US20060217596A1 - Illuminated surgical retractor - Google Patents

Abstract

Illuminated surgical retractors include at least one retractor blade and a light delivery system. The light delivery system may include an array of lights which may be attached directly to the retractor blade or to a support in the shape of an elongated blade that extends along the length of the retractor blade for illuminating all or a portion of the length of the retractor blade.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS
• The present invention is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/294,291, filed Nov. 14, 2002, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/735,104, filed Dec. 12, 2000 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,504,985), which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/120,406, filed Jul. 22, 1998 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,185,356), which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/886,666, filed Jul. 2, 1997 (now abandoned). The contents of these applications are herein incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF INVENTION
• The present invention relates generally to a surgical instrument that includes a light delivery system for providing illumination for the instrument.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• While light delivery systems are generally known, prior art light delivery systems are not easily adapted for use in connection with functional instruments such as surgical instruments of various types. In this respect, current light delivery systems do not provide optimal illumination for a variety of desired lighting conditions. Moreover, current light delivery systems are costly to replace, and are thus not well suited for conditions which necessitate that the light delivery system be disposable, such as where sterilization is desired.
• The present invention overcomes these and other disadvantages of prior art light delivery systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• According to the present invention, there is provided a surgical instrument including particularly a retractor having a light delivery system for providing illumination for the retractor.
• In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the light delivery system is adapted for attachment to a surgical instrument.
• In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the light delivery system is adapted for integration with a surgical instrument.
• In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the light delivery system is disposable or reusable.
• In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the light delivery system is suitably configured in numerous shapes and sizes.
• In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the light delivery system is quickly and easily attached to and detached from an associated surgical instrument.
• In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the light delivery system may include a light emitter that locally varies the intensity of emitted light and provides directional control of the emitted light.
• In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the light delivery system may include an array of lights attached to a retractor blade or to a support in the shape of an elongated blade that extends along the length of the retractor blade for illuminating the retractor blade along all or a portion of the length thereof.
• Still other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon the reading and understanding of the following detailed description, accompanying drawings and appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• In the annexed drawings:
• FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the light emitter shown inFIG. 4A;
• FIG. 2 is an enlarged transverse section through the light emitter shown inFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3A is an enlarged plan view of a portion of a light emitter, showing one form of pattern of light extracting deformities on the light emitter;
• FIGS. 3B-3D are enlarged schematic perspective views of a portion of a light emitter showing other forms of light extracting deformities formed in or on the light emitter;
• FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a light delivery system, wherein the light delivery system is attachable to a suction/blower device;
• FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the light delivery system shown inFIG. 4A, as attached to the suction/blower device;
• FIG. 4C is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the attachment means for the light delivery system;
• FIG. 5A is a perspective view of a suction/blower device having an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 5B is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken alongline5B-5B ofFIG. 5A;
• FIG. 5C is an alternative embodiment of the cross-sectional view taken alongline5B-5B ofFIG. 5A;
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another type of suction/blower device having an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view of yet another type of suction/blower device having an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an electrosurgical pencil including the light delivery system of the present invention;
• FIG. 9A is a perspective view of a transillumination tray including the light delivery system of the present invention;
• FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken alongline9B-9B ofFIG. 9A, with a vein/artery located in the transillumination tray;
• FIG. 10A is a perspective view of a stabilizer including an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 10B is a side view of the stabilizer shown inFIG. 10A;
• FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a plurality of retractors including a light delivery system;
• FIG. 12 is a top view of a forceps including an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a multi-purpose lighting device including a light delivery system;
• FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the multi-purpose lighting device taken along line14-14 ofFIG. 13;
• FIG. 15A is a perspective view of a lighting device including a light delivery system;
• FIG. 15B is a sectional view of the lighting device taken along line15-15 ofFIG. 15A.
• FIG. 16A is a perspective view of a “rope” lighting device;
• FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device taken along line16-16 ofFIG. 16A;
• FIG. 17 is a top view of a trans-illuminating forceps including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a trans-illuminating retractor including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 19A is a perspective view of a spring-formed “rope” lighting device;
• FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device taken along line19-19 ofFIG. 19A;
• FIG. 20A is a perspective view of a smoke evacuation tube having an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view of the smoke evacuation tube taken along line20-20 ofFIG. 20A;
• FIG. 21A is a perspective view of a suction tube having an integrated light delivery system;
• FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view of the suction tube taken along line21-21 ofFIG. 21A;
• FIG. 22A is a perspective view of a suction tube having an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 22B is a cross-sectional view of the suction tube taken along line22-22 ofFIG. 22A;
• FIG. 23A is a perspective view of a ring-shaped “rope” lighting device;
• FIG. 23B is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device taken along line23-23 ofFIG. 23A;
• FIG. 24A is a perspective view of a protective cover applied to a light distributor, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
• FIG. 24B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover, taken alongline24B-24B ofFIG. 24A;
• FIG. 24C is an end view of the protective cover shown inFIG. 24A;
• FIG. 24D is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover, taken along line24D-24D ofFIG. 24C;
• FIG. 25A is a perspective view of a protective cover applied to a light distributor, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
• FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover, taken along line25B-25B ofFIG. 25A;
• FIG. 25C is an end view of the protective cover shown inFIG. 25A;
• FIG. 25D is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover, taken along line25D-25D ofFIG. 25C;
• FIG. 26A is a perspective view of a protective cover applied to a light distributor, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention;
• FIG. 26B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover, taken alongline26B-26B ofFIG. 26A;
• FIG. 26C is an end view of the protective cover shown inFIG. 26A;
• FIG. 26D is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover, taken along line26D-26D ofFIG. 26;
• FIG. 27A is a cut-away view of a protective cover according to another embodiment of the present invention as applied to a light rod;
• FIG. 27B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover taken alongline27B-27B ofFIG. 27A;
• FIG. 28A is a cut-away view of a protective cover as applied to a light rod with attached retractor blade;
• FIG. 28B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover taken alongline28B-28B ofFIG. 28A;
• FIG. 29A is a cut-away view of a protective cover according to another embodiment of the present invention as applied to a rope light;
• FIG. 29B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover taken alongline29B-29B ofFIG. 29A;
• FIG. 30A is a cut-away view of a protective cover according to another embodiment of the present invention as applied to a ring light;
• FIG. 30B is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover taken alongline30B-30B ofFIG. 30A;
• FIG. 31 is a plan view, partly in section, of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 32 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 33 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 35 is a plan view, partly in section, of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system;
• FIG. 36 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system; and
• FIG. 37 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of a retractor including an attachable light delivery system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
• Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purposes of illustrating exemplary embodiments of the invention only and not for purposes of limiting same,FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a suction/blower device100 having an externally mountedlight delivery system2.FIG. 4A shows alight delivery system2 detached from suction/blower device100, whileFIG. 4B showslight delivery system2 attached to suction/blower device100. It should be appreciated thatdevice100 can take many forms including a surgical instrument or a conventional hand tool, as will be illustrated below.
• Light delivery system2 is generally comprised of alight emitter10, alight distributor60, and an attachment means80.Light emitter10 focuses light of varying intensity in a predetermined direction or pattern. As a result, an associated viewing field is illuminated with a predetermined light characteristic. Light distributor60 (e.g., optic light pipe) transmits light from alight source90 tolight emitter10. Attachment means80 provides a support structure for couplinglight delivery system2 todevice100. In this regard, attachment means80 may include tabs, hooks or the like.
