US20040153144A1 - Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure - Google Patents
Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedureDownload PDFInfo
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- US20040153144A1 US20040153144A1US10/762,348US76234804AUS2004153144A1US 20040153144 A1US20040153144 A1US 20040153144A1US 76234804 AUS76234804 AUS 76234804AUS 2004153144 A1US2004153144 A1US 2004153144A1
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- Prior art keywords
- implant
- instrument
- tubular part
- tubular
- annuloplasty
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- 238000002324minimally invasive surgeryMethods0.000titledescription2
- 239000007943implantSubstances0.000claimsabstractdescription117
- 210000003709heart valveAnatomy0.000claimsabstractdescription10
- 238000003780insertionMethods0.000claimsabstractdescription7
- 230000037431insertionEffects0.000claimsabstractdescription7
- 229910001000nickel titaniumInorganic materials0.000claimsdescription6
- 239000000463materialSubstances0.000claimsdescription5
- 239000004753textileSubstances0.000claimsdescription4
- HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-Nnickel titaniumChemical compound[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni]HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N0.000claimsdescription3
- 229910001285shape-memory alloyInorganic materials0.000claimsdescription3
- 238000013459approachMethods0.000description5
- 206010067171RegurgitationDiseases0.000description1
- 239000008280bloodSubstances0.000description1
- 210000004369bloodAnatomy0.000description1
- 210000000038chestAnatomy0.000description1
- 230000003100immobilizing effectEffects0.000description1
- 238000000465mouldingMethods0.000description1
- 230000001575pathological effectEffects0.000description1
- 229920000728polyesterPolymers0.000description1
- 230000000284resting effectEffects0.000description1
- 238000001356surgical procedureMethods0.000description1
- 229920002994synthetic fiberPolymers0.000description1
Images
Classifications
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
- A61F2/2442—Annuloplasty rings or inserts for correcting the valve shape; Implants for improving the function of a native heart valve
- A61F2/2445—Annuloplasty rings in direct contact with the valve annulus
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
- A61F2/2442—Annuloplasty rings or inserts for correcting the valve shape; Implants for improving the function of a native heart valve
- A61F2/2466—Delivery devices therefor
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0097—Visible markings, e.g. indicia
Definitions
- the present inventionrelates to an annuloplasty device that can be used by a minimally invasive route, particularly for reconstruction of heart valves.
- a number of pathological conditionsmay cause this fibromuscular ring to deform or dilate, so that the valves are no longer impermeable.
- Such an implanthas, in a manner known of itself, an annular shape and is sutured to the fibromuscular ring. It may have a rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible structure.
- Insertion and placement of this type of implantrequires an invasive approach, making these operations length, complex, and delicate.
- Minimally invasive surgeryreduces the surgical burden by reducing the approach to one or more incisions 1 to 3 cm in diameter.
- this surgeryis not currently usable for annuloplasty as the valve reconstruction ring cannot pass through such openings, particularly if it is rigid or semi-rigid.
- such a ring and the instrument for inserting this ringwould be very difficult to manipulate, and engagement of suture threads in the ring once it had been placed in the heart would be problematic.
- the goal of the present inventionis to overcome these fundamental drawbacks.
- Its main objectiveis to provide a device for minimally invasive annuloplasty, i.e. with one or more approaches formed by passages approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter.
- Another goal of the inventionis to provide a device to facilitate suturing of the ring at the treatment site.
- the device in questioncomprises, in a manner known of itself, an implant shaped so that it can be sutured to tissues in order to create the annuloplasty.
- the implanthas an elongate, deformable
- the implanthas an elongate, deformable structure so that it can assume an elongate shape for insertion into the body of the patient through a small-diameter passage, approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter, and a curved shape adapted for creating the annuloplasty, and
- the devicehas a tubular instrument able to receive said implant at least partially within itself, which is sufficiently rigid to allow insertion of the implant into the body of the patient through said passage; this instrument has an opening at its distal part enabling access to the implant and comprises means for rotationally locking the implant relative thereto, means for holding the implant relative thereto, and means for detecting its angular orientation inside the body of the patient.
- the locking and detecting meansenable the implant to be adequately positioned relative to these tissues to create the annuloplasty because of said curved shape of the implant; these locking means and the holding means hold a portion of the implant in an adequate position relative to the tissues when the thread for suturing this portion to these tissues is positioned, then releases this portion of the implant once it has been sutured to the tissues.
- a trocar containing a tubeis inserted until the distal part of this trocar, and of this tube, are near the site to be treated; the trocar is withdrawn and the tube then allows the instrument inside which the implant is held to be inserted; the distal part of the implant, accessible at the distal part of the instrument, is attached to the tissues by a first suture stitch; an additional portion of the implant is then dispensed by the instrument, then this portion if attached to the implant by a second suture stitch; a further portion of the implant is then released then sutured, and so forth until the entire implant is attached to the tissues.
