US20070060952A1 - Surgical stapling device with coated knife blade - Google Patents

Abstract

A surgical stapling device is disclosed for performing circular anastomoses. The surgical stapling device includes a handle portion, an elongated body portion and a head portion including an anvil assembly and a shell assembly. The surgical stapling device includes a knife blade possessing a lubricious coating which enhances the ability of the knife to cut through tissue and minimizes the knife sticking to tissue or other components of the surgical stapling device.

Description

BACKGROUND
• 1. Technical Field
• The present disclosure relates generally to a surgical stapling device for applying surgical staples to body tissue wherein the knife blade of the surgical stapling device is coated. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a surgical stapling device suitable for performing circular anastomosis of hollow tissue organs wherein the knife blade of the surgical stapling device is coated with a lubricious coating.
• 2. Background to Related Art
• Anastomosis is the surgical joining of separate hollow organ sections. Typically, an anastomosis procedure follows surgery in which a diseased or defective section of hollow tissue is removed and the remaining end sections are to be joined. Depending on the desired anastomosis procedure, the end sections may be joined by either circular, end-to-side or side-to-side organ reconstruction methods.
• In a circular anastomosis procedure, the two ends of the organ sections are joined by means of a stapling instrument which drives a circular array of staples through the end section of each organ section and simultaneously cores any tissue interior of the driven circular array of staples to free the tubular passage. Examples of instruments for performing circular anastomosis of hollow organs are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,053,390, 5,588,579, 5,119,983, 5,005,749, 4,646,745, 4,576,167, and 4,473,077, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. Typically, these instruments include an elongated shaft having a handle portion at a proximal end to actuate the instrument and a staple holding component disposed at a distal end. An anvil assembly including an anvil rod with attached anvil head is mounted to the distal end adjacent the staple holding component. Opposed end portions of tissue of the organs to be stapled are clamped between the anvil head and the staple holding component. The clamped tissue is stapled by driving one or more staples from the staple holding component so that the ends of the staples pass through the tissue and are deformed by the anvil head. A circular knife blade is advanced into contact with the anvil to core any tissue positioned therebetween. Smooth movement of the knife blade through the tissue is desirable. It would also be desirable to avoid sticking of the tissue being cut or any portion of the anvil structure to the knife blade.
• Accordingly, a need exists for a stapling device with a knife blade possessing enhanced lubricity for cutting tissue and minimizing sticking of the knife blade to tissue or other components of the stapling instrument.
SUMMARY
• In accordance with the present disclosure, a surgical stapling device is disclosed preferably for performing circular anastomoses. The surgical stapling device includes a handle portion or assembly, a body portion and a head portion including an anvil assembly and a shell assembly and a knife blade possessing a lubricious coating which enhances the ability of the knife to cut through tissue and minimizes the knife sticking to tissue or other components of the surgical stapling device. The knife includes a tissue cutting end and a surface having a coating. Typically, the coating is on the tissue cutting end of the knife.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• Various preferred embodiments of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device are disclosed herein with reference to the drawings wherein:
• FIG. 1 is a top side perspective view from the proximal end of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device in the unapproximated position;
• FIG. 2 is a top side perspective view from the distal end of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a side perspective exploded view of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3A is a top perspective view of the indicator of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 4 is a side perspective view from the top of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 1 with a handle section removed;
• FIG. 5 is a side perspective view from the bottom of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 4;
• FIG. 6 is a side perspective exploded view of the central body portion and distal head portion of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 7 is an enlarged side perspective of the anvil retainer and band portions of the central body portion shown inFIG. 6;
• FIG. 8 is a side perspective view of the screw and screw stop of the approximation mechanism of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 5;
• FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 9A is a side perspective view from the top of the abutment member of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 10 is a side perspective exploded view from the proximal end of the anvil assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 11 is a side perspective view of the retaining clip of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 10;
• FIG. 12 is a side perspective view of the distal end of the center rod of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 10 with a removable trocar fastened thereto;
• FIG. 13 is a side perspective view of the center rod and removable trocar shown inFIG. 11 separated one from the other;
• FIG. 14 is a side perspective view from the proximal end of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 10 with the removable trocar attached thereto;
• FIG. 15 is a side perspective view from the distal end of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 14;
• FIG. 16 is a side cross-sectional view taken through the retaining clip of the anvil assembly and removable trocar of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 15;
• FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown inFIG. 16;
• FIG. 18 is a side cross-sectional view taken through the pivot member of the anvil head assembly of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 15;
• FIG. 19 is a side perspective view from the proximal end of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 18 with the removable trocar removed;
• FIG. 20 is a perspective, partial cutaway view from the distal end of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 19, with the anvil head removed;
• FIG. 21 is a side cross-sectional partial cutaway view of the distal portion of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 19, with the anvil head in phantom;
• FIG. 22 is a side perspective view from the bottom of the screw stop of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 23 is a bottom perspective view from the proximal end of the screw stop shown inFIG. 22;
• FIG. 24 is a top perspective view of the cam adjustment member of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 25 is a side view of the screw and screw stop of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3 with the set screw and the cam adjustment member removed;
• FIG. 26 is a side view of the screw and screw stop shown inFIG. 25 with the set screw and cam adjustment member attached thereto;
• FIG. 27 is a side view of the screw and screw stop shown inFIG. 26 with the cam adjustment screw adjusted to increase the tissue gap;
• FIG. 28 is a side view of the screw and screw stop shown inFIG. 26 with the cam adjustment screw adjusted to decrease the tissue gap;
• FIG. 29 is a top perspective view from the proximal end of the slide member of the indicator mechanism of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 30 is a bottom perspective view of the lockout member of the fire lockout mechanism of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 3;
• FIG. 31 is a side cross-sectional view of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 1 with the anvil assembly removed;
• FIG. 32 is a side enlarged view of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 31 with the handle sections removed;
• FIG. 33 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown inFIG. 31;
• FIG. 34 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail shown inFIG. 31;
• FIG. 35 is a perspective view from the front of the distal end of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 31 with the anvil assembly removed;
• FIG. 36 is a perspective view from the front of the distal end of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 35 with an anvil assembly attached thereto;
• FIG. 37 is a side cross-sectional view of the distal end of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 36;
• FIG. 38 is a side cross-sectional view of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 31 with the anvil assembly attached thereto;
• FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines39-39 ofFIG. 38;
• FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines40-40 ofFIG. 38;
• FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines41-41 ofFIG. 38;
• FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines42-42 ofFIG. 38;
• FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines43-43 ofFIG. 38;
• FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view taken along section lines44-44 ofFIG. 38;
• FIG. 45 is a side perspective view of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 38 with the anvil assembly in an approximated position;
• FIG. 46 is a side cross-sectional view of the distal end of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45;
• FIG. 47 is a side enlarged view of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45 with a handle section removed;
