US20030108429A1 - Infusion-suction (I/S) cassette provided with suction system having both a peristaltic or volumetric pump and a pressure sensitive (or Venturi) pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an infusion—suction (I/a) cassette (20) provided with suction system having both a peristaltic or volumetric pump (21) and a pressure sensitive (or Venturi) pump (30), comprising a fluid suction line (27) from the surgical handpiece, a vacuum sensor (22), a valve (29) blocking the passive suction, a collection tank (25), a feeding line (28) for a sterile irrigation solution, a first passage valve (23) for the irrigation solution and a second valve (24) for interruption of the passage of the irrigation solution, a handpiece irrigation line (26), a peristaltic or in any case volumetric line (21), about which the suction line passes, and a pressure sensitive pump (30), connected to the suction line (27) by a vacuum sensor (22), activation of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump (21) involving the closure of said passive suction blocking valve (29) and the activation of said pressure sensitive pump (30), the activation of the pressure sensitive pump (30) involving the deactivation of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump (21), with the interruption of the suction line (31) about the same, and consequent deviation of the suction line through said passive suction blocking valve (29).

Description

• The present invention relates to an infusion—suction (I/a) cassette provided with suction system having both a peristaltic or volumetric pump and a pressure sensitive (or Venturi) pump.[0001]
• As it is well known, suction systems for ocular surgical instruments are provided with pump suitable to create vacuum up to a pre-established value set by the surgeon.[0002]
• At present, various pumps are employed, said pump, generally speaking, being included in two groups, namely, volumetric kind pumps and pressure sensitive kind pumps.[0003]
• In the volumetric kind pumps, such as peristaltic and gear pumps, the rotation of the pump induces the displacement of a liquid volume proportional to the rotation speed. Vacuum growths to the pre-established value only in case the suction opening is occluded, and therefore said value must be only intended as a safety value.[0004]
• In the pressure sensitive kind pumps, such as Venturi effect pump, it is instead generated a vacuum at the wished level, independently from the occlusion of the suction opening.[0005]
• Practically, while in the first kind of pumps the primary parameters is the volume of the liquid with respect to the time unit (flow) and the vacuum is a parameter depending on the impedance of the suction circuit, in the second group pumps the primary parameter is the vacuum level and the flow has a value depending on the impedance of the suction circuit.[0006]
• The different behaviour of the two pump kinds is reflected in a different behaviour when used in the ophthalmic surgery, making the two systems preferred on the basis of the kind of surgical intervention or of the operation phase, or even according to the operator preferences.[0007]
• For example, when removing cataracts having a low hardness, not being necessary reaching very high vacuum levels, it can be preferable to use a Venturi kind pump, due to the better performances in following masses of the nucleus and bringing them close to the tip of the phaco-emulsifier.[0008]
• Furthermore, in the vitreous surgeon, case for which surgical instruments having very high impedance to the fluid passage, it is still preferred to use the Venturi pump since, due to the impendances, even with very high vacuum levels, they are not generated high suction flows and the Venturi pump does not have vacuum micro-fluctuations, that are typical of the action of the peristaltic pump rollers.[0009]
• On the contrary, during the phaco-emulsification of the hard cataracts, requiring very high vacuum levels, Venturi pump has the disadvantage of creating, due to the low impedance of the phaco-emulsifier tip, too high flow levels that cannot be balanced by the irrigation flow while the peristaltic pump can be adjusted on a moderate flow and the vacuum brings to the wished value only when the surgical tip is occluded by the mass to be sucked (thus without generating liquid flow).[0010]
• Until some years ago, machines for the ophthalmic surgery (cataract and retina) were divided into two groups:[0011]
• machines provided with Venturi pump, or in any case with volumetric pump;[0012]
• machines provided with Venturi pump, or in any case with pressure sensitive pump.[0013]
• The first kind of machines is used more often, but not exclusively, for the cataract surgery, while the second kind is mainly used for the vitreous surgery in the eye rear segment.[0014]
• More recently, some companies, among which Bausch & Lomb, have realised machines wherein, replacing the cassette containing disposable tubes, it is possible to operate with the peristaltic or Venturi system.[0015]
• Surgeon must decide, before the intervention, the kind of pump he wishes to use and choose the suitable infusion—suction cassette (I/S).[0016]
• This solution is a remarkable improvement with respect to the prior art.[0017]
• However, it is unsolved the problem of needing two different kind of disposable cassettes.[0018]
• Furthermore, by this solution, it is not possible, or in any case difficult, to change the kind of cassette and pump during the surgical intervention, for example in case the cataract to be removed is harder than expected before starting the intervention.[0019]
• In view of the above, it is well evident the advantage of having available a I/S cassette as suggested by the present invention, having the feature of providing at the same time both the suction system by the peristaltic pump and by the Venturi pump.[0020]
• By the solution according to the present invention, surgeon can switch from a suction system to another one, even more than once, also during the surgery intervention, by a simple manoeuvring and without replacing any part.[0021]
• Further object of the present invention is that of realising the I/S cassette in such a way that it does not involve further costs with respect to a standard I/S cassette, i.e. an only Venturi or peristaltic cassette.[0022]
• Still another object of the present invention is that of providing a disposable I/S cassette, system that is today often preferred due to the increase of the costs and of the complexity of the cleaning and re-sterilisation systems of the re-used materials due to the prevention of the diffusion through surgical way of new diseases such as AIDS and Creutzfeldt Jakob disease.[0023]
• Further object of the present invention is that of realising an I/S cassette simple to be assembled on the machine, and that does not require complex manoeuvring or in any case requiring a proper interpretation by the operator, in order to avoid possible errors.[0024]
• It is therefore specific object of the present invention an infusion—suction (I/a) cassette provided with suction system having both a peristaltic or volumetric pump and a pressure sensitive (or Venturi) pump, comprising a fluid suction line from the surgical handpiece, a vacuum sensor, a valve blocking the passive suction, a collection tank, a feeding line for a sterile irrigation solution, a first passage valve for the irrigation solution and a second valve for interruption of the passage of the irrigation solution, a handpiece irrigation line, a peristaltic or in any case volumetric line, about which the suction line passes, and a pressure sensitive pump, connected to the suction line by a vacuum sensor, activation of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump involving the closure of said passive suction blocking valve and the activation of said pressure sensitive pump, the activation of the pressure sensitive pump involving the deactivation of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump, with the interruption of the suction line about the same, and consequent deviation of the suction line through said passive suction blocking valve.[0025]
