US20050154457A1 - Intraocular implants - Google Patents

Abstract

An artificial vision system including a sealed capsule adapted for intraocular placement upstream of a retina, an electronic display located within the sealed capsule and focusing optics located within the sealed capsule and arranged for focusing an image on the electronic display onto the retina.

Description

REFERENCE TO CO-PENDING APPLICATIONS
• Applicant hereby makes reference to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/321,793, filed Dec. 17, 2002, entitled “INTRAOCULAR IMPLANTS”.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention relates to ocular implants generally and more particularly to intraocular implants and techniques for implanting thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• The following U.S. Patents of the present inventor are believed to represent the current state of the art:
• • U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,814,103; 5,876,442; 5,928,283; 6,007,579 and 6,066,171.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention seeks to provide an artificial vision system.
• There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention an artificial vision system including a sealed capsule adapted for intraocular placement upstream of a retina, an electronic display located within the sealed capsule and focusing optics located within the sealed capsule and arranged for focusing an image on the electronic display onto the retina.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the electronic display includes an LCD display.
• In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the artificial vision system also includes electronic circuitry located within the sealed capsule for operating the electronic display, the electronic circuitry being located outside an optical path defined between the electronic display and the focusing optics. Additionally, the electronic circuitry includes a wireless data receiver operative to receive image data for display on the electronic display. Alternatively, the electronic circuitry includes a wireless energy receiver for wirelessly receiving electrical energy for operating the electronic display.
• In accordance with still another preferred embodiment the artificial vision system also includes wireless image transmission functionality operative to transmit the image data to the wireless data receiver. Preferably, the wireless image transmission functionality includes at least one of RF and IR image transmission functionality.
• In accordance with yet a further preferred embodiment of the present invention the electronic circuitry includes an electrical power source for providing electrical energy for operating the electronic display. Additionally, the power source for providing electrical energy for operating the electronic display is a rechargeable power source. Alternatively, the power source for providing electrical energy for operating the electronic display is a wirelessly rechargeable power source. Additionally or alternatively, the power source for providing electrical energy for operating the electronic display is rechargeable using at least one of ultrasonic, electromagnetic and photovoltaic power source.
• In accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention the artificial vision system also includes an image acquirer for acquiring an image to be displayed on the electronic display. Additionally, the image acquirer is mounted onto eyeglasses.
• Preferably, the focusing optics includes a single lens. Alternatively, the focusing optics includes multiple lenses.
• There is also provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method for providing artificial vision including implanting a sealed capsule in a user's eye upstream of a retina, the sealed capsule incorporating an electronic display and focusing optics for focusing an image on the electronic display onto the retina, acquiring image data and transmitting the image data to the electronic display for display thereon.
• Preferably, the transmitting includes wireless transmission to electronic circuitry located within the sealed capsule for operating the electronic display.
• Additionally, the method for providing artificial vision also includes wirelessly transmitting electrical energy for operating the electronic display to a location inside the capsule.
• There is further provided in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention an intraocular implant, for placement upstream of a retina, including a telescope body defining an optical path for light to pass therethrough, at least one first lens and at least one second lens enclosed in the telescope body, positioning means, for positioning at least one of the lenses along its optical axis relative to another at least one of the lenses, operative to focus objects located at multiple distances onto the retina and mounting structure connected to the telescope body for mounting the implant in an eye.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment the positioning means includes a range finder. Alternatively, the positioning means includes a focus resolver. In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the positioning means is responsive to a user input.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment the positioning means includes a mounting for at least one of the lenses, at least one magnet and at least one electromagnetic coil, interacting with the at least one magnet.
• In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment the positioning means is responsive to an input from an input device external to the telescope body.
• There is also provided in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention an intraocular implant system for use in an environment wherein at least one positive lens is located outside the lens capsule of an eye, the system including a sealed capsule including at least one negative lens cooperating with the at least one positive lens to define a Galilean telescope and at least one air bubble.
• In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the at least one positive lens is produced by reshaping of the cornea.
• There is further provided in accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention an intraocular implant system including a sealed capsule, including at least one negative lens and at least one air bubble, and at least one positive lens located outside the sealed capsule.
• In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the at least one positive lens includes an eyeglass lens. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one positive lens includes a contact lens. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one positive lens includes a lens implanted in an eye. Additionally, the implanted lens includes an air capsule.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment, an external wall of the sealed capsule includes the at least one negative lens.
