US20070172531A1 - Chinese traditional medicine composition for treatment of avian influenza, method for preparation, and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A Chinese traditional medicine composition for prevention and treatment of avian influenza is provided. Its activated ingredients are consisted of:herba houttuyniae21.4 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae17.9 wt. %,radix isatidis14.3 wt. %,male fern rhizome10.7 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis7.1 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae7.1 wt. %,rhizoma paridis7.l wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae7.2 wt. %, andrhizoma iridis tectoris7.2 wt. %. This Chinese traditional medicine composition could be made into any regular medicinal types, for example, oral solutions, tablets, capsules, pellets and injection solution, etc. Modified preparation methods for this Chinese traditional medicine composition, as well as the use of the same in preparation of medicines and health foods for prevention or treatment of avian influenza were also provided in present invention. This Chinese traditional medicine composition could effectively prevent and treat avian influenza. It was a safer, more easily-obtained, and inexpensive anti-avian influenza drug.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention relates to a Chinese traditional medicine composition for prevention and treatment of Avian Influenza (AI), a method for preparation, and application thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a Chinese traditional medicine composition for prevention and treatment of AI that is made from herb, a method for preparing the same, and application thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• AI is an avian acute contagious symptom caused by type A influenza virus. The affected animals include geese, chickens, ducks, pigeons and some wild birds. The research on contagious diseases has indicated that AIV (Avian Influenza Virus) is highly pathogenic and contagious. AI was defined by World Organization for Animal Health as a type A infection, also known as fowl plague or European plague. There are three types of AI in relation to the pathogen. These include highly pathogenic, low pathogenic and non-pathogenic. No obvious symptoms were caused by non-pathogenic AI. However, some virus antibody was generated in the infected birds. The symptoms caused by low pathogenic AI included marginal respiratory symptom, reduced food intake, reduced egg production, and a few deaths. The highly pathogenic AI could cause the most serious symptoms with a very high death rate. Humans have not yet had effective methods for prevention and treatment of high pathogenic AI, which was found in 1878. Sterilization, separation and flock slaughtering were applied to prevent further spreading. The infected flock had an extremely high death rate which brought serious financial loss.
• Naturally, the correlation between AI and human flu happened through intermediate hosts such as pigs, horses, dolphins, and other mammals. However, the antigenic characteristics of the highly pathogenic AIV changed frequently, which was also called antigenic shift and antigenic drift. In addition, its intermediate hosts increased continuously. The highly pathogenic AIV nowadays could infect humans directly. The first case of inter-species infection was in Hong Kong, China, in 1997, and again on China's mainland and Hong Kong in 1999. It was induced by H₉N₂AIV and caused some mortality. It broke the rule in which human and other mammals could only be infected by H₁, H₂, and H₃influenza virus. H₅and H₉are the newest members of the influenza virus family, which bring new topic for public health. Avian Influenza has broken out in many countries and it has become a major threat to the human health and the safety of global economy.
• H₁, H₂, and H₃were the only influenza virus's found in humans for a long time. All the research, vaccines, and anti-viral medications were aimed towards these three viruses. Human beings had neither immunities nor effective medications against the new outbreak of H₅, H₉, and H₇. Serious symptoms, including fever, muscle soreness, and chills, could be caused in humans by highly pathogenic AIV infections. Its complications could even cause death.
• The current major medications for anti-influenza virus include neuralminidase inhibitors (such as Zanamivir, Oseltamivir, etc.), ion channel blockers (such as Amantadine and rimantadine), and nucleotide medications (such as tribavirim, that is, ribavirin or virazole). Ion channel blockers were considered as the best medications for prevention and treatment of influenza viruses.
• However, the above mentioned medications have shown limitations:
• (1) The neuralminidase inhibitors could effectively restrain type A and B influenza viruses. However, it is relatively expensive, which limits its extension. For example, Tamiflu made in Roche Pharmaceutical Corp. was also called Oseltamivirphosphat, i.e., phosphate of Oseltamivir ((3R,4R,5S)-4-acetylamino-5-amino-3(1-ethylpropoxy)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, with CASRN of 196618-13-0) with CASRN of 204255-11-8. This medicine should be taken twice daily with a dosage of 75 mg each time. Thus 60 RMB was needed per day for medicine. 300 RMB was required for one 5-day treatment phase. Furthermore, Roche Pharmaceutical Corp. refused to release the patent for Tamiflu even after 2017, citing justifications such as the complexity of production and maintaining high quality standards. Thus the production of Tamiflu was in short supply.
• However, significant side effects have been found with Tamiflu, including hallucinations, abnormal behaviors and other psychological and neural symptoms. Drug resistance has also been observed in some of the patients.
• (2) Ion channel blockers could effectively resist type A influenza virus. However, it is poisonous to the nervous system and could induce drug resistance if taken for a long period of time. It also has no effect on type B influenza virus.
• (3) Tribavirin (virazole) could effectively treat the infection caused by RNA and DNA viruses. However, this compound has teratogenic effect which limits its application in clinical practices.
• In order to find effective and safe treatment for influenza viruses, many scientists turned to Chinese traditional herbs for help. For example, a Chinese traditional medicine composition which could prevent chicken, duck avian influenza, was introduced in article CN200510011432.3 from Huanan Agricultural University. However, this Chinese traditional medicine composition was not very effective in avian influenza treatment, and thus it cannot meet the requirement for inhibiting the outbreak of AI.
• Therefore, a safe, effective, inexpensive medicine which could not only prevent but also treat avian influenza is in great need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• One purpose of the present invention is to provide a Chinese traditional medicine composition for prevention and treatment of avian influenza.
• Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method for the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention.
• Yet the other purpose of this invention is to provide uses of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention in preparation of medicines which are used in prevention and treatment of avian influenza.
• A further purpose of this invention is to provide uses of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention in preparation of health goods which are used in prevention and treatment of avian influenza.
• In one embodiment of the present invention, the Chinese traditional medicine composition which could effectively prevent and treat avian influenza comprises active ingredients and/or medical acceptable vector, wherein the active ingredients substantially includes:herba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-70.0 % wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. % and other herbs for removing fever and detoxication.
• The above mentioned herbs areMale Rern Rhizome, Radix angelicae dahuricae, Herba Andrographic, Dandelion, Natural Indigo, Sargentgloryvine Stem, Chinese Licorice,or the like.
• The active ingredients of the above mentioned Chinese traditional medicine composition could also includeherba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-70.0 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %, andradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %.
• In another embodiment of the present invention, the Chinese traditional medicine composition which could effectively prevent and treat avian influenza comprises active ingredients and/or medical acceptable vector, wherein the active ingredients substantially includesherba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-58.4 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome1.9 wt. %-37.3 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %, and other herbs for fever reduction and detoxification.
• The above mentioned herbs arerhizoma paridis, herba artemisiae annuae, Java brucea fruit, herba andrographis, dandelion, mint, platycodon grandiflorus, Chinese licorice,or the like.
• The active ingredients of the above mentioned Chinese traditional medicine composition could also includeherba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-58.4 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome1.9 wt. %-37.3 wt. %, andradix angelicae dahuricae1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %.
• In another embodiment of the present invention, the Chinese traditional medicine composition which could effectively prevent and treat avian influenza comprises active ingredients and/or medical acceptable vector, wherein the active ingredients is consisted ofherba houttuyniae9.3 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae9.3 wt. %-37.3% wt. %,radix isatidis4.7 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome2.3 wt. %-28.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,rhizoma paridis2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %, andrhizoma iridis tectoris2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %.
• The preferred components of the active ingredients of the above mentioned Chinese traditional medicine composition areherba houttuyniae14.0 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae11.7 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,radix isatidis9.3 wt. %-21.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome7.0 wt. %-18.7 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,rhizoma paridis4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %, andrhizoma iridis tectoris4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %.
• The more preferred components of the active ingredients of the above mentioned Chinese traditional medicine composition areherba houttuyniae21.4 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae17.9 wt. %,radix isatidis14.3 wt. %.male fern rhizome10.7 wt. %.radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis7.1 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae7.1 wt. %,rhizoma paridis7.1 wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae7.2 wt. %,rhizoma iridis tectoris7.2 wt. %.
• The Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention could be readily made into any form of drug by conventional methods. For example, the raw materials of the present invention could be ground into powder, mixed and taken with water. The raw materials of the present invention could also be boiled and concentrated into medicines. In order to maximize the effect of all the raw materials, theherba houttuyniaewas preferably extracted, for example, by using ethanol. However, these could not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
• The preferred Chinese traditional medicine composition comprisesherba houttuyniae, caulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidisandmale fern rhizome,etc., could be prepared in the following steps:
• The above mentioned four herbs were obtained in prescription amounts. Theherba houttuyniaewas boiled in water for 10˜40 minutes. The solution was filtered and concentrated into a clear cream with a density of 1.05-1.20. The cream was then cooled and ethanol was added until the amount of ethanol was 50˜80%. It was then allowed to sit for 24-48 hours followed by filtration. The collected ethanol was concentrated and a clear cream of density 1.05-1.25 was obtained. The other three herbs, includingcaulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidisandmale fern rhizome,were boiled for 2 hours in water twice. The herbs were filtered and the filtrate was concentrated until a density of 1.40 was reached. Following filtration the obtained filtrate was re-concentrated into a clear cream with a density of 1.45. Theherba houttuyniaeclear cream was then added and mixed. The mixture was continuously concentrated to thick cream with a density of 1.10 or greater. Finally, the thick cream and powdered sucrose were mixed in a 1:3˜8 ratio. The mixture was then made into pellets and packed.
• The raw materials in the above mentioned preparation process could also be prepared withmale fern rhizomeandradix angelicae dahuricae,or withherba andrographic, dandelion, natural indigo, sargentgloryvine stemorChinese licorice.The detailed preparation steps are as follows:
• Herba houttuyniae, caulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidis, radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis, male fern rhizomeandradix angelicae dahuricaewere obtained in prescription amount. Theherba houttuyniaewas boiled in water for 10˜40 minutes, filtered, and concentrated into a clear cream with a density of 1.20. The cream was cooled and ethanol was added until the amount of ethanol was 50˜80%. It was allowed to sit for 24-48 hours followed by filtration. The ethanol was collected from the filtrate and concentrated to obtain a clear cream with a density of 1.25. The other 5 herbs were boiled in water twice for 2 hours each time. The mixture was then filtered and concentrated to a density of 1.08. Filtered again, the filtrate was concentrated into a clear cream with a density of 1.10, and mixed with the obtainedherba houttuyniaeclear cream. The mixture was continuously concentrated to obtain a thick cream with a density of 1.26 or above. Finally, the thick cream and powdered sucrose were mixed in a 1:3˜8 ratio. The mixture was then made into pellets and packed.
