve configured to open and close the second line. The first line may comprise a first passage and a second passage, and ends of the first and second passages inside the main body may be located at different elevations from one another. In some exemplary embodiments, the first line may define both the first passage and the second passage in a single conduit.
• In another exemplary aspect, the second line may be branched off from the first line. In still another exemplary aspect, the flow passage may be configured such that, with the inlet port closed, closing the valve may cause the first space to collapse and to thereby cause the liquid collected in the main body to flow out of the main body. In one exemplary aspect, the liner may be configured to prevent direct contact between the liquid collected in the first space and the main body.
• According to one exemplary aspect, the flow passage may be positioned at an upper portion of the main body. In another exemplary aspect, the chamber may comprise an overflow mechanism configured to allow liquid collected in the main body to drain out of the main body when a liquid level in the main body rises above a predetermined level.
• In still another exemplary aspect, the chamber may comprise a suction port for connecting to a suction source. In still yet another exemplary aspect, the flow passage may comprise the suction port. In various exemplary embodiments, the suction port may comprise a conduit having a first end extending to an upper portion of the main body and a second end communicating with the exterior of the main body. In an exemplary embodiment, the conduit may extend vertically across a bottom wall of the main body.
• In another exemplary aspect, the flow passage may comprise a valve configured to open and close the flow passage so as to selectively drain liquid collected in the main body to the exterior. The flow passage may comprise a first opening in the main body, and the valve may comprise a plate member having a second opening. The main body and the plate member may be movable relative to one another between an open position, in which the first opening is in alignment with the second opening, and a closed position, in which the first opening is not in alignment with the second opening.
• According to another exemplary aspect, the chamber may comprise a support member having a first end configured to communicate with the main body and a second end configured to be removably placed on a storage container in fluid communication with an interior of the storage container. The support member may be configured to establish a fluid communication between the interior of the main body and the interior of the storage container when the support member is placed on the storage container.
• Still another exemplary aspect may provide a method of performing a medical procedure. The method may comprise placing a second chamber in fluid communication with a first chamber, the first chamber having a volume greater than a volume of the second chamber, collecting liquid in the second chamber during a medical procedure, transferring the liquid collected in the second chamber into the first chamber, replacing at least a portion of the second chamber with a clean unit, and placing the removed portion in a waste container.
• In some exemplary embodiment, replacing at least a portion of the second chamber may comprise removing the second chamber from the first chamber and replacing the second chamber with a third chamber configured like the second chamber.
• According to another exemplary aspect, the method may comprise providing the second chamber in fluid communication with a suction source. In still another aspect, collecting liquid may comprise drawing liquid into the second chamber via a suction tube connected to the second chamber.
• In one exemplary aspect, transferring may comprise actuating a valve to open a flow passage connecting between the first chamber and the second chamber. In another exemplary aspect, placing the first chamber in fluid communication with the second chamber may comprise removably placing the second chamber on a top of the first chamber in fluid communication with an interior of the first chamber.
• In various exemplary aspects, the method may comprise providing a liner between a main body and a lid of the second chamber, such that the lid and the liner define an interior space in fluid communication with an external tube and such that the main body and the liner define an exterior space. The method may also comprise collapsing the liner to transfer the liquid from the second chamber to the first chamber. In an exemplary aspect, replacing at least a portion of the second chamber may comprise removing the liner and the lid from the main body and placing another liner and another lid on the main body.
• In another exemplary aspect, the method may comprise treating the liquid collected in the second chamber before transferring to the first chamber. In still another exemplary aspect, the method may comprise filtering the liquid collected in the second chamber before transferring to the first chamber. In still yet another exemplary aspect, the method may comprise applying suction to the second chamber via the first chamber.
• According to various exemplary aspects, liquid collected in the second chamber may be from a first patient, and the method may comprise collecting liquid from a second patient in the clean unit. In an exemplary aspect, the first chamber may retain liquid collected from the first patient while liquid is being collected from the second patient in the clean unit.
• Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
• It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate various embodiments consistent with the invention, and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a liquid collection system, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the liquid collection system ofFIG. 1, illustrating that the second chamber may be removable from the first chamber.
• FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of the second chamber shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, illustrating liquid collection and liquid draining processes, respectively.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the second chamber ofFIG. 1, illustrating the liquid collection process.
• FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the second chamber ofFIG. 1, illustrating the liquid collection process when the second chamber is full.
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the second chamber ofFIG. 1, illustrating the liquid draining process.
• FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a liquid collection system, according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, illustrating a liquid collection process.
• FIG. 7A is a schematic view of a liquid collection system, according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the liquid collection system ofFIG. 7, illustrating a liquid draining process.
• FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic illustrations of a disposal and setup process for a new medical procedure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
• Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments consistent with the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a multi-chamberliquid collection system10, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Thesystem10 may comprise afirst chamber20, asecond chamber40, and asuitable suction source60. Thesuction source60, which may be a portable unit, may comprise a suction pump or compressor to generate a negative pressure (e.g., vacuum) in the first andsecond chambers20,40. The negative pressure may be used to draw liquid into thecollection system10.
• The term “liquid,” as used herein, is not merely referring to a state of matter as defined in the thermodynamic and/or fluid mechanics art. Instead, the term “liquid” includes any solid particles that may incidentally flow with a liquid medium (e.g., irrigation fluid or blood) or that may be intentionally collected using a liquid medium. For example, when thefluid collection system10 of the invention is used in a surgical procedure, the term “liquid” may refer to a combination of liquid medium (e.g., irrigation fluid, blood, and other bodily liquid from the patient) and any solid particles including, but not limited to, resected tissue removed from the patient's body.
• As best shown inFIG. 1, thefirst chamber20 may have a volume substantially greater than a volume of thesecond chamber40. By way of examples only, in some exemplary embodiments, the volume of the first chamber may be about 20 liters, and the volume of thesecond chamber40 may be about 3 liters. These volumes may vary depending upon the type of medical procedures and/or the anticipated amount of liquid to be collected. The first andsecond chambers20,40 may also have a variety of different shapes. For example, in various exemplary embodiments, thefirst chamber20 may have a substantiallycylindrical body25 with a substantiallyflat bottom surface28, and thesecond chamber40 may have a generally tapering, frustoconical-shapedbody45, as best shown inFIG. 1. The first andsecond chambers20,40 may be made of a material that is sufficiently strong to withstand the negative pressure generated by thesuction source60.
• As shown inFIG. 1, thefirst chamber20 may include acap22 configured to close the top opening of thecylindrical body25. Thecap22 may include at least two access ports: afirst access port23 for connecting to thesuction source60 via asuitable suction conduit62 and asecond access port21 for communicating with thesecond chamber40. Thesuction conduit62 may be removable from thefirst chamber20 and/or thesuction source60. As will be described later in detail, a portion of thesecond chamber40 may be configured to engage thesecond access port21 to establish liquid and suction connections between the first andsecond chambers20,40. Moreover, the connection between the first andsecond chambers20,40 may enable selective draining of liquid from thesecond chamber40 to thefirst chamber20.
• At least a portion of thefirst chamber20 may be transparent (or sufficiently translucent to visualize the liquid level inside the first chamber20) so that the physicians and/or technicians participating in the medical procedure may determine the amount of liquid collected in thefirst chamber20. Thefirst chamber20 may also includevolume graduations24 to more accurately measure the liquid amount. In some exemplary embodiments, thefirst chamber20 may include a drain port (not shown) located at or near the bottom portion of thefirst chamber20 for draining the liquid when desired.
• Although not necessary, thesystem10 may include atransporter unit80 having aflat platform84, on which thefirst chamber20 may be placed, as shown inFIG. 1. Thetransporter unit80 may also include a suitable holding member to secure thefirst chamber20 to thetransporter unit80. Thetransporter unit80 may also includewheels86 to facilitate transport of thesystem10. Thesuction source60 may be integrally formed with, or separately provided to, thetransporter unit80.
• Thesecond chamber40 may comprise amain body45, alid42, and abase member48, as best shown inFIG. 2. Thesecond chamber40 may be positioned at an elevation higher than an elevation of thefirst chamber20, so that the liquid collected in thesecond chamber40 can flow into thefirst chamber20 via gravity. Thesecond chamber40 may be at least partially transparent to enable physicians and technicians to examine the amount and contents of the liquid being collected in thesecond chamber40. Thesecond chamber40 may also includevolume graduations44 to more accurately measure the amount of liquid being collected.
