US1845727A - Trocar - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 16, 1932. G. H. sLAuGHTER l 1,845,727

TROCAR Filed, Oct. 4, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l PwC/www Feb. 16, 1932. G. H. sLAuHTER TROCAR Filed 001 4, 1950' 2 Sheets-Sheetl 2 Patented Feb. 16, 1932 UNITED, STATES GEORGE H. sLAUGH'rEn, or BnNroNnAnnomMrenmAN 'rnooaza Application :nea october 4, 1930.' serialno. 436,304;

This invention relates to trocars, drainage tubes. and the like, and its principal object is the provision of simple means, whereby the instrument may be connected to a source of vacuum supply and to a source otuid under pressure at the same time and having control means, whereby the tube of` theinstrument may be placed into communication with either of said sources of su iply. Another mi object is to provide means` or venting the tube while being used in connection with the vacuum supply.

Trocars are employed byembalmers for the purpose of extracting gases and other fluids from a body, and it frequently hap pens that the viscera or other tissues are drawn into the inlet openings of the instrument, thereby clogging the same and preventing the fluids from being drawn out, and

' one of the objects ol the invention is to provide means for preventing the tissues from being drawn `into the inlet openings of the tube during the draining operation. An`

other object is to provide an instrument of g5lthis character with a retractible point or l piercing member. l

Other objects and advantages will appear in the course of this specification, and with all of said objects and advantages in v1e\v,

Vaothis invention consists in the several novel features of construction, arrangement and con'ibinatio-n of partshereinafter fully de-` scribed and more particularly pointed out in the claims. sa!

drawings accompanying this specification in Which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a trocar embodying a simple form of the present in- 4`0` vention and showing the tube portion partly broken away; .u Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section thereof; i j r u 3 is a detail longitudinal section taken `on the line 33 of Fig. 2; j

Fig. 4l is a detail cross section taken on the line 4.-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail cross section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

The invention is clearlyillustrated in the Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a Jfragment the invention; i i

Fig. 7 isa side elevation ofa moditied form ot` the invention;` u

Fig. 8 is a central longitudinal `section through the same;

Fig. 9-isan` enlarged detail vertical cross section taken on the line 9--9 oit Fig. 7;

Fig. 1() is an enlarged detail vertical cross section taken on theline 10--10 of Fig. 8 and Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail vertical cross section taken on the line11`11 of Fig. 8.

Referring to said drawings, and lirst to Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, which shonT` the preferred embodiment of the invention, thereference character 12 designates a housing, here shown in the form of a barrel having a finger hold 13 at one end and attube 14 threadedly securedat the other end. A point orother piercing member 15 is threadedly secured in `therree end of thetube 14. *Thepoint 15 `and adjacent `end portion ofthetube 1,4 are provided With apertures or other openings 16 through which `fluid may be movedlintoor outofthe tube.`

Withinthebarrel 12 is avalve member 17 which is of cylindrical form and is fitted to the bore ofthe barrel12 so as to make a fairly tight joint therewithl Thevalve member 17 is shouldered, as :at18," and from said shoulderedportion extends a stem'19 Which is provided on its other end with a knob or handle 20 by means of which the valve member may be rotated in the barrel or completely Withdrawn therefrom.

Projecting from the `valve `member 17, in co-axial alignment therewith, is aninner tube 21` which extends Within theouter tube 14 to a place adjacent the'openings 16. A slight clearance,spacel is leftbetvveen thetubes 14 and 21 to provide an air passage which leads from a vent `opening 23 in the barrel and arecess 22 formed in the cylindrical face ofthe valve member`17 to the end o the tube :21. Therecess 22 is capable of registering, when 95 in one position of thevalve member, with the vent opening`23, therebyventing thetubes 14 and 21;

The bore oftheinner tube 21 extends part way through thevalve member 17, thereby ifi/5'.

of a certain valveniember forming part ot" forming aconduit 24 which leads from the openings 16 to the end of theconduit 24, and the wall of thevalve member 17 is formed at opposite sides withports 25 and 26 that are capable of being brought into register one at a time withpassages 27 and 28 that are formed innipples 29 and 30 which project from the bar-rel 12. Thenipple 29 is adapted to be connected with a flexible tube (not shown) which leads from a suitable vacuum pump, and the nipple '30 is adapted to be connected to a flexible tube (not shown) which leads from a container or receptacle in which is contained al fluid under pressure. Suitable markings may be placed on theshoulder 18 to'indicate the location of the.ports 125 and 26 relative to the passages 27'and 28 in thenipples 29 and 30, and means may be provided for determining the exact location of said ports, las, for instance, aspring pressedcatch 40 may be provided in theshoulder 18 for engagement inrecesses 41 formed in thelinger hold 13.

