US1571593A - Paper crinkling - Google Patents
Paper crinklingDownload PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1571593A US1571593AUS429317AUS42931720AUS1571593AUS 1571593 AUS1571593 AUS 1571593AUS 429317 AUS429317 AUS 429317AUS 42931720 AUS42931720 AUS 42931720AUS 1571593 AUS1571593 AUS 1571593A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- web
- paper
- corrugations
- cylinder
- folded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
- B31F1/12—Crêping
- B31F1/122—Crêping the paper being submitted to an additional mechanical deformation other than crêping, e.g. for making it elastic in all directions
Definitions
- the webis first folded longitudinally, thus reducing its width to about ⁇ one-half of the original width, and then the double-ply web is readily corrugated and crinkled.
- the inventionis not ⁇ limited to a double-ply web, as the web may,- if desired, be fan-folded into a triple ply; or it may be made four ply in some cases.
- the two-pl webis formed by making two longitudina folds in the original web, so that the edges lie along the central line ofthe folded web, This folding may be done by a former similar to that usually employed for folding a web preparatory .to manufacturing bags therefrom.
- the edgesmay meet at the center of the folded web, or they may be made to overlap; but preferably they do not quitev meet, a small space being left between them, as illustrated in the drawings.
- Another feature of the inventionrelates to means for improving the quality andv appearance of the .corrugations in the web.
- rlhisis done by passing the web between' ini-- proved corrugating rolls in which the corrugations are formed in wavy lines, so that the corrugations in the finished web are correspondingly wavy.
- the corru ated webmay be regarded as a new artic e of commerce, Whether or not it is also subsequently cross-crinkled.
- rlhe wavy corruga- ⁇ tionsmay also be produced in single-ply paper when desired.
- the crinhlingis performed by means of a,v doctorblade, which has a scalloped edge to fit in the corrugations in the cylinder ⁇ around which th by? being crushed against the doctor-blade.
- the dootor-bladeis caused'to reciprocate endwise to and fro across the surface of thepcorrugating cylinder, so as to accommodate the wavy configuration of the grooves in the surface of the cylinder; the ,doctor-blade having tongues, scallops or corrugations which lit or project into said grooves.v
- Figure 1is a plan of a machine embodying the present invention in one form.
- Figure 2is a sectional side elevation taken at about the line 2 2 of Figure 1.
- Figure 31is a plan showing the two-ply web gathered laterally by means of a guide device having sets of converging grooves and bars.
- the web 10vis led from a supply roll 11, which is retarded by a weighted friction lstrap 12.
- the webpassesup over an introductory roll 13, and then downwardly and forwardly beneath aV folder comprising an inclined apron portion 14.
- the sldes of the apronconverge to constitute a former for the web, whose edges are turned over the apron.
- the folding ofthe sides of the web over the formeris aided by guide-rgJlls 16, which are arranged at the angle etween the apron and the ton ue. ⁇
- the apron and tongueare supported y a bracket 17, hung from a crossar 18 of the framework.
- guide-fingers 19beneath which t e Vfolding web passes, whereby the web is held downuponthe former.
- a space 20is'left between the adjacent edges of the folded web.
- An 'other' suitable form of folding'devicemay used, and the web may be otherwise folded into the desired number-of plies.
- the folded webpasses between power-driven pressing and drawing rolls 21 andv 22,; roll 21 being preferably spring-pressed and adjustable.
- the. paper vmay pass over-a #wetting or moistening device, ⁇ which may be of any suitable form; as for example, a sprayl pipe' 23 directing a jet of water against the upper side ofthe paper; the jet being confined by a hood 24 provided. withl va drain pipe 25, The water or steam is supplied througli a pipe 26.
- a duplicate spraying device 24, Figure 3may-be provided at a subsequent point, for moistening the top ofthe two-ply web; and it may resemble the msetmng device already described, but inve The paper may then pass under a straming bar 27, and over a roll 28, having corrugations 29 in its periphery, for co-operation with corrugations 30 in a roll 3l, to press corrugations into the wet web.
