US20020013551A1 - Medical pump monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

A medical pump monitor system in which an infusion circuitry creation unit setting/changing the connection conditions of infusion lines from a plurality of medical pumps, and administration passes and/or administration positions for a patient is provided, and it is made possible to display infusion circuitry data created in the infusion circuitry creation unit on a monitor screen by operations by an operator of the medical pump monitor system. And, a real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, including a communication unit communicating with external apparatuses, a display unit displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, storing unit storing one or more past communication data obtained by the communication unit, a comparison unit comparing currently communicated data with past data, and a control unit controlling contents to be displayed on the display unit based on signals from the comparison unit, in which the comparison unit reduces the amount of the data for the amount of signals to be sent to the control unit, in the case where the past data and the current data are identical to each other in comparison with the case where the past data and the current data are different from each other.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention relates to a medical pump monitor system administering medical fluids using a plurality of medical pumps for one patient, and managing information of these medical pumps collectively, a controlling method therefore, and a computer-readable memory associated with control thereof. The present invention also relates to a real-time monitoring system performing real-time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses to control such external apparatuses and/or display the conditions thereof, a controlling method therefore, and a computer-readable memory (storage medium) storing therein a control program thereof.[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• Varieties of therapies and drugs for use in those therapies have emerged and administration methods have become complicated due to recent advancement of medical treatments. Accordingly, therapies in which a plurality of medical pumps (syringe pump and infusion pump) is used at a time for one patient are on the increase. Also, systems managing the flows of administered medical fluids from plurality of such medical pumps and alarm information such as a drop in residual low battery/occlusion of an infusion line have been proposed.[0002]
• A system in which visual contact is made with the displayed states of alarms in such a medical pump system is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 5-7623 specification.[0003]
• A schematic diagram of a system in which medical pumps independent of one another are connected to a personal computer via communication cables, and flow volumes and alarm information of the medical pumps are collected and displayed as application software of the personal computer is shown in FIG. 2.[0004]
• Also, a schematic diagram of a type of a pump monitor system in which pumps share a power supply line and a data communication line with one another through a[0005]power connector53 and acommunication connector54, andmedical pumps51 and52 are connected in such a manner that they are stacked one after another on abase unit55 comprising adisplay unit101 on which the flow and alarm information for each pump is shown in FIG. 3.
• Furthermore, in the case of such a system, in addition to collection of pump information, control such as stop/start of infusion by pumps and change of flows can also be performed from the personal computer and the base unit.[0006]
• FIG. 2 shows a conventional medical pump system, wherein[0007]reference numeral20 denotes a personal computer with system application software installed therein,reference numeral21 denotes a display device (display unit) such as a CRT and a liquid crystal monitor connected to the personal computer,reference numeral22 denotes communication port expanding means such as a multiplexer for expanding communication ports of RS 232C that are typically provided with only one or two channels to 4 channels, 8 channels or the like, andreference numerals23,24,25 and26 denote medical pumps. Also,reference numeral27 denotes a patient, and medical pumps of23 to26 deliver individual set liquid medicines into the patient.
• FIGS. 4A to[0008]4C show cases where the same number of medical pumps as in FIG. 2 are used to perform administration for one patient, wherein their administration passes are different from one another due to the condition of the patient, administrated drugs and the like. For example, FIG. 4A shows a case where four pumps each have individual infusion lines and drugs are injected into different points of the patient, and FIG. 4B shows a case where two infusion lines of four medical pumps are connected with each other and the other two infusion lines are also connected with each other. Also, FIG. 4C shows a case where four medical pumps are all integrated into one line to carry out administration for the patient.
• It is important in safe administration that the state of the infusion line is ascertained correctly, and there are various patterns as to states of infusion lines as administration passes to the patient in this way, but in fact, it becomes very difficult to identify the points of the patient into which the medical fluid is injected if infusion lines running from a plurality of pumps are connected with one another and cross one another.[0009]
• However, conventional pump monitor systems have no functions to display infusion lines on the system, thus making it difficult to ascertain the state of infusion lines correctly.[0010]
• Also, on the other hand, when a system in which one or more external apparatuses (hereinafter also referred to as “slaves”) such as infusion pumps, syringe pumps, blood-pressure monitors and urinary volume monitors are connected to a host machine to manage and display the operation conditions of the apparatuses is built, works of:[0011]
• (1) setting a communication protocol of nodes[0012]
• (2) sending a request command[0013]
• (3) receiving data and confirming the reception[0014]
• (4) carrying out control in accordance with data are performed at the host machine side.[0015]
• As a matter of course, the loads on the CPU of the host machine are increased if these processing are performed at high speed, and real time quality is compromised if a large number slaves are connected. Also, even if a system is made such that processing is distributed over a plurality of CPUs like a CPU (main CPU) engaged in processing of controlling and displaying slave conditions in the host machine and CPUs (sub CPUs) engaged in communication with each slave, enormous development costs are required for both main and sub CPUs due to addition of slaves and change of specifications, although processing at the main CPU is slightly curtailed.[0016]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
• The present invention has been made in the light of problems as described above, and its object is to provide a system in which the operation conditions of a plurality of medical pumps are monitored for one patient with a function of creating and editing an infusion line from the pump to the patient on each-by-each basis, and display information created and edited by means of this function on the system, thereby making it more easy to confirm the current states of infusion lines.[0017]
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a function of capturing hand written diagrams and so on together with the function of creating and editing the infusion line, and an operator is allowed to make a choice on whether the function of creating and editing the infusion line is used to create the infusion line, or handwritten diagrams and so on are captured in the system to display the same, thus making it possible display various cases of the infusion line on the medical pump monitor system.[0018]
