US20050039872A1 - High torque capacity wet paper friction member - Google Patents
High torque capacity wet paper friction memberDownload PDFInfo
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- US20050039872A1 US20050039872A1US10/838,861US83886104AUS2005039872A1US 20050039872 A1US20050039872 A1US 20050039872A1US 83886104 AUS83886104 AUS 83886104AUS 2005039872 A1US2005039872 A1US 2005039872A1
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- Prior art keywords
- phenol resin
- friction member
- modified phenol
- pulp
- wet paper
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Images
Classifications
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
- Y10T428/24405—Polymer or resin [e.g., natural or synthetic rubber, etc.]
Definitions
- the present inventionrelates to a wet or wet-tpype paper friction member used in a clutch and brake component of an automatic transmission of a vehicle.
- a wet paper friction memberis produced by dispersing a mixture of a fiber base material such as pulp and a friction modifier in water and forming a paper body; making it dry and thereafter, impregnating it with thermosetting resin; heating and curing it; and then forming it with pressure.
- the functions of a wet paper friction memberare influenced by a blend of the fiber base material, a filler and the friction modifier etc. which are main components of the paper body, and impregnated thermosetting resin. Therefore, choice and blending amount of materials have been researched for improvement of a wet paper friction member according to its use.
- a friction modifierhas an important role in influencing porosity and surface configuration of a friction member; and fiber ingredient affects porosity and flexibility of the friction member and thus, has an influence on friction property and heat resistance, and mechanical strength.
- Phenol resin which is used mainly as a binderhas an influence not only on mechanical strength of a friction member but also on frictional coefficient as well as velocity dependence of the frictional coefficient. Particularly, since frictional coefficient in the low velocity range which is referred to as ‘torque capacity’ is highly influenced by resin, the research has been made using various oil-based materials or modified materials.
- Patent Document 1discloses a wet paper friction member which is produced by blending pulp which is fibrillated poly-acrylonitrile-based copolymer acrylic fiber (hereinafter referred to as the ‘copolymer acrylic pulp’) and filler, and thus, forming a paper body; and impregnating it with thermosetting resin and then curing it.
- copolymer acrylic pulpfibrillated poly-acrylonitrile-based copolymer acrylic fiber
- a clutch and brake component of an automatic transmissionthe ability to transmit torque in the state where it is stopped or slightly slides is the most fundamental function and referred to as the torque capacity. If torque capacity is high, for example, a diameter of a clutch can be reduced or the number of friction members can be reduced and thus, a clutch component can be miniaturized. On the other hand, calorific value per unit area of a brake and a clutch during operation increases due to high frictional coefficient. This tends to lower the heat resistance and mechanical strength of the friction member; and therefore, a wet paper friction member which is excellent in torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength could not be easily produced.
- copolymer acrylic pulpis particularly low in heat resistance and chemical resistance, and therefore, contraction of dimension is caused during processing step of a wet paper friction member. Therefore, accurate processing has been difficult, or there have been other problems such that large strength degradation of the friction member is occurred during operation due to frictional heat or chemicals in automatic transmission fluid.
- a wet paper friction memberwhich is used mainly in a clutch and a brake of an automatic transmission and has high torque capacity and excellent thermal stability simultaneously. Improvement was made by focusing attention on a fiber base material and resin in a friction modifier forming a paper body among compositions of a conventional wet paper friction member. This realized successful development of a high torque capacity wet paper friction member which has friction property, heat resistance and mechanical strength simultaneously, and has high versatility without limitation to its application.
- the present inventionsolved the above-mentioned problems by providing a wet paper friction member which is produced by impregnating thermosetting resin into a paper body, curing it by heat, and forming it with pressure, wherein said paper body comprises fiber base material and filler, characterized in that said fiber base material comprises 20-80 wt % of the total weight of said paper body, and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml.
- the present inventioncan provide a wet paper friction member having excellence in torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength since the fiber base material comprises 20-80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body, and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml.