• Thelid42 may close the top opening of themain body45 in a leak-tight manner. Thelid42 may include a connectingport41 for connecting to a suction tube78 (e.g., a suction tube used to collect patient fluids during a surgical procedure, a suction tube of a suction catheter, a G-tube, or a wound drain tube) via asuitable connector79, as shown inFIG. 1. In some exemplary embodiments, including the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1 and 2, thelid42 may include one or moreadditional ports41. Theseports41 may be used to connect one or more additional medical devices simultaneously or to treat the liquid collected in thesecond chamber40 with chemicals before being transferred to thefirst chamber20. When not in use, theseadditional ports41 may be closed with caps, which may be integrally attached to thelid42. The connectingports41 may have various different sizes and shapes to accommodate various medical devices that may be used with thesystem10.
• As best shown inFIGS. 3A and 3B, thebase member48 may have a funnel-like configuration having a wide portion for receiving a bottom portion of themain body45 and a narrow portion defined by anouter wall48a.In some exemplary embodiments, thebase member48 may be integrally formed with themain body45. Thebase member48 may include atransverse wall48bextending across theouter wall48aand anannular extension48cextending substantially perpendicularly from thetransverse wall48b.Thetransverse wall48bmay define anopening46, which, as will be described further herein, may be used to selectively drain the liquid collected in thesecond chamber40 into thefirst chamber20. In an exemplary embodiment, thetransverse wall48bmay include more than oneopening46. Theannular extension48cmay be configured to receive and hold asuction conduit55. Any other suitable holding mechanism may be used alternatively or additionally to hold thesuction conduit55 inside thesecond chamber40.
• Thesuction conduit55 has afirst end55apositioned near the top of thesecond chamber40 and asecond end55bpositioned below thebase member48. When theopening46 of thetransverse wall48bis closed, thesuction conduit55 may provide the only passage that communicates between the first andsecond chambers20,40 and, as will be explained further herein, may serve as both a suction passage and an overflow passage between the first andsecond chambers20,40.
• The elevational position of thefirst end55ainside thesecond chamber40 may correspond to the maximum liquid level desired in thesecond chamber40. For example, referring toFIGS. 4 and 5, as the liquid level inside thesecond chamber40 rises above thefirst end55aof thesuction conduit55, the liquid above thefirst end55amay enter thefirst end55aof thesuction conduit55 and flow down into thefirst chamber20. Thus, depending on the desired maximum liquid level in thesecond chamber40, thefirst end55amay be positioned at a different elevation.
• In some exemplary embodiments, thesecond end55bmay extend into thefirst chamber20, and the elevational position of thesecond end55bin thefirst chamber20 may correspond to the desired maximum liquid level in thefirst chamber20. For example, as the liquid level in thefirst chamber20 rises above the elevational position of thesecond end55b,the opening of thesecond end55bmay be closed by the rising liquid. Closing the opening may interrupt the suction communication between the first andsecond chambers20,40, thereby disabling the suction operation of thesuction tube78 and stopping the flow from thesecond chamber40 into thefirst chamber20.
• Referring toFIGS. 3A and 3B, thesystem10 may further comprise asupport member50 having a suitable valve mechanism for enabling selective draining of thesecond chamber40. Thesupport member50 may include anannular body52 configured to receive theouter wall48aof thebase member48. In some exemplary embodiments, theannular body52 and thebase member48 may be rotatable relative to each other. To guide the rotational movement, the outertubular wall48amay define agroove47 or slot at least partially extending circumferentially around its outer surface, and theannular body52 may include aprojection53 extending from its inner surface. In an alternative embodiment, theouter wall48amay include theprojection53 extending from its outer surface, and theannular body52 may define the correspondinggroove47 on its inner surface. To aid the rotational movement, at least one of theannular body52 and thebase member48 may include ahandle49. As will be explained later, thehandle49 may also function as a position indicator for indicating whether thesecond chamber40 is in a collecting mode or in a draining mode.
• Thesupport member50 may also include afitting sleeve58 extending from theannular body52 through a taperingshoulder portion57. As best shown inFIG. 2, thefitting sleeve58 may be sized and configured to fit into thesecond access port21 of thefirst chamber20. To facilitate its insertion into thesecond access port21, at least the bottom end portion of thefitting sleeve58 may be tapered. In some exemplary embodiments, when thefitting sleeve58 is inserted into thesecond access port21, theshoulder portion57 may abut a mouth portion of thesecond access port21 to more stably support thesecond chamber40 on thefirst chamber20. In addition, at least one of thesecond access port21 and thefitting sleeve58 may comprise a suitable sealing member (e.g., rubber neck) to seal the connection in a leak-tight manner.
