US1421841A - Fluid-translating device - Google Patents

Description

H. F. SCHMIDT.

FLUID TRANSLATING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT- wr I9I4. RENEWED 05c. 30. I921.

1,421,841. Patented July 4, 1922.

IN VE N TOR.

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY F. SCHMIDT, OF SWARTHMORE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB T0 WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

FLUID 'I'EANSLATIN G DEVICE.

Application filed September 14, 1914, Serial No. 861,630. Renewed December 80, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY F. SCHMIDT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Swarthmore, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Fluid-Translating Devices, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fluid translating devices of the kinetic type; that is, devices employing the kinetic energy of the motive fluid in expelling the compressing fluid or medium from a region of lower to a region of higher pressure.

An object of the invention is to produce a fluid translating device or ejector in which means are employed for automatically varying the effective area of the fluid delivery passages in response to variations in the amount of fluid to be ejected or moved from a region of lower to a region of higher .pressu re.

These and other objects, which will be made apparent to those skilled in the art, throughout the further description of the invention, are attained by means of apparatus embodying the features herein described and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this application.

In the single sheet drawing I have illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 1 a sectional view of an ejector apparatus embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of an arrangement of nozzles which may be employed in the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional new of a relay mechanism which may be employed in connection with the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1.

The apparatus illustrated includes a suction chamber 2, which communicates with aconverging combining tube 3 through a diffuser 4. The combiningtube 3 is shown as formed integrally with a divergent diffuser 5, which isaxially alined with the diffuser 4. As illustrated, an annular series of nozzles, as shown'in plan in Fig. 2, or a single annular nozzle 7 is shown surrounding the outlet of the diffuser 4 and so arranged as to deliver a stream or annular jet of fluid through the combining tube and into the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented luly 4, 1922.

diffuser 5. The nozzle 7 communicates with apressure chamber 8 which receives motive fluid from any source of fluid under pressure through a port 9. The nozzle 7 .is provided with divergent walls and is so proportioned that it will expand motive fluid from initial pressure to the pressure normally existing in the combiningtube 3.

In order to prevent upsetting, that is, a breaking down of the pressure at the outlet of the diffuser 5 to that in the combiningtube 3 or in the suction chamber 2, I have provided means for delivering an auxiliary supply of fluid through the difl'user 4 and into the combiningtube 3 when the amount of fluid issuing from the diffuser 4 and the nozzle 7 is insuflicient to fill the throat of the diffuser 5.

This, and an additional function, which will hereinafter be described, is accomplished by means of an auxiliary fluid supply nozzle 11, which is axially alined with the nozzle 4 and is adapted to deliver varying quantities of motive fluid which are approximately in versely proportional to the quantity of medium entering the chamber 2 through theport 12, thus maintaining a substantially constant rate of flow through the diffuser 4 for all operating conditions.

The nozzle 11 receives motive fluid from achamber 15, which communicates with a ,source of fluid existing at any pressure above that existing in the chamber 2. through aport 16. The delivery of fluid through the nozzle 11 is shown controlled by a needle valve 17, which is capable of moving automatically to admit more fluid to the nozzle as the pressure at thethroat 18 of the diffuser 5 decreases.

In order to accomplish this automatic operation of the valve, I have shown it provided with apiston 19 which operates within acylinder 20 in response to variations in pressure at thethroat 18 of the diffuser 5. The upper or outer end of'the cylinder is shown connected to the threat by means of apassage 19, and I have provided acoiled spring 21 for opposing motion of thepiston 19 in response to the pressure transmitted through thepipe 19. In order that the pressure transmitted through thepipe 19 may-be capable of moving thepiston 19, I connect the lower end of the cylinder with Serial No. 526,029.

the chamber 2 or any source of pressure which is normally lower than that existing in the throat of the nozzle, and I have shown apassage 22 connecting the lower end of thecylinder 20 with the chamber 2. By properly proportioning the tension of thespring 21, with relation to the area of the piston, it will be apparent that the valve 17 will move in response to variations in pressure within the chamber 2 andthroat 18 and will deliver varying quantities of fluid in response to variations of pressure within thethroat 18, or in response to variations in the amount of fluid or medium entering the diffuser, so as to maintain a substantially constant flow of fluid through'thethroat 18 of the diffuser.

