US20060259045A1 - Multiple hemoclip system for an endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

Spring clips are arranged end to end in a cavity of an inner shaft. Such shaft slides within an outer shaft, and a pusher member slides in the cavity behind the clips. The clips have jaws biased together, but which are wedged apart by an opener as the pusher is moved distally. An opened clip is ejected by relative movement of the inner and outer shafts to clamp body tissue at a desired site.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
• This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/347,832, filed on Oct. 24, 2001.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention relates to a system for clipping body tissue, such as a system for introducing a clip for hemostasis (“hemoclip”) endoscopically in the GI tract.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• One known system for introducing a hemoclip endoscopically is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,958,576 assigned to Olympus Optical Co. Ltd. of Japan. See also Japanese Patent Publication No. 04102450 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,766,189. Each of these devices is used to insert a single clip, and includes a series of mechanical members to insert, eject and close or clamp the clip at a desired location, such as for hemostasis in the GI tract.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention provides an improved hemoclip system. In one aspect of the invention multiple clips can be applied internally by way of a conventional endoscope without removal and reinsertion of a clip-retaining member. The system provides good control of the rotated position of a clip, with little backlash, for convenient and reliable placement of a clip or clips.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
• FIG. 1 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal portion of a multiple hemoclip system for an endoscope in accordance with the present invention with parts shown in section;
• FIG. 2 is a distal end elevation of the device ofFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a transverse section along line3-3 ofFIG. 1, with parts removed;
• FIG. 4 is a top plan of the distal end portion of the device with parts shown in section;
• FIG. 5 is a top perspective of a hemoclip usable in the system of the present invention;
• FIG. 6 is a top perspective of a second embodiment of a hemoclip usable in the system of the present invention;
• FIG. 7 is a top perspective of a third embodiment of a hemoclip usable in the system of the present invention;
• FIG. 8 is a side elevation of a fourth embodiment of a hemoclip usable in the system of the present invention;
• FIG. 9 is a vertical section along line9-9 ofFIG. 5;
• FIG. 10 is a vertical section corresponding toFIG. 9 showing aspects of an alternative embodiment of a hemoclip usable in the system of the present invention;
• FIG. 11 is a vertical section corresponding toFIG. 9 showing aspects of a further embodiment of a hemoclip usable in the system of the present invention;
• FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic top perspective of the proximate portion of a multiple hemoclip system for an endoscope in accordance with the present invention;
• FIG. 13 is a side elevation of the proximate portion shown inFIG. 12, with parts broken away;
• FIG. 14 is a top plan of a second embodiment of a proximate portion of a multiple hemoclip system in accordance with the present invention, with parts broken away;
• FIG. 15 is a top plan of a third embodiment of a proximate portion for a system in accordance with the present invention, with parts broken away;
• FIG. 16 is a top plan of a fourth embodiment of proximate portion for a system in accordance with the present invention, with parts broken away; and
• FIG. 17 is a top plan of a fifth embodiment of a proximate portion for a system in accordance with the present invention, with parts broken away.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
• With reference toFIGS. 1-4, ahemoclip system10 in accordance with the present invention includes an elongated outer tube orshaft12 which may be inserted through a conventional scope for positioning a distal, clip-carryingportion14 of the shaft at a desired location of the body, such as a location of bleeding to be clamped. Such elongated outer tube orshaft12 can be manufactured from an extruded biocompatible polymer or other suitable material. The proximate end portion of the outer shaft connects to a handle as described below with reference toFIGS. 12-17 for external control of the relatively movable component parts of thedistal portion14.
• Aninner shaft16 is slideably received within theouter shaft12, and also may be manufactured from an extruded biocompatible polymer or other suitable material. The longitudinal position of theinner shaft16 relative to theouter shaft12 can be adjusted.
• The cross-sectional shape of the major portion of theinner shaft16 is best seen inFIG. 3. A generally rectangular bore orcavity18 is sized for receivingspring clips20 of the type described in more detail below. To prevent stretching of the inner shaft,support wires22 can be embedded in it at opposite sides of the central cavity or recess18.
• Thecavity18 is shaped for reception ofspring clips20. Such clips fit close within thecavity18 but are freely slideable therein. In general, several clips are preloaded in the distal end of the inner shaft, such as three or more clips placed end to end. The clips are dispensed, in part, by apusher block24 received in therecess18 proximate to the clips. The pusher block can be moved distally and proximally by manipulation of an attachedcore wire26. Wire26 extends through theinner shaft16 and is slidable therein.
• Theclips20 can be manufactured from a metal with spring and/or memory properties, such as stainless steel or Nitinol. With reference toFIG. 5, the basic shape is a thin band plate, bent toward its center orweb28 to form a long U with elongatedopposing jaws30. The ends of the jaws are bent inward to formteeth32 that face each other. The inner ends of the teeth can be sharpened to form grabbing hooks.
• Returning toFIGS. 1 and 2, aclip opener component34 is secured at the distal end of theinner shaft16, such as by attachment to the strengthening wires22 (shown in the cross-section ofFIG. 3). Such wires preferably extend the full length of the inner shaft. The clip opener includes acontinuous shell36 at its proximate end and twoside pieces38 at its distal end. As seen inFIG. 4, the proximate portion orshell36 tapers inward at opposite sides37 (this tapering and other dimensions are exaggerated in the drawings for ease of illustration and description). The distal or leading ends of the clip jaws are similarly tapered. Aclip20 is “loaded” by forcing it forward, using thepusher block24. This has the effect of wedging theside pieces38 apart until the proximate or trailing end of the clip clears thetapered sides37. After a short travel of the clip distally, the opening between the clip jaws formed by theteeth32 engage the distal end portions of theside pieces38 which project part way into the path that a clip follows when driven forward by theclip pusher24. See, for example, the position of theside pieces38 inFIG. 2. The adjacent edges of theside pieces38 are spaced apart transversely but are close enough together so as to be engaged by the tapered leading ends of theclip20. Each side piece has proximate wedge surfaces40 (FIG. 1) angled outward from the center line of the device and configured such that the distal ends of the clip jaws are wedged apart when the pusher block moves the clip against theopener surfaces40. Consequently, as a clip is forced forward along thecavity18 of theinner shaft16, theclip teeth32 andjaws30 are wedged apart to the condition illustrated at the right ofFIG. 1, contrary to the natural memory or spring characteristics of the clip. This action tends to spread theside pieces38 apart until the central portion orweb28 of the clip fits within anintermediate cavity portion42 of theclip opener34. When this position is reached, the clip is reliably held in the clip opener with its jaws open.