• Still another object of the present invention is to provide a real-time monitoring system, a controlling method therefore and a program storage medium, which enable real-time monitoring of the operation states, arrangement/connection states, alarm information of a plurality of medical apparatuses such as infusion pumps, syringe pumps, blood monitors, urinary volume monitors, water contents of medical fluids, states of intake and output of electrolytes and so on.[0019]
• Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the figures thereof.[0020]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
• The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the descriptions, serve to explain the principle of the invention.[0021]
• FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a medical pump system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0022]
• FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the medical pump system in prior arts;[0023]
• FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a medical pump system of another embodiment in prior arts;[0024]
• FIG. 4A shows one of block diagrams of infusion circuitry patterns in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0025]
• FIG. 4B shows one of block diagrams of infusion circuitry patterns in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0026]
• FIG. 4C shows one of block diagrams of infusion circuitry patterns in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0027]
• FIG. 5 shows a medical pump monitor screen in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0028]
• FIG. 6 shows a screen for creating infusion circuitry in a medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0029]
• FIG. 7A shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0030]
• FIG. 7B shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0031]
• FIG. 7C shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0032]
• FIG. 7D shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0033]
• FIG. 7E shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0034]
• FIG. 7F shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0035]
• FIG. 7G shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0036]
• FIG. 8 shows the screen for creating infusion circuitry according to another embodiment in the medical pump monitor system in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0037]
• FIG. 9 shows an example of a configuration of a[0038]control unit100 in FIG. 1;
• FIG. 10A is a flowchart showing a flow of infusion circuitry creation processing in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0039]
• FIG. 10B is a flowchart showing the flow of infusion circuitry creation processing in the first embodiment of the present invention;[0040]
• FIG. 11 is a block diagram in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0041]
• FIG. 12 shows a display screen in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0042]
• FIG. 13 shows a structure of stored data in a storing unit in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0043]
• FIG. 14 shows a display screen of real time monitoring in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0044]
• FIG. 15 shows an inverse data check system in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0045]
• FIG. 16 shows an inverse data check system in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0046]
• FIG. 17 shows an inverse data check system in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0047]
• FIG. 18 shows a method of detecting a position in which data is changed in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0048]
• FIG. 19 shows a method of detecting a position in which data is changed in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0049]
• FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing a flow of monitoring processing in the second embodiment of the present invention;[0050]
• FIGS. 21A to[0051]21C show an example of a monitor screen in the first embodiment of the present invention; and
• FIGS. 22A to[0052]22C show an example of a monitor screen in the first embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
• [First Embodiment][0053]
• Examples of specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. A block diagram of a medical pump system of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, an example of collecting and managing information of four medical pumps is described.[0054]
• [0055]Reference numeral100 denotes a controller (control unit), which makes up a central portion of this medical pump monitor system, and for the controller, a personal computer having an inputting device such as a keyboard and a pointing device such as a mouse is usually used.Reference numeral101 denotes a display (display unit), which displays flow values and alarm information for a plurality of medical pumps of103,104,105 and106, collected by thecontroller100, and the urinary volume fromurinary volume meters111 and the amount of electrolytes (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻) fromcatheter type censor112, and displays infusion lines.
• In the case where the personal computer is used as the[0056]controller100, a CRT or a liquid crystal monitor is used for the display (display unit)101.Reference numeral102 denotes a scanner (reading means) for capturing handwritten information of infusion lines, and reference numeral102adenotes a scanner for reading product identification information (such as bar codes), and they are connected to thecontroller100.Reference numeral107 denotes communication port expansion device (communication port expanding means) such as a multiplexer formultiplying communication ports when thecontroller100 is poorly equipped with ports for communicating with pumps that collect data. Thecontroller100 is connected tomedical pumps103,104,105 and106 via this communicationport expansion device107 using a communication cable (wired)109 or is connected therewith wirelessly. The configuration of thecontroller100 is, for example a configuration as shown in FIG. 9, which comprises aCPU901, aRAM902, aROM906, aHDD909, a floppy disk (FD)906a, akeyboard904 andamouse905, and is connected to adisplay101 and is connected via an I/F903 to thescanner102. It is further connected via an I/F907 to the communicationport expansion device107. Also, it is connected to the host computer of a nurse station or the like through anexternal communication port107a.
• When the medical pump monitor system is started normally, the[0057]controller100 urges an operator to select information of drugs to be administered by respective pumps from a drug database (drug library) file stored in the memory means in thecontroller100. The operator (medical staff such as a doctor and nurse) selects drugs to be administered such as a vitamin solution for thepump103, a physiological salt solution for thepump104 and high calorie medical fluids containing electrolytes such as Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻ for thepump105. Alternatively, the operator inputs product identification information to the system as medical apparatus identification information (such as bar codes) stuck on respective medical pumps using thescanner102afor respectivemedical pumps103 to106, and reads product identification information to the system as drug identification information (such as bar codes)103b,104b,105band106bsyringes103aand103bin which drugs are taken in predetermined minutes and which are connected to the pumps orfluid containers105aand106aconnected to the pumps to make a check on whether or not the drug is one included in the drug database file of thecontroller100. When the medical pump is not connected, voice information is given by voice informing means908 for calling attention if it is a drug not included in the database file. The identification information of this pump and the drug identification information are stored in theRAM902 as a pair, and are displayed together on thedisplay unit101 as shown in FIG. 5. When selection of drugs is completed, thecontroller100 communicates with four pumps connected asmedical pumps103,104,105 and106 in succession at a fixed time interval (for example one minute interval), wirelessly and/or with cables.
