US20030203717A1 - Satellite based data transfer and delivery system - Google Patents

Abstract

A high speed data transfer system includes a WAU (201) which is utilized to provide high speed data access to satellite transferred data. The system is configured such that a plurality of data utilization devices (205) may access the high speed data via wireless links to the WAU (201). Advantageously, high speed data services may be provided to users without the users requiring individual satellite antennas.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• This invention relates to bi-directional communication systems and methods, and in particular, to an integrated satellite based data communication system.[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• Business, retail, medical, university, transportation center and residential customers have a need for high data rate media transfer systems that link or interface to data utilization devices, such as personal computers (PCs) and workstations. As used herein, PCs will be understood to include personal computers, workstations and other similar data acquisition and/or origination terminals. A need exists for providing low cost wireless and wired high data rate/low delay information exchange to customer data utilization devices. Currently, no wireless high data rate bi-directional service exists between consumers, satellites, and wireline services. One problem with existing terrestrial systems is that the data transfer rate is relatively slow or alternatively is expensive. With current methods, data transfer is typically slow, resulting in long data-download times. Furthermore, real-time, high fidelity audio/video is often impractical given the current state-of-the-art. To provide high data rate capability to all potential users requires a high cost in capital equipment and assets or fixed-site operation to provide a system with widespread accessibility. So called “wireless” systems can provide significant high data rate transfers and widespread accessibility. However, no system presently exists incorporating inexpensive wireless transfer of satellite, terrestrial backbones, cellular data services, and wireline data which will provide economic access to such wireless and wired data sources. It is also desirable to provide for accessing information by wireless methods thereby providing freedom of movement for users and elimination of the cost of wired infrastructure.[0002]
• Satellite based systems are under construction or are proposed which will make high data rate/low delay information transfer widely available. However, as presently planned or proposed such satellite systems require an expensive satellite transceiver and directional antenna at each user. What is needed are low cost software configurable satellite interfaces that leverage existing consumer equipment (e.g., laptop, palmtop, and desktop computers). For instance, at least one proposed system requires that each business and each residence have a stationary direct satellite link for the exchange of high speed data including multimedia data. In addition, there are many terrestrial data sources or sites with which it is desirable to have high speed data access. Such sites vary in the number of data consumers over the course of time. Hence, data demand can vary as customers enter or leave service areas. Therefore, it is further desirable to provide a system which will permit mobile access to high speed data sources and not have high associated costs as are required for existing data transfer systems and apparatus. It is also desirable that these data services provide self forming network services, depending upon spatial proximity of mobile users and data and bandwidth demands of stationary customers. Further, data information sources each use specific protocols for data routing transfer, packetizing, and switching. Therefore, there is a further need for a wireless interface to multiple data sources that provides a seamless, transparent interface between user and data service.[0003]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
• The invention will be better understood from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawing figures in which like reference designators are use to identify like elements, and in which:[0004]
• FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a system in accordance with the principles of the invention;[0005]
• FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of the system of FIG. 1 in greater detail;[0006]
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a subsystem utilized in the system portion of FIG. 2;[0007]
• FIG. 4 illustrates different payload data which are utilized in the system of FIG. 1;[0008]
• FIG. 5 is a system block diagram illustrating the access of a number of subscribers to the subsystem of FIG. 3;[0009]
• FIG. 6 illustrates a data frame structure utilized in the system of FIG. 1;[0010]
• FIG. 7 is a joint time-frequency diagram illustrating dynamic allocation of unused and/or underused spectrum;[0011]
• FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a system having a spectrum scanning mode in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;[0012]
• FIG. 9 is a spectrum diagram illustrating a possible spectrum for a system implementing a frequency hopping/direct sequence spread spectrum approach in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and[0013]
• FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a communications system utilizing a frequency hopping/direct sequence spread spectrum approach in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• In accordance with the principles of the invention, a system is provided in which high data rate, low delay wireless data communication is provided to pluralities of users. Each plurality of users is served from a single, central wireless access unit (WAU). The WAU, in accordance with the invention, provides centralized wireless access for a plurality of users to satellite data communications and in addition, provides access to other high data rate services which may be wireless or wired. The invention advantageously provides for wireless communication between each data utilization device or PC and the WAU thereby permitting users to access the high data rate, low delay data from substantially any location within the range of the WAU. Thus, a system in accordance with the invention provides that a plurality of users may access satellite transferred data and wired data services, via one or more WAU devices, thereby allowing wireless bi-directional interchange of data. In a system in accordance with the invention, a plurality of users of high data rate, low delay wireless data access a proximity WAU which in turn accesses a satellite link or another WAU, or one or more of a number of wired and wireless services available within proximity of the WAU. In addition to independent access to one or more WAU devices, each user may also transfer data in a distributed peer-to-peer fashion.[0015]
• In accordance with the principles of the invention, a Wireless Information Technology System (WITS) is provided which interfaces to multiple information sources and extends these services via wireless links, to users while providing self-forming network adaptability, frequency adaptability, modulation adaptability, interference suppression adaptability, overlay adaptability, and bandwidth adaptability. The system performs a seamless protocol transformation of subscriber data, providing a near transparent interface between consumer and desired information sources. A system in accordance with the principles of the invention provides for high data rate wireless information exchange to a plurality of users from a satellite antenna and associated satellite communication system, other terrestrial wireless systems or wired bi-directional data systems and sources. As used herein, the term “high data rate” is typically used to refer to data rates exceeding, for example, 400 kilobits per second (kbps).[0016]
• In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, the WAU provides the ability to access information by wireless methods, thereby providing freedom of movement for users and elimination of the cost of a wired infrastructure between each user and the data communication services. By permitting wireless access between each PC and the WAU, a plurality of users located within wireless range of the WAU can access the high speed satellite, terrestrial microwave and cellular data services via the WAU. Access to multiple information sources and extension of these services via wireless links to the PC users is possible with the system in accordance with the invention. Each WAU and its associated users forms a cell within which users have wireless access to data services via the WAU. Since users can be mobile, one embodiment of the invention includes self-forming network adaptability whereby mobile nodes are “affiliated” with a nearby WAU automatically. As users move into other WAU cells, the cells perform handoff and affiliation functions for seamless data access. Advantageously, a single WITS WAU satellite transceiver microwave and cellular data subsystem or interface can service multiple users whether the users are mobile or stationary. In addition, wired services may be provided to those same users without the expense or difficulty of providing a wired connection to each user.[0017]
• Turning now to FIG. 1, a system in accordance with the invention is shown. The system includes one or[0018]more satellites101 which are part of a constellation of satellites. The constellation may be any one of several satellite constellations, such as a constellation of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites or of high earth orbit (HEO) satellites, which includes middle earth orbit (MEO) and geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellites, or a constellation comprising both LEO and HEO satellites such as in the Celestri™ system developed by the assignee of the present invention. Satellite, or platform,101 may have an intersatellite link (ISL), or interplatform link,102 to one or more additional satellites101awhich forms part of a satellite constellation. Satellite101 also hassatellite links110 to aground antenna111 which is coupled tooptional gateway104. Gateway104 may be a satellite gateway of a type well known to those skilled in the art to provide access to various information sources, such as IP or PSTN/ISDN, for example.
• [0019]Satellite101 may be accessed by a plurality ofcells103 that performs seamless protocol transformation and multi-port distribution to a plurality ofusers105. Although only sixcells103 are shown, it should be appreciated that a larger or smaller number of terrestrial cells may be accessible by the satellite constellation. What is needed are cell-specific applications, whereby each cell will have a different type of data service tailored to the user requirements of each cell population. For example, medical campus requirements will use the invention for data transfer services that include: patient records, outpatient data, X-rays, CAT scans, MRI scans, provider consult data, insurance data links, transcription data, telemedicine services, billing, medical order transfer, medical research, and real time audiovisual medivac data. University campus services can use the invention for: records maintenance (e.g., transcripts, billing, etc.), library access, internet access, virtual professorships, research, remote audiovisual class attendance, inter campus housing, and inter university LANs. Neighborhood applications for the invention include: DSS delivery, movies on demand, internet access, telephony services, video telephone services, high-definition television (HDTV) services, real time on-demand CD audio, home shopping, home banking, profile based information delivery, and remote home environment management. Industrial campus applications of the invention include: wireless LANs, shop assembly and parts coordination, paging services, inventory control and RF tag services, telecommuting services, and remote sensor applications for electric, oil, gas, water, and other similar utilities. Commercial and retail campus services provided by the invention include: billing services, real time inventory control, real time shopping services, advertisement applications, real time delivery tracking, audiovisual customer service, reservation services, staff management and tracking, and security applications. Mobile applications of the invention include: vehicle tracking, real time location information, real time map delivery, and high speed passenger internet access.
• For any data service provided by the invention, custom software will be provided to an individual user via[0020]disks210 or directly over the high speed wireless link, once subscription confirmation has been received. This software will provide user access to the type of data desired. Hence,data utilization device205 is understood to be a general purpose, software configurable appliance which is uniquely and dynamically tailored to user data requirements and cell populations. Eachcell103 has aWAU201 and a corresponding group ofusers105. Accordingly, each of theusers105 are able to communicate withsatellite101, or other high data rate services that are processed throughgateway104, by transferring data to and fromWAU201. This avoids the need for eachuser105 to communicate directly withsatellite101, which would require a separate high cost transceiver and associated satellite antenna with proper placement for satellite visibility.
• Turning now to FIG. 2, a portion of one of the[0021]cells103 is shown in greater detail. Eachcell103 includes asatellite antenna200 coupled to aWITS WAU201. TheWITS WAU201 typically includes a transceiver for transferring information betweenWAU201 and the users associated with thecell103, as will be described in more detail when discussing FIG. 3.WITS WAU201 is preferably located at a high point in the cell region, such as on top of a utility pole, an antenna tower, or on top of a building. In general, it is desirable to mount theWAU201 to a preexisting structure within the103 to reduce WITS implementation costs. In one embodiment of the invention, theWAU201 is implemented in a relatively compact, lightweight package that can be easily mounted by a single installer. The package can include, for example, a clamp for fastening theWAU201 to a pole or other structure. In addition to providing ease of installation, the compact, lightweight package also facilitates maintenance of theWAU201. That is, theWAU201 may be easily removed for periodic servicing and/or replacement.
• The position of[0022]WAU201 within thecell103 is a factor in determining the area or range of operation in which users may accessWAU201. In general, the higher theWAU201 is mounted within the cell, the greater the possible range of coverage. In one approach, relatively small cells having relatively few users per cell are used. Using this approach, theWAU201 can be mounted lower in thecell103, such as on the top of astreet light post210. In the preferred embodiment, the nominal range of eachWAU201 will be in excess of one mile.
• High density dwelling conditions, such as in high rise office and apartment buildings, typically prevent use of satellite tracking antennas by each resident. The use of a[0023]WITS WAU201 in accordance with the invention addresses this limitation by allowing users to access data from satellites via theWITS WAU201 which is located in a position for tracking and communicating with the satellites. The satellite access antenna may be of dish type, or, for more flexible satellite access, a phased array antenna.
• Each user in the[0024]cell103 typically has adata utilization device205 which, for example, can take the form of a personal computer (PC)203.WITS WAU201 provides wireless access and distribution of high speed data services from satellites, for example, to a plurality ofdata utilization devices205, typically includingPC units203 in a high density complex, and eliminates the need for wiring each building unit with satellite antenna capability. In a preferred embodiment,WITS WAU201 will also incorporate an omnidirectional antenna for data transfer to/from user terminals, although other antenna configurations may also be appropriate.
• Each[0025]PC203 is a platform that accepts software files designed to program and interact with a subscriber interface module (SIM)204.SIM204 may take the form of, or be included within, a PCMCIA type card. In an alternate embodiment,SIM204 may be a separate portable device that connects using a PCMCIA bus slot ofPC203.SIM204 includes atransceiver207 to provide the wireless connection toWITS WAU201 for data services.SIM204 includes (or can be connected to) anantenna206 of conventional design for the frequency band of interest and desired polarization (e.g., circular polarization) or sectored antennas.Transceiver207 performs all modulation and demodulation functions for transmit and receive communications to theWITS WAU201. In this regard,SIM204 can, in one embodiment, receive commands and/or configuration data from thePC203 for use in processing any of a number of different waveforms.
• In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, data transfers between the[0026]WITS WAU201 andtransceiver207 provide minimum interference to existing terrestrial voice and data services by utilizing spread spectrum transmission and/or by utilizing portions of the spectrum that are not currently occupied. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment,transceiver207 is a spread spectrum transceiver or high data rate transceiver, both with multiple access capability.
• [0027]PC203 may also includedrive208 for receiving one ormore disks210 having specific wireless application software stored thereon. This allows thePC203 to be upgraded to higher capacity and more bandwidth efficient waveforms. In addition to link-specific software, drive208 anddisks210 also provide functionality specific to the type of data service being utilized by the consumer.
• Turning now to FIG. 3,[0028]WITS WAU201 is shown in block diagram form.WITS WAU201 includes asatellite antenna200 coupled to a satellite communication (satcom)transceiver subsystem303.Satellite antenna200 may be a dish type, or, for more flexible satellite access, a phased array antenna.Satcom transceiver subsystem303 is coupled to a satcom wiredinfrastructure interface305. Satcom wiredinfrastructure interface305 can be coupled to various wired data services available in the vicinity ofWITS WAU201 and which are collectively identified as wiredservices212.Wired services212 may also be accessed viawireless WAU link213, which communicates with other WAU devices in a peer-to-peer fashion. In this manner, only select WAU devices require wired connections towired services212. Wireless WAU link213 may be a separate antenna, or, alternatively may be included in the functionality ofsatellite antenna200. As noted above, wired services include, but are not limited to, ISDN, cable and fiber optic accessible services. Satcom wiredinfrastructure interface305 can also be coupled to variousterrestrial wireless services214. These services can include, but are not limited to, terrestrial microwave links, cellular, and land mobile radio services.
• A seamless[0029]protocol transformation processor307 is utilized to provide for protocol transformations between data protocols from: (i)satcom transceiver subsystem303, (ii) wiredservices212, (iii) terrestrial wireless services, (iv) terrestrial microwave services, and (v) cellular/land mobile services and the data protocols used to link touser PCs203 with wireless signals.
• A wireless modem distribution processor (WDP)[0030]309 is coupled betweenprotocol transformation processor307 andRF modules317 and319 which are in turn coupled toantenna321. Aprocessor325 is coupled viabus323 to satcom wiredinfrastructure interface305, seamlessprotocol transformation processor307, wirelessmodem distribution processor309, andRF modules317 and319.Processor325 includes associated memory which is not shown, but which is familiar to those skilled in the art. As will also be understood by those skilled in the art, although the block diagram of FIG. 3 illustrates various blocks, the individual blocks may be implemented in either hardware or software and thebus structure323, as well as the various connections between blocks, are intended to indicate functional interconnection rather than to indicate actual physical connections. The various processors indicated in the drawing ofWITS WAU201 may be implemented in one or more actual processors.Processor325, as well as the other processors indicated in the FIG. 3, if separately implemented, may be a commercially available processor, such as microprocessors available from Motorola, Inc., the assignee of the present invention. This host processor and bus structure is capable of sending status messages describing WAU utilization, node command, spectral conflicts, special requests, and relative software uploads, failures, need for network restart, and power loss.WITS WAU201 also includedencryption processor326 which provides wireless transfer security.
• [0031]Satellite antenna200 is used to establish and maintain the link to asatellite101.Antenna200 is coupled in conventional fashion to thesatcom transceiver subsystem303.Satcom transceiver303 is of conventional design and provides a high data rate bi-directional link tosatellite constellation101 viaantenna200.
• [0032]WITS WAU201 is interfaced withwired services212 via satcom wiredinfrastructure interface305 andwireless WAU link213.Processor325 includes selection capability to select a data route via satellite, terrestrial microwave, cellular data, WAU peer-to-peer, or the variouswired services212 based on cost, information content, and delay profiles selected and transferred to theWITS WAU201 by means of automatic user node affiliation, and maintained in WITS WAU memory. Alternatively, software in theWITS WAU201 can automatically select one service from multiple choices based upon predetermined parameters or algorithms. The software can also provide adaptive functionality for waveforms transmitted viaantenna321 and wireless WAU link213 including, but not limited to, frequency, modulation and bandwidth.
• [0033]WITS WAU201 supports software configurable modem technology that provides a family of wireless signals such as DSPN/CDMA, QAM/TDMA, PSK/OFDM, FH/CDMA, and other wireless multiple access techniques that are compatible with the local data utilization devices. Further, various wireless interfaces may be provided through the use ofprogrammable modem modules311,313,315, and316. Modem modules311-315 are typical examples of howWDP309 may be programmed (i.e., to support, for example, code division multiple access (CDMA), time-division multiple access (TDMA), and frequency division multiple access (FDMA)). It should be understood that other wireless multiple access schemes are also possible as needed. In a preferred embodiment, hybrid spread spectrum modulation is used viahybrid SS module316. In this preferred embodiment, hybrid modulation includes both frequency hop (FR) and direct sequence (DS) methods in order to minimize WITS service impact on existing wireless services, while simultaneously reducing the interference impact of these existing services on the WITS-delivered data. FIG. 9 illustrates an example FH/DS hybrid spectrum300, including typical interference sources, such as fading302,pilot tone interference304,noise interference306, and baudedco-channel interference308. Each hop frequency fn is spread over a corresponding channel consisting of bandwidth WsN, for a total spreading bandwidth of Wt. Although four hopping bands are shown in the FIG. 9, the actual number of hopping frequencies will vary depending upon the environment and spectrum availability. When operating near or below the ambient noise floor, spreading the hop impulse in this manner results in a spectral distribution that minimizes the WITS interference impact on existing wireless services, while allowing for the application of interference suppression algorithms atdata utilization device205. Since spreading serves to improve interference immunity, reduced hop bandwidths may be implemented to lower hop rates which are less than the current state-of-the-art. These lower hop rates and bandwidths will enable simplified transceiver implementations. Note that when the DS processing gain is low, the FH/DS hybrid will approach the pure FH system. Hence, in one embodiment, the invention further includes the ability to adjust the hop bandwidths and spreading sequences depending on the contiguous spectrum availability and existing service density and sensitivity requirements. Furthermore, since DSPN is applied primarily for the purposes of impulse concealment and interference rejection functionality, power control issues are less problematic. Hence, a small number of spreading sequences may be used primarily to prevent the damaging effects of hop collisions between sub-nets (e.g., adjacent WITS cells).
• FIG. 10 illustrates one embodiment of the FH/DS approach showing a[0034]transmitter310, areceiver312, and correspondingchannel interference sources314,315. The figure shows in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) data being spread by a pseudo-noise (PN) spreadingsequence316 and shifted via ahop sequence318 and direct digital synthesizer (DDS) prior to channel transmission. Any modulation source may be used, for example, a QPSK source may be implemented for the I,Q data stream with a sufficient DS processing gain, for example, 24-33 dB. Note from the figure that the channel interference sources include a fading component, H(s). Frequency selective fades may be mitigated via adaptive signal processing. For wideband interference sources and shadowing fades, channel coding can provide sufficient gain to close the link, albeit at a reduction in data throughput. Referring again to FIG. 10, note that thereceiver312 tunes eachWsN340 corresponding to thehop sequence342, with timing given by t_refsupplied by, for example, stable oscillators or GPS data. The corrupted data is then passed to anadaptation processor320, which may be located on eitherSIM204 ordata utilization device205. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, theadaptation processor320 which performsperiodic state estimation322, stores the state information tointerference state memory324, and, in parallel, performsinterference countermeasures326 corresponding to the prior interference state. Following theadaptation processor320, the restored data is correlated328 against theappropriate PN sequence330 for despreading, and demodulated332, producing estimates of the I and Q data streams.WITS WAU201 also includes one or more common software basedWDPs309 that supply programmable data rates and waveform modes appropriate to communicate withdata utilization devices205.
• Satcom transceiver subsystem (STS)[0035]303 has the capability to acquire, track, demodulate, and maintain contact to LEO and HEO satellites, and/or other platforms, which may include Geosynchronous Earth Orbiting (GEO) satellite up/downlinks.STS303 is of conventional design.Interface305 comprises conventional interfaces toSTS303, terrestrial microwave and cellular data services, and to the ISDN, cable and fiber networks. By providing connection to these services atWITS WAU201, the data services provided by these various high data rate services are provided to all users of theWITS WAU201 without the necessity of providing connections directly from each satellite antenna or terrestrial wireless systems to each individual user.
• [0036]WITS WAU201 may operate with a variety of service-dependent protocols. Accordingly, to facilitate the flexibility of operating with the various protocols,WITS WAU201 includes a seamless protocol transformation (SPT)processor307 for providing a seamless protocol transformation such that whatever signal protocol is received from the sources coupled tointerface305 is transformed to the proper data link layer format for wireless transmission to theusers105 ofWAU201.SPT processor307 receives a satcom, microwave, cellular, or wired signal from the appropriate transceiver interfaces305 and307 and transforms it up the open signaling interface (OSI) protocol stack layer to provide a multiple access system that allows connectivity to many users.SPT processor307 performs bi-directional physical and upper layer mapping and transformations to provide compatibility with the final stage media transmission with appropriate mobile identification. The functionality ofSPT processor307 includes ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)-to-wireless, ISDN-to-wireless, Cable-to-wireless, fiber optic-to-wireless, terrestrial wireless-to-wireless, and other protocol transformations.SPT processor307 provides transformation between theWDP309 andinterface305.
• [0037]WDP309 is a software configurable modem for providing a family of wireless signals, such as frequency hop (FH)/CDMA, DSPN/CDMA311, QAM/TDMA313, PSK/OFDM315 and other multiple access techniques. The various signals are utilized to provide modulation signals information to a transceiver comprisingRF modules317,319 which are operable in various modulation arrangements, such as PSK-OFDM, SSPN, SSFH, and other high data rate modes. Spread spectrum techniques allow operation in areas of the spectrum that are already occupied by other systems, without interfering with the other systems. Modulation formats are software selectable withinWITS WAU201 and are remotely programmable as well as field programmable.
• FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of the[0038]SPT processor307 with respect to a plurality of different payload data, whereby each data payload has certain attributes associated therewith. For example,data payload401 includes data that is characteristic of fiber optic data.SPT processor307 provides the transformation from the specific protocols associated withwired protocols401,403,405,satcom payload407,terrestrial microwave protocol409,cellular protocol411, andwireless distribution protocol413 toRF modules317 and319. Subsequently, the information is transferred to and fromcell users105.
• [0039]WITS WAU201 provides high data rate satellite signals and information to its local area with minimum interference to existing terrestrial voice and data services.WDP309 andRF modules317 and319 facilitate spread spectrum signals, including for example, frequency hopped signals, direct sequence signals, or hybrid signals, whereby spread spectrum signal technology is utilized to allow existing narrowband signals for cellular and land mobile radio (LMR) traffic, among others, to occupy the same frequency bands without impact on these services. Spread spectrum signals support multiple access schemes to increase user density on each channel and improve spectrum reuse. Spread spectrum signals are especially effective in overcoming frequency selective fading, common to urban mobile environments. A high data rate capability facilitates transfer of video and other large files with low delay to the end user.
• Turning now to FIG. 5, the profiling capability of the[0040]WITS WAU201 is illustrated.Processor325 of FIG. 3 provides for storing, in memory, various user specific profiles501-505 for each user PC203 (of FIG. 2) wherebyPC203 forwards this information toWITS WAU201. For each user registered with WITS WAU201 a specific user profile is established, whereby representative user profiles501,503 and505 are shown in FIG. 5. Each user profile may, for example, indicate the users wireless interface capability to the WITS WAU (e.g., bandwidth allocation). Further, each user profile may be used to identify the service to which the user subscribes as well as providing cost limits on what the user is willing to pay for service. Also, the user profile may include limits of the hardware and limits on the data rates. Profile information can include specifying information types, time of day or date-based delivery, and the type of data services that the user would like to receive. Profiles may also specify time delay limits on delivery. Profile information can also identify specified types of data such as advertising which the user would like to reject as well as preferred data sources for scanning user-provided keywords. When a user initiates contact toWITS WAU201, profile information is provided in a wireless segment or packet and received byWITS WAU201.Processor325 of FIG. 3 forwards profile information toSPT307 which stores profile information and operates as an intelligent agent.SPT307 then is operable to filter the data to and from each of the users.
• FIG. 6 illustrates a frame format for a typical signal that comes in to[0041]WITS WAU201 from one of the plurality of data payloads401-413. The format is illustrated for a wire to wireless signal, such as cable. That signal enters theWITS WAU201 via wire line. The signal has a frame structure or protocol that includessynchronization bits601,control bits602, sortingagent bits603, anddata bits605.Synchronization bits601 are utilized to provide coherence betweenWAU201 and the payloads.Control bits602 are utilized to set various control parameters betweenWAU201 and the payloads, such as: 1) multiple access modulation type/rate, 2) message source/destination, 3) message type-length, 4) error coding type, 5) power level, 6) source destination routing tree, 7) time priority and 8) data loss. Sorting agent bits, or sorting fields,603 are utilized for determining whether data is for a particular user based on its user profile and the type of information that the user desires to receive. Finally, data bits, or data field,605 includes the data to be transferred.SPT307 utilizes intelligentagent information segment602 and decides whether this information is valid and should be forwarded on. If it is not valid,SPT307 does not load that application for retransmittal. IfSPT307 determines that the data is valid for a particular user, that data is then decoded, error corrected, and reformatted into the appropriate wireless access protocol for the specified user.
• In operation,[0042]WITS WAU201 is capable of automatic spectral awareness and management for the frequency channels used in the wireless distribution of information to each user.Processor325 operates in cooperation withRF modules317 and319 to search for the unoccupied spectrum when operating in areas that will not allow fixed or preassigned operating bands and channels. The designated operating bands are scanned and spectral activity estimates of this possible channel space are developed. Decision criteria are applied byprocessor325 to select the proper operating center frequencies and to periodically assess and reallocate to new bands as the background wireless systems dictate.
• The unique spectral awareness capabilities of the[0043]WITS WAU201 allow selection of the operating bands within the coverage of theSIM204. This reduces interference on the existing wireless systems not related toWITS WAU201. Dynamic spectrum awareness knowledge of transmission activity occurring simultaneously on other channels is used to prevent interference.
• The above-described capabilities facilitate automatic spectrum planning and co-site contention resolution during system setup and service initiation. In this scenario, throughput preservation and system overlay capability is at odds with fixed-frequency paradigms. Growing spectral clutter is evidenced by increasing commercial services, such as PCS, AMPS-IS136, IS-95, GSM, DSS, Iridium, Celestri, and Teledesic. Historically, spectrum utilization has tended toward the lower frequencies occupying a tiny fraction (i.e., 1%) of available bandwidth. As commercial spectral usage increases into the next century, communication systems will inevitably face constricting limits on information capacity. Without a means and method for signal coexistence, communication systems will be forced to move to ever higher bands of operation. In a cluttered environment, anywhere from 100 MHz to 2 GHz of bandwidth will be needed to ensure high multimedia throughput and multi-access performance. What is needed are new technologies that overcome the bandwidth limitation problem by adaptively increasing data throughput without adding bandwidth. The system of the present invention solves the bandwidth/throughput problem via adaptive spectrum exploitation (ASE). ASE will enable automatic time sharing of intermittently used or unused spectral regions. Methods used by ASE are well within the capabilities of software programmable radios.[0044]
• In a preferred embodiment, adaptive spectrum exploitation is performed using transform domain methods on a joint time frequency (JTF) basis. FIG. 7 illustrates the JTF signal plane, whereby a[0045]data signal450 is dynamically allocated to unused or under-used portions of the spectrum. In one embodiment, the spectrum scanning is performed by a single programmable WITS WAU, which controls a distributed network ofdata utilization devices205 within a given cell. In this manner, the controlling WITS WAU within the cell is assigned the task of spectrum scanning, analysis, and coordination. FIG. 8 illustrates a conceptual block diagram of this function within asystem460 having aWITS WAU462 and autilization device464. In this embodiment, thesystem460 uses a frequency hopping spectral adaptation approach. Note that for this mode of operation, theWITS WAU462 scans the available spectrum to find the under-used portions of the spectrum. Adaptation is performed in two distinct modes of operation for sparse vs. non-sparse spectra. Methods include radiometric analysis, signal parameter extraction, traffic pattern analysis, and channel activity prediction. In this dynamic environment, issues of rate adaptation, modulation adaptation (i.e., M-ary constellation order), and total bandwidth adaptation are considered. Although FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 illustrate a pure frequency hop approach, hybrid methods which conceal the hop impulse (e.g., FH/DSPN hybrid) may also be considered for applications requiring further signal concealment protection.
• Surveillance and monitoring is gained via analysis of the spectrum using feature plane transformations, such as amplitude projections, phase projections, time projections, detection information, and signal correlation data. These transformations are analyzed to provide information specific to each discrete signal within the analysis bandwidth, such as type, frequency range, transmit probabilities, and signal strength. The feature plane transformations are computed from the JTF matrix H of order n,m, where n represents a contiguous time index and m represents a contiguous spectral index, as is indicated by[0046]Equation 1.$\begin{array}{cc}H=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}h\left(0,0\right)& h\left(1,0\right)& h\left(2,0\right)\dots & h\left(m-1,0\right)\\ h\left(0,1\right)& ·& ·& ·\\ h\left(0,2\right)& & & \\ ·& ·& ·& ·\\ ·& & & \\ h\left(0,n-1\right)& ·& ·& h\left(m-1,n-1\right)\end{array}\right]& \mathrm{Eq}.1\end{array}$