Inzuse, the instrument is connected to the two flexible tubes which lead from their respective sources of supply. The -tube is inserted at the desired place and ,the knob or handle 2O is turned to bring theport 25 into regi-ster with the passage 27 -which communicates with-the vacuum pump. VIn this position of the valve member, Athe port or opening 26 is covered by the wall of thebarrel 12. Any gases or liquids which lenter the openings 16 pass through theinner tube 24 vand discharge out through thebore 25 andpassage 27 .to and through the flexible tube which is connected with the'vacuum pump. The liquid fills the cavity in the outer tube 14V be-V yond the inner tube :21 and so long as the end of the inner vtube is submerged in the liquid the latter discharges throughl the nner tube. As the liquid is being withdrawn there is likely to be amovement of the internal viscera toward the point where the'V suction and removal of fluids is taking place. In case the viscera are ydrawn over the open-4 ings 16 in the outer tube, and' the fluid in4 the .cavity within the outer'tube 14 beyond the inner tube is withdrawn to such an extent that the end of the inner tube is no longer submerged in the liquid, then outside air will be admitted 'through the vent opening 23,groove 22 and 4the annular space between the outer and inner tubes to the innert-ubc, thus venting the inner tube, vwhereinpon further suction of fluid and movementof the viscera will cease. This condition will continue until the end ofV the Vinner tube is again submerged in fluids which find their way into the cavity within' the outer tube.

In case'any viscera or other `tissues are drawn over the openings 16, they will not be drawn in through the openings., because the tube is vented. From actual practice it has been found that by venting the tube',fas above described, in case any of the viscera or tissues cover the openings 16, said parts are prevented from being drawn in through the openings, and as soon as other fluids gather around the openings, the fluids will be withdrawn from the part into which the tube is inserted.

After thebfluids have lbeen withdrawn, the knob or handle is turned, thereby rotating thevalve member 17 through an arc of 180, ithus bringing the port vor opening 26 into register with thepassage 28 in thenipple 29, and at the same time moving the bore or opening 25 out ofregister with thepassage 27 and also moving therecess 22 away from the opening 23. In this position,communi cation is established between thepassage 28 and the main conduit of .the tube, throughy which liquid or embalming lluid is forced' from the receptacle or container and discharged into the body.

In the modified form of the invention shown in'Figs. 7 to 11, inclusive, thebarrel 12a with its nipples 29a and 30a, the tube 14a, valve member 17a, knob or handle .20a

and stem 19a are substantially of the same construction as the preferred form. The tubel 14a is provi-ded with openings 16, and the .valve member l17EL is provided with ports or openings 425a and 26a that are adapted to bel brought into register with the passages in thenipples 29a and 30, as in the preferred form. In place of thenger hold 18, a disk 13a is rigidly secured upon the stem 19EL to provide means whereby the valve member 17a may be rotated in thebarrel 12a and a flanged sleeve 12b is threadedly secured upon the barrel and engages in annular groove in the valve member to secure said valve member `against longitudinal movement in the barrel.

The inner tube of the preferred form is omitted, as well as the vent opening 23, and' the point or piercing member l5a instead oi. being secured to the tube is mounted upon a stem 15b which extends through the tube 14a and through the valve member and is provided with a knob 15c upon its end, whereby the point or piercing member 15a may be drawn into the stem portion 19a of the valve member 17 a. A shoulder 15d is provided upon the stem 15b which is arranged toV strike against the end of the conduit in the valve member when the point or piercing member is retracted.

This form of the invention is intended particularly for use in draining blood from corpses in the process of embalming them. The nipple 29a may be connected to a vacuum pump by a flexible tube and the nipple a may be connected to the container or receptacle by a flexible tube and compressed air may be supplied to said container or receptacle, as in the preferred form. The valve member 17a is adjusted `to bring the port or opening into register with the passage through thenipple 29, after the pointed end of the instrumenthas been inserted into a vein or artery, and the point or piercing member l5 is retracted, thereby permitting the blood to drain out through the tube 14a,valve member 17,nipple 29 and the flexible connection which is attached thereto.

To inject fluid into the arteries or veins, the knob or handle 13a is partially rotated to bring the port or opening 26a into register with thenipple 30, thus placing the tube in communication, with the container or receptacle in which the fluid is contained under pressure. Fluid is thereupon forced through the instrument and into the vein or artery.

From the above, it Will be seen that the valve member provides means 'whereby the instrument may be used for draining fluids from a body and for injecting fluids into a body Without disconnecting the instrument from the flexible tubes. It is simple in construction and may be readily taken apart for the purpose of cleaning.