• The communication is data for requesting information of current flows of administered fluids from respective[0058]medical pumps103,104,105 and106, and when the request data are received by the pumps, the pumps send back the flow information to thecontroller100 in predetermined format. Thecontroller100 subsequently sends signals requesting alarm information to the connectedmedical pumps103,104,105 and106, and when they are received by the pumps, the pumps also send back the alarm information to thecontroller100 based on a predetermined format. Furthermore, if there exists no alarm information, then a signal indicating no alarm information is sent back to thecontroller100.
• The[0059]controller100 displays information from connectedmedical pumps103 to106 on the display (display unit) in such a manner that it is displayed along a pump information display area shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, a region denoted byreference numeral501 is a region in which operation states ofmedical pumps103 to106 are indicated by color, for example by green during normal operations (described with blank in this figure), by red when an alarm is given (described with vertical lines in this figure), by yellow in the case when administration operations are interrupted (described with slashes in this figure) and by gray when the pump itself is not connected. Also, its contents (occlusion, abnormal flows, etc.) are displayed at the same time. A region denoted byreference numeral502 is a region in which the flow value of thepump103 is indicated.Reference numeral503 denotes a region in which alarm information currently occurring in themedical pump103 is indicated, and the region is blanked when no alarm is given.Reference numeral504 denotes a region in which drugs that are administered are displayed. The system can be operated even if drugs to be administered are not defined, but in this case, the region is blanked.
• In a similar way,[0060]reference numerals511 to514 denote regions in which information about themedical pump104 is displayed,reference numerals521 to524 denote regions in which information about themedical pump105 is displayed, andreference numerals531 to534 denote regions in which information about themedical pump106 is displayed.
• [0061]Reference numeral540 denotes an infusion circuitry display region (infusion circuitry display unit), a region in which a graphic file stored in thecontroller100 in predetermined format and file name is displayed. The graphic file may be a general graphic file such as a bit map file and a JPG file in the case where thecontroller100 is a personal computer or the like. In this embodiment, a bit map file of 24 bits color with 640 dots (lateral direction)×480 dots (vertical direction) is stored in file name of “C:¥Yuekic.bmp”.
• In the case where any file to be displayed in the infusion[0062]circuitry display region540 does not exist in thecontroller100, nothing is displayed, or “No infusion circuitry file” is displayed at the center of the region.
• [0063]Reference numeral541 denotes a circuitry creation function calling button (circuitry creation function calling means), and by clicking (pressing) the button, an application for creating and modifying infusion circuitry and storing the same as graphic file data, as described later, is started.Reference numeral542 denotes a circuitry read function calling button (circuitry read function means), and by clicking (pressing) the button, an application for reading a diagram of infusion circuitry and storing the same as graphic file data, as described later, is started. Furthermore, since bothbuttons541 and542 are expedient buttons displayed on the screen, the click (press) operations are operations of moving a pointer of a pointing device such as a mouse onto the button displayed on the screen and clicking the same.
• A condition displayed in FIG. 5 is based on the assumption that a bit map file for displaying infusion circuitry is stored in advance, and information of the[0064]medical pump103 is displayed in theregions501 to504. In a similar way, a square denoted bynumeral104 corresponds to themedical pump104 of which information is displayed in theregions511 to514, a square denoted bynumeral105 corresponds to themedical pump105 of which information is displayed in theregions521 to524, and a square denoted bynumeral106 corresponds to themedical pump106 of which information is displayed in theregions531 to534.
• By watching the diagram of infusion circuitry in the infusion[0065]circuitry display region540, it can be understood thatinfusion lines110 running from themedical pump103 and themedical pump104 are integrated into one line to form a first infusion line L1 to be fixed in administration position near the right brachium part of thepatient27, andinfusion lines110 running from themedical pump105 and themedical pump106 are integrated into one line to form a second infusion line L2 to be fixed in administration position near the left thigh part of thepatient27.
• A diagram of infusion circuitry should be reregistered not only in cases where administration is started for a new patient, but also in cases where administration passes are changed due to change of drugs to be administered for long-term administration.[0066]
• For registration of the diagram of infusion circuitry, a “C:¥Yuekic.bmp” file may be created anew. In this embodiment, the “C:¥Yuekic.bmp” file can be created either by clicking the circuitry creation[0067]function calling button541 or by clicking the circuitry readfunction calling button542.
• When the circuitry creation[0068]function calling button541 is clicked, a window is displayed on the display unit as shown in FIG. 6. The arrangement of thepumps103 to106 is displayed by selecting from a plurality of arrangement patterns stored in memory means that is the most suitable for the therapy for the patient. In FIG. 6,reference numerals601 to604 denote medical pumps as shown in theregion540 in FIG. 5.Reference numeral27 denotes a model showing the body of the patient,reference numerals606 to613 around thepatient27 denote buttons (selecting means) for selecting the portion of the patient27 into which injection is made by the infusion line, andreference numerals606,607,608,609,610,611,612 and613 correspond to a right clavicle, left clavicle, right brachium part, left brachium part, right forearm part, left forearm part, right thigh part and left thigh part, respectively.
• [0069]Reference numeral614 denotes a junction production button (junction producing means),reference numeral615 denotes a button for making a return by one action in case of erroneous operations, andreference numeral616 denotes an end button (end inputting means) for overwriting the infusion circuitry diagram graphic file “C:¥Yuekic.bmp”.
• From this screen, a procedure of creating an infusion circuitry diagram as shown in the[0070]region540 in FIG. 5 will be described based on FIG. 6 and FIGS. 7A to7G, in correspondence with a flow of processing shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. For creating the infusion line, the start and end points of the line may be defined one after another. Furthermore, flowcharts shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B may be stored in aROM906 or aHDD909 as a program, or may be stored in a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a floppy disk or the like.
• First, the[0071]medical pump601 is clicked. When it is clicked, the medical pump goes into a selection state in which its displayed color is changed or it blinks (FIG. 6, S1003). Since themedical pump601 is connected to themedical pump602, the infusion line is created up to thejunction1 with themedical pump602. For this purpose, the operator subsequently clicks the junction production button (junction producing means)614 (S1003). Then, the junction is displayed just below themedical pump601 with the junction being surrounded by a circle, and aninfusion line110 a is formed in the middle between themedical pump601 and the junction1 (FIG. 7A, S1004).