  
• Parameter extraction algorithms well within the capabilities of programmable radios are used to compute a snapshot of spectral activity corresponding to H. The following structure comprises a candidate parameter set for one embodiment of the invention:[0047]

  	fm_dev	% Instantaneous frequency bandwidth
  	fm_modes	Discrete frequency steps
  	fm_center	Center frequency
  	am_dev	% amplitude Excursion
  	am_modes	Discrete amplitude steps
  	am_center	Mean amplitude
  	pm_dev	% Discriminator width
  	pm_modes	Discrete phase modes
  	pm_center	Mean discriminant value
  	pk_ave	Peak signal envelope to mean value
  	pk_rms	Peak signal envelope to rms value
  	bd_rate	Signal baud rate
  	dt_cycle	Duty cycle
  	cr_line	Chip rate line.

• In addition to the adaptive exploitation of spectral “holes”, it may also be desirable to employ the spectrum scanning and analysis in a tagging mode. In this manner, signals within the band of interest may be identified and tagged such as military, cellular, satcom, broadcast, global positioning system (GPS), and pager. Data of interest may also include TDOA estimates and network identification tags. This emitter analysis mode will provide network managers with expanded spectral awareness for each cell in the network. This information is communicated via the satellite/platform or wireline links shown in FIG. 2.[0048]
• At sufficiently high frequencies with wide bandwidths of operation, the spectral planning may allow the WITS WAU in the cell to access the spectrum in a uniform distribution. In this straightforward mode, the MAI characteristics will depend primarily on the number of users accessing the selected bandwidth. Naturally, higher frequency propagation loss characteristics will result in smaller cells with fewer users per cell, while increased bandwidths will enhance system robustness to interference. In this mode of operation, the transmission characteristics will include both frequency hopping and pulse concealment methods in order to avoid interference with fixed communication systems.[0049]
• [0050]WITS WAU201 solves the difficult problem of interpreting one protocol down to a critical OSI layer and inserting another protocol layer for the new transmission format without affecting the message information content.WITS WAU201 combines the signal processing and signal protocols associated withSTS303,WDP309, and theSPT processor307 with a common bus and hardware/software platform to reduce delay, maintain the high data rates and multiple access capability, and choose the proper cost method.
• [0051]WITS WAU201 collects and maps the user profile information for best “information contouring.” This feature filters information to reduce the amount of bandwidth or transmission time allocated to a wireless user. This also reduces the information load on the user.