• There is also provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention an intraocular implant system for use in an environment wherein at least one negative lens is located outside the lens capsule of an eye, the system including a sealed capsule including at least one positive lens cooperating with the at least one negative lens to define a Galilean telescope and at least one air bubble.
• In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment the at least one negative lens is produced by reshaping of the cornea.
• There is yet further provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention an intraocular implant system including a sealed capsule, including at least one positive lens and at least one air bubble, and at least one negative lens located outside the sealed capsule.
• In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention the at least one negative lens includes an eyeglass lens. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one negative lens includes a contact lens. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one negative lens includes a lens implanted in an eye. Additionally, the implanted lens includes an air capsule.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment, an external wall of the sealed capsule includes the at least one positive lens.
• There is also provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of improving vision including implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina, the sealed capsule including an electronic display and focusing optics and employing the electronic display and focusing optics for focusing an image appearing on the electronic display onto the retina.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes employing a wireless data receiver operative to receive image data and displaying the image data on the electronic display. Additionally or alternatively, the method also includes employing a wireless energy receiver for wirelessly receiving electrical energy for operating the electronic display. In accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes wirelessly transmitting the image data to the wireless data receiver. Preferably, the wirelessly transmitting includes at least one of RF and IR image transmitting.
• In accordance with still another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes employing an electrical power source for providing electrical energy for operating the electronic display.
• In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes acquiring an image to be displayed on the electronic display. Additionally, the acquiring includes mounting an image acquirer onto eyeglasses.
• There is further provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of improving vision including providing an intraocular implant including a telescope body defining an optical path for light to pass therethrough, at least one first lens and at least one second lens enclosed in the telescope body, positioning means for positioning at least one of the lenses along its optical axis relative to another at least one of the lenses, operative to focus objects located at multiple distances onto the retina and implanting the implant upstream of a retina in an eye.
• In accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes providing an input to the positioning means and positioning the at least one of the lenses in response to the input. Additionally, the providing an input includes providing an input from an input device external to the telescope body.
• There is further provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of improving vision including providing at least one negative lens located outside the lens capsule of an eye and implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in the eye, the sealed capsule including at least one air bubble and at least one positive lens cooperating with the at least one negative lens to define a Galilean telescope. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes reshaping the cornea of the eye to produce the at least one negative lens.
• There is still further provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of improving vision including implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in an eye, the sealed capsule including at least one positive lens and at least one air bubble and providing at least one negative lens located outside the sealed capsule.
• There is further provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of improving vision including providing at least one positive lens located outside the lens capsule of an eye and implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in the eye, the sealed capsule including at least one air bubble and at least one negative lens cooperating with the at least one positive lens to define a Galilean telescope. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the method also includes reshaping the cornea of the eye to produce the at least one positive lens.
• There is still further provided in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention a method of improving vision including implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in an eye, the sealed capsule including at least one negative lens and at least one air bubble and providing at least one positive lens located outside the sealed capsule.
• In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the providing includes providing an eyeglass lens. Alternatively or additionally, the providing includes providing a contact lens. Additionally or alternatively, the providing includes implanting a lens in the eye. In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention the implanting a lens includes implanting a lens including an air capsule.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The present invention will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:
• FIG. 1 is a simplified pictorial illustration of an artificial vision system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
• FIG. 2 is a simplified exploded view pictorial illustration of an implant forming part of the system ofFIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a simplified partially sectional side view illustration of the implant ofFIG. 2;
• FIGS. 4A and 4B are simplified illustrations of the use of a variable focal length lens arrangement in the implant system ofFIGS. 1-3;
• FIG. 5 is a simplified exploded view pictorial illustration of an implant forming part of the system ofFIGS. 4A & 4B;