• As shown inFIGS. 3A and 3B, thesupport member50 may include aplate member51 defining a central hole, through which thesuction conduit55 may pass, and avalve opening56 configured to selectively align with theopening46 of thebase member48 to selectively open and close the flow passage between the first andsecond chambers20,40. For example, as shown inFIG. 3B, to open the flow passage, thebase member48 and/or thesupport member50 may be rotated relative to one another to align theopening46 of thetransverse wall48bwith theopening56 of theplate member51. Where thebase member48 is integrally formed with themain body45, themain body45 may be rotated to cause the rotational movement of thebase member48. The alignedopenings46,56 may allow the liquid collected in thesecond chamber40 to be drained into thefirst chamber20. In certain exemplary embodiments, at least one of theopenings46,56 may comprise a filter element to limit the size and amount of the solid particles that may be included in the liquid. To close the flow passage, thebase member48 and/or thesupport member50 may be rotated relative to one another to misalign theopenings46,56, as shown inFIG. 3A.
• WhileFIGS. 3A and 3B show that thebase member48 is rotated 180° relative to thesupport member50 to align and misalign theopenings46,56, it should be understood that, so long as theopenings46,56 can be aligned and misaligned, thebase member48 and/or thesupport member50 may be rotated less than 180°. It should also be understood that thetransverse wall48band/or theplate member51 may include a plurality ofopenings46,56. To prevent any leakage, including during rotational movements, thebase member48 and thesupport member50 may includesuitable sealing members43,54 (e.g., O-rings disposed in circumferential grooves around theopenings46,56). As mentioned above, thehandle49 or any other suitable indication member known in the art may be used to indicate whether theopenings46,56 are aligned or not (i.e., whether the system is in the liquid collection mode or in the liquid draining mode).
• In an alternative embodiment, at least a portion of thesupport member50 may be replaced with a simple actuatable valve (e.g., gate valve, rotary valve, pipe valve, or flap valve) that may selectively open and close theopening46 of thebase member48. For example, instead of theplate member51 of thesupport member50, thebase member48 may include an actuatable gate valve that can selectively open and close theopening46 of thebase member48. This embodiment may permit switching from a liquid collection mode to a liquid draining mode by simply actuating the valve without necessarily rotating thebase member48 or thesupport member50. Since no rotational movement is required between thebase member48 and thesupport member50, thebase member48 and thesupport member50 may be integrally formed as a single piece. Alternatively, thesupport member50 may be completely removed and, instead, theouter wall48amay be modified to directly engage thefirst access port21 of thefirst chamber20.
• With reference toFIGS. 4-6, operational characteristics of theliquid collection system10, according to various exemplary embodiments, will be explained. To set up thesystem10, thesuction source60 may be connected to thefirst chamber20 via thesuction line62, and thesecond chamber40 may be attached to thefirst chamber20. As discussed above, inserting thefitting member58 of thesupport member50 into thesecond access port21 of thefirst chamber20 may automatically establish both the suction connection and the fluid connection between the first andsecond chambers20,40, thereby eliminating the otherwise cumbersome, labor-intensive connection processes between the first andsecond chambers20,40. Once thesecond chamber40 is properly positioned, thelid42 may be placed on themain body45 of thesecond chamber40, and thesuction tube78 may be connected to the connectingport41. If the medical procedure involves an additional medical device that requires suction, the device may be connected to the additional connectingport41.
• Once the setup is complete, thesuction source60 may be turned on to start the liquid collection process, as shown inFIG. 4. At this stage, as mentioned above, theopening46 of thebase member48 may be closed by theplate member51. While the liquid is being collected in thesecond chamber40, thesuction conduit55 may continue to feed the suction power to thesecond chamber40 from thefirst chamber20.
• Certain medical procedures may require collection of a large volume of liquid, which may exceed the maximum volume of thesecond chamber40. In those cases, thesuction conduit55 may function as an overflow passage to continuously handle the liquid collection without interruption. For example, when the liquid level in thesecond chamber40 rises above thefirst end55aof thesuction conduit55, as shown inFIG. 5, the liquid above thefirst end55amay flow down into the suction conduit55 (via a combination of gravity and suction force from the first chamber20) and into thefirst chamber20.
• After completion of the medical procedure, the liquid collected in thesecond chamber40 may be drained into thefirst chamber20, as shown inFIG. 6. To drain the liquid, thebase member48 may be rotated to align itsopening46 with theopening56 of thesupport member50. In some exemplary embodiments, the liquid collected in thesecond chamber40 may be treated prior to transfer to thefirst chamber20. The treatment may include, but not be limited to, sanitization, sterilization, or filtration. The sanitization and sterilization may include adding suitable chemicals (e.g., chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) or heating the liquid to a high temperature. In an exemplary embodiment, thesecond chamber40 may include a filtration element, such as, for example, an aseptic filter or gross filter, to limit the size and amount of solids that may flow into thefirst chamber20.
• Once the liquid in thesecond chamber40 is fully drained into thefirst chamber20, thesecond chamber40 may be removed from thesystem10 and, for a subsequent medical procedure, a newsecond chamber40 may be installed. The removedsecond chamber40 may be simply placed in a waste storage container (e.g., red bag), along with its peripherals (e.g., tubes and connectors, etc.), for disposal. If desired, the usedsecond chamber40 may be cleaned and/or disinfected for reuse.