  SCHEDULE A

  Docket No.	Ctry	App No.	App.Dt.	Title
  C1836K	USA	09/642382	22AU2000	ANTENNA MOUNTING APPARATUS
  2937 C01	USA	09/580291	26MY2000	ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4002	USA	09/276588	25MR1999	IMAGE ENCODER USING DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND TRELLIS
  				CODED QUANTIZATION
  4004	USA	09/050293	30MR1998	ADAPTIVE WAVELET CODING OF HYP ERSPECTRAL IMAGERY
  4097	USA	08/991822	17DE1997	DISTRIBUTED PACKET COMMUNICATION NETWORK
  4160	USA	09/390785	07SE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A WEARABLE COMPUTER
  4178	USA	09/066794	27AP1998	SATELLITE BASED DATA TRANSFER AND DELIVERY SYSTEM
  4191	USA	09/124719	30JL1998	RADIO WIRELINE INTERFACE AND METHOD FOR SECURE
  				COMMUNICATION
  4296	USA	09/093083	08JE1998	TRAFFIC KEY ACCESS METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR SECURE
  				COMMUNICATION WITHOUT KEY ESCROW FACILITY
  4327	USA	09/240948	28JA1999	METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS TO A SHARED SECRET
  4329	USA	09/425129	22OC1999	RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATION
  4330	USA	09/288067	05AP1999	ENCRYPTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING SECURE
  				DATA OVER A HIGH SPEED SERIAL LINK
  4344	USA	09/400258	21SE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DATA SCRAMBLING
  4357	USA	09/666325	19SE2000	METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS SYSTEM
  				RESOURCES IN A REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM
  4367	USA	09/685497	10OC2000	METHOD FOR PRECOMPENSATING FREQUENCY DATA FOR USE IN HIGH
  				VELOCITY SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
  4368	USA	09/464975	16DE1999	BURST COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS
  4456	USA	09/369463	06AU1999	VOICE DECODER AND METHOD FOR DETECTING CHANNEL ERRORS
  				USING SPECTRAL ENERGY EVOLUTION
  4459	USA	09/478058	05JA2000	COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI-RATE, CANNEL-
  				OPTIMIZED TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION
  4472	USA	09/370191	09AU1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DELAY LOCK LOOP
  				TRACKING OF GPS PSEUDO RANDOM CODES
  4476	USA	09/443597	19NO1999	SEPERATION KERNEL WITH MEMORY ALLOCATION, REMOTE
  				PROCEDURE CALL AND EXCEPTION HANDLING MECHANISMS
  4486	USA	09/465962	17DE1999	SATELLITE RELAY METHOD AND APPARATUS
  4497	USA	09/493825	28JA2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCURATELY DETERMINING THE
  				POSITION OF SATELLITES IN GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS
  4501	USA	09/540022	31MR2000	SCALABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE
  4549	USA	09/650516	29AU2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING INTEROPERATION
  				BETWEEN A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A PUBLIC
  				SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK
  4550	USA	09/696370	25OC2000	A PACKET RELAY PROTOCOL BASED ON FLOOD ROUTING WITH
  				RANDOM DELAY BEFORE RETRANSMISSION
  4562	USA	09/586120	02JE2000	DYNAMIC HARDWARE RESOURCE MANAGER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED
  				COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  4564	USA	09/568171	10MY2000	SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM EXECUTION
  4566	USA	09/615303	13JL2000	METHOD OF REGULATING A FLOW OF DATA IN A COMMUNICATION
  				SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
  4567	USA	09/649559	28AU2000	TRANSMITTER HAULING PROGRAMABLE TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS
  				TEMPORALLY ALIGNED WITH PAYLOAD AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4572	USA	09/570129	12MY2000	RADIO TRANSMISSION TIMING CALIBRATOR
  4574	USA	09/592230	12JE2000	HARDWARE RESOURCE IDENTIFIER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED
  				COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  4575	USA	09/618401	18JL2000	CONFIGURABLE SOFTWARE OBJECT DISTRIBUTOR AND SIMULATOR
  				FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  4577	USA	09/610740	06JL2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES IN
  				A DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION
  4578	USA	09/639496	14AU2000	SYMBOL SYNCHRONIZER FOR SOFTWARE DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS
  				SYSTEM SIGNAL COMBINER
  4581	USA	09/578112	24MY2000	DYNAMIC DC BALANCING OF A DIRECT CONVERSION RECEIVER AND
  				METHOD
  4582	USA	09/636139	10AU2000	RF CONTROL INTERFACE FOR SYSTEM WITH SPATIALLY SEPARATED
  				COMPONENTS
  4591	USA	09/833005	12AP2001	METHOD FOR SECURELY PROVIDING ENCRYPTION KEYS
  4596	USA	09/667903	22SE2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ERROR-RESILIENT VIDEO CODING
  4597	USA	09/717592	21NO2000	METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT RECOGNITION AND
  				COMPRESSIONP
  4655	USA	09/822149	02AP2001	ACTIVE INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR UTILIZING RECOMBINANT
  				TRANSMULTIPLEXING
  9045	USA	09/145805	02SE1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ASYCHRONOUS ADAPTIVE PROTOCOL
  				LAYER TUNNING
  9055	USA	09/186086	05NO1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING
  				IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  13913	USA	09/473349	28DE1999	METHOD FOR A POST-HPA FILTER REJECTION EQUALIZER
  13914	USA	09/473352	28DE1999	MEMORYLESS NON-LINEAR PREDISTORTION OF DIGITAL AMPLITUDE
  				MODULATION
  13915	USA	09/413174	28DE1999	METHOD FOR LOCALLY ADAPTED FRACTIONALLY SPACED LINEAR
  				PREDISTORTER
  13916	USA	09/473457	28DE1999	LOCALLY-ADAPTED PARALLEL T-SPACED LINEAR PREDISTORTER
  15000	USA	09/282106	31MR1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SKIN-E-NET CONTROL AND STATUS
  				NETWORK
  15009	USA	09/432062	02NO1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INFORMATION SELECTION AND
  				ROUTING BY INTELLIGENT AGENTS
  15025	USA	09/153976	16SE1998	WIRELESS ACCESS UNIT UTILIZING ADAPTIVE SPECTRUM
  				EXPLOITATION
  15143	USA	09/282106	31MR1999	PERIPHERAL INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK
  15144	USA	09/282104	31MR1999	SWITCHING DEVICES FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK
  15145	USA	09/282782	31MR1999	COMPUTER INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK
  968	USA	490921	02MY1983	FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUITRY FOR A COMMERCIAL
  				MICROPROCESSOR
  1058	USA	357349	08MR1982	PARTIALLY MATCHED ECM FOR USE AGAINST PULSE COMPRESSION
  				RADARS AND METHOD THEREFOR (U)
  1202	USA	06/490609	02MY1983	FLUID EXTENDIBLE MAST AND METHODS OF DEPLOYMENT AND
  				STOWING THEREFOR
  1380	USA	841385	160E1985	MULTIPLE FALSE TARGET ECM TECHNIQUE (U)
  1381	USA	841384	16DE1985	RADAR DECEPTION METHODS (U)
  1397	USA	911552	25SE1986	CHARGE TRIGGERING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  1460	USA	823116	26SE1985	MODIFIED PLANAR ANTENNA
  1475	USA	789008	22JL1985	TRACKING RADAR RECEIVER
  1691	USA	377295	26JE1989	DATA MANIPULATION ARRANGEMENT FOR A NETWORK ENCRYPTION
  				SYSTEM (U)
  1699	USA	81965	01JL1987	FABRICATION OF RADIATION HARDENED SILICON GATE MOS DEVICES (U)
  1770	USA	364684	08MY1989	MULTI-RAIL LOOK AHEAD FOR A KEY GENERATOR
  1912	USA	529810	29MY1990	CONE BEAM DOUBLET FOR PASSIVE SENSOR TARGET DETECTION
  2046	USA	618550	27NO1990	CRYPTO IGNITION KEY INTERFACE
  2629	USA	08/415973	03AP1995	VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR
  2629 D01	USA	08/580116	16JA1996	VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4119	USA	09/072168	04MY1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MULTIDIMENSIONAL
  				FEATURE LESS SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION
  71254	USA	197556	08NO1971	ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURE TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUS
  				UNDER SECRECY ORDER

• [0052]

