US20070178767A1 - Electrical connector - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrical connector is described. In one implementation, the connector includes a female portion including one or more electrical contacts and a male portion including one or more electrical contacts. The female portion and the male portion each have a self-orientating geometry that allows the male portion to be mated with the female portion in any rotational position along 360 degrees of rotation. When mated, the electrical contacts of the female portion mate with corresponding one or more electrical contacts of the male portion to form one or more electrical connections between two electronic components.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD
• This invention relates to electrical connectors.
BACKGROUND
• Electrical connectors come in various forms and serve various purposes. For example, computers are commonly connected to peripheral devices (e.g., keyboards, monitors and printers) through USB (Universal Serial Bus) connectors and multi-pin connectors. An RJ-11 phone plug type connector is also used in computer networks, as well as other implementations. For example, a catheter including a device such as an ultrasonic imaging device requiring rotation during operation may be mechanically and electrically connected to a motor drive unit. An RJ-11 connector coupled with a rotary transformer can be used to connect the motor drive unit to the catheter. Typically, an electrical connector has a female portion and a male portion that can be mated to form an electrical connection between the two portions. A conventional USB connector, for example, requires the male portion be inserted into the female portion at one particular orientation along 360 degrees of rotation.
SUMMARY
• This invention relates to electrical connectors. In general, in one aspect, the invention features an apparatus including a connector that electrically connects an electronic component with an imaging catheter. The connector includes a female portion including one or more electrical contacts and a male portion including one or more electrical contacts. The female portion and the male portion each have a self-orientating geometry that allows the male portion to be mated with the female portion in any rotational position along 360 degrees of rotation. When mated, the electrical contacts of the female portion mate with corresponding one or more electrical contacts of the male portion to form one or more electrical connections between the electronic component and the imaging catheter.
• Implementations of the apparatus may include one or more of the following features. The electronic component can be a motor drive unit for driving an ultrasound transducer included in the imaging catheter. The electrical contacts on the male portion can be shaped as a series of axially stacked rings and the electrical contacts on the female portion can be shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another. The male and female portions are configured to mate such that each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings. The fingers can have a spring force that causes the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated. Each finger can have a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger can come into contact with the corresponding ring. The female portion can include an outer shield configured to shield the electrical contacts from radio frequency signals. In one implementation, the connector can conform to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.
• In general, in another aspect, the invention features an imaging system. The imaging system includes an imaging catheter, a motor drive unit and a connector. The imaging catheter includes a rotator core, a drive shaft, and an imaging core, and is configured to electrically connect to a motor drive unit by a connector, where a female or male portion of the connector is included within the rotator core. The motor drive unit is configured to electrically connect to the imaging catheter by the connector and to provide rotational movement to the imaging core, where a female or male portion of the connector is included at a distal end of the motor drive unit. The connector is configured to electrically connect the imaging catheter to a motor drive unit. The connector includes a female portion including one or more electrical contacts and a male portion including one or more electrical contacts. The connector is rotatable and the male portion and the female portion each have a corresponding locking geometry that allows for transfer of rotational movement between the male and female portions when mated. One of either the male or female portion of the connector is included at the distal end of the motor drive unit and the corresponding portion is included within the rotator core of the imaging catheter.
• Implementations of the system may include one or more of the following features. The locking geometry can include one or more keys included in one of the male or female portions and one or more corresponding grooves included in the other of the male or female portions. The electrical contacts on the male portion can be shaped as a series of axially stacked rings. The electrical contacts on the female portion can be shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another. The male and female portions are configured to mate such that each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings. The fingers can have a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated. Each finger can have a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger can come into contact with the corresponding ring. In one implementation, the connector can conform to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.