- a wet paper friction member according to the present inventionis produced by blending specified fiber base material and filler etc. and thus, producing a paper body; impregnating the paper body with thermosetting resin; curing it by heating; and forming it with pressure.
- the fiber base materialcomprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, homopolymer acrylic pulp and other fibers at 20-80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body. Drainability of the homopolymer acrylic pulp is adjusted to 120-280 ml.
- Thermosetting resinsuch as straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin and tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin is impregnated into said paper body at 20-40 wt %.
- Thermosetting resinsuch as straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin and tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin is impregnated into said paper body at 20-40 wt %.
- the fiber base materialcomprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, homopolymer acrylic pulp and other fiber at 20-80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body.
- aramid pulphas excellent thermal stability and paper-making property, it is expensive in comparison with cellulose pulp, and also has inferior compatibility with thermosetting resin such as phenol resin.
- thermosetting resinsuch as phenol resin
- cellulose pulphas better compatibility with resin and is cheaper in comparison with aramid pulp, it is inferior in thermal stability and mechanical strength.
- homopolymer acrylic pulphas excellent compatibility with thermosetting resin such as phenol resin and has a characteristic that it does not thermofuse. Therefore, when it is used with aramid pulp and cellulose pulp, excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength can be achieved at low cost.
- the amount of the fiber base materialis above 80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body, smooth member surface can not be obtained. When it is below 20 wt %, mechanical strength is lowered.
- Drainability of homopolymer acrylic pulp forming a paper bodyis adjusted to 120-280 ml.
- Drainabilityis a degree of beating of fiber, and the smaller drainability is, the larger the degree of beating of fiber is, resulting in increase of splitting degree of each fiber.
- splitting degree of acrylic pulpis increased, intertwist between fibers increases, and sufficient mechanical strength can be obtained after phenol resin is impregnated and cured.
- thermosetting resinany one or some of resins among straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin and tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin can be used to be impregnated into said paper body at 20-40 wt %.
- FIG. 1A graph showing the results of torque capacity evaluation
- FIG. 2A graph showing the results of durability evaluation
- FIG. 3A graph showing the results of durability evaluation
- FIG. 4A graph showing the results of compressive strength evaluation.
- a clutch diskwas produced by impregnating oil modified straight phenol resin into a paper body comprising 10 wt % of cellulose pulp, 10 wt % of aramid pulp, 30 wt % of homopolymer acrylic pulp, and 50% of filler such as diatomaceous earth, at 30 wt % of a friction member; curing it by heating, and then bonding it to a core plate.
- a clutch diskwas produced by impregnating straight phenol resin into a paper body comprising 30 wt % of cellulose pulp, 30 wt % of aramid pulp, 30 wt % of diatomaceous earth, and 10 wt % of carbon-based filler, at 35 wt % of a friction member; curing it by heating; and then bonding it to a core plate.
- a wet paper friction member of Examplehad high frictional coefficient at low speed, that is, high torque capacity, and also had excellent velocity property of the frictional coefficient.
- a wet paper friction member of Examplehad small deterioration of frictional coefficient, that is, high heat resistance, and also had relatively small abrasion loss after the test in comparison with Comparative Example as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
- thermosetting resinsuch as straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin, tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin, is impregnated into said papermaking body at 20-40 wt % of a friction member, high torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength are achieved simultaneously.
- This high torque wet paper friction membercan be used for many wet friction applications.
- a fiber base materialcomprises 20-80 wt % of the total weight of a papermaking body, and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml, and thereby, the effects of improving torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength of a wet paper friction member are achieved.
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- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1. Technical Field to Which the Invention Belongs
- The present invention relates to a wet or wet-tpype paper friction member used in a clutch and brake component of an automatic transmission of a vehicle.
- 2. Prior Art
- A wet paper friction member is produced by dispersing a mixture of a fiber base material such as pulp and a friction modifier in water and forming a paper body; making it dry and thereafter, impregnating it with thermosetting resin; heating and curing it; and then forming it with pressure. The functions of a wet paper friction member are influenced by a blend of the fiber base material, a filler and the friction modifier etc. which are main components of the paper body, and impregnated thermosetting resin. Therefore, choice and blending amount of materials have been researched for improvement of a wet paper friction member according to its use.
