US2002127A - Manhole and cistern construction - Google Patents

Description

May 21, 1935. N. P. ONEAL MANHOLE AND CISTERN CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 13. 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet l Elnuznmr 21 .1. OJVeaZ May 21, 1935. N, ONEAL 2,002,127

MANHOLE AND CISTERN CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 13, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jl/TP. OQVezZ Zlnuamur Sltturncgs.

N. P. ONEAL May 21, 1935.

MANHOLE AND CISTERN CONSTRUCTION Patented May 21, 1935 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE MANHOLE AND CISTERN CONSTRUCTION Nathaniel Faul ONeal, Hope, Ark. Application August 13, 1934, Serial No. 739,701

3 Claims (c1. 72-! This invention relates tothe construction of manholes, cisterns or the like and aims to provide a novel form of brick to be used in the construction of manholes or cisterns, whereby each brick will act as a key, insuring strength and durability of structure.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a brick tapered towards one end thereof, providing a wide end portion and a narrow end portion to the end that when the brick is used'in the construction of a circular manhole with vertical walls, the adjacent faces of the bricks of each course, will be disposed in parallel relation with each other insuring a solid structure, and at the same time reducing the amount of mortar used in connecting the bricks,

to a minimum.

Still another object of the invention is to-provide a brick having certain of its opposite surfaces formed radially, with the result that when it is desired to reduce the diameter of thestrucwithout departing from the spirit of the invention.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a manhole built of bricks constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmental plan view of the manhole.

Figure 3 is a top plan View of one of the bricks.

Figure 4 is an elevational view of the reduced end of the brick.

Figure 5 is a side elevational view of the brick.

Figure 6 is a plan view of a modified form of brick.

Figure '7 is an elevational view of the enlarged end of the modified brick.

Figure 8 is a side elevational view of the modified brick structure.

through a manhole built with a brick of a further modified form.

Figure 11 is a'perspective view of a brick used in the construction of the manhole, shown by Figure 10.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the manhole or cistern made from bricks constructed in accordance with the invention, is indicated generally bythe reference character 5, and includes a plurality ofcourses 6 which are posi- 10 tioned so that the inclined surfaces of the side of one brick are disposed opposite tothe inclined sides of the adjacent'bricks but in spaced relation witheach other to receive mortar, indicated at I.

These bricks are usedin the construction of r the lower portion of the manhole, wherein the outer and inner walls of the manhole are substantially vertical. It will of course be understood that the number of courses of thesebricks 6 will be varied, according to the size of the manhole or cistern being built.

In the present showing I have illustrated a manhole including seven courses of the type of brick indicated at 6, theouter ends 8 of the bricks, being convex so that the outer surfaces of the finished manhole will be curved. The innerends of the bricks are slightly concave as at 9, so that the inner surfaces of the finished structure will be also curved. i

Certain of the side faces of the bricks are concaved as at In, providing sockets in which mortar will be held, securing the bricks together.

The opposite side faces of the bricks are formed with grooves defining recesses for the reception of mortar, to more securely lock the bricks together.

The form of brick as shown by Figures '6, 7 and 8 of the drawings, is substantially the same as that shown by Figures 3, 4 and 5, except thewide end 26 of the brick is concaved, while theinner end 21 thereof, is convexed. In this form of the invention the upper and lowersurfaces as well as the side surfaces of each block are inclined or converge towards one end of the block.

Directly above the courses constructed of thebricks 6 that have their radial faces disposed laterally, are bricks arranged in courses II, and resting on one of their radial faces, the wide ends of the bricks being disposed outwardly with the result that the diameter of the manhole is slightly reduced near the upper end thereof.

Courses of bricks indicated at [2, are now positioned on the uppermost course II, and are arranged so that they rest on one of their radial faces, the reduced or narrow ends of the bricks being disposed'outwardly to the end that a slight outward curve is given to the structure.

The bricks comprising the top course i3, are arranged so that their radial faces are disposed laterally but spaced from each other to receive mortar.