• In general, in another aspect, the invention features an apparatus including a connector. The connector includes a female portion including one or more electrical contacts and a male portion including one or more electrical contacts. The female portion and the male portion each have a self-orientating geometry that allows the male portion to be mated with the female portion in any rotational position along 360 degrees of rotation. When mated, the electrical contacts of the female portion mate with corresponding one or more electrical contacts of the male portion to form one or more electrical connections.
• Implementations of the apparatus may include one or more of the following features. The electrical contacts on the male portion can be shaped as a series of axially stacked rings. The electrical contacts on the female portion can be shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another. When the male and female portions are mated, each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings. The fingers can include a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated. Each finger can have a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger comes into contact with a corresponding ring. The female portion can include an outer shield that shields the electrical contacts from radio frequency signals. In one implementation, the connector can conform to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.
• In general, in another aspect, the invention features an apparatus including a connector. The connector is configured to connect a motor drive unit to a catheter, the catheter being a tubular instrument that can be inserted into a body cavity or blood vessel. The connector includes a female portion, including one or more electrical contacts and a locking geometry, where the one or more electrical contacts are configured to mate to one or more electrical contacts of a male portion and the locking geometry is configured to mate to a corresponding locking geometry of the male portion. The connector further includes a male portion, including one or more electrical contacts and a locking geometry, where the one or more electrical contacts are configured to mate to one or more electrical contacts of the female portion and the locking geometry is configured to mate to a corresponding locking geometry of the female portion. The connector is configured to rotate such that when the female and male portions are mated, rotational movement from the motor drive unit is transferred to the catheter and an electrical connection is made between the motor drive unit and the catheter.
• Implementations of the apparatus can include one or more of the following features. The locking geometry can include one or more keys in either the female or male portion and one or more corresponding grooves in the other portion. The catheter can include a rotator core, a drive shaft, and an imaging core. The connector can be positioned within the rotator core. The electrical contacts on the male portion can be shaped as a series of axially stacked rings, and the electrical contacts on the female portion can be shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another. When the male and female portions are mated, each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings. The fingers can include a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated. Each finger can have a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger comes into contact with a corresponding ring. In one implementation, the connector can conform to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol. In another implementation, the connector can be a multi-pin connector and the male portion can include a plurality of pins and the female portion can include a plurality of corresponding apertures configured to receive the plurality of pins.
• A connector implemented according to the invention can realize one or more of the following advantages. The male and female portions of the connector can be mated at any orientation, facilitating connection by a user. By eliminating the need for an “orientation zone”, such a connector can be more compact than other types of connectors. The connector can accommodate a larger number of electrical contacts and can reduce noise better than other types of connector. The configuration of electrical contacts allows the connector to be included in a rotating housing, ideal for uses such as the catheter described without requiring a rotary transformer.
• The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
• FIG. 1 illustrates a partial cut view of an orientation free connector.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional views of male and female portions of a rotatable connector.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a rotatable multi-pin connector.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a medical imaging system.
• FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate a medical imaging catheter.
• FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate a connector in a medical imaging catheter.
• Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• FIG. 1 shows an orientationfree connector100 including amale portion110 and a matingfemale portion120. Themale portion110 includes a set ofelectrical contacts130. Thefemale portion120 includes a corresponding set ofelectrical contacts140. When the female portion of the connector is mated with the male portion, an electrical connection is established between each electrical contact on the male portion and the corresponding electrical contact on the female portion.