• Light emitter10 is comprised of a transparent or translucent light emitting material of any suitable type, including acrylic, polycarbonate, glass, epoxy, resins or the like.Emitter10 may be substantially flat, suitably curved, may be formed of single or multiple layers, and may have different thicknesses and shapes. Moreover,emitter10 may be flexible, or rigid, and may be made out of a variety of compounds. It should also be appreciated thatemitter10 may be hollow, filled with liquid, air, or be solid, and may have holes or ridges formed therein.
• Means for directing light in desired directions and patterns, and providing various light intensity levels will now be described with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2, which show a section B oflight emitter10. Light extracting formations including deformities, disruptions, coatings, patterns or lenses, may be provided on one or more selectedlight surface areas20 on one or more sides21 oredges23 ofemitter10. As used herein, the term light extracting formation is to mean any change in the shape or geometry of the surface and/or coating or surface treatment that causes a portion of the light to be emitted.FIG. 3A schematically shows one suchlight surface area20 on which a pattern of light extracting deformities ordisruptions22 is provided. The pattern of light extracting deformities ordisruptions22 shown inFIG. 3A includes a variable pattern which breaks up the light rays such that the internal angle of reflection of a portion of the light rays will be great enough to cause the light rays either to be emitted out ofemitter10 through the side or sides on which the light extracting deformities ordisruptions22 are provided or reflected back through theemitter10 and emitted out the other side thereof.
• Light extracting formations can be produced in a variety of manners, for example, by providing a painted pattern, an etched pattern, a machined pattern, a printed pattern, a hot stamped pattern, a molded pattern, a curved surface (i.e., lens), a diffraction grating, a prismatic surface or the like on selectedlight surface areas20 ofemitter10. An ink or printed pattern may be applied for example by pad printing, silk screening, ink jet, heat transfer film process or the like. The deformities or disruptions may also be printed on a sheet or film which is used to apply the deformities or disruptions tolight surface area20. This sheet or film may become a permanent part ofemitter10 for example by attaching or otherwise positioning the sheet or film against one or both sides of the emitter light surface area similar to the sheet orfilm24 shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 in order to produce a desired effect.
• By varying the density, opaqueness or translucence, shape, depth, color, area, index of refraction, diffraction grating, or type of light extracting formations, the light output ofemitter10 can be controlled. The light extracting formations may be used to control the direction and/or percent of light emitted from any area ofemitter10. For instance, less and/orsmaller size deformities22 may be placed onemitter10 in areas where less light output is wanted. Conversely, a greater percentage of and/orlarger deformities22 may be placed onemitter10 in areas where greater light output is desired.
• Varying the percentages and/or size ofdeformities22 in different areas ofemitter10 is necessary in order to provide a uniform light output distribution. For example, the amount of light traveling throughlight emitter10 will ordinarily be greater in areas closer to the light source than in other areas further removed from the light source. A pattern of light extractingdeformities22 may be used to adjust the light variances within the emitter, for example, by providing a denser concentration of light extracting deformities with increased distance from the light source thereby resulting in a more uniform light output distribution fromlight emitter10. Thedeformities22 may also be used to control the output ray angle distribution of the emitted light to suit a particular application.
• It should be appreciated that other light extracting formations are suitably provided in addition to or in lieu of the patterns of light extractingdeformities22 shown inFIG. 3A. As indicated above, other light extracting formations including lenses, prismatic surfaces, depressions or raised surfaces of various shapes using more complex shapes in a mold pattern may be molded, etched, stamped, thermoformed, hot stamped or the like into or on one or more surface areas (e.g., sides and edges) of the light emitter. Lenses (e.g., pillow lenses) can be used to provide diffuse light (by spreading light rays) and directional light (by focusing light rays).FIGS. 3B and 3C showareas26 on whichprismatic surfaces28 ordepressions30 are formed in the emitter surface area, whereasFIG. 3D shows prismatic or other reflective orrefractive surfaces32 formed on the exterior of the emitter surface area. The prismatic surfaces, depressions or raised surfaces will cause a portion of the light rays contacted thereby to be emitted from the light emitter. Also, the angles of the prisms, depressions or other surfaces may be varied to direct the light in different directions to produce a desired light output distribution or effect, or to project a spot image or pattern of light to a specific area or region. Moreover, the reflective or refractive surfaces may have shapes or a pattern with no specific angles to reduce moire or other interference effects. In addition, the light rays emitted from the emitter may provide generally shadowless or homogenous light. In this regard, the emitter may simultaneously illuminate a 3-D object from a plurality of sides.
• As best seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 2, a back reflector34 (including trans reflectors) may be attached or positioned against one side of thepanel member14 ofFIG. 1 using asuitable adhesive36 or other method in order to improve light output efficiency oflight emitter10 by reflecting the light emitted from that side back through the panel for emission through the opposite side. Additionally, a pattern of light extractingdeformities22,28,30 and/or32 may be provided on one or both sides of the light emitter in order to change the path of the light so that the internal critical angle is exceeded and a portion of the light is emitted from one or both sides of the light emitter. Moreover, a transparent film, sheet orplate member24 may be attached or positioned against the side or sides of the emitter from which light is emitted using asuitable adhesive36 or other method in order to produce a desired effect.
• Member24 may be used to further improve the uniformity of the light output distribution. For example,member24 may be a colored film, a diffuser, or a label or display, a portion of which may be a transparent overlay that may be colored and/or have text or an image thereon.
• If adhesive36 is used to adhere theback reflector34 and/orfilm24 to the emitter, the adhesive is preferably applied only along the side edges of the emitter, and if desired the end edge opposite light transition areas, but not over the entire surface area or areas of the emitter because of the difficulty in consistently applying a uniform coating of adhesive to the panel. Also, the adhesive changes the internal critical angle of the light in a less controllable manner than the air gaps40 (seeFIG. 2) which are formed between the respective surfaces of the emitter and theback reflector34 and/ormember24 when only adhered along the peripheral edges. Additionally, longer emitters are achievable whenair gaps40 are used. If adhesive were to be used over the entire surface, the pattern of deformities could be adjusted to account for the additional attenuation in the light caused by the adhesive.
• The light emitter disclosed herein may be used for a great many different applications including for example LCD back lighting or lighting in general, decorative and display lighting, automotive lighting, dental lighting, phototherapy, photodynamic therapy, or other medical lighting, membrane switch lighting, and sporting goods and apparel lighting or the like. Also the emitter may be formed such that the deformities are transparent without a back reflector. This allows the emitter to be used such that the application is viewed through the transparent emitter.
• The light that is transmitted bylight distributor60 tolight emitter10 may be emitted along the entire length oflight emitter10 or from one or more light output areas along the length of the panel as desired to produce a desired light output distribution to fit a particular application.
• Light distributor60 is a formed light conduit adapted to propagate light therethrough via internal reflection. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 4A and 4B,light distributor60 takes the form of an optic light pipe.Light distributor60 includes aninterface64 and a connectingmember62.Interface64interfaces light distributor60 withlight emitter10. Connectingmember62 facilitates connection oflight distributor60 with light source90 (described below). It should be appreciated thatlight distributor60,light emitter64, andlight source90 may be formed as one unitary member withoutinterface64 and connectingmember62.
• Light source90 may take many forms as will be discussed below. In the embodiment of the present invention shown inFIGS. 4A and 4B,light source90 is generally comprised of a generator92 and acable94. Generator92 may be, for example, a 300 Watt Xenon light source.Cable94 includes a connectingmember96, which mates with connectingmember62 oflight distributor60.
• It should be appreciated thatlight source90 illustrated inFIGS. 4A and 4B is shown solely for the purpose of illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. In this respect,light source90 may also be of other suitable types including, an arc lamp, an incandescent bulb (which also may be colored, filtered or painted), a lens end bulb, a line light, a halogen lamp, a light emitting diode (LED), a chip from an LED, a neon bulb, a fluorescent tube, a laser or laser diode, or any other suitable light source. For example,light source90 may take the form of any of the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,897,771 and 5,005,108, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Additionally, the light source may be a multiple colored LED, or a combination of multiple colored radiation sources in order to provide a desired colored or white light output distribution. For example, a plurality of colored lights such as LEDs of different colors (red, blue, green) or a single LED emitting a selected spectrum may be employed to create white light or any other colored light output distribution by varying the intensities of each individual colored light.
• Attachment means80 is suitably molded as an integral part of light distributor60 (FIG. 4A), attaches to both the light distributor and the associated device (FIG. 4C), or forms a part ofdevice100. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 4A and 4B, attachment means80 is fixed tolight distributor60, wherein gripping means84 are provided for attachinglight delivery system2 todevice100. Attachment means80 allowslight delivery system2 to be easily and conveniently attached to and detached from suction/blower device100. As a result,light delivery system2 is easily replaced where sterilization is required.