- the preliminary stepmay' be taken of gathering the web laterally into corrugations 0r pleats, by means of a converging set of tapering intermeshing bars or fingers, as illustrated at 31, Figure 3, and disclosed in said application; whereupon the gathered paper may be presented to rolls, for rolling 0r pressing the corrugations into the paper. It will be further understood that in either case the extent to which the web must yield, stretch, flow or slip laterally, is reduced onehalf because of the folded condition of the web, thereby securing the advantages already explalned.
- the roll 31is the main cylinder of the machine, and is provided with a gear iln mesh with pinion 33, connected to a pul- -tions 30 on the main cylinder 31 are preferably of wavy form, and the corrugations 29 on the roll 28 correspond therewith, so
- a roll 41 having wavy corrugations 42 to co-oper- 34may be also provided, at the delivery side of the main cylinder 31, a roll 41 having wavy corrugations 42 to co-oper- 34, over which runs a driving belt 35.
- the corrugations in the three rolls 28, 31, 41correspond' in their undulations, ⁇ s'o that the paper is properly corrugated with the wave-like cor-y rugations; while the doctor-blade carrier 44 is caused toreciprocate automatically in a manner 4to agree with the u'ndulatory course of the corrugations in the main cylinder 31 so thatthe scallops 47 in the blade follow the grooves of the cylinder;
- This reciprocation of the bladeis 'effected by means of a y roll 48l running in a peripheral' cam 49 l formed upon a cylinder 50 fixed to the cylinder 31, and having a wavy form to correspend with the undulations of the corruga' tions in the main cylinder 31, so that the blade 'is timed to move bac'k and forth in coincidencewith thel corrugations as the cylinder revolves.
- the doctor-blademay be omitted where it is not desired to crinkle the paper.
- a pair of cylinders for corrugating papersaid cylinders having meshiilig corrng'ations which extend in ⁇ wave-likc lilies around the periplieries olf the cylinders, and
- a pair ol' cylinders foreorrngating papersaid cylinders having meshing corrugations which extend in wave-like lines around the peripheries of the cylinders, a doctor-blade to cci-operate with one of said cylinders, and a roll to press the paper against one of the cylinders, to aid in carrying it to the doetoikblade.
- a pair of cylinders Jfor eorrngating papersaid cylinders having meshing cor ⁇ rugations which extend in'wavelike lins around the peripheries of the cylinders, a doctor-blade to co-operate with one of said cylinders, and a roll to press the paper against one of the cylinders, to aid in carrying it to the doctor-blade, said roll having Wave-like corrugations to mesh with-those in said cylinder.
- means to inoisten a webmeans including :1 -corrugated cylinder to form longitudinal corrugations in said web, the 'corrugations in said cylinder extending in wavy'lines around itsperiphery, a doctor-bladeto co-operate with said cylinder, said doctor-blade having scallopsv or tongues to extend into the groovesfin t-lie 75 cylinder, a cam connected to said cylinder, and means connecting said blade to said eain to be reciprocated thereby as the cylinder revolves.
- Thecombination l ⁇ ofmeans for folding a web longitudinally, means for moistening the web, means for gathering the folded web laterally, and means for transversely crinklin the gathered web.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
Description
Feb. 2 1926.
W. A. LORENZ PAPERCBINKLING Filed Deo. 9, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 2 1926.
W. A. LORENZ PAPER CRINKLING Filed Dec. 9, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 um .Qmmm EQU/W,
Patented F eb. 2, 1926. l
UNIT-ED STATES PATENT O Prior..
`UVILI'JIAI'I A. LORENZ, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTJECUT, ASSINOR TO THE OTAKA FABRIG COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION 0F CONNECTICUT.
PAPER CRINKILING.
Application led December athering paper Certain features of the apparatus 'dis-- closed herein are also disclosed in my coending application, Serial No. 346,310, filedecember 20, 1919, in which the web of paper is led through devices which flute or.y corrugate it longitudinally, aand is then carv ried against a doctorsblade which cross-- crinkles the corrugated web.