• Theelectrical contacts130,140 can be made of any conductive material, for example, gold. Alternatively, the electrical contacts can be made of a non-conductive material that is coated in a conductive material. Theelectrical contacts130,140 have a self-orientating geometry that allows the male andfemale portions110,120 to be mated in any rotational position along 360 degrees of rotation, while still providing sufficient contact between the corresponding electrical contacts and while avoiding contact between electrical contacts that are intended to be connected. In general, there can be a one-to-one relationship in the connection of theelectrical contacts130 and140.
• In the example embodiment illustrated inFIG. 1, theelectrical contacts130 on themale portion110 are shaped as a series-of axially stacked rings. The contact rings are supported by an insulatinglayer150. The insulatinglayer150 can be made of any non-conductive material, e.g., a dielectric, for example, a plastic. Eachelectric contact130 can be connected to wires or lead traces in the dielectric150, e.g., in grooves formed therein. The wires or leads provide an electrical connection between theelectric contacts130 in the male portion (i.e., the rings) and an electrical component attached to the connector (e.g., a power supply or motor drive unit). The dielectric150 also provides support for an outer shield that can shield the rings from RF (radio frequency) signals.
• Theelectrical contacts140 on thefemale portion120 are shaped as a series of fingers spaced circumferentially about an inner region of thefemale portion120 and axially offset from another. Each finger has a ridgedportion160 along the length of the finger. The ridgedportion160 is positioned such that when the male and female portions of the connector are mated, the ridgedportion160 of the finger contacts a ring in themale portion110. The position of the ridge along the longitudinal axis of thefemale portion120 varies from finger to finger. This allows each finger of thefemale portion120 to contact a different ring of themale portion110.
• The fingers can have a degree of flexibility and resilience. When themale portion110 of the connector is inserted into thefemale portion120, the fingers on thefemale portion120 bend to allow themale portion110 to pass over the fingers. At the same time, the resilience or spring force of the fingers tends to urge the fingers into contact with the rings of themale portion110, once themale portion110 is engaged in thefemale portion120.
• In the embodiment shown inFIG. 1, each portion of theconnector100 includes a set of four electrical contacts. Other embodiments can include other numbers of electrical contacts, for example, one or more. The number of contacts and the spacing of the contacts on thefemale portion120 correspond to the number and spacing on themale portion110.
• In some applications, a connection is required between two components that rotate during operation. One approach is to connect the two components using a non-rotating electrical connector (e.g., an RJ-11 connector) in conjunction with a separate rotary transformer. However, this approach requires use of the separate rotary transformer, adding bulk and expense to the electrical connector.
• The connector described herein can rotate without requiring a separate rotary transformer. A rotating connector can include a positive locking geometry that allows for transfer of rotational movement between the male and female portions. For example, as illustrated inFIG. 2, the locking geometry can include a set ofkeys210 on themale portion110 that fit into a corresponding set ofgrooves220 on thefemale portion120. Although only two keys and grooves are shown, more or fewer keys and grooves can be used. In embodiments where theconnector100 includes the keyed geometry, the housing200 is not orientation free. For example, in the embodiment shown inFIG. 2, there are only two rotational positions along 360 degrees of rotation where the keys and grooves can be aligned.
• In another embodiment, theconnector100 is configured for mounting to a panel, for example, a panel on the front or back of a computer. That is, thefemale portion120 can be affixed within the panel, and themale portion110 can be attached to the distal end of an electrical cable affixed to a peripheral device, e.g., a keyboard. In another embodiment, theconnector100 can be configured to provide a liquid tight seal around the electrical contacts. For example, themale portion110 can include an o-ring held within a groove located at the distal end of themale portion110. When themale portion110 is inserted into thefemale portion120, the o-ring forms a liquid tight seal.
• A USB connector generally refers to a connector meeting the Universal Standard Bus (USB) Specification. The USB Specification includes a mechanical specification, an electrical specification and a USB protocol. The USB Specification sets a standard to ensure consistency and connectivity among various USB devices and host devices. In one implementation, theconnector100 described herein can be configured to conform to the USB Specification other than the physical configuration of the connector itself. That is, theconnector100 can conform to the electrical specification and USB protocol set forth in the USB Specification Revision 2.0, dated Apr. 27, 2000, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference, or other versions of the USB Specification. Theconnector100 does have a different physical configuration then a standard USB connector, and is not configured to mate with either a male or female standard USB connector. For certain applications where an orientation free connector or a rotatable connector is desirable, a standard USB connector could be replaced by a connector conforming to the USB specification electronically, but physically configured as described above in reference toFIG. 1.