Positioned on the top course I3, is the usual cover supporting flange M, in which thecover 15 is positioned. In the form of the invention as shown bylfigures and 11, the brick is provided with radial faces it at opposite sides of the brick, with the result that one end of the brick is ap: preciably narrower than the opposite end thereof, so that in the construction of the manhole or cistern, the lower section of the manhole or cistern which is vertical, may be constructed'by arranging the bricks of the courses I 7,; with their radial faces disposed laterally, the adjacent radial faces of the bricks being spaced-apart to receive mortar.

In order that the necessary slope will be given to the structure, a course E8 of bricks is laid in such a way that the bricks will rest on one of their respective radial faces.

The adjacent upper courses, indicated at 59, may now be laid by reducing the number of bricks ineach succeeding upper course, and laying these bricks with theirj radial faces disposed laterally.

The top course, which is indicated by the reference character 25], is laid by disposing the sub: stantiallynarrow ends of the bricks outwardly.

The cover supporting flange 2! is now positioned on the uppermost course, and accommo- V dates the cover 22.

In order that the bricks will be securely locked in certain of the faces of the bricks, which grooves provide sockets for the mortar.

As shown by Figure of the drawings, in building a manhole-or cistern with the usual well known type of brick, the 'outer ends of the bricks must be spaced appreciable distances apartwhile the inner ends of the bricks meet inorder that the .circular or curved lines of the manhole or cistern may be carried out. It will be seen that in .a construction of this character greater quantities of mortar are required to fill the space indicated at 2:3, and in constructing a manhole or cistern in this way, it is necessary to employ the services of a skilled brick layer; while in the construction of a manhole or cistern wherein bricks constructed in accordance with the present invention are used, the bricks may be laid by unskilled work- ,men, since the outline of the manhole or cistern may be carried out without the necessity of spacing the outer ends of the bricks accurately to form the. curvature.

The usual ladder,"indicatedby thereference character 25, may be secured within the manhole, during the construction of the manhole.

From the foregoing it will be seen that due to the construction shown and described, a circular manhole or cistern may be constructed, and the outline of the manhole or cistern, which includes an upper reduced portion, and a still further upper straight portion, may be carried out by merely inverting and reversing the bricks, when the several courses are being laid, making it unnecessary to provide special types of bricks for carrying out the particular outline of the structure.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a manhole construction, a plurality of bricks arranged in courses, said bricks having parallel upper and lower surfaces and inclined side surfaces, the side surfaces of the bricks of the several'courses being arranged adjacent to each other forming a circular lower portion, upper courses of bricks, the bricks of the last mentioned courses having their upper and lower surfaces and side surfaces converging towards one end thereof providing bricks having wide ends and narrow ends, certain of the courses of bricks being arranged whereby the narrow ends are disposed inwardly, and certain other courses being arranged with the wide ends of the bricks disposed inwardly, shaping the manhole.

2. In a manhole construction, a plurality of bricks arranged in courses, said bricks having parallel upper and lower surfaces and having side faces inclined towards the inner ends of the bricks, the side faces of the bricks of the several courses, being arranged adjacent to each other, forming a circular lower portion, upper courses of the bricks embodying bricks having wide ends and narrow ends, the bricks of certain of the courses having their wide ends disposed outwardly and the bricks of certain of the courses having their wide ends disposed inwardly shaping the manhole, and said bricks having convexed surfaces providing pockets between adjacent bricks for the reception of mortar;

3. In a manhole construction, a plurality of bricks arranged in courses, certain of the courses being constructed of bricks having parallel upper and lower surfaces and having side faces tapered towards one end of the bricks, certain courses being constructed of bricks having the upper and lower surfaces and side faces tapered towards one end of the brick providing bricks having wide ends and narrow ends, the bricks of certain of the courses being arranged with their wide ends disposed outwardly, and the bricks of certain of the courses being arranged with their narrow ends disposed outwardly shaping the manhole.

NATHANIEL PAUL ON EAL.

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