US1981602A - Burner assembly - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 20, 1934. c. J. LEVEY ET AL BURNER ASSEMBLY Filed Oct. 15, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I ILUGWS': Cbamemce JTLe/zmy, Edward) IJ-[a/ed' 6; M $24 Nov. 20, 1934.

c. J. LEVEY ET AL BURNER AS SEMBLY 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 15, 1930 five- 356- dlm'ewce Jimmy, wwrd/ 'JTHa/ed/i/KQ.

Patented Nov. 20, 1934 YATES BURNER AS SEMBLY Illinois Application October 15, 1930, Serial No. 488,764

16 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvemems in burner assemblies adapted particularly for the combustion of gas.

Various objects of the invention reside in the provision of a novel gas burner assembly which is simple, inexpensive and compact in construction, which is efficient in operation, which is not subject to back-firing, and which is adapted for either industrial or natural gas.

Another object is to provide a new and improved gas burner assembly so designed that it may be located on the furnace in an out-of-theway position, and still will be readily accessible.

Another object resides in the provision of novel means for supplying primary and secondary air of combustion, and controlling said supply to prevent circulation of air through the furnace and thereby cooling off of the furnace during off periods, thus improving the efiiciency of the furnace.

A further object resides in the provision of novel means for supplying secondary air at a.

point where it is all utilized in direct combustion, and in direct contact with the flame in the high temperature zone.

An important object of the invention resides in the provision of a novel combustion chamber which comprises a refractory pan provided with the only secondary air inlets and formed to present a large radiating surface and to induce a high state of turbulence, and which permits radiant heat to pass directly from the pan to the absorbent surfaces.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan View of a burner assembly embodying the features of the invention with the refractory arches removed.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View taken alongline 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken alongline 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an end View of the mixing device.

Figfl 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

While the invention is susceptible of various modifications and alternative constructions, we have shown in the drawings and will herein describe in detail the preferred embodiment, but it is to be understood that we do not thereby intend to limit the invention to the specific form diclosed, but intend to cover all modifications and alternative constructions falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the ap-- pended claims.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the burner assembly constituting the exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises generally a combustion chamber, a mixing device for supplying a mixture of air and gas to the combustion chamber, and means for supplying secondary air of combustion.

The combustion chamber is adapted to be mounted in a suitable furnace in position, preferably at the bottom, to supply heat by radiation and convection to the heat absorbent surfaces. The furnace with its heat absorbent surfaces is not shown or described herein since the details thereof per se constitute no part of the present invention.

The combustion chamber, in its preferred form comprises apan 10 of radiant refractory material which preferably is rectangular in shape, and which is disposed in a substantially'horizontal position. Thepan 10 is suitably mounted on a supporting base plate 11. Also mounted on the plate 11 are twovertical side walls 12 of refractory material which extend respectively along the sides of thepan 10. An upstandingperipheral flange 13 on the plate 11 serves to confine the pan l0 and theside walls 12 in assembled relation.

Mounted onthe base plate 11, preferably at the rear end of thepan 10, is a suitable laterally elongatedrefractory burner block 14 which is formed with an expandingburner orifice 15 opening directly over the base and almost coextensive in width therewith. Preferably, thepan 10 is slightly inclined upwardly from theorifice 15 so that the fuel mixture will impinge against and sweep over the upper surface of the pan and the inner surfaces of theside walls 12. The top of thepan 10 also is formed from end to end with a series oftransverse serrations 16 which serve to increase the radiant area, and to produce a retarding or abrasive action on the fuel mixture, thus effecting a high degree of turbulence. Thus, the fuel mixture is burned directly over and against the pan l0, and the latter is heated to an extremely high state of incandescence. This incandescence together with the large radiant surface of thepan 10 and the turbulence of the fuel and gases serves to establish an extremely high temperature zone directly over the pan, thereby insuring efficient combustion.

