US1982719A - Tool - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to tools and more par- Patented Dec. 4, 1934 L l TOOL Williani Woerner, Elizabeth, N."J., assignor to Worthington ,Pump and Machinery ,Corporar tion, New York, N. Y., acorporation of Virginia,

f2 Claims. (CLf'zr'If-Ss) UNITED sures NT; OFFICE Fig. 3 isa longitudinal sectional view taken on ticularly to locking,meansfordetachably securing various types of machine. tools, such as counterborers, milling cutters, facing cutters, etc., to the shank or holder employed in connection with various types of machines, such as drill presses, millers, boring machines, and the like.

I The present practice comprises various means of attaching tools of the types above referred to, to the shanks or holders, such as by means of bayonet slots, .wedge keys, or the like, and unless special provision is made, the tool unidirectional. The locking means also are subjected to considerable localized stresses resulting in an unnecessary high degreeof wear and breakage. The tool'can be adjusted axially onlyin relatively large increments, if at all. Hence, "only rarely could'more than onetool be employed at a time on a single shank or holder.

In the present invention the above mentioned disadvantages of prior art practices have been overcome through the use of an improved locking means which rigidly secures the tool to the holder at any desired position.

The primary object, therefore, of the present invention is to provide a tool having locking means which will firmly secure one or more tools to a holder or shank at any desired axial position,

and in such manner that as the load on the tool increases the gripping action of the locking means will increase proportionately.

Another object is to provide locking means which will distribute the stresses from the tool over a relatively large portion of the shaft.

With these objects in view, the invention consists of various features of construction and combination of parts, which will be first described in connection with the accompanying drawing, showing a tool of the preferred form embodying the invention, and the features forming the invention will be specifically pointed out in the claims.

In its'preferred form, the invention comprises a tool bored for mounting upon holder or shank and having an internal, eccentric channel adapted to receive a ring-like split sleeve. The tool body is adapted to wedge the sleeve against the holder following relative motion between the tool and holder.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of two tools on a holder in operating position.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the lines 2-2 of Fig. 1. v

the lines'33 oflFig. 2.

Fig. 4 is'an isometric view of the locking collar. In the drawing, theinvention has been shown applied to a double-edged spot facing tool, but it a is to. be understood that the invention will work equally well when used in conjunction with a trepanner',a counterbore, or any other. similar tool... In the specification and claims the, term tool. willbe used to designate the hollow-body secured to the shank. Referring again to the drawing,,the invention comprises in the preferred embodiment, a holder ortool shank 10. (A tool "11 is bored axially to freely receive theholder 10.

Thetool 11 provided with a plurality OI. Cuttingedges 12 and atool body 13. A lockin Sleeve orring 14 is positioned inanannular channel 15 cut in thetool body 13. The locking sleeve orring 14 is a curved wedge of substantially crescent shape, and is preferably made of a strip of hard, resilient material, such as spring steel, adapted to be sprung into the annular channel upon assembly. Thelocking sleeve 14 has a turned-inlug 16, adapted to engage in a longitudinal groove or slot 1'7, provided in theshaft 10. Thelockingring 14 is thicker at its mid-section and tapers gradually toward its two ends. Thering 14 is shown in 1 Figs. 2 and 4 as an open ring or annular wedge, but if desired it may be extended to form an eccentric annulus, split to permit assembly, the inside of which in either case is concentric to receive the deepest portion of the annular'channel, the tool may be made to slide freely on the holder by aligning thelug 16 with the groove 17.

To secure the tool to the shaft for operating condition, the tool is adjusted axially to the desired position. Locking action is obtained by rotating the tool with respect to the shaft. During rotation of the tool thesleeve 14 is held against rotary motion with respect tothe shaft by the engagement of thelug 16 in the groove 17. As the tool is rotated, the eccentric shape of the annular channel will cause the sleeve to act as a wedge and become firmly bound between the tool holder and the tool, and further relative movement between tool and holder will be prevented. In Fig. 2, the tool is shown in a locked position, the tool being ready to operate in a clockwise direction.

To unlock the device for removal of the tool from the holder, it is simply necessary tomaintain no sleeve becomes wedged between the tool and the holder under either operating position.

The device is self-locking in either direction,

and it is not necessary for the operator to touch the tool after he has once located-it in the correct axial position on the holder. The tool may be unlocked manually without the use of a wrench. As seen in Fig. 2, the locking sleeve contacts the shaft for approximately one-half of its circumference. This provision allows for even distribution of the stresses acting between the tool and the holder. There is no tendency for the locking device tofail by shearing action as thering 14 is subjected almost completely to simple compression. The gripping action of the wedge increases with the torque on the tool so that slippage is eliminated. It may thus be seen that by means of the present invention the tool may be locked and unlocked respectively by a short twist of thetool with respect to the shaft, after which the tool may be removed completely from the holder. No bayonet slots are required, and. the tool may be positioned at any desired point on the holder. This factor admits of the use of multiple tools on a single holder, spaced according to the requirements of the work and adapting the tool to perform multiple operations simultaneously. In Fig.

1 of the drawing, the tool is shown ready to perform' a doublespot-facing operation on a yoke (indicated in broken lines), after the respective tools have been properly spaced axially. The readiness with which the tool may be removed facilitates its use for facing and backfacing operations. If, when the tool is being placed on the shaft, the sleeve is not correctly matched with the eccentric channel, alignment may be obtained by engaging thelug 16 in the groove 17 and rotating the tool until it slides freely on to the shaft.

Locking action is obtained by further rotating the tool in either direction While holding the shaft.

' It will be understood that the invention is not to be limitedtoxthe specific construction or arnulus having a concentric inner portion adjacent to said holder and an eccentric outer portion conforming with the eccentric, bored portion of said tool. I v, 2. In a tool assembly, a cylindrical grooved holder, a tool provided at its bored portion, with an annular eccentric channel, locking means comprising a discontinuous annulus of substantially crescent shape, means on said locking means for engaging said grooved holder, said locking means having an inner contour concentric with and adjacent to said holder, and an outer contour ec- I centric with respect to said holder and adjacent to said eccentric channel.

WILLIAM A. WOERNER.

Images