• Since the[0072]medical pump602 and the right brachium part of the patient27 are connected to the junction produced at this time, then two lines may be drawn from thisjunction1. For this purpose, thejunction1 surrounded by the circle is first clicked. In this condition, thejunction1 goes into the selection state (the color inside the circle highlighted, and so on), and subsequently a right brachiumpart selection button608 is clicked (S1018). Furthermore, the order of clicking the junction and the right brachium part selection button in this case may be reversed. In this way, the first infusion line L1 is formed from thejunction1 to the right brachium part of the patient (state shown in FIG. 7B, S1019). Subsequently, thejunction1 and themedical pump602 are clicked one after another, whereby aninfusion line110bis formed from thejunction1 to the medical pump602 (FIG. 7C, S1018, S1019). In this case, the order of clicking may be reversed as well.
• Subsequently, a line in which the[0073]medical pumps603 and604 are jointed at some midpoint and a medical fluid is injected into the patient at the left thigh part. Themedical pump603 and thejunction production button614 are clicked one after another, whereby anew junction2 is displayed below themedical pump603 with thejunction2 being surrounded by a circle (S1003), and aninfusion line110cis formed in the middle between themedical pump603 and the junction2 (FIG. 7D, S1004). Subsequently, thisjunction2 and the left thighpart selection button613 are clicked to form the second infusion line L2 from thejunction2 to the left thigh part of the patient (FIG. 7E, S1018, S1019).
• Finally, the[0074]medical pump604 and thenew junction2 are clicked one after another, thereby completing theinfusion line110c(FIG. 7F, S1018, S1019). At this time, if the operator mistakenly clicks the left thighpart selection button607 after clicking themedical pump604, the infusion line L2 from themedical pump604 will directly run into the left thigh part of the patient without passing through thejunction2. If the operator notices the operational error at this time, he or she may click thereturn button615.
• The return button is clicked once, whereby finally conducted action (clicking of the left thigh part selection button in this case) is determined as being invalid, and the state in which the[0075]medical pump604 is selected is provided. The operator clicks the right junction at this time, thereby enabling an accurate infusion line to be created. It is also made possible to confirm at a glance the respectivemedical pumps601 to604 and intravenous injection points606 to613 of the patient. The operator clicks theend button616 after confirmation. Through this operation, the created diagram of infusion circuitry is created as a bmp file format, and is stored in the name of “C:¥Yuekic.bmp”.
• Furthermore, although not described in this embodiment, an interruption button for interrupting processing to end the infusion circuitry creation function may be provided. In this embodiment, the junction is considered as a point, but in the case where transfusion using three-way stop cocks, Yshaped-tubes, Tshaped-tubes and the like is conducted, a three-way stop cock button and a Yshaped-tube button are provided in place of the junction production button, thereby making it possible accommodate the situation.[0076]
• Also, although only the bit map file is created in this embodiment, the history of operational actions is recorded in other format separately, thereby making it possible to cope flexibly with the situation in which infusion circuitry is slightly changed.[0077]
• In the aforesaid example, six infusion lines are displayed in FIG. 6. Assuming that display of one infusion line represents one action, six actions of:[0078]
• (1) drawing a line between the[0079]pump601 and thenew junction1, (2) drawing a line between thejunction1 and the right brachium part of the patient, (3) drawing a line between thejunction1 and thepump602, (4) drawing a line between thepump603 and thenew junction2, (5) drawing a line between thejunction2 and the left thigh part of the patient, and (6) drawing a line between thejunction2 and thepump604 are recorded.
• The file in which the previous operational action is recorded is read at the time when an infusion circuitry creation window is displayed, the line is drawn in accordance therewith, and selection of each drawing action is enabled, thereby making it possible to cope quickly with the slight modification from the previously created circuitry. Buttons and the like in the window in that case are placed as shown in FIG. 8. In comparison with FIG. 6, the return button is absent, and a history back[0080]button801, ahistory proceeding button802 and aline deletion button803 are newly created.
• Each time the history back button is once pushed, the drawn line is selected in reverse chronological order (S[0081]1005, S1006). In the case of this embodiment, six lines are displayed at the time when the window appears, and when the history back button is once clicked, the infusion line between the right-hand junction and thepump604 is selected. When the history back button is selected once again, the state in which the infusion line between the right-hand junction and thepump604 is selected is released, and the infusion line between the right-hand junction and the left thigh part is selected. At this time, when thehistory proceeding button802 is clicked, the state in which the infusion line between the right-hand junction and left thigh part is selected is released, and the infusion line between the right-hand junction and thepump604 is selected (S1009, S1010). When theline deletion button803 is clicked with the infusion line selected, the selected infusion line is erased (S1011, S1012).
• When a change is to be made from the flood circuitry shown in FIG. 7 so that administration is given by the[0082]medical pump603 to the left-hand junction rather than to the right-hand junction, the history back button is clicked three times after the time when the window appears. Thereby, the line drawn between themedical pump603 and the right-hand junction is selected. The line deletion button is clicked in this condition, followed by clicking themedical pump603 and the right-hand junction one after another, whereby the infusion line is drawn between themedical pump603 and the right-hand junction (FIG. 7G). (In this case, strictly speaking, since the existence of junction between themedical pump604 and the left thigh part is meaningless, the infusion line between themedical pump604 and the left-hand junction and the infusion line between the left-hand junction and the left thigh part should be deleted, and then a line between themedical pump604 and the left thigh part should be drawn as one infusion line, but the junction causes no problems in terms of display.)
• At this time, the end button is clicked, whereby a newly modified diagram of infusion circuitry is stored as a bit map file (S[0083]1013, S1017). The circle surrounding the junction is displayed in order to allow the operator to select the junction easily, and therefore information of this circle does not need to be stored at the time of storing the diagram as a bit map file.
• When the end button pressed, (1) at least two lines should be connected to the junction. (2) The line should not be formed in loop-like shape. (3) Each pump should be necessarily connected to one part of the patient. (4) The number of lines running directly from the pump should be less than two. Determination on these conditions is performed by determining means in the controller (S[0084]1014), and processing of displaying an error massage if the condition is satisfied is added (S1015, S1016), thereby making it possible to eliminate operating errors at the time of creating the infusion circuitry diagram and operators' mistakes.
• The infusion circuitry creation function is ended after the bit map file is stored (S[0085]1017) and normal pump monitor processing is carried out, but at this time, processing of updating the infusion circuitrydiagram display region540 to the new bit map file is carried out.