• FIGS. 7 and 8 show a multi-chamberliquid collection system100, according another exemplary embodiment consistent with the invention. Similar to the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1-6, thesystem100 may comprise afirst chamber120 and asecond chamber140, where the volume of thefirst chamber120 is substantially greater than the volume of thesecond chamber140. The embodiment shown inFIGS. 7 and 8 may differ from the embodiments shown inFIGS. 1-6 in that, as will be described in detail herein, this embodiment may utilize aflexible liner148 positioned inside thesecond chamber140. Theflexible liner148 may prevent direct contact between thesecond chamber140 and the liquid collected inside thesecond chamber140. This may eliminate the need for replacing the entiresecond chamber140 and, thereby, reduce the overall volume of waste generated in the medical facility. For example, after the medical procedure is completed, only theflexible liner148 and its peripherals (e.g., lid, tubes, and/or connectors) may need to be disposed and replaced.
• As shown inFIG. 7, thefirst chamber120 may be connected to asuction source160 via asuitable suction line162 to generate a negative pressure (e.g., vacuum condition) inside thefirst chamber120. Thefirst chamber120 may then communicate with thesecond chamber140 via asuitable suction conduit150 to generate a negative pressure inside thesecond chamber140. This negative pressure inside thesecond chamber140 may be used to drain liquid or secretions from a patient during a medical procedure. In some exemplary embodiments, thefirst chamber120 may include aholding platform125, on which thesecond chamber140 may be placed. Unless otherwise noted, the configuration and operational characteristics of thefirst chamber120 are substantially similar to those of the embodiment shown inFIGS. 1-6 and, therefore, a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.
• Thesecond chamber140 may comprise amain body145, alid142, and aflexible liner148 disposed inside themain body145. Thelid142 may close the top opening of themain body145 and create a liquid-tight, vacuum-tight seal therebetween. Thelid142 may include a first connectingport141 and a second connectingport149, both in communication with an interior of thesecond chamber140. The first connectingport141 may be used to connect to asuction tube178 via a suitable connector, and the second connectingport149 may be used to connect to thefirst chamber120.
• The second connectingport149 may define two separate passages: asuction passage149aand aliquid passage149b.Theliquid passage149bmay extend further down into theinterior space144 than thesuction passage149aand the first connectingport141 so as enable continuous operation of thecollection system100 without interruption. As will be described in detail herein, both the suction andliquid passages149a,149bmay function as a suction passage until the liquid level inside theinterior space144 reaches the opening of theliquid passage149b.Thelid142 may also include aclosure cap143 configured to close the first connectingport141. In various exemplary embodiments, thelid142 may include additional connectingports141 with additional closure caps143.
• As shown inFIG. 7, theflexible liner148 and thelid142 may define the substantially sealedinterior space144 with the first and second connectingports141,149 being the only connections to outside theinterior space144. In some exemplary embodiments, theflexible liner148 may be integrally formed with, or configured to attach to, the inner surface of thelid142. Thus, when the first and second connectingports141,149 are closed, theinterior space144 may be substantially fully enclosed. Theflexible liner148 may be made of a sufficiently durable, yet collapsible material, so that, upon applying a negative pressure inside theinterior space144, theliner148 can collapse into a smaller volume. In an exemplary embodiment, theflexible liner148 may be configured to collapse in a predetermined manner. For example, as shown inFIG. 7, theflexible liner148 may have a bellow-like configuration.
• Like thesecond chamber40 of the embodiment shown in, for example,FIGS. 1 and 2, thesecond chamber140 may be at least partially transparent to enable the medical personnel to examine the content and amount of liquid collected in thesecond chamber140. Themain body145 may also include volume graduations to more accurately measure the liquid amount collected in thesecond chamber140.
• As mentioned above, thefirst chamber120 may communicate with thesecond chamber140 via thesuitable suction conduit150. Thesuction conduit150 may comprise amain line152 and abranch line154. The connection between themain line152 and thebranch line154 may be configured such that, during a draining operation, fluid flowing through themain line152 does not flow into thebranch line154. For example, themain line152 or thebranch line154 may include a one-way valve (e.g., a flapper valve or a diaphragm) that allows fluid flow in only one direction.
• In some exemplary embodiments, instead of having thebranch line154 branched from themain line152, thesystem100 may include aseparate line154′ that independently connects to thefirst chamber120, as shown inFIG. 7A.