• Preferably, according to the invention, said pressure sensitive pump is a Venturi pump.[0026]
• Still according to the invention, said first and second valves along the irrigation line can be of the membrane kind.[0027]
• Furthermore, according to the invention, said valves can be pinch valves or of any other kind suitable to intercept the passage of sterile fluids.[0028]
• Always according to the invention, said cassette is preferably a disposable cassette.[0029]
• Furthermore, according to the invention, inner channels of the cassette are integrally moulded in the same cassette, or they are comprised of lengths of PVC or other material tube, suitably blocked in a proper position within the cassette.[0030]
• Further, according to the invention, it can be provided a membrane coupling between the suction line and the vacuum sensor.[0031]
• The present invention will be now described, for illustrative but not limitative purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, with particular reference to the figures of the enclosed drawings, wherein:[0032]
• FIG. 1 shows a peristaltic pump;[0033]
• FIG. 2 shows a suction system with Venturi pump;[0034]
• FIG. 3 schematically shows the combined system according to the invention;[0035]
• FIG. 4 shows a lateral view of a possible use of the cassette according to the invention; and[0036]
• FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the combined pump of FIG. 4.[0037]
• Observing first FIG. 1, it is shown a[0038]peristaltic pump1 that, rotating in a anti-clockwise direction, sucks from the line (tube)7 fluids coming from the surgical handpiece.
• [0039]Vacuum sensor2, provided in the control panel of the machine and coupled to the vacuum line of the I/S cassette, preferably in a sterile way, allows stopping thepump1 when it is reached the vacuum value set by the surgeon.
• Water sucked is disposed of in a[0040]collection tank5, at the outlet of the pump that can be, or not, of the rigid king (collection tank or bag).
• The sterile balanced salt solution coming from the[0041]line8 is directed to the surgical handpiece through theline6 to balance the sucked fluids. Valve alongline8 allows to the surgeon to suspend the irrigation flow when it is necessary.
• Valve[0042]3 allows to introduce the fresh salt solution within the suction line, in order to instantaneously balance the pressure (vacuum) within the aspiration line when the surgeon wishes interrupting the sucking action (venting), or to reverse the flow direction within theline7 in order to release erroneously sucked parts.
• All the parts indicated in FIG. 1, excluding the rotor of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump, of the active element of the vacuum sensor, and of the solenoids (motors) of the valves intercepting fluids, are part of the I/S cassette and can be disposable.[0043]
• Also the part in touch with fluids of the interception valves (pinch or membrane valves) usually is a part of the I/S cassette, that id disposed at the end of the intervention.[0044]
• Making reference to FIG. 2, it is shown a Venturi pump, generically indicated by[0045]reference number11, creating vacuum within the rigid tank connected to the line (tube)17 and removes fluids through the surgical handpiece.
• [0046]Vacuum sensor12, provided in the control panel of the machine reads the vacuum level within thecollection tank15. Said solution usually is preferred in the Venturi system, since it prevents the needing of a sterile coupling with theline17.
• Since Venturi[0047]pump11, when not activated, behaves as a atmosphere vent line, it is necessary to introduce thevalve19 in order to block the “passive” suction phenomenon: the sterile balanced salt solution, coming from theline18, is directed to the surgical handpiece through theline16 bringing the eye at a positive pressure, in case theline17 is let opened at the other end (Venturi), a continuous flow is generated from thesupply18 to thetank15.
• The object and the operation of the[0048]valves13 and14 is absolutely identical to that described for the peristaltic system, making reference to FIG. 1.
• As for the peristaltic cassette of FIG. 1, all the parts shown in FIG. 2, with the exception of the Venturi[0049]pump11, of thevacuum sensor12 and of thevalve13,14 solenoids intercepting the fluids, are part of the I/S cassette and can be disposable.
• Coming now to observe FIG. 3 of the enclosed drawings, it is shown an I/[0050]S cassette20 according to the invention, comprising both aperistaltic system21 and a Venturisystem30.
• If solution of FIG. 3 is compared with the solution of FIG. 1, it is noted that, in[0051]case valve29 remains closed and Venturipump30 is deactivated (we remember that it behaves as an open line), the two systems behaves in an absolutely identical way, i.e.cassette20 according to the invention works as a peristaltic pump. Each part has the same functions of the corresponding part of the other system.
• If the[0052]peristaltic pump21 is stopped, it keeps the tube squeezed (closed) about its impeller and the system is practically identical to what is described with reference to FIG. 2 (Venturi pump), with the sole difference (improvement) of carrying out the vacuum reading within thesuction line27 rather than within thecollection tank25.
• [0053]Cassette20 can thus operate either as a suction system by theperistaltic pump21 and as Venturisystem30, being it possible instantaneously switching from a mode to the other one by the operation of thepump21 and of thevalve22.
• Under the costs point of view,[0054]pumps21 and30 are placed in the control panel and the sole adding to the Venturi kind cassette of FIG. 2 to obtain the dual-mode cassette20 according to the invention, is thetube length31 that should be introduced about the rotor of theperistaltic pump21.
• The only variation with respect to the cassette of FIG. 1 is the presence of the[0055]valve29, that in any case is only partially realised (moulded) in the cassette (in fact, solenoid is a part of the control panel).
• Costs of[0056]cassette20 according to the invention are thus practically identical to the costs of an only peristaltic or Venturi cassette.
• In FIGS. 4 and 5, it is shown a possible realisation of the system providing the[0057]cassette20 according to the invention. Particularly, in FIG. 4 the collection tank has been removed to show the channels and the inside part.
• In the figure they are not shown the lines (PVC or other material tubes) connecting to the sterile balanced salt[0058]solution irrigation inlet28, theoutlet26 to the irrigation line of the handpiece and theentrance27 to the suction line of the same.
• In the embodiment proposed, channel inside the[0059]cassette20 is integrally moulded within the same. It would be possible to replace the channel realised by moulding with PVC or other material tube lengths, suitably blocked in a proper position within thecassette20.
• In the suggested solution,[0060]valves23,24 are of the membrane kind. It is in any case possible also to use pinch valves or any other kind suitable to intercept the passage of sterile fluids.
• By the[0061]numeral reference22 it is indicated a possible membrane coupling between thesuction line27 and thevacuum sensor23 in the control panel, to prevent the contact among sucked fluids and the same sensor23 (that is not sterile).
• To obtain the same result, it is possible to use bacterio-static filters or analogous systems.[0062]
• In FIG. 5 it is shown a possible realisation of the pump coupled to its support plate (on the control panel). It is possible to see actuation solenoids of the valves placed within the control panel. It is also shown the[0063]collection tank25.
• The present invention has been described for illustrative but not limitative purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, but it is to be understood that modifications and/or changes can be introduced by those skilled in the art without departing from the relevant scope as defined in the enclosed claims.[0064]