• The Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention consisting ofherba houttuyniae, caulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidis, radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis, male fern rhizome, radix angelicae dahuricae, rhizoma paridis, herba artemisiae annuae,andrhizoma iridis tectori,could be prepared in the following steps:
• All 9 herbs mentioned above were obtained in prescription amount. Theherba houttuyniaewas boiled in water for 10˜40 minutes, filtered, and concentrated to a clear cream with a density of 1.05. The cream was cooled and ethanol added until the amount of ethanol was 50˜80%. It was allowed to sit for 24 hours then filtered. The ethanol was then collected from the filtrate and concentrated to obtain a clear cream with a density of 1.25. The other 8 herbs were boiled in water twice for 2 hours each time. The mixture was then filtered and concentrated to a density of 1.20. Filtered again and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a clear cream with a density of 1.10-1.25, then mixed with theherba houttuyniaeclear cream. The mixture was concentrated to obtain a thick cream with a density of 1.26 or above. Finally, the thick cream and powder sucrose were mixed in a proportion of 1:3˜8. The mixture was then made into pellets and packed.
• One or more medical acceptable vectors could be added to the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention. For example, regular accessory agents include diluting agents, excipients, fillers, adhesive agents, moisturing agents, disintegrant agents, absorbtion enhancers, surfactants, absorbing vectors, lubricants, and the like.
• The Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention could be taken orally, applied through venuous injection or mucous membranes. It could be made into tablets, capsules, powder, pellets, pastille, suppositories, oral solutions, pasteurized gastroenteric suspension injections, small or large amounts of injection, frozen power injections, pasteurized powder injections or the like. All of the above-mentioned medicines could be prepared using regular methods in the art.
• In order to treat the infected animals or enhance the animal immunities against avian influenza, the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention could be added to the animal forage as an additive.
• The effective application amount of the Chinese traditional medicine composition or additive of the present invention was 20-80 mg/kg body weight per day. The preferred application amount was 30-65 mg/kg body weight per day.
• The raw materials of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention were natural plants. The Chinese traditional medicine composition could significantly resist the avian influenza viruses. The prepared medicines or additives were safe, effective, and provided new methods for prevention and treatment of avian influenza.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• FIG. 1 shows an optical microscopic photograph of the cells of control group in Experiment Example 3, while the culture of cells was stopped.FIG. 1A shows a positive control group without medicine.FIG. 1B shows a control group applied with 0.284 ug/ml of Tamiflu, and a large amount of cells are infected.FIG. 1C shows a control group applied with 2.84 ug/ml of Tamiflu, and most of cells are infected.FIG. 1D shows a control group applied with 28.4 ug/ml of Tamiflu, wherein viruses was killed, but there are many unrelated cells (killed).
• FIG. 2 shows optical microscopic photograph of the cells of control group in Experiment Example 3, while the culture of cells was stopped.FIG. 2A shows a positive control group without medicine.FIG. 2B shows the photograph when applied with 12.5 ug/ml of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention, and a large amount of cells are infected.FIG. 2C shows photograph when applied with 25 ug/ml of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention, and a large amount of cells are infected.FIG. 2D shows the photograph when applied with 50 ug/ml of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention, wherein the viruses are killed, and only a few cells are infected.FIG. 2E shows the photograph when applied with 100 ug/ml of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention, wherein all viruses are killed, and there are a few unrelated cells (killed).FIG. 2F shows the photograph when applied with 200 ug/ml of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention, wherein all viruses are killed, but some cells are killed.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
• The following Experiment Examples is to further describe the benefit of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention over the current existing anti-avian influenza medicines. The following Experiment Example includes the cytological and zoological experiments for the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention.
EXPERIMENT EXAMPLE 1
• The protective effect of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention for the flocks infected with avian influenza viruses.
• The chickens used in this experiment were healthy 50-day old yellow chicken, which were purchased from the experimental chicken farm of Zhongshan University. The Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention (which is the pellet in Example 5), was provided by the Lizhu Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. The Rimantadine, one of the control medicines, was purchased from Zhejiang Yukang Pharmaceutical Corp. The other control medicine was prepared according to China Patent 200510011432.3. The virus was H5 serum type avian influenza virus (10×10⁻⁶).
• Experimental Process:
• 190 healthy yellow chickens of 50-days old were randomly grouped into 5 groups. 30 were in the normal control group, the other groups have 40 yellow chickens each. Each chicken was injected in the abdomen with 0.2 ml of avian influenza virus diluted in chicken embryo amniotic fluid with a concentration of 0.5×10⁻⁵. Each group was fed with medicine the same day infected with AIV, except the healthy control group and infected control group, which were fed with physiological saline. The medicine or physiological saline was applied once per day continuously for 8 days. Group A was the healthy control group. Group B was applied with 10 mg/day the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention. Group C was applied with 10 mg/day Rimantadine, one of the control medicines. Group D was applied with 10 mg/day of the medicine prepared according to China Patent 200510011432.3. Group E was the infected control group. The results are shown in the following table 1:

• TABLE 1
  			Number	Rate
  			of	of	Effective
  Group	Number	Treatment method	death	death	rate

  A	30	Not infected	0	—	—
  B	40	Infected,medicine	1	2.5%	97.5%
  		applied
  C	40	Infected, medicine	23	57.5%	42.5%
  		applied
  D	40	Infected, medicine	16	40%	60%
  		applied
  E	40	Infected, medicine not	37	92.5%	—
  		applied

• The above table shows that the infected chickens were much more effectively protected by the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention than medicine of China Patent 200510011432.3 and Rimantadine.
EXPERIMENT EXAMPLE 2
• This was an experiment for treatment of viral pneumonia caused by H₇avian influenza virus.
• The lab animals were the Kunming mice provided by the experimental animal lab of Haerbing Medical University. The mice were injected with H₅N₁viruses. The Chinese traditional medicine composition injections in this experiment were provided by the Lizhu Pharmaceutical Group, Inc.
• Experimental Process:
• Each of the experimental groups and control groups had 17 mice.Control group 1 was injected in the abdomen with 15 ml/kg of physiological saline. Control group 2 was injected in the abdomen with 15 ml/kg of Zedoray Tumeric Oil injection.Control group 3 was injected in the abdomen with 15 ml/kg of ShuangSuLian injection which was often used in the treatment of pneumonia.Experimental group 1 was injected in the abdomen with 15 ml/kg of injection solution which was made fromhouttuyniae, caulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidisandmale fern rhizome.Experimental group 2 was injected in the abdomen with 15 ml/kg of injection solution which was made fromhouttuyniae, caulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidis, male fern rhizome,andChinese licorice.Experimental group 3 was injected in the abdomen with 15 ml/kg of injection solution which was made fromhouttuyniae, caulis lonicerae japonicae, radix isatidis, male fern rhizome, tokin sophora root,andradix angelicae dahuricae.All medicines were applied continuously for 10 days. Mice in all groups were killed after 11 days and samples were collected for testing. The results are shown in Table 2:

• TABLE 2
  	Significant		Not
  Group	effective	effective	effective	Death

  Experimental group 1	9	4	4	3
  Experimental group 2	8	3	6	5
  Experimental group 3	12	4	1	2
  Control group 1	0	2	15	13
  Control group 2	3	5	9	8
  Control group 3	2	3	12	10
  Note:
  “Significantly effective” means the symptoms were greatly relieved, including normal body temperature and a greatly reduced lung vesicular breath sound.
  “Effective” means the symptoms were relieved, including normal body temperature and slightly reduced lung vesicular breath sound.
  “Not effective” means the symptoms were not relieved at all or more severe.

• Table 2 shows that the Chinese traditional medicine composition used inexperimental groups 1, 2, and 3 had a much more positive effect compared to controlgroups 1, 2, and 3. The Chinese traditional medicine composition significantly improved lung circulation, reduced aggregation of blood platelets, reduced lung infection, healed lung damage, and resisted H₇avian influenza virus. The Chinese traditional medicine composition inExperimental group 3 showed a much more positive effect than incontrol groups 1 and 2.
EXPERIMENT EXAMPLE 3
• This experiment was the in vitro cytological research on the resistance of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention against highly pathogenic AI.
• The medicines used in this experiment were the pellets made in Example 7. The control medicine was Tamiflu, that is, Oseltamivir phosphate made by Roche Corp. The cells used in this experiment were MDCK cells (dog kidney cells), which were provided by the Microbiology Department of Medicine Faculty of the University of Hong Kong. The virus used in this experiment was H₅N, (geno type E), which was also provided by the Microbiology Department of Medicine Faculty of the University of Hong Kong.
• Experimental Process:
• • (1) Cell toxicity test: the medicine concentration (CC₅₀) which induced pathological changes in 50% of the cells was tested according Mosmann rules (1983).
  • (2) Anti-virus test: a certain amount of viral suspension was put into bottles containing cell cultures. 8 bottles were placed parallel for 45 minutes to let the viruses attach to the cells. Cultural solutions lacking or with differing concentrations of medicines were put into the bottles. The solutions were incubated at 37° C. for 20 hours. The cultures were terminated when 50% of the cells showed pathological changes in the bottle with respect to control cells. Photographs were taken. The results are shown in Table 3:

• TABLE 3
  		Concentration of the
  Medicine	Virus	medicine (ug/ml)

  Experimental group	H5N1(genotype E)	12.5	+8/8
  Experimental group	H5N1(genotype E)	25	+8/8
  Experimental group	H5N1(genotype E)	50	+2/8
  Experimental group	H5N1(genotype E)	100	+0/8
  Experimental group	H5N1(genotype E)	200	+0/8
  Positive control
  group
  Tamiflu	H5N1(genotype E)	0.284	+8/8
  Tamiflu	H5N1(genotype E)	2.84	+2/8
  Tamiflu	H5N1(genotype E)	28.4	+0/8
  Note:
  +means non-resistance, negative control cells were normal cells.