- It has been known that a friction modifier has an important role in influencing porosity and surface configuration of a friction member; and fiber ingredient affects porosity and flexibility of the friction member and thus, has an influence on friction property and heat resistance, and mechanical strength.
- Phenol resin which is used mainly as a binder has an influence not only on mechanical strength of a friction member but also on frictional coefficient as well as velocity dependence of the frictional coefficient. Particularly, since frictional coefficient in the low velocity range which is referred to as ‘torque capacity’ is highly influenced by resin, the research has been made using various oil-based materials or modified materials.
- For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a wet paper friction member which is produced by blending pulp which is fibrillated poly-acrylonitrile-based copolymer acrylic fiber (hereinafter referred to as the ‘copolymer acrylic pulp’) and filler, and thus, forming a paper body; and impregnating it with thermosetting resin and then curing it.
- [Patent Document 1]
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 45808/1993
- In a clutch and brake component of an automatic transmission, the ability to transmit torque in the state where it is stopped or slightly slides is the most fundamental function and referred to as the torque capacity. If torque capacity is high, for example, a diameter of a clutch can be reduced or the number of friction members can be reduced and thus, a clutch component can be miniaturized. On the other hand, calorific value per unit area of a brake and a clutch during operation increases due to high frictional coefficient. This tends to lower the heat resistance and mechanical strength of the friction member; and therefore, a wet paper friction member which is excellent in torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength could not be easily produced.
- As for the wet paper friction member of Patent Document 1, copolymer acrylic pulp is particularly low in heat resistance and chemical resistance, and therefore, contraction of dimension is caused during processing step of a wet paper friction member. Therefore, accurate processing has been difficult, or there have been other problems such that large strength degradation of the friction member is occurred during operation due to frictional heat or chemicals in automatic transmission fluid.
- In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wet paper friction member which is used mainly in a clutch and a brake of an automatic transmission and has high torque capacity and excellent thermal stability simultaneously. Improvement was made by focusing attention on a fiber base material and resin in a friction modifier forming a paper body among compositions of a conventional wet paper friction member. This realized successful development of a high torque capacity wet paper friction member which has friction property, heat resistance and mechanical strength simultaneously, and has high versatility without limitation to its application.
- The present invention solved the above-mentioned problems by providing a wet paper friction member which is produced by impregnating thermosetting resin into a paper body, curing it by heat, and forming it with pressure, wherein said paper body comprises fiber base material and filler, characterized in that said fiber base material comprises 20-80 wt % of the total weight of said paper body, and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml.
- [Function]
- The present invention can provide a wet paper friction member having excellence in torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength since the fiber base material comprises 20-80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body, and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml.
- [Embodiments]
- A wet paper friction member according to the present invention is produced by blending specified fiber base material and filler etc. and thus, producing a paper body; impregnating the paper body with thermosetting resin; curing it by heating; and forming it with pressure. The fiber base material comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, homopolymer acrylic pulp and other fibers at 20-80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body. Drainability of the homopolymer acrylic pulp is adjusted to 120-280 ml. Thermosetting resin such as straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin and tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin is impregnated into said paper body at 20-40 wt %. Thus, high torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength are realized simultaneously.
- The fiber base material comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, homopolymer acrylic pulp and other fiber at 20-80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body.
- While aramid pulp has excellent thermal stability and paper-making property, it is expensive in comparison with cellulose pulp, and also has inferior compatibility with thermosetting resin such as phenol resin. In addition, while cellulose pulp has better compatibility with resin and is cheaper in comparison with aramid pulp, it is inferior in thermal stability and mechanical strength. On the other hand, homopolymer acrylic pulp has excellent compatibility with thermosetting resin such as phenol resin and has a characteristic that it does not thermofuse. Therefore, when it is used with aramid pulp and cellulose pulp, excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength can be achieved at low cost. When the amount of the fiber base material is above 80 wt % of the total weight of the paper body, smooth member surface can not be obtained. When it is below 20 wt %, mechanical strength is lowered.