• FIG. 48 is a side cross-sectional view of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45;
• FIG. 49 is a top horizontal cross-sectional view of a portion of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45;
• FIG. 50 is a side view of a portion of the handle assembly of the surgical stapler shown inFIG. 45 with the handle sections removed;
• FIG. 51 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the handle assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45 after the firing trigger has been actuated;
• FIG. 52 is a side cross-sectional view of the distal end of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45 after the firing trigger has been actuated;
• FIG. 53 is a side view of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 51 with the handle sections removed;
• FIG. 54 is an enlarged view of the firing link extension engaging the abutment member of the tactile indicator mechanism of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 53;
• FIG. 55 is a side cross-sectional view of the distal portion of the anvil assembly of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 52;
• FIG. 56 is a side cross-sectional view of the distal portion of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 55 with a portion of the anvil head assembly in phantom;
• FIG. 57 is a side view of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45 after the anvil assembly and cartridge assembly have been unapproximated a distance sufficient to permit the anvil head assembly to pivot on the anvil center rod;
• FIG. 58 is an enlarged view of the abutment member of the tactile indicator mechanism of the handle assembly shown inFIG. 53 (during unapproximation of the anvil and cartridge assemblies) with the wing of the screw stop, shown in phantom, in engagement with the abutment member;
• FIG. 59 is a side cross-sectional view of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 56 as the anvil head assembly begins to tilt;
• FIG. 60 is a side cross-sectional view of the anvil assembly shown inFIG. 59 with the anvil assembly tilted; and
• FIG. 61 is a side view of the surgical stapling device shown inFIG. 45 with the anvil head assembly unapproximated and tilted.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
• Preferred embodiments of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views.
• Throughout this description, the term “proximal” will refer to the portion of the instrument closest to the operator and the term “distal” will refer to the portion of the instrument furthest from the operator.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate one preferred embodiment of the presently disclosed surgical stapling device shown generally as10. Briefly,surgical stapling device10 includes aproximal handle assembly12, an elongatedcentral body portion14 including a curved elongatedouter tube14a, and adistal head portion16. Alternately, in some surgical procedures, e.g., the treatment of hemorrhoids, it is desirable to have a substantially straight, preferably shortened, central body portion. The length, shape and/or the diameter ofbody portion14 andhead portion16 may also be varied to suit a particular surgical procedure.
• Handleassembly12 includes astationary handle18, a firingtrigger20, arotatable approximation knob22 and anindicator24.Stationary handle18 is preferably formed fromthermoplastic handle sections18aand18b, e.g., polycarbonate, (FIG. 3) which together define a housing for the internal components ofhandle assembly12. Handlesections18aand18bare preferably secured together by sonic welding. Alternately, other known securement techniques may be employed including screws, adhesives, snap-fit connectors, etc. The internal components ofhandle portion12 will be discussed in detail below. Preferably, cushioned and/or resilient slip resistant portions such as a grip (not shown) can be fastened to or included as part ofhandle sections18aand18band firingtrigger20. The slip resistant grip may be formed overhandle sections18aand18band firingtrigger20 using an overmolding procedure and may be formed from neoprene or rubber. Alternately, other suitable materials, e.g., elastomeric materials, and joining techniques may be employed. A pivotally mountedtrigger lock26 is fastened to handleassembly12 and is manually positioned to prevent inadvertent firing of staplingdevice10.Indicator24 is positioned on thestationary handle18 and includes indicia, e.g., color coding, alpha-numeric labeling, etc., to identify to a surgeon whether the device is approximated and is ready to be fired.Indicator24 preferably has a bulbous or convex shape which extends outwardly from a top surface ofhandle sections18aand18band is easily viewable by a surgeon from the top and sides of the stapling device.
• Head portion16 includes ananvil assembly30 and ashell assembly31. Each of these assemblies will be discussed in detail below. Except where otherwise noted, the components ofsurgical device10 are generally formed from thermoplastics including polycarbonates, and metals including stainless steel and aluminum. The particular material selected to form a particular component will depend upon the strength requirements of the particular component. For example, the anvil is preferably formed from a metal, such as stainless steel, and the stationary handle is preferably formed from a thermoplastic such as polycarbonate. Alternately, other materials not listed above, which preferably can withstand sterilization procedures, may be used to form components of staplingdevice10 provided the materials are suitable for surgical use and meet the strength requirements of the particular component.
• FIGS. 3-5 illustrate the internal components ofhandle assembly12. The internal components include the proximal components of approximation and firing mechanisms, a firing lockout mechanism and an indicator drive mechanism.FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate the internal components ofelongated body portion14. These components include the distal components of the approximation and firing mechanisms. Each of these mechanisms will be disclosed in detail hereinbelow.
Approximation Mechanism
• Referring toFIGS. 3-8, the approximation mechanism includesapproximation knob22, adrive screw32, arotatable sleeve33, first andsecond screw extensions34 and36 (FIG. 6), respectively, and ananvil retainer38.Rotatable sleeve33 includes a substantially cylindricalhollow body portion40 and a substantiallycylindrical collar42 which together define acentral bore33a.Collar42 has anannular groove44 formed thereabout which is dimensioned to receive an inwardly extendingflange46 formed on an inner wall ofhandle sections18aand18b. Engagement betweengroove44 andflanges46 axially fixessleeve33 withinhandle18 while permitting rotation ofsleeve33 in relation tostationary handle18. The proximal end ofbody portion40 ofrotatable sleeve33 extends through an opening18bin the proximal end ofstationary handle18. A pair of diametrically opposedelongated ribs48 are positioned or formed on the outer surface ofbody portion40.Approximation knob22 includes a pair ofinternal slots49apositioned to receiveribs48 ofsleeve33 to rotatably fixsleeve33 toknob22, such that rotation ofknob22 causes concurrent rotation ofsleeve33.
• The proximal half ofscrew32 includes ahelical channel50 and is dimensioned to be slidably positioned withincentral bore33aofrotatable sleeve33. The distal end ofscrew32 includes anannular recess35 dimensioned to receive a seal member37 (FIG. 3) for providing a fluid tight seal between the outer surface ofscrew32 and the inner surface ofpusher link74. A pin52 (FIG. 3) extends radially throughcylindrical collar42 ofsleeve33 intohelical channel50. Sincesleeve33 is axially fixed with respect tostationary handle18, rotation ofsleeve33 aboutscrew32causes pin52 to move alongchannel50 ofscrew32 to effect axial movement ofscrew32 withinstationary handle18.
• Referring toFIGS. 6-8, the distal end ofscrew32 includes atransverse slot54. Top andbottom screw extensions34 and36 (FIG. 6) each include a proximally located flexibleflat band portion58 and a distally locatedflat band portion60. Alternately, it is envisioned thatscrew extensions34 and36 may have other than a band configuration. For example, screwextensions34 and36 may be semi-circular or circular in cross-section. The flexibility of top andbottom screw extensions34 and36 permits movement ofscrew extensions34 and36 through curvedelongated body portion14. The proximal end of eachband portion58 includes ahole62 dimensioned to receive apin64 for securing the proximal end ofscrew extensions34 and36 withintransverse slot54 ofscrew32. Alternately, other fastening techniques may be used to secure eachband portion58 to screw32, e.g., welding, crimping, etc. Distally locatedband portion60 of eachscrew extension34 and36 is dimensioned to be received within atransverse slot66 formed in a proximal end of anvil retainer38 (FIG. 7) to fastenanvil retainer38 to the distal end ofscrew extensions34 and36. Preferably, a pair ofpins66awhich extend through the proximal end ofanvil retainer38 andband portions60 are used to securescrew extensions34 and36 toanvil retainer38. Alternately,band portions60 can be brazed or welded withinslot66 or other fastening techniques may be used to secureband portions60 ofscrew extensions34 and36 toanvil retainer38, e.g., screws, crimping, etc.Anvil retainer38 includes an annular protrusion177 (FIG. 7) which is configured to engage the anvil assembly in a manner to be discussed in detail below. Alternately,protrusion177 need not be annular or may include different attachment structure, e.g., recesses, grooves, etc.