• In the embodiment shown inFIG. 4C, one form of attachment means80 includes engagement means82 and84 for fixinglight delivery system2 to a device. In this respect, engagement means82 are engageable withlight distributor60, while engagement means84 are engageable with a portion of the device. It should be appreciated that engagement means82 and/or engagement means84 are suitably integral withlight distributor60 and the device, respectively. However, in the case where convenient replacement oflight delivery system2 is desired (e.g., when sterilization is required) engagement means82 and/or engagement means84 will preferably provide for convenient removal oflight delivery system2 from the device. For instance, in the embodiment shown inFIGS. 4A and 4B, engagement means84 takes the form of a clamp, which allows for simple attachment and detachment oflight delivery system2 fromdevice100. It should be appreciated that engagement means82 and84 may take the form of other suitable fastening members including cables, snaps, clips, tabs, adhesives, and the like.
• Device100 includes atube70 having atip portion76.Tip portion76 is comprised of a plurality ofopenings78, which are in communication withtube70.Light emitter10 is suitably dimensioned to receivetip portion76, whenlight delivery system2 is attached to device100 (FIG. 4B). It should be noted thatlight emitter10 is suitably formed to provide diffuse light in directions transverse to the longitudinal axis ofdevice tip portion76, and to provide direct light in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal axis oftip portion76. As indicated above, the direct light provides maximum illumination on the material being suctioned or blown. At the same time, the diffuse light provides sufficient, but not over bright, illumination of the area surrounding the material being suctioned or blown. As a result, the user's vision of the material being suctioned or blown is not impaired.
• Other embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference toFIGS. 5-22, which illustrate a variety of different surgical instruments and hand tools which are used in conjunction with the light delivery system of the present invention.
• Referring now toFIG. 5A, there is shown a suction/blower device101A. Device101A is a surgical instrument typically used to remove material (e.g., fluid or tissue) from a surgeon's field of view. In this respect, device101A suctions or blows the obscuring material. Device101A is generally comprised of alight emitter110, alight distributor160 and air passageway(s)170.Light distributor160 includes a connectingmember162 dimensioned to receive amating connecting member196 fromcable194.Cable194 is connected to a light source (not shown).
• It is important to note thatlight distributor160 not only carries light tolight emitter110, but also provides a support structure for suction/blower device101A. In this respect,light distributor160 includes alight distribution member161, which is constructed of a rigid material and formed into a suitable shape for a user to conveniently hold device101A.Light distribution member161 transmits light and defines passageway(s)170. Passageway(s)170 are generally tubular hollow channels formed along the length oflight distributor160.FIGS. 5B and 5C illustrate two different embodiments forlight distributor160. Passageway(s)170 provides a conduit for air, or other gas or fluid.Light distributor160 also includes anouter layer163.Outer layer163 may take the form of a heat-shrinked film, coating or tubing.Outer layer163 provides a protective layer forlight distribution member161. Similarly, an inner layer (not shown) may line the inner surface oflight distribution member161. The outer and inner layers protect the internal light propagation from impairment (e.g., blood or other materials that can cause light loss). It should be appreciated thatlight distributor160 may be constructed of a plurality of walls of varying thickness. The walls may take the form of a film, coating or tubing. Moreover, the film, coating or tubing may extend along the full length oflight distributor160, or only along a portion thereof.
• Aconnector172 is provided to receive a mating connector from ahose174.Hose174 is connected to a vacuum generating means (not shown), where device101A is used for suction, or is connected to a blower means (not shown), where device101A is used for blowing.Light emitter110 is located at the tip end of device101A, and surrounds passageway(s)170.Light emitter110 is suitably formed to provide diffuse light in directions transverse to the longitudinal axis of device101A, and to provide direct light in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of device101A. In this way, the direct light provides maximum illumination on the material being suctioned or blown. At the same time, the diffuse light provides sufficient, but not over bright, illumination of the area surrounding the material being suctioned or blown. As a result, the user's vision of the material being suctioned or blown is not impaired.
• It should be appreciated thatlight distributor160 andlight emitter110 form an integral part of the suction/blowing device101A, and thus eliminate the need for an external lighting device mounted to the suction/blowing device, a lighting device mounted elsewhere in an operating room, or a hand held lighting device.
• FIG. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of suction/blower device101A. Suction/blower device101B is similar in many respects to suction/blower device101A; however,light emitter110 andlight distributor160 are disposable in this embodiment. In this respect, suction/blower101B is generally comprised of alight emitter110, arigid body member150, alight distributor160 having a fixedportion160A and a detachable portion160B, and atube170.Body member150 is constructed of a rigid material (e.g., plastic) and formed into a suitable shape for a user to conveniently hold device101B.Body member150 surrounds fixedportion160A oflight distributor160.Fixed portion160A includes a connectingmember162.Fixed portion160A and detachable portion160B are connected atinterface166. A hollow channel is formed along the length ofportions160A and160B to providetube170.Light emitter110 is optionally detachable fromlight distributor160 atinterface166.
• It should be appreciated that suction/blower device101B has the advantage of having adetachable light emitter110 andlight distributor160. This allows for convenient replacement of the portions of device101B which may require sterilization. As a result, only an inexpensive and small portion of device101B is disposed, thus saving the expense of replacing the entire suction/blower device101B.
• FIG. 7 illustrates another suction/blower device102.Device102 is generally comprised of alight emitter310, alight distributor360 and atube370.Light distributor360 has a connectingmember362 dimensioned to receive amating connecting member396 from cable394. Cable394 is connected to a light source (not shown). It is important to note thatlight distributor360 not only carries light tolight emitter310, but also provides a support structure for suction/blower device102. In this respect,light distributor360 is constructed of a rigid material and formed into a suitable shape for a user to conveniently holddevice102. In addition, a hollow channel is formed along the length oflight distributor360 to providetube370.Light distributor360 is preferably formed of an inexpensive plastic material.Tube370 includes aconnector372, dimensioned to receive a mating connector from ahose374.Hose374 is connected to a vacuum generating means (not shown), wheredevice102 is used for suction, or is connected to a blower means (not shown), wheredevice102 is used for blowing.Light emitter310 is located attip368 oflight distributor360, and surroundstube370.Light emitter310 is suitably formed to provide diffuse light in directions transverse to the longitudinal axis oftip368, and to provide direct light in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal axis oftip368. In this way, the direct light provides maximum illumination on the material being suctioned or blown. At the same time, the diffuse light provides sufficient, but not over bright, illumination of the area surrounding the material being suctioned or blown. As a result, the user's vision of the material being suctioned or blown is not impaired.
• It should be appreciated thatlight distributor360 is easily and conveniently attached to and detached from cable394 andhose374. As a result, light delivery system202 is easily replaced where sterilization is required.
• FIG. 8 illustrates anelectrosurgical pencil device103.Electrosurgical pencil device103 is used to destroy tissue by burning the tissue with a cauterizing tip.Device103 is generally comprised of alight emitter410, alight distributor460 and acauterizing tip470.Light distributor460 has a connectingmember462 dimensioned to receive amating connecting member496 from acable494.Cable494 is connected to a light source (not shown). It is important to note thatlight distributor460 not only conducts light tolight emitter410, but also provides a support structure fordevice103. In this respect,light distributor460 is constructed of a rigid material and formed into a suitable shape for a user to conveniently holddevice103. In addition, a channel is formed along the length oflight distributor460 to provide a passageway forelectrical conductor474.Electrical conductor474 connects to cauterizingtip470, to provide power thereto.Light emitter410 is suitably formed to provide diffuse light in directions transverse to the longitudinal axis oftip470, and to provide direct light in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal axis oftip470. In this way, the direct light provides maximum illumination on the material being cauterized. At the same time, the diffuse light provides sufficient, but not over bright, illumination of the area surrounding the material being cauterized. As a result, the user's vision of the material being cauterized is not impaired.
• Referring now toFIG. 9A, there is shown atransillumination tray104 for illuminating a bodily structure (e.g., vein, artery, finger, or small organ).Tray104 is generally comprised of alight distributor560 and alight emitter510.Light distributor560 includes a connectingmember562 dimensioned to receive amating connecting member596 from acable594.Cable594 is connected to a light source (not shown). It is important to note thatlight distributor560 not only conducts light tolight emitter510, but also provides a support base fortray104. In this respect,light distributor560 is constructed of a rigid material and formed into a suitable shape for receiving a generallyU-shaped light emitter510.Light emitter510 is shaped to receive a bodily structure, and thoroughly illuminate it. In this respect, light is emitted in all directions from the surface oflight emitter510.FIG. 9B illustrates a cross-sectional view oftray104 with a vein/artery570 located ontray104 for examination.Light emitter510 illuminates anobstruction572 in vein/artery570.