• One or more of the above-described features can also be used with other configurations of connectors. For example,FIG. 3 illustrates amulti-pin connector300 that can rotate. The multi-pin connector has amale connector310 and afemale connector320, each encased within ahousing330. Thehousing330 can include positive locking geometry that allows for transfer of rotational movement between the male andfemale connectors310,320. In the implementation shown, the positive locking geometry is a set ofkeys340 that can slide into a corresponding set ofgrooves350.
• The above-described connectors can be used in a variety of contexts. An exemplarymedical imaging system400 is illustrated inFIG. 4. Aconnector415 configured as one of the connectors described herein can be used in themedical imaging system400 to connect amotor drive unit410 to amedical imaging catheter420. Themotor drive unit410 can provide power, data transfer capabilities, and/or mechanical drive to themedical imaging catheter420.
• Themedical imaging catheter420 can be used in a variety of medical procedures. One such procedure is IVUS (Intravascular Ultrasound) imaging. IVUS is a medical imaging technique that creates images of the interior of a blood vessel by inserting an imaging catheter into the blood vessel. An ultrasound transducer mounted at the tip of the catheter interrogates the cross-sectional plane of the blood vessel by rotating and then emitting ultrasonic pulses and receiving echoes of the emitted pulses at various angular positions. An image processor draws radial lines corresponding to each angular position. The image processor assigns brightness values to pixels on the line based on the echo received for that angular position. The drawing of a large number of such radial lines results in an IVUS image.
• FIG. 5A illustrates one embodiment of amedical imaging catheter420 for performing IVUS imaging. In this embodiment, the catheter includes afirst subassembly510 and asecond subassembly550. The first subassembly includes arotator core520, adrive shaft530, and animaging core540. At the distal end of theimaging core540 is anultrasound transducer542 and an MPS (medical positioning sensor)coil544 for tracking the movement of theimaging core540. Inside of therotator core520 is anelectrical connector600, which is described in more detail below with reference toFIGS. 6A and 6B.
• As shown inFIGS. 6A and 6B, anelectrical connector600 is located at the proximal end of thefirst subassembly510. In the embodiment shown theelectrical connector600 is multi-pin connector similar to themulti-pin connector300 described in reference toFIG. 3. In another embodiment, theconnector100 described in reference toFIG. 1 can be included in the proximal end of thefirst subassembly510. Theelectrical connector600 allows the catheter to be connected to another electrical component, e.g., a motor drive unit that provides power, data transfer capabilities, and mechanical drive to the catheter.
• Theelectrical connector600 can be secured inside therotator core520 by any means.FIG. 6 shows a pair ofbolts610 that are rotationally fixed with respect toconnector600. the bolts serve as an alignment feature when used in conjunction with the mating connector. The bolts can also function as the positive locking mechanism that allows for transfer of rotational movement. Alternatively, therotator core530 can include a separate positive locking mechanism.
• Theconnector600 can be a multi-pin connector or a connector including an axial ring configuration as described above. In the case where a multi-pin connector is used, the male portion of the multi-pin connector can only be inserted into the female portion at particular rotational positions. Thus, the multi-pin connector typically includes an orientation zone where the male portion can align itself with the female portion prior to insertion. The orientationfree connector100 shown inFIG. 1, by contrast, does not require an orientation zone because the male portion can be inserted into the female portion at any rotational position. Thus, the orientationfree connector100 is typically more compact in size than a multi-pin connector and can accommodate a larger number of electrical contacts than a multi-pin connector. Theconnector100 typically has better shielding than a multi-pin connector and therefore, is better at reducing noise.
• Referring back toFIG. 5A, thesecond subassembly550 of the catheter includes aproximal housing560, atelescope570, and asheath580. To position the catheter for use, thesheath580 is inserted into a patient's blood vessel. Thefirst subassembly510 is inserted into thesecond subassembly550 such that therotator core520 andelectrical connector600 are positioned inside theproximal housing560 and theimaging core540,transducer542 andMPS coil544 are positioned inside thesheath580.FIG. 5B shows thesheath580 with theimaging core540,transducer542 andMPS coil544 positioned inside.
• During use of the catheter, therotator core520 rotates thedrive shaft530 which, in turn, rotates theimaging core540. Theelectrical connector600 inside of therotator core520 rotates while still maintaining electrical connection with a corresponding electrical connector attached to the motor drive unit.
• Thetelescope570 can be retracted and extended to move the position of theimaging core540 inside the sheath. This allows theimaging core540 to take images at different positions along the blood vessel while thesheath580 remains stationary.
• The above described implementation of theconnector100 in the context of a medical device is exemplary. As discussed above, other implementations are possible both within and outside of the medical device field. Additionally, other forms of catheters can implement theconnector100. The catheter described above was merely exemplary. For example, a catheter including a rotating ablation device can be electrically connected to a motor drive unit using theconnector100 ormulti-pin connector300 described.
• A number of embodiments of the invention have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (27)