• Referring again toFIGS. 3-7, whenapproximation knob22 is manually rotated,rotatable sleeve33 is rotated about the proximal end ofscrew32 to movepin52 alonghelical channel50 ofscrew32. Sincesleeve33 is axially fixed tostationary handle18, aspin52 is moved throughchannel50,screw32 is advanced or retracted withinstationary handle18. As a result, top andbottom screw extensions34 and36, which are fastened to the distal end ofscrew32, andanvil retainer38, which is fastened to the distal end ofscrew extensions34 and36, are moved axially withinelongated body portion14. Sinceanvil assembly30 is secured to the distal end ofanvil retainer38, rotation ofapproximation knob22 will effect movement ofanvil assembly30 in relation toshell assembly31 between spaced and approximated positions.
Firing Mechanism
• Referring toFIG. 3-6 and9, the firing mechanism includes firingtrigger20, afiring link72 and an elongated pusher link74 (FIG. 6). Firingtrigger20 includes abody portion76 and atrigger cover80. A cushioned gripping surface (not shown) preferably formed of neoprene or rubber is provided ontrigger cover80. The cushioned gripping surface provides a non-slip cushioned surface to make actuation ofdevice10 more comfortable to a surgeon. The distal end ofbody portion76 oftrigger20 is pivotally connected to acoupling member86 by apivot member84. Couplingmember86 is secured to the proximal end ofpusher link74 and may be formed integrally withpusher link74 or as a separate element fastened thereto. Firinglink72 has a distal end pivotally secured tobody portion76 oftrigger20 by apivot member87 and a second end pivotally secured within avertical slot82 formed between stationary handle half-sections18aand18bofstationary handle18 bypivot member79.Pivot member79 is free to move vertically withinslot82. Aspring82a(FIG. 9) is supported withinhandle18 to urgepivot member79 downwardly towards the bottom ofslot82.Body portion76 oftrigger20 further includes a pair of abutments including anabutment89 and anabutment91 which are positioned to engage thedistal end26a(FIG. 4) oftrigger lock26 in a manner to be described in greater detail below to prevent actuation oftrigger20 prior to approximation ofdevice10.
• Couplingmember86 which is supported on the proximal end ofelongated pusher link74 includes a flange104 (FIG. 6). Aspring106 is positioned between aproximal end15 ofouter tube14aand flange104 (FIG. 4) tobias pusher link74 proximally to a retracted, non-fired position. A pair ofwings108 extend radially outwardly from couplingmember86.Wings108 are dimensioned to slide along channels111 (FIG. 3) formed along the internal walls ofstationary handle18 to maintain proper alignment ofpusher link74 withinstationary handle18 during firing ofdevice10.
• Referring toFIG. 6, the distal end ofpusher link74 includes a pair ofengagement fingers110 which are dimensioned to lockingly engage withmembers220 formed in the proximal end of pusher back186. Pusher back186 forms part ofshell assembly31 and will be discussed in greater detail below.Pusher link74 is preferably formed from a flexible plastic material and includes a plurality ofnotches187 which allow the pusher link to bend more easily as it moves throughbody14.Pusher link74 defines ahollow channel75 for slidably receiving the approximation mechanism. A flat surface orcutout74a(FIG. 6) formed inpusher link74 slidably supports screwextensions34 and36 which are positioned in juxtaposed alignment.Spacers77 are positioned withinouter tube14aadjacent cutout74ato provide additional support forscrew extensions34 and36 and pusher link74 to prevent each component from buckling during actuation. An annular channel74bis formed aboutpusher link74 to receive an O-ring seal74c.Pusher link74 is slidably positioned withinbody portion14 such that O-ring74cseals the space betweenpusher link74 and an internal wall ofouter tube14a. Operation of the firing mechanism of the device will be described in detail below.
• Referring again toFIGS. 3-6 and9, when firingtrigger20 is actuated, i.e., pivoted aboutpivot member84, firinglink72 is moved proximally untilpivot member79 engages an abutment surface307 (FIG. 25A-D) formed on screw stop306 (FIG. 3).Screw stop306 is axially fixed to screw32 in a manner to be described in detail below. Thereafter, firingtrigger20 is pushed distally to advancepusher link74 distally against the bias ofspring106. Since the distal end ofpusher link74 is connected to pusher back186, actuation of firingtrigger20 effects advancement of pusher back186 withinshell assembly31 to eject staples fromshell assembly31 in a manner to be described below.
Anvil Assembly
• Referring toFIGS. 10-21,anvil assembly30 includes ananvil head assembly120 and an anvilcenter rod assembly152.Anvil head assembly120 includes apost122, ananvil head124, abackup plate126, acutting ring128, a retainingclip127 and ananvil129.Post122 is centrally positioned through a bore inanvil head124. Alternately, post122 may be integrally formed withanvil head124.Anvil129 is supported onanvil head124 in an outerannular recess136 and includes a plurality ofpockets140 for receiving and deforming staples. At least onetab129aextends radially outwardly fromanvil129 and is dimensioned to be received within acutout124aformed inanvil head124.Tab129aandcutout124afunction to alignanvil129 withinannular recess136.Backup plate126 includes a central opening126bwhich is positioned aboutpost122 within aninner recess134 ofanvil head124 betweenpost122 andannular recess136.Backup plate126 includes a raisedplatform126a. Cuttingring128 includes anopening128ahaving a configuration substantially the same asplatform126a. Opening128ais positioned aboutplatform126ato rotatably fix cuttingring128aonbackup ring126. Preferably, cuttingring128 is formed from polyethylene and is fixedly secured tobackup plate126 using, for example, an adhesive.Backup ring126 is preferably formed from metal and provides support to cuttingring128 to enhance the cutting of tissue. Alternately other materials of construction may be used to constructplate126 andring128. Cuttingring128 andbackup plate126 are slidably mounted aboutpost122.Backup plate126 includes a pair of inwardly extendingtabs150 which will be described in further detail below. Cuttingring128 includes tabs128bwhich are received within cutouts124bformed inanvil head124 to properly alignbackup ring126 and cuttingring128 withinanvil head124.
• Anvilcenter rod assembly152 includesanvil center rod154, aplunger156 andplunger spring158. A first end ofcenter rod154 includes atransverse throughbore160 which is offset from the central longitudinal axis ofcenter rod154.Post122 ofanvil head assembly120 also includes atransverse throughbore162. Apivot member164 pivotably securespost122 tocenter rod154 such thatanvil head assembly120 is pivotably mounted to anvilcenter rod assembly152.Plunger156 is slidably positioned in abore154b(FIG. 16) formed in the first end ofcenter rod154.Plunger156 includes anengagement finger168 which is offset from the pivot axis ofanvil head assembly120 and biased into engagement with the base122aofpost122 byplunger spring158 to urgeanvil head assembly120 to a pivoted position at an angle to centerrod154. In a prefired untilted position,tabs150 formed onbackup plate126 engage atop surface154a(FIG. 20) ofcenter rod154 to preventanvil head assembly120 from pivoting aboutpivot member164. Asdevice10 is fired,backup plate126 and cuttingring128 are moved deeper intoanvil recess134 ofanvil head124 about post122 (FIG. 21) by knife188 (FIG. 6) in a manner to be described in further detail below to movetabs150 out of engagement withtop surface154aofcenter rod154 to permitplunger156 to pivotanvil head assembly120 aboutpivot member164.
• Aretainer clip127 is positioned in atransverse slot122cformed inpost122 and includes a pair of outwardly biasedflexible arms127aand127b. Arm127bincludes arecess127cdimensioned to receive pivot pin164 (FIG. 17). Prior to firingdevice10,arms127aand127bare deformed inwardly by backup plate126 (FIG. 17). Afterdevice10 has been fired andbackup plate126 has been pushed deeper intoanvil head124 byknife188,flexible arms127aand127bspring outwardly to a position in front ofbackup plate126. In this position,arms127aand127bprevent cuttingring128 andbackup plate126 from sticking to the knife whenanvil assembly30 is unapproximated. It is envisioned that a retainer clip may be used in conjunction with non-pivotal anvil assemblies wherein the anvil head post and the anvil center rod are integrally formed.
• In embodiments,knife188 may be coated with a material to enhance its lubricity. Such a coating may allowknife188 to more easily pass through tissue and preventknife188 from sticking to materials with whichknife188 comes into contact, such as tissue and cuttingring128.
• In embodiments,knife188 may be coated with a coating mixture containing at least one polydialkylsiloxane having a molecular weight sufficient to provide a viscosity of the coating mixture of at least about 10,000 cp and at least one siliconization material.
• Suitable polydialkylsiloxanes for use in forming the coating mixture herein include polydimethylsiloxanes, polydiethylsiloxanes, polydipropylsiloxanes, polydibutylsiloxanes and the like with polydimethylsiloxanes being preferred. Particularly preferred polydimethylsiloxanes are polydimethylsiloxanes having a molecular weight sufficient to provide a viscosity of the coating mixture of at least about 10,000 cp and preferably of at least about 30,000 cp. Such polydimethylsiloxanes for use herein include products sold by Dow Coming under the name “SYL-OFF® DC 23”, which is suitable as a high density condensable polydimethylsiloxane, and NuSil Technology under the name “MED-4162” (30,000 cp.)
• Suitable siliconization materials for addition with the foregoing polydialkylsiloxanes to form the coating mixtures of this disclosure include siliconization materials containing an aminoalkyl siloxane and at least one other copolymerizable siloxane, e.g., an alkylpolysiloxane or a cyclosiloxane; a silicone oil, e.g., one sold by Dow Coming Corporation under the name Dow 360 MEDICAL FLUID (350 to 12,500 centistokes), and the like, with a siliconization material containing an aminoalkyl siloxane and at least one other copolymerizable siloxane being useful in some embodiments. Typically, the siliconization material includes (a) from about 5 to about 70 weight percent of an aminoalkyl siloxane of the general formula:

  
• wherein R is a lower alkyl radical containing no more than about 6 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the group consisting of —OH and —OR′ radicals in which R′ is an alkyl radical of no more than about 3 carbon atoms; Q is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —CH₃and —CH₂CH₂NH₂; a has a value of 0 or 1, b has a value of 0 or 1 and the sum of a+b has a value of 0, 1 or 2; and (b) from about 30 to about 95 weight percent of a methyl substituted siloxane of the general formula:

  
• wherein R″ is selected from the group consisting of —OH and —CR₃radicals and c has a value of 1 or 2. In some embodiments, the two components of this siliconization material copolymerize, forming a lubricating coating on the surface of the blade.
• In addition to, or in lieu of, the foregoing second copolymerizable siloxane, one can use one or more cyclosiloxanes such as, e.g., those described in the “Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering”, Mark et al., eds., 2^nded., Vol. 15, John Wiley & Son (1989), p. 207 et seq., the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein.
• In some embodiments, a siliconization material for use herein in combination with the aforementioned polydimethylsiloxane(s) to form the coating mixture is Dow Corning Corporation's Dow Corning® MDX 4-4159 Fluid (“MDX Fluid”), an active solution of dimethyl cyclosiloxanes and dimethoxysilyldimethylaminoethylaminopropyl silicone polymer in a mixture of Stoddard solvent (mineral spirits) and isopropyl alcohol. Another suitable siliconization material for use herein is MED-4159 which is available from NuSil Technology LLC, Carpinteria, Calif.
• The coating can be applied toknife188 as a composition that further includes a solvent. Suitable solvents will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art once the siliconization material is chosen. Suitable solvents include, for example, hydrocarbon solvents having from about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms (e.g., pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, and the like), xylene, chlorinated solvents, THF, dioxanone, hydrofluoroethers and the like, and combinations thereof. Suitable hydrofluoroethers include, for example, HFE-71DE, HFE-72DE, HFE-71DA, HFE-71IPA, HFE-7100, and HFE-7200, available from 3M Chemicals (St. Paul, Minn.), combinations thereof, and combinations thereof with other solvents, such as those noted above.
• In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a coating mixture can be formed by adding a first solution of at least one of the foregoing polydialkylsiloxanes in a solvent with a second solution of at least one of the foregoing siliconization materials in a solvent. The first solution is typically formed from SYL-OFF DC 23 or MED-4162 with a solvent such as hexane, HFE-71DE, or HFE-72DE, with SYL-OFF DC 23 or MED-4162 being present in a concentration of from about 10 g/l to about 70 g/l, in embodiments from about 35 g/l to about 45 g/l. The second solution may be prepared in the form of a dilute organic solution, e.g., MDX Fluid (or other siliconization material) combined with a solvent so that the MDX Fluid is present at a concentration of from about 10 g/l to about 80 g/l and in embodiments from about 20 g/l to about 40 g/l. In some useful embodiments, the siliconization material is a mixture of MED-4162 and MDX Fluid.
• The mixture may be formed by adding the first solution of the polydialkylsiloxane in solvent with the second solution of the siliconization material in solvent at a ratio of first solution to second solution from about 12:1 to about 1:12, in embodiments from about 6:1 to about 1:6, typically from about 2:1 to about 1:2. As one skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the amount of the first and second solutions necessary in forming the mixtures herein will vary depending on the volume of mixture desired.
• Once the coating mixture is formed, it can then be applied to the foregoing knives employing techniques within the purview of one skilled in the art, e.g., by dipping, wiping, spraying, total immersion, etc. Typically, the coating is applied to at least the tissue cutting end of the knife. In some embodiments, dipping and spraying may be useful for applying the coating mixture of the present disclosure. Typically,knife188 may be dipped into the coating mixture for about 5 to about 60 seconds, in embodiments from about 10 to about 45 seconds, typically from about 15 to about 30 seconds, to form a coating on the knife blades. After evaporation of any dilutant or solvent carrier, the siliconized coating may be cured to the desired degree.
• The coating can be cured by, for example, first placing the coated knife blade in a humid environment, e.g., a humidification chamber, and exposing the coated knife blade to a temperature of from about 10° C. to about 50° C., in embodiments from about 20° C. to about 35° C., in a relative humidity of from about 20% to about 80%, in embodiments from about 50% to about 65%. The coated knife blades may be subjected to the foregoing temperatures and humidities to initiate curing to the desired degree and provide an improved lubrication coating. Typically, a time period ranging from about 1 hour to about 6 hours, in embodiments from about 2 hours to about 4 hours may be employed. The coated knives are then placed in, e.g., a furnace or oven, and cured by heating the knife blades to a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 200° C., in embodiments from about 110° C. to about 150° C., typically from about 115° C. to about 150° C., for a time period ranging from about 2 hours to about 48 hours, typically from about 15 hours to about 25 hours, such that cross-linking of the polydialkylsiloxane and siliconization material occurs. In a particularly useful embodiment, the coated knife blades may be heated to a temperature of about 140° C. for about 4 hours and a temperature of about 120° C. for about 20 hours.
• In other embodiments, a coating may be applied to a knife by spraying. In this embodiment, a coating solution may be prepared as follows. A coating solution may be prepared by combining MED-4162 with MDX4-4159 in a suitable solvent. The ratio of MED-4162 to MDX 4-4159 in the coating solution may be from about 5:0.25, typically from about 2.5:0.5, more typically from about 2:0.75.
• In applying the coating solution by spraying, the knife blades may be placed on a tray with a tissue cutting end of the knife blade in the air and the second end of the knife blade in contact with the tray. The desired coating composition may then be applied using a spray gun or similar device. The coated blades may then be placed in a convection oven and cured at about100° C. to about 200° C., in embodiments from about 120° C. to about 180° C., in embodiments from about 145° C. to about 175° C. for a period of time from about 1 hour to about 5 hours, in embodiments from about 1.5 hours to about 4 hours, in embodiments from about 2 hours to about 3 hours. This heating step evaporates the solvents, leaving a silicone coating on the blade of the MED-4162 and MDX4-4159 at a ratio of from about 5:0.25, typically from about 2.5:0.5, more typically from about 2:0.75.