• FIGS. 10A and 10B show astabilizer device105 including the light delivery system of the present invention.Stabilizer device105 is generally comprised oflight emitters610A,610B and610C, and alight distributor660.Light distributor660 includes acentral portion670,arm portions672, and connectingmember662. Connectingmember662 is dimensioned to receive amating connecting member696 from a cable694 (such as a light pipe).Cable694 is connected to a light source (not shown). It is important to note thatlight distributor660 not only carries light tolight emitters610A,610B and610C, but also provides a support structure forstabilizer device105. In this respect,light distributor660 is constructed of a rigid material and formed into a suitable shape for a user to conveniently holddevice102.Light emitters610A,610B and610C provide different lighting conditions. In this respect,light emitter610A may include alens611 for providing direct focused light on incision work areaI. Light emitter610B is formed along the periphery defined bycentral portion670 andarm portions672.Light emitter610B provides indirect diffuse light for incision work areaI. Light emitter610C is formed along the lower edge (i.e., bottom) ofcentral portion670 andarm portions672.Light emitter610C may provide indirect diffuse light or glowing light for transillumination of a bodily structure.
• It should be appreciated that in an alternative embodiment,stabilizer device105 may be suitably arranged to attach (e.g., using a clip or other attachment means) to a metal stabilizer having the same general shape asstabilizer device105. In this regard, the strength of the material formingstabilizer device105 may not be sufficient for a particular application. Accordingly, the metal stabilizer provides the desired strength.
• Referring now toFIG. 11, there is shownretractor devices106A,106B and106C for retracting body structure T (which may include, bodily tissue, bone, organs or the like).Retractor device106A is comprised of aretractor member770A and alight delivery system702A.Retractor member770A includes ahorizontal portion772, avertical portion774, and asupport member776.Support member776 is arranged betweenhorizontal portion772 and a rigid mount (not shown).Light delivery system702A is mounted to the front face ofvertical portion774, and includes alight distributor760A and alight emitter710A.Light distributor760A bends to follow the general shape ofretractor member770A, and receives light from a light source (not shown). A suitable adhesive may be used to attachlight delivery system702A tovertical portion774.Light emitter710A provides diffuse or directional light into the work area.
• Retractor device106B is generally comprised of aretractor member770B and alight delivery system702B.Retractor member770B is a rake retractor having a plurality of prongs.Light delivery system702B includes an attachment member780B,light distributor760B, and light emitter710B. Attachment member780B has engagement means784B for attachinglight delivery system702B toretractor member770B.Light distributor760B receives light from a light source (not shown). Light emitter710B includes atop portion711B and aside portion713B. Light emitter710B provides diffuse or directional light into the work area.
• Retractor device106C is a rake retractor formed of a translucent material (e.g., plastic). Retractor device106C includeslight distributor760B and light emitter710C. Thelight distributor760B and light emitter710C form the structural member of retractor device106C.
• Referring now toFIG. 12, there is shown an illuminatedforceps107 having an integrated light delivery system.Forceps107 is generally comprised oflight distributors860 andlight emitters810. Eachlight distributor860 includes a pair ofarms870 and a pair of connectingmembers862. Connectingmembers862 connect tomating connecting members896 oflight source cables894.Cables894 connect to a light source (not shown).Light emitters810 form the gripping surfaces ofarms870, and provide focused or diffuse light. It should be appreciated thatlight emitters810 may provide light for inspection, as well as transillumination. In the case of inspection, the light is used to inspect a work area before proceeding with a further operation. With regard to transillumination, the light may be use to examine a bodily structure. For instance, a vein may be transilluminated to identify a blood clot before clamping and cutting.
• FIGS. 13 and 14 show amulti-purpose lighting device108.Device108 is generally comprised of alight delivery portion902 and ahandle portion970.Light delivery portion902 includes alight distributor960 and alight emitter910A.Handle portion970 includes acentral housing972, a connectingmember974 and anendcap976. As shown inFIG. 14,handle portion970 houses a power source950 (e.g., batteries), a light source952 (e.g., light bulb), areflector954, alight filter956 and a switch means978.Reflector954 reflects the light generated bylight source952.Light filter956 filters the reflected light before it exits through the open end of connectingmember974.Light source952 is turned on and off by switch means978. It should be noted thatendcap976 may include a contact member for completing a circuit for poweringlight source952.
• It should be appreciated that connectingmember974 is dimensioned to receive alight distributor960, as best seen inFIG. 14. Accordingly, a variety of different types oflight delivery portions902 can be used in combination withhandle portion970, whereinhandle portion970 provides a light source. For instance,light delivery portion902 may include alight emitter910A in the form of an illuminated ball (FIG. 13). The surface of the ball may be covered with cotton to form an illuminated cotton swab suitable for obtaining a culture. Alternatively,light delivery portion970 may include a light emitter901B in the form of an end light (FIG. 14), alight emitter910C in the form of an illuminated tongue depressor (FIG. 14), and alight emitter910D in the form of a transillumination tray (FIG. 14), similar totray104, described above. Through the use of a variety of attachablelight delivery portions902,device108 serves a wide range of functions. The light delivery portion or a sleeve fitting over the light delivery portion may be disposable for convenient reuse.
• It should be appreciated that the light delivery portions shown inFIG. 13 and14 are shown solely for the purpose of illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. In this respect, other types of light delivery portions, serving functions similar to those of the illustrated embodiments, are also contemplated. Moreover, it should be appreciated that the portable light source housed in the handle portion may be suitably replaced by a remote light source (e.g., seeFIG. 4A), with a light pipe for conveying the light therefrom.
• Referring now toFIG. 15A, there is shown alighting device109, which functions as a flexible and formable “trouble light.”Lighting device109 is generally comprised of alight delivery portion1002 and ahandle portion1070.Light delivery portion1002 includes alight distributor1060 and alight emitter1010.Light distributor1060 includes a connectingmember1062 for connectinglight distributor1060 to handleportion1070. It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention,light distributor1060 is flexible. As seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 15B,light distributor1060 is comprised of alight pipe member1063, a translucent or coloredouter sheath1061 and aformable wire1065.Formable wire1065 allowslight distributor1060 to be bent or positioned in a suitable manner.Light emitter1010 is detachable fromlight distributor1060 to provide a variety of multi-purpose light emitters. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 15A,light emitter1010 takes the form of a glowing tip, which is rotatable to alter the focus, size or light intensity of lighted area1004.
• Handle portion1070 is similar to handleportion970, described above. In this regard,handle portion1070 includes acentral housing1072, connectingmember1074,endcap1076, and a switch means1078.Handle portion1070 houses a light source and a power source. It should be appreciated thathandle portion1070 is suitably replaced by alight pipe1090 of conventional light source.Light pipe1090 includes acable1094 and amating connecting member1096, which mates with connectingmember1062.
• Device109 may optionally include arigid support member1050 to keeplight distributor1060 from changing positions.Support member1050 includes anarm1052 and clamp1054. Clamp1054 engages withlight distributor1060.
• Referring now toFIG. 16A, there is shown a formable “rope”lighting device1101, which is similar to the lighting device shown inFIGS. 15A and 15B.Lighting device1101 is generally comprised of alight distributor1160 andlight emitters1110.Light distributor1160 includes a connectingmember1162 for connectinglight distributor1160 to a light source (not shown). It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention,light distributor1160 is formed of a flexible optic light guide. As seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 16B, a protectiveouter sleeve1170 coverslight distributor1160.Outer sleeve1170 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. An optionalformable wire1150 extends betweenlight distributor1160 andouter sleeve1170, to permitlighting device1101 to hold its shape once bent to a suitable position.Light emitters1110 provide diffuse light D along length L, in addition to a focused beam of light B at the free end oflighting device1101. It should be noted that an optional lens may be provided at the free end oflighting device1101 to focus light B fromlight emitters1110 in a desired pattern.
• Referring now toFIG. 17, there is shown a trans-illuminating pickup orforceps1102 having an attachablelight delivery system1200. Arrows A illustrate the direction in which forceps1102 is movable.Light delivery system1200 is generally comprised of alight distributor1260 and alight emitter1210.Light distributor1260 includes connecting members (not shown) for connectinglight delivery system1200 to a light source (not shown).Light distributor1260 preferably takes the form of an optic light guide cable, which may be either rigid or flexible.Attachment members1280 connectlight distributor1260 toforceps1102. In an embodiment of the present invention, attachment members take the form of clips. Anopening1270 is formed at the tip end of one arm offorceps1102.Opening1270 is dimensioned to receivelight emitter1210.Light emitter1210 provides light along length L. It should be appreciated that asecond opening1270 may be formed in the second arm offorceps1102, in order to receive a second light emitter.
• Referring now toFIG. 18, there is shown a trans-illuminatingretractor1103 having an attachablelight delivery system1300. Arrows A illustrate the directions in which retractor1103 is movable.Light delivery system1300 is generally comprised of alight distributor1360 and alight emitter1310.Light distributor1360 includes connecting members (not shown) for connectinglight delivery system1300 to a light source (not shown).Light distributor1360 preferably takes the form of an optic light guide cable, which may be either rigid or flexible. A connector1364 is provided to connect andinterface light distributor1360 withlight emitter1310.Attachment members1380 and1388 connectlight delivery system1300 toforceps1103. In an embodiment of the present invention,attachment member1380 takes the form of a clip.Light emitter1310 extends along the inner surface of the retractor arms.