• The administration pass to the patient is selected from a plurality of buttons in this embodiment, but this is for the purpose of easy determination of the position of the line, and if it is desired that more detailed positions are identified, methods in which the number of buttons is further increased, click is made directly on the model picture of the patient, and so on can also be adopted.[0086]
• In this way, a relatively simple infusion circuitry diagram can be created, but in the case where blood filters and the like are connected in the infusion circuitry, the fluid is passed through an apparatus that is not monitored by the medical pump monitor before being injected, and so on, creation of infusion circuitry diagram by the aforesaid procedure may be complicated. In this case, it can be considered that a handwritten diagram of infusion circuitry is placed near the medical pump to make a check, but there is also a possibility of loss and so on. In this case, it is also possible to read the handwritten diagram of infusion circuitry and display the diagram. The infusion circuitry diagram read[0087]function start button542 is clicked, whereby thescanner102 is controlled from thecontroller100, and the circuitry diagram set in thescanner102 is read in the system, and is stored in a format as in the case of the creation of infusion circuitry described previously and in the same name of “C:¥Yuekic.bmp”. Thereby, the system can create the infusion circuitry diagram using the creation function, and display/manage the diagram without classifying cases either when a registration is made or when thescanner102 is used to read the diagram for making a registration.
• Also, the[0088]scanner102 is used as means for capturing an infusion circuitry diagram such as a handwritten diagram in this embodiment, but it is apparent that similar effects can be obtained by photographing the handwritten infusion circuitry diagram by a digital camera and having the memory medium of the digital camera read by the controller.
• It is also possible to use a general graphic drawing application to create an infusion circuitry diagram and store the same as a bit map file, thereby displaying the infusion circuitry created by the graphic drawing application in this system.[0089]
• According to the medical pump system of the present invention, it is possible to provide a system in which the operation conditions of a plurality of medical pumps are monitored for one patient with a function of creating and editing an infusion line from the pump to the patient on each-by-each basis, and display information created and edited by means of this function displayed on the system, thus making it much easier to confirm (monitor) the current states of infusion lines.[0090]
• Other functions of the medical pump system of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 21A to[0091]21C show a trend graph of the amount of water displayed after computing the total of the amount of water introduced by all the medical pumps that are used (Intake) and the amount of water discharged as urine (Output) is shown. The range of ml/h can be changed by pressing (clicking) a “+” or “−” key. Also, the amount of water in any time range can be displayed by using “←” or “→”. FIG. 21A shows a trend graph of the balance of water (Intake and Output) at the current time. Since it is difficult to understand at a glance the totalized water balance between two arbitrary points (for example, between 11:30 and 13:00) in the graph, two arbitrary points (11:30 and 13:00) are clicked, whereby the balance of the arbitrarily designated segment (between 11:30 and 13:00) can be computed and displayed. The operator first clicks a start point of totalizing computation (11:00 in this case) on the graph. In this figure, when a point near the :11:00 is clicked, a vertical line is displayed in the position of 11:00 (FIG. 21B). Then, when the operator clicks an end point of totalizing computation (13:00 in this case) on the graph (FIG. 21B), a sub-window appears on the graph, and time of totalizing computation and Intake and Output for the arbitrary segment are displayed therein (FIG. 21C). When a “close” button in the sub-window is clicked, the sub-window disappears and the normal state in which the graph is displayed (FIG. 21A) is restored. Also, these totals and trend graphs can be used as diagnostic/therapeutic data at different location by downloading them to theFD906aor sending them to the host computer or the like through theexternal port107a.
• FIG. 22A to[0092]22C show a trend graph of the amount of Na⁺ as one example of electrolytes displayed after computing the total of the electrolytes (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, etc.) introduced by all the medical pumps that are used or computing the data from thesensor112. The range of mEg can be changed by pressing a “+” or “−” key. Also, the amount of electrolytes in an arbitrary time range can be displayed by performing operations similar to those in FIGS. 21A to21C and using “←” and “→”. Also, these totals and trend graphs can be used as diagnostic/therapeutic data at different location by downloading them to theFD906aor sending them to the host computer or the like through theexternal port107a. An alarm is given when the amount of the electrolyte exceeds a preset input value (threshold) The screen may be reduced into quarters to display the amounts of four electrolytes of Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻.
• [Second Embodiment][0093]
• The real-time monitoring system of the present invention will be described in detail below, using the drawings. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the present invention. In FIG. 11, an example of connection of three external apparatuses including medical devises and the like such as infusion pumps, syringe pumps, body pressure monitors, body temperature monitors, urinary volume monitors and electrocardiographs is shown, but this number of apparatuses can be arbitrarily increased or decreased. An external apparatus[0094]1 (1121) is connected through a communication cable to a communication port (external communication unit)1 (1111) of this system (1105). In a similar way, an external apparatus2 (1122) and an external apparatus3 (1123) are connected to a communication port (external communication unit)2 (1112) and a communication port (external communication unit)3 (1113), respectively, in a one-to-one correspondence.
• Communication ports[0095]1(1111),2(1112) and3(1113) are brought together in a communication unit (1104). For the communication unit (1104), a variety of configurations are possible such as a microcomputer control communication board to make connection to a plurality of communication ports and a multiplexer type to switch ports for communication when they are used. Signals obtained from the communication unit (1104) are stored in storing means (1103), and are sent to a comparison unit (1102) simultaneously. The comparison unit compares operation (operating) information of the connected external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) sent from the communication unit (1104) with operation (operating) information of the previous external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) stored in the storing unit (1103), and sends a non-change signal to a control unit (1101) if there is no difference, and sends a differential signal to the control unit (1101) if there is a difference. The control unit (1101) changes the contents of the display unit based on the signal from the above described comparison unit. Furthermore, the communication unit (1104) and the communication ports (1111 to1113) in FIG. 11 correspond to thecontroller100 in FIG. 1.