• The opened clip can be moved by manipulation of the outer shaft ortube12, and can be rotated by manipulation of the inner tube orshaft16. When a desired site and orientation are reached, such as a bleeding site, the clip can be ejected by withdrawing theinner shaft16 relative to theouter shaft12. With reference toFIG. 1,projections44 on the outer sides of theclip jaws30 are positioned to engage against ametal collar46 provided at the end of theouter shaft12. With reference toFIG. 2, as the inner shaft, includingclip opener34, is retracted within the outer tube, theopener side pieces38 are wedged apart, in the direction of thearrows48. In addition, the clip edges can have weakening nicks50 (shown only inFIG. 2) that allow the metal of the jaws to bend inward as the jaws move past theopener side pieces38, until the clip is released and itsteeth32 move toward each other to clamp the tissue at the desired site, due to the inherent spring or memory characteristics of the clip. After dispensing of one clip, the next clip can be moved into position by manipulation of thecore wire26 and attachedpusher24.
• With reference toFIG. 3, the outer periphery of theinner shaft16 can have equally spacedribs52 for ease in sliding along the inner periphery of theouter shaft12. The shafts andcore wire26 can be curved or bent during use, depending on the application.
• Different clip geometries may be used, as illustrated inFIGS. 5-11. Preferably the clips are quite wide, at least one millimeter, for maximum spring force. With reference toFIG. 6, one of theteeth32 can form a sharpened angular projection shaped to be received in a corresponding angular recess of theother tooth32. Theweb end28 of the clip can include a circular or helical wire spring member. With reference toFIG. 7, theweb portion28 of the clip can be narrower than the main body portion of thejaws30, to allow some pivoting movement of an open clip when in the position at the right ofFIG. 2, it being understood that the narrowed portion of theclip web28 would extend beyond the distal end of the outer shaft. In that case, the shoulders formed between theweb28 andjaws30 could be positioned to substitute for theprojections44. With reference toFIG. 8, closing force for theclip20 can be achieved or augmented by a separateelastic band52. One or more of the clip components can be bioabsorbable, so that the clip would automatically be released over time. Theclip jaws30 can be of rectangular cross-section (FIG. 9) or can be arcuate (FIG. 10) or angled (FIG. 11) for increased rigidity.
• With reference toFIGS. 12 and 13, theproximate portion54 of the multiple hemoclip system in accordance with the present invention can be in the form of a handle having separate components for positioning theouter shaft12 and manipulating theinner shaft16 andcore wire26 connected to the clip opener and pusher, respectively. The parts are shown diagrammatically. Theouter shaft12 is coupled to alarger fitting56 leading to abracket portion58 that can more easily be grasped and positioned by a user. Theinner shaft16 is coupled to aproximate extension60 leading to afinger hole62. Most of theextension60 is cylindrical, but an operatingknob64 is journaled on a shortnoncylindrical portion66 of the extension. The knob can be turned to rotate the inner shaft, but is slideable along thenoncylindrical portion66. Sliding movement of the extension relative to theknob64 is limited bystops68 at both sides. Since the knob is held within thebracket58, stops68 define the maximum travel of theinner shaft16 inside theouter shaft12.
• Thecore wire26 is coupled to a slidingspool70. The spool is moveable fore and aft (distally and proximally) along theextension60, for moving the core wire and attached clip pusher relative to theinner shaft16. Thus, theproximate portion54 can be manipulated to position a clip adjacent to a site to be clamped, whereupon thespool70 is moved distally to slide thecore wire26 andclip pusher24 sufficiently to position the distal most clip as shown at the right ofFIG. 1.Knob64 can be used to rotate the inner shaft to orient the clip as desired. Only a short relative movement of the inner and outer shafts is required to eject the clip, which will relax toward its closed position to apply a clamping force at the desired site. Thereafter, the device need not be removed and reloaded. Rather, the next clip can be moved forward and the process repeated to secure another clip. Removal of the distal portion of the multiple hemoclip system is not required until the supply of preloaded clips has been exhausted.
• Other proximate operating mechanisms can be used. In the embodiment ofFIG. 14, theinner shaft16 is coupled to the long,cylindrical extension60 leading to thefinger hole62, as in the previously described embodiment. Also,knob64 is journaled on, and slideable along, thenon-circular portion66, with such sliding movement being limited by stops68. However, in the embodiment ofFIG. 14, the fitting56 continues to and is affixed to thespool70.Knob64 has opposite sides that project through openings in the fitting orhousing56. Relative movement of theextension60, such as by use of thefinger hole62, and thespool70 results in corresponding relative movement of theinner shaft16 andouter shaft12.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 14, thecore wire26 connects to a slide mechanism having anexternal operating button72 slideably mounted on thespool structure70.Indicia74 adjacent to thebutton72 indicate the position of the pusher block carried by thecore wire26 at its distal end. Thus, by viewing the position of thebutton72 relative to theindicia74, a user will know the position of the clips at the distal end and also the number of clips remaining.
• The embodiment ofFIG. 15 is identical to the embodiment ofFIG. 14 except for the mechanism for moving thecore wire26. In this embodiment, thespool portion70 carries arotatable dial76 havingindicia78. Thecore wire26 connects to or is wrapped around an internal segment of the dial such that rotation of the dial moves the core wire26 (and attached clip pusher) inside theinner shaft16. Theindicia78 can be used to determine the position of the clips at the distal end and/or the number of clips remaining to be dispensed.
• In the embodiments ofFIGS. 16 and 17, the fitting56 connected to theouter shaft12 is identical to that used in the embodiment ofFIGS. 12 and 13, including thebracket portions58. In addition, theinner shaft16 connects to theextension60, with anon-circular segment66 on which theknob64 is journaled, and stops68 limiting the relative movement of the inner and outer shafts. In the embodiment ofFIG. 16, however, thespool section70 is fixed to theextension60.Core wire26 is moved relative to the spool (and, consequently, relative to the inner shaft) by a slide operating mechanism of the type described above with reference toFIG. 14. Theexternal button72 is slideable lengthwise ofcomponent70 for moving thecore wire26, andindicia74 can be used to determine the position of the clips and the number of clips remaining.
• The embodiment ofFIG. 17 is identical to the embodiment ofFIG. 16 except for the mechanism for moving thecore wire26. In theFIG. 17 embodiment, a dial mechanism of the type described above with reference toFIG. 15 is used.Component70 is fixed to theinner shaft extension60.Indicia78 on thedial76 indicate the position of the clips and the number of clips remaining.
• While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. An apparatus comprising:

