US1160451A - Combined fracture and orthopedic operating-table. - Google Patents

Description

c. a. smromi. COMBINED FRACTURE' AND ORTHOPEDIC OPERATING TABLE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 6. 19M.

Patented. Noir. l6

3 SHEETS-SHEET I C. H. SANFORD.

COMBINED FRACTURE AND ORIHOPEDIC OPERATING TABL'E.

APPLICATION FILED APR-6. I914.

v Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SIIEET 2.

mall! "(2. H. SANFORD. comsmw FRACTURE AND ORTHOPEDIC OPERATING TABLE.

APPLICATION HI ED APR. 6. 1914.

Patentd Nov. 16, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- hWE/ITM f ATTORNEY CHARLES H. fsanronn, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMBINED FRACTURE AND ORTHOPEDIC OPERATING-TABLE.

Specification of Letters Patent;

Patented Nov. 16, 1915.

Application filed April 6, 1914. Serial No. 829,812.

vented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Fracture and Orthopedic Operating-Tables, of which the following is a specification.

The device, the subject of this invention is intended as a particularly efiicient and simple means for treating dislocations of the hip which are either very difiicult or impossible'by manual manipulation alone, and to maintain the reduction during the application of the plaster of Paris dressing. With my construction it is not necessary to remove the patient from the table for or during the application of the plaster dressing. My device is also well adapted for the treatment of fractures or for a treatment of the limbs for any cause. It is my intention to construct my device in a particularly simple manner and thus to reduce the number of assistants required, and yet to hold the patient in proper and in a convenient position during the entire treatment.

The general construction of the table makes it especially valuable for all fracture work of the legs or arms whether by the open or closed method of treatment andit enables the surgeon to make the reduction by traction and to maintain it accurately during a repair or the application of the dressing and without disturbing the relationship of the fragments, so apt to occur when an assistant holds the parts.

The traction apparatus is so designed that the surgeon has free access to all aspects of the limb and changes in the position or de gree of traction are possible without limiting the field of operation or interfering with the asepsis.

The body supports are so proportioned and arranged that a full spica may be applied which will include the foot and extend well up on the chest while the patient is held upon the table.

All of the parts are quickly removable thus they present no obstacle to the free application of the bandage and I have even arranged that though certain parts are included in the bandage they may be removed without cutting, thus maintaining the full strength of the plaster,

The construction and operation of my table and the many advantages to be derived therefrom, together with the methods of operation Will be set forth as the specification progresses- The following is what I consider the best means of carrying out this invention.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, in which'- Figure 1 shows a plan view of my table upon which is secured only a sufiicient portion of a body and legs to illustrate the operation of the device. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the table. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 show parts removed. Fig. 3 shows the adjustable clamping means for the iliac bones. Fig. 4 shows the hand wheel for adjusting these clamps. Fig. 5 shows the trochanteric push. Fig. 6 shows the traction arm. Fig. 7 the adjustable clamp for the trochanteric push and Fig. 8 the dial by the means of which adduction and abduction is maintained.

Similar reference numerals indicate like parts in the figures where they appear. The table proper I construct of tubing, joining the separate parts with standard or special couplings, elbows or Ts as the occasion may-require. The table is supported by a plurality oflegs 1 and 2 and I arrange a leg at each corner of the table making four in all. These legs may be of any convenient height, but I have found that a table about thirty four inches high will be convenient for use under most conditions.

I arrange my table so that it will have an upper and a lower frame as shown at 3 and 4:. Supported near one end of the upper frame and slidably mounted thereon is thebody rest 5, held at a convenient height by thebrackets 6 and 7. Athumb screw 8, enables me to adjust the position of the body rest to any point desired and it also enables me to remove the body rest when it is no longer wanted. Upon this rest the main portion of the body or the trunk will he supported. For convenience in apply ing the dressing and for obtaining an uninterrupted manipulation of the limbs I may taper the inner end of the body rest as indicated at 9 10and for purpose of a closer application of the plaster bandage I prefer that thebody rest 5 should be concaved at the tapered end and its concave side'should be uppermost.