  SCHEDULE B

  Patent Number	Country	Grant Date	Title
  4977379	USA	11DE1990	DIFFERENTIAL PAIR PUSH-PUSH OSCILLATOR
  4412337	USA	25OC1983	POWER AMPLIFIER AND ENVELOPE CORRECTION CIRCUITRY
  4442433	USA	10AP1984	ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS
  4447772	USA	08MY1984	TEMPERATURE STABLE PULSE COUNTING FM DETECTOR
  4454604	USA	12JE1984	VIRTUAL TIME BASE DIRECT SYNCHRONIZER AND METHED THEREFOR
  4457003	USA	26JE1984	TIME REFERENCE TRACKING LOOP FOR FREQUENCY HOPPING SYSTEMS
  4482975	USA	13NO1984	FUNCTION GENERATOR
  4486846	USA	04DE1984	NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR USING QUADRANT REPLICATION&
  			FUNCTION DECOMPOSITION
  4489325	USA	18DE1984	ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED SPACE FED ANTENNA SYSTEM AND METHOD OF
  			OPERATION THEREOF
  4494238	USA	15JA1985	MULTIPLE CHANNEL DATA LINK SYSTEM
  4495506	USA	22JA1985	IMAGE SPATIAL FILTER
  4507795	USA	26MR1985	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LOCATING LEADING AND TRAILING EDGESOF RF
  			PULSES
  4513447	USA	23AP1985	SIMPLIFIED FREQUENCY SCHEME FOR COHERENT TRANSPONDERS
  4514696	USA	30AP1985	NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
  4514707	USA	30AP1985	DIELECTRIC RESONATOR CONTROLLED PLANAR IMPATT DIODE OSCILLATOR
  4516220	USA	07MY1985	PULSE DEINTERLEAVING SIGNAL PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  4526050	USA	02JL1985	SELF-TENSIONING DIFFERENTIAL CAPSTAN CABLE DRIVE MECHANISM
  4527127	USA	02JL1985	FREQUENCY ACQUISITION CIRCUIT FOR PHASE LOCKED LOOP
  4527330	USA	09JL1985	IMPROVED METHOD FOR COUPLING AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE INTO AN
  			ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
  4528526	USA	09JL1985	PSK MODULATOR WITH NONCOLLAPSABLE OUTPUT FOR USE WITH A PLL POWER
  			AMPLIFIER
  4531098	USA	23JL1985	WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE AMPLIFIER WITH SECOND HARMONIC SIGNAL
  			CANCELLATION
  4533917	USA	06AU1985	MULTIPLE FREQUENCY SIDE LOBE INTERFERENCE REJECTOR
  4543544	USA	24SE1985	LCC CO-PLANAR LEAD FRAME SEMICONDUCTOR IC PACKAGE
  4547888	USA	15OC1985	RECURSIVE ADAPTIVE EQUALIZER FOR SMSK DATA LINKS
  4553218	USA	12NO1985	SYNCHRONOUS CARRY FREQUENCY DIVIDER AND METHOD OF USING
  			THEREFOR
  4556984	USA	03DE1985	FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER/DIVIDER APPARATUS AND METHOD
  4558231	USA	10DE1985	VARIABLE RATE BI-DIRECTIONAL SLEW CONTROL AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4560987	USA	24DE1985	RADAR TARGET DOPPLER FREQUENCY SCINTILLATION SIMULATOR AND METHOD
  4562415	USA	31DE1985	UNIVERSAL ULTRA-PRECISIONPSK MODULATOR WITH TIME MULTIPLEXEDMODES
  			OF VARYING MODULATION TYPES
  4563064	USA	07JA1986	CONICAL FIELD-OF-VIEW RADAR TRANSMITTER SYSTEM
  4572846	USA	25FE1986	METHOD OF HERMETICALLY SEALING ELECTRONIC PACKAGES
  4580102	USA	01AP1986	FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATOR UTILIZING CARRIER CONSTRUCTION
  4581673	USA	08AP1986	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTION AND RECOVERY FROM LATCH-UP
  			OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
  4584533	USA	22AP1986	NON-COHERENT BPSK DEMODULATOR
  4584538	USA	22AP1986	MODULUS CONTROL LOOP
  4587523	USA	06MY1986	RADAR RANGE TRACKING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  4587625	USA	06MY1986	PROCESSOR FOR SIMULATING DIGITAL STRUCTURES
  4591890	USA	27MY1986	RADIATION HARD MOS DEVICES AND METHODS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
  4593256	USA	03JE1986	OSCILLATOR WITH SWITCHED REACTANCE RESONATOR FOR WIDE
  			BANDWIDTH & SERIAL BIAS CONNECTIONS FOR LOW POWER
  4593393	USA	03JE1986	QUASI-PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECKER
  4598170	USA	01JL1986	SECURE MICROPROCESSOR
  4600889	USA	15JL1986	COHERENT OSCILLATOR
  4600894	USA	15JL1986	PLANAR RADIAL RESONATOR OSCILLATOR/AMPLIFIER
  4601048	USA	15JL1986	SERIAL MINIMUM SHIFT-KEYED MODEM
  4601915	USA	22JL1986	METHOD OF FABRICATING AIRSUPPORTED CROSSOVERS
  4603437	USA	29JL1986	BALANCED MIXER
  4605908	USA	12AU1986	DISABLE CIRCUIT FOR A PHASE LOCKED LOOP DISCRIMINATOR CIRCUIT
  4611186	USA	09SE1986	NONCONTACTING MIC GROUND PLANE COUPLING USING A BROADBAND VIRTUAL
  			SHORT CIRCUIT GAP
  4612496	USA	16SE1986	LINEAR VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENTCONVERTER
  4612626	USA	16SE1986	METHOD OF PERFORMING REALINPUT FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS
  4613735	USA	23SE1986	TUBULAR SWITCH PACKAGE WITH SLIDING CONTACTS FORMING A PORTION
  			THEREOF
  4613825	USA	23SE1986	RAPID ACQUISITION TRACKING PLL WITH FAST AND SLOW SWEEP SPEEDS
  4614878	USA	30SE1986	PULSE GENERATOR
  4622555	USA	11NO1986	CODED PULSE DOPPLER RADARWITH CLUTTER-ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND
  			METHOD THEREFOR
  4623841	USA	18NO1986	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF
  			MAGNETIC MATERIALS USING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
  4623846	USA	18NO1986	CONSTANT DUTY CYCLE FREQUENCY PROGRAMMABLE CLOCK GENERATOR
  4623856	USA	18NO1986	INCREMENTALLY TUNED RF FILTER HAVING PIN DIODE SWITCHEND LINES
  4630012	USA	16DE1986	RING SHAPED DIELECTRIC RESONATOR WITH ADJUSTABLE TUNING SCREW
  			EXTENDING UPWARDLY INTO RING OPENING
  4630031	USA	16DE1986	PULSE WIDTH DISCRIMINATING A/D CONVERTER
  4630050	USA	16DE1986	DUAL PURPOSE GUIDANCE SYSTEM FOR A GUIDED MISSILE
  4632485	USA	30DE1986	ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT TESTING APPARATUS
  4635223	USA	06JA1987	FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUIT FOR A COMMERCIAL MICROPROCESSOR
  4636734	USA	13JA1987	LOW SPURIOUS NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR APPARATUS AND
  			METHOD
  4638423	USA	20JA1987	EMULATING COMPUTER
  4642642	USA	10FE1987	ADAPTIVE MONOPULSE PHASE AMPLITUDE CALIBRATION CORRECTION SYSTEM
  4646036	USA	24FE1987	SIGNAL ATTENUATION CIRCUIT
  4654755	USA	31MR1987	MICROWAVE/MILLIMETER WAVEGROUND PLANE
  4706093	USA	10NO1987	MONOPULSE TRACKING SYSTEMSUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF EXTERNALLY
  			GENERATED NOISE
  4715001	USA	22DE1987	EXTREMELY ACCURATE AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL CIRCUIT AND
  			METHOD THEREFOR
  4740962	USA	26AP1988	SYNCHRONIZER FOR TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXED DATA
  4742533	USA	03MY1988	SOFT DECISION DIGITAL COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
  4742550	USA	03MY1988	4800 BPS INTEROPERABLE RELP SYSTEM
  4743867	USA	10MY1988	COMPENSATION CIRCUITRY FOR DUAL PORT PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS
  4748449	USA	31MY1988	RF ABSORBING ABLATING APPARATUS
  4748577	USA	31MY1988	LOGARITHMIC DATA COMPRESSION
  4768208	USA	20AU1988	MID-SYMBOL SAMPLING TIMING ESTIMATOR
  4802640	USA	07FE1989	OBLIQUE AXIS SEEKER
  4852123	USA	25JL1989	NEARLY DC IF PHASE LOCKEDTRANSCEIVER
  4856004	USA	08AU1989	MICROPROCESSOR BASED BCH DECODER
  4866713	USA	12SE1989	OPERATIONAL FUNCTION CHECKING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR
  			MICROPROCESSORS
  4872133	USA	03OC1989	FLOATING-POINT SYSTOLIC ARRAY INCLUDING SERIAL PROCESSORS
  4872202	USA	03OC1989	ASCII LPC-10 CONVERSION
  4888801	USA	19DE1989	HIERARCHICAL KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  4899159	USA	06FE1990	METHOD AND DEVICE FOR A M-OUT-OF-N DETECTION SCHEME
  4914728	USA	03AP1990	WIDEBAND MMIC ACTIVE QUADRATURE HYBRID
  4922059	USA	01MY1990	ORIGAMI COMPOSITE EMI/TEMPEST PROOF ELECTRONICS MODULE
  4926476	USA	15MY1990	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SECURE EXECUTION OF UNTRUSTED
  			SOFTWARE
  4943982	USA	24JL1990	BASEBAND CARRIER PHASE CORRECTOR
  4944008	USA	24JL1990	ELECTRONIC KEYING SCHEME FOR LOCKING DATA
  4961058	USA	02OC1990	FEEDBACK STABILIZATION LOOP
  4970456	USA	13NO1990	TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED POWER DETECTOR
  4970660	USA	13NO1990	ACCUMULATED STATISTICS CONSTANT FALSE ALARM RATE SIGNAL
  			PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE
  4977613	USA	11DE1990	FINE TUNING CIRCUITRY FORFREQUENCY CONTROL SYSTEM
  4979175	USA	18DE1990	STATE METRIC MEMORY ARRANGEMENT FOR A VITERBI DECODER
  4987595	USA	22JA1991	SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSOR ARRANGEMENT
  4992761	USA	12FE1991	PASSIVE 180 DEGREE BROADBAND M MIC HYBRID
  4993067	USA	12FE1991	SECURE SATELLITE OVER-THE-AIR REKEYING METHOD AND SYSTEM
  4994757	USA	19FE1991	EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF POWER AMPLIFIERS
  4998217	USA	05MR1991	SWEEP GENERATOR LINEARIZATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5002347	USA	26MR1991	STEPPED THICKNESS SPECTRAL FILTER FOR FOCAL PLANE FLATTENING
  5003593	USA	26MR1991	TELECONFERENCING METHOD FOR A SECURE KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  5023576	USA	11JE1991	BROADBAND 180 DEGREE HYBRID
  5029206	USA	02JL1991	UNIFORM INTERFACE FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES
  5047787	USA	10SE1991	COUPLING CANCELLATION FOR ANTENNA ARRAYS
  5063360	USA	05NO1991	PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY PUSHING COMPENSATION CIRCUIT
  5065428	USA	12NO1991	SECURE MODE ANSWERING MACHINE
  5081466	USA	14JA1992	TAPERED NOTCH ANTENNA
  5103194	USA	07AP1992	DIELECTRIC RESONATOR FEED BACK STABILIZER
  5103451	USA	07AP1992	PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK CIRCUIT
  5111155	USA	05MY1992	DISTORTION COMPENSATION MEANS AND METHOD
  5121401	USA	09JE1992	PULSED MODULATORS UTILIZING TRANSMISSION LINES
  5121413	USA	09JE1992	DIGITAL PULSE PROCESSOR FOR DETERMINING LEADING AND TRAILING TIME
  			OF-ARRIVAL
  5124958	USA	23JE1992	DIGITAL TAU SYNTHESIZER
  5126716	USA	30JE1992	ARTIFICIAL RESISTIVE CARD
  5128638	USA	07JL1992	FOUR-PORT QUADRATURE COUPLER SUITABLE FOR MONOLIGHTIC
  			IMPLEMENTATION
  5128967	USA	07JL1992	SYMBOL STATE TRELLIS MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD DETECTION METHOD
  5140510	USA	18AU1992	CONSTANT FREQUENCY POWER CONVERTER
  5144266	USA	01SE1992	BROADBAND HIGH FREQUENCY ACTIVE MMIC CIRCULATOR
  5144268	USA	01SE1992	BANDPASS FILTER UTILIZING CAPACITIVELY COUPLED STEPPED IMPEDANCE
  			RESONATORS
  5170175	USA	08DE1992	THIN FILM RESISTIVE LOADING FOR ANTENNAS
  5173941	USA	22DE1992	REDUCED CODEBOOK SEARCH ARRANGEMENT FOR CELP VOCODERS
  5175517	USA	29DE1992	LUMPED ELEMENT REALIZATION OF RING HYBRIDS INCLUDING PI CIRCUIT AND
  			TANK CIRCUIT MEANS
  5175703	USA	29DE1992	HIGH SPEED FULL ADDER AND METHOD
  5177381	USA	05JA1993	DISTRIBUTED LOGARITHMIC AMPLIFIER AND METHOD
  5179591	USA	12JA1993	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT
  5179594	USA	12JA1993	EFFICIENT CALCULATION OF AUTOCORRELATION COEFFICIENTS FOR CELP
  			VOCODER ADAPTIVE CODEBOOK
  5185611	USA	09FE1993	COMPACT ANTENNA ARRAY FOR DIVERSITY APPLICATIONS
  5185654	USA	09FE1993	ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD
  			FOR MAKING THE SAME
  5187745	USA	16FE1993	EFFICIENT CODEBOOK SEARCH FOR CELP VOCODERS
  5196805	USA	23MR1993	DISTRIBUTED DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER ARRANGEMENT
  5208853	USA	04MY1993	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USAGE PROTECTION OF DATA FILES USING SPLIT
  			KEY AND UNIQUE VARIABLE
  5218325	USA	08JE1993	LOW NOISE OSCILLATOR
  5221885	USA	22JE1993	LOW-POWER DUAL VOLTAGE DRIVE CIRCUIT AND METHOD
  5223691	USA	29JE1993	PLASMA BASED SOLDERING METHOD REQUIRING NO ADDITIONAL HEAT SOURCES
  			OR FLUX
  5226152	USA	06JL1993	FUNCTIONAL LOCKSTEP ARRANGEMENT FOR REDUNDANT PROCESSORS
  5227589	USA	13JL1993	PLATED THROUGH INTERCONNECT SOLDER THIEF
  5230020	USA	20JL1993	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT
  5249212	USA	28SE1993	OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION WITH ERROR CORRECTION
  5249231	USA	28SE1993	MEMORY TAGGING FOR OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION
  5260644	USA	09NO1993	SELF-ADJUSTING SHUNT REGULATOR AND METHOD
  5265243	USA	23NO1993	PROCESSOR INTERFACE CONTROLLER FOR INTERFACING PERIPHERAL DEVICES
  			TO A PROCESSOR
  5271023	USA	14DE1993	UNINTERRUPTABLE FAULT TOLERANT DATA PROCESSOR
  5274675	USA	28DE1993	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POST-CORRELATION SCORING CIRCUIT
  5292254	USA	08MR1994	METHOD FOR DETERMINING MINE-FIELD EFFECTS IN A SIMULATED BATTLEFIELD
  5298905	USA	29MR1994	VISIBLE LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5303418	USA	12AP1994	HIGH ISOLATION MIXER
  5304961	USA	19AP1994	IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMING DIRECTIONAL COUPLER
  5307379	USA	26AP1994	AUTOMATIC NOISE CHARACTERIZATION FOR OPTIMALLY ENABLING A RECEIVER
  5311122	USA	10MY1994	RF TEST INTERFACE CONNECTION
  5317320	USA	31MY1994	MULTIPLE RADAR INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR
  5321420	USA	14JE1994	OPERATOR INTERFACE FOR AN ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
  5326414	USA	05JL1994	ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF
  			PRODUCTION THEREOF
  5335281	USA	02AU1994	NETWORK CONTROLLER AND METHOD
  5338617	USA	16AU1994	RADIO FREQUENCY ABSORBING SHIELD AND METHOD
  5338645	USA	16AU1994	THREE DIMENSIONAL PRINTED CIRCUITS
  5339459	USA	16AU1994	HIGH SPEED SAMPLE AND HOLD CIRCUIT AND RADIO CONSTRUCTED THEREWITH
  5339462	USA	16AU1994	BROADBAND MIXER CIRCUIT AND METHOD
  5341115	USA	23AU1994	REINFORCED WRAP AROUND GROUND AND METHOD
  5341426	USA	23AU1994	CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5341427	USA	23AU1994	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS
  5342999	USA	30AU1994	APPARATUS FOR ADAPTING SEMICONDUCTOR DIE PADS AND METHOD THEREFOR
  5345056	USA	06SE1994	PLASMA BASED SOLDERING BY INDIRECT HEATING
  5357567	USA	18OC1994	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VOLUME SWITCHED GAIN CONTROL
  5359444	USA	25OC1994	AUTO-FOCUSING OPTICAL APPARATUS
  5365182	USA	15NO1994	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOW POWER CLOCK GENERATION FOR HIGH
  			SPEED APPLICATIONS
  5365591	USA	15NO1994	A SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC LOGIC ARRANGEMENT
  5373556	USA	13DE1994	QUICK CONNECT HOUSING COUPLING AND METHOD
  5374945	USA	20DE1994	GRAY LEVEL PRINTING USING A THERMAL PRINTHEAD
  5381332	USA	10JA1995	PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED SCHEDULE AND COST
  			INTEGRATION
  5382958	USA	17JA1995	A TIME TRANSFER POSITION LOCATION METHOD AND APPARATUS
  5383185	USA	17JA1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA COLLISION DETECTION IN A MULTI-
  			PROCESSOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  5386204	USA	31JA1995	HIGH ISOLATION MICROWAVE MODULE
  5389738	USA	14FE1995	TAMPERPROOF ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE
  5390238	USA	14FE1995	HEALTH SUPPORT SYSTEM
  5394156	USA	28FE1995	DIGITAL RANGE TURN-AROUND FOR TRACKING, TELEMETRY AND CONTROL
  			TRANSPONDER
  5401689	USA	28MR1995	METHOD FOR FORMING A SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP CARRIER
  5406842	USA	18AP1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING MICROWAVE
  			SIGNALS
  5414738	USA	09MY1995	MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD PATHS COMPARISON DECODER
  5442327	USA	15AU1995	MMIC TUNABLE BIPHASE MODULATOR
  5442330	USA	15AU1995	COUPLED LINE FILTER WITH IMPROVED OUT OF BAND REJECTION
  5446423	USA	29AU1995	DIGITAL SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR AND METHOD
  5446760	USA	29AU1995	PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL PULSE SHAPING PHASE MODULATOR
  5453720	USA	26SE1995	DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE PHASDE MODULATOR AND METHOD
  5454720	USA	03OC1995	METHOD FOR THE ELIMINATION OF AMBIGUOUS SOLUTIONS IN HYPERBOLIC
  			POSITIONING SYSTEMS
  5459681	USA	17OC1995	SPECIAL FUNCTION ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT METHOD AND APPARATUS
  5459756	USA	17OC1995	A SAMPLING PHASE DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT
  5465300	USA	07NO1995	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  5473557	USA	05DE1995	COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  5477009	USA	19DE1995	RESEALABLE MULTICHIP MODULE AND METHOD THEREFORE
  5479559	USA	26DE1995	EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD
  5481231	USA	02JA1996	LUMPED ELEMENT FOUR PORT COUPLER
  5490148	USA	06FE1996	BIT ERROR RATE ESTIMATOR
  5493309	USA	20FE1996	COLLISON AVOIDANCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5497160	USA	05MR1996	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTO-CORRELATION AND RANGE
  			CORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS
  5497400	USA	05MR1996	DECISION FEEDBACK DEMODULATOR WITH PHASE AND FREQUENCY ESTIMATION
  5504802	USA	02AP1996	A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING
  			AND RECEIVING DATA HAVING A WIRELINE INTERFACE
  5612978	USA	18MR1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REAL-TIME ADAPTIVE INTERFERENCE CAN
  			CELLATION IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS
  5615266	USA	25MR1997	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  5623575	USA	22AP1997	EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD
  5630225	USA	13MY1997	DIELECTRIC RESONATOR IMAGE REJECT MIXER AND METHOD
  5633804	USA	27MY1997	METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCING PRINTED WIRING BOARD
  			FABRICATION DRAWINGS
  5646626	USA	08JL1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIGITAL CORRELATION IN PSEUDORANDOM
  			NOISE CODED SYSTEMS
  5646627	USA	08JL1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A BIPHASE MODULATOR
  			TOIMPROVE AUTOCORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED
  			SYSTEMS
  5664084	USA	02SE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VISUALLY CORRELATING TEMPORAL
  			RELATIONSHIPS
  5664113	USA	02SE1997	WORKING ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5673212	USA	30SE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR WITH
  			PARTITIONED PHASE ACCUMULATOR
  5696880	USA	09DE1997	COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USER AUTHENTICATION METHOD
  5699513	USA	16DE1997	METHOD FOR SECURE NETWORK ACCESS VIA MESSAGE INTERCEPT
  5703479	USA	30DE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT ISOLATION BY A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  			TESTER
  5703903	USA	30DE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE FILTERING IN A HIGH INTERFERENCE
  			ENVIRONMENT
  5721782	USA	24FE1998	PARTITIONED ECHO CANCELER UTILIZING DECIMATION ECHO LOCATION
  5726663	USA	10MR1998	SURVIVAL RADIO INTERROGATOR
  5727125	USA	10MR1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIS OF SPEECH EXCITATION WAVE
  			FORMS
  5731539	USA	24MR1998	TARGET DETECTION METHOD
  5744930	USA	28AP1998	UNIVERSAL BATTERY COMPARTMENT
  5751718	USA	12MY1998	SIMULTANEOUS TRANSFER OF VOICE AND DATA INFORMATION USING
  			MULTI-RATE VOCODER AND BYTE CONTROL PROTOCOL
  5757848	USA	26MY1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DECIMATING DIGITAL PN CORRELATOR
  5777528	USA	07JL1998	MODE SUPPRESSING COPLANAR WAVE GUIDE TRANSITION AND METHOD
  5778416	USA	07JL1998	PARALLEL PROCESS ADDRESS GENERATOR AND METHOD
  5793749	USA	11AU1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATIONS TESTING USING A RECORDED
  			TEST MESSAGE
  5797121	USA	18AU1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR QUANTIZATION OF
  			SPEECH PARAMETERS
  5798765	USA	25AU1998	A THREE DIMENSIONAL LIGHT INTENSITY DISPLAY MAP
  5809036	USA	15SE1998	BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5809396	USA	15SE1998	RADIO TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK WITH SELECTABLE RING
  			SIGNALCOVERAGE
  5822193	USA	13OC1998	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RIGIDLY STABILIZING CIRCUIT
  			BOARDS
  5822687	USA	13OC1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC TUNING CALIBRATION OF
  			ELECTRICALLY TUNED FILTERS
  5838151	USA	17NO1998	WIRELESS LOAD SHARING FOR PARALLEL POWER CONVERTERS AND METHOD
  5841874	USA	24NO1998	TERNARY CAM MEMORY ARCHTIECTURE AND METHODOLOGY
  5856970	USA	05JA1999	MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELLATION METHOD AND APPARATUS
  5861882	USA	19JA1999	INTEGRATED TEST AND MEASUREMENT MEANS EMPLOYING A GRPHICAL USER