More or less variation of the exact details of construction is possible Without departing from the spirit of this invention. I desire, therefore, not to limit myself to the exact form of the construction shown and described, but intend, in the following claims, to point out all of the invention disclosed herein.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. An instrument of the character described comprising a. housing having a perforated pointed tube projecting therefrom, said housing also having a fluid outlet passage and a fluid inlet passage, and a valve member in said housing having a conduit openin to the conduit in the perforated tube, sai valve member being provided With ports one as sociated With each fluid passage and each capable of registering one at a time only With an associated fluid passage.

2. An instrument of the character described comprising a barrel having a perforated pointed tube projecting therefrom, said barrel also having a fluid outlet passage ,f and a fluid inlet passage, and a valve member rotatably mounted in said barrel and having a tube extending therefrom and opening to the conduit in the perforated tube, said valve member being provided with ports, one associ-ated with each fluid passage and each capable of registering one at a time only with an associated fluid passage.

An instrument of the character described comprising a barrel having a perforated tube projecting therefrom, said tube being provided with a piercing member on its free end, and said barrel having a fluid outlet passage and a fluid inletpassage, and a valve member rotatably mounted in said barrel and 'd having a conduit opening to the conduit in the tube, saidvalve member being provided with ports, oneassociated with each `Huid passage. and each capable of registering one at` a time only with an.- associated fluid` passagew` i 1i 4. An instrument of the character described comprising a barrel .having a fluid outlet passage and a fluidinlet passage and having a pointed tube projecting from one end of the barrel, said tube being perforated at its pointed end, and a valve memberrotatably `mounted in said barrel and having a conduit opening to the conduit in the .tube,. said valve member being provided` with ports,

one associated With each fluid passage and each capable of registering `one at a time only` with 1an associated fluid passage.

5. An instrumentof the character described comprising a barrel having a perforated tube projecting therefrom and provided with a pointed end, said barrel also having a fluid outlet passage and a fluid inlet passage, and a valve member rotatably mounted in said barrel and having a tube projecting into the perforated tube and terminating adjacent the perforations therein, there being a clearance `space between said tubes leading from a vent opening` in the barrel, and said valve member having ports, each capable of registering one ata time with a fluid passage of the barrel. i l

6. An instrument of the character described comprising a `barrel having a perforated tube projecting therefrom, said barrel also havingalfluid outlet passage and a` fluid inlet passage, and a valve member rotatably mounted in said barrel, and having a tube extending through the interior of the perforated tube and 'terminating at the perforations thereof, there being a vent opening in the barrel and an air passage leading therefrom to said end of the inner tube, and said valve member being provided with ports each capable of registering one at a time only With a fluid passage of the barrel.

7. An instrument of the character described comprising a barrel having a per* forated pointed tube projecting therefrom, said barrel being formed With two nipples,

one affording a fluid outlet passage from said :s

barrel and one affording a fluid inlet passage to said barrel, and a valve member movably mounted in said barrel and having a conduit opening to the conduit in the perforated tube, said valve member being provided with ports, one associated with each fluid passage and each capable of registering one at a time only With an associated passage.

8. An instrument of the character described comprising a barrel having a perforated pointed tube projecting therefrom, said barrel being formed with two nipples, one affording a fluid outlet passage from said barrel and one affording a fluid inlet passage to said barrel, a valve member movably mounted in said barrel and having a conduit opening to the conduit in the perforated tube, said valve member being provided with ports, one associated with each ilu-id passage and each capable of registering one at a time only With an associated fluid passage in the barrel,

and a valve stem for said valve member provided vvith a knob on its outer end.

19. Inan instrument of the character de.

scribed, the combination of a barrel provided with a perforated tube and having a plurality of nipples leading fromv `the bore of the barrel, and a valve member contained in the bore of said barrel and having a conduit communicating With the interior of the tube and also having ports one .associated with each nipple and eac-'h arrangedV to be brought int-o register one at a time only with an associated nipple.

10. An instrument of the character described comprising a barrel having a perforated tube projecting therefrom, said barrel also having a luid outlet passage and a fluid inlet passage, a valve member in said housing having a conduit opening to the conduit in the perforated tube, said valve member also having ports, one associated with each fluid passage land each capable of registering one at a time only with an associated fluid passage, a piercing member, a stem upon which said piercing member is mounted at one end, said stem extending through the bore of the perforated tube and valve member and having a knob upon its end, and said piercing member normally projecting from the perforated end of the perforated tube and capable of being retracted from said end.

GEORGE H. VSLAUGHTER.

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