• Themain line152 may connect to the second connectingport149 to communicate with theinterior space144 inside theflexible liner148, and thebranch line154 may communicate with anexterior space146 defined between the outer surface of theflexible liner148 and the inner surface of thesecond chamber140. Thebranch line154 may include asuitable valve155 to selectively open and close thebranch line154. As will be explained in more detail herein, when thevalve155 is open, the pressures inside theinterior space144 and theexterior space146 may be substantially the same (e.g., substantially at vacuum condition). Conversely, when thevalve155 is closed, the suction force from thefirst chamber120 may apply only to theinterior space144 and, therefore, the pressure inside theinterior space144 may be substantially less than the pressure inside theexterior space146, which may cause theflexible liner146 to collapse, as shown inFIG. 8.
• In some exemplary embodiments, thevalve155 may comprise a three-way valve that, when thevalve155 closes thebranch line154, can establish fluid communication between theexterior space146 andatmosphere153. During the draining operation, this arrangement may allow the pressure inside theexterior space146 to reach atmospheric pressure, so as not to interfere with the collapse of theliner148.
• With reference toFIGS. 7-10, a method of using theliquid collection system100, according to various aspects of the invention, will be explained in detail. Prior to performing a medical procedure, thelid142, including the first and second connectingports141,149 and theflexible liner148, may be placed on themain body145 of thesecond chamber140. The first connectingport141 may then be connected to thesuction tube178, and themain line152 and thebranch line154 of thesuction conduit150 may connect to the second connectingport149 and theexterior space146, respectively. Where the medical procedure involves an additional medical device that requires suction, the device may be connected to an additional connecting port (not shown) of thelid142. In some exemplary embodiments, thesuction conduit150 may be integrally formed with at least one of the first andsecond chambers120,140, which may reduce the number of connections to be made by the medical personnel.
• After the initial set up is completed, thesuction source160 may be turned on to start the liquid collection process, as shown inFIG. 7. At this stage, thevalve155 in thebranch line154 of thesuction conduit150 may be opened, and the suction force from thefirst chamber120 may be equally applied to theinterior space144 and theexterior space146 via themain line152 and thebranch line154. Consequently, the openedvalve155 does not affect theflexible liner148 or the volume of theinterior space144. Nor does it affect the suction capability of thesuction tube178. Once the liquid enters theinterior space144, the liquid may flow down into theinterior space144 via gravity.
• Where the liquid level in theinterior space144 rises and reaches the opening of theliquid passage149b,the liquid may be suctioned out of theinterior space144 into thefirst chamber120 through themain line152. At this stage, although theliquid passage149bmay be filled with liquid (i.e., liquid drawn from the second chamber), thesuction passage149ahaving an end positioned at an higher elevation than the end of theliquid passage149bmay remain open and continue to supply the suction force to theinterior space144. Thus, theliquid passage149bmay function as an overflow mechanism. In an alternative embodiment, the second connectingport149 may have two separate conduits: one for thesuction passage149aand the other for theliquid passage149b.
• After the medical procedure is completed, the liquid collected in theinterior space144 may be drained into thefirst chamber120. To drain the liquid, thesuction tube178 may be disconnected from the first connectingport141, and thecap143 may be used to close the first connectingport141. Thevalve155 may also be closed to shut off the supply of suction force to theexterior space146 and allow fluid communication between theexterior space146 and atmosphere. Disconnecting thesuction tube178 and/or closing thevalve155 may be performed while thesuction source160 is turned off. These steps, however, may be performed while thesuction source160 is still turned on.
• Once thevalve155 is closed and the first connectingport141 is closed, theinterior space144 may communicate only with themain line152 of thesuction conduit150. With thesuction source160 turned on, the negative pressure inside thefirst chamber120 may cause theflexible liner146 to collapse, reducing the volume of theinterior space144, as shown inFIG. 8. The reduction in the volume may cause the liquid to be lifted and drained into thefirst chamber120 through the second connectingport149.
• As shown inFIG. 9, after the liquid in thesecond chamber140 is completely drained, thesuction source160 may be turned off. The second connectingport149 may then be disconnected from thesuction conduit150, and thelid142 may be removed from themain body145 along with its peripherals (e.g., the first and second connectingports141,149, theclosure cap143, and the flexible liner148). The removedlid142 and itsperipherals141,143,148,149 may be placed in a waste storage container190 (e.g., red bag) for disposal. Thereafter, a new package containing anew lid142′ (containing new connectingports141′,149′ and cap143′) and a newflexible liner148′ may be placed onto themain body145. After various tubes and ports are properly connected, thesystem100 may be ready for a new medical procedure, as shown inFIG. 10.
• In some exemplary embodiments, the liquid collected inside thesecond chamber140 may be treated (e.g., sanitization, sterilization, or filtration) before it is drained to thefirst chamber120. For example, the liquid may be sanitized and/or sterilized by adding appropriate chemical agents, such as chlorine or hydrogen peroxide, or by heating at a high temperature. Alternatively or additionally, the liquid may be filtered. Gross filtration of the liquid before being transferred to thefirst chamber120 may reduce the size and amount of solids that may have to be eventually disposed of from thefirst chamber120.
• Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