Claims (8)

1. infusion—suction (I/a) cassette provided with suction system having both a peristaltic or volumetric pump and a pressure sensitive (or Venturi) pump, characterised in that it comprises a fluid suction line from the surgical handpiece, a vacuum sensor, a valve blocking the passive suction, a collection tank, a feeding line for a sterile irrigation solution, a first passage valve for the irrigation solution and a second valve for interruption of the passage of the irrigation solution, a handpiece irrigation line, a peristaltic or in any case volumetric line, about which the suction line passes, and a pressure sensitive pump, connected to the suction line by a vacuum sensor, activation of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump involving the closure of said passive suction blocking valve and the activation of said pressure sensitive pump, the activation of the pressure sensitive pump involving the deactivation of the peristaltic or in any case volumetric pump, with the interruption of the suction line about the same, and consequent deviation of the suction line through said passive suction blocking valve.

2. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according toclaim 1, characterised in that said pressure sensitive pump is a venturi pump.

3. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according toclaim 1 or2, characterised in that said first and second valves along the irrigation line are of the membrane kind.

4. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according toclaim 1 or2, characterised in that said valves are pinch valves or of any other kind suitable to intercept the passage of sterile fluids.

5. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said cassette is a disposable. cassette.

6. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner channels of the cassette are integrally moulded in the same cassette, or they are comprised of lengths of PVC or other material tube, suitably blocked in a proper position within the cassette.

7. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is provided a membrane coupling between the suction line and the vacuum sensor.

8. Infusion—suction (I/S) cassette according to each one of the preceding claims, substantially as illustrated and described.

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