US1229050A - Respirator. - Google Patents

Description

R. DONALD.

RESPIRATOR.

APPLICAHON FILED MAn.29.1911.

1,229,050., Patented Jun@ 5, 1917.

' 2 sHEETs-sHEET l.

R. DONALD.

RESPIRATGR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.29. 1.917.

1 ,229,050 Patented June 5, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1n: umm/s rsrzns cammzmurna., wAsumamN, n cA vao ROBERT DUNALD, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

RESPIRATOR.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, i917.

Application led March 29, 1917. Serial No. 158,432.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT DONALD, a subject of His Majesty the King of England, and resident of Highgate Road, in the county of London, Kingdom of England, have invented a certain new and useful Respirator, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to respirators or inhalers of the kind that may be fitted with inhalation and exhalation valves.

According to the chief features of the present invention the improved respirator or inhaler comprises a closed bag or bags which may contain filtering substance and chemicals and adapted to be held convenient to the nose and mouth of the wearer and being provided with inhalation connections valved or otherwise leading from the interior of the bag or bags to the nose and optionally with an exhalation mouthpiece and non-return valve leading to the atmosphere.

The bags where two or more are employed may be arranged one within another or otherwise in any convenient manner and may be formed of various materials to; suit the various chemicals or other substances for combating various harmful matters, the materials thus being for instance woven or felted fabrics of vegetable, of animal or of mineral fiber, or being molded or otherwise formed sheet material such as rubber or mackintosh or iron or other metal coated if necessary and perforated as required. The filtering substance may serve also to separate and to distend the bags and it may be vegetable or animal or mineral fiber such as cocoanut fiber, coarse sheeps wool, horsehair, asbestos fiber or the like. The chemicals or other medicaments may be various according to the harmful matters to be combated, e. g., for chlorid, bromin, oXids of nitrogen, carbonyl chlorid and similar gases sodium thiosulfate with an alkali such as sodium bicarbonate. The purified air is conveyed from theinnermost or the last bag of the series to the nostrils by a pair of tubes of rubber, metal orfthe like. The fitting of the tubes to the nostrils may be rendered airtight by the addition of a packing, pneumatic or otherwise, or by the addition of the known device of nostril-tting pieces or by other devices as hereinafter described.

Although with a little practice the mouth may be used as a valve almost automatically, yet as a precaution a mouth-fiap with a valve may be added. The mouth-flap may consist of a prolongation of the outer bag as hereinafter described, or it may consist of a suitably formed flap of thin fabric. The eXhalation-valve might be of any known type permissible and p suitable. But the valve preferably used is formed of a simple thin fabric, that is, of a fabric alone such as oiled silk, mackintosh, rubber or the like, without the adjunct of a stiff valveseat.

The strap for holding the respirator in position convenient to the mouth and the nose may have a special form; the part that passes over the scalp may consist of a permanent loop one band of which passes behind and the other in front of the occiput.

Above have been described the main features of the respirator; below are given the constructional details of one form of respirator designed for combating such noxious vapors as are antidoted by an alkali or an alkali with an antichlor.

In the presence of an alkali, vegetable fabric and vegetable fiber are of course used as a filtering and distending substance. Washed unbleached Turkey toweling of linen or of cotton, tried in my earliest eX- periments were unsurpassed. `Of this fabric wet with solution of hypo and sodium bicarbonate two layers as bags proved effective in rendering thoroughly unirritating the air breathed in an atmosphere containing at least 5% of bromin.

A respirator of two `bags one inside the other is hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which z* Figure 1 is an elevation of this form of respirator as seen from behind.

Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of such a respirator showing same applied to the mouth and nose of a wearer;

Fig. 3 is an opened out plan view killustrating a convenient method of making up lthe respirator; it shows the two pieces of toweling laid flat the one on the other.

Fig. l is -a detail view of a shaped vnasal connection piece.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of a slightly modified formV of nasalA fitting;

Fig. 6 is a detail view showing a petticoat valve arranged on one of the nose tubes.

y Fig. 7 is a detail sectional View of the exhalation valve; and

Fig. 8 is an end elevation of said valve.