A suitable refractory arch is mounted over thepan 10, and is substantially coextensive in length therewith. In the present instance, the arch 'a lattice effect.

comprises a series of semi-circular or curved radiantrefractory arch members 17 which rest at their ends on the upper edges of theside walls 12, and which are in closely abutting relation. Preferably, each of the arch members '17 is inclined in cross-section outwardly and forwardly from theburner block 14, and is formed on its front surface with a plurality of radial peripherally spaced lugs orribs 18. With thearch members 17 in assembled relation, theribs 18 serve with the members to define a plurality of peripherally spacedapertures 19, thus producing Theapertures 19 are inclined outwardly and forwardly from the vertical, and serve to permit radiant heat from the interior of the combustion chamber to strike directly against the absorbent surfaces (not shown) of the furnace.

Mounted on the upper forward end of the pan is a substantially vertical, radiantrefractory front wall 20 which serves to substantially close the front end of the arch. In the present in stance, thefront wall 20 is wedge shaped, the inner surface being substantially parallel to theapertures 19, and preferably being formed from top to bottom with a series oftransverse serrations 21 similar to theserrations 16.

The mixing device preferably is in'the form of a proportional mixer comprising a Venturi mixing tube, 22 having aninlet cone 23, athroat 24 and an elongated expanding cone. 25. The discharge end of thetube 22 is connected through a convergingsleeve 26 to a flattened burner supply conduit 2'7 connected to theblock 14. Preferably, thetube 22, thesleeve 26 and'theconduit 27 are formed integral. Theconduit 27 opens through anelongated burner port 28 to theburner orifice 15, the port and the orifice being substantially coextensive in width.

Preferably, themixingtube 22 extends along the underside of therefractorypan 10, and thesupply conduit 27 is curved upwardly and then forwardly to establish its connection with theburner block 14. As a result, a compact construction, in which the mixing device is positioned out of the way under the furnace with attendant convenience and saving in floor space is obtained.

Aperipheral flange 29 is formedabout the discharge endof thesleeve 26, and serves to support the adjacent end of the base plate 11. Arear leg 30 is suitably secured to thesleeve 26 to support the rear end of the burner structure. The front end of thetube 22 is formed with aperipheral flange 31 against which ahousing 32 is rigidly secured. Twoadjustable legs 33 suitably secured to thehousing 32 serve to support the front end of the burner structure.

Thehousing 32 is formed with achamber 34 in direct communication with themixing tube 22 and adapted to receive one of the constituents of the air-gas mixture. In the present instance, thechamber 34 serves as the primary air chamher, and to this end may. be connected to a suitable source of air, as'for example through an inlet opening 35 in the bottom to the atmosphere. Thehousing 32 is formedwith asecond chamber 36 for supplying the other constituent, namely gas, to themixing tube 22. Gas under pressure is adapted to be supplied from a suitable source (not shown) to thechamber 36 through apipe 37. Opening from thechamber 36 is an externally threaded'tubularfitting 33 extending into theair chamber 34 in axial alignment with thetube 22. threaded into the free end of thefitting 38, and

A restrictednozzle 39 is adjustably preferably terminates substantially in the plane of the inlet end of theentrance cone 23. Mounted on thefitting 38 for adjustment toward and I from the inlet end of thecone 23 to regulate the size of the inlet air passage is a primary air shutter or valve 40.

In operation, a jet of gas under pressure will be discharged from thenozzle 39 axially into theentrance cone 23, and a proportionate flow of air from thechamber 34 past the shutter 40 will thereupon be induced. The air-gas ratio may be 7 varied by adjusting theshutter 43, and the volume of fuel mixture supplied may be adjusted by adjusting the amount of gas supplied to thegas chamber 36.