• Theretractor1103 shown inFIG. 18 includes ahandle1120 having opposite ends1121 and1122 and agripping surface1123 for contact with the hand of a user.
• Aretractor arm1125 is in the shape of an elongated blade having a planar lengthwise dimension and a generally curved cross-sectional shape as shown. Thedistal end1126 of theretractor arm1125 is connected to thehandle end1122. Extending between thedistal end1126 and theproximal end1127 of theretractor blade1125 is a blade inner surface128.
• Light emitter1310 is also in the shape of an elongated blade and extends along the length of theretractor blade1125 for illuminating the retractor blade along all or a portion of the length thereof as shown. Theretractor blade1125 also acts as a back reflector for thelight emitter blade1310, which has inner andouter surfaces1129 and1130 extending between its distal andproximal ends1131 and1132.
• Both theretractor blade1125 andlight emitter blade1310 extend at an angle with respect to thehandle1120. Thedistal end1131 of thelight emitter1310 defines an illumination input end portion to which the connector1364 is coupled to optically couple the light emitter to a light source for emission of the light from the light emitter to illuminate the retractor blade along all or a portion of the length thereof as schematically shown inFIG. 18.
• FIGS. 19A and 19B illustrate a spring-formed “rope”lighting device1104.Lighting device1104 is generally comprised of alight distributor1460 and alight emitter1410.Light distributor1460 interfaces with a self-contained miniaturelight source unit1490.Light source unit1490 includes a light source (e.g., LED, incandescent light, laser diodes or the like) and a power source (e.g., a button battery cell or the like). The miniaturization and portability oflight source unit1490 allowslighting device1104 to be arrangeable within a bodily structure, such as a body cavity. Alternatively, a remote light source may substitute for self-containedlight source unit1490. It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention,light distributor1460 is formed of a flexible optic light guide. As best seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 19B, a protectiveouter sleeve1470 coverslight distributor1460.Outer sleeve1470 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. Aspring1450 extends betweenlight distributor1460 andouter sleeve1470.Spring1450 may be formed of a material which allows it to return to its original shape after being compressed. Accordingly,spring1450 has a “memory”, which allows for advantageous use oflighting device1104, as will be described below.Light emitter1410 provides diffuse light D along length L.
• It should be appreciated that whilelighting device1104 is shown with a generally round cross-sectional area,lighting device1104 may have a cross-sectional area of other shapes, including a square and octagon.
• Lighting device1104 finds particularly advantageous use as a means for holding a cavity open during a surgical procedure. In this regard,lighting device1104 is compressed (i.e., squeezed) and inserted through an opening into a cavity (e.g., a heart chamber). When the compressive force is removed fromlighting device1104, the “memory” ofspring1450 causes the device to return to its original shape (i.e., spring open). As a result, the cavity opening is conveniently held open during further surgical procedures. It should be appreciated thatspring1450 may be suitably shaped to fit a particular application.
• FIGS. 20A and 20B illustrate asmoke evacuation tube1105 having an integratedlight delivery system1500.Light delivery system1500 is generally comprised of alight distributor1560 andlight emitters1510.Light distributor1560 includes a connectingmember1562 for connectinglight distributor1560 to a light source (not shown).Light distributor1560 is preferably formed of a flexible optic light guide. As best seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 20B, a protectiveouter sleeve1574 coverslight distributor1560.Outer sleeve1574 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. An optionalformable wire1550 extends betweenlight distributor1560 andouter sleeve1574, to allowsmoke evacuation tube1105 to hold its shape once arranged in a desired position.Light emitters1510 provide diffuse light D along length L, in addition to a beam of light B. It should be noted that an optional lens may be provided at the free end ofsmoke evacuation tube1105 to focus light B fromlight emitter1510 in a desired pattern.
• Ahollow tube1570 forms anevacuation chamber1572 for removing smoke. As best seen inFIG. 20B,hollow tube1570 surrounds and connects toouter sleeve1574.Hollow tube1570 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. It should be appreciated that in an alternative embodiment,sleeve1574 andtube1570 are suitably arranged adjacent to each other.
• FIGS. 21A and 21B illustrate asuction tube1106 having an integratedlight delivery system1600.Light delivery system1600 is generally comprised of alight distributor1660 andlight emitters1610.Light distributor1660 includes a connectingmember1662 for connectinglight distributor1660 to a light source (not shown).Light distributor1660 is preferably formed of a flexible optic light guide. As best seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 21B, a protectiveouter sleeve1674 coverslight distributor1660.Outer sleeve1674 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. An optionalformable wire1650 extends betweenlight distributor1660 andouter sleeve1674, to permitsuction tube1106 to hold its shape once arranged in a desired position.Light emitters1610 provide diffuse light D along length L, in addition to a focused beam of light B. It should be noted that an optional lens may be provided at the free end ofsuction tube1106 to focus light B fromlight emitter1610 in a desired pattern. Ahollow tube1670 forms asuction chamber1672 for suctioning smoke and other materials. Anozzle1676 is formed at the free end ofhollow tube1670. As best seen inFIG. 21B,hollow tube1670 is arranged adjacent and connected toouter sleeve1674.Hollow tube1670 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material.
• FIGS. 22A and 22B illustrate asuction tube1107 having an attachable light delivery system1700. Light delivery system1700 is generally comprised of alight distributor1760 andlight emitters1710.Light distributor1760 includes a connectingmember1762 for connectinglight distributor1660 to a light source (not shown).Light distributor1760 is preferably formed of a flexible optic light guide. As best seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 22B, a protectiveouter sleeve1774 coverslight distributor1760.Outer sleeve1774 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. An optionalformable wire1750 extends betweenlight distributor1760 andouter sleeve1774, to permitsuction tube1107 to hold its shape once arranged in a desired position.Light emitters1710 provide diffuse light D along length L, in addition to a beam of light B. It should be noted that an optional lens may be provided at the free end ofsuction tube1107 to focus light B fromlight emitter1710 in a desired pattern.
• Ahollow tube1770 forms asuction chamber1772 for suctioning smoke and other materials. Anozzle1776 is formed at the free end ofhollow tube1670.Hollow tube1770 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material.Attachment members1780 connecthollow tube1770 toouter sleeve1774. In one embodiment,attachment member1780 takes the form of a clip having a pair of gripping members respectively dimensioned to receivehollow tube1770 and sleeve1774 (FIG. 22A). However, it should be appreciated thatattachment member1780 may take other suitable forms.
• Referring now toFIG. 23A, there is shown a ring-shaped “rope”lighting device1108.Lighting device1108 is generally comprised of alight distributor1860 andlight emitters1810.Light distributor1860 includes a connectingmember1862 for connectinglight distributor1860 to a light source (not shown). It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention,light distributor1860 is formed of a flexible optic light guide. As seen in the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 23B, a protectiveouter sleeve1870 coverslight distributor1860.Outer sleeve1870 is preferably formed of a translucent or transparent material. A custom-formedspring temper wire1850 extends betweenlight distributor1860 andouter sleeve1870.Wire1850 may be compressed and will return to its original shape.Light emitter1810 provides light along lengthL. A fastener1880 is provided to holdlighting device1108 in a desired shape.Fastener1880 may take many suitable forms, including a mechanical fastener or adhesive (e.g., glue). Asecondary wire1852 is provided along a portion oflight distributor1860.Wire1852 may be malleable or spring temper.Tabs1882hold lighting device1108 in a desired location, and can also be used to retract tissue during a surgical procedure. In one embodiment,tabs1882 take the form of adhesive tape.
• As indicated above, a protective outer sleeve may cover a light transmitting member (e.g., light distributor or light emitter). The purpose of this protective cover is to prevent (1) contaminants (such as blood, body tissue, dirt, oil, grease, paint, etc.); (2) other components (such as adhesive pads, labels, hooks, etc.); or (3) any other material or structure that can cause attenuation, from directly contacting the light transmitting member and preventing proper operation thereof. In this regard, the protective cover allows light to pass through the light transmitting member with minimal disturbance to internal reflection of light traveling therethrough. When contaminants or components are in direct contact with the light transmitting member, they interfere with the proper internal reflection within the light transmitting member. In particular, the angle of reflection of light traveling through the light transmitting member is changed. In the case where there is no air gap, or virtually no air gap between the contaminant/components and the surface of the light transmitting member, optical energy of the light propagating through the light transmitting member (e.g., originating from a 300 Watt light source) is absorbed by the contaminant. As a result, the temperature of the contaminant will increase, possibly to an undesirable level.
• It should be noted that the term “cover” as used herein refers to materials providing a film, skin, boundary layer, coating, and the like. Specific examples of suitable materials are discussed below.
• Referring now toFIGS. 24A-24D, there is shown a first exemplary embodiment of the protective cover.Protective cover2400 surrounds a light transmitting member2410 (e.g., a flexible or rigid light pipe). As best seen inFIGS. 24B-24D, an air interface orgap2408 is maintained betweenlight transmitting member2410 andcover2400. It should be appreciated that the air interface or gap may be microscopic (e.g., a couple of microns) to avoid interference with internal reflection. In this regard, reflections occur at the interface of light transmittingmember2410 andair gap2408.Cover2400 may be applied tolight transmitting member2410 in a variety of suitable ways, including but not limited to molding, vacuum forming, heat shrinking, and the like.