• A second end ofcenter rod154 includes abore170 defined by a plurality offlexible arms155a.Bore170 is dimensioned to receive aremovable trocar157. At least one offlexible arms155, and preferably a plurality offlexible arms155, e.g., three, include anopening155adimensioned to receive aprojection157dformed onremovable trocar157 to releasablysecure trocar157 to center rod154 (FIG. 13). The distal ends of each offlexible arms155 include aninternal shoulder155b(FIG. 10) dimensioned to releasably engageanvil retainer38 in a manner to be discussed in detail below. A plurality ofsplines181 are formed aboutcenter rod154 and are dimensioned to be received withingrooves196a(FIG. 6) inshell assembly31 to alignanvil assembly30 withinshell assembly31 during approximation of the anvil and shell assemblies.Center rod154 also includes an annular recessedportion183 to facilitate grasping ofanvil assembly30 by a surgeon with a grasper.
• Referring toFIGS. 12 and 13,removable trocar157 includes atrocar tip157a, a body portion157band acantilevered arm157c. Aprojection157dis positioned on the free end ofcantilevered arm157c.Arm157cis deflectable downwardly, i.e., radially inwardly, in the direction indicated by arrow “A” inFIG. 13 to facilitate insertion of body portion157bintobore170 ofcenter rod154. Splines157eor the like, preferably, are provided on body portion157bto properly aligntrocar157 withinbore170.Arm157cbiases projection157doutwardly such that whenprojection157dpasses beneath opening155aincenter rod154,projection157dsnaps outwardly into opening155ato releasably secureremovable trocar157 tocenter rod154. Atab157fis positioned onarm157cand can be engaged to depressarm157candprojection157dto removeprojection157dfrom an opening155aofarm155 to facilitate removal oftrocar157 fromcenter rod154.Trocar tip157aincludes a throughbore157gdimensioned to receive a suture (not shown) to facilitate locating and removal oftrocar157 and/oranvil assembly30 within and from the human body. Although illustrated as having a sharpened tip, other trocar tip configurations are envisioned, e.g., a blunt tip.
SHELL ASSEMBLY
• Referring toFIG. 6,shell assembly31 includes ashell182, a pusher back186, acylindrical knife188, and astaple guide192.Shell182 includes anouter housing portion194 and aninner guide portion196 havinggrooves196afor mating withsplines181 on anvil center rod154 (FIG. 10).Outer housing portion194 defines athroughbore198 having a distalcylindrical section200, a centralconical section202 and a proximal smaller diametercylindrical section204. A plurality ofopenings206 are formed inconical section202.Openings206 are dimensioned to permit fluid and tissue passage during operation of the device. A pair of diametrically opposedflexible engagement members207 are formed on proximalcylindrical section204 ofshell182.Engagement members207 are positioned to be received inopenings207aformed on the distal end ofouter tube14ato secureshell182 toelongated body14. A pair ofopenings211 formed in the proximal end ofouter tube14aare dimensioned to receive protrusions (not shown) formed on the internal wall ofstationary handle18 to facilitate attachment oftube14ato handleportion12.
• Pusher back186 includes acentral throughbore208 which is slidably positioned aboutinner guide portion196 ofshell182. Pusher back186 includes a distalcylindrical section210 which is slidably positioned within distalcylindrical section200 ofshell182, a central conical section212 and a proximal smaller diametercylindrical section214. The proximal end of pusher back186 includesmembers220 which are configured to lockingly engage withresilient fingers110 ofpusher link74 to fastenpusher link74 to pusher back186 such that a distal face ofpusher link74 abuts a proximal face of pusher back186.
• The distal end of pusher back186 includes apusher190.Pusher190 includes a multiplicity of distally extendingfingers226 dimensioned to be slidably received withinslots228 formed instaple guide192 to ejectstaples230 therefrom.Cylindrical knife188 is frictionally retained within the central throughbore of pusher back186 to fixedlysecure knife188 in relation topusher190. Alternately,knife188 may be retained within pusher back186 using adhesives, crimping, pins, etc. The distal end ofknife188 includes acircular cutting edge234.
• In operation, when pusher link74 is advanced distally in response to actuation of firingtrigger20, as will be described below, pusher back186 is advanced distally withinshell182. Advancement of pusher back186advances fingers226 throughslots228 ofstaple guide192 to advancestaples230 positioned withinslots228 and ejectstaples230 fromstaple guide192 intostaple deforming pockets140 ofanvil129. Sinceknife188 is secured to pusher back186,knife188 is also advanced distally to core tissue as will be described in more detail below.
• Arigid bushing209 is supported in the proximal end ofinner guide portion196 ofshell182.Bushing209 defines a throughbore dimensioned to slidably receiveanvil retainer38 andcenter rod154 of anvil assembly30 (FIG. 14).Bushing209 provides lateral support forflexible arms155 ofcenter rod154 when theanvil assembly30 has been approximated to prevent disengagement ofanvil assembly30 fromanvil retainer38. In the unapproximated position,flexible arms155 ofcenter rod154 are positioned externally ofbushing209 to permit removal ofanvil assembly30 fromretainer38.
Cam Adjustment Mechanism
• Referring toFIGS. 8 and 22-28, acam adjustment member400 is secured byset screw312 onto asidewall306aof screw stop306 within arecess306bformed insidewall306a.Cam adjustment member400 includes acircular disc402 having athroughbore404.Throughbore404 is eccentrically formed throughdisc402 and is dimensioned to receive setscrew312. A smaller notch orhole406 is also formed indisc402 and is dimensioned to receive the tip of an adjustment tool (not shown). Recess306b(FIG. 22) includes a forward abutment shoulder orsurface306cand arear abutment surface306dand is dimensioned to receivedisc402 such that the outer edge ofdisc402 abuts forward and rear abutment surfaces306cand306d.
• Setscrew312 extends throughdisc402 and screw stop306 and is received in a threaded bore32a(FIG. 6) inscrew32 to securescrew stop306 in an axially fixed position onscrew32.Cam adjustment member400 functions to adjust the axial position of screw stop306 onscrew32. More specifically, setscrew312 can be loosened to allowdisc402 to rotate withinrecess306bofscrew stop306. Sincedisc402 is eccentrically mounted aboutscrew32 and engages forward and rear abutment surfaces306cand306dofrecess306b, rotation ofdisc402 about fixedset screw312 will urge screw stop306 axially alongscrew32 to adjust the axial position of screw stop306 onscrew32. For example, whendisc402 is rotated in a clockwise direction (as viewed inFIG. 28) as indicated by arrow “B”, screw stop306 will be moved axially in relation to screw32 in the direction indicated by arrow “C” in response to engagement between the outer edge ofdisc402 andrear shoulder306dofrecess306b. Conversely, whendisc402 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction (as viewed in FIG.27), as indicated by arrow “D”, screw stop306 will be moved axially in relation to screw32 in the direction indicated by arrow “E” in response to engagement between the outer edge ofdisc402 andforward shoulder306cofrecess306b.
• When staplingdevice10 is in a fully approximated position, i.e.,anvil assembly30 andshell assembly31 are brought into juxtaposed alignment to define a tissue receiving clearance (FIG. 46), screw stop306 abuts againstbody portion42 of therotatable sleeve33, i.e.,sleeve33 functions as a stop for the approximation mechanism. SeeFIG. 48. In this position,anvil assembly30 andshell assembly31 are spaced slightly to define a tissue receiving clearance. By providingcam adjustment member400, the tissue receiving clearance can be selectively adjusted to be within a desired range by adjusting the position of screw stop306 onscrew32. Preferably,cam adjustment member400 permits adjustment of the tissue receiving clearance of ±0.045 inches, although greater or lesser adjustment capabilities are also envisioned. Typically, adjustments to the tissue receiving clearance will be made by the device manufacturer. Alternately, a hole or opening may be provided in handle portion12 (FIG. 1) to provide direct access toadjustment member400 to allow for on-site adjustment of the tissue receiving clearance by a surgeon or other medical professional.