  			INTERFACE
  5862132	USA	19JA1999	SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTIPLE ACCESS SHORT MESSAGE
  			COMMUNICATIONS
  5862152	USA	19JA1999	HIERARCHICALLY MANAGED BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE MODULE AND METHOD
  5867774	USA	02FE1999	SMART CONTROL PANEL FOR A RADIO
  5883792	USA	16MR1999	PRINTED WIRING CARD END BRACKET FOR RUGGEDIZING PRINTED WIRING
  			CARDS
  5894285	USA	13AP1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS TO SENSE AIRCRAFT PILOT EJECTION FOR RESCUE
  			RADIO ACTUATION
  5896452	USA	20AP1999	MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELER AND METHOD USING CONVOLUTION OF TWO
  			TRAINING SIGNALS
  5901226	USA	04MY1999	COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC HANDOFF
  5903603	USA	11MY1999	MODEM TRAINING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5909359	USA	01JE1999	APPARATUS FOR A CIRCUIT BOARD EXTENDER
  5917911	USA	29JE1999	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIERACHICAL KEY ACCESS AND RECOVERY
  5918028	USA	29JE1999	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SMART HOST BUS ADAPTER FOR
  			PERSONALCOMPUTER CARDS
  5926756	USA	20JL1999	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROGRAMMING A CELLULAR PHONE
  5930291	USA	27JL1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SELECTING RANDOM VALUES FROM A NON-
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  5930292	USA	27JL1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTOCORRELATION IN BIPHASE
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  			DEMODULATION
  5930359	USA	27JL1999	CASCADABLE CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY AND SYSTEM
  5940439	USA	17AU1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE RATE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  5940508	USA	17AU1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEAMLESS CRYPTO REKEY SYSTEM
  5941708	USA	24AU1999	METHOD FOR SIMULATING TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF AREA WEAPONS
  5944822	USA	31AU1999	CHANNEL ISOLATION ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR DISSOCIATED DATA
  5945891	USA	31AU1999	MOLDED WAVEGUIDE FEED AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
  5946399	USA	31AU1999	FAILSAFE DEVICE DRIVER AND METHOD
  5949248	USA	07SE1999	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DYNAMIC HARDENING OF A DIGITAL CIRCUIT
  5953384	USA	14SE1999	AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF GPS CABLE DELAY TIME
  5953645	USA	14SE1999	MULTIPLE FREQUENCY BAND TERMINATION CIRCUIT AND METHOD
  5958073	USA	28SE1999	RELIABILITY ENHANCED PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING
  5966799	USA	19OC1999	METHOD OF MOLDING FREE-FLOATING INSERT
  5990703	USA	23NO1999	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A LOW POWER LATCHABLE ADDER
  5995042	USA	30NO1999	SPOOFER DETECTION POWER MANAGEMENT FOR GPS RECEIVERS
  5995628	USA	30NO1999	FAILSAFE SECURITY SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5996406	USA	07DE1999	ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR A MATERIAL STORAGE MEASURING DEVICE
  5999990	USA	07DE1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  6000054	USA	07DE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING BINARY INFORMATION
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  6002375	USA	14DE1999	MULTI-SUBSTRATE HIGH FREQUENCY CIRCUIT
  6002878	USA	14DE1999	PROCESSOR POWER CONSUMPTION ESTIMATOR AND METHOD
  			THEREFOR
  6020770	USA	01FE2000	TRANSPARENT LATCH-BASED SEQUENCER AND SEQUENCE CONTROLLING
  			METHOD
  6026490	USA	15FE2000	CONFIGURABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING ENGINE AND METHOD
  6035313	USA	07MR2000	MEMORY ADDRESS GENERATOR FOR AN FET AND METHOD
  6037748	USA	14MR2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROL OF AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM USING
  			INTELLIGENT MOVEMENT DETECTION
  6038265	USA	14MR2000	APPARATUS FOR AMPLIFYING A SIGNAL USING DIGITAL PULSE
  			WIDTHMODULATORS
  6044323	USA	28MR2000	SATELLITE BASED COMMERCIAL AND MILITARY INTERCITY AND
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  6044458	USA	28MR2000	CONTROL FLOW MONITOR SYSTEM AND METHOD
  6072986	USA	06JE2000	METHOD OF IDENTIFYING ANTENNA BEAMS FOR TRANSMISSION OF RINGALERT
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  6073014	USA	06JE2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING TELEPHONY
  			INFRASTRUCTURE
  6081215	USA	27JE2000	HIGH-SPEED INTERLACED ANALOG INTERFACE
  6081895	USA	27JE2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING DATA UNIT PROCESSING
  6081896	USA	27JE2000	CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH PROGRAMMABLE FUNCTION UNITS
  			AND METHOD
  6084919	USA	04JL2000	COMMUNICATION UNIT HAVING SPECTRAL ADAPTABILITY
  6085073	USA	04JL2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCING THE SAMPLING RATE OF A SIGNALFOR USE
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  6085090	USA	04JL2000	AUTONOMOUS INTERROGATABLE INFORMATION AND POSITION DEVICE
  6085350	USA	04JL2000	SINGLE EVENT UPSET TOLERANT SYSTEM AND METHOD
  6088581	USA	11JL2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AMPLITUDE MODULATED
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  6088804	USA	11JL2000	ADAPTIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RESPONDING TO COMPUTER NETWORK
  			SECURITY ATTACKS
  6090151	USA	18JL2000	ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR
  6098133	USA	01AU2000	BUS ARBITER INTERCONNECT MODULE
  6101255	USA	08AU2000	PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD
  6108419	USA	22AU2000	DIFFERENTIAL FAULT ANALYSIS HARDENING APPARATUS AND EVALUATION
  			METHOD
  6112229	USA	29AU2000	SECURE TERMINAL SYSTEM AND METHOD OF COMMUNICATING
  6118805	USA	12SE2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FREQUENCY HOPPING ADAPTATION
  6122309	USA	19SE2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE
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  6133854	USA	17OC2000	SATELLITE SUPPORTED TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLER
  6134484	USA	17OC2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF SPACECRAFT
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  6141548	USA	31OC2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT IN A
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  6141757	USA	31OC2000	SECURE COMPUTER WITH BUS MONITORING SYSTEM AND METHODS
  6144739	USA	07NO2000	COMPUTER NETWORK PROTECTION USING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SEALING SOFTWARE
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  6147646	USA	14NO2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION ABOUT A PLURALITY
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  6147980	USA	14NO2000	AVIONICS SATELLITE BASED DATA MESSAGE ROUTING AND DELIVERY SYSTEM
  6148196	USA	14NO2000	REMOTE CONTROL AND LOCATION SYSTEM
  6154489	USA	28NO2000	ADAPTIVE-RATE CODED DIGITAL IMAGE TRANSMISSION
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  6249166	USA	19JE2001	PIPELINED PROGRAMABLE DIGITAL PULSE DELAY
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  EP0537971	SWIT	12FE1997	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT
  EP0602335	SWIT	09SE1998	CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD
  EP0402083	SWIT	05FE1997	TELECONFERENCING METHOD FOR A SECURE KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  NI-071872	TAIW	13OC1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA COLLISION DETECTION IN A MULTI-
  			PROCESSOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  NI-113098	TAIW	01AP2000	PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD
  4977379	USA	11DE1990	DIFFERENTIAL PAIR PUSH-PUSH OSCILLATOR
  4412337	USA	25OC1983	POWER AMPLIFIER AND ENVELOPE CORRECTION CIRCUITRY
  4442433	USA	10AP1984	ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS
  4447772	USA	08MY1984	TEMPERATURE STABLE PULSE COUNTING FM DETECTOR
  4454604	USA	12JE1984	VIRTUAL TIME BASE DIRECT SYNCHRONIZER AND METHED THEREFOR
  4457003	USA	26JE1984	TIME REFERENCE TRACKING LOOP FOR FREQUENCY HOPPING SYSTEMS
  4482975	USA	13NO1984	FUNCTION GENERATOR
  4486846	USA	04DE1984	NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR USING QUADRANT REPLICATION&
  			FUNCTION DECOMPOSITION
  4489325	USA	18DE1984	ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED SPACE FED ANTENNA SYSTEM AND METHOD OF
  			OPERATION THEREOF
  4494238	USA	15JA1985	MULTIPLE CHANNEL DATA LINK SYSTEM
  4495506	USA	22JA1985	IMAGE SPATIAL FILTER
  4507795	USA	26MR1985	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LOCATING LEADING AND TRAILING EDGESOF RF
  			PULSES
  4513447	USA	23AP1985	SIMPLIFIED FREQUENCY SCHEME FOR COHERENT TRANSPONDERS
  4514696	USA	30AP1985	NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
  4514707	USA	30AP1985	DIELECTRIC RESONATOR CONTROLLED PLANAR IMPATT DIODE OSCILLATOR
  4516220	USA	07MY1985	PULSE DEINTERLEAVING SIGNAL PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  4526050	USA	02JL1985	SELF-TENSIONING DIFFERENTIAL CAPSTAN CABLE DRIVE MECHANISM
  4527127	USA	02JL1985	FREQUENCY ACQUISITION CIRCUIT FOR PHASE LOCKED LOOP
  4527330	USA	09JL1985	IMPROVED METHOD FOR COUPLING AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE INTO AN
  			ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
  4528526	USA	09JL1985	PSK MODULATOR WITH NONCOLLAPSABLE OUTPUT FOR USE WITH A PLL POWER
  			AMPLIFIER
  4531098	USA	23JL1985	WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE AMPLIFIER WITH SECOND HARMONIC SIGNAL
  			CANCELLATION
  4533917	USA	06AU1985	MULTIPLE FREQUENCY SIDE LOBE INTERFERENCE REJECTOR
  4543544	USA	24SE1985	LCC CO-PLANAR LEAD FRAME SEMICONDUCTOR IC PACKAGE
  4547888	USA	15OC1985	RECURSIVE ADAPTIVE EQUALIZER FOR SMSK DATA LINKS
  4553218	USA	12NO1985	SYNCHRONOUS CARRY FREQUENCY DIVIDER AND METHOD OF USING
  			THEREFOR
  4556984	USA	03DE1985	FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER/DIVIDER APPARATUS AND METHOD
  4558231	USA	10DE1985	VARIABLE RATE BI-DIRECTIONAL SLEW CONTROL AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4560987	USA	24DE1985	RADAR TARGET DOPPLER FREQUENCY SCINTILLATION SIMULATOR AND METHOD
  4562415	USA	31DE1985	UNIVERSAL ULTRA-PRECISIONPSK MODULATOR WITH TIME MULTIPLEXEDMODES
  			OF VARYING MODULATION TYPES
  4563064	USA	07JA1986	CONICAL FIELD-OF-VIEW RADAR TRANSMITTER SYSTEM
  4572846	USA	25FE1986	METHOD OF HERMETICALLY SEALING ELECTRONIC PACKAGES
  4580102	USA	01AP1986	FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATOR UTILIZING CARRIER CONSTRUCTION
  4581673	USA	08AP1986	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTION AND RECOVERY FROM LATCH-UP
  			OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
  4584533	USA	22AP1986	NON-COHERENT BPSK DEMODULATOR
  4584538	USA	22AP1986	MODULUS CONTROL LOOP
  4587523	USA	06MY1986	RADAR RANGE TRACKING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  4587625	USA	06MY1986	PROCESSOR FOR SIMULATING DIGITAL STRUCTERES
  4591890	USA	27MY1986	RADIATION HARD MOS DEVICES AND METHODS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
  4593256	USA	03JE1986	OSCILLATOR WITH SWITCHED REACTANCE RESONATOR FOR WIDE
  			BANDWIDTH & SERIAL BIAS CONNECTIONS FOR LOW POWER
  4593393	USA	03JE1986	QUASI-PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECKER
  4598170	USA	01JL1986	SECURE MICROPROCESSOR
  4600889	USA	15JL1986	COHERENT OSCILLATOR
  4600894	USA	15JL1986	PLANAR RADIAL RESONATOR OSCILLATOR/AMPLIFIER
  4601048	USA	15JL1986	SERIAL MINIMUM SHIFT-KEYED MODEM
  4601915	USA	22JL1986	METHOD OF FABRICATING AIRSUPPORTED CROSSOVERS
  4603437	USA	29JL1986	BALANCED MIXER
  4605908	USA	12AU1986	DISABLE CIRCUIT FOR A PHASE LOCKED LOOP DISCRIMINATOR CIRCUIT
  4611186	USA	09SE1986	NONCONTACTING MIC GROUND PLANE COUPLING USING A BROADBAND VIRTUAL
  			SHORT CIRCUIT GAP
  4612496	USA	16SE1986	LINEAR VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENTCONVERTER
  4612626	USA	16SE1986	METHOD OF PERFORMING REAL INPUT FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS
  4613735	USA	23SE1986	TUBULAR SWITCH PACKAGE WITH SLIDING CONTACTS FORMING A PORTION
  			THEREOF
  4613825	USA	23SE1986	RAPID ACQUISITION TRACKING PLL WITH FAST AND SLOW SWEEP SPEEDS
  4614878	USA	30SE1986	PULSE GENERATOR
  4622555	USA	11NO1986	CODED PULSE DOPPLER RADAR WITH CLUTTER-ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND
  			METHOD THEREFOR
  4623841	USA	18NO1986	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF
  			MAGNETIC MATERIALS USING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
  4623846	USA	18NO1986	CONSTANT DUTY CYCLE FREQUENCY PROGRAMMABLE CLOCK GENERATOR
  4623856	USA	18NO1986	INCREMENTALLY TUNED RF FILTER HAVING PIN DIODE SWITCHEND LINES
  4630012	USA	16DE1986	RING SHAPED DIELECTRIC RESONATOR WITH ADJUSTABLE TUNING SCREW
  			EXTENDING UPWARDLY INTO RING OPENING
  4630031	USA	16DE1986	PULSE WIDTH DISCRIMINATING A/D CONVERTER
  4630050	USA	16DE1986	DUAL PURPOSE GUIDANCE SYSTEM FOR A GUIDED MISSILE
  4632485	USA	30DE1986	ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT TESTING APPARATUS
  4635223	USA	06JA1987	FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUIT FOR A COMMERCIAL MICROPROCESSOR
  4636734	USA	13JA1987	LOW SPURIOUS NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR APPARATUS AND
  			METHOD
  4638423	USA	20JA1987	EMULATING COMPUTER
  4642642	USA	10FE1987	ADAPTIVE MONOPULSE PHASE AMPLITUDE CALIBRATION CORRECTION SYSTEM
  4646036	USA	24FE1987	SIGNAL ATTENUATION CIRCUIT
  4654755	USA	31MR1987	MICROWAVE/MILLIMETER WAVEGROUND PLANE
  4706093	USA	10NO1987	MONOPULSE TRACKING SYSTEM SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF EXTERNALLY
  			GENERATED NOISE
  4715001	USA	22DE1987	EXTREMELY ACCURATE AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL CIRCUIT AND
  			METHOD THEREFOR
  4740962	USA	26AP1988	SYNCHRONIZER FOR TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXED DATA
  4742533	USA	03MY1988	SOFT DECISION DIGITAL COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
  4742550	USA	03MY1988	4800 BPS INTEROPERABLE RELP SYSTEM
  4743867	USA	10MY1988	COMPENSATION CIRCUITRY FOR DUAL PORT PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS
  4748449	USA	31MY1988	RF ABSORBING ABLATING APPARATUS
  4748577	USA	31MY1988	LOGARITHMIC DATA COMPRESSION
  4768208	USA	20AU1988	MID-SYMBOL SAMPLING TIMING ESTIMATOR
  4802640	USA	07FE1989	OBLIQUE AXIS SEEKER
  4852123	USA	25JL1989	NEARLY DC IF PHASE LOCKED TRANSCEIVER
  4856004	USA	08AU1989	MICROPROCESSOR BASED BCH DECODER
  4866713	USA	12SE1989	OPERATIONAL FUNCTION CHECKING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR
  			MICROPROCESSORS
  4872133	USA	03OC1989	FLOATING-POINT SYSTOLIC ARRAY INCLUDING SERIAL PROCESSORS
  4872202	USA	03OC1989	ASCII LPC-10 CONVERSION
  4888801	USA	19DE1989	HIERARCHICAL KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  4899159	USA	06FE1990	METHOD AND DEVICE FOR A M-OUT-OF-N DETECTION SCHEME
  4914728	USA	03AP1990	WIDEBAND MMIC ACTIVE QUADRATURE HYBRID
  4922059	USA	01MY1990	ORIGAMI COMPOSITE EMI/TEMPEST PROOF ELECTRONICS MODULE
  4926476	USA	15MY1990	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SECURE EXECUTION OF UNTRUSTED
  			SOFTWARE
  4943982	USA	24JL1990	BASEBAND CARRIER PHASE CORRECTOR
  4944008	USA	24JL1990	ELECTRONIC KEYING SCHEME FOR LOCKING DATA
  4961058	USA	02OC1990	FEEDBACK STABILIZATION LOOP
  4970456	USA	13NO1990	TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED POWER DETECTOR
  4970660	USA	13NO1990	ACCUMULATED STATISTICS CONSTANT FALSE ALARM RATE SIGNAL
  			PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE
  4977613	USA	11DE1990	FINE TUNING CIRCUITRY FOR FREQUENCY CONTROL SYSTEM
  4979175	USA	18DE1990	STATE METRIC MEMORY ARRANGEMENT FOR A VITERBI DECODER
  4987595	USA	22JA1991	SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSOR ARRANGEMENT
  4992761	USA	12FE1991	PASSIVE 180 DEGREE BROADBAND MMIC HYBRID
  4993067	USA	12FE1991	SECURE SATELLITE OVER-THE-AIR REKEYING METHOD AND SYSTEM
  4994757	USA	19FE1991	EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF POWER AMPLIFIERS
  4998217	USA	05MR1991	SWEEP GENERATOR LINEARIZATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5002347	USA	26MR1991	STEPPED THICKNESS SPECTRAL FILTER FOR FOCAL PLANE FLATTENING
  5003593	USA	26MR1991	TELECONFERENCING METHOD FOR A SECURE KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  5023576	USA	11JE1991	BROADBAND 180 DEGREE HYBRID
  5029206	USA	02JL1991	UNIFORM INTERFACE FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES
  5047787	USA	10SE1991	COUPLING CANCELLATION FOR ANTENNA ARRAYS
  5063360	USA	05NO1991	PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY PUSHING COMPENSATION CIRCUIT
  5065428	USA	12NO1991	SECURE MODE ANSWERING MACHINE
  5081466	USA	14JA1992	TAPERED NOTCH ANTENNA
  5103194	USA	07AP1992	DIELECTRIC RESONATOR FEED BACK STABILIZER
  5103451	USA	07AP1992	PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK CIRCUIT
  5111155	USA	05MY1992	DISTORTION COMPENSATION MEANS AND METHOD
  5121401	USA	09JE1992	PULSED MODULATORS UTILIZING TRANSMISSION LINES
  5121413	USA	09JE1992	DIGITAL PULSE PROCESSOR FOR DETERMINING LEADING AND TRAILING TIME-
  			OF-ARRIVAL
  5124958	USA	23JE1992	DIGITAL TAU SYNTHESIZER
  5126716	USA	30JE1992	ARTIFICIAL RESISTIVE CARD
  5128638	USA	07JL1992	FOUR-PORT QUADRATURE COUPLER SUITABLE FOR MONOLIGHTIC IMPLEMENTATION
  5128967	USA	07JL1992	SYMBOL STATE TRELLIS MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD DETECTION METHOD
  5140510	USA	18AU1992	CONSTANT FREQUENCY POWER CONVERTER
  5144266	USA	01SE1992	BROADBAND HIGH FREQUENCY ACTIVE MMIC CIRCULATOR
  5144268	USA	01SE1992	BANDPASS FILTER UTILIZING CAPACITIVELY COUPLED STEPPED IMPEDANCE
  			RESONATORS
  5170175	USA	08DE1992	THIN FILM RESISTIVE LOADING FOR ANTENNAS
  5173941	USA	22DE1992	REDUCED CODEBOOK SEARCH ARRANGEMENT FOR CELP VOCODERS
  5175517	USA	29DE1992	LUMPED ELEMENT REALIZATION OF RING HYBRIDS INCLUDING PI CIRCUIT AND
  			TANK CIRCUIT MEANS
  5175703	USA	29DE1992	HIGH SPEED FULL ADDER AND METHOD
  5177381	USA	05JA1993	DISTRIBUTED LOGARITHMIC AMPLIFIER AND METHOD
  5179591	USA	12JA1993	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT
  5179594	USA	12JA1993	EFFICIENT CALCULATION OF AUTO CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS FOR CELP
  			VOCODER ADAPTIVE CODEBOOK
  5185611	USA	09FE1993	COMPACT ANTENNA ARRAY FOR DIVERSITY APPLICATIONS
  5185654	USA	09FE1993	ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD
  			FOR MAKING THE SAME
  5187745	USA	16FE1993	EFFICIENT CODEBOOK SEARCH FOR CELP VOCODERS
  5196805	USA	23MR1993	DISTRIBUTED DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER ARRANGEMENT
  5208853	USA	04MY1993	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USAGE PROTECTION OF DATA FILES USING SPLIT
  			KEY AND UNIQUE VARIABLE
  5218325	USA	08JE1993	LOW NOISE OSCILLATOR
  5221885	USA	22JE1993	LOW-POWER DUAL VOLTAGE DRIVE CIRCUIT AND METHOD
  5223691	USA	29JE1993	PLASMA BASED SOLDERING METHOD REQUIRING NO ADDITIONAL HEAT SOURCES
  			OR FLUX
  5226152	USA	06JL1993	FUNCTIONAL LOCKSTEP ARRANGEMENT FOR REDUNDANT PROCESSORS
  5227589	USA	13JL1993	PLATED-THROUGH INTERCONNECT SOLDER THIEF
  5230020	USA	20JL1993	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT
  5249212	USA	28SE1993	OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION WITH ERROR CORRECTION
  5249231	USA	28SE1993	MEMORY TAGGING FOR OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION
  5260644	USA	09NO1993	SELF-ADJUSTING SHUNT REGULATOR AND METHOD
  5265243	USA	23NO1993	PROCESSOR INTERFACE CONTROLLER FOR INTERFACING PERIPHERAL DEVICES
  			TO A PROCESSOR
  5271023	USA	14DE1993	UNINTERRUPTABLE FAULT TOLERANT DATA PROCESSOR
  5274675	USA	28DE1993	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POST-CORRELATION SCORING CIRCUIT
  5292254	USA	08MR1994	METHOD FOR DETERMINING MINE-FIELD EFFECTS IN A SIMULATED BATTLEFIELD
  5298905	USA	29MR1994	VISIBLE LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5303418	USA	12AP1994	HIGH ISOLATION MIXER
  5304961	USA	19AP1994	IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMING DIRECTIONAL COUPLER