Where the web is very wide, difficulty may in some cases be encountered in gathering it Widthw-ise, since-the tendency is to effect a. substantial narrowing of the width of the web, due to forming the flutes in the paper,
and since this fluting is accompanied by a drawing of the paper laterally through the flute-forming devices Abetween which the web is pulled along. This lateral gathering of the paper engenders friction, which `is augmcnted by the intermeshing arrangement of the gathering devices; the friction/increasing with the depth of the corrugations, with consequent liability of weakening and rupture of the web.
To reduce the dilliculty from this source to a low or negligible point, the web, according to the preferred manner of practicing the present invention, is first folded longitudinally, thus reducing its width to about `one-half of the original width, and then the double-ply web is readily corrugated and crinkled. The invention, however, is not` limited to a double-ply web, as the web may,- if desired, be fan-folded into a triple ply; or it may be made four ply in some cases. By folding the web, its width is reduced sumciently to reduce the friction by half ormore, and hence to enable it to be drawn in,-
-to the required lateral gathers with little or` no difficulty. Moreover the resistanceof the paper to being ruptured at the lateral gat ering operation is doubled, since the friction for the two-ply or other fan-folded web is no greater, as it is being gathered later 9, 1920. Serial No. 429,317.
ally 'through the corrugated intermeshing guides, than would be the case witha single titl Preferably the two-pl web is formed by making two longitudina folds in the original web, so that the edges lie along the central line ofthe folded web, This folding may be done by a former similar to that usually employed for folding a web preparatory .to manufacturing bags therefrom. The edges may meet at the center of the folded web, or they may be made to overlap; but preferably they do not quitev meet, a small space being left between them, as illustrated in the drawings.
Another feature of the invention relates to means for improving the quality andv appearance of the .corrugations in the web.
rlhis is done by passing the web between' ini-- proved corrugating rolls in which the corrugations are formed in wavy lines, so that the corrugations in the finished web are correspondingly wavy. 'So far as this Vornamental effect is concerned, the corru ated web may be regarded as a new artic e of commerce, Whether or not it is also subsequently cross-crinkled. rlhe wavy corruga-` tions may also be produced in single-ply paper when desired.
lfn said co-pending application, the crinhling is performed by means of a,v doctorblade, which has a scalloped edge to fit in the corrugations in the cylinder `around which th by? being crushed against the doctor-blade. According to the resent invention, the dootor-blade is caused'to reciprocate endwise to and fro across the surface of thepcorrugating cylinder, so as to accommodate the wavy configuration of the grooves in the surface of the cylinder; the ,doctor-blade having tongues, scallops or corrugations which lit or project into said grooves.v The. cmrikled paper produced b this method 1s highly ornamental, and t is feature ofthe inven tion may apply to ,single-'ply paper as well as to superposed plies or to folded webs.
-llt will be understood that two or more superposed plies of paper may be dellvered from separate supply rolls to the machme,
and corrugated simultaneously, and also web is carried, so that the web is crinkled ce l Vture at'the corrugating voperation -as is 'inafter appear.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a plan of a machine embodying the present invention in one form.
l Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation taken at about the line 2 2 of Figure 1.
Figure 31is a plan showing the two-ply web gathered laterally by means of a guide device having sets of converging grooves and bars.-
Theweb 10 vis led from a supply roll 11, which is retarded by a weightedfriction lstrap 12. The web passesup over an introductory roll 13, and then downwardly and forwardly beneath aV folder comprising an inclined apron portion 14. The sldes of the apronconverge to constitute a former for the web, whose edges are turned over the apron. There is a horizontal extension at 15 to forma tongue portion which is a continua-tion of the folder or apron. The folding ofthe sides of the web over the former is aided by guide-rgJlls 16, which are arranged at the angle etween the apron and the ton ue.` The apron and tongue are suported y a bracket 17, hung from a crossar 18 of the framework. Thereare also rovided guide-fingers 19, beneath which t e Vfolding web passes, whereby the web is held downuponthe former. Preferably aspace 20 is'left between the adjacent edges of the folded web. An 'other' suitable form of folding'device may used, and the web may be otherwise folded into the desired number-of plies.