Indicator Mechanism
• Referring toFIGS. 3-5 and29, the indicator mechanism includesbulbous indicator24, lens cover24aandslide member500.Indicator24 is pivotally supported about apivot member502 which is preferably formed monolithically withhandle sections18aand18b. Lens cover24ais positioned aboveindicator24 and is preferably formed of magnification material to facilitate easy visualization ofindicator24.Slide member500 includes abody portion504 having aelongated slot506 formed therein, a distal abutment member orupturned lip portion508, and aproximal extension510.Slide member500 is slidably positioned betweenhandle sections18aand18b.Proximal extension510 is slidably supported withinstationary handle18 by support structure516 (FIG. 5) which may be integrally formed withhandle sections18aand18b. A biasing member, preferably acoil spring512, is positioned in compression aboutproximal extension510 betweensupport structure516 andbody portion504 ofslide member500 to urgeslide member500 distally withinstationary handle18.Indicator24 includes a pair of downwardly extendingprojections518 and520 (FIG. 32).Upturned lip portion508 ofslide member500 is positioned betweenprojections518 and520 and is positioned to engageprojections518 and520 as it moves withinstationary handle18. In the unfired position ofdevice10, biasingmember512 urgesslide member500 distally to movelip portion508 into engagement withprojection518 to pivot indicator to a first position, which provides indication to a surgeon that the device has not been approximated and is not in a fire-ready condition.
• As discussed above, screw stop306 is fixedly attached to screw32 (FIG. 33).Screw stop306 includes a first abutment orengagement member522 which is positioned to travel throughslot506 ofslide member500 and engage theproximal end506a(FIG. 29) ofslot506 during approximation of the device. Whenengagement member522 abutsproximal end506aofslot506, further approximation ofdevice10 moves slideplate500 proximally withinstationary handle18 against the bias ofspring512 such thatupturned lip508 ofslide member500 engagesprojection520 ofindicator24. Engagement betweenprojection520 andlip508 causesindicator24 to pivot aboutpivot member502 to a second position. In the second position,indicator24 provides indication to a surgeon that the device has been approximated and is now in a fire-ready position. SeeFIG. 48.
Fire-lockout Mechanism
• Referring toFIGS. 3-5, and30, the firing-lockout mechanism includestrigger lock26 and alockout member530.Trigger lock26 is pivotally supported within bores532 (FIG. 3) inhandle sections18aand18baboutpivot member534.Pivot member534 is preferably T-shaped and frictionally engages the inner wall ofbores532 to prevent free rotation oftrigger lock26. Alternately, other pivot member configurations are envisioned, e.g., circular, square, etc.Tip26aoftrigger lock26 is positioned betweenabutments89 and91 onbody portion76 of firingtrigger20 to prevent actuation oftrigger20 when trigger lock26 is in the locked position.Trigger lock26 also includes aproximal extension26bwhich will be discussed in further detail below.
• Lockout member530 includes abody portion536, aproximal extension538, a pair offront legs540a, a pair ofrear legs540b, and an abutment member ordownturned lip portion542.Lockout member530 is slidably positioned between first andsecond stops544 and546 (FIG. 5) formed on an internal wall ofhandle sections18aand18b. Stop544 is positioned to engagerear legs540band stop546 is positioned to engagefront legs540a. It is also envisioned that a single abutment member may be substituted for each pair of legs. A biasing member, preferably acoil spring549, is positioned betweenstop544 andbody536 aboutproximal extension538 to urgelockout530 to its distal-most position with legs540 abuttingstop546. In this position,extension26boftrigger lock26 is positioned beneathlip portion542 oflockout member530 to prevent pivotal movement oftrigger lock26 aboutpivot member534, and thus prevent firing of staplingdevice10.
• As discussed above, screw stop306 is secured to screw32. A second engagement member ormembers548 extend downwardly from screw stop306 (FIG. 23). When staplingdevice10 is approximated and screw32 is moved proximally withinstationary handle18,engagement member548 abutsdistal legs540a(FIG. 47) oflockout member530 to movelockout member530 proximally against the bias ofspring member549 to a position in whichlip portion542 is spaced proximally ofextension26b oftrigger lock26. In this position oflockout member530, trigger lock526 can be pivoted aboutpivot member534 to permit firing of staplingdevice10.
Tactile Indicator Mechanism
• Referring toFIGS. 3, 5,9 and9A, a tactile indicator mechanism provided instationary handle18 includes anabutment member580 which is slidably positioned in avertical slot582 defined withinhandle sections18aand18b.Abutment member580 includes aprotuberance580aand aguide rib580b.Protuberance580ais dimensioned to be received within one of twodetents582aand582bformed along a wall ofslot582.Abutment member580 is movable from a retracted (downward) position, whereinprotuberance580ais positioned withindetent582a, to an extended (upward) position, whereinprotuberance580ais positioned within detent582b. Engagement betweenprotuberance580aanddetents582aand582bretainsabutment member580 in its respective upward or downward position.
• Prior to firing of staplingdevice10,abutment member580 is located in the retracted (downward) position. Whendevice10 is fired, an extension590 (FIG. 3) of firinglink72 engagesabutment member580 and movesabutment member580 from its retracted to its extended position. In the extended position,abutment member580 extends intochannel111 ofstationary handle18.
• Screw stop306 includes a pair ofwings584 which are slidably positioned inchannel111 ofstationary handle18. After staplingdevice10 has been fired,abutment member580 is positioned withinchannel111. During unapproximation ofanvil assembly30 andcartridge assembly31, awing584 ofscrew stop306 will engageabutment member580 andurge abutment member580 back to its retracted (downward) position. Engagement betweenabutment member580 andwing584 ofscrew stop306 provides a tactile and/or an audible indication to the surgeon that the anvil andcartridge assemblies30 and31 have been unapproximated a predetermined amount. Preferably,abutment member580 is positioned to engagewing584 of screw stop306 at the point when the anvil and cartridge assemblies have been separated a distance sufficient to allow the anvil head assembly to tilt. Thus, engagement betweenabutment member580 andwing584 ofscrew stop306 provides a tactile and/or audible indication to the surgeon that theanvil head assembly120 has tilted andstapling device10 can be removed from a patient.
Operation
• Operation ofsurgical stapling device10 will now be described in detail with reference toFIGS. 31-61.