• FIGS. 25A-25D illustrate another embodiment of the protective cover.Protective cover2500 is generally comprised of afirst cover portion2500A and asecond cover portion2500B, which surroundlight transmitting member2510. As best seen inFIGS. 25B-25D, an air interface orgap2508 is maintained betweenlight transmitting member2510 andcover2500.Cover portions2500A and2500B are bonded together atinterface2502 to form a unitary protective cover2500 (FIG. 25C). For instance, glue, a heat seal, or the like are suitable for bonding thecover portions2500A,2500B.
• In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 26A-26D, the cover takes the form of acoating2600 that is applied to the surface of light transmittingmember2610.Coating2600 provides an appropriate index of refraction to maintain a desired internal reflection. Thecoating2600 may take many suitable forms, including but not limited to optical coatings with an appropriate index of refraction, and Teflon®. It will be appreciated that in this embodiment there is no air interface or gap.
• The protective cover may be comprised of materials taking a number of suitable forms, including but not limited to glass, plastic, shrink film (e.g., Reynolon® shrink film packaging), thin-wall PVC heat shrinkable tubing, metal (e.g., aluminum), cardboard, and the like. The wall thickness of the shrinkable tubing is typically in the range of 0.0002 inches to 0.012 inches. Suitable shrinkable tubing is available from Advance Polymers, Incorporated and RJI International Corporation. Where a heat shrinkable tubing is used, the tubing is fit over the light transmitting member and heat is applied, to shrink the tubing around the light transmitting member.
• It should be appreciated that the protective cover may be formed of a translucent, transparent, opaque, or reflective material, or combinations thereof. Thus, a lighting device may include a protective cover that allows some portions of the light transmitting member to emit light or “glow”, while preventing other portions of the light transmitting member from emitting light or “glowing”. For example, the protective cover may be suitably configured with an opaque section corresponding to one side of a light transmitting member, and with a transparent or translucent section corresponding to the other side of the light transmitting member. In addition, a reflective material may be used as a back-deflector to reflect light as it is traveling through the light transmitting member. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the protective cover may be formed of a material which diffuses light passing therethrough. The protective covering may be formed of a material that is generally rigid or generally flexible. Some materials may have a “memory”, so that when the protective cover is manually bent and then released, it does not retain its deformed state. Other materials may not have a “memory” and thus will not spring back to theiroriginal shape10 after deformation. It should be noted that materials lacking a memory can be effectively used as a means for positioning and supporting a generally flexible light transmitting member.
• Referring now toFIGS. 27A and 27B, there is shown aprotective cover2700 according to another embodiment of the present invention, as applied to alight transmitting member2710.Protective cover2700 has a generally tubular shape, and includes anouter surface2702 and aninner surface2704. In addition,protective cover2700 has aclosed end2705 and anopen end2706, with acentral body portion2707 extending therebetween.Closed end2705 covers the distal end of light transmittingmember2710.Open end2706 is dimensioned to receive aconnector member2720, which is described below. An air interface orgap2708 is maintained betweenprotective cover2700 andlight transmitting member2710.
• In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 27A and 27B,light transmitting member2710 takes the form of a “light rod” which emits light at the distal end of the light transmitting member. In this respect, light emitters form a part of thelight transmitting member2710, along a portion of the distal end, to emit light in a manner appropriate for a particular application.
• Connector member2720 is attached to light transmittingmember2710, and provides aninterface2722 for attachingprotective cover2700.Interface2722 includes a generallycylindrical engagement wall2724 and acircular flange2726. In an embodiment, the outer surface ofengagement wall2724 mates withinner surface2704 ofprotective cover2700. For instance, mating threads may be formed on the outer surface ofengagement wall2724 andinner surface2704. Alternatively, the outer diameter ofengagement wall2724 may be dimensioned to press-fit withinprotective cover2700.Circular flange2726 acts as a stop to prevent over-tightening ofconnector member2720 withinprotective cover2700. In this respect, the front surface ofcircular flange2726 engages with the front surface ofopen end2706 ofprotective cover2700.
• Protective cover2700, in cooperation withconnector member2720, seals a portion of light transmittingmember2710 from contact with contaminants. In an embodiment, the portion of thelight transmitting member2710 protected from contaminants will include a portion that emits light on a work area, and is the portion most likely to make contact with contaminants.Protective cover2700, in combination withconnector member2720, encloses a portion of light transmittingmember2710.
• FIGS. 28A and 28B show aprotective cover2800 that surrounds alight transmitting member2810, and takes the same form asprotective cover2700. In this regard,protective cover2800 has a generally tubular shape, and includes anouter surface2802 and aninner surface2804. In addition,protective cover2800 has a closed end2805 and anopen end2806, with acentral body portion2807 extending therebetween. Closed end2805 covers the distal end of light transmittingmember2810.Open end2806 is dimensioned to receive aconnector member2820, which is described below. An air interface orgap2808 is maintained betweenprotective cover2800 andlight transmitting member2810.
• In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 28A and 28B,light transmitting member2810 also takes the form of a “light rod” which emits light at a distal end thereof.
• Connector member2820 is attached to light transmittingmember2810, and provides aninterface2822 for attachingprotective cover2800.Interface2822 includes a generallycylindrical engagement wall2824 and a circular flange2826. In an embodiment, the outer surface ofengagement wall2824 mates withinner surface2804 ofprotective cover2800. Circular flange2826 acts as a stop to prevent over-tightening ofconnector member2820 withinprotective cover2800. In this respect, the front surface of circular flange2826 engages with the front surface ofopen end2806 ofprotective cover2800.
• In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 28A and 28B, anattachment member2850 attaches anaccessory device2860 to the lighting device.Attachment member2850 can take a variety of suitable forms, including adhesive tape, Velcro fasteners, clips, hooks, tabs, clamps, snaps and the like. Moreover, it should be understood thatattachment member2850 may be an integral part ofprotective cover2800. In this regard,protective cover2850 may suitably include molded clips, hooks, tabs or the like, for attachment of an accessory device.Accessory device2860 can also take a variety of suitable forms, including a medical instrument. InFIGS. 28A and 28B,accessory device2860 takes the form of a retractor blade.
• Sinceattachment member2850 is separated from light transmittingmember2810 byprotective cover2800 and air interface orgap2808, it does not interfere (or minimizes interference) with the propagation of light throughlight transmitting member2810 via internal reflection. Consequently,attachment member2850 does not cause the same problems that are caused by contaminants in direct contact with light transmittingmember2810.
• FIGS. 29A and 29B show aprotective cover2900 that is similar in many respects toprotective covers2700 and2800, described above.Protective cover2900 surrounds alight transmitting member2910. In this regard,protective cover2900 has a generally tubular shape, and includes anouter surface2902 and aninner surface2904. In addition,protective cover2900 has a closed end2905 and anopen end2906, with acentral body portion2907 extending therebetween. Closed end2905 covers the distal end of light transmittingmember2910, and includes an optional lens L for focusing the light emitted therethrough in a desired pattern.Open end2906 is dimensioned to receive aconnector member2920, which is described below. An air interface orgap2908 is maintained betweenprotective cover2900 andlight transmitting member2910.
• In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 29A and 29B,light transmitting member2910 also takes the form of a formable rope light which emits light at the distal end thereof.Light transmitting member2910 is generally flexible. Accordingly, a malleable wire W is provided to hold the shape of light transmittingmember2910 in a desired orientation. Sincelight transmitting member2910 is generally flexible,protective cover2900 is also formed of a flexible material in this embodiment of the invention. For instance,protective cover2900 may be formed of a flexible PVC material, which will flex along with light transmittingmember2910.
• Connector member2920 is bonded to light transmittingmember2910, and provides aninterface2922 for attachingprotective cover2900.Interface2922 includes a generallycylindrical engagement wall2924 and acircular flange2926. In an embodiment, the outer surface ofengagement wall2924 mates withinner surface2904 ofprotective cover2900.Circular flange2926 acts as a stop to prevent over-tightening ofconnector member2920 withinprotective cover2900. In this respect, the front surface ofcircular flange2926 engages with the front surface ofopen end2906 ofprotective cover2900.
• Referring now toFIGS. 30A and 30B, there is shown aprotective cover3000 that surrounds alight transmitting member3010, and takes a form similar toprotective covers2700,280O and2900. In this regard,protective cover3000 has a generally tubular shape, and includes anouter surface3002 and aninner surface3004. In addition,protective cover3000 has a closed end3005 and an open end3006, with acentral body portion3007 extending therebetween. Closed end3005 covers the distal end of light transmittingmember3010. Open end3006 is dimensioned to receive aconnector member3020, which is described below. An air interface orgap3008 is maintained betweenprotective cover3000 andlight transmitting member3010.
• In the embodiment shown inFIGS. 30A and 30B,light transmitting member3010 takes the form of a generally rigid “ring light” which emits light at a distal end thereof.
• Connector member3020 is attached to light transmittingmember3010, and provides an interface3022 for attachingprotective cover3000. Interface3022 includes a generallycircular engagement wall3024. In an embodiment, the inner surface ofengagement wall3024 mates withouter surface3002 ofprotective cover3000.