• FIG. 6 is a simplified partially sectional side view illustration of the implant ofFIG. 5;
• FIGS. 7A-7G are simplified sectional illustrations showing alternative implementations of an intraocular lens system employing a sealed capsule arranged for implantation in an eye and including at least one negative lens and at least one air bubble and at least one positive lens located outside of the sealed capsule;
• FIG. 7H is a simplified sectional illustration showing another alternative implementation of an intraocular lens system employing a sealed capsule arranged for implantation in an eye and including at least one negative lens and at least one air bubble for use in cooperation with a positive lens formed by reshaping of the cornea;
• FIG. 8 is a simplified side view sectional illustration of an intraocular lens system of the type shown inFIGS. 7A-7H constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention;
• FIGS. 9A-9D are simplified side view illustrations of four examples of implanted sealed capsules of the type employed in the systems ofFIGS. 7A-8;
• FIGS. 10A-10G are simplified sectional illustrations showing alternative implementations of an intraocular lens system employing a sealed capsule arranged for implantation in an eye and including at least one positive lens and at least one air bubble and at least one negative lens located outside of the sealed capsule;
• FIG. 10H is a simplified sectional illustration showing another alternative implementation of an intraocular lens system employing a sealed capsule arranged for implantation in an eye and including at least one positive lens and at least one air bubble for use in cooperation with a negative lens formed by reshaping of the cornea;
• FIG. 11 is a simplified side view sectional illustration of an intraocular lens system of the type shown inFIGS. 10A-10H constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention; and
• FIGS. 12A-12D are simplified side view illustrations of four examples of implanted sealed capsules of the type employed in the systems ofFIGS. 10A-11.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
• Reference is now made toFIG. 1, which is a simplified pictorial illustration of an artificial vision system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As seen inFIG. 1, there is provided an artificial vision system including a real time imaging device, such as a CCD camera. The illustrated embodiment includes both implanted and external imaging devices for the purposes for illustration, it being understood that typically either implanted or external imaging devices will be employed, although both could be used together.
• In the illustrated embodiment ofFIG. 1, at least one and preferably plural external imaging devices, here designated byreference numeral100, are typically mounted on a pair ofeyeglasses102, as shown. Theexternal imaging devices100 view a scene, preferably in stereo. The image information captured by theexternal imaging devices100 is transmitted wirelessly, preferably by conventional IR or RF techniques, toelectronic circuitry104 located within a sealedcapsule106 adapted for intraocular placement upstream of a retina. Theelectronic circuitry104 is operative to display the captured image as seen by theexternal imaging devices100 in real time on anelectronic display108, such as a backlit or self-illuminated LCD display.
• Focusing optics, typically in the form of alens assembly110, in the sealedcapsule106, are operative to image the displayed image onto the retina of a user.
• Alternatively or additionally, an implanted imaging device, here designated byreference numeral112, is located on an outer surface of or interior of each sealedcapsule106. Theinternal imaging devices112 view a scene, preferably in stereo. The image information captured by theinternal imaging devices100 is transmitted in a wired or wireless manner, such as by conventional IR or RF techniques, toelectronic circuitry104 located within sealedcapsule106 adapted for intraocular placement upstream of a retina. Theelectronic circuitry104 is operative to display the captured image as seen by theinternal imaging devices112 in real time onelectronic display108, such as a backlit or self-illuminated LCD display. Focusing optics, preferablylens assembly110, in the sealedcapsule106, are operative to image the displayed image onto the retina of a user.
• It is noted that theelectronic circuitry104 is located outside an optical path defined between theelectronic display108 and said focusingoptics110.
• It is appreciated that, in addition to transmitting an image of a scene,external imaging devices100 orinternal imaging devices112 may be operative to transmit any other suitable digital information, such as a video image, viaelectronic circuitry104 toelectronic display108.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 2 and 3, which illustrate some details of the implantable sealedcapsule106 which is shown implanted in a user inFIG. 1. The sealedcapsule106 is defined by anintraocular implant housing120 having mountinghaptics122 and defining a generallycylindrical capsule body124. Hermetically sealed tocapsule body124 are afront sealing plate125 and aback sealing plate126. Back sealingplate126 is transparent. Aninternal imaging device112 is shown mounted on an outside surface offront sealing plate125. Capsules of this type are described in applicants' U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/678,559, filed Oct. 3, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/222,330, filed Dec. 29, 1998 and entitled ““TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, subsequently abandoned, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/721,916, filed Nov. 27, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
• Preferably disposed within sealedcapsule106 is an electronic circuit and display assembly, here designated byreference numeral130.Assembly130 preferably includes electronic display108 (FIG. 1) which is coupled to electronic circuitry104 (FIG. 1), preferably including a wireless receiver forimage data Display108 is arranged to lie generally parallel tofront sealing plate125, whileelectronic circuitry104 is preferably embodied on aflexible circuit board132 which is arranged to lie in a cylindrical configuration, peripherally of the optical path betweendisplay108 and back sealingplate126, so as not to interfere with the optical pathway between thedisplay108, focusing optics110 (FIG. 1), here shown as alens134, and the user's retina. It is appreciated that even though the embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 2 and 3 shows asingle lens134, focusingoptics110 may also comprise multiple lenses as shown in the embodiment ofFIG. 1.