• FIGS. 31-35 illustratesurgical stapling device10 in the unapproximated or open position prior to attachment ofanvil assembly30 toanvil retainer38. In this position, biasing member106 (FIG. 33) is engaged withcoupling86 to urgepusher link74 to its proximal-most position in whichcoupling86 abuts screw-stop306.Biasing member512 is engaged withslide member500 of the indicator mechanism to positionslide member500 in engagement withprojection518 ofindicator24 to pivotindicator24 in a clockwise direction, as viewed inFIG. 33.Biasing member549 is engaged withbody536 oflockout member530 to urgelockout member530 to its distal-most position, whereinlip portion542 oflockout member530 is positioned aboveextension26boftrigger lock26 to prevent movement oftrigger lock26 to the unlocked position. Biasingmember82ais also engaged with pivot member79 (FIG. 32) to urgepivot member79 to the base ofvertical slot82 andtactile indicator580 is in the retracted or downward position withprotrusion580apositioned withdetent582a.
• FIGS. 36-44 illustratesurgical stapling device10 withanvil assembly30 attached toanvil retainer38 and theanvil assembly30 in the unapproximated or open position. Referring toFIGS. 37 and 38, during attachment ofanvil assembly30 toanvil retainer38,anvil retainer38 is positioned withinbore170 ofcenter rod154 ofanvil assembly30.Flexible arms155 deflect outwardly to accommodatecenter rod154.Center rod154 is advanced ontoanvil retainer38 in the direction indicated by arrow “K” inFIG. 37 untilinternal shoulder155bofflexible arms155 passes overannular protrusion177 formed onanvil retainer38. At this point,resilient legs155 releasably engage the anvil retainer. The position of the remaining components of stapling device are not affected by attachment ofanvil assembly30 toanvil retainer38 and remain as described above and shown inFIGS. 31-35.
• FIGS. 45-50 illustratesurgical stapling device10 during movement ofanvil assembly30 andcartridge assembly31 to the approximated or closed position. As discussed above,anvil assembly30 is moved to the approximated or closed position by rotatingrotation knob22 in the direction indicated by arrow “L” inFIG. 45. Rotation ofknob22 causescylindrical sleeve33 to rotate to movepin52 alonghelical channel50 ofscrew32. SeeFIG. 48. Movement ofpin52 alonghelical channel50 causes screw32 to translate proximally withinsleeve33. The distal end ofscrew32 is connected to screwextensions34 and36 which are fastened at their distal ends to anvil retainer38 (FIG. 46). As such, retraction ofscrew32 withinsleeve33 is translated into proximal movement ofanvil retainer38 andanvil assembly30. It is noted that whenanvil assembly30 is approximated,flexible legs155 ofcenter rod154 are drawn intobushing209 to locklegs155 ontoanvil retainer38.
• Referring toFIGS. 47-49, screw stop306 is axially fixed to screw32 byset screw312. Thus, asscrew32 is retracted withinsleeve33, screw stop306 is moved from a distal position withinstationary handle18 to a proximal position. As screw stop306 moves from the distal position to the proximal position,first engagement member522 formed onscrew stop306 abutsproximal end506aofslot506 of slide plate500 (FIG. 29) and movesslide plate500 proximally against the bias ofspring512. Asslide plate500 moves proximally, lip508 (FIG. 48) ofslide member500 engagesprojection520 ofindicator24 to pivotindicator24 in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed inFIG. 48.
• Screw stop306 also includes a second engagement member548 (FIG. 47). Asscrew stop306 is moved from the distal position to the proximal position during approximation ofanvil assembly30,second engagement member548 engagesdistal legs540aoflockout member530 to movelockout member530 proximally to a position in whichlip portion542 is spaced proximally ofextension26boftrigger lock26. In this position, triggerlock26 can be pivoted to an unlocked position to permit firing of staplingdevice10.
• Movement of screw stop306 to its proximal-most position withinstationary handle18positions abutment surface307 ofscrew stop306 in position to engagepivot member79 of firinglink72.Abutment surface307 comprises a substantially concave surface which is positioned to partially capture and act as a backstop forpivot79 during firing of the stapling device.
• FIGS. 51-56 illustratesurgical stapling device10 during the firing stroke of firingtrigger20. Astrigger20 is compressed towardsstationary handle18 in the direction indicated by arrow “M” inFIG. 52,pivot member79 engagesabutment surface307 onscrew stop306 and firingtrigger20 is pushed distally. As discussed above, the distal end of firingtrigger22 is connected throughcoupling member86 to the proximal end ofpusher link74. Accordingly, as firingtrigger20 is moved distally,pusher link74 is moved distally in the direction indicated by arrow “N” inFIG. 52 to effect advancement of pusher back186 within shell assembly31 (FIG. 52).Fingers190 of pusher back186 engage and ejectstaples230 fromstaple guide192.
• Cylindrical knife188 is moved concurrently with pusher back186 such thatknife188 moves into engagement with cuttingring128 andbackup plate126. As discussed above, cuttingring128 is preferably formed from polyethylene andbackup plate126 is preferably formed from metal. Whenknife188 engages cuttingring128, it cuts into cuttingring128 and pushesbackup plate126 deeper intoanvil head124 to move tabs150 (FIG. 56) from engagement withtop surface154aof center rod154 (FIG. 56).Anvil head124 is now free to pivot aboutmember164 and is urged to do so byplunger156. It is noted that because the anvil assembly is in juxtaposed alignment withshell assembly31, theanvil head14 will not pivot fully until the anvil and shell assemblies have been unapproximated a distance sufficient to allow the anvil head to fully pivot. Whenbackup plate126 moves intoanvil head124,flexible arms127aand127bof retainer clip127 (FIG. 55) spring outwardly to a position in front ofbackup plate126 blocking movement ofbackup plate126 out ofanvil head124. As discussed above,arms127aand127bpreventbackup plate126 from sticking toknife188 whenanvil assembly30 is returned to the unapproximated position. Moreover, as discussed above,knife188 may have a lubricious coating which preventsbackup plate126 and cutring128 from sticking toknife188.
• Referring toFIGS. 53 and 54, astrigger20 is actuated, i.e., compressed towardsstationary handle18,extension590 of firinglink72 is pivoted towards and engagesabutment member580 to moveabutment member580 from its retracted to its extended position. In its extended position, abutment member obstructschannel111 ofstationary handle18.
• Referring toFIGS. 57-60, during unapproximation of staplingdevice10 afterdevice10 has been fired,wing584 ofscrew stop306 engages tactile indicator580 (FIG. 58) at the point of unapproximation at whichanvil head124 is able to pivot to the tilted reduced profile position. Contact betweenwing584 andtactile indicator580 provides a tactile and/or audible indication thatanvil head124 has tilted. If additional force is provided toapproximation knob22,wing584 ofscrew stop306 will force tactile indicator to the retracted position to allow staplingdevice10 to move to the fully open position. In this position,flexible arms155 are positioned distally ofbushing209 andanvil assembly30 can be disengaged from anvil retainer28.
• It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto.
• For example, although the description refers exclusively to staples, it is envisioned that staples may include different types of tissue fasteners including two-part fasteners. In a stapling device for applying two-part fastener, the anvil assembly of the stapling device would support one part of each two-part fastener.