From thev former the folded web passes between power-driven pressing and drawing rolls 21andv 22,; roll 21 being preferably spring-pressed and adjustable. After leaving these rolls, the. paper vmay pass over-a #wetting or moistening device,` which may be of any suitable form; as for example, a sprayl pipe' 23 directing a jet of water against the upper side ofthe paper; the jet being confined by ahood 24 provided. withlva drain pipe 25, The water or steam is supplied througli a pipe 26. Aduplicate spraying device 24, Figure 3, may-be provided at a subsequent point, for moistening the top ofthe two-ply web; and it may resemble the msetmng device already described, but inve The paper may then pass under astraming bar 27, and over aroll 28, havingcorrugations 29 in its periphery, for co-operation withcorrugations 30 in a roll 3l, to press corrugations into the wet web.-
If the paper be not too heavily sized, it
willreadily. absorb water, and be suliciently dampened and softened to renderit slightly stretchable, so that the corrugations may be effectively1'olled and pressed therein without rupturing the paper. It will be understood' that, if desired, in some cases, the preliminary step may' be taken of gathering the web laterally into corrugations 0r pleats, by means of a converging set of tapering intermeshing bars or fingers, as ilustrated at 31, Figure 3, and disclosed in said application; whereupon the gathered paper may be presented to rolls, for rolling 0r pressing the corrugations into the paper. It will be further understood that in either case the extent to which the web must yield, stretch, flow or slip laterally, is reduced onehalf because of the folded condition of the web, thereby securing the advantages already explalned.
Theroll 31 is the main cylinder of the machine, and is provided with a gear iln mesh withpinion 33, connected to a pul- -tions 30 on themain cylinder 31 are preferably of wavy form, and thecorrugations 29 on theroll 28 correspond therewith, so
thatwavy corrugations 40 are formed in 105' the superposed plies of web.
There may be also provided, at the delivery side of themain cylinder 31, a roll 41 having wavy corrugations 42 to co-oper- 34, over which runs a driving belt 35.
ate with thecylinder 31 in pressing the corlm ruga-tions into the web, and to aid in carrying the web aroundcylinder 31 and crush it against a crinkling and stripping doctor-`blade 43, which extends down from a transverse bar or carrier 44; the paper in its 115 crankledl condition being u shown at `45 stripped from the cylinder, and passing from the machine-over -a delivery belt 46.
It will bel understood that the corrugations in the threerolls main cylinder 31 so thatthe scallops 47 in the blade follow the grooves of the cylinder; This reciprocation of the blade is 'effected by means of a y roll 48l running in a peripheral' cam 49 l formed upon a cylinder 50 fixed to thecylinder 31, and having a wavy form to correspend with the undulations of the corruga' tions in themain cylinder 31, so that the blade 'is timed to move bac'k and forth in coincidencewith thel corrugations as the cylinder revolves. The doctor-blade may be omitted where it is not desired to crinkle the paper.
While the invention as above described is adapted for corrugatng and crinkling wide webs, still it will be understood that a narrow web may be likewise folded and corrugated and crinkled. Either the wide or n arrow web may remain'in its folded conditlon for subsequent operation thereof to form the folded web into bags, etc. `0r the 'corrugated or crinlrledvweb may be slit longitudinally at 'its fold or folds, to make aplurality of webs, prior to being cut into sheets or otherwise utilized.
`Variations may be resorted to within' the scope of theinvention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.
Having thus described my invention, I
claim 1. The combination of means for moisten-v ing a web of paper, and a pair of rolls havingtcorrugations to co-operate to form longitudinal flutings or corrugatlons 1n the web,
y the corrugations in the rolls having wavethe corrugations in the rolls havng wavec, like configuration, a doctor-blade against which the corrugated paper is carried to ef feet cross-crinkling of the web., said doctorblade having scallops or pro]ections to extend into the grooves in one of the rolls, and means for reciprocating the doctor- .blade to correspond with the undulatory configuration of the corruga-tions in the roll.