1. An apparatus comprising:

a connector that electrically connects an electronic component with an imaging catheter, the connector including:

a female portion including one or more electrical contacts; and

a male portion including one or more electrical contacts,

where the female portion and the male portion each has a self-orientating geometry that allows the male portion to be mated with the female portion in any rotational position along 360 degrees of rotation and when mated, the electrical contacts of the female portion mate with corresponding one or more electrical contacts of the male portion to form one or more electrical connections between the electronic component and the imaging catheter.

2. The apparatus ofclaim 1, where the electronic component comprises a motor drive unit for driving an ultrasound transducer included in the imaging catheter.

3. The apparatus ofclaim 1, where:

the electrical contacts on the male portion are shaped as a series of axially stacked rings;

the electrical contacts on the female portion are shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another; and

where the male and female portions are configured to mate such that each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings.

4. The apparatus ofclaim 3, where the fingers include a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated.

5. The apparatus ofclaim 3, where each finger has a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger comes into contact with the corresponding ring.

6. The apparatus ofclaim 1, where the female portion includes an outer shield configured to shield the electrical contacts from radio frequency signals.

7. The apparatus ofclaim 1, where the connector conforms to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.

8. An imaging system, comprising:

an imaging catheter comprising a rotator core, a drive shaft, and an imaging core, and configured to electrically connect to a motor drive unit by a connector, where a female or male portion of the connector is included within the rotator core;

a motor drive unit configured to electrically connect to the imaging catheter by the connector and to provide rotational movement to the imaging core, where a female or male portion of the connector is included at a distal end of the motor drive unit; and

a connector configured to electrically connect the imaging catheter to a motor drive unit, and comprising:

a female portion including one or more electrical contacts; and

a male portion including one or more electrical contacts;

where the connector is rotatable and the male portion and the female portion each have a corresponding locking geometry that allows for transfer of rotational movement between the male and female portions when mated and where one of either the male or female portion of the connector is included at the distal end of the motor drive unit and the corresponding portion is included within the rotator core of the imaging catheter.

9. The apparatus ofclaim 8, where the locking geometry includes one or more keys included in one of the male or female portions and one or more corresponding grooves included in the other of the male or female portions.

10. The apparatus ofclaim 8, where:

the electrical contacts on the male portion are shaped as a series of axially stacked rings;

the electrical contacts on the female portion are shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another; and

where the male and female portions are configured to mate such that each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings.

11. The apparatus ofclaim 10, where the fingers include a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated.

12. The apparatus ofclaim 10, where each finger has a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger comes into contact with the corresponding ring.

13. The apparatus ofclaim 8, where the connector conforms to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.

14. An apparatus comprising:

a connector including:

a female portion including one or more electrical contacts; and

a male portion including one or more electrical contacts,

where the female portion and the male portion each has a self-orientating geometry that allows the male portion to be mated with the female portion in any rotational position along 360 degrees of rotation and when mated, the electrical contacts of the female portion mate with corresponding one or more electrical contacts of the male portion to form one or more electrical connections.

15. The apparatus ofclaim 14, where the electrical contacts on the male portion are shaped as a series of axially stacked rings, the electrical contacts on the female portion are shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another, and when the male and female portions are mated, each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings.

16. The apparatus ofclaim 15, where the fingers include a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated.

17. The apparatus ofclaim 15, where each finger has a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger comes into contact with a corresponding ring.

18. The apparatus ofclaim 14, where the female portion includes an outer shield that shields the electrical contacts from radio frequency signals.

19. The apparatus ofclaim 14, where the connector conforms to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.

20. An apparatus comprising:

a connector that is configured to connect a motor drive unit to a catheter, the catheter being a tubular instrument that can be inserted into a body cavity or blood vessel, the connector including:

a female portion, including one or more electrical contacts and a locking geometry, where the one or more electrical contacts are configured to mate to one or more electrical contacts of a male portion and the locking geometry is configured to mate to a corresponding locking geometry of the male portion; and

a male portion, including one or more electrical contacts and a locking geometry, where the one or more electrical contacts are configured to mate to one or more electrical contacts of the female portion and the locking geometry is configured to mate to a corresponding locking geometry of the female portion,

where the connector is configure to rotate such that when the female and male portions are mated, rotational movement from the motor drive unit is transferred to the catheter and an electrical connection is made between the motor drive unit and the catheter.

21. The apparatus ofclaim 20, where the locking geometry includes one or more keys in either the female or male portion and one or more corresponding grooves in the other portion.

22. The apparatus ofclaim 20, where:

the catheter includes a rotator core, a drive shaft, and an imaging core; and

the connector is positioned within the rotator core.

23. The apparatus ofclaim 22, where the electrical contacts on the male portion are shaped as a series of axially stacked rings, the electrical contacts on the female portion are shaped as fingers spaced around a circumference of the female portion and axially offset from one another, and when the male and female portions are mated, each finger is in contact with a corresponding one of the rings.

24. The apparatus ofclaim 22, where the fingers include a spring force that urges the fingers to press against the rings when the male and female portions are mated.

25. The apparatus ofclaim 22, where each finger has a ridged portion along the length of the finger and the ridged portion of the finger comes into contact with a corresponding ring.

26. The apparatus ofclaim 20, where the connector conforms to the USB (Universal Serial Bus) electrical specification and protocol.

27. The apparatus ofclaim 20, where the connector is a multi-pin connector and the male portion includes a plurality of pins and the female portion includes a plurality of corresponding apertures configured to receive the plurality of pins.

Images