an elongated tubular outer shaft having a distal portion and a proximate portion;

an elongated tubular inner shaft slideable inside the outer shaft and having a distal portion adjacent to the outer shaft distal portion and a proximate portion adjacent to the outer shaft proximate portion, the distal portion of the inner shaft forming an elongated cavity;

a clip slideably received in the cavity and having opposing jaws biased toward each other, the clip having a leading end facing the distal end of the inner shaft, the clip having a trailing end remote from the distal end of the inner shaft;

a pusher member slideably received in the inner shaft and having a distal portion fitted in the distal portion of the inner shaft and positioned to be proximate to the trailing end of the clip received in the cavity, the pusher member including a proximate portion extending to the proximate portion of the inner shaft, the pusher member being moveable distally of the inner shaft for sliding the clip within the cavity; and

a clip opening component at the distal end of the inner shaft and adjacent to the distal end of the outer shaft, the opening component having at least one clip-wedging side piece with at least one wedge surface angled outward and in the path of the leading end of a clip for engagement between the jaws of the clip as the clip is moved distally by the pusher member so as to spread apart the jaws in opposition to force tending to bias the jaws of the clip toward each other, for moving the clip to and holding the clip in a loaded position in which the jaws project from the distal end of the outer shaft, the inner and outer shafts and the clip being constructed and arranged relatively to eject a clip distally from the loaded position by relative movement of the inner and outer shafts to free the clip from the opening component and apply a clamping force by inherent biasing of the clip jaws toward each other.

2. The apparatus defined inclaim 1, including a row of identical clips received in the cavity and arranged end to end.

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