- the implantmay have an elastic structure and have the aforementioned curved shape in the non-deformed state of this structure; this implant would then be deformed elastically when it was engaged in the instrument then resume its curved shape as it was dispensed by the instrument; the locking and detecting means of the instrument would then hold the implant during suturing so that the concave part of the implant was located radially inward of the annuloplasty to be created.
- the implantcould also be made of a shape-memory alloy such as a nickel-titanium alloy known as Nitinol.
- the implanthas a body with a flexible non-elastic structure, and at least one cord connected to said body in the vicinity of one end of the latter; each cord extends over one lengthwise side of this body up to a location remote from said end, is slidably mounted relative to this body and relative to said location, and has a length such that traction may be exerted thereon once the body has been sutured to said tissues; the whole is shaped such that traction can be exerted on each cord to reduce the length of said body by puckering said structure so as to reduce the circumference of the implant and hence create the annuloplasty.
- the detecting meansenable the implant to be held in a position wherein each cord is positioned on the radially inner side of the body at the time the implant is being sutured.
- said bodyis comprised of a braid of textile material, with each cord passing inside this braid.
- the implantmay have a single cord connected to one end of the body and exiting in the vicinity of the other end thereof; preferably, however, the implant has two cords, one of which is connected to one end of the body and the other to the other end of this body, and the two cords each extend substantially over half of the body, up to locations that are near each other and essentially in the median area of this body.
- the instrumenthas a lateral notch in the vicinity of its distal end that communicates via a slot with a distal opening in this instrument the depth of said notch being such as to uncover the lengthwise side of the body that is destined, after the suturing, to be located radially outside the annuloplasty to be created, but such that it covers the lengthwise side of body destined to be located on the radially inner side of this annuloplasty, namely on the side on which the cord or cords are located.
- This notchenables only the part of the body that is to be sutured to the tissues to be uncovered, and eliminates any risk of the cord or cords being caught by the suture needle.
- holding meanssuch as the foregoing are located on either side of this notch to fully stiffen the implant at the notch and thus facilitate passage of the suture thread.
- the instrumentmay then have two tubular parts of which the first is engaged in the second; said first tubular part has teeth at its distal end that are movable radially between a normal radially outer position in which they allow the implant to slide and a radially inner position in which they grip the implant between them and prevent this sliding, said teeth being shaped such that their radially outer faces project, in said normal position, beyond the outer face of said first tubular part; the second tubular part can slide axially relative to the first tubular part between a retracted position in which it does not abut said radially outer faces of the teeth, and an active position in which it abuts these radially outer faces, and moves the teeth into their radially inner position.
- the implant bodyhas, viewed transversally, a tubular part and a flat part extending radially relative to said tubular part;
- the instrumenthas a tubular part that has a lateral slot provided in its distal part, and has a rod that can be engaged in this tubular part; said tubular part of the body of the implant is engaged inside said tubular part of the instrument and receives said rod therein while said flat part passes through said slot and extends outside said tubular part of the instrument.
- This slot and this rodconstitute said means that lock and hold the implant in the instrument.
- the implantis released simply by withdrawing the rod as the portions of the implant attached to the tissues to enable the tubular part of the implant body to pass through said slot.
- the instrumentcan have two tubular parts, namely the aforementioned tubular part and an outer tubular part in which the aforesaid tubular part is engaged, and the implant is placed therein.
- the position of said flat part of the implant body extending beyond the instrumenthas means for attaching the implant to the tissues, which are pre-positioned on said part.
- These meansare in particular comprised of suture threads.
- the attaching meansare comprised of suture threads and, opposite each suture thread, the implant has at least one reel mounted thereon, on which the suture thread is wound.
- the suture needle connected to this threadcan also be held on this reel for as long as it is in use.
- the instrumentadvantageously has one reel on each of these sides located on either side of said flat part, with each of the reels receiving one of the two strands of suture thread.
- FIG. 1is a side view of an implant and a tubular instrument of which this device is comprised, according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2is a perspective view of this implant and this instrument, the implant being located outside the instrument;
- FIG. 3is a side view of this implant and this instrument, in lengthwise section;
- FIG. 4is a highly simplified view of a heart valve on which an annuloplasty is to be done, as well as said implant and instrument;
- FIGS. 5 to 8are enlarged and highly simplified views of this heart valve and this implant and instrument, during four successive stages of positioning a suture stitch of the implant at a valve tissue;
- FIG. 9is a view similar to FIG. 4 once the implant has been positioned and before the valve annuloplasty is created;
- FIG. 10is a side view, with a partial section of an implant and part of an instrument of which this device is comprised, according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 11is a sectional view along line XI-XI in FIG. 10.
- FIG. 12is a partial perspective view of an implant and a part of the instrument according to this second embodiment, the implant being equipped with reels.
- FIG. 1represents an implant 1 enabling an annuloplasty to be created on a heart valve and a tubular instrument 2 enabling said implant 1 to be positioned.
- Implant 1comprises a body 5 composed of a tubular braid made of textile material, for example a polyester, and by two cords 6 .
- the ends of body 5are tied to keep the strands of the braid together.
- One of the ends of a cord 6is connected, by said tie, to one of the ends of the braid while the end of the other cord 6 is connected, by the other tie, to the other end of the same braid.
- These two cords 6each have a part 6 a extending inside body 5 , along one lengthwise side thereof, up to near the median portion of this body 5 , and a portion 6 b which extends beyond this body 5 , each cord 6 passing through this body 5 and exiting therefrom at said median portion.
- the two cords 6can slide inside the braid and through the openings through which they pass through this braid.
- the length of these cords 6is such that each of cords 6 extends outside the body of the patient when implant 1 is attached to the valve, as will be described below.
- Instrument 2has two tubular parts 10 , 11 engaging each other.
- Radially inner part 10has a lateral notch 12 in the vicinity of its distal end, which communicates with distal opening 13 of this part via a slot 14 .
- the width of this slot 14is such that a suture stitch enabling body 5 to be attached to the heart valve can pass through it.
- the depth of notch 12is such that this notch uncovers the lengthwise side of body 5 opposite the side where cords 6 are located when these cords are under tension but such that the notch covers this lengthwise side on which said cords 6 are located.
- This part 10also has two pairs of teeth 15 , each pair being located lengthwise on one side of notch 12 .
- Part 10is made of a moldable synthetic material having some degree of flexibility, and each tooth 15 is made of the same material as this part 10 , by molding, being separated from part 10 by a U-shaped slot. Teeth 15 of each pair of teeth are diametrically opposite each other and each tooth 15 has a part 16 resting against implant 1 , projecting radially inside part 10 .
- Each tooth 15normally occupies the position drawn in solid lines in FIG. 3, in which it is inclined outside part 10 such that its abutting part 16 is located at a distance from body 5 of implant 1 .
- Part 11is engaged on part 10 and can slide axially relative thereto. It has a proximal tubular part 11 a , an intermediate part 11 b , and a distal tubular part 11 c which is slotted lengthwise.
- FIGS. 2 and 3show that parts 11 a and 11 c are able, in a first axial position relative to part 10 , to cover proximal and distal teeth 15 respectively so as to move these teeth 15 into the aforesaid radially inner position and, in the axial position shown, to be positioned outside these teeth 15 such that they occupy their normal radially outer position.
- Part 11 bhas a length such that part 11 c is completely unable to cover notch 12 in this position.
- part 11is rotationally locked relative to part 10 , for example by projections sliding in grooves, such that the slot of part 11 c coincides with slot 14 .
- instrument 2has a mark showing the side of this instrument where notch 12 is located and enabling this instrument 12 to be oriented angularly.
- implant 1is placed in instrument 2 such that the distal part of implant 1 is at the distal opening 13 of the instrument and cords 6 extend along the side of part 10 opposite the side on which notch 12 opens to the outside.
- Part 11is then moved relative to part 10 , which brings teeth 15 to their radially inner position and thus immobilizes implant 1 relative to instrument 2 both axially and rotationally while keeping body 5 tensioned in notch 12 .
- the suture threadis successively passed into implant 1 at notch 12 (FIG. 5) then into the fibromuscular ring surrounding valve 50 to be treated (FIG. 6) then again in implant 1 at the notch 12 (FIG. 7).
- Part 11is then retracted relative to part 10 to allow implant 1 to slide in order to dispense an additional portion of this implant 1 .
- the suture threadis then knotted to attach the implant to the fibromuscular ring.
- Part 11is then advanced again to immobilize implant 1 in instrument 2 , then a suture thread is again passed into implant 1 at notch 12 (FIG. 8) and into the fibromuscular ring; the implant is again allowed to slide for this suture thread to be knotted and an additional portion of implant 1 to be dispensed.
- FIGS. 10 to 12show an implant whose body 5 is also comprised of a textile braid and is equipped with two stiffening cords as above, not shown.
- body 5seen in cross section, has a tubular part 5 a and a flat part 5 b extending radially relative to this tubular part 5 a .
- Flat part 5 bis traversed by a plurality of suture threads 30 lined up with each other, to the ends of which the suture needles are crimped.
- Instrument 2has an inner tubular part 10 with a lateral slot 20 provided in its distal part, and has a rod 21 that can be engaged in part 10 , said rod 21 having a larger diameter than the width of slot 20 .
- part 5 a of the implantis engaged inside part 10 and receives rod 21 within itself while part 5 b passes through slot 20 arriving at the outside of part 10 .
- Instrument 2also has an outer tubular part (not shown) in which tubular part 10 and the implant placed therein engage.
- Slot 20 and rod 21constitute means for locking and holding implant 1 in instrument 2 .
- Implant 1is simply released by pulling out said outer tubular part, then withdrawing rod 21 as the portions of implant 1 become attached to the tissues, to enable part 5 a to pass through slot 20 .
- each reel 22can be mounted on implant 2 .
- Each strand of a suture thread 30is intended to be wound onto reel 22 located on the same side as itself and the suture needle is intended to be held on this reel 22 for as long as it is in use.
- Each reel 22can have a circular shape or an oval shape adapted to receive needle 31 .
- the inventionthus provides an annuloplasty device usable by a minimally invasive route, particularly for reconstruction of heart valves, so that a relatively noninvasive annuloplasty can be created through one or more approaches formed by passages approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter.
- the implantcould have an elastic structure and have the aforesaid curved shape in the non-deformed state of this structure, or be made of a shape-memory alloy such as a nickel-titanium alloy known as Nitinol.
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- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 10/110,042, which is the U.S. National Stage of PCT/FR00/02814, filed Oct. 12, 1999. The entire disclosure of the prior application is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.[0001]
- The present invention relates to an annuloplasty device that can be used by a minimally invasive route, particularly for reconstruction of heart valves.[0002]
- In a normal heart valve, the valves overlap at the center of the fibromuscular ring surrounding the valve, thus making the valve impermeable to regurgitation of blood.[0003]
- A number of pathological conditions may cause this fibromuscular ring to deform or dilate, so that the valves are no longer impermeable.[0004]
- It is then necessary to “reconstruct” the valve by placement of an implant that restores a correct shape and/or section to the fibromuscular ring; this operation is normally known as “annuloplasty.”[0005]
- Such an implant has, in a manner known of itself, an annular shape and is sutured to the fibromuscular ring. It may have a rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible structure.[0006]
- Insertion and placement of this type of implant requires an invasive approach, making these operations length, complex, and delicate.[0007]
- Minimally invasive surgery reduces the surgical burden by reducing the approach to one or more incisions 1 to 3 cm in diameter. However, this surgery is not currently usable for annuloplasty as the valve reconstruction ring cannot pass through such openings, particularly if it is rigid or semi-rigid. Moreover, such a ring and the instrument for inserting this ring would be very difficult to manipulate, and engagement of suture threads in the ring once it had been placed in the heart would be problematic.[0008]
- The goal of the present invention is to overcome these fundamental drawbacks.[0009]
- Its main objective is to provide a device for minimally invasive annuloplasty, i.e. with one or more approaches formed by passages approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter.[0010]
- Another goal of the invention is to provide a device to facilitate suturing of the ring at the treatment site.[0011]
- The device in question comprises, in a manner known of itself, an implant shaped so that it can be sutured to tissues in order to create the annuloplasty.[0012]
- According to the invention:[0013]
- the implant has an elongate, deformable[0014]
- the implant has an elongate, deformable structure so that it can assume an elongate shape for insertion into the body of the patient through a small-diameter passage, approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter, and a curved shape adapted for creating the annuloplasty, and[0015]
- the device has a tubular instrument able to receive said implant at least partially within itself, which is sufficiently rigid to allow insertion of the implant into the body of the patient through said passage; this instrument has an opening at its distal part enabling access to the implant and comprises means for rotationally locking the implant relative thereto, means for holding the implant relative thereto, and means for detecting its angular orientation inside the body of the patient.[0016]
- By adequate orientation of the instrument relative to said tissues, the locking and detecting means enable the implant to be adequately positioned relative to these tissues to create the annuloplasty because of said curved shape of the implant; these locking means and the holding means hold a portion of the implant in an adequate position relative to the tissues when the thread for suturing this portion to these tissues is positioned, then releases this portion of the implant once it has been sutured to the tissues.[0017]
- In practice, a trocar containing a tube is inserted until the distal part of this trocar, and of this tube, are near the site to be treated; the trocar is withdrawn and the tube then allows the instrument inside which the implant is held to be inserted; the distal part of the implant, accessible at the distal part of the instrument, is attached to the tissues by a first suture stitch; an additional portion of the implant is then dispensed by the instrument, then this portion if attached to the implant by a second suture stitch; a further portion of the implant is then released then sutured, and so forth until the entire implant is attached to the tissues.[0018]
- The implant may have an elastic structure and have the aforementioned curved shape in the non-deformed state of this structure; this implant would then be deformed elastically when it was engaged in the instrument then resume its curved shape as it was dispensed by the instrument; the locking and detecting means of the instrument would then hold the implant during suturing so that the concave part of the implant was located radially inward of the annuloplasty to be created.[0019]
- The implant could also be made of a shape-memory alloy such as a nickel-titanium alloy known as Nitinol.[0020]
- Preferably, however, the implant has a body with a flexible non-elastic structure, and at least one cord connected to said body in the vicinity of one end of the latter; each cord extends over one lengthwise side of this body up to a location remote from said end, is slidably mounted relative to this body and relative to said location, and has a length such that traction may be exerted thereon once the body has been sutured to said tissues; the whole is shaped such that traction can be exerted on each cord to reduce the length of said body by puckering said structure so as to reduce the circumference of the implant and hence create the annuloplasty.[0021]
- In this case, the detecting means enable the implant to be held in a position wherein each cord is positioned on the radially inner side of the body at the time the implant is being sutured.[0022]
- Once the implant has been sutured, traction is exerted on the cord or cords so as to pucker and hence stiffen said body, then this cord or these cords are sutured so that they can be kept under tension.[0023]
- According to one possible embodiment of the invention, in this case said body is comprised of a braid of textile material, with each cord passing inside this braid.[0024]
- The implant may have a single cord connected to one end of the body and exiting in the vicinity of the other end thereof; preferably, however, the implant has two cords, one of which is connected to one end of the body and the other to the other end of this body, and the two cords each extend substantially over half of the body, up to locations that are near each other and essentially in the median area of this body.[0025]
- According to one possible embodiment of the invention, the instrument has a lateral notch in the vicinity of its distal end that communicates via a slot with a distal opening in this instrument the depth of said notch being such as to uncover the lengthwise side of the body that is destined, after the suturing, to be located radially outside the annuloplasty to be created, but such that it covers the lengthwise side of body destined to be located on the radially inner side of this annuloplasty, namely on the side on which the cord or cords are located.[0026]
- This notch enables only the part of the body that is to be sutured to the tissues to be uncovered, and eliminates any risk of the cord or cords being caught by the suture needle. Preferably, holding means such as the foregoing are located on either side of this notch to fully stiffen the implant at the notch and thus facilitate passage of the suture thread.[0027]
- The instrument may then have two tubular parts of which the first is engaged in the second; said first tubular part has teeth at its distal end that are movable radially between a normal radially outer position in which they allow the implant to slide and a radially inner position in which they grip the implant between them and prevent this sliding, said teeth being shaped such that their radially outer faces project, in said normal position, beyond the outer face of said first tubular part; the second tubular part can slide axially relative to the first tubular part between a retracted position in which it does not abut said radially outer faces of the teeth, and an active position in which it abuts these radially outer faces, and moves the teeth into their radially inner position.[0028]
- According to a second possible embodiment of the invention, the implant body has, viewed transversally, a tubular part and a flat part extending radially relative to said tubular part; the instrument has a tubular part that has a lateral slot provided in its distal part, and has a rod that can be engaged in this tubular part; said tubular part of the body of the implant is engaged inside said tubular part of the instrument and receives said rod therein while said flat part passes through said slot and extends outside said tubular part of the instrument.[0029]
- This slot and this rod constitute said means that lock and hold the implant in the instrument. The implant is released simply by withdrawing the rod as the portions of the implant attached to the tissues to enable the tubular part of the implant body to pass through said slot.[0030]
- The instrument can have two tubular parts, namely the aforementioned tubular part and an outer tubular part in which the aforesaid tubular part is engaged, and the implant is placed therein.[0031]
- Advantageously, the position of said flat part of the implant body extending beyond the instrument has means for attaching the implant to the tissues, which are pre-positioned on said part.[0032]
- These means are in particular comprised of suture threads.[0033]
- This pre-positioning of said attaching means, made possible by the existence of said flat part, considerably facilitate the attaching of the implant to the tissues.[0034]
- Preferably, in this case, the attaching means are comprised of suture threads and, opposite each suture thread, the implant has at least one reel mounted thereon, on which the suture thread is wound. The suture needle connected to this thread can also be held on this reel for as long as it is in use.[0035]
- When the suture threads traverse said flat part, and hence form two strands each that extend on either side of this flat part, the instrument advantageously has one reel on each of these sides located on either side of said flat part, with each of the reels receiving one of the two strands of suture thread.[0036]
- For intelligibility, the invention is described once again below with reference to the attached schematic drawing showing, as nonlimiting examples, two possible embodiments of the annuloplasty device to which it relates.[0037]
- FIG. 1 is a side view of an implant and a tubular instrument of which this device is comprised, according to a first embodiment;[0038]
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of this implant and this instrument, the implant being located outside the instrument;[0039]
- FIG. 3 is a side view of this implant and this instrument, in lengthwise section;[0040]
- FIG. 4 is a highly simplified view of a heart valve on which an annuloplasty is to be done, as well as said implant and instrument;[0041]
- FIGS.[0042]5 to8 are enlarged and highly simplified views of this heart valve and this implant and instrument, during four successive stages of positioning a suture stitch of the implant at a valve tissue;
- FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 4 once the implant has been positioned and before the valve annuloplasty is created;[0043]
- FIG. 10 is a side view, with a partial section of an implant and part of an instrument of which this device is comprised, according to a second embodiment;[0044]
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view along line XI-XI in FIG. 10; and[0045]
- FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of an implant and a part of the instrument according to this second embodiment, the implant being equipped with reels.[0046]
- FIG. 1 represents an implant[0047]1 enabling an annuloplasty to be created on a heart valve and a
tubular instrument 2 enabling said implant1 to be positioned. - Implant[0048]1 comprises a
body 5 composed of a tubular braid made of textile material, for example a polyester, and by twocords 6. - The ends of[0049]
body 5 are tied to keep the strands of the braid together. - One of the ends of a[0050]
cord 6 is connected, by said tie, to one of the ends of the braid while the end of theother cord 6 is connected, by the other tie, to the other end of the same braid. These twocords 6 each have apart 6aextending insidebody 5, along one lengthwise side thereof, up to near the median portion of thisbody 5, and aportion 6bwhich extends beyond thisbody 5, eachcord 6 passing through thisbody 5 and exiting therefrom at said median portion. The twocords 6 can slide inside the braid and through the openings through which they pass through this braid. - The length of these[0051]
cords 6 is such that each ofcords 6 extends outside the body of the patient when implant1 is attached to the valve, as will be described below. - [0052]
Instrument 2 has twotubular parts - Radially[0053]
inner part 10 has alateral notch 12 in the vicinity of its distal end, which communicates withdistal opening 13 of this part via aslot 14. The width of thisslot 14 is such that a suturestitch enabling body 5 to be attached to the heart valve can pass through it. The depth ofnotch 12 is such that this notch uncovers the lengthwise side ofbody 5 opposite the side wherecords 6 are located when these cords are under tension but such that the notch covers this lengthwise side on which saidcords 6 are located. - This[0054]
part 10 also has two pairs ofteeth 15, each pair being located lengthwise on one side ofnotch 12.Part 10 is made of a moldable synthetic material having some degree of flexibility, and eachtooth 15 is made of the same material as thispart 10, by molding, being separated frompart 10 by a U-shaped slot.Teeth 15 of each pair of teeth are diametrically opposite each other and eachtooth 15 has apart 16 resting against implant1, projecting radially insidepart 10. - Each[0055]
tooth 15 normally occupies the position drawn in solid lines in FIG. 3, in which it is inclined outsidepart 10 such that its abuttingpart 16 is located at a distance frombody 5 of implant1. - This same figure shows that the flexibility of the material of which[0056]
part 10 is made enables theseteeth 15 to flex into a radially inner position in whichparts 16 grip the implant1 between them. This grip squeezesbody 5, immobilizing it relative toinstrument 2 both rotationally and slidably with respect thereto. This grip also enablescords 6 to be kept slightly under tension so that they are held along the aforesaid lengthwise side of thisbody 5. - [0057]
Part 11 is engaged onpart 10 and can slide axially relative thereto. It has a proximaltubular part 11a, anintermediate part 11b, and a distaltubular part 11cwhich is slotted lengthwise. FIGS. 2 and 3 show thatparts part 10, to cover proximal anddistal teeth 15 respectively so as to move theseteeth 15 into the aforesaid radially inner position and, in the axial position shown, to be positioned outside theseteeth 15 such that they occupy their normal radially outer position. - [0058]
Part 11bhas a length such thatpart 11cis completely unable to covernotch 12 in this position. - Moreover,[0059]
part 11 is rotationally locked relative topart 10, for example by projections sliding in grooves, such that the slot ofpart 11ccoincides withslot 14. - Proximally,[0060]
instrument 2 has a mark showing the side of this instrument wherenotch 12 is located and enabling thisinstrument 12 to be oriented angularly. - In practice, implant[0061]1 is placed in
instrument 2 such that the distal part of implant1 is at thedistal opening 13 of the instrument andcords 6 extend along the side ofpart 10 opposite the side on whichnotch 12 opens to the outside.Part 11 is then moved relative topart 10, which bringsteeth 15 to their radially inner position and thus immobilizes implant1 relative toinstrument 2 both axially and rotationally while keepingbody 5 tensioned innotch 12. - In order to position implant[0062]1, an incision is made at an appropriate point in the rib cage of the patient, then a trocar containing a tube is inserted under the skin of the patient and through the fat and tissues up to the approaches to the heart valve to be treated.
- The trocar is then withdrawn and the implant[0063]1 together with
instrument 2 are engaged in the body of the patient by means of said tube, then properly oriented by means of the aforesaid proximal mark (FIG. 4). - As shown in FIGS.[0064]5 to7, the suture thread is successively passed into implant1 at notch12 (FIG. 5) then into the fibromuscular
ring surrounding valve 50 to be treated (FIG. 6) then again in implant1 at the notch12 (FIG. 7).Part 11 is then retracted relative topart 10 to allow implant1 to slide in order to dispense an additional portion of this implant1. The suture thread is then knotted to attach the implant to the fibromuscular ring. - [0065]
Part 11 is then advanced again to immobilize implant1 ininstrument 2, then a suture thread is again passed into implant1 at notch12 (FIG. 8) and into the fibromuscular ring; the implant is again allowed to slide for this suture thread to be knotted and an additional portion of implant1 to be dispensed. - These steps are repeated as often as necessary to attach the entire implant[0066]1 around all or part of
valve 50. - Once implant[0067]1 has been attached to the fibromuscular ring, traction is exerted on
cords 6 to reduce the length ofbody 5, puckering its structure, to reduce the circumference of implant1 and thus create the annuloplasty; thecords 6 are then knotted to each other and a knot pusher is used to bring the knot tobody 5 so thatcords 6 are kept under tension. - FIGS.[0068]10 to12 show an implant whose
body 5 is also comprised of a textile braid and is equipped with two stiffening cords as above, not shown. - As shown in these figures,[0069]
body 5, seen in cross section, has atubular part 5aand aflat part 5bextending radially relative to thistubular part 5a.Flat part 5bis traversed by a plurality ofsuture threads 30 lined up with each other, to the ends of which the suture needles are crimped. - [0070]
Instrument 2 has an innertubular part 10 with alateral slot 20 provided in its distal part, and has arod 21 that can be engaged inpart 10, saidrod 21 having a larger diameter than the width ofslot 20. - It appears that[0071]
part 5aof the implant is engaged insidepart 10 and receivesrod 21 within itself whilepart 5bpasses throughslot 20 arriving at the outside ofpart 10. - [0072]
Instrument 2 also has an outer tubular part (not shown) in whichtubular part 10 and the implant placed therein engage. - [0073]
Slot 20 androd 21 constitute means for locking and holding implant1 ininstrument 2. Implant1 is simply released by pulling out said outer tubular part, then withdrawingrod 21 as the portions of implant1 become attached to the tissues, to enablepart 5ato pass throughslot 20. - Thus, as shown in FIG. 12, opposite each[0074]
suture thread 30, on each of the sides ofpart 10 located on either side ofpart 5b, tworeels 22 can be mounted onimplant 2. Each strand of asuture thread 30 is intended to be wound ontoreel 22 located on the same side as itself and the suture needle is intended to be held on thisreel 22 for as long as it is in use. Eachreel 22 can have a circular shape or an oval shape adapted to receive needle31. - The invention thus provides an annuloplasty device usable by a minimally invasive route, particularly for reconstruction of heart valves, so that a relatively noninvasive annuloplasty can be created through one or more approaches formed by passages approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter.[0075]
- It goes without saying that the invention is not confined to the embodiment described above as an example but on the contrary covers all alternative embodiments. Thus, the implant could have an elastic structure and have the aforesaid curved shape in the non-deformed state of this structure, or be made of a shape-memory alloy such as a nickel-titanium alloy known as Nitinol.[0076]
Claims (14)
1. Annuloplasty device usable by a minimally invasive route, in particular for heart valve reconstruction, comprising an implant shaped to be suturable to tissues in order to create the annuloplasty; characterized in that
the implant (1) has an elongate, deformable structure so that it can assume an elongate shape for insertion into the body of the patient through a small-diameter passage, approximately 1 to 2 cm in diameter, and a curved shape adapted for creating the annuloplasty, and
the device has a tubular instrument (2) able to receive said implant (1) at least partially within itself, which is sufficiently rigid to allow insertion of implant (1) into the body of the patient through said passage; this instrument (2) has an opening (12,13) at its distal part enabling access to implant (1) and comprises means (15) for rotationally locking the implant (1) relative thereto, means (15) for holding implant (1) relative thereto, and means for detecting its angular orientation inside the body of the patient.
2. Device according toclaim 1 , characterized in that implant (1) has a body (5) with a non-elastic flexible structure, and at least one cord (6) connected to said body (5) in the vicinity of one end of the latter; each cord (6) extends over one lengthwise side of this body (5) up to a location remote from said end, is slidably mounted relative to this body (5) and relative to said location, and has a length such that traction may be exerted thereon once body (5) has been sutured to said tissues; the whole is shaped such that traction can be exerted on each cord (6) to reduce the length of said body (5) by puckering said structure so as to reduce the circumference of implant (1) and hence create the annuloplasty.
3. Device according toclaim 2 , characterized in that said body (5) is comprised of a braid of textile material and in that each cord (6) passes inside this braid.
4. Device according toclaim 2 , characterized in that the implant (1) has two cords (6) one of which is connected to one end of body (5) and the other to the other end of this body (5) and in that the two cords (6) each extend over substantially half of body (5) up to locations near each other substantially in the median area of this body (5).
5. Device according toclaim 2 , characterized in that the instrument (2) has a lateral notch (12) in the vicinity of its distal end that communicates via a slot (14) with a distal opening (13) in this instrument (2), the depth of said notch (12) being such as to uncover the lengthwise side of body (5) that is destined, after the suturing, to be located radially outside the annuloplasty to be created, but such that it covers the lengthwise side of body (5) destined to be located on the radially inner side of this annuloplasty, namely on the side on which the cord or cords (6) are located.
6. Device according toclaim 5 , characterized in that the holding means referred to above are located on either side of notch (21).
7. Device according toclaim 5 , characterized in that the instrument (2) has two tubular parts (10,11) of which the first (10) is engaged in the second (11); said first tubular part (10) has teeth (15) at its distal end that are movable radially between a normal radially outer position in which they allow implant (1) to slide and a radially inner position in which they grip the implant (1) between them and prevent this sliding, said teeth (15) being shaped such that their radially outer faces project, in said normal position, beyond the outer face of said first tubular part (10); the second tubular part (11) can slide axially relative to the first tubular part (10) between a retracted position in which it does not abut said radially outer faces of the teeth, and an active position in which it abuts these radially outer faces, and moves the teeth into their radially inner position.
8. Device according toclaim 1 , characterized in that the body (5) of implant (1) has, viewed transversally, a tubular part (5a) and a flat part (5b) extending radially relative to said tubular part (5a); the instrument (2) has a tubular part (10) that has a lateral slot (20) provided in its distal part, and has a rod (21) that can be engaged in this tubular part (10); said tubular part (5a) of the body of the implant is engaged inside said tubular part (10) of instrument (2) and receives said rod (21) therein while said flat part (5b) passes through said slot (20) and extends outside said tubular part of the instrument (2).
9. Device according toclaim 8 , characterized in that the instrument (2) has two tubular parts, namely the tubular part (10) referred to above and an outer tubular part in which the aforesaid tubular part (10) and the implant (1) placed therein are engaged.
10. Device according toclaim 8 , characterized in that the portion of said flat part (5b) of the implant body extending beyond instrument (2) has means (30) for attaching the implant to the tissues, which are pre-positioned on said part.
11. Device according toclaim 8 , characterized in that the attaching means are comprised of suture threads (30) and in that the implant (1) has, opposite each suture thread (30), at least one reel (22) mounted thereon, onto which suture thread (30) is wound.
12. Device according toclaim 1 , characterized in that the suture threads (30) pass through said flat part (5b) and in that the instrument has a reel (22) on each of its sides located on either side of said flat part (5b), each of reels (22) receiving one of the two strands of suture thread (30).
13. Device according toclaim 1 , characterized in that the implant has an elastic structure and has the aforementioned curved shape in the non-deformed state of this structure, this implant being deformed elastically when it is engaged in the instrument, then returns to its curved shape as it is dispensed by the instrument.
14. Device according toclaim 1 , characterized in that the implant is made of a shape-memory alloy such as a nickel-titanium alloy known as Nitinol.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/762,348US20040153144A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2004-01-23 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9912976 | 1999-10-12 | ||
| FR9912976AFR2799364B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 1999-10-12 | MINIMALLY INVASIVE CANCELING DEVICE |
| US10/110,042US6689164B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
| US10/762,348US20040153144A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2004-01-23 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
Related Parent Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2000/002814ContinuationWO2001026586A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
| US10/110,042ContinuationUS6689164B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20040153144A1true US20040153144A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
Family
ID=9551058
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/110,042Expired - Fee RelatedUS6689164B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
| US10/762,348AbandonedUS20040153144A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2004-01-23 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/110,042Expired - Fee RelatedUS6689164B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Annuloplasty device for use in minimally invasive procedure |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6689164B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1220651B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003514593A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE262860T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2387960A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60009528T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2799364B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001026586A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60009528D1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| US6689164B1 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
| CA2387960A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| EP1220651B1 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
| FR2799364B1 (en) | 2001-11-23 |
| EP1220651A1 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
| WO2001026586A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| FR2799364A1 (en) | 2001-04-13 |
| JP2003514593A (en) | 2003-04-22 |
| DE60009528T2 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
| ATE262860T1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
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