• Table 3 shows that the Chinese traditional medicine composition injection solution could effectively resist the avian influenza virus when the concentration of the active ingredients was 50 ug/ml or above.
• The preparation methods of the Chinese traditional medicine composition of the present invention are described as follows:
EXAMPLE 1Preparation of Large Volume Injections of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 2000 g ofherba houttuyniae,400 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,1500 g ofradix isatidis,284 g ofmale fern rhizome,100 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,100 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,100 grhizoma paridis,100 g ofherba artemisiae annuae,and 100 g ofrhizoma iridis tectori.The herbs were added with 8× water, soaked for 3 hours, then boiled and extracted twice for 1 hour each time. The extracts were combined, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum to a density of 1.25 at 65° C. They were then cooled and mixed with ethanol until 70%, then allowed to sit. The supernatant was collected, and the ethanol was removed from the liquid. The obtained solution was then concentrated to a density of 1.15 at 65° C. and counter-current extracted using 2× ethyl acetate. The extracts were combined and the ethyl acetate was removed. 50% of the injection water was added. The liquid was then boiled, cooled, and filtered, followed by mixing with suitable amount of injection water. The solution was then mixed with 0.08% of emulsifier (T-80) followed by addition of 40% of NaOH until a pH of 8.0 was reached. NaCl was added to the solution followed by injection water to obtain the isotonic solution. At last, the liquid was filtered through 0.22 μm microvoid filter film, sealed, pasteurized, lamp-inspected, and packed.
EXAMPLE 2Preparation of Small Volume Injections of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 400 g ofherba houttuyniae,1600 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,200 g ofradix isatidis,100 g ofmale fern rhizome,1000 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,200 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,200 grhizoma paridis,384 g ofherba artemisiae annuae,and 200 g ofrhizoma iridis tectori.All herbs were boiled, filtered, concentrated in a vacuum chamber, added to ethanol, allowed to sit, filtered and concentrated under vacuum until 9 g medicine/ml were obtained. The solution was diluted in water, stored in a fridge, filtered, concentrated under vacuum, and separated in a macroporous resin which was washed with water, NaOH solution, 35 wt % of ethanol, and 75 wt % of ethanol. The eluate was collected, diluted with water, combined with L-Arginase, adjusted until a pH 7.5 was reached, followed by addition of active carbon. The eluate was then heated, filtered, diluted in the same volume of water, followed by addition of L-Arginase until a concentration of 4 wt % was reached.
EXAMPLE 3Preparation of Frozen-Dry Powder Injections of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 584 g ofherba houttuyniae,500 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,400 g ofradix isatidis,300 g ofmale fern rhizome,500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,500 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,500 grhizoma paridis,500 g ofherba artemisiae annuae,and 500 g ofrhizoma iridis tectori.All herbs were added to 3200 ml of injection water, soaked for 1 hour, added to 6400 ml of injection water, boiled twice for 1.5 hours each time, and filtered. The filtrate was combined and the extract composition was obtained. 10 g of the extract composition was diluted in injection water, and then added to 2.25 g of NaCl followed by injection water until a volume of 250 ml was reached. Injection carbon was added and the solution was boiled for 20 minutes, cooled, filtered, and pasteurized. The final frozen powder injection was then packed in low-boro glass ampoules, cooled, and dried.
EXAMPLE 4Preparation of Small Volume Injections of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 200 g ofherba houttuyniae,200 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,100 g ofradix isatidis,1279 g ofmale fern rhizome,1500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 1500 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae.All herbs were added to water, boiled, and filtered. The mixture was concentrated under vacuum, added to ethanol, allowed to sit, then filtered again. The mixture was again concentrated under vacuum until 11 g medicine/ml was obtained. The medicine was diluted in water, stored in a fridge, filtered a third time, concentrated under vacuum, and separated in macroporous resin which was washed with water, NaOH solution, 55 wt % of ethanol, and 65 wt % of ethanol. The eluate was collected, diluted, added L-Arginase, adjusted until a pH 7.0 was reached, added active carbon, heated, and filtered. The final product was obtained by diluting of the eluate with the same volume of water.
EXAMPLE 5Preparation of Pellets of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 2500 g ofherba houttuyniae,1000 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,400 g ofradix isatidis,784 g ofmale fern rhizome,50 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 50 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae.All herbs were added to 70 wt. % of ethanol, soaked overnight, refluxed to extract twice for 1.5 hours each time, and filtered. Theresidue 1 andsolution 1 were collected. Theresidue 1 was put into a vacuum concentrating pot, and recovered under vacuum until no more ethanol remained, and concentrated into a thick cream.
• Starch was dried, sieved. Mannitol was sieved, and allowed to sit. 500 g of the thick cream was mixed with 500 g mannitol and 150 g starch. The mixture was then made into pellets on the gramulator with steel mesh, dried on an ebullated bed, modified with 8 mesh screener, tested for content and water, packed with 7 g per bag, sealed and stored in a cool dry place.
EXAMPLE 6Preparation of Tablets of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 3000 g ofherba houttuyniae,1134 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,100 g ofradix isatidis,and 50 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis.All herbs were added with 3200 ml injection water, soaked for 1 hour, added with 3200 ml injection water again, boiled twice with 1 hour each time, and filtered. The residues were discarded. The solution was put in triple effect evaporator and concentrated until a density of 1.08 (70° C.) was reached, and cooled to room temperature. 95% ethanol was added slowly until the concentration of ethanol was 50%, and allowed to sit overnight. The supernatant was collected and the precipitates were discarded. The supernatant was concentrated and mixed with 200 g filler. The mixture was then put in the granulator, added 60 ml of 30 wt. % ethanol, formed into pellets, and dried.
