US1493820A - Fuel-oil burner - Google Patents

Description

, May 13, 1934.

c. D. MILLER FUEL oIL BURNER Filed Jan. 2v2, 1920 will A -llllllllll A I 1g enema any is, i924.

TE TATES cnaf. n. MILLER, or CHICAGO, rLLrNos.

FUEL-OIL Burman.

Application filed January 22, 1929. Serial No. 353,275.

To all whom t may concern Be it known tht I, 'CARL D. `MILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new `and useful improvements in Fuel-Oil Burners, of which the following is a specication.`

My invention relates to fuel oil burners, and particularly to a burner for bringing together oil and air for atomization, thereby supplying a fuel in the nature of a fine spray. My invention contemplates the use of a fuel oil burner for atomizing fuel by bringing oil into contact with air under pressure whereby ato-mization takes place so that the atomized fuel when ignited will burn with the highest degree of eliiciency.

One of the objects of invention is to provide a fuel oil burner or atomizer of such a nature that the combustion which takes place as the sprayed or atomized oil and air are brought together will occur at a point or area remotefrom or clear of the nozzles of the burner, thereby eliminating the objectionable feature heretofore experienced in atomizers of eventually destroying the spray nozzles by reason of the heat generated at the nozzles. i

Another object of my invention is to provide a method and meansr of supplying air in the neighborhood of atomized fuel for perfecting combustion, which air is supplied from the atmosphere, and by the compressed air which is required for initial combustion and atomization eliminating the necessity of providing means for delivering the excess air supply to the atomizer which is required in fuel oil burners in use at'the i' present time.

Another object of my invention isto improve fuel oil burners for successful kcommercial use.

The above and other objects will be` apparent from an inspection of the drawing which is shown on the accompanying sheet, and which is somewhat diagrammatic in form. f

ln carrying out my invention, I employ a pipe for the fuel oil or kerosene and another v pipe for compressed air, each pipe terminating in a nozzle, and the nozzles being so associated that the axis of one is at an angle to the axis of the other, and both so arranged that the flow from the nozzles ,willr meet at a point distant from the ends of the nozzlesi In the form whichl have chosen to illustrate my invention. there is employed an oil supply pipe 5 and also a compressedair supply pipe 6, each of these pipes beingfconnected to `a suitable source of supply. ends of the pipes terminate in nozzles 7 and 8 respectively, theaxis of the nozzle 8., which is the nozzle of the air line, being in alignmentwith the end portion of the pipe; while the nozzle 7 lof the oil line is bent and directed towards the nozzle 8 so `that the flow from the nozzle- 7 will meet the flow from the nozzle 8 at a point distant from the ends ofthe nozzles. The ends of thepipes 5 and 6 are suitably mounted in a bracket 9fso that that nozzles 7 and` 8 may be adjusted relative to each other to provide the proper mixture of oil and air and also to controlwithin certain ,limits the size of the flame.

It will be noted that with this arrangement I lhave providedan atomizer or `fuel oil burner of such a nature that the products which 'combine to form a combustible fuel are combined at a point distant from the nozzles, and therefore the heat generated by the combustion is removed from the nozzles and consequently the life of the nozzles prolonged indefinitely. Then, too, the bringing together ofy the oil and air at a point remote from the nozzles increases the atomization to a highly efficient point. By employing compressed air and also by supplying the oil under pressure, which l pre- ,fer to do, the air is not used as an aspirating means to move the oil in the oil supply pipe, consequently themovement is such that the air is free to mingle with the oil which is delivered from the nozzle by means other than that due to the movement of the air.`