• In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, theelectronic circuitry104 also includes a wireless energy receiver such as a resonant circuit (not shown) and energy storage facilities, such as a rechargeable miniature battery or capacitor (not shown) for wirelessly receiving and storing electrical energy for operating the electrical circuitry and the electronic display.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 1, an electrical power source (not shown) external to a user's body, such as a battery mounted ineyeglasses102, and a suitable energy transmitter, such as a resonant circuit, may be used to transmit operating power toelectronic circuit104 inside sealedcapsule106. Any suitable electrical power source, such as an ultrasonic, electromagnetic and photovoltaic power source, may alternatively be employed interiorly or exteriorly of the capsule.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 4A and 4B, which are simplified illustrations of the use of a variable focal length lens arrangement, usable in the implant system ofFIGS. 1-3, as well as in other intraocular implant systems. As seen inFIGS. 4A and 4B, there is provided an intraocular implant system which includesvariable focus optics200 located within a sealedcapsule202 implanted within the eye of a user.
• From a consideration ofFIGS. 4A and 4B, it can be seen that the relative positioning of at least twolenses204 and206 withinvariable focus optics200 is variable, preferably in response to an electrical control input, so as to correctly focus onto objects at differing distances.
• The relative positioning is preferably produced by an electric displacer, such as a piezoelectric device or a rotary electric motor in response to a wirelessly received viewed object distance indicating input, which may be provided by a conventional range finder or focus resolver, such as employed in conventional automatic focus cameras. Alternatively, a user input may be provided.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 5 and 6, which illustrate some details of the implantable sealedcapsule202 shown implanted in a user inFIGS. 4A and 4B. The sealedcapsule202 is defined by anintraocular implant housing220 having mountinghaptics222 and defining a generallycylindrical capsule body224. Hermetically sealed tocapsule body224 are afront sealing plate225 and aback sealing plate226.Front sealing plate225 and back sealingplate226 are transparent. An internalrange finding device212 is shown mounted on an outside surface offront sealing plate225. Capsules of this type are described in applicants' U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/678,559, filed Oct. 3, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/222,330, filed Dec. 29, 1998 and entitled ““TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, subsequently abandoned, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/721,916, filed Nov. 27, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
• An electronic circuit and focus control assembly, here designated byreference numeral230, is preferably disposed within sealedcapsule202.Assembly230 preferably includeselectronic circuitry234, preferably including a wireless receiver for receiving ranging information.Electronic circuitry234 is preferably embodied on aflexible circuit board236 which is arranged to lie in a cylindrical configuration, peripherally of the optical path throughcapsule202 via back sealingplate226, so as not to interfere with the optical pathway between the viewed scene, viavariable focusing optics240, and the user's retina.
• In the illustrated embodiment, thevariable focusing optics240 comprise a fixedlens242 and avariable position lens244 which is selectably positionable along its optical axis with respect to fixedlens242, thus varying the focal length of the variable focusingoptics240.
• In the illustrated embodiment, a threaded mounting246 is provided forlens244, and at least onepermanent magnet250, and at least oneelectromagnetic coil252 interacting therewith, is preferably provided for selectably threadinglens244 in threaded mounting246, thus varying its separation fromlens242, in response to control signals fromelectronic circuitry234, thereby providing appropriate focusing on a distant viewed object.
• It is appreciated that any other suitable mechanism for selectable mutual displacement oflenses242 and244 may be employed.
• In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, theelectronic circuitry234 also includes a wireless energy receiver such as a resonant circuit (not shown) and energy storage facilities, such as a rechargeable miniature battery or capacitor (not shown) for wirelessly receiving and storing electrical energy for operating theelectrical circuitry234 and theelectromagnetic coil252.
• In one embodiment of the invention, an electrical power source (not shown) external to a user's body, such as a battery mounted in eyeglasses, and a suitable range finder and energy transmitter, such as a resonant circuit, may be used to transmit operating power toelectronic circuit234 inside sealedcapsule202. Any suitable electrical power source, such as an ultrasonic, electromagnetic and photovoltaic power source, may alternatively be employed interiorly or exteriorly of the capsule.
• It is appreciated that even though the illustrated embodiment comprises two lenses, any suitable configuration of two or more lenses may also be employed.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 7A-7G, which are simplified sectional illustrations showing examples of various alternative implementations of an intraocular lens system employing a sealedcapsule300 implanted in the lens capsule of an eye and including at least onenegative lens302 and at least oneair bubble304 and at least one positive lens located outside of the sealed capsule.
• FIG. 7A shows an embodiment where the positive lens is acontact lens306. In the embodiment ofFIG. 7B, the positive lens is aneyeglass lens308.FIG. 7C illustrates an embodiment where the positive lens is alens310 implanted in the eye.FIG. 7C showslens310 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens310 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.
• FIG. 7D shows an embodiment where two lenses are provided, acontact lens312 and an eyeglass less314. In the embodiment ofFIG. 7E, two lenses are provided, acontact lens316 and alens318 implanted in the eye.FIG. 7E showslens318 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens318 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.FIG. 7F illustrates an embodiment where the two lenses are aneyeglass lens320 and alens322 implanted in the eye.FIG. 7F showslens322 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens322 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.