• Second, 50 g of vitamins were mixed with 120 g of filler. The mixture was put into the granulator, added 35 ml of 6 wt. % adhesive, formed into pellets, and dried.
• Third, the above two types of pellets were mixed in prescription proportion, tested, formed into tablets in a 33 rotary type tablet presser, and packed.
EXAMPLE 7Preparation of Pellets of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 918 g ofherba houttuyniae,765 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,612 g ofradix isatidis,459 g of malefern rhizome,306 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,306 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,306 grhizoma paridis,306 g ofherba artemisiae annuae,and 306 g ofrhizoma iridis tectori.Theherba houttuyniaewas boiled in water for 40 minutes, filtered, concentrated to a clear cream with a density of 1.05, cooled, added with ethanol until the amount of ethanol was 80%, sat for 48 hours, and filtered again. Ethanol was recovered from the filtrate, concentrated to a clear cream with a density of 1.05. The rest of the 8 herbs were boiled in water twice for 2 hours each time and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to a clear cream with a density of 1.08, filtered and concentrated to a density of 1.10. Then, the two clear creams were mixed together and concentrated continuously until a thick cream with a density of 1.26 or above was obtained. The thick cream and powder sucrose were mixed in a proportion of 1:5, formed into pellets, and packed.
EXAMPLE 8Preparation of Capsules of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 200 g ofherba houttuyniae,500 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,384 g ofradix isatidis,800 g ofmale fern rhizome,200 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,200 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,1000 grhizoma paridis,1000 g ofherba artemisiae annuae,and 200 g ofrhizoma iridis tectori.All the herbs were added to 3200 ml of injection water, soaked for 1 hour, mixed with 7200 ml of injection water, boiled twice for 1 hour each time, and filtered. The filtrates were combined, recovered under vacuum until no more ethanol remained, concentrated into a thick cream with a density of 1.0 (tested at 60° C.). The cream was put in a vacuum drier, dried at 70° C. under vacuum for 36 hours, then crushed and sieved in 60-80 mesh. The medicine powder was then mixed with accessory agents, sieved again, and made into pellets. The pellets were dried, sieved in 20 mesh, mixed with magnesium stearate, and made into capsules.
EXAMPLE 9Preparation of Capsules of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 600 g ofherba houttuyniae,2000 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,1200 g ofradix isatidis,and 484 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis.All the herbs were added to 3200 ml of injection water, soaked for 1 hour, mixed with 3200 ml of injection water, boiled twice for 2.5 hours each time, and filtered. The filtrates were combined, recovered under vacuum until no more ethanol remained, and concentrated into a thick cream with a density of 1.30. The cream was put in a vacuum drier, dried at 80° C. under vacuum for 48-96 hours, then crushed and sieved in 60-80 mesh. The medicine powder was then mixed with accessory agents, sieved again in 60 mesh, and formed into pellets. The pellets were then dried, sieved in 20 mesh, mixed with magnesium stearate, and made into capsules.
EXAMPLE 10Preparation of Milk Products (Health Foods) of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 200 g ofherba houttuyniae,2000 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,584 g ofradix isatidis,and 1500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis.All the herbs were added to 3200 ml of injection water, soaked for 1 hour, mixed with 3200 ml of injection water, boiled twice with 2.5 hours each time, and filtered. The filtrates were combined, recovered under vacuum until no more ethanol remained, concentrated into a thick cream with a density of 1.08.
• The cow's milk was tested, pasteurized and preprocessed according to standard (not for skim milk). 0.5-6 mg of the above concentration of solution was added to every 100 g of milk. This was then added with certain flavor. The milk mixtures were filtered, preheated (≦115° C.), pasteurized, homogenized (not for skim milk), cooled, added with yeasts (canned first if it would solidify), and allowed to ferment. The solidified, fermented milk was then crushed (not for solidifying type), cooled, canned (not for solidifying type), and tested to obtain the final product.
EXAMPLE 11Preparation of Drinks (Food) of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 600 g ofherba houttuyniae,1000 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,1800 g ofradix isatidis,80 g ofmale fern rhizome,and 404 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,200 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,100 g ofdandelion,and 100 g ofherba andrographics.All herbs were thoroughly washed, crushed, and added to base solution containing 2%-3% of NaOH (based on the weight of drug) and 0.3% of sodium hexametaphosphate (based on the weight of drug). The solution was heated at 85° C. for 5 minutes and washed in running water until neutral. Second, the medicine was cut in thick flakes, made into a thick liquid in an electrical liquefier, allowed to sit in a stainless steel container, combined with 2% edible phosphate, then heated in an 75° C. water bath for 70 minutes with constant stirring. Third, the thick liquid was neutralized with edible sodium bicarbonate, while the liquid was cooled in water bath with constant stirring. The fluid was then filtered, pressed and dried. Fourth, the filtrate was added with 6% of powder activated carbon, incubated in an 88° C. water bath for 120 minutes, and filtered. Slightly yellow or brown filtrate was obtained. The filtrate was then pasteurized, packed and mixed with hydrolyzed medicine, phosphate, and citrate in a proportion of 100:3:4. The medicine was added with water in a proportion of 1:50. Finally the medicine was mixed, packed in bottles, sealed and pasteurized.
EXAMPLE 12Preparation of Medicine of Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention for Animals