I preferably construct the nozzle 11 and its controlling valve 17 so that the flow of fluid through it will never be entirely closed ofl', so that it will always aid in maintaining as great a difference in pressure between the chamber 2 and the outlet of the nozzle of the diffuser as is possible. With this arrangement, the nozzle 11 not only operates as a filling nozzle for the diffuser 5, but it also operates as an accelerating nozzle since the motive fluid delivered by it accelerates the fluid or medium existing in the chamber 2, and also delivers it to the combiningtube 3, where it is subjected to the action of the motive or impelling fluid or medium delivered by the nozzle or nozzles 7.

This function of the nozzle 11 is important, since the shock occasioned by the intermingling of the medium to be impelled and the impelling medium issuing from the nozzle 7, is materially reduced, and lthe e'fliciency of the apparatus is materially increased beyond what it would be if the nozzle 11 were not employed. This gain in efliciency results from the fact that the nozzle 11 delivers a relatively small amount of motive or impelling fluid as compared to the nozzle 7 and consequently the loss occasioned by the shock resultin from the entraining or intermingling of this fluid with the substantially quiescent fluid or medium of the chamber 2 is insignificant when compared to the ener y rendered available by the combined nozz es. The efliciency may be still further increased by supplying the nozzle 11 with motive fluid at a lower pressure than that of the motive fluid supplied to the nozzle 7, since the velocity of the fluid issuing from the nozzle 11 will thereby be reduced and the losses occasioned by its impact with the medium in the chamber 2 will also be reduced.

In the drawing I have shown a steadying piston23 for the valve 17, which operates in a manner similar to the operation of a dashpot and prevents immaterial fluctuations in pressure from affecting the operation of the valve. It will be understood that, under certain operating conditions, it may be desirable to operate the valve 17 through the agency of a relay, in which case thepipes 19 and 22 would communicate with the relay and the relay would control the delivery of actuating fluid to thecylinder 20. Under such conditions the steadyin piston could be connected to either the va ve or its controllin relay.

In ig. 3, I have illustrated a related mechanism suitable for this purpose. As shown it consists of a relativelylarge cylinder 25 to each end of which one of thepipes 22 and 19 from the ejector are connected. A piston 26 within thecylinder 25 is responsive to pressure variations as "transmitted by thepipes 22 and 19 and directly controls a pilot valve 27, which controls the delivery of actuating fluid to and from thecylinder 20. I have also shown thepiston 29 of adash pot 28 as operatively connected to the piston 26 to prevent a response on the part of the latter to minor and discontinuous pressure fluctuations.

While I have illustrated and described but one embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, that the drawing is merely illustrative, and that various changes, substitutions, additions and omissions may be made in the apparatus without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber to which medium to be compressed is delivered, an ejector device communicating with said chamber for receiving medium therefrom and for compressing it to a relatively high pressure, means for delivering impelling fluid to said device for accelerating the medium of said chamber before delivering it to said device and for delivering a stream of filler fluid to the diffuser of said device, and means for varying the amount of filler fluid delivered in accordance with variations in the amount of fluid to be compressed.

2. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber receiving fluid to be expelled, an ejector device communicating with said chamber for expelling medium therefrom, means for delivering a jet of filling fluid centrally to the diffuser of said device, and means responsive to variations in the amount of fluid to be expelled for varying the amount of filling fluid delivered.

3. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber receivting fluid to be expelled, an ejector device communicating with said chamber for expelling medium therefrom, and means responsive to variations in the amount of medium entering said chamber for delivering a stream of filling fluid to the difluser of said device.

4. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber receiving fluid to be expelled, an ejector device communicating with said chamber for expelling medium therefrom, means for partially compressing the medium of said chamber and delivering it to said device and for delivering a stream of filling fluid to said device, and means for varying the amount of filling fluid delivered to compensate for variations in the amount of fluid expelled.

5. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber receiving fluid to be expelled, an ejector device communicating with said chamber for expelling medium therefrom, a nozzle for delivering a stream of filling fluid to said device, and means responsive to variations in pressure within said chamber for controlling the deliver of fluid from said nozzle.

6. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber receiving fluid to be expelled, a nozzle projecting into said chamber for delivering a stream of expelling fluid, and means responsive to variations 1n the amount of fluid to be expelled for varying the effective area of said nozzle.

7. In combination in an ejector, a mixing chamber from which fluid is to be expelled, a diffuser communicating with said chamber, a nozzle for delivering a stream of motive fluid into and through said chamber and diffuser, and means res nsive to variations in the amount of fluid to be expelled for varying the effective area of said nozzle.