• FIG. 7G shows an embodiment where three lenses are employed,contact lens324,eyeglass lens326 and alens328 implanted in the eye.FIG. 7G showslens328 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens328 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.
• Reference is now made toFIG. 7H, which is identical toFIG. 7A, wherein refractive surgery is employed to change the curvature of thecornea330, as shown by dottedlines332, thereby obviating the need for lens306 (FIG. 7A).
• Reference is now made toFIG. 8, which is a simplified side view sectional illustration of an intraocular lens system of the type shown inFIGS. 7A-7H, constructed and operative in accordance with an additional embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, apositive lens350 is implanted in the eye.FIG. 8 showslens350 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens350 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule. In the embodiment ofFIG. 8,positive lens350 preferably includes anair capsule352 to provide higher clarity focusing.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 9A-9D, which are simplified side view illustrations of four examples of implanted sealed capsules of the type employed in the systems ofFIGS. 7A-8. It is seen that each of the capsules includes a sealedcapsule body360 and associated mountinghaptics362. Capsules of this type are described in applicants' U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/678,559, filed Oct. 3, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application 09/222,330, filed Dec. 29, 1998 and entitled ““TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, subsequently abandoned, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/721,916, filed Nov. 27, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Disposed within the capsule is anegative lens364.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 9A, asingle air bubble368 is disposed rearward ofnegative lens364.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 9B, a single air bubble370 is disposed forward ofnegative lens364.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 9C, air bubbles380 are disposed forward and rearward ofnegative lens364.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 9D, in addition to air bubbles390 disposed forward and rearward ofnegative lens364, apositive lens394 is also disposed rearward ofnegative lens364.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 10A-10G, which are simplified sectional illustrations showing examples of alternative implementations of an intraocular lens system employing a sealedcapsule400 implanted in a lens capsule of an eye and including at least onepositive lens402 and at least oneair bubble404 and at least one negative lens located outside of the sealed capsule. The intraocular lens system ofFIGS. 10A-10G is particularly suitable for treatment of tunnel vision.
• FIG. 10A shows an embodiment where the negative lens is acontact lens406. In the embodiment ofFIG. 10B, the negative lens is aneyeglass lens408.FIG. 10C illustrates an embodiment where the negative lens is alens410 implanted in the eye.FIG. 10C showslens410 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens410 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.
• FIG. 10D shows an embodiment where two lenses are provided, a contact lens412 and an eyeglass less414. In the embodiment ofFIG. 10E, two lenses are provided, acontact lens416 and alens418 implanted in the eye.FIG. 10E showslens418 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens418 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.FIG. 10F illustrates an embodiment where the two lenses are aneyeglass lens420 and alens422 implanted in the eye.FIG. 10F showslens422 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens422 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.
• FIG. 10G shows an embodiment where three lenses are employed,contact lens424,eyeglass lens426 and alens428 implanted in the eye.FIG. 10G showslens428 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens428 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule.
• Reference is now made toFIG. 10H, which is identical toFIG. 10A, wherein refractive surgery is employed to change the curvature of thecornea430, as shown by dottedlines432, thereby obviating the need for negative lens406 (FIG. 10A).
• Reference is now made toFIG. 11, which is a simplified side view sectional illustration of an intraocular lens system of the type shown inFIGS. 10A-10H, constructed and operative in accordance with an additional embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, anegative lens450 is implanted in the eye.FIG. 11 showslens450 implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, it being appreciated that alternativelylens450 may be implanted in the posterior chamber between the iris and the lens capsule. In the embodiment ofFIG. 11,lens450 includes anair capsule452 to provide higher clarity focusing.
• Reference is now made toFIGS. 12A-12D, which are simplified side view illustrations of four examples of implanted sealed capsules of the type employed in the systems ofFIGS. 10A-11. It is seen that each of the capsules includes a sealedcapsule body460 and associated mountinghaptics462. Capsules of this type are described in applicants' U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/678,559, filed Oct. 3, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/222,330, filed Dec. 29, 1998 and entitled ““TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, subsequently abandoned, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/721,916, filed Nov. 27, 2000 and entitled “TELESCOPIC INTRAOCULAR LENS”, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Disposed within the capsule is apositive lens464.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 12A, asingle air bubble468 is disposed rearward ofpositive lens464.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 12B, asingle air bubble470 is disposed forward ofpositive lens464.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 12C, air bubbles480 are disposed forward and rearward ofpositive lens464.
• In the embodiment ofFIG. 12D, in addition to air bubbles490 disposed forward and rearward ofnegative lens464, anegative lens494 is also disposed rearward ofpositive lens464.
• It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention includes both combinations and subcombinations of the various features described hereinabove as well as modifications and variations thereof as would occur to a person of skill in the art upon reading the foregoing specification and which are not in the prior art.