• The flow of the present invention will be described further in detail. Presenting as one example a case where three of flow meters for measuring flows of fluids, which represent one type of medical apparatuses, are used as external apparatuses, a system displaying each of the flows and the total flow on the display unit by real time monitoring and a controlling method therefore will be described along with a flowchart shown in FIG. 20. A program corresponding to the flowchart shown in FIG. 20 may be stored in the storing unit ([0096]1103) in FIG. 11, or may be provided by a CD-ROM and the like. A screen configuration on thedisplay unit1100 of the system of the present invention is shown in FIG. 12. The flow values of theflow meter1, of theflow meter2 and of theflow meter3 are displayed in textbox objects1(1201),2(1202) and3(1203), respectively in such a manner that their actual placement can be visually confirmed. Also, the total flow value obtained by adding up the values of theflow meters1,2 and3 is displayed in a textbox object4 (1204).
• Communication between the system ([0097]1105) and theflow meters1,2 and3 will be described as a command respond mode in which the current flow values of theflow meters1,2 and3 are sent back when request signals from the communication unit (1104) are received, but it can also be configured with a mode in which signals from theflow meters1,2 and3 are unilaterally sent to the host system at a fixed time interval in an asynchronous manner, and so on. Furthermore, in actual systems, signals showing the start and end of the signal such as STX and ETX and checksum signals are often added, but these signals are omitted in this embodiment. In this embodiment, flow value signals from theflow meters1,2 and3 show 2-byte numbers of four figures in BCD code with the unit of 0.1 ml/h. For example, the flow value signal shows a flow value of 190.0 ml/h when a 2-byte code of 1900 in hexadecimal digit data is sent.
• The storing unit ([0098]1103) needs an area of six bites in total for storing two bytes of information from threeflow meters1,2 and3, respectively. For example, if the flow values of theflow meters1,2 and3 are 100.0 ml/h, 200.0 ml/h and 300.0 ml/h, respectively, information as shown in FIG. 13 is stores in the 6-byte area of the storing unit (1103).
• The communication unit ([0099]1104) sends request signals to theflow meters1,2 and3 (S2001), performs processing of receiving flow values from theflow meters1,2 and3 for the threeflowmeters1,2 and3 one after another (S2002), and sends the data to the comparison unit (1102) at the time of obtaining the flow values from the threeflow meters1,2 and3 (S2003).
• The comparison unit ([0100]1102) compares the signal sent from the communication unit (1104) with the data stored in the storing unit (1103) (S2004), and sends a non-change signal (for example, a hexadecimal digit 1-byte signal of AA in hexadecimal digits) to the control unit (1101) if the data equal each other (S2006). If information of the binary of theflow meters1,2 and3 stored in the storing unit (1103) is of 1000 in hexadecimal digits, the signal sent from the communication unit (1104) is of 1200 in hexadecimal digits, a 3 byte-signal of 021200 in hexadecimal digits is sent to the control unit (1101). The “02” equivalent to the first byte number in this case is a number corresponding to theconnected flow meters1,2 and3, and if the flow meter of which flow value is changed is the flow meter denoted by 3, this value will be “03”. As described above, the differential signal is represented by “external apparatus number” + “flow value” in the embodiment.
• The control unit ([0101]1101) does not perform change/control of the display unit (1100) if the signal from the comparison unit (1103) is a non-change signal, and if a signal with the flow changed is sent, the control unit (1101) sends to the display unit (1100) processing instructions to change the displayed contents of the display unit (1100) based on the signal with the flow changed. If a signal of 021400 in hexadecimal digits is sent from the comparison unit (1102) when the contents shown in FIG. 12 are displayed on the display unit (1100), the contents of the display unit (1100) are rewritten to those as shown in FIG. 14. Specifically, the contents of the textbox2 (1402) are rewritten from 120.0 ml/h to 140.0 ml/h, and following this change, the total flow value in the textbox object4 (1404) is rewritten 365.0 ml/h to 385.0 ml/h.
• The signal with the flow changed is represented by “the number of the flow meter with the flow changed” +“the flow value after changing” in the embodiment, but in the case where values of two or more flow meters are changed, two signals put together may be sent. For example, if the flow value of the[0102]flow meter1 is changed from 90.0 ml/h to 100.0 ml/h, and the flow value of theflow meter3 is changed from 120.0 ml/h to 80 ml/h, a 6-byte signal of 011000030800 in hexadecimal digits may be sent as for a signal that is sent from the comparison unit to sending means.
• Also, in the above described case, since the byte number of the differential signal varies depending on the number of external apparatuses with the flow value changed in such a manner that when the numbers of external apparatuses with the flow value changed are one, two and three, the byte numbers of the differential signal are 3 bytes, 6 bytes and 9 bytes, respectively, the control unit ([0103]101) of a master needs processing consistent with the byte number of the differential signal, thus putting a burden on information processing (signal processing). Then, in stead of sending selectively the flow value of the external apparatus with the flow value changed, all the flow values amongthe external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) may be sent if at least one of all the flow values of the external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) is changed. In this case, since the byte number of the differential signal is constant 9 bytes, a burden on information processing (signal processing) can be reduced. Furthermore, for whether all the flow values are sent or the flow value subjected to change is selectively sent, changes can be made as appropriate depending on the number of external apparatuses connected to the system (1105), the frequency of changing external apparatuses and the importance of patient monitor information.
• As described above, in this system ([0104]1105), operation information (operation signals) among the external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) are received in succession, and past operation information stored in the storing unit (1103) and operation information currently received from the external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) are outputted. The comparison unit (1102) compares the past operation information with the current operation information, generates information (differential information) showing a difference between the past operation information and the current operation information and sends the information to the control unit (1101). Thereby, the control unit may avoid performing change/control of the display unit unless there is no substantial difference, thus making it possible to reduce a burden on information processing even if a large number of external apparatuses such as medical pumps are used. Furthermore, the information showing a difference (differential information) is constituted at least by the aforesaid external apparatus number (information indicating an external apparatus sending current information different from the past information it sent), whereby the amount of information to be sent to the control unit can be reduced as compared with operation information from the external apparatus, and this reduction of the amount of information also makes it possible to reduce a burden on information processing (signal processing) in the control unit. If the communication unit sends repeatedly request signals for requesting information from the external apparatuses1(1121),2(1122) and3(1123) in predetermined timing, the control unit does not need to dispatch the request signal, thereby making it possible to reduce a burden on information processing (signal processing) in the control unit. Consequently, a monitoring system can be built, which causes no drop in response when the control unit concurrently performs processings of the keyboard and various kinds of switches (not shown) as HMI (Human Machine Interface).