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 400 g ofherba houttuyniae,400 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,200 g ofradix isatidis,100 g ofmale fern rhizome,and 1000 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,1000 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae,1000 g ofrhizoma paridis,1000 g ofherba artemisiae annuae,and 1000 g ofrhizoma iridis tectori.All herbs were crushed, filtered through 80 mesh, mixed, and packed.
EXAMPLE 13Preparation of Vaccines of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 1500 g ofherba houttuyniae,400 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,584 g ofradix isatidis,800 g ofmale fern rhizome,and 500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 500 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae.All herbs were boiled in water and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum, combined with ethanol, filtered, and concentrated again under vacuum to a density of 11 g drug/ml. The solution was diluted in water, stored in a fridge, filtered, concentrated a third time under vacuum, and separated in macroporous resin which was washed subsequently with water, NaOH, and 55 wt % ethanol. The medicine was washed using 65 wt % ethanol. The eluate was collected, diluted in water, combined with L-Arginase, adjusted to a pH of 7.0, combined with activated carbon, and filtered. The final vaccine was obtained by mixing the same volume of the filtrate with physiological saline.
EXAMPLE 14Preparation of Capsules of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 2000 g ofherba houttuyniae,200 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,400 g ofradix isatidis,900 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 784 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae.All herbs were soaked in 3200 ml of water for 1 hour, boiled in 3200 ml of injection water twice for 2.5 hours each time, and filtered. The filtrate was then combined, recollected under vacuum until no more ethanol remained, and concentrated into a thick cream with a density of 1.30. The cream was dried in a vacuum oven at 80° C. for 48-96 hours, crushed, and filtered through 60-80 mesh. The powder medicine was mixed with accessory agent, filtered through 60 mesh, formed into pellets, dried, combined with magnesium stearate, and made into capsules.
EXAMPLE 15Preparation of Preventive Injections of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 484 g ofherba houttuyniae,500 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,1800 g ofradix isatidis,and 1500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis.All herbs were boiled in water, filtered, concentrated under vacuum, combined with ethanol, and filtered again. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum to a density of 11 g drug/ml, diluted in water, stored in a fridge, filtered, and concentrated a third time under vacuum. The concentrate was separated in macroporous resin which was washed subsequently with water, NaOH, and 55 wt % ethanol. The medicine was washed off using 65 wt % ethanol. The eluate was collected, diluted in water, combined with L-Arginase, adjusted to a pH of 7.0, combined with activated carbon, and filtered. The final drug was obtained by mixing the same volumn of the filtrate with physiological saline.
EXAMPLE 16Preparation of Capsules of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 1600 g ofherba houttuyniae,800 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,800 g ofradix isatidis,600 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 484 g ofherba andrographis.All herbs were soaked in 3200 ml of injection water for 1 hour, boiled in 3200 ml of injection water twice for 2.5 hours each time, and filtered. The filtrate was then combined, recovered under vacuum until no ethanol remained, and concentrated to a thick cream with a density of 1.30. The cream was dried in vacuum oven at 80° C. for 48-96 hours, crushed, and filtered through 60-80 mesh. The powder medicine was mixed with an accessory agent, filtered through 60 mesh, made into pellets, dried, combined with magnesium stearate, and made into capsules.
EXAMPLE 17Preparation of Capsules of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 1700 g ofherba houttuyniae,1000 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,400 g ofradix isatidis,500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 684 g ofJava Brucea Fruit.All herbs were soaked in 3200 ml of injection water for 1 hour, boiled in 3200 ml of injection water twice for 2.5 hours each time, and filtered. The filtrate was then combined, recovered under vacuum until no more ethanol remained, and concentrated into a thick cream with a density of 1.20. The cream was dried in vacuum oven at 80° C. for 48-96 hours, crushed, and filtered through 60-80 mesh. The powder medicine was mixed with accessory agents, filtered through 60 mesh, formed into pellets, dried, combined with magnesium stearate, and made into capsules.
EXAMPLE 18Preparation of Capsules of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 1500 g ofherba houttuyniae,1000 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,100 g ofradix isatidis,800 g ofmale fern rhizome,500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis,and 384 g ofradix angelicae dahuricae.All herbs were soaked in 3200 ml of injection water for 1 hour, boiled in 7200 ml of injection water twice for 1 hour each time, and filtered. The filtrate was then combined, recovered under vacuum until no ethanol remained, and concentrated into a thick cream to a density of 1.0 (tested at 60° C.). The cream was dried in a vacuum oven at 70° C. for 36 hours, crushed, and filtered through 60-80 mesh. The powder medicine was mixed with accessory agents, filtered through 20 mesh, formed into pellets, dried, combined with magnesium stearate, and made into capsules.
EXAMPLE 19Preparation of Syrup of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Composition of the Present Invention
• First, the following herbs were obtained: 200 g ofherba houttuyniae,200 g ofcaulis lonicerae japonicae,1800 g ofradix isatidis,and 1500 g ofradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis.Naphtha was extracted from the herbs by steam. The herbs were then boiled in 6-8 times of their volume of water for 3 times, 1 hour each time. The solution was combined, filtered, concentrated under vacuum (40° C.), and precipitated at low temperature for 24 hours. The supernatant was combined with naphtha, Syrupus Simplex, preservation (sodium benzoate), and distilled water until 1000 ml. The solution was mixed, packed and pasteurized in flowing steam for 30 minutes.