As shown a respirator comprising two bags oneinside the other is made from two pieces of toweling a Z9 conveniently about 16");8 and 9x7 respectively. In the larger piece a are formed two holes a a2 which are reinforced by tape or by button- Lheling and are' made of a size to grip the rubber tube c. of the exhalation valve as itv passes through the outery baga. To form a ksleeve through which fresh yantichlor chargesv may be introduced preferablyinto the space between thetwo bags, a piece of' unbleachedcotton or linen d is attached along one edge of the larger piece of towelingu, as shown in Figs. l and 3. The Smaller piece of material Z2 has two wedges c cut from it to leave, later on, a notch in the lower edge of the sewn up inner bag to allow the exhalation valve c as mentioned to pass; also it has a suit-able layer of clean cocoanut liber stitched to its surface that lwill be the outer surface of the inner bag.

' ing. Through these two holes g are passed the two nose tubes 7L.

Molded soft rubber nostril pieces z' and j such as shown in Figs. 4 and' 5 respectively, :may be attach-ed to the rubber metal or like tubes h. Fig. 6 illustrates a nostril fitting piece 'having a d-isk 0r washer 176 of thin rubber or other suitable l'material passed over it so as to form a crinoline or an open umbrella which will press against the inner surface of the nose and act as a valve to prevent the inha-V lation of untreated or contaminated ain As the finished bag has its fold or upper edge immediately above the taped patch f the patch and the nose tubes 71. will vwhen the bag is in position as showninF ig. 2 point backward as well as upward. A petticoat valve" as described above may be placed on each tube.

The material Z) forming the inner bag is now sewn up without tapeabinding. Thev buckle n.

however be turned inside outv if or when desired to leave the mouth more free.

The two taped holes a a2 for the passage of the exhalation valve c may be joined by 'a short tube Z of calico or other material 75 vto form f acomplete tubethrough'which the rubber tube c containing the valve may pass. Each end of the calico tube is turnedA back and out and the line of folding is stitched to the tape of the hole. vThe respirator .is finished. kby sewing on at the level of the lower ledge of the'nishedsleeve l the supporting strap m, asshown, and its When the'charge of about an ounce of 85 antichlor `mixture is introduced through the charging sleeve Z the sleeve is tied and tucked in. rIfhe bag nowneeds only wetting'before use.

What. I claim istv l. A respirator comprising a. porous bag adapted to contain chemicals for absorbing obnoxious and injurious gases and vapors, tubes leading from the interior of the bag to the nose, an exhalation non-return yvalve leading to the atmosphere, and a sleeve attached to the bag for the introduction of fresh charges to the same.

9.. A respirator comprising aclosed porous bag adapted to contain a ltering substance and chemicals adapted to absorb lobnoxious and injurious gases and vapors,

means. for the introduction of fresh charges to the same, ltubes leading from the interior of the bag to the nose, and an exhalation non-return valved tube extending through said bag and lprojecting therefrom at `both f ends, one end ofsaid tube opening into the atmosphere and the other end being adapted to be supported in the mouth( 8. A respirator comprising inner and outerA porous bags adapted to receive between them chemicals for absorbing injurious and obnoxious gases and vapors, and tubes leading from the' inner bag through the outer bag to the nose.

LA respirator comprising inner and outer porous bags adapted to receive -between them chemicals for absorbing injurious'and obnoxious gases, .tubes leading from the inner bag through the outer .bag to the nose, a sleeve connected to the outer bag for the introductionrof fresh charges Abetween the bags, and an exhalation non- 5. A respirator comprising inner and outer porous bags adapted to receive between them chemicals for absorbing injurious and obnoxious gases, tubes leading from 5 the inner bag through the outer bag to the nose, and a sleeve connected to the outer bag for the introduction of fresh charges between the bags, the outer bag being formed with a pouch or Hap to fit the Wearers chin. 1o

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

ROBERT DONALD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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