4. Themethod of longitudinally corrugatinga web, comprising folding the web to vreduce its width, and corrugating it, while in folded form.
5. The method of corrrigatingfand curink-Ji ling a paper web, comprising vfoldingr the web to reduce its width, corrugating it longitudlnally while folded, and crinkling it while folded.
and then' corrugating it, while in folded form. p f
7. The method of longitudinally corrugating a web, comprisingl folding the web to reduce its width, then gathering it laterally and then corrugating it, while in folded form, and crinkling it while folded. l
8. The herein-described method, comprising wetting superposed fiat webs, and corvrugating them longitudinally by gripping the fiat webs in a manner to slightly stre-tch them laterally in the operation of impressing the corrugations therein.
9. The herein-described method, comprising wetting the several plies of superposed Webs, corrugating them longitudinally, and orinkling them transversely.
10. The herein-described method, comprising folding a web longitudinally, wetting the superposed vplies of web, and corrugating the web longitudinally.
'11. The herein-described method, comprising folding a web longitudinally, Wetting he upper and lower plies, and corrugatinu the plies longitudinally.'
12. The herein-described method, comprising folding a web longitudinally, wetf\`ting the upper and lower plies. corrugating `the plies longltudinally. and crinliling them7 transversely. A
13. The herein-described method, comprising folding over the side edges of a web to reduce its width about one-half, and corrugating the webY longitudinally.
14. The herein-described method, comprising folding over the side edges of a web to reducev its width about one-half, corrugating the web longitudinally, and crinkling it transversely. A t f 15. The herein-described method, comprising folding a web longitudinally, wetting the superposed plies of web, gathering the' web laterally, and then crinkling or gather- .ing the web longitudinally. l
16. The combination with means for corrugating a web longitudinally, of means for feeding superposed plies of paper webs to saidcorrugating means, whereby the superposed plies are corrugated simultaneously.
17. The `combination with corrugating means, of means for feeding superposed plies of paper webs to said corrugating means, whereby the superposed plies are corrugated simultaneously, andmeans for transversely crinlrling the superposed corrugated plies simultaneously. i Y
"18. The combination with corrugating means,` of means formoisteni'ng the superposed plies, and means for feeding superposed plies of paper webs to `said corrugating means, whereby the superposed plies are corrugated simultaneously.
19. The combination of means foiE folding a web longitudinally,y and means for corrugating the web longitudinally.
ros
20. The combination of means for folding a web longitudinally, means for corrugating the web longitudinally, and means for transversely crinkling the corrugated folded Web. 5
21. The combination of means for folding a web longitudinally, nieans for -moistening the folded web, and means for corrugating the web longitudinally.` 22. The combination of means for carry-- which the web is led from the supplyroll, and whereby it is folded over at its sides to reduce the width of the web, means for moistening the folded web, means for corrugating the moistened web, and means for crinkling the corrugated folded web.
23. A pair of cylinders for corrugating paper, said cylinders having meshiilig corrng'ations which extend in`wave-likc lilies around the periplieries olf the cylinders, and
' a doctor-blade to co-operateavith one of said cylinders.
24. A pair ol' cylinders foreorrngating paper, said cylinders having meshing corrugations which extend in wave-like lines around the peripheries of the cylinders, a doctor-blade to cci-operate with one of said cylinders, and a roll to press the paper against one of the cylinders, to aid in carrying it to the doetoikblade.
25. A pair of cylinders Jfor eorrngating paper, said cylinders having meshing cor` rugations which extend in'wavelike lins around the peripheries of the cylinders, a doctor-blade to co-operate with one of said cylinders, and a roll to press the paper against one of the cylinders, to aid in carrying it to the doctor-blade, said roll having Wave-like corrugations to mesh with-those in said cylinder.
