US20050155817A1 - Muffler for internal combustion motor vehicles - Google Patents
Muffler for internal combustion motor vehiclesDownload PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050155817A1 US20050155817A1US11/036,634US3663405AUS2005155817A1US 20050155817 A1US20050155817 A1US 20050155817A1US 3663405 AUS3663405 AUS 3663405AUS 2005155817 A1US2005155817 A1US 2005155817A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- muffler
- accordance
- ridges
- housing
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/10—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling in combination with sound-absorbing materials
Definitions
- the inventionconcerns mufflers for motor vehicles with internal combustion engines, which comprise at least a muffler housing, an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, and possibly internal walls and/or pipes.
- the muffler housingis provided with irregularly arranged ridges computed by an FEM computer program.
- the acoustic requirementsmust be coordinated with the spatial situation in the engine compartment or under the chassis.
- the spatial situationin particular results in muffler housings with an oval to cubically flat cross section.
- the sheet metal parts of the muffler housingare provided with impressions. Compare, for example, DE 197 46 553 A, EP 0 324 891 A, BE 653 635 A, JP 49129034 A, JP 07259531 A, or U.S. Pat. No.
- the computer program“Optistruct” computes the impressions in the housing surface that result in the highest possible resonance frequency.
- the impressions in the housing surface that have been computed in this waycan be designated as irregularly bounded, irregularly positioned, and irregularly elevated ridges.
- this ridge patternis also known as “cow-spot design.”
- the term “Kassel ridge”is also used.
- the object of the present inventionis to provide a muffler of the aforementioned type, whose sound radiation from the surface of the muffler housing is minimized, but which can be produced with much simpler and less expensive tools.
- a mufflerhaving a muffler housing, an intake pipe attached to the housing, an exhaust pipe attached to the housing, and selectively internal walls and/or pipes.
- the muffler housinghas irregularly arranged ridges computed by an FEM computer program. The ridges are regularly bounded, simple geometric figures.
- the muffler housinghas a lowest resonance frequency at least equal to a dominant excitation frequency of the internal combustion engine over the engine's entire RPM range.
- the present inventionis based on the predetermined task of minimizing the sound radiation from the surface of the housing by means of a computer optimization program, such that, however, the ridge pattern is limited to simple geometric shapes that can be produced essentially by the standardized metal machining methods of turning and milling.
- These simple geometric shapesare preferably circles and circular rings, segments of circles and circular rings, and polygons, especially rectangles. These shapes are dimensioned and positioned by the computer optimization program in such a way that the lowest resonance frequency over the entire rpm range of the internal combustion engine is above its dominant excitation frequency by the greatest possible amount, so that the sound radiation of the surface of the housing is minimized.
- the ridgescan also penetrate each other.
- the ridgescan also be formed as letters or characters of any desired character set, e.g., Latin, Arabic, Japanese, etc., characters, Egyptian hieroglyphs, etc. Numerals and special symbols have also been found to be suitable. However, these characters cannot be confused with serial numbers, manufacturer's marks, etc., that are customarily applied, since these are not irregularly arranged.
- the muffler housingis produced from only one layer of sheet metal.
- Conventional mufflersuse double layers of sheet metal to reduce the radiation of solid-borne sound by means of the friction between the pieces of sheet metal.
- the wall thickness of the sheet metalcan be significantly reduced, namely, down to 0.7 mm, without an unacceptable rise in the radiation of solid-borne sound.
- the muffler housingconsists of two shells or is wound from one piece of sheet metal.
- FIG. 1shows a first muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation
- FIG. 2shows measured values of a before-after comparison for an optimized muffler
- FIG. 3shows a second muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation
- FIG. 4shows a third muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation.
- FIG. 1shows a first exhaust muffler for an internal combustion motor vehicle.
- the housing 1has an externally flat, cubic cross section.
- the exhaust gasesenter the housing 1 through an intake pipe 2 and leave it through an exhaust pipe 3 .
- Partitions and internal pipes of types which in themselves are already well knownare provided inside the housing 1 . Their position and stiffness affect the resonance frequencies of the housing 1 .
- An optimized ridge patternis impressed in the surface of the muffler housing to reduce the high level of sound radiation from the surface of the housing caused by the large and only slightly curved sheet metal surfaces.
- This ridge patternconsists of regularly bounded, simple geometric figures.
- the drawingshows circular rings 4 , segments of circular rings 5 , rectangles 6 and trapezoids 7 .
- the two rectangular ridges 6partially penetrate each other to form a T-shaped structure.
- FIG. 2shows the result of the acoustic optimization measures in a before-after comparison.
- the optimized curve(broken line) is as much as 10 dB below the initial curve (solid line).
- FIG. 3shows another muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation by virtue of a shift of the resonance frequencies to higher values.
- Exclusively circles 8 of equal sizeare present as ridges. This makes it possible for the deep-drawing and stamping tools to be especially simple.
- the parallel rectangular ridges 9serve the purpose of holding partitions in the interior of the housing 1 .
- FIG. 4shows a third example of a muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation.