Claims (83)

1. An artificial vision system comprising:

a sealed capsule adapted for intraocular placement upstream of a retina;

an electronic display located within said sealed capsule; and

focusing optics located within said sealed capsule and arranged for focusing an image on said electronic display onto the retina.

2. An artificial vision system according toclaim 1 and wherein said electronic display comprises an LCD display.

3. An artificial vision system according toclaim 1 and also comprising electronic circuitry located within said sealed capsule for operating said electronic display, said electronic circuitry being located outside an optical path defined between said electronic display and said focusing optics.

4. An artificial vision system according toclaim 3 and wherein said electronic circuitry comprises a wireless data receiver operative to receive image data for display on said electronic display.

5. An artificial vision system according toclaim 3 and wherein said electronic circuitry comprises a wireless energy receiver for wirelessly receiving electrical energy for operating said electronic display.

6. An artificial vision system according toclaim 4 and also comprising wireless image transmission functionality operative to transmit said image data to said wireless data receiver.

7. An artificial vision system according toclaim 6 and wherein said wireless image transmission functionality includes at least one of RF and IR image transmission functionality.

8. An artificial vision system according toclaim 3 and wherein said electronic circuitry comprises an electrical power source for providing electrical energy for operating said electronic display.

9. An artificial vision system according toclaim 8 and wherein said power source for providing electrical energy for operating said electronic display is a rechargeable power source.

10. An artificial vision system according toclaim 8 and wherein said power source for providing electrical energy for operating said electronic display is a wirelessly rechargeable power source.

11. An artificial vision system according toclaim 9 and wherein said power source for providing electrical energy for operating said electronic display is rechargeable using at least one of ultrasonic, electromagnetic and photovoltaic power source.

12. An artificial vision system according toclaim 1 and also comprising an image acquirer for acquiring an image to be displayed on said electronic display.