`In order-to supply additional air to the area of combustion adjacent the nozzles I provide a pipe 10 which may be of iron and of commercial size and shape, `supported at one end in a T 11,' one end o which T 'communicates with a 'pipe 12 to the interior of` whichy entrance yisy made through anotherT 13, one of the openings thereof being open tothe air. `rTheT 13 Thepipe 6 by being threaded into the T 19 therein. At the other end of the pipe 10 is mounted a T 20, one end of which receives a thimble 21 in lwhich is carried acollar 22 for adjustably supporting the air andoil supply pipes 5 and 6. This T carries the clamp 9 for adjusting the relative position of the oil and air supply pipes. It may now be observed that as compressed air is directed through the air supply pipe 6 a small amount thereof is directed through the jet 18, thereby by aspiration drawing the air in from the atmosphere through the opening in theT 13 and directing the same to the region of combustion adjacent the nozzles 7 and 8, thereby supplying to the combustible fuel the necessary amount of air for perfecting combustion. The jet 18 is so mounted as to be moved inwardly or outwardly to permit the adjustment of the supply of the proper amount of air. In the drawings the atomized fuel is shown as being directed downwardly into a fire pot. For igniting the fuel I position a. pilot 23 carried in a bracket 24: secured to the masonry defining the lire pot and which pilot is connected with a gas main for providing` a pilot light 25 whereby the fuel formed by means of my atomizer is ignited.

The feature of supplying the atomized fuel with the proper amount of air by means of a jet in communication with the air supply line is advantageous in that no additional means are required for supplying this air other than the means necessary to compress to the proper pressure the air supplied for the initial combustion. Furthermore, by delivering the oil under pressure the air lis called on for aspirating purposes only so far4 as is necessary to direct theatmospheric air into proper communication with the atomized fuel. By my invention it ispossible to elimina-te the mechanical means for creating a forced draft or stream of air now employed. I accomplish the same 'end by utilizing compressed air in a jet from the same source supplying the air for atomization, by the aspirating effect of which the air from the atmosphere is delivered to the combustion zone.

By mounting the oil or air delivery pipes in suitable manner it is possible to direct the flame of combustion in any direction desirable. For instance, it may be directed horizontally, obliquely or vertically,'either upwardly or downwardly. If such an arrangement is made then suitable swivel joint connections would be interposed in the oil and air supply pipes to permit these to be movedabout` a horizontal axis through the pipe 10. I have found in practicing my invention that the force of gravity is negligible as far as the point where the two streams of fuel and air meet is concerned, and that it does notact to influence the atomization to any appreciable extent.

1lllhile I have described more or less pre-- cisely the details of construction of my invention, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, as I contemplate changes in form and tfhe proportion of parts and substitution 0f equivalents as circumstances may suggest or render expedient, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. In an atomizer of the class described, including an oil supply pipe and an air supply pipe, said pipes terminating in nozzles, one of said pipes being bent to direct the flow therefrom into the path of flow of the other in the open atmosphere at a point clear of either of said nozzles, and means operative from said air pipe for supplying air from the atmosphere to the arca of combustion.

2. In an atomizer of the class described, including an oil supply pipe and an air supply pipe, said pipes terminating` in nozzles, one of said pipes being bent'to direct the flow therefrom into the path otv flow of the other at a point clear of either of said nozzles, means for adjust-ing the relative position of said nozzles, and means operative from said a-irpipe for supplying air from the atmosphere to the area of combustion.

3. In a device of the class described comprising intersecting air and fuel jets meeting in a combustion zone, means for supplying air to the combustion zone, including a jet in communication with the air which is supplied for the atoinization and initial combustion, a, casing surrounding said jet and having a discharge opening near the combustion zone and also having an opening communicating with the at mosphere at a point behind saidjet in the direction of the `travel of the aspirated air.

4. In an atomizer ofthe class described, including an oil supply pipe and an air supply pipe, said pipes terminating in nozzles adapted-r todischarge intersecting streams, a secondary air supply pipe termi- DatingA adjacentthe intersection of theV nozzle streams, the opposite end ot` said secondary air supply pipe being open tothe atmosphere, and a seconda-ry air nozzle directed into said pipe to induce vflow therethrough.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 13th day ofl January, 1920.

CARL D. MILLER.

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