8. In combination in an ejector, a mixin chamber, a diffuser communicating with sai chamber, a nozzle for delivering motive fluid into and through said chamber and nozzle, and a movable valve projecting into the throat of said nozzle for varying the effec tive area of the nozzle throat, to compensate lfjor variations in pressure within said cham- 9. In combination in an ejecting device, a mixing chamber from which flu'id is to be expelled, a diffuser communicating with said chamber, a. nozzle for delivering fluid into and through said chamber and diffuser, a second ejector communicating with the diffuser and means responsive to variations in the amount of fluid to be expelled for varying the effective area of the nozzle.

10. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a passage from which medium is to be exhausted, a diffuser through which medium from the passage is expelled, a fluid delivery nozzle for delivering expelling fluid through the diffuser, and means responsive to variations in the amount of medium entering said assage for changing the expansion ratio of die nozzle by varying the relative positions of its walls.

11. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a passage from which medium is to be exhausted, a diffuser through which medium from the passage is expelled, a fluid delivery nozzle for delivering expelling fluid through the diffuser, and means responsive to the pressure within said passage for increasing the delivcrv of fluid through said nozzle as the pressure within the passage increases.

12. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a passage from which medium is to be exhausted, a difl'user through which medium from the passage is expelled, a fluid delivery nozzle for delivering expelling fluid through the diffuser, and means responsive to varlations in the amount of medium enterin said passage fordecreasing the amount of motive fluid delivered to said nozzle, as the amount of medium entering the passage decreases.

13. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a diffuser communicating with a suction port of the ap aratus, a main delivery nozzle, an accelerating nozzle for delivering expelling medium through the diffuser, and means responsive to variations in the amount of medium entering the port for controlling the delivery of fluid to said accelerating nozzle.

14. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a diffuser communicating with a suction port of the apparatus, a nozzle for delivering a jet of fluid through the diffuser to move medium entering the port through the diffuser, a fluid supply chamber communicating with said nozzle for delivering fluid thereto, a needle valve extending through said chamber, and adapt ed to project into the fluid receiving end of said nozzle to vary the area of the throat of the nozzle, and means responsive to variations in the amount of fluid entering said suction port for controlling the operation of said needle valve.

15. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a passage from which medium is to be exhausted, a diffuser throu h which medium from the passage is expell ad, a fluid delivery nozzle for delivering expelling fluid through the diffuser, a needle, valve projecting into said nozzle and movable to vary the effective area of the nozzle, and means responsive to variations in the amount of medium entering the passage for controlling the operation of said in the amount of fluid entering the apparatus through the suction port for varying the expansion ratio of said nozzle.

17. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a diffuser communicating with a suction port of the apparatus and through which fluid enter ng the port is dischar ed, a nozzle for delivering expelling fluid tirough the diffuser, a second diffuser communicatin with the outlet of the first mentioned di user, means for discharging expelling fluid through the second diffuser, a valve projecting into said nozzle and movable to vary the effective area of the nozzle, and means responsive to variations in pressure at the inlet to said first mentioned diffuser and at the throat of the second diffuser for controlling the movements of said valve.

18. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from which fluid is to be exhausted, a diffuser communicating with said chamber, a nozzle projectinginto said chamber for dischargin expe 1 di user, a second diffuser communicating with the outlet of the first diffuser, means for discharging expelling fluid through the second diffuser, and a valve responsive to variations in the differential pressures between said chamber and the throat of the second diffuser for controlling the operation of said nozzle. 7

19. In combination in an apparatus of ng fluid into and through said the character described, a chamber from which medium is to be exhausted, a diffuser communicating with said chamber, a nozzle for delivering ex ellin fluid through said diffuser, a secon di user commumcatin with the outlet of the first mentioned di fuser, means for discharging expelling fluid through the second diffuser means for controlling the delivery of motive fluid through said nozzle, and means responsive to variations in pressure within the second difi'user for controlling the operation of said nozzle controlling means.

20. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from which medium is to be exhausted, a diffuser communicating with said chamber,a nozzle for delivering expellin fluid through said diffuser, a second di user communicatingwith the first diffuser, means for discharging expelling fluid through the second diffuser, a movable valve projecting into the throat of said nozzle, and means responsive to variations in pressure within the second diffuser for controlling the operation of said valve.

HENRY F. SCHMIDT.

Witnesses:

C. W McGrms, E. M. MCCALLISTEB.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,421,841, granted July 4, 1922, lipon the application of Hcnry F. Schmidt, of Swarthmorc, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Fluid-Translating Devices, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 1,1ino 12, for the article the read or} page 4, line 42,claim 19, after the word fiifiuser insert a comma, and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections thercin am the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflioa.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of August, A. D., 1922.

[arm] m1. FENNING,

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