Claims (18)

1. A surgical stapling device comprising a knife, said knife comprising a tissue cutting end and a surface, a portion of said surface having a coating thereon, the coating comprising at least one polydialkylsiloxane and at least one siliconization material.

2. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 1 wherein the polydialkylsiloxane comprises a polydimethylsiloxane and the siliconization material comprises a polydimethylsiloxane having amino and alkoxy functional groups.

3-5. (canceled)

6. A surgical stapling device comprising a knife, said knife comprising a tissue cutting end and a surface, a portion of said surface having a coating thereon, the coating formed from a coating mixture comprising at least one polydialkylsiloxane, at least one siliconization material, and at least one organic solvent.

7. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 6 wherein the polydialkylsiloxane has a molecular weight sufficient to provide a viscosity of the coating mixture of at least about 10,000 cp.

8. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 6 wherein the siliconization material comprises a polydimethylsiloxane having amino and alkoxy functional groups and the solvent is at least one of a hydrocarbon solvent of from about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms, a hydrofluoroether, and an alcohol.

9. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 6 wherein the coating mixture further comprises a first solution comprising the polydialkylsiloxane and a first organic solvent and a second solution comprising the siliconization material and a second organic solvent.

10. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 9 wherein the first solution comprises a polydimethylsiloxane and the first solvent is at least one of a hydrocarbon solvent of from about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms and a hydrofluoroether.

11. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 9 wherein the first solution comprises a polydimethylsiloxane and the first solvent is selected from the group consisting of hexane and heptane.

12. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 9 wherein the second solution comprises an aminoalkyl siloxane and at least one other siloxane copolymerizable therewith and the second solvent is at least one of a hydrocarbon solvent of from about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms, a hydrofluoroether, and an alcohol.

13. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 9 wherein the second solution comprises a polydimethylsiloxane having amino and alkoxy functional groups and the second solvent is at least one of a hydrocarbon solvent of from about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms, a hydrofluoroether, and an alcohol.

14. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 9 wherein the second solution comprises a polydimethylsiloxane having amino and alkoxy functional groups and the second solvent is selected from the group consisting of hexane, heptane, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.

15. The surgical stapling device ofclaim 6 wherein the coating mixture further comprises a first solution comprising a polydimethylsiloxane and a hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of hexane and heptane and a second solution comprising a polydimethylsiloxane having amino and alkoxy functional groups and a solvent selected from the group consisting of hexane, heptane, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.

16. A method of coating a knife for inclusion into a surgical stapler, said knife comprising a tissue cutting end and a surface, the method comprising the steps of:

applying a coating mixture to a portion of said surface of said knife, the coating mixture comprising at least one polydialkylsiloxane, at least one siliconization material, and at least one organic solvent; and

evaporating a substantial portion of the organic solvent from the coating mixture.

17. The method ofclaim 16 further comprising the step of curing the coating mixture.

18. The method ofclaim 16 wherein the step of evaporating a substantial portion of the organic solvent from the coating mixture comprises evaporating substantially all of the organic solvent from the coating mixture.

19. The method ofclaim 16 wherein the step of applying a coating mixture comprises applying a siliconization material comprising a polydimethylsiloxane having amino and alkoxy functional groups and the solvent is at least one of a hydrocarbon solvent of from about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms, a hydrofluoroether, and an alcohol.

20. The method ofclaim 16 wherein the step of applying a coating mixture comprises applying a first solution comprising the polydialkylsiloxane and a first organic solvent and a second solution comprising the siliconization material and a second organic solvent.

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