- the ridge patternconsists of “letters” and “numerals” of a character set, which have been irregularly positioned by an FEM program in such a way that the lowest resonance frequency is above the dominant excitation frequency of the internal combustion engine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention concerns mufflers for motor vehicles with internal combustion engines, which comprise at least a muffler housing, an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, and possibly internal walls and/or pipes. The muffler housing is provided with irregularly arranged ridges computed by an FEM computer program.
- In designing the geometry of a muffler for motor vehicles, whether it is an intake muffler or a rear muffler, the acoustic requirements must be coordinated with the spatial situation in the engine compartment or under the chassis. The spatial situation in particular results in muffler housings with an oval to cubically flat cross section. To prevent the free vibration of large-area sheet metal parts of the muffler housing and the unimpeded radiation of sound, especially low-frequency sound, from these parts, the sheet metal parts of the muffler housing are provided with impressions. Compare, for example, DE 197 46 553 A,
EP 0 324 891 A, BE 653 635 A, JP 49129034 A, JP 07259531 A, or U.S. Pat. No. 2,835,336. The impressions in the muffler housing sheet metal that are described in these documents were determined essentially empirically. Although this made it possible to achieve a certain amount of reduction in the sound radiation from the surface of the muffler housing, the results were not optimal. - The German journal “ATZ und MTZ”, Special Edition October 2003, pp. 39-40, describes a topography optimization for the rear muffler of an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, which was performed with the use of the computer program “Optistruct”, which is sold by the US company Altair Engineering. This computer program, which is based on the finite-element method (FEM), is able to automatically optimize a sheet metal surface in such a way that the lowest resonance frequency becomes as high as possible. The higher the resonance frequency is, the lower the subjectively and objectively perceived noise is.
- Starting from the predetermined shape and size of the muffler housing, the computer program “Optistruct” computes the impressions in the housing surface that result in the highest possible resonance frequency. The impressions in the housing surface that have been computed in this way can be designated as irregularly bounded, irregularly positioned, and irregularly elevated ridges.
- Due to its similarity to the spots on the hide of a cow, this ridge pattern is also known as “cow-spot design.” The term “Kassel ridge” is also used.
- Although the acoustic results of the ridge patterns determined with these kinds of computer optimization programs are outstanding, the deep-drawing dies needed to create them are also complicated and expensive, since simple machining methods cannot be used to produce the irregularly bounded and irregularly elevated male and female dies. This is unsatisfactory.
- The object of the present invention is to provide a muffler of the aforementioned type, whose sound radiation from the surface of the muffler housing is minimized, but which can be produced with much simpler and less expensive tools.
- This goal is achieved by a muffler having a muffler housing, an intake pipe attached to the housing, an exhaust pipe attached to the housing, and selectively internal walls and/or pipes. The muffler housing has irregularly arranged ridges computed by an FEM computer program. The ridges are regularly bounded, simple geometric figures. The muffler housing has a lowest resonance frequency at least equal to a dominant excitation frequency of the internal combustion engine over the engine's entire RPM range.
- The present invention is based on the predetermined task of minimizing the sound radiation from the surface of the housing by means of a computer optimization program, such that, however, the ridge pattern is limited to simple geometric shapes that can be produced essentially by the standardized metal machining methods of turning and milling.
- These simple geometric shapes are preferably circles and circular rings, segments of circles and circular rings, and polygons, especially rectangles. These shapes are dimensioned and positioned by the computer optimization program in such a way that the lowest resonance frequency over the entire rpm range of the internal combustion engine is above its dominant excitation frequency by the greatest possible amount, so that the sound radiation of the surface of the housing is minimized.
- Comparisons between mufflers in accordance with the invention and mufflers with the so-called cow spot design have shown, surprisingly, that the acoustic differences are barely measurable. However, the production costs are quite different.
- In accordance with an advantageous refinement of the invention, the ridges can also penetrate each other.
- Surprisingly, it was found that the ridges can also be formed as letters or characters of any desired character set, e.g., Latin, Arabic, Japanese, etc., characters, Egyptian hieroglyphs, etc. Numerals and special symbols have also been found to be suitable. However, these characters cannot be confused with serial numbers, manufacturer's marks, etc., that are customarily applied, since these are not irregularly arranged.
- It is also possible to position the ridges in series.
- According to another embodiment of the invention, the muffler housing is produced from only one layer of sheet metal. Conventional mufflers use double layers of sheet metal to reduce the radiation of solid-borne sound by means of the friction between the pieces of sheet metal.
- Surprisingly, it was also found that the wall thickness of the sheet metal can be significantly reduced, namely, down to 0.7 mm, without an unacceptable rise in the radiation of solid-borne sound. In this regard, it doesn't matter whether the muffler housing consists of two shells or is wound from one piece of sheet metal.
- Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
- The invention is explained in greater detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a first muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation;FIG. 2 shows measured values of a before-after comparison for an optimized muffler;FIG. 3 shows a second muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation; andFIG. 4 shows a third muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation.FIG. 1 shows a first exhaust muffler for an internal combustion motor vehicle. Thehousing 1 has an externally flat, cubic cross section. The exhaust gases enter thehousing 1 through anintake pipe 2 and leave it through anexhaust pipe 3. Partitions and internal pipes of types which in themselves are already well known are provided inside thehousing 1. Their position and stiffness affect the resonance frequencies of thehousing 1.- An optimized ridge pattern is impressed in the surface of the muffler housing to reduce the high level of sound radiation from the surface of the housing caused by the large and only slightly curved sheet metal surfaces. This ridge pattern consists of regularly bounded, simple geometric figures. The drawing shows
circular rings 4, segments ofcircular rings 5,rectangles 6 andtrapezoids 7. The tworectangular ridges 6 partially penetrate each other to form a T-shaped structure. FIG. 2 shows the result of the acoustic optimization measures in a before-after comparison. The optimized curve (broken line) is as much as 10 dB below the initial curve (solid line).FIG. 3 shows another muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation by virtue of a shift of the resonance frequencies to higher values. Exclusivelycircles 8 of equal size are present as ridges. This makes it possible for the deep-drawing and stamping tools to be especially simple. The parallelrectangular ridges 9 serve the purpose of holding partitions in the interior of thehousing 1.FIG. 4 shows a third example of a muffler that has been optimized for minimal sound radiation. The ridge pattern consists of “letters” and “numerals” of a character set, which have been irregularly positioned by an FEM program in such a way that the lowest resonance frequency is above the dominant excitation frequency of the internal combustion engine.- Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments thereof, many other variations and modifications and other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is preferred, therefore, that the present invention be limited not by the specific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A muffler for an internal combustion motor vehicle, comprising:
a muffler housing;
an intake pipe attached to the housing; and
an exhaust pipe attached to the housing, the muffler housing having irregularly arranged ridges computed by an FEM computer program, the ridges being regularly bounded, simple geometric figures, the muffler housing further having a lowest resonance frequency at least equal to a dominant excitation frequency of the internal combustion engine over the engine's entire rpm range.
2. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , and further comprising at least one of the group consisting of internal walls and internal pipes.
3. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the ridges are uniformly elevated.
4. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the geometric figures of ridges are formed as at least one of the group consisting of circles, circular segments, circular rings, and circular ring segments.
5. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the ridges are formed as polygons.
6. The muffler in accordance withclaim 5 , wherein the ridges are formed as rectangles.
7. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the ridges are formed as characters of any desired character sets.
8. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein at least two of the ridges penetrate one another.
9. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein at least two of the ridges are arranged in series.
10. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the ridges are at least partially elevated.
11. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the muffler housing has a single layer wall.
12. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the muffler housing has a wall with a thickness of less than 1 mm.
13. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the muffler housing has a wall consisting of two shells.
14. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein the muffler housing has a wall wound from one piece of sheet metal.
15. The muffler in accordance withclaim 1 , wherein parallel rectangular ridges are provided as mounts for a partition.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202004000659.6 | 2004-01-17 | ||
| DE202004000659UDE202004000659U1 (en) | 2004-01-17 | 2004-01-17 | Silencers for motor vehicles with internal combustion engines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20050155817A1true US20050155817A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
Family
ID=32115810
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/036,634AbandonedUS20050155817A1 (en) | 2004-01-17 | 2005-01-14 | Muffler for internal combustion motor vehicles |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050155817A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005201269A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100697796B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100398788C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE202004000659U1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100012421A1 (en)* | 2006-05-24 | 2010-01-21 | Emcon Technologies Germany (Augsburg) Gmbh | Housing For A Component of An Exhaust System, and Such a Component |
| US20100170744A1 (en)* | 2007-06-08 | 2010-07-08 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Motor vehicle exhaust line silencer |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101499212B1 (en)* | 2009-11-16 | 2015-03-05 | 현대자동차주식회사 | End plate structure of automobile silencer |
| DE102010020826B4 (en)* | 2010-05-18 | 2013-06-06 | Tenneco Gmbh | Exhaust silencer for internal combustion engines and thermoforming tool for this and method for producing such a silencer |
| CN113700538A (en)* | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-26 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Decorate tail pipe and car tail pipe |
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- 2005-01-11JPJP2005003780Apatent/JP2005201269A/enactivePending
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- 2005-01-17CNCNB2005100045535Apatent/CN100398788C/ennot_activeExpired - Fee Related
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100012421A1 (en)* | 2006-05-24 | 2010-01-21 | Emcon Technologies Germany (Augsburg) Gmbh | Housing For A Component of An Exhaust System, and Such a Component |
| US20100170744A1 (en)* | 2007-06-08 | 2010-07-08 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Motor vehicle exhaust line silencer |
| US7992677B2 (en)* | 2007-06-08 | 2011-08-09 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Motor vehicle exhaust line silencer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1641190A (en) | 2005-07-20 |
| CN100398788C (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| DE102005000992A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| JP2005201269A (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| KR20050075730A (en) | 2005-07-21 |
| DE202004000659U1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
| KR100697796B1 (en) | 2007-03-20 |
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