• Furthermore, the contents in the storing unit ([0105]1103) is set 0 (or data outside the normal range) at the time of starting the system, whereby the data of all the flow meters are sent to the control unit (1101) because the data of theflow meters1,2 and3 obtained from the communication unit (1104) are different from the information stored in the storing unit (1103), and the latest flow values of the flow meters are automatically displayed on the display unit (1100) when the system starts.
• There are cases where information from the[0106]flow meters1,2 and3 is not constituted by just flow values, but alarm information of theflow meters1,2 and3 and the like are added thereto to increase the amount of information. In that case, comparison time and the amount of information to be stored are reduced in the control unit (1101) and in the storing unit (1103), respectively, thereby making it possible to achieve speed enhancement of processing associated with reduction in volume of comparison and a drop in price associated with reduction in storage memory areas. Specific methods thereof will be described using FIGS. 15, 16 and17.
• In FIG. 15, communication data obtained by the communication unit in the case of large amount of information is shown. In communication data, a slave address showing a number of a slave (external apparatus) and data comprised of operation conditions of slaves are exist between a header such as STX and a terminator such as ETX. First, data such as operation conditions are decomposed out of received data (decomposition A). Coding by exclusive OR (XOR) (BCC: Block Check Character) is performed for data of this decomposition A by each word from the heading, what is finally produced is considered as BCC[0107]1 (Type I transformation). Furthermore, with an inverse (NOT) of the decomposition A is being decomposition B, and coding by summation by each word (ADD) is performed for data of this decomposition B, and what is finally produced is considered as BCC2 (Type II transformation). These adopt lower 16 bits. Data change is considered to have occurred, from changes in BCC1 and BCC2. BCC coding is generally used and its reliability is acknowledged, but further coding processing is performed using reversed data in calculation, and two BCCs having no causal relation are compared with each other, thereby improving safety. Due to this safety, the amount of data can be reduced as shown in FIG. 16 without storing all received data to shorten memory access time. Also, if the received signal includes BCC in advance, the BCC data is directly used, whereby the above described decomposition work and calculation processing can be reduced and further enhancement of the speed can be expected.
• A series of the flow thereof will be described using FIG. 17. A portion of data in which the operation conditions of slaves and the like (decomposition A) is fetched out of the communication data, and XOR computation of 16 bits thereof is performed to provide BCC[0108]1. Also, with an inverse of decomposition A being decomposition B, lower 16 bits resulting from ADD computation of decomposition B are considered as BCC2 (Step S1700). A slave address is read from the communication data, and the past BCC1 and BCC2 corresponding to this address are read from the storing unit (1103) (Step S1701). The current BCC2 is compared with the past BCC2 read from the storing unit, and advancement to Step S1704 is made if their contents are different from each other, and advancement to Step S1703 is made if their contents are identical to each other (Step S1702). If their contents are identical to each other in Step S1702, the current BCC1 is compared with the past BCC1 read from the storing unit (1103), and advancement to Step S1704 is made if their contents are different from each other, and processing is ended without communicating with the host based on the assumption that the communication condition for the slave address remains unchanged if their contents are identical to each other (Step S1706). If the current data and the past data are different from each other in Step S1702 and Step S1703, BCC1 and BCC2 are written along with the corresponding slave address (Step S1704). Information of change of operation conditions and the like is sent to the external apparatus corresponding to the slave address (Step S1705) and processing is ended (Step S1706). By performing such processing, the number of bytes to be subjected to comparison can be reduced to shorten processing time, data to be stored can be reduced to the minimum to speed up time of read/write in the storing unit (1103), and communication time can also be reduced because only data associated with change in slaves is sent to the host. Furthermore, a protocol such that no signals are sent to the host in the case of no changes is presented in FIG. 17, but it is easy to make a modification thereto so that a short non-signal change is sent.
• If information further increases, in addition to comparison BCC[0109]1 and BCC2 in the previous example, parity data (equivalent data) of each data is stored, and its change is detected, thereby making it possible to make a quick check on which portion of communication data has data subjected to change. FIGS. 18 and 19 show a method of detecting the position of changed data. Structures of BCC data and parity data for data such as the operation condition of the slave are shown in FIG. 18. Processing is performed as in the case of FIG. 15 in the previous example with respect to BCC, and for this data, parity data having parity codes corresponding to the bit of each 1-byte data put together on an eight-by-eight basis is also to be checked as data of the vertical component, in addition to the lateral check system. Stored contents in the storing unit (1103) when such a method of detecting the position of changed data are shown in FIG. 19. Parity data are aligned in succession after each slave address, and after that, BCC1 and BCC2 similar to those shown in FIG. 16 are stored. In this example, parity data are data of P1, P2, P3 and Pn. Pn increases/decreases with the increase/decrease ofcommunication data 8 bytes. The processing flow thereof is similar to that shown in FIG. 17, if it is determined in Step S1702 and Step S1703 that the past BCC data and the current BCC data are different from each other, past parity data is compared with current parity data for each parity data before the BCC data is written in the memory, parity data with difference found and the BCC data are written in a corresponding memory area, and the data and the slave address corresponding to the parity subjected to change are selectively sent to the host. Specifically, the flow value of the slave for initial 8 bytes of the data, information associated with supplied voltage of the flow meter for next 8 bytes of the data, alarm information associated with the number of rotations of the apparatus for subsequent 8 bytes of the data, and continuous operation time for final 8 bytes of the data are sent. If difference is found for the parity of the third byte in a slave, only alarm information associated with the number of rotations for a corresponding slave address may selectively be sent, and thus host sending time can be reduced significantly, leading to reduction in total time.
• In this way, according to the real-time monitoring system and the controlling method therefore and the program storage medium of the present invention, operation states, alarm information, etc. of external apparatuses including a plurality of medical apparatuses such as infusion pumps, syringe pumps and blood pressure monitors having a large amount of send data can be monitored in real time.[0110]
• The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various changes and modifications can be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, to apprise the public of the scope of the present invention, the following claims are made.[0111]