Provision is made for controlling the supply of primary air in dependence on the supply of gas. To this end, an air damper 41 having acounterbalance 42 is pivotally mounted on the underside of thehousing 32 for opening and closing the inlet air opening 35 to theair chamber 34. Mounted on thehousing 32 is a casing 4300mprising abottom wall 44 preferably formed integral with thehousing 32, and a removabletop wall 45. A pressure responsive member in the form of aflexible diaphragm 43 is mounted in thecasing 43 with its peripheral margin tightly secured between thewalls 44 and 45. I

A bleeder port or vent 47 opens from thegas chamber 34 into the lower section of thediaphragm casing 43 to transmit the pressure of the gas against the underside of thediaphragm 46. Etesting on thediaphragm 46 is asuitable weight 43. Alever 49 pivotally mounted intermediate its ends in the wall is pivotally connected at one end to theweight 48 and at the other end through avertical link 53 to the air damper/i1. periods, the damper 41 will be closed, thus preventing the circulation of primary air through the combustion chamber and the furnace. In starting'up the operation, the gas is turned on and is discharged through thenozzle 39 into the mixingt-ube 22. Due to the restricted character of the 'blcedcr port 47, the gas pressure builds up gradually under thediaphragm 46 to effect a retarded opening of the damper 41, and hence in the initial period, gas is first supplied to the combustion chamber, thus preventing back-firing.

Another feature of the inventionv resides in supplying secondary air at a point where it is utilized in direct combustion, and is in direct contact with the flame in the high temperature zone. To this end, the base plate 11 is formed with asecondary air chamber 51 directly below therefractory pan 10, and the latter is formed with a plurality'of transverse rows, three inthe present instance, of small secondaryair inlet openings 52. Anexternal wall 53 secured at its ends to the flan es 29 and 31 and connected to the base plate 11 encloses the mixingtube 22 and thesleeve 26 and defines therewith a continuation of thesecondary air chamber 51. Air from any suitable source may be supplied to the chain- 1,

ber 51, and in the present instance the chamber adapted to communicate with the atmosphere through an inlet opening 54 formed in the underside of thewall 53 adjacent the 31.

Means is provided for controlling the supply of secondary air in dependence on the supply of primary air. Preferably, this means comprises a housing 55 mounted on the underside of thewall 53 over the opening 54, formed with anopening 56 in registration therewith. A damper It will be evident that during off 57 is pivotally mounted at one end in the housing for movement to open and close theopening 56. Aweight 58 secured to the free end of anarm 59 extending upwardly from the damper 57 and rearwardly across its pivotal axis tends to hold the damper in closed position;

Secured to the free end of the damper 57 is afinger 60 extending out of the housing 55 into underlying relation to the primary air damper a1. It will be evident that when the damper 41 is opened it will open the secondary air damper 57, and that when the damper 41 is closed, theweight 58 will close the damper 57. Thus, secondary air is supplied only when primary air is supplied, and is supplied only to the high temperature zone directly over thepan 10, thereby further insuring efiicient combustion, and preventing a cooling draft through the combustion chamber and the furnace during off periods.

Mounted on the underside and adjacent one ide edge of the base plate 11 is a suitablesafety pilot burner 61 communicating through apilot port 62 formed in therefractory pan 10 with the combustion chamber at a point adjacent one end of the main burner orifice l5. Suitable automatic means (not shown) may be provided for cutting off the supply of gas to thepipe 37 in the event that the pilot flame becomes extmguished.

We claim as our invention:

1. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a refractory base wall, and a burner block abutting against one end of said base wall and defining an end wall of said chamber, said block having a narrow elongated discharge orifice opening along the edge of said end of said base wall and being substantially coextensive in length therewith, one longitudinal edge of said orifice being substantially in the plane of the fire surface of said base wall.

2. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a fiat refractory pan, the fire surface of said pan being formed with a series of parallel serrations, and a burner having a narrow elongated orifice located along one edge and closely to the plane of said pan for discharging a fuel mixture thereover across said serrations, said orifice being substantially coextensive in width with said pan.

3. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a fiat refractory pan rectangular in form, a burner block at one end of said pan, said block having a laterally elongated orifice for discharging a fuel mixture over the upper surface of said pan, said pan being inclined upwardly from said orifice and being formed with a plurality of transverse serrations in its upper surface, a plurality of abutting arch members mounted over said pan, said arch members defining a plurality of apertures, and an end wall mounted on said pan opposite said block, said end wall being formed with a plurality of transverse serrations.

4. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a fiat refractory pan, and a burner having a narrow elongated orifice located along one edge and closely to the plane of said pan for discharging a fuel mixture across said pan, and an upright wall on said pan opposite to said orifice.

5. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a fiat refractory pan, and a burner having a narrow elongated orifice located along one edge and closely to the plane of said pan for discharging a fuel mixture across said pan, and an upright wall on said pan opposite to said orifice in the path of said mixture, said upright wall sloping from said pan away from said burner, the fire surfaces of said pan and said wall each being formed with a plurality of serrations.

6. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a refractory rectangular base wall and refractory upstanding side walls, a burner having a narrow elongated orifice extending along one end edge and closely to the plane of said base wall for discharging a fuel mixture to sweep along said base wall and said side walls, and an upstanding refractory wall on the end of said base wall opposite said orifice in the path of said mixture.

7. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a refractory rectangular base wall and refractory upstanding side walls, a burner having a narrow elongated orifice extending along one end edge of said base wall for discharging a fuel mixture to sweep along said base wall and said side walls, and an upstanding refractory wall on the end of said base wall opposite said orifice, said base wall being longitudinally inclined upwardly from said orifice, and an apertured arch over said base wall.

8. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a flat refractory base wall, a burner block having an orifice for discharging a fuel mixture to sweep along the fire surface of said wall, and a plurality of abutting refractory arch members mounted over said wall, each contiguous pair of said arch members defining a plurality of spaced apertures.

9. In a burner assembly, in combination, a horizontally disposed combustion chamber having a base wall, a burner block mounted at the rear of said chamber for discharging a fuel mixture thereto across said wall, and a fuel mixing device comprising an elongated mixing tube connected to said burner block, said tube extending below and completely across said base wall and then at the rear of said wall being curved upwardly and forwardly to establish said connection with said block.

10. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber having a refractory pan with secondary air inlet openings, a burner nozzle discharging to said chamber, a mixing device connected to said nozzle, means for supplying fuel to said device, means including a valve for supplying air to said device, a secondary air chamber enveloping said device and communicating with said openings, means including a valve for supplying air to said air chamber, and means for automatically opening said last mentioned valve when said first mentioned valve is opened.

11. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a refractory pan, a burner block at one end of said pan, said block having a laterally elongated orifice for discharging a fuel mixture over the upper surface of said pan, said pan being formed with a plurality of transverse serrations in its upper surface, a plurality of abutting arch members mounted over said pan, said arch members defining a plurality of apertures, and an end wall mounted on said pan opposite said block.

12. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a refractory base wall and refractory upstanding side walls, a burner having a narrow elongated orifice extending along one end edge of said base wall for discharging a fuel mixture to sweep along said ing a fuel mixture thereto to sweep across said wall, and a fuel mixing device comprising an elongated mixing tube connected to said burner block, said tube extending through said air chamber below and completely across said base wall,

and at the rear of said air chamber being curved upwardly and forwardly to establish said connection with said block.

14. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a refractory base wall, a burner block located at one end of said base wall and having a narrow elongated discharge orifice opening along the edge of said end of said wall, said orifice being substantially coextensive in length with said edge, and a burner tube having a flattened end connected to said block, said flattened end being formed with a narrow elongated orifice registering with and discharging into said first mentioned orifice.

15. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber comprising a horizontal base wall, a burner having orifice means for discharging a fuel mixture into the rear of said chamber, a fuel and air mixing device comprising an elongated mixing tube extending from the front ofsaid chamber rearwardly underneath said base wall, and means connecting the rear end of said tube to said burner, said means extending from said tube below said base wall upwardly to above said base wall.

16. In a burner assembly, in combination, a combustion chamber having a horizontal base wall with secondary air inlets openingtherethrough to admit air from below said wall to said chamber, a burner nozzle for discharging a fuel air mixture into said'chamber, a mixing device having an elongated discharge tube located beneath said base wall and connected to said nozzle, means for supplying fuel to said device, means including a valve for supplying air to said device, a secondary air chamber enveloping said tube and communicating with said secondary air inlets, and means for admitting air to said air chamber.

CLARENCE J. LEVEY. EDWARD J. IIAEDIKE,

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