13. An artificial vision system according toclaim 12 and wherein said image acquirer is mounted onto eyeglasses.

14. An artificial vision system according toclaim 1 and wherein said focusing optics comprises a single lens.

15. An artificial vision system according toclaim 1 and wherein said focusing optics comprises multiple lenses.

16. A method for providing artificial vision comprising:

implanting a sealed capsule in a user's eye upstream of a retina, said sealed capsule incorporating an electronic display and focusing optics for focusing an image on said electronic display onto the retina;

acquiring image data; and

transmitting said image data to said electronic display for display thereon.

17. A method for providing artificial vision according toclaim 16 and wherein said transmitting comprises wireless transmission to electronic circuitry located within said sealed capsule for operating said electronic display.

18. A method for providing artificial vision according toclaim 16 and also comprising wirelessly transmitting electrical energy for operating said electronic display to a location inside said capsule.

19. An intraocular implant, for placement upstream of a retina, comprising:

a telescope body defining an optical path for light to pass therethrough;

at least one first lens and at least one second lens enclosed in said telescope body;

positioning means, for positioning at least one of said lenses along its optical axis relative to another at least one of said lenses, operative to focus objects located at multiple distances onto the retina; and

mounting structure connected to said telescope body for mounting said implant in an eye.

20. An intraocular implant according toclaim 19 and wherein said positioning means comprises a range finder.

21. An intraocular implant according toclaim 19 and wherein said positioning means comprises a focus resolver.

22. An intraocular implant according toclaim 19 and wherein said positioning means is responsive to a user input.

23. An intraocular implant according toclaim 19 and wherein said positioning means comprises:

a mounting for at least one of said lenses;

at least one magnet; and

at least one electromagnetic coil, interacting with said at least one magnet.

24. An intraocular implant according toclaim 19 and wherein said positioning means is responsive to an input from an input device external to said telescope body.

25. An intraocular implant system comprising:

a sealed capsule comprising:

at least one negative lens; and

at least one air bubble; and

at least one positive lens located outside said sealed capsule.

26. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 25 and wherein said at least one positive lens comprises an eyeglass lens.

27. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 25 and wherein said at least one positive lens comprises a contact lens.

28. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 25 and wherein said at least one positive lens comprises a lens implanted in an eye.

29. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 28 and wherein said implanted lens comprises an air capsule.

30. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 25 and wherein an external wall of said sealed capsule comprises said at least one negative lens.

31. An intraocular implant system comprising:

a sealed capsule comprising:

at least one positive lens; and

at least one air bubble; and

at least one negative lens located outside said sealed capsule.

32. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 31 and wherein said at least one negative lens comprises an eyeglass lens.

33. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 31 and wherein said at least one negative lens comprises a contact lens.

34. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 31 and wherein said at least one negative lens comprises a lens implanted in an eye.

35. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 34 and wherein said implanted lens comprises an air capsule.

36. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 31 and wherein an external wall of said sealed capsule comprises said at least one positive lens.

37. An intraocular implant system for use in an environment wherein at least one negative lens is located outside the lens capsule of an eye, the system including a sealed capsule comprising:

at least one positive lens cooperating with said at least one negative lens to define a Galilean telescope; and

at least one air bubble.

38. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 37 and wherein said at least one negative lens is produced by reshaping of the cornea.

39. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 37 and wherein said at least one negative lens comprises an eyeglass lens.

40. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 37 and wherein said at least one negative lens comprises a contact lens.

41. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 37 and wherein said at least one negative lens comprises a lens implanted in an eye.

42. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 41 and wherein said implanted lens comprises an air capsule.

43. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 37 and wherein an external wall of said sealed capsule comprises said at least one positive lens.

44. An intraocular implant system for use in an environment wherein at least one positive lens is located outside the lens capsule of an eye, the system including a sealed capsule comprising:

at least one negative lens cooperating with said at least one positive lens to define a Galilean telescope; and

at least one air bubble.

45. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 44 and wherein said at least one positive lens is produced by reshaping of the cornea.

46. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 44 and wherein said at least one positive lens comprises an eyeglass lens.

47. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 44 and wherein said at least one positive lens comprises a contact lens.

48. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 44 and wherein said at least one positive lens comprises a lens implanted in an eye.

49. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 48 and wherein said implanted lens comprises an air capsule.

50. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 44 and wherein an external wall of said sealed capsule comprises said at least one negative lens.

51. A method of improving vision comprising:

implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina, said sealed capsule including an electronic display and focusing optics; and

employing said electronic display and focusing optics for focusing an image appearing on said electronic display onto the retina.

52. A method according toclaim 51 and also comprising:

employing a wireless data receiver operative to receive image data; and

displaying said image data on said electronic display.

53. A method according toclaim 51 and also comprising employing a wireless energy receiver for wirelessly receiving electrical energy for operating said electronic display.

54. A method according toclaim 52 and also comprising wirelessly transmitting said image data to said wireless data receiver.

55. A method according toclaim 54 and wherein said wirelessly transmitting includes wirelessly transmitting using at least one of RF and IR image transmission functionality.

56. A method according toclaim 51 and also comprising employing an electrical power source for providing electrical energy for operating said electronic display.

57. A method according toclaim 51 and also comprising acquiring an image to be displayed on said electronic display.

58. A method according toclaim 57 and wherein said acquiring includes acquiring employing an image acquirer mounted onto eyeglasses.

59. A method of improving vision comprising:

providing an intraocular implant including a telescope body defining an optical path for light to pass therethrough, at least one first lens and at least one second lens enclosed in said telescope body, positioning means for positioning at least one of said lenses along its optical axis relative to another at least one of said lenses, operative to focus objects located at multiple distances onto a retina of an eye; and

implanting said implant upstream of said retina.

60. A method according toclaim 59 and also comprising:

providing an input to said positioning means; and

positioning said at least one of said lenses in response to said input.

61. A method according toclaim 60 and wherein said providing an input comprises providing an input from an input device external to said telescope body.

62. A method of improving vision comprising:

implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in an eye, said sealed capsule including at least one negative lens and at least one air bubble; and

providing at least one positive lens located outside said sealed capsule.

63. A method according toclaim 62 and wherein said providing comprises providing an eyeglass lens.

64. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 62 and wherein said providing comprises providing a contact lens.

65. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 62 and wherein said providing comprises implanting a lens in said eye.

66. A method according toclaim 65 and wherein said implanting a lens comprises implanting a lens including an air capsule.

67. A method of improving vision comprising:

implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in an eye, said sealed capsule including at least one positive lens and at least one air bubble; and

providing at least one negative lens located outside said sealed capsule.

68. A method according toclaim 67 and wherein said wherein said providing comprises providing an eyeglass lens.

69. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 67 and wherein said providing comprises providing a contact lens.

70. An intraocular implant system according toclaim 67 and wherein said providing comprises implanting a lens in said eye.

71. A method according toclaim 67 and wherein said implanting a lens comprises implanting a lens including an air capsule.

72. A method of improving vision comprising:

providing at least one negative lens located outside the lens capsule of an eye; and

implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in said eye, said sealed capsule including at least one air bubble and at least one positive lens cooperating with said at least one negative lens to define a Galilean telescope.

73. A method according toclaim 72 and also comprising reshaping the cornea of said eye to produce said at least one negative lens.

74. A method according toclaim 72 and wherein said providing comprises providing an eyeglass lens.

75. A method according toclaim 72 and wherein said providing comprises providing a contact lens.

76. A method according toclaim 72 and wherein said providing comprises implanting a lens in said eye.

77. A method according toclaim 72 and wherein said implanting a lens comprises implanting a lens including an air capsule.

78. A method of improving vision comprising:

providing at least one positive lens located outside the lens capsule of an eye; and

implanting a sealed capsule upstream of a retina in said eye, said sealed capsule including at least one air bubble and at least one negative lens cooperating with said at least one positive lens to define a Galilean telescope.

79. A method according toclaim 78 and also comprising reshaping the cornea of said eye to produce said at least one positive lens.

80. A method according toclaim 78 and wherein said providing comprises providing an eyeglass lens.

81. A method according toclaim 78 and wherein said providing comprises providing a contact lens.

82. A method according toclaim 78 and wherein said providing comprises implanting a lens in said eye.

83. A method according toclaim 78 and wherein said implanting a lens comprises implanting a lens including an air capsule.

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