Claims (70)

1. A fluid collection system comprising:

a first chamber in fluid communication with a suction source; and

a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber, the second chamber having a volume less than a volume of the first chamber and comprising an inlet port for connecting to an external tube;

wherein the system is configured to selectively drain liquid from the second chamber into the first chamber.

2. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second chamber comprises an overflow mechanism configured to allow liquid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber when a liquid level in the second chamber rises above a predetermined level.

3. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber comprises a conduit having a first end extending to an upper portion of the second chamber and a second end communicating with the first chamber.

4. The system ofclaim 3, wherein the second end of the conduit extends into an interior of the first chamber.

5. The system ofclaim 3, wherein the conduit extends vertically across a bottom wall of the second chamber.

6. The system ofclaim 1, further comprising a drain passage communicating between the first chamber and the second chamber, the drain passage comprising a valve configured to open and close the drain passage so as to selectively allow the liquid collected in the second chamber to flow from the second chamber to the first chamber.

7. The system ofclaim 6, wherein the drain passage comprises an opening in the second chamber.

8. The system ofclaim 7, wherein the valve comprises a plate member having an opening, the second chamber and the plate member being movable relative to one another between an open position, in which the opening of the second chamber is in alignment with the opening of the plate member, and a closed position, in which the opening of the second chamber is not in alignment with the opening of the plate member.

9. The system ofclaim 1, further comprising a support member having a first end configured to communicate with the second chamber and a second end configured to be removably placed on a top of the first chamber in fluid communication with an interior of the first chamber.

10. The system ofclaim 9, wherein the support member is configured to establish the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber when the support member is placed on the top of the first chamber.

11. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second chamber is removably connected to the first chamber.

12. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second chamber comprises:

a main body;

a lid having the inlet port and configured to substantially close the main body; and

a liner disposed inside the main body,

wherein the lid and the liner define an interior space in fluid communication with the inlet port, and the main body and the liner define an exterior space.

13. The system ofclaim 12, wherein the fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber comprises:

a first line for communicating between the first chamber and the interior space;

a second line for communicating between the first chamber and the exterior space; and

a valve configured to open and close the second line.

14. The system ofclaim 13, wherein the first line comprises a first passage and a second passage, ends of the first and second passages inside the second chamber being located at different elevations from one another.

15. The system ofclaim 14, wherein the first line defines both the first passage and the second passage in a single conduit.

16. The system ofclaim 13, wherein the second line is branched off from the first line.

17. The system ofclaim 13, wherein the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber is configured such that, with the inlet port closed, closing the valve causes the interior space to collapse and to thereby cause the fluid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber.

18. The system ofclaim 12, wherein the liner is configured to prevent direct contact between the fluid collected in the interior space and the main body.

19. The system ofclaim 1, wherein at least a portion of the second chamber comprises a transparent material.

20. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second chamber comprises volume graduations.

21. A method of collecting liquid, comprising:

providing a first chamber in fluid communication with a suction source;

connecting a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber, the second chamber having a volume smaller than a volume of the first chamber, and the second chamber being connected to an external tube;

collecting liquid in the second chamber via the external tube; and

selectively draining the liquid collected in the second chamber into the first chamber.

22. The method ofclaim 21, further comprising removing the second chamber from the first chamber.

23. The method ofclaim 21, wherein selectively draining the liquid comprises allowing the liquid to flow into the first chamber when a liquid level in the second chamber rises above a predetermined level.

24. The method ofclaim 21, wherein connecting the second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber comprises providing a conduit having a first end extending to an upper portion of the second chamber and a second end communicating with the first chamber.

25. The method ofclaim 24, wherein the conduit extends vertically across a bottom wall of the second chamber.

26. The method ofclaim 21, wherein selectively draining the liquid comprises providing a valve configured to open and close a flow passage communicating between the first chamber and the second chamber, so as to selectively allow the liquid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber.

27. The method ofclaim 26, wherein the flow passage comprises a first opening in the second chamber and a plate member having a second opening, the second chamber and the plate member being rotatable relative to one another between an open position, in which the first opening is aligned with the second opening, and a closed position, in which the first opening is not aligned with the second opening.

28. The method ofclaim 21, wherein connecting the second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber comprises providing a support member having a first end configured to communicate with the second chamber and a second end configured to be removably placed on a top of the first chamber in fluid communication with an interior of the first chamber.

29. The system ofclaim 28, wherein the support member establishes the fluid communication between the first chamber and the second chamber when the support member is placed on the top of the first chamber.

30. The method ofclaim 21, further comprising providing a liner between a main body and a lid of the second chamber, such that the lid and the liner define an interior space in fluid communication with the external tube and such that the main body and the liner define an exterior space.

31. The method ofclaim 30, wherein selectively draining the liquid comprises collapsing the liner using the suction source to drain the liquid collected in the second chamber into the first chamber.

32. The method ofclaim 30, wherein connecting the second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber comprises:

connecting a first line between the first chamber and the interior space; and

connecting a second line between the first chamber and the exterior space.

33. The method ofclaim 32, wherein the first line comprises a first passage and a second passage, ends of the first and second passages inside the second chamber being located at different elevations from one another.

34. The method ofclaim 32, wherein the second line is branched off from the first line.

35. The method ofclaim 32, wherein selectively draining the liquid comprises closing the second line so as to cause the internal space to collapse and to cause the liquid collected in the second chamber to flow into the first chamber.

36. The method ofclaim 21, wherein collecting the liquid comprises collecting liquid during a medical procedure.

37. The method ofclaim 21, further comprising applying suction to the second chamber from the first chamber.

38. A liquid collection chamber comprising:

a main body configured to collect liquid;

an inlet port for connecting to an external tube; and

a flow passage communicating between an interior and an exterior of the main body,

wherein the chamber is configured to selectively drain liquid collected in the main body through the flow passage without tilting the main body.