Claims (18)

1. A Chinese traditional medicine composition for treatment and prevention of Avian Influenza comprising active ingredients and/or medical acceptable vectors, wherein the said active ingredients include the following raw materials:herba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-70.0 wt. %,caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. % and other herbs for removing fever and detoxification.

2. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 1, wherein the said herbs for removing fever and detoxification areMale Rern Rhizome, Radix angelicae dahuricae, Herba Andrographic, Dandelion, Natural Indigo, Sargentgloryvine StemandChinese Licorice.

3. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 1, wherein the said active ingredients are consisted ofherba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-70.0 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %, andradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %.

4. A Chinese traditional medicine composition for treatment and prevention of Avian Influenza comprising active ingredients and/or medical acceptable vectors, wherein the said active ingredients include the following raw materials:herba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-58.4 wt. %,caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %, radix isatidis 2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome1.9 wt. %-37.3 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. % and other herbs for removing fever and detoxification.

5. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 4, wherein the said herbs for removing fever and detoxification arerhizoma paridis, herba artemisiae annuae, Java brucea fruit, herba andrographis, dandelion, mint, platycodon grandiflorus,andChinese licorice.

6. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 4, wherein the said active ingredients are consisted of the following raw materials:herba houttuyniae4.7 wt. %-58.4 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae4.7 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,radix isatidis2.3 wt. %-42.0 wt. %, andradix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome1.9 wt. %-37.3 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae1.2 wt. %-35.0 wt. %.

7. A Chinese traditional medicine composition for treatment and prevention of Avian Influenza comprising active ingredients and/or medical acceptable vectors, wherein the said active ingredients are consisted of the following raw materials:herba houttuyniae9.3 wt. %-46.7 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae9.3 wt. %-37.3 wt. %,radix isatidis4.7 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome2.3 wt. %-28.0 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,rhizoma paridis2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,rhizoma iridis tectoris2.3 wt. %-23.3 wt. %.

8. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 7, wherein the said active ingredients are consisted of the following raw materials:herba houttuyniae14.0 wt. %-35.0 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae11.7 wt. %-23.3 wt. %,radix isatidis9.3 wt. %-21.0 wt. %,male fern rhizome7.0 wt. %-18.7 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,rhizoma paridis4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %,rhizoma iridis tectoris4.7 wt. %-11.7 wt. %.

9. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 8, wherein the said active ingredients are consisted of the following raw materials:herba houttuyniae21.4 wt. %,Caulis lonicerae japonicae17.9 wt. %,radix isatidis14.3 wt. %,male fern rhizome10.7 wt. %,radix et rhizoma sophorae tonkinensis7.1 wt. %,radix angelicae dahuricae7.1 wt. %,rhizoma paridis7.1 wt. %,herba artemisiae annuae7.2 wt. %,rhizoma iridis tectoris7.2 wt. %.

10. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaims 1-9, wherein the said Chinese traditional medicine composition is in any of the medicine types.

11. The Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaim 10, wherein the said Chinese traditional medicine composition is a pellet.

12. A preparation method for the Chinese traditional medicine composition according to any ofclaims 1-11, wherein the method includes the following steps:

(1) all raw materials are weighed;

(2) theherba houttuyniaeis boiled in water for 10˜40 minutes, and filtered, then the filtrate is concentrated to obtain a clear cream with a density of 1.05, and cooled;

(3) the clear cream from step 2 is added with ethanol until the amount of ethanol is 50˜80%, allowed to sit for 24 hours and filtered, then ethanol is recovered from the filtrate and concentrated to obtain a clear cream with a density of 1.25;

(4) other raw materials are boiled in water twice for 2 hours each time and filtered, then the filtrate is concentrated to a density of 1.20, filtered, and concentrated again to obtain a clear cream with a density of 1.10-1.25;

(5) the clear cream from step 3 and step 4 are mixed, concentrated continuously to obtain a thick cream with a density of 1.26 or above, and added with accessory agents.

13. The use of the Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaims 1-11 in preparation of medicines for prevention or treatment of avian influenza.

14. The use of the Chinese traditional medicine composition according toclaims 1-11 in preparation of health foods for prevention or treatment of avian influenza.

15. The use according toclaim 13 or14, wherein the said avian influenza is highly pathogenic avian influenza.

16. The use according toclaim 15, wherein the said highly pathogenic avian influenza is caused by H₅N₁.

17. The use according toclaim 15, wherein the said avian influenza is human-avian influenza.

18. The use according toclaim 13, wherein the said avian influenza is animal-avian influenza.

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