- Drainability of homopolymer acrylic pulp forming a paper body is adjusted to 120-280 ml.
- Drainability is a degree of beating of fiber, and the smaller drainability is, the larger the degree of beating of fiber is, resulting in increase of splitting degree of each fiber. When splitting degree of acrylic pulp is increased, intertwist between fibers increases, and sufficient mechanical strength can be obtained after phenol resin is impregnated and cured.
- When homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is smaller than 120 ml is used for the one forming a paper body, the amount of split fiber is too large and the size of holes becomes too small, and therefore, clogging tends to be caused during frictional sliding, and heat resistance is lowered.
- When aramid pulp the drainability of which is above 280 ml is used for the one forming a paper body, intertwist between fibers becomes small and therefore, sufficient mechanical strength can not be obtained.
- As thermosetting resin, any one or some of resins among straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin and tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin can be used to be impregnated into said paper body at 20-40 wt %.
- In general, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin and tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin etc. are known to be effective in increasing frictional coefficient in the low velocity range. On the other hand, when such oil modified materials are used, there are problems such that heat resistance and mechanical strength are lowered. In the meantime, straight phenol is not so effective in increasing frictional coefficient in the low velocity range, but, it has sufficient heat resistance and mechanical strength. Therefore, when it is used with the above-mentioned modified materials, high frictional coefficient and heat resistance, as well as mechanical strength can be achieved simultaneously. When the amount of these resins impregnated with a paper body was under 20 wt % of the total weight of the friction member, sufficient mechanical strength can not be obtained, and when it is 40 wt % or more, heat resistance is lowered.
- [
FIG. 1 ] A graph showing the results of torque capacity evaluation; - [
FIG. 2 ] A graph showing the results of durability evaluation; - [
FIG. 3 ] A graph showing the results of durability evaluation; and - [
FIG. 4 ] A graph showing the results of compressive strength evaluation. - Examples will be explained concretely below.
- A clutch disk was produced by impregnating oil modified straight phenol resin into a paper body comprising 10 wt % of cellulose pulp, 10 wt % of aramid pulp, 30 wt % of homopolymer acrylic pulp, and 50% of filler such as diatomaceous earth, at 30 wt % of a friction member; curing it by heating, and then bonding it to a core plate.
- As Comparative Example, a clutch disk was produced by impregnating straight phenol resin into a paper body comprising 30 wt % of cellulose pulp, 30 wt % of aramid pulp, 30 wt % of diatomaceous earth, and 10 wt % of carbon-based filler, at 35 wt % of a friction member; curing it by heating; and then bonding it to a core plate.
- Torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength of a wet friction clutch disc produced by the above-mentioned processes were evaluated by the following testing methods:
- <Conditions for Torque Capacity Evaluation>
- Testing device: SAE No. 2 friction testing apparatus
- Condition for achieving performance: number of friction surfaces: 6
- Oil temperature: 80 degrees Celsius
- Surface pressure: 0.5 MPa, 1.0 MPa, 2.0 MPa
- Rotational speed: 0.72, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 rpm
- As a result of the above tests, a wet paper friction member of Example had high frictional coefficient at low speed, that is, high torque capacity, and also had excellent velocity property of the frictional coefficient.
- <Condition for High-Speed Durability Evaluation>
- Testing device: SAE No. 2 friction testing apparatus
- Condition for achieving performance: number of friction surfaces: 6
- Oil temperature: 100 degrees Celsius
- Surface pressure: 0.785 MPa
- Rotational speed: 7100 rpm
- Inertial mass: 0.01 Kg·m/s2
- Amount of lubricating oil: 360 ml/min
- As a result of the above tests, a wet paper friction member of Example had small deterioration of frictional coefficient, that is, high heat resistance, and also had relatively small abrasion loss after the test in comparison with Comparative Example as shown in
FIGS. 2 and 3 . - <Condition for Compressive Strength Evaluation>
- Testing device: repetitive compressive strength testing apparatus
- Condition for evaluation: number of friction surfaces: 2
- Oil temperature: 120 degrees Celsius
- Surface pressure: 10.0 MPa
- Cycle: loading 2 sec, unloading 4 sec
- As a result of the above tests, a wet paper friction member of Example had relatively excellent mechanical strength in comparison with Comparative Example as shown in
FIG. 4 . - It is known from
FIGS. 1-4 that a friction member of Example had high torque capacity along with sufficient heat resistance and mechanical strength in comparison with a friction member of Comparative Example - It is known from the above results that when a fiber base body comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, homopolymer acrylic pulp and other fibers at 20-80 wt % of the total weight of a paper body; drainability of homopolymer acrylic pulp is adjusted to 120-280 ml; and moreover, thermosetting resin such as straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin, tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin, is impregnated into said papermaking body at 20-40 wt % of a friction member, high torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength are achieved simultaneously. This high torque wet paper friction member can be used for many wet friction applications.
- According to the present invention, a fiber base material comprises 20-80 wt % of the total weight of a papermaking body, and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml, and thereby, the effects of improving torque capacity, heat resistance and mechanical strength of a wet paper friction member are achieved.
Claims (5)
1. A wet paper friction member which is produced by impregnating thermosetting resin into a paper body; curing it by heating; and forming it with pressure,
wherein said paper body comprises fiber base material and filler,
characterized in that said fiber base material comprises 20-80 wt % of said paper body and comprises cellulose pulp, aramid pulp, and homopolymer acrylic pulp the drainability of which is 120-280 ml.
2. A wet paper friction member as claimed inclaim 1 , wherein said thermosetting resin comprises any one of some of resins among straight phenol resin, alkyl modified phenol resin, epoxy modified phenol resin, tung oil modified phenol resin, cashew oil modified phenol resin, tung oil/cashew oil modified phenol resin.
3. Cancelled
4. A wet paper friction member as claimed inclaim 1 , wherein said thermosetting resin comprises 20-40 wt % of said friction member.
5. A wet paper friction member as claimed inclaim 2 , wherein said thermosetting resin comprises 20-40 wt % of said friction member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003129718AJP2004332830A (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2003-05-08 | High torque capacity wet paper friction material |
| JP129718/2003 | 2003-05-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20050039872A1true US20050039872A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/838,861AbandonedUS20050039872A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2004-05-04 | High torque capacity wet paper friction member |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050039872A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004332830A (en) |
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| US20050075019A1 (en)* | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-07 | Lam Robert C. | High coefficient woven friction material |
| US20050074595A1 (en)* | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-07 | Lam Robert C. | Friction material containing partially carbonized carbon fibers |
| US20050281971A1 (en)* | 2004-06-18 | 2005-12-22 | Lam Robert C | Fully fibrous structure friction material |
| US20060241207A1 (en)* | 2005-04-26 | 2006-10-26 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material |
| US20090036010A1 (en)* | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material with silicon |
| US20090048369A1 (en)* | 2006-03-29 | 2009-02-19 | Newcomb Timothy P | Friction Materials Made With Resins Containing Polar Functional Groups |
| US20090324887A1 (en)* | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction materials |
| US7749562B1 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2010-07-06 | Borgwarner Inc. | Porous friction material comprising nanoparticles of friction modifying material |
| US20100304631A1 (en)* | 2005-11-02 | 2010-12-02 | Borgwarner Inc. | Carbon Friction Materials |
| CN102913561A (en)* | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 博格华纳公司 | Friction plate with a paper friction lining, method for producing such a friction plate and wet-running multiplate clutch or brake comprising such a friction plate |
| US8397889B2 (en) | 2008-03-12 | 2013-03-19 | Borgwarner Inc. | Frictional device comprising at least one friction plate |
| US8603614B2 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2013-12-10 | Borgwarner Inc. | Porous friction material with nanoparticles of friction modifying material |
| CN106838077A (en)* | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 现代自动车株式会社 | L Water Paper friction material for vehicle and the vehicle part comprising it |
| WO2018169840A1 (en)* | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wet friction material having increased pressure cycle life |
| US11293142B2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2022-04-05 | Westrock Mwv, Llc | Smooth and low density paperboard structures and methods for manufacturing the same |
| US12253133B2 (en) | 2022-01-03 | 2025-03-18 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Clutch assembly including wet friction material with calcined kaolin clay and tung modified phenolic resin |
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| US20050287344A1 (en)* | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-29 | Conley Jill A | Acrylic and para-aramid pulp and processes of making same |
| CN104005261A (en)* | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-27 | 华东理工大学 | Modified waterborne phenolic resin for automobile engine oil filter paper and preparation method thereof |
| JP6124101B2 (en)* | 2015-03-12 | 2017-05-10 | Dic株式会社 | Friction plate |
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| US20050075021A1 (en)* | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-07 | Lam Robert C. | High performance, durable, deposit friction material |
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| US20050075019A1 (en)* | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-07 | Lam Robert C. | High coefficient woven friction material |
| US20050281971A1 (en)* | 2004-06-18 | 2005-12-22 | Lam Robert C | Fully fibrous structure friction material |
| US8021744B2 (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2011-09-20 | Borgwarner Inc. | Fully fibrous structure friction material |
| US8603614B2 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2013-12-10 | Borgwarner Inc. | Porous friction material with nanoparticles of friction modifying material |
| US7749562B1 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2010-07-06 | Borgwarner Inc. | Porous friction material comprising nanoparticles of friction modifying material |
| US7806975B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2010-10-05 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material |
| US20060241207A1 (en)* | 2005-04-26 | 2006-10-26 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material |
| WO2006116474A2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-02 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material |
| EP1874850A4 (en)* | 2005-04-26 | 2008-06-18 | Borgwarner Inc | FRICTION MATERIAL |
| US20100304631A1 (en)* | 2005-11-02 | 2010-12-02 | Borgwarner Inc. | Carbon Friction Materials |
| US8394452B2 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2013-03-12 | Borgwarner Inc. | Carbon friction materials |
| US20090048369A1 (en)* | 2006-03-29 | 2009-02-19 | Newcomb Timothy P | Friction Materials Made With Resins Containing Polar Functional Groups |
| US20090036010A1 (en)* | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material with silicon |
| US8397889B2 (en) | 2008-03-12 | 2013-03-19 | Borgwarner Inc. | Frictional device comprising at least one friction plate |
| US9939036B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2018-04-10 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction materials |
| US20090324887A1 (en)* | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction materials |
| US20130032271A1 (en)* | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction plate with a paper friction lining, method for producing such a friction plate and wet-running multiplate clutch or brake comprising such a friction plate |
| CN102913561A (en)* | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 博格华纳公司 | Friction plate with a paper friction lining, method for producing such a friction plate and wet-running multiplate clutch or brake comprising such a friction plate |
| US9109640B2 (en)* | 2011-08-04 | 2015-08-18 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction plate with a paper friction lining, method for producing such a friction plate and wet-running multiplate clutch or brake comprising such a friction plate |
| CN106838077A (en)* | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 现代自动车株式会社 | L Water Paper friction material for vehicle and the vehicle part comprising it |
| US9995003B2 (en)* | 2015-12-04 | 2018-06-12 | Hyundai Motor Company | Wet paper friction material |
| WO2018169840A1 (en)* | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wet friction material having increased pressure cycle life |
| US10260584B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2019-04-16 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wet friction material having increased pressure cycle life |
| US11293142B2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2022-04-05 | Westrock Mwv, Llc | Smooth and low density paperboard structures and methods for manufacturing the same |
| US11697908B2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2023-07-11 | Westrock Mwv, Llc | Smooth and low density paperboard structures and methods for manufacturing the same |
| US12253133B2 (en) | 2022-01-03 | 2025-03-18 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Clutch assembly including wet friction material with calcined kaolin clay and tung modified phenolic resin |
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