39. The chamber ofclaim 38, further comprising a lid configured to substantially close an opening of the main body, wherein the lid comprises the inlet port.

40. The chamber ofclaim 39, further comprising a liner disposed inside the main body, wherein the lid and the liner define a first space in fluid communication with the inlet port, and the main body and the liner define a second space.

41. The chamber ofclaim 40, wherein the flow passage comprises:

a first line for communicating between a suction source and the first space;

a second line for communicating between the suction source and the second space; and

a valve configured to open and close the second line.

42. The chamber ofclaim 41, wherein the first line comprises a first passage and a second passage, ends of the first and second passages inside the main body being located at different elevations from one another.

43. The chamber ofclaim 42, wherein the first line defines both the first passage and the second passage in a single conduit.

44. The chamber ofclaim 41, wherein the second line is branched off from the first line.

45. The chamber ofclaim 41, wherein the flow passage is configured such that, with the inlet port closed, closing the valve causes the first space to collapse and to thereby cause the liquid collected in the main body to flow out of the main body.

46. The chamber ofclaim 40, wherein the liner is configured to prevent direct contact between the liquid collected in the first space and the main body.

47. The chamber ofclaim 38, wherein the flow passage is positioned at an upper portion of the main body.

48. The chamber ofclaim 38, further comprising an overflow mechanism configured to allow liquid collected in the main body to drain out of the main body when a liquid level in the main body rises above a predetermined level.

49. The chamber ofclaim 38, further comprising a suction port for connecting to a suction source.

50. The chamber ofclaim 49, wherein the flow passage comprises the suction port.

51. The chamber ofclaim 49, wherein the suction port comprises a conduit having a first end extending to an upper portion of the main body and a second end communicating with the exterior of the main body.

52. The chamber ofclaim 51, wherein the conduit extends vertically across a bottom wall of the main body.

53. The chamber ofclaim 38, wherein the flow passage comprises a valve configured to open and close the flow passage so as to selectively drain liquid collected in the main body to the exterior.

54. The chamber ofclaim 53, wherein the flow passage comprises a first opening in the main body, and the valve comprises a plate member having a second opening, the main body and the plate member being movable relative to one another between an open position, in which the first opening is in alignment with the second opening, and a closed position, in which the first opening is not in alignment with the second opening.

55. The chamber ofclaim 38, further comprising a support member having a first end configured to communicate with the main body and a second end configured to be removably placed on a storage container in fluid communication with an interior of the storage container.

56. The chamber ofclaim 55, wherein the support member is configured to establish a fluid communication between the interior of the main body and the interior of the storage container when the support member is placed on the storage container.

57. A method of performing a medical procedure, comprising:

placing a second chamber in fluid communication with a first chamber, the first chamber having a volume greater than a volume of the second chamber;

collecting liquid in the second chamber during a medical procedure;

transferring the liquid collected in the second chamber into the first chamber;

replacing at least a portion of the second chamber with a clean unit; and

placing the removed portion in a waste container.

58. The method ofclaim 57, wherein replacing at least a portion of the second chamber comprises removing the second chamber from the first chamber and replacing the second chamber with a third chamber configured like the second chamber.

59. The method ofclaim 57, further comprising providing the second chamber in fluid communication with a suction source.

60. The method ofclaim 59, wherein collecting liquid comprises drawing liquid into the second chamber via a suction tube connected to the second chamber.

61. The method ofclaim 57, wherein transferring comprises actuating a valve to open a flow passage connecting between the first chamber and the second chamber.

62. The method ofclaim 57, wherein placing the first chamber in fluid communication with the second chamber comprises removably placing the second chamber on a top of the first chamber in fluid communication with an interior of the first chamber.

63. The method ofclaim 57, further comprising providing a liner between a main body and a lid of the second chamber, such that the lid and the liner define an interior space in fluid communication with an external tube and such that the main body and the liner define an exterior space.

64. The method ofclaim 63, further comprising collapsing the liner to transfer the liquid from the second chamber to the first chamber.

65. The method ofclaim 63, wherein replacing at least a portion of the second chamber comprises removing the liner and the lid from the main body and placing another liner and another lid on the main body.

66. The method ofclaim 57, further comprising treating the liquid collected in the second chamber before transferring to the first chamber.

67. The method ofclaim 57, further comprising filtering the liquid collected in the second chamber before transferring to the first chamber.

68. The method ofclaim 57, further comprising applying suction to the second chamber via the first chamber.

69. The method ofclaim 57, wherein liquid collected in the second chamber is from a first patient, and further comprising collecting liquid from a second patient in the clean unit.

70. The method ofclaim 69, wherein the first chamber retains liquid collected from the first patient while liquid is being collected from the second patient in the clean unit.

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