Immediately in front of the tapered end of the table I arrange the sacral rest 11,

ion

supported upon apost 12 which is adjustably secured to the lower frame 4. This sacral rest is thin and preferably constructed of sheet metal and is shaped to closely fit the body. Upon thepost 12, I arrange a clamp 13 which is shown in plan and on a larger scale in F i 7 This clamp is adjustable longitudina y upon thepost 12 and is adapted to be secured thereon bi}; means of the hand operatedscrew 14. T e clamp is provided with jaws 15 operable by means of a bolt 16 and handle 17. Between the jaws 15 I place the ball 18 through which a screwthreaded rod 19 is free to pass, and upon the upper end of the rod 19 I arrange thetrochanteric push 20. From this construction it will be observed that the angle, or position of the trochanteric pushmay be changed and adjusted at will and I provide a thumb-nut 21 for adjusting the height of the trochant'eric push or for changing the height when occasion may demand.-

Supported upon across bar 22 and adjustable thereon I arrange a plurality of obliquely projecting members or bars 23 and adjustably secured to each of the bars .is aclamp 24 operated by means of a suitable bolt and ahand wheel 25. Secured to,the

bolt and normally arranged one upon each side of the body are clamps 26 between whichthe body is securely held against a sidewise, vertical or longitudinal motion to prevent tilting of the pelvis. These clamps are so shaped that they fit the anterior superior spine and the crest of the iliac bones. Because of the construction of theblocks 24 these clamps are adjustable in all of their actions,'that is they are'rotatable upon the rods 23 adjustable longitudinally thereon and the clamps may. because of the roundedportion 26 of theblock 24 and the operation thereon of a similarly rounded block be'partially rotated on a transverse I axis, thus the upper end of each clamp may be caused to extend to a greater or less distance over the adjacent portion of the body. It willbe noted that thecross bar 22 is adjustable longitudinally upon theupper frame 3, for a purpose that will appear obvious. v

'At 28 I have shown what I am pleased to call a perineal post, this member however is a'plurality of posts set two in front and one behind upon a block which is adjustable toward or away from the perineum. The forward posts areeach provided with a roller or easily rotatable sleeve to prevent abrasion of the skin when traction is used. The other post may carry a plate to support and steady the symphysis pubis is found necessary or desirable. Theblock 29 that supports these posts is arranged upon a plurality of parallel and angle bars 30, which are engaged in'a clamp 31', upon a conveniently angled portion of the frame. This clamp is of the device is secured by means of a sim1- lar casting. Each of these castings has a square perforation as indicated at 36, and a thumb nut as indicated at 37, and the parts that are intended to fit into the perforations 36 are each provided with a square shank such as is shown at 38 in Fig. .6. At 39. I show an arm which is intended to hold the sound extremity and which is, by means of the turn-stile 40 adjustable for adduction and abduction only. The sound extremity is secured to thearm 39 by means of acufi 41 provided withthongs 42 which. are secured to thebow 43. The width of this bow is suflicient so that when the necessary tension is applied to thethongs 42 they will not cut into or compress the foot. A certain limited traction may be .obtained upon this sound extremity by turning thenut 44, which is upon thebolt 45 which secures thebow 43.

The device to which the dislocated or fractured extremity is secured is of a more complicated construction. It consists of anarm 46 pivoted atits inner end to a sector 47 which is in turn secured to arotatable plate 48, the upper plate of a pair. The lower plate of the pair is indicated at 49 and a plan 'view thereof will be seen in Fig. 8. The turning of the plate'48 produces the desired amount of adduction and abduction and when this point is reached, thepin 50, which may be a spring operated pin, is caused to engage in one of the perforations 51, in theplate 49. By means of the sector 47 I amenabled to obtain flexion and extension and I may maintain the fiexion or extension by causing the pin 52 to engage one of the perforations 53, in the sector 47 The means for obtaining and controlling the traction is shown at the other end, the outer end of thebar 46, this consists of apost 54 rotatable in the upwardly extendingend 55 ofthe'bar 46, the upper end of thepost 54 is forked and receives atubular member 56 provided with a collar 57 secured to the collar is a split nut 58, the parts of which are engaged by thelatch 59. Anextended bolt 60 having a hand operated means 61 at its outer end, extends through the split nut 58 andcollar 56 and pivotally supports at its inner end abow 62.

It will be observed that thebar 46