Claims (22)

What is claimed is:

1. A medical pump monitor system using a plurality of medical pumps to administer medical fluids and the like for a patient, monitoring flows of delivered fluids and alarm information of the medical pumps through cable communication and/or wireless communication,

wherein infusion circuitry creating means for setting/changing the connection conditions of infusion lines from the plurality of medical pumps, and administration passes and/or administration positions for the patient is provided, and it is made possible to display infusion circuitry data created in the infusion circuitry creating means on a monitor screen by operations by an operator of the medical pump monitor system.

2. The pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein reading means for reading an infusion circuitry diagram such as a handwritten diagram in the medical pump monitor system is provided, and it is made possible to make a choice by operator's operations on whether infusion circuitry information to be displayed during operation of the medical pump monitor system is information created using the infusion circuitry creating means or information created using said infusion circuitry diagram reading means.

3. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein said infusion circuitry creating means displays a sketch of the patient with respect to determination of the administration position for the patient, and inputting in the medical pump monitor system any position information in the sketch, thereby making a determination as administration closest to the inputted position information.

4. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein said infusion circuitry creating means further comprises determining means for making a check for the infusion line not suited to a practical method for transfusion.

5. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein said fluid delivery circuitry creation means can select an optimal pump arrangement pattern from a plurality of pump arrangement patterns registered in advance.

6. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the determining means makes a determination on existence of loop-shaped lines in the infusion line, and gives an alarm to the operator if there exist a loop shaped line.

7. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the determining means determines whether two or more of the infusion lines run directly from the medical pump, and gives an alarm to the operator if two or more of infusion lines run directly therefrom.

8. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the determining means determines whether the infusion line is ended at some midpoint without reaching the patient, and gives an alarm to the operator of the medical pump monitor system if the infusion line is ended at some midpoint.

9. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the determining means determines whether the infusion line is necessarily formed towards at least one position of the patient from the medical pump, and gives an alarm to the operator if the infusion line is not necessarily formed towards at least one position of the patient from the medical pump.

10. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the determining means determines whether the infusion line inserted into a specified portion of the patient is inserted into the patient again, and gives an alarm to the operator if the infusion line inserted into a specified portiion of the patient is inserted into the patient again.

11. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the determining means determines whether the infusion line from the operating medical pump is not connected to the patient, and gives an alarm to the operator if the infusion line from the operating medical pump is not connected to the patient.

12. The medical pump monitor system according toclaim 1, wherein the monitor screen can display thereon real-time states or trends in arbitrary time ranges for at least any one of the amount of water, the urinary volume and the amount of electrolytes.

13. A controlling method for a medical pump monitor system using a plurality of medical pumps to administer medical fluids and the like for a patient, monitoring flows of delivered fluids and alarm information of the medical pumps through cable communication and/or wireless communication, comprising:

an infusion circuitry creating step of setting/changing the connection conditions of infusion lines from the plurality of medical pumps, and administration passes and/or administration positions for the patient; and

a step of making it possible to display infusion circuitry data created in the infusion circuitry creating means on a monitor screen by operations by an operator of the medical pump monitor system.

14. A computer readable memory storing therein program codes for controlling a medical pump monitor system using a plurality of medical pumps to administer medical fluids and the like for a patient, monitoring flows of delivered fluids and alarm information of the medical pumps through cable communication and/or wireless communication, comprising program codes of:

an infusion circuitry creating step of setting/changing the connection conditions of infusion lines from the plurality of medical pumps, and administration passes and/or administration positions for the patient; and

a step of making it possible to display infusion circuitry data created in the infusion circuitry creating means on a monitor screen by operations by an operator of the medical pump monitor system.

15. A real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, comprising:

communicating means for communicating with the external apparatuses;

displaying means for displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses;

storing means for storing one or more past communication data obtained by the communicating means;

comparing means for comparing currently communicated data with past data; and

controlling means for controlling contents to be displayed on the displaying means, based on signals from the comparing means,

wherein the comparing means reduces the amount of the data and/or eliminates the amount of the data for the amount of signals to be sent to the controlling means, in the case where the past data and the current data are identical to each other in comparison with the case where the past data and the current data are different from each other.

16. A real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, comprising:

communicating means for communicating with the external apparatuses;

displaying means for displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses;

storing means for storing one or more past communication data obtained by the communicating means;

comparing means for comparing currently communicated data with past data; and

controlling means for controlling contents to be displayed on the displaying means, based on signals from the comparing means,

wherein the comparing means selectively sends only a portion where the past data and the current data are different from each other, for the signals to be sent to the controlling means.

17. The real-time monitoring system according toclaim 15, wherein the communicating means, the comparing means and the storing means are unified, and are separated from the displaying means and the controlling means.

18. The real-time monitoring system according toclaim 15, wherein the external apparatuses is medical apparatuses comprising communicating means such as infusion pumps and urinary volume meters, and contents that are displayed on the displaying means are operation and stop information, flows, alarm conditions from apparatuses, information of administrated drugs, administration information and patient information.

19. A controlling method for a real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, comprising steps of:

storing in storing means one or more past communication data obtained by communicating means for communicating with the external apparatuses;

comparing currently communicated data with past data by comparing means; and

controlling contents to be displayed on the displaying means, based on signals from the comparing means,

wherein said method comprises a step in which the comparing means performs control to reduce the amount of the data and/or eliminate the amount of the data for the amount of signals to be sent to the controlling means, in the case where the past data and the current data are identical to each other in comparison with the case where the past data and the current data are different from each other.

20. A controlling method for a real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, comprising steps of:

storing in storing means one or more past communication data obtained by communicating means for communicating with the external apparatuses;

comparing currently communicated data with past data by comparing means; and

controlling contents to be displayed on the displaying means, based on signals from the comparing means,

wherein said method comprises a step in which the comparing means selectively sends only a portion where the past data and the current data are different from each other, for the signals to be sent to the controlling means.

21. A computer readable record medium storing therein program codes of a controlling method for a real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, comprising program codes of steps of:

storing in storing means one or more past communication data obtained by communicating means for communicating with the external apparatuses;

comparing currently communicated data with past data by comparing means; and

controlling contents to be displayed on the displaying means, based on signals from the comparing means,

wherein said computer readable record medium comprises a program code of a controlling step in which the comparing means performs control to reduce the amount of the data and/or eliminate the amount of the data for the amount of signals to be sent to the controlling means, in the case where the past data and the current data are identical to each other in comparison with the case where the past data and the current data are different from each other.

22. A computer readable record medium storing therein program codes of a controlling method for a real-time monitoring system performing real time communication with external apparatuses including one or more medical apparatuses, and controlling the external apparatuses and/or displaying the conditions of the external apparatuses, comprising program codes of steps of:

storing in storing means one or more past communication data obtained by communicating means for communicating with the external apparatuses;

comparing currently communicated data with past data by comparing means; and

controlling contents to be displayed on the displaying means, based on signals from the comparing means,

wherein said computer readable record medium comprises a program code of a step in which the comparing means selectively sends only a portion where the past data and the current data are different from each other, for the signals to be sent to the controlling means.

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