  5307379	USA	26AP1994	AUTOMATIC NOISE CHARACTERIZATION FOR OPTIMALLY ENABLING A RECEIVER
  5311122	USA	10MY1994	RF TEST INTERFACE CONNECTION
  5317320	USA	31MY1994	MULTIPLE RADAR INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR
  5321420	USA	14JE1994	OPERATOR INTERFACE FOR AN ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
  5326414	USA	05JL1994	ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF
  			PRODUCTION THEREOF
  5335281	USA	02AU1994	NETWORK CONTROLLER AND METHOD
  5338617	USA	16AU1994	RADIO FREQUENCY ABSORBING SHIELD AND METHOD
  5338645	USA	16AU1994	THREE DIMENSIONAL PRINTED CIRCUITS
  5339459	USA	16AU1994	HIGH SPEED SAMPLE AND HOLD CIRCUlT AND RADIO CONSTRUCTED THE
  			REWITH
  5339462	USA	16AU1994	BROADBAND MIXER CIRCUIT AND METHOD
  5341115	USA	23AU1994	REINFORCED WRAP AROUND GROUND AND METHOD
  5341426	USA	23AU1994	CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5341427	USA	23AU1994	ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS
  5342999	USA	30AU1994	APPARATUS FOR ADAPTING SEMICONDUCTOR DIE PADS AND METHOD THE
  			REFOR
  5345056	USA	06SE1994	PLASMA BASED SOLDERING BY INDIRECT HEATING
  5357567	USA	18OC1994	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VOLUME SWITCHED GAIN CONTROL
  5359444	USA	25OC1994	AUTO-FOCUSING OPTICAL APPARATUS
  5365182	USA	15NO1994	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOW POWER CLOCK GENERATION FOR HIGH
  			SPEED APPLICATIONS
  5365591	USA	15NO1994	A SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC LOGIC ARRANGEMENT
  5373556	USA	13DE1994	QUICK CONNECT HOUSING COUPLING AND METHOD
  5374945	USA	20DE1994	GRAY LEVEL PRINTING USING A THERMAL PRINTHEAD
  5381332	USA	10JA1995	PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED SCHEDULE AND COST
  			INTEGRATION
  5382958	USA	17JA1995	A TIME TRANSFER POSITION LOCATION METHOD AND APPARATUS
  5383185	USA	17JA1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA COLLISION DETECTION IN A MULTI-
  			PROCESSOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  5386204	USA	31JA1995	HIGH ISOLATION MICROWAVE MODULE
  5389738	USA	14FE1995	TAMPERPROOF ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE
  5390238	USA	14FE1995	HEALTH SUPPORT SYSTEM
  5394156	USA	28FE1995	DIGITAL RANGE TURN-AROUND FOR TRACKING, TELEMETRY AND CONTROL
  			TRANSPONDER
  5401689	USA	28MR1995	METHOD FOR FORMING A SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP CARRIER
  5406842	USA	18AP1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING MICROWAVE
  			SIGNALS
  5414738	USA	09MY1995	MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD PATHS COMPARISON DECODER
  5442327	USA	15AU1995	MMIC TUNABLE BIPHASE MODULATOR
  5442330	USA	15AU1995	COUPLED LINE FILTER WITH IMPROVED OUT OF BAND REJECTION
  5446423	USA	29AU1995	DIGITAL SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR AND METHOD
  5446760	USA	29AU1995	PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL PULSE SHAPING PHASE MODULATOR
  5453720	USA	26SE1995	DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE PHASDE MODULATOR AND METHOD
  5454720	USA	03OC1995	METHOD FOR THE ELIMINATION OF AMBIGUOUS SOLUTIONS IN HYPERBOLIC
  			POSITIONING SYSTEMS
  5459681	USA	17OC1995	SPECIAL FUNCTION ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT METHOD AND APPARATUS
  5459756	USA	17OC1995	A SAMPLING PHASE DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT
  5465300	USA	07NO1995	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  5473557	USA	05DE1995	COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  5477009	USA	19DE1995	RESEALABLE MULTICHIP MODULE AND METHOD THEREFORE
  5479559	USA	26DE1995	EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD
  5481231	USA	02JA1996	LUMPED ELEMENT FOUR PORT COUPLER
  5490148	USA	06FE1996	BIT ERROR RATE ESTIMATOR
  5493309	USA	20FE1996	COLLISON AVOIDANCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5497160	USA	05MR1996	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTO-CORRELATION AND RANGE
  			CORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS
  5497400	USA	05MR1996	DECISION FEEDBACK DEMODULATOR WITH PHASE AND FREQUENCY ESTIMATION
  5504802	USA	02AP1996	A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING
  			AND RECEIVING DATA HAVING A WIRELINE INTERFACE
  5504834	USA	02AP1996	PITCH EPOCH SYNCHRONOUS LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING VOCODER
  			ANDMETHOD
  5506889	USA	09AP1996	DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5514626	USA	07MY1996	METHOD FOR REDUCING HETEROSTRUCTURE ACCOUSTIC CHARGE TRANSPORT
  			DEVICE SAW DRIVE POWER REQUIREMENTS
  5517688	USA	14MY1996	MMIC FET MIXER AND METHOD
  5518401	USA	21MY1996	NON-PYROTECHNIC CUES AND METHOD FOR AREA WEAPONS EFFECTS SIMULATION
  			SYSTEM
  5519403	USA	21MY1996	GPS COMMUNICATIONS MULTI-INTERFACE
  5522085	USA	28MY1996	ARITHMETIC ENGINE WITH DUAL MULTIPLIER ACCUMULATOR DEVICES
  5524134	USA	04JE1996	TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECURITY MODULE
  5525999	USA	11JE1996	MULTI-RECEIVER MASTER CONTROL STATION FOR DIFFERENTIAL GPS AND
  			METHOD
  5528526	USA	18JE1996	ARBITRARY REPEATING PATTERN DETECTOR
  5528634	USA	18JE1996	TRAJECTORY DIRECTED TIMING RECOVERY
  5530758	USA	25JE1996	OPERATIONAL METHODS FOR A SECURE NODE IN A COMPUTER NETWORK
  5543762	USA	06AU1996	N-WAY IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMING POWER DIVIDER/COMBINER
  5551051	USA	27AU1996	ISOLATED MULTIPROCESSING COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND METHOD
  5556281	USA	17SE1996	A SIMULATED AREA WEAPONS EFFECTS DISPLAY ARRANGEMENT
  5566088	USA	15OC1996	MODULAR RADIO TEST SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5568149	USA	22OC1996	A/D CONVERTER SUBSYSTEM WITH HALF LINEAR BUFFER AMPLIFIER
  5571018	USA	05NO1996	AN ARRANGEMENT FOR SIMULATING INDIRECT FIRE IN COMBAT TRAINING
  5574751	USA	12NO1996	METHOD FOR A SOFT-DECISION MODULATING SYSTEM
  5576671	USA	19NO1996	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POWER DIVIDING/COMBINING
  5579394	USA	26NO1996	CLEAR CHANNEL INTERFACE MODULE AND METHOD THEREFOR
  5579437	USA	26NO1996	PITCH EPOCH SYNCHRONOUS LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING VOCODER
  			ANDMETHOD
  5583468	USA	10DE1996	HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSITIOHN FROM A MICROSTRIP TRANSMISSION LINE TO
  			AN MMIC COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE
  5584067	USA	10DE1996	DUAL TRAVELING WAVE RESONATOR FILTER AND METHOD
  5588059	USA	24DE1996	COMPUTER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SECURE REMOTE COMMUNICATION
  			SESSIONS
  5588062	USA	24DE1996	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  5600260	USA	04FE1997	SEU HARDENING APPROACH FOR HIGH SPEED LOGIC
  5603098	USA	11FE1997	INTEGRATED RADIATING AND COUPLING DEVICE FOR DUPLEX COMMUNICATIONS
  5606322	USA	25FE1997	DIVERGENT CODE GENERATOR AND METHOD
  5612948	USA	18MR1997	HIGH BANDWIDTH COMMUNICATION NETWORK AND METHOD
  5612978	USA	18MR1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REAL-TIME ADAPTIVE INTERFERENCE CAN
  			CELLATION IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS
  5615266	USA	25MR1997	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  5623575	USA	22AP1997	EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD
  5630225	USA	13MY1997	DIELECTRIC RESONATOR IMAGE REJECT MIXER AND METHOD
  5633804	USA	27MY1997	METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCING PRINTED WIRING BOARD FABRICATION
  			DRAWINGS
  5646626	USA	08JL1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIGITAL CORRELATION IN PSEUDORANDOM
  			NOISE CODED SYSTEMS
  5646627	USA	08JL1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A BIPHASE MODULATOR
  			TOIMPROVE AUTOCORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED
  			SYSTEMS
  5664084	USA	02SE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VISUALLY CORRELATING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS
  5664113	USA	02SE1997	WORKING ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5673212	USA	30SE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR WITH
  			PARTITIONED PHASE ACCUMULATOR
  5696880	USA	09DE1997	COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USER AUTHENTICATION METHOD
  5699513	USA	16DE1997	METHOD FOR SECURE NETWORK ACCESS VIA MESSAGE INTERCEPT
  5703479	USA	30DE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT ISOLATION BY A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  			TESTER
  5703903	USA	30DE1997	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE FILTERING IN A HIGH INTERFERENCE
  			ENVIRONMENT
  5721782	USA	24FE1998	PARTITIONED ECHO CANCELER UTILIZING DECIMATION ECHO LOCATION
  5726663	USA	10MR1998	SURVIVAL RADIO INTERROGATOR
  5727125	USA	10MR1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIS OF SPEECH EXCITATION WAVE
  			FORMS
  5731539	USA	24MR1998	TARGET DETECTION METHOD
  5744930	USA	28AP1998	UNIVERSAL BATTERY COMPARTMENT
  5751718	USA	12MY1998	SIMULTANEOUS TRANSFER OF VOICE AND DATA INFORMATION USING MULTI-RATE
  			VOCODER AND BYTE CONTROL PROTOCOL
  5757848	USA	26MY1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DECIMATING DIGITAL PNCORRELATOR
  5777528	USA	07JL1998	MODE SUPPRESSING COPLANAR WAVE GUIDE TRANSITION AND METHOD
  5778416	USA	07JL1998	PARALLEL PROCESS ADDRESS GENERATOR AND METHOD
  5793749	USA	11AU1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATIONS TESTING USING A RECORDED
  			TEST MESSAGE
  5797121	USA	18AU1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR QUANTIZATION OF
  			SPEECH PARAMETERS
  5798765	USA	25AU1998	A THREE DIMENSIONAL LIGHT INTENSITY DISPLAY MAP
  5809036	USA	15SE1998	BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5809396	USA	15SE1998	RADIO TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK WITH SELECTABLE RING
  			SIGNALCOVERAGE
  5822193	USA	13OC1998	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RIGIDLY STABILIZING CIRCUIT BOARDS
  5822687	USA	13OC1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC TUNING CALIBRATION OF ELECTRICALLY
  			TUNED FILTERS
  5838151	USA	17NO1998	WIRELESS LOAD SHARING FOR PARALLEL POWER CONVERTERS AND METHOD
  5841874	USA	24NO1998	TERNARY CAM MEMORY ARCHTIECTURE AND METHODOLOGY
  5856970	USA	05JA1999	MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELLATION METHOD AND APPARATUS
  5861882	USA	19JA1999	INTEGRATED TEST AND MEASUREMENT MEANS EMPLOYING A GRPHICAL USER
  			INTERFACE
  5862132	USA	19JA1999	SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTIPLE ACCESS SHORT MESSAGE
  			COMMUNICATIONS
  5862152	USA	19JA1999	HIERARCHICALLY MANAGED BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE MODULE AND METHOD
  5867774	USA	02FE1999	SMART CONTROL PANEL FOR A RADIO
  5883792	USA	16MR1999	PRINTED WIRING CARD END BRACKET FOR RUGGEDIZING PRINTED WIRING
  			CARDS
  5894285	USA	13AP1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS TO SENSE AIRCRAFT PILOT EJECTION FOR RESCUE
  			RADIO ACTUATION
  5896452	USA	20AP1999	MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELER AND METHOD USING CONVOLUTION OF TWO
  			TRAINING SIGNALS
  5901226	USA	04MY1999	COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC HANDOFF
  5903603	USA	11MY1999	MODEM TRAINING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  5909359	USA	01JE1999	APPARATUS FOR A CIRCUIT BOARD EXTENDER
  5917911	USA	29JE1999	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIERACHICAL KEY ACCESS AND RECOVERY
  5918028	USA	29JE1999	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SMART HOST BUS ADAPTER FOR PERSONALCOMPUTER
  			CARDS
  5926756	USA	20JL1999	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROGRAMMING A CELLULAR PHONE
  5930291	USA	27JL1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SELECTING RANDOM VALUES FROM A NON-
  			SEQUENTIAL SET
  5930292	USA	27JL1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTOCORRELATION IN BIPHASE
  			MODULATED PSEUDORANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS USING TRI-STATE
  			DEMODULATION
  5930359	USA	27JL1999	CASCADABLE CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY AND SYSTEM
  5940439	USA	17AU1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE RATE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  5940508	USA	17AU1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEAMLESS CRYPTOREKEY SYSTEM
  5941708	USA	24AU1999	METHOD FOR SIMULATING TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF AREA WEAPONS
  5944822	USA	31AU1999	CHANNEL ISOLATION ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR DISSOCIATED DATA
  5945891	USA	31AU1999	MOLDED WAVEGUIDE FEED AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
  5946399	USA	31AU1999	FAILSAFE DEVICE DRIVER AND METHOD
  5949248	USA	07SE1999	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DYNAMIC HARDENING OF A DIGITAL CIRCUIT
  5953384	USA	14SE1999	AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF GPS CABLE DELAY TIME
  5953645	USA	14SE1999	MULTIPLE FREQUENCY BAND TERMINATION CIRCUIT AND METHOD
  5958073	USA	28SE1999	RELIABILITY ENHANCED PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING
  5966799	USA	19OC1999	METHOD OF MOLDING FREE-FLOATING INSERT
  5990703	USA	23NO1999	APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A LOW POWER LATCHABLE ADDER
  5995042	USA	30NO1999	SPOOFER DETECTION POWER MANAGEMENT FOR GPS RECEIVERS
  5995628	USA	30NO1999	FAILSAFE SECURITY SYSTEM AND METHOD
  5996406	USA	07DE1999	ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR A MATERIAL STORAGE MEASURING DEVICE
  5999990	USA	07DE1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  6000054	USA	07DE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING BINARY INFORMATION
  			USING RESTRICTED CODED MUDULATION AND PARALLELCONCATENATED
  			CONVOLUTION CODES
  6002375	USA	14DE1999	MULTI-SUBSTRATE HIGH FREQUENCY CIRCUIT
  6002878	USA	14DE1999	PROCESSOR POWER CONSUMPTION ESTIMATOR AND METHOD THEREFOR
  6020770	USA	01FE2000	TRANSPARENT LATCH-BASED SEQUENCER AND SEQUENCE CONTROLLING METHOD
  6026490	USA	15FE2000	CONFIGURABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING ENGINE AND METHOD
  6035313	USA	07MR2000	MEMORY ADDRESS GENERATOR FOR AN FET AND METHOD
  6037748	USA	14MR2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROL OF AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM USING
  			INTELLIGENT MOVEMENT DETECTION
  6038265	USA	14MR2000	APPARATUS FOR AMPLIFYING A SIGNAL USING DIGITAL PULSE
  			WIDTHMODULATORS
  6044323	USA	28MR2000	SATELLITE BASED COMMERCIAL AND MILITARY INTERCITY AND
  			INTERCONTINENTAL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
  6044458	USA	28MR2000	CONTROL FLOW MONITOR SYSTEM AND METHOD
  6072986	USA	06JE2000	METHOD OF IDENTIFYING ANTENNA BEAMS FOR TRANSMISSION OF RINGALERT
  			MESSAGES
  6073014	USA	06JE2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING TELEPHONY
  			INFRASTRUCTURE
  6081215	USA	27JE2000	HIGH-SPEED INTERLACED ANALOG INTERFACE
  6081895	USA	27JE2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING DATA UNIT PROCESSING
  6081896	USA	27JE2000	CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH PROGRAMMABLE FUNCTION UNITS
  			AND METHOD
  6084919	USA	04JL2000	COMMUNICATION UNIT HAVING SPECTRAL ADAPTABILITY
  6085073	USA	04JL2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCING THE SAMPLING RATE OF A SIGNAL FOR USE
  			IN DEMODULATING HIGH MODULATION INDEX FREQUENCY MODULATED SIGNALS
  6085090	USA	04JL2000	AUTONOMOUS INTERROGATABLE INFORMATION AND POSITION DEVICE
  6085350	USA	04JL2000	SINGLE EVENT UPSET TOLERANT SYSTEM AND METHOD
  6088581	USA	11JL2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AMPLITUDE MODULATED INTERFERENCE
  			IN A RECEIVER
  6088804	USA	11JL2000	ADAPTIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RESPONDING TO COMPUTER NETWORK
  			SECURITY ATTACKS
  6090151	USA	18JL2000	ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR
  6098133	USA	01AU2000	BUS ARBITER INTERCONNECT MODULE
  6101255	USA	08AU2000	PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD
  6108419	USA	22AU2000	DIFFERENTIAL FAULT ANALYSIS HARDENING APPARATUS AND EVALUATION
  			METHOD
  6112229	USA	29AU2000	SECURE TERMINAL SYSTEM AND METHOD OF COMMUNICATING
  6118805	USA	12SE2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FREQUENCY HOPPING ADAPTATION
  6122309	USA	19SE2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE
  			SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES
  6133854	USA	17OC2000	SATELLITE SUPPORTED TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLER
  6134484	USA	17OC2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF SPACECRAFT
  			BASED TIME AND POSITION USING GPS
  6141548	USA	31OC2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT IN A COMMUNICATIONS
  			SYSTEM
  6141757	USA	31OC2000	SECURE COMPUTER WITH BUS MONITORING SYSTEM AND METHODS
  6144739	USA	07NO2000	COMPUTER NETWORK PROTECTION USING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SEALING SOFTWARE
  			AGENTS AND OBJECTS
  6147646	USA	14NO2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION ABOUT A PLURALITY
  			OF EMITTERS
  6147980	USA	14NO2000	AVIONICS SATELLITE BASED DATA MESSAGE ROUTING AND DELIVERY SYSTEM
  6148196	USA	14NO2000	REMOTE CONTROL AND LOCATION SYSTEM
  6154489	USA	28NO2000	ADAPTIVE-RATE CODED DIGITAL IMAGE TRANSMISSION
  6181272	USA	30JA2001	DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
  6185430	USA	06FE2001	VOICE CALL GROUP FUNCTION FOR A SATELLITE BASED AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
  			SYSTEM
  6190737	USA	20FE2001	METALIZED ELASTOMERS
  6192158	USA	20FE2001	WAVELET IMAGE CODER USING TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION
  6199040	USA	06MR2001	SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING A PERCEPTUALLY ENCODED SPEECH
  			SPECTRUM SIGNAL
  6219791	USA	17AP2001	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND VERIFYING ENCRYPTEDDATA
  			PACKETS
  6240282	USA	29MY2001	APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING NONLINEAR SIGNAL CLASSIFICTIN IN A
  			COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  6249166	USA	19JE2001	PIPELINED PROGRAMABLE DIGITAL PULSE DELAY
  6269252	USA	31JL2001	PROGRAMMABLE BRIDGING APPARATUS
  D352030	USA	01NO1994	TELEPHONE MODULE
  D354752	USA	24JA1995	TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECURITY ADAPTOR
  D359960	USA	04JL1995	CLIP-ON EARPIECE FOR A PORTABLE HANDSET TELEPHONE OR SIMILAR
  			ARTICLE
  D365105	USA	12DE1995	TERMINAL ADAPTER MODULE
  D365348	USA	19DE1995	TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM ENCLOSURE
  D383404	USA	09SE1997	COMPACT LOW-PROFILE COMMUNICATION ANALYZER FOR RECEIVING INSERTABLE
  			SMART MODULES
  D383405	USA	09SE1997	COMPACT, LOW-PROFILE COMMUNICATION ANALYZER FOR RECEIVING INSERTABLE
  			SMART MODULES
  D389837	USA	27JA1998	CONTROL FACE PLATE FOR A RADIO
  D395015	USA	09JE1998	SMART MODULE FOR USE WITH COMMUNICATIONS ANALYZER
  D396470	USA	28JL1998	PALM-TOP REMOTE CONTROL
  D400168	USA	27OC1998	AC ADAPTER UNIT ENCLOSURE
  D405081	USA	02FE1999	HANDSET FOR A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE
  D407091	USA	23MR1999	FRONT PANEL FOR A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE
  D416263	USA	09NO1999	CIPHERTEL UNIT ENCLOSURE
  D431824	USA	10OC2000	WIRELESS INFORMATION TRANSFER SYSTEM FRONT PANEL
  D434408	USA	28NO2000	PORTABLE VOICE AND DATA ENCRYPTION MODULE
  D440671	USA	17AP2001	VENTED ROOF ENCLOSURE
  4893098	USA	09JA1990	90 Degree Broadband Mmi C Hybrid
  4893266	USA	09JA1990	Alias Tagging Time Domainto Frequency Domain Signal Converter
  4894658	USA	16JA1990	Method Of Data Reduction In Non-Coherent Side-Looking Airborne Radars
  5265269	USA	23NO1993	Intermediate Frequency Indepen Dent Star Mixer
  5266958	USA	30NO1993	Direction Indicating Apparatus And Method
  5278873	USA	11JA1994	Broadband Digital Phase Aligne R
  5690491	USA	25NO1997	Method And Apparatus For Simulating The Effects Of Precision-Guided Munitions
  5695341	USA	09DE1997	A Simulated Area Weapons Effects Display Arrangement
  95-1642	VENE	25FE2000	DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD

• [0054]

  Exhibit A - Assigned Patents Pending

  Docket No.	Ctry	App No	App.Dt	Title

  2661	ARGE	333641	25SE1995	DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD
  9048	ASTL	41913/99	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  2661	CANA	2154410	21JL1995	DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD
  2672	CANA	2158110	12SE1995	AN ARRANGEMENT FOR SIMULATING INDIRECT FIRE IN COMBAT TRAINING
  9032	CANA	2288960	02FE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT
  9048	CANA	2331313	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  2661	CHIN	95116999.8	31AU1995	DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD
  9032	CHIN	99800220.8	02FE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT
  2371	EPC	95108621.4	06JE1995	COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  2471	EPC	94118911	01DE1994	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  2619	EPC	95118852.3	30NO1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT ISOLATION BY A COMMUNICATION
  				SYSTEM TESTER
  2862	EPC	97104110.8	12MR1997	PARTITIONED ECHO CANCELER UTILIZING DECIMATION ECHO LOCATION
  2893	EPC	97935152.5	29JL1997	TERNARY CAM MEMORY ARCHITECTURE AND METHODOLOGY
  4009	EPC	98107595.5	27AP1998	PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD
  4011	EPC	98114146.8	29JL1998	CONFIGURABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING ENGINE AND METHOD
  4092	EPC	97948124.9	28OC1997	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIERACHICAL KEY ACCESS AND
  				RECOVERY
  4280	EPC	PCT/US99/01897	28JA1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE
  				SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES
  9032	EPC	99949519.5	02FE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT
  9048	EPC	99925671.2	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  9055	EPC	99956863.7	02NO1999	CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING FOR A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  9036	FINL	990998	04SE1998	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING
  				TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE
  9032	FRAN	9900934	28JA1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT IN A
  				COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  2454	GERM	P4431886.3	07SE1994	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING
  				MICROWAVE SIGNALS
  4280	ISRA	131920	28JA1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE
  				SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES
  9048	ISRA	138740	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  2195	JAPA	4-290804	05OC1992	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTABLISHING SECURE
  				COMMUNICATIONSLINK
  2370	JAPA	6-332803	15DE1994	ARITHMETIC ENGINE
  2371	JAPA	7-164508	08JE1995	COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  2631	JAPA	7-350479	21DE1995	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATION TESTING USING A
  				RECORDED TEST MESSAGE
  2764	JAPA	8-318852	13NO1996	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR
  				QUANTIZATION OF SPEECH PARAMETERS
  2931	JAPA	9-236570	18AU1997	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROGRAMMING A CELLULAR PHONE
  4009	JAPA	10-132755	27AP1998	PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD
  9048	JAPA	2000-550220	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  2370	KORS	94-34610	16DE1994	ARITHMETIC ENGINE
  2371	KORS	95-15453	08JE1995	COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD
  9048	KORS	10-2000-7011216	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  4009	MAYS	PI9801897	27AP1998	PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD
  9048	MEXI	11342	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  2471	NORW	944464	22NO1994	SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD
  4368	PCT	PCT/US00/32390	28NO2000	BURST COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS
  4476	PCT	PCT/US00/30014	31OC2000	SEPARATION KERNEL
  4486	PCT	PCT/US00/32705	01DE2000	SATELLITE RELAY METHOD AND APPARATUS
  4501	PCT	PCT/US01/09714	27MR2001	SCALABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE
  4549	PCT	PCT/US01/25412	14AU2001	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING INTEROPERATION
  				BETWEEN A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A PUBLIC
  				SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK
  4564	PCT	PCT/US01/13374	26AP2001	SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM EXECUTION
  				CONTROL
  4577	PCT	PCT/US01/20821	29JE2001	CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES IN A DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION
  4582	PCT	PCT/US01/25000	09AU2001	RF CONTROL INTERFACE FOR SYSTEM WITH SPATIALLY SEPARATED
  				COMPONENTS
  9048	POLA	P-344663	18MY1999	COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES
  9055	POLA	P-341386	02NO1999	CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING FOR A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  2370	SING	9602548-1	01DE1994	ARITHMETIC ENGINE
  2742	SING	9703569-5	25SE1997	SURVIVAL RADIO INTERROGATOR
  2764	SWED	9604563-8	12DE1996	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR
  				QUANTIZATION OF SPEECH PARAMETERS
  9036	SWED	9901585-1	04SE1998	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING
  				TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE
  C1836K	USA	09/642382	22AU2000	ANTENNA MOUNTING APPARATUS
  2937 C01	USA	09/580291	26MY2000	ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4002	USA	09/276588	25MR1999	IMAGE ENCODER USING DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND TRELLIS
  				CODED QUANTIZATION
  4004	USA	09/050293	30MR1998	ADAPTIVE WAVELET CODING OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY
  4097	USA	08/991822	17DE1997	DISTRIBUTED PACKET COMMUNICATION NETWORK
  4160	USA	09/390785	07SE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A WEARABLE COMPUTER
  4178	USA	09/066794	27AP1998	SATELLITE BASED DATA TRANSFER AND DELIVERY SYSTEM
  4191	USA	09/124719	30JL1998	RADIO WIRELINE INTERFACE AND METHOD FOR SECURE
  				COMMUNICATION
  4296	USA	09/093083	08JE1998	TRAFFIC KEY ACCESS METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR SECURE
  				COMMUNICATION WITHOUT KEY ESCROW FACILITY
  4327	USA	09/240948	28JA1999	METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS TO A SHARED SECRET
  4329	USA	09/425129	22OC1999	RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATION
  4330	USA	09/286067	05AP1999	ENCRYPTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING SECURE
  				DATA OVER A HIGH SPEED SERIAL LINK
  4344	USA	09/400258	21SE1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DATA SCRAMBLING
  4357	USA	09/665325	19SE2000	METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS SYSTEM
  				RESOURCES IN A REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM
  4367	USA	09/685497	10OC2000	METHOD FOR PRECOMPENSATING FREQUENCY DATA FOR USE IN HIGH
  				VELOCITY SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
  4368	USA	09/464975	16DE1999	BURST COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS
  4456	USA	09/369463	06AU1999	VOICE DECODER AND METHOD FOR DETECTING CHANNEL ERRORS
  				USING SPECTRAL ENERGY EVOLUTION
  4459	USA	09/478058	05JA2000	COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI-RATE, CANNEL-
  				OPTIMIZED TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION
  4472	USA	09/370191	09AU1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DELAY LOCK LOOP
  				TRACKING OF GPS PSEUDO RANDOM CODES
  4476	USA	09/443597	19NO1999	SEPARATION KERNEL WITH MEMORY ALLOCATION, REMOTE
  				PROCEDURE CALL AND EXCEPTION HANDLING MECHANISMS
  4486	USA	09/465962	17DE1999	SATELLITE RELAY METHOD AND APPARATUS
  4497	USA	09/493825	28JA2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCURATELY DETERMINING THE
  				POSITION OF SATELLITES IN GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS
  4501	USA	09/540022	31MR2000	SCALABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE
  4549	USA	09/650516	29AU2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING INTEROPERATION
  				BETWEEN A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A PUBLIC
  				SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK
  4550	USA	09/696370	25OC2000	A PACKET RELAY PROTOCOL BASED ON FLOOD ROUTING WITH
  				RANDOM DELAY BEFORE RETRANSMISSION
  4562	USA	09/586120	02JE2000	DYNAMIC HARDWARE RESOURCE MANAGER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED
  				COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  4564	USA	09/568771	10MY2000	SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM EXECUTION
  4566	USA	09/615303	13JL2000	METHOD OF REGULATING A FLOW OF DATA IN A COMMUNICATION
  				SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
  4567	USA	09/649559	28AU2000	TRANSMITTER HAULING PROGRAMABLE TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS
  				TEMPORALLY ALIGNED WITH PAYLOAD AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4572	USA	09/570129	12MY2000	RADIO TRANSMISSION TIMING CALIBRATOR
  4574	USA	09/592230	12JE2000	HARDWARE RESOURCE IDENTIFIER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED
  				COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  4575	USA	09/618401	18JL2000	CONFIGURABLE SOFTWARE OBJECT DISTRIBUTOR AND SIMULATOR
  				FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
  4577	USA	09/610740	06JL2000	METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES IN
  				A DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION
  4578	USA	09/639496	14AU2000	SYMBOL SYNCHRONIZER FOR SOFTWARE DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS
  				SYSTEM SIGNAL COMBINER
  4581	USA	09/578112	24MY2000	DYNAMIC DC BALANCING OF A DIRECT CONVERSION RECEIVER AND
  				METHOD
  4582	USA	09/636139	10AU2000	RF CONTROL INTERFACE FOR SYSTEM WITH SPATIALLY SEPARATED
  				COMPONENTS
  4591	USA	09/833005	12AP2001	METHOD FOR SECURELY PROVIDING ENCRYPTION KEYS
  4596	USA	09/667903	22SE2000	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ERROR-RESILIENT VIDEO CODING
  4597	USA	09/717592	21NO2000	METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT RECOGNITION AND
  				COMPRESSIONP
  4655	USA	09/822149	02AP2001	ACTIVE INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR UTILIZING RECOMBINANT
  				TRANSMULTIPLEXING
  9045	USA	09/145805	02SE1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ASYCHRONOUS ADAPTIVE PROTOCOL
  				LAYER TUNING
  9055	USA	09/186086	05NO1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING
  				IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
  13913	USA	09/473349	28DE1999	METHOD FOR A POST HPA FILTER REJECTION EQUALIZER
  13914	USA	09/473352	28DE1999	MEMORYLESS NON-LINEAR PREDISTORTION OF DIGITAL AMPLITUDE
  				MODULATION
  13915	USA	09/473174	28DE1999	METHOD FOR LOCALLY ADAPTED FRACTIONALLY SPACED LINEAR
  				PREDISTORTER
  13916	USA	09/473457	28DE1999	LOCALLY-ADAPTED PARALLEL T-SPACED LINEAR PREDISTORTER
  15000	USA	09/282108	31MR1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SKIN-E-NET CONTROL AND STATUS
  				NETWORK
  15009	USA	09/432062	02NO1999	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INFORMATION SELECTION AND
  				ROUTING BY INTELLIGENT AGENTS
  15025	USA	09/153976	16SE1998	WIRELESS ACCESS UNIT UTILIZING ADAPTIVE SPECTRUM
  				EXPLOITATION
  15143	USA	09/282105	31MR1999	PERIPHERAL INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK
  15144	USA	09/282104	31MR1999	SWITCHING DEVICES FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK
  15145	USA	09/282782	31MR1999	COMPUTER INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK
  968	USA	490921	02MY1983	FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUITRY FOR A COMMERCIAL
  				MICROPROCESSOR
  1058	USA	357349	08MR1982	PARTIALLY MATCHED ECM FOR USE AGAINST PULSE COMPRESSION
  				RADARS AND METHOD THEREFOR (U)
  1202	USA	06/490609	02MY1983	FLUID EXTENDIBLE MAST AND METHODS OF DEPLOYMENT AND
  				STOWING THEREFOR
  1380	USA	841385	16DE1985	MULTIPLE FALSE TARGET ECM TECHNIQUE (U)
  1381	USA	841384	16DE1985	RADAR DECEPTION METHODS (U)
  1397	USA	911552	25SE1986	CHARGE TRIGGERING APPARATUS AND METHOD
  1460	USA	823116	26SE1985	MODIFIED PLANAR ANTENNA
  1475	USA	789008	22JL1985	TRACKING RADAR RECEIVER
  1691	USA	377295	26JE1989	DATA MANIPULATION ARRANGEMENT FOR A NETWORK ENCRYPTION
  				SYSTEM (U)
  1699	USA	81965	01JL1987	FABRICATION OF RADIATION HARDENED SILICON GATE MOS DEVICES
  				(U)
  1770	USA	364684	08MY1989	MULTI-RAIL LOOK AHEAD FOR A KEY GENERATOR
  1912	USA	529810	29MY1990	CONE BEAM DOUBLET FOR PASSIVE SENSOR TARGET DETECTION
  2046	USA	618550	27NO1990	CRYPTO IGNITION KEY INTERFACE
  2629	USA	08/415973	03AP1995	VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR
  2629 D01	USA	08/580116	16JA1996	VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR
  4119	USA	09/072168	04MY1998	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MULTIDIMENSIONAL
  				FEATURE LESS SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION
  71254	USA	197556	08NO1971	ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURE TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUS UNDER
  				SECRECY ORDER