26. The combination of a. oylinderhaving corrugations wl1ich extend in wavy lines around its periphery, a doctor-blade for said cylinder, 'said doctor-blade having tongues or scallops to project into the eorrugations in the cylinder, and power-driven means to mg a supply roll of paper, a forn'ierfover lfor said cylinder, said doctor-blade having tongues or scallops to project into the corrugations in the cylinder, said blade beingA reeiprocable endwise to follow the corruga-A tions in the cylinder.
2S. rlhe combination of a cylinder having corrugations which extend in wavy lines around its periphery, a doctor-blade for said cylinder, said doctor-blade havingtongues or scallops;- to project into the corrugations in the cylinder, a cani connected to said cylinder' to revolve therewith, and means. col@- 05 nccting said blade to said cam to be reciprocated thereby.
29. The combination of means to inoisten a web, means including :1 -corrugated cylinder to form longitudinal corrugations in said web, the 'corrugations in said cylinder extending in wavy'lines around itsperiphery, a doctor-bladeto co-operate with said cylinder, said doctor-blade having scallopsv or tongues to extend into the groovesfin t-lie 75 cylinder, a cam connected to said cylinder, and means connecting said blade to said eain to be reciprocated thereby as the cylinder revolves.
30. The combination of a device for fold- 8 ing a web longitudinally, means for gathering theffolded Web'laterally, and means for t lansversely crinkling thegathered web.
31. Thecombination l`of means for folding a web longitudinally, means for moistening the web, means for gathering the folded web laterally, and means for transversely crinklin the gathered web.
.32. T ie combination of means for folding a. web longitudinally, means for gathering the folded web laterally, means for rollin longitudinal corrugations 1n the web, an means for crinkling the corrugated web.
' VILLIAM A. LORENZ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429317AUS1571593A (en) | 1920-12-09 | 1920-12-09 | Paper crinkling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429317AUS1571593A (en) | 1920-12-09 | 1920-12-09 | Paper crinkling |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1571593Atrue US1571593A (en) | 1926-02-02 |
Family
ID=23702722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429317AExpired - LifetimeUS1571593A (en) | 1920-12-09 | 1920-12-09 | Paper crinkling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1571593A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1125754B (en)* | 1955-02-15 | 1962-03-15 | Mueller Paul A | Process for the production of a grooved, absorbent material from paper |
| US5656134A (en)* | 1994-10-11 | 1997-08-12 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Biaxially undulatory tissue and creping process using undulatory blade |
| US5685954A (en)* | 1994-10-11 | 1997-11-11 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Biaxially undulatory tissue and creping process using undulatory blade |
| US6425983B1 (en) | 1994-10-11 | 2002-07-30 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, creped paper, and method of manufacturing paper |
| US6527913B1 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 2003-03-04 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, system, and method for creping a cellulosic web |
- 1920
- 1920-12-09USUS429317Apatent/US1571593A/ennot_activeExpired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1125754B (en)* | 1955-02-15 | 1962-03-15 | Mueller Paul A | Process for the production of a grooved, absorbent material from paper |
| US5656134A (en)* | 1994-10-11 | 1997-08-12 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Biaxially undulatory tissue and creping process using undulatory blade |
| US5685954A (en)* | 1994-10-11 | 1997-11-11 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Biaxially undulatory tissue and creping process using undulatory blade |
| US5690788A (en)* | 1994-10-11 | 1997-11-25 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Biaxially undulatory tissue and creping process using undulatory blade |
| US6425983B1 (en) | 1994-10-11 | 2002-07-30 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, creped paper, and method of manufacturing paper |
| US6451166B1 (en) | 1994-10-11 | 2002-09-17 | Fort James Corporation | Biaxially undulatory tissue and creping process using undulatory blade |
| US6540879B2 (en) | 1994-10-11 | 2003-04-01 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, creped paper, and method of manufacturing paper |
| US6709548B2 (en) | 1994-10-11 | 2004-03-23 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, creped paper, and method of manufacturing paper |
| US6527913B1 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 2003-03-04 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, system, and method for creping a cellulosic web |
| US20030106656A1 (en)* | 1999-10-07 | 2003-06-12 | Fort James Corporation | Creping blade, system, and method for creping a cellulosic web |
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