• Referring now toFIG. 31, there is shown an illuminatedsurgical retractor3100 having an attachablelight delivery system3102.Retractor3100 may include a pair ofretractor arms3104,3106 pivotally connected together at theirdistal ends3108,3110. Attached to their distal ends arerespective handle portions3112,3114 which when moved toward one another, cause theretractor arms3104,3106 to move in the direction of the arrows A. Each handle portion may include agripping surface3116,3118 intermediate its ends for gripping by the hand of a user.
• Retractor arms3104,3106 may be in the shape of elongated blade portions each having proximal ends3120,3122 remote from their distal ends and from their handle portions. Extending between the distal and proximal ends of each retractor blade is a bladeinner surface3124,3126.
• Light delivery system3102 is generally comprised of alight distributor3130 and alight emitter3132.Light distributor3130 may take the form of an optical light guide cable.
• Thedistal end3134 oflight distributor3130 may be removably connected by connectingmember3136 tohousing3138 integral with one of thehandle portions3112,3114.Housing3138 may contain alight source3140 which preferably comprises a solid-state light source (e.g., a light emitting diode (LED) including an organic light emitting diode (OLED) and a polymer light emitting diode (PLED)) but may also comprise an incandescent lamp or halogen lamp if desired.
• Housing3138 may be made of metal or other suitable heat conductive material to provide a heat sink forlight source3140 which may be thermally coupled to the housing by providing contact between the housing and one of the light source leads3142,3144 and also with thebody3146 of the light source as schematically shown inFIG. 31.
• Apower source3148, which may be a battery or fuel cell that is replaceable or rechargeable, may also be housed withinhousing3138. The light source leads3142,3144 may be connected to a printedcircuit board3150 withinhousing3138 which may act as an interface betweenlight source3140 andpower source3148.
• Light emitter3132 may either be a flexible or rigid transparent light guide, and may have a gradient pattern of printed dots or light extracting deformities on at least one surface thereof for causing light to be emitted from at least a portion of the light guide in the manner previously described in connection with other disclosed embodiments.Light emitter3132 may also be in the shape of an elongated blade extending along the length of one of theretractor blades3104 for illuminating theretractor blade3104 along all or a portion of the length thereof. The light extracting deformities may also be arranged to direct light away from a user's eyes and toward a viewing area in proximity of theretractor blade3104.
• Both theretractor blade3104 andlight emitter blade3132 may extend at an angle with respect to the associatedhandle portion3112. The connectingmember3136 oflight distributor3130 defines an illumination input end portion which may be optically coupled tolight source3140 for optically coupling thelight emitter3132 to the light source.
• Retractor blade3104 may also act as a back reflector forlight emitter blade3132 which has inner andouter surfaces3152,3154 extending between its distal andproximal ends3156 and3158. A slot oropening3160 may be provided in theproximal end3162 ofretractor blade3104 for sliding receipt of theproximal end3120 oflight emitter3132. It should be appreciated that a second slot or opening may also be formed in the tip of theother retractor blade3106 in order to receive a second light emitter if desired.
• FIGS. 32 and 33 show other illuminatedsurgical retractors3200 having an attachablelight delivery system3102 similar to the light delivery system shown inFIG. 31. However, in these embodiments, theretractor3200 only includes oneelongated retractor blade3202. Extending at an acute angle from thedistal end3204 ofretractor blade3202 is anend mount3206.End mount3206 may be used to removably attachretractor blade3202 to a handle portion orother support3208 which may have a mountingpost3210 protruding therefrom as shown inFIG. 32.
• Extending between the distal andproximal ends3204 and3212 ofretractor blade3202 is a bladeinner surface3214. An angled orhooked tip3216 may be provided at theproximal end3212 ofretractor blade3202 for retaining or gripping tissue.Tip3216 may also haveserrations3218 as shown.
• Light delivery system3102 is generally comprised oflight distributor3130 andlight emitter3132.Light distributor3130 may take the form of an optical light guide cable having itsdistal end3134 removably attached to one end ofsupport3208 which may houselight source3140 for directing light into thelight distributor3130 in the manner previously described.Support3208 may also provide a heat sink forlight source3140 in a manner similar to that shown inFIG. 31, and may house apower source3148 such as a battery or fuel cell that is replaceable or rechargeable. Alternativelylight source3140 may be powered by providing theretractor3200 with apower cord3220 as schematically shown inFIG. 33 for plugging into an electrical outlet (not shown). In either case, theleads3142 and3144 oflight source3140 may be connected to a printedcircuit board3150 withinsupport3208 which may act as an interface between the light source and the power source.
• Connectingmember3136 oflight distributor3130 defines an illumination input end portion which may be optically coupled tolight source3140 for supplying light from the light source tolight emitter3132.Light emitter3132 may also be in the shape of an elongated blade extending along the length ofretractor blade3202, and may either be a flexible or rigid transparent light guide. A gradient pattern of printed dots or light extracting deformities may be provided on at least one surface oflight emitter3132 for causing light to be emitted from at least a portion thereof for illuminatingretractor blade3202 along all or a portion of the length thereof. Also the light extracting deformities may be arranged to direct light away from a user's eyes and toward a viewing area in proximity of the retractor blade.
• Retractor blade3202 may act as a back reflector forlight emitter blade3132 which has inner andouter surfaces3152 and3154 extending between its distal andproximal ends3156 and3158. Suitable attachment members such asclips3222 may be used to removably attachlight emitter blade3132 toretractor blade3202.
• FIG. 34 shows another illuminatedsurgical retractor3300 including a pair ofopposed retractor blades3302 and3304 having a ratchet or otherrod type connection3306 therebetween for allowing the retractor blades to be moved in the direction of the arrows A upon turning aknob3308 or the like. One or bothretractor blades3302 and3304 may be illuminated by alight delivery system3102 similar to the type previously described, including alight distributor3130 having an illuminationinput end portion3134 that is optically coupled to alight source3140 and alight emitter3132 that may either be a flexible or rigid transparent light guide and may have a gradient pattern of printed dots or light extracting deformities on at least one surface thereof for causing light to be emitted from at least a portion of the length thereof.Light emitter3132 may be in the shape of an elongated blade extending along the length of one of theretractor blades3302 for illuminatingretractor blade3302 along all or a portion of the length thereof. Also the light extracting deformities may be arranged to direct light away from a user's eyes and toward a viewing area in proximity of the retractor blade.
• Light source3140 may be contained within ametal housing3310 that provides a heat sink forlight source3140 by providing contact betweenhousing3310 and one of the light source leads and with the body of the light source in the manner previously described. Apower source3148 such as a battery or fuel cell that is replaceable or rechargeable may be provided for powering the light source.
• FIG. 35 shows an illuminatedsurgical retractor3100 similar to that shown inFIG. 31 having an attachablelight delivery system3400.Light delivery system3400 differs from the light delivery systems shown inFIGS. 31-34 in that it comprises an array oflights3140, preferably LEDs, attached to asupport3404 in the shape of an elongated blade that extends along the length of one of theretractor blades3104 for illuminatingretractor blade3104 along all or a portion of the length thereof.
• Light supportingblade3404 may, for example, be a fiberglass printed circuit board (PCB) having a copper cladding that acts as a heat sink forlights3140. Asuitable attachment3160 such as clips or a slot or opening may be provided at theproximal end3120 ofretractor blade3104 for sliding receipt of the proximal end3406 of light supportingblade3404. It should be appreciated that a second light supporting blade with its own array of lights (LEDs) may also be suitably attached to theother retractor blade3106.
• Asuitable power source3148, which may be a battery or fuel cell that is replaceable or rechargeable, may be housed in ahousing3138 integral with one of thehandle portions3112,3114 for powering the array oflights3140 through asuitable power cord3408. One end ofpower cord3408 may be connected topower source3148 and the other end may be removably coupled to light supportingblade3404 to permitlight delivery system3400 to be removed or replaced as desired.
• FIGS. 36 and 37 show illuminatedsurgical retractors3200 similar to those shown inFIGS. 32 and 33 havinglight delivery systems3500 and3600.Light delivery systems3500 and3600 comprise an array oflights3140, preferably LEDs, which may be attached to asupport3504 in the shape of an elongated blade that extends along the length ofretractor blade3202 as shown inFIG. 36 or attached directly to theretractor blade3202 as shown inFIG. 37 for illuminating the retractor blade along all or a portion of the length thereof.
• Thelight supporting blade3504 shown inFIG. 36 may, for example, be a fiberglass PCB having a copper cladding,that acts as a heat sink forlights3140. Also, suitable attachment members such asclips3222 may be provided along the length ofretractor blade3202 for removably attaching light supportingblade3504 toretractor blade3202. Where thelights3140 are attached directly toretractor blade3202 as shown inFIG. 37, the retractor blade itself may act as a heat sink for the lights.
• In either case, thelights3140 may be oriented along light supportingblade3504 orretractor blade3202 in any desired direction for directing the light away from the user's eyes and toward a viewing area in proximity toretractor blade3202.
• Asuitable power source3148, which may be a battery or fuel cell that is replaceable or rechargeable, may be housed in handle portion orother support3208 ofretractor3200 for powering the array oflights3140 through apower cord3408 suitably coupled to thelight supporting blade3504 ofFIG. 36 or to a wire harness (not shown) inside theretractor blade3202 ofFIG. 37.
• The invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments. Various modifications and alterations will occur to others upon a reading and understanding of this specification. In this regard, it should be appreciated that the present application discloses numerous exemplary embodiments of the present invention for the purpose of illustrating the present invention. It is contemplated that the various features shown in each embodiment may be combined in a plurality of ways to form further embodiments of the present invention. It is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (19)

1. An illuminated surgical retractor comprising a handle portion, an elongated blade portion having one end connected to said handle portion and another end remote from said handle portion, and an array of lights along at least a portion of a length of said blade portion for illuminating said blade portion.

2. The retractor ofclaim 1 further comprising a heat sink to which said lights are thermally coupled.

3. The retractor ofclaim 2 wherein said heat sink includes said blade portion.

4. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said lights are attached directly to said blade portion.

5. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said lights are attached to a support extending along the length of said blade portion.

6. The retractor ofclaim 5 wherein said support is in the shape of a blade.

7. The retractor ofclaim 5 wherein said support is a printed circuit.

8. The retractor ofclaim 5 wherein said support is disposable, further comprising an attachment member for removably attaching said support to said blade portion.

9. The retractor ofclaim 8 wherein said attachment member includes at least one clip.

10. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said lights are powered by an integral power source.

11. The retractor ofclaim 10 wherein said power source comprises at least one of a battery and a fuel cell contained within said handle portion.

12. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said lights are oriented along the length of said blade portion for directing light away from a user's eyes and toward a viewing area in proximity to said blade portion.

13. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said handle portion includes a mounting post.

14. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said lights comprise light emitting diodes.

15. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said blade portion is flexible.

16. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said blade portion is rigid.

17. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said array of lights illuminate said blade portion along substantially the entire length thereof.

18. The retractor ofclaim 1 wherein said blade portion includes an angled tip for retaining or gripping tissue.

19. The retractor ofclaim 18 wherein said tip is serrated.

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