• [0055]

  Exhibit B to Patent Assignment Agreement - Invention Disclosures

  Docket No.	Inventor Names	Title
  4565	Williams, Clifford Andrew, Harbin, Donald Bruce,	Configurable Guard for use in Complex Cryptographic Systems
  	Perona, Richard Allen; Wootten Jonathan Gleen
  4662	Pickett, Michael Newton	Low Noise, High Power Voltage Controlled Oscillator
  4670	Jeffers, Patrick David; Waldo, Michael Kip	Method to Compensate for Phase Shift in Automatic Gain Control Elements
  	Eugene
  4597b	Abousleman, Glen	Contour Coding Methods
  4596b	Abousleman, Glen	Model-based Compression Methods
  4561	Vanden Heuvel, Dean Paul; Baumgartner, Kelly	Method and Apparatus for Simultaneous Digital Data Transmission and Echo
  	Roy; Dawson, John Williams	Cancellation Inhibit in a PSTN PCM Traffic Stream
  4605	Orcutt, Edward Kerry; Willis, Carl Myron; Bahr,	Link Connectivity Algorithm for Dynamic Networks with Limited Resources and
  	Randall Kent	Known Geometry
  4656	Wreshner, Kenneth Solomon; Clelland, Eric Jay;	Method for Adaptive Signal Compression
  	Petticrew, Keith; Trapp, Robert; Rhamy Chad
  4658	Clelland, Eric Jay; Johnson, Christopher B.;	Method and Apparatus for Adaptive Matched Filter Signal Parameter Measurements
  	Wreshner, Kenneth S.; Petticrew Keith; Trapp
  	Robert
  4659	Huntley, Clarence Walter	Microfluidic Pump/Battery Charger
  4660	Blanchard, Scott David & Lee, Kerry David	Dual Antena Deplpoyment Apparatus for Handheld Satellite Terminal
  4664	Blanchard, Scott David	Method and Apparatus for Matrix Amplifier and Digital Beam-forming in a Satellite
  		Communication System
  4665	Blanchard, Scott David	Method and Apparatus for Reducing Dynamic Range, Downlink Bandwidth and
  		Transmit Power in a Transparent Satellite Communication System
  4666	Blanchard, Scott David	Method and Apparatus for Reducing Uplink Bandwidth and Transmit Power in a
  		Transparent Satellite Communication System
  No Number	Vanden Heuvel, Dean Paul; Blanchard, Scott	Method and Apparatus to Provide Redundant Inter-Regional Communications Links
  Assigned	David	in a Mobile Satellite System
  4672	Blanchard, Scott David	Method for predicting signal fades of a CDMA signal propagating through the
  		ionosphere
  4669	Cohlman, Donald Charles; Sharrit, John Paul;	Highly Agile Radio Transceiver Modulation and Frequency Operation
  	Alonge, Paul Joseph
  4671	Jeffers, Patrick David, Waldo, Michael Kip	Programmable Device Configuration Authentication Method
  	Eugene
  4593	Haakenson, Nichi Lynn; Dunbar, Lori Rene;	Tamper Resistant Layout Design
  	Soelberg, Chris Allen; Neil, James Ray
  4673	Kitaj, Paul; Paskett, Serman; Hardy, Doug;	Multi-Level Acces Control System
  	Seeker, Frank; Tugenberg, Steve
  4657	Strouse, Steven; Besser, Brant; Voegtly, Carl	Conductive Foam usinf Room Temperature Liquid Metal Alloy
  4667	Piosenka, Gerald V.; Reinold, Jurgen; Vanden	Method, Apparatus and Applications for Coupling High-Speed Broadcast Delivery
  	Heuvel, Dean Paul	with Low-Speed Interactive Data Applicability

Claims (75)

What is claimed is:

1. A communications system comprising:

a plurality of data utilization devices distributed within a first service area, each of said data utilization devices being coupled to a device transceiver for providing wireless communication with an exterior environment; and

a wireless access unit (WAU), located within said first service area, including:

a satellite communication transceiver subsystem having a satellite transceiver for communicating with a satellite via a first wireless channel; and

a WAU transceiver subsystem for communicating, via a second wireless channel, with a selected data utilization device in said plurality of data utilization devices;

wherein said WAU transceiver subsystem is coupled to said satellite communication transceiver subsystem for enabling communication therebetween.

2. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said WAU further comprises:

an infrastructure interface for providing a connection between said WAU and at least one non-satellite communications service, wherein said infrastructure interface is coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem for communication with said selected data utilization device.

3. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 2, wherein:

said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a wired communications service.

4. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 3, wherein:

said wired communications service includes at least one of the following: a public switched telephone network, an integrated services digital network, a cable television network, a fiber optic communication network, and a local area network.

5. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 2, wherein:

said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a cellular telephone system.

6. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 2, wherein:

said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a microwave link.

7. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 2, wherein:

said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a terrestrial wireless communications system.

8. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, further comprising:

a protocol transformation processor, coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem, for transforming data between a first communication protocol supported by said satellite and a second communication protocol, that is different from said first communication protocol, supported by said selected data utilization device, wherein said second communication protocol varies based upon which of said plurality of data utilization devices is selected.

9. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one personal computer having a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM) coupled to said CPU, and a mass storage means, wherein said CPU is capable of executing programs residing in said RAM.

10. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 9, wherein:

said mass storage means includes means for providing program files supporting various communications services available from said WAU.

11. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 10, wherein:

said personal computer includes means for selectively transferring program files from said mass storage means to said RAM based on a desired communications service.

12. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 10, wherein:

said mass storage means includes means for accepting a removable storage medium, wherein a first storage medium having a first set of program files can be replaced with a second storage medium having a second set of program files.

13. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 12, wherein:

said removable storage medium includes at least one of the following: a floppy disk and a CD ROM disk.

14. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 10, wherein:

said personal computer includes means for receiving additional program files from a wireless channel.

15. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one radio frequency tag.

16. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one device capable of performing a remote sensor function.

17. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 16, wherein:

said at least one device includes a sensor for sensing at least one of the following: electrical power usage, fuel usage, and waste production.

18. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 16, wherein:

said at least one device includes means for determining a location of said at least one device.

19. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 16, wherein:

said at least one device includes means for determining a velocity.

20. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 16, wherein:

said at least one device includes means for tracking an inventory.

21. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a private residence for providing high data rate services to said private residence.

22. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 21, wherein:

said high data rate services include high-definition television (HDTV) services.

23. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a medical establishment for use in providing high data rate medical data services.

24. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in an educational establishment for use in providing high data rate educational data services.

25. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in an industrial establishment for use in providing high data rate industrial data services.

26. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in an entertainment establishment for use in providing high data rate entertainment data services.

27. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a commercial retail establishment for use in providing high data rate commercial data services.

28. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a vehicle for providing high data rate mobile data services.

29. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU is mounted on a pole within said first service area.

30. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU is mobile within said first service area.

31. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 30, wherein:

said WAU is located on an aircraft traveling through said first service area.

32. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 30, wherein:

said WAU is located on one of the following: an automobile, a truck, a train, and a ship.

33. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, further comprising:

a modem distribution processor, coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem, for determining a first modulation format for use in communicating with said selected data utilization device.

34. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 33, wherein:

said modem distribution processor is remotely programmable.

35. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 33, wherein:

said modem distribution processor has access to a plurality of modem modules, each modem module being operative for generating data having a particular modulation format, wherein said modem distribution processor selects a modem module from said plurality of modem modules based on said first modulation format.

36. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, further comprising a memory for storing a plurality of user profiles.

37. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 36, wherein:

said memory includes a user profile corresponding to at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices.

38. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU transceiver subsystem includes multiple channels for supporting multiple external connections simultaneously.

39. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU transceiver subsystem includes means for performing spread spectrum communications.

40. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 39, wherein:

said means for performing spread spectrum communications includes means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation.

41. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 40, wherein:

said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for performing both frequency hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum modulation on a signal.

42. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 41, wherein:

said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for adjusting frequency hopping processing gain.

43. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 41, wherein:

said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for adjusting direct sequence spread spectrum processing gain.

44. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 41, wherein:

said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for adjusting both frequency hopping processing gain and direct sequence spread spectrum processing gain.

45. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, further comprising:

a processor, coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem, for use in identifying unused radio frequency spectrum in said second wireless channel and for selecting at least one operational frequency for said WAU transceiver subsystem in accordance therewith.

46. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes means for providing automatic network affiliation of data utilization devices.

47. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes means for providing automatic network removal of data utilization devices.

48. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said WAU includes an expert agent function.

49. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said WAU includes an internet protocol gateway.

50. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one peer-to-peer link between data utilization devices.

51. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said satellite communication transceiver subsystem includes a satellite antenna for coupling signals between said satellite transceiver and said first wireless channel.

52. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 51, wherein:

said satellite antenna includes a phased array antenna.

53. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes a peer-to-peer antenna for use in communicating with at least one other WAU.

54. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes an encryption processor for use in encrypting/decrypting communications signals transferred between said WAU and said selected data utilization device.

55. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes a spectrum scanning processor for use in monitoring a spectral environment in said second wireless channel.

56. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 55, wherein:

said WAU includes means for generating a transmit signal based on said spectral environment in said second wireless channel.

57. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes means for suppressing interference components in signals received from said second wireless channel.

58. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said communications system operates as an overlay on at least one other communications system having an overlapping operational frequency range.

59. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 1, wherein:

said WAU includes means for performing a bridging function between a plurality of external systems.

60. A communications system comprising:

a plurality of data utilization devices distributed within a first service area, each of said data utilization devices being coupled to a device transceiver for providing wireless communication with an exterior environment; and

a wireless access unit (WAU), located within said first service area, including:

a wireless communication transceiver subsystem having a wireless transceiver coupled to an antenna for communicating with an external communications platform via a first wireless channel, wherein said external communications platform is capable of providing a plurality of high data rate communications services to said WAU; and

a WAU transceiver subsystem for communicating, via a second wireless channel, with a selected data utilization device in said plurality of data utilization devices;

wherein said WAU transceiver subsystem is coupled to said wireless communication transceiver subsystem for enabling communication between said WAU transceiver subsystem and said wireless communication transceiver subsystem.

61. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 60, wherein said communications platform is mobile.

62. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 60, wherein said communications platform is located on an aircraft.

63. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 60, wherein said communications platform is mounted to a structure within said first service area.

64. The communications system, as claimed inclaim 60, wherein said communications platform includes a cellular telephone system.

65. A wireless access unit (WAU) for use in a wireless communications system having a plurality of data utilization devices located within a first service area, said WAU comprising:

a satellite communication transceiver subsystem for communicating with a satellite via a first wireless channel;

a WAU transceiver subsystem for communicating, via a second wireless channel, with a selected data utilization device in the plurality of data utilization devices, wherein said WAU transceiver subsystem is coupled to said satellite communication transceiver subsystem for enabling communication therebetween; and

a chassis supporting both said satellite communication transceiver subsystem and said WAU transceiver subsystem, wherein said chassis is adapted for mounting within said first service area.

66. The WAU, as claimed inclaim 65, wherein:

said chassis includes means for use in mounting said WAU to a pole.

67. The WAU, as claimed inclaim 65, wherein:

said chassis includes means for use in mounting said WAU to a building.

68. The WAU, as claimed inclaim 65, wherein:

said WAU has a size and weight that allows said WAU to be mounted within said first service area by a single installer.

69. The WAU, as claimed inclaim 65, further comprising:

an infrastructure interface for providing a connection between said WAU and at least one wired communications service, wherein said infrastructure interface is coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem for communication with said selected data utilization device.

70. A subscriber interface module (SIM) for use with a personal computer to provide high data rate wireless communications between said personal computer and a wireless access unit (WAU) mounted within a first service area, said WAU including a satellite communication transceiver subsystem for communicating with a satellite, said SIM comprising:

a receiver for use in processing a high data rate signal received from a first wireless communications channel;

a transmitter for generating a high data rate transmit signal for delivery to said first wireless communications channel;

antenna connection means for connecting to at least one antenna for interfacing with said first communications channel; and

a housing supporting said receiver, transmitter, and at least one antenna port, said housing having attachment means for coupling said SIM to the personal computer, said attachment means including means for coupling high data rate signals between said SIM and the personal computer.

71. The SIM, as claimed inclaim 70, wherein:

said attachment means includes means for insertion into a PCMCIA port on the personal computer.

72. The SIM, as claimed inclaim 70, wherein:

said attachment means includes means for insertion into a standard expansion slot on the personal computer.

73. The SIM, as claimed inclaim 70, further comprising:

means for executing commands received from said personal computer.

74. The SIM, as claimed inclaim 70, further comprising:

means for configuring at least one of said transmitter and said receiver based on configuration information received from said personal computer.

75. The SIM, as claimed inclaim 70, wherein:

said high data rate signal has a data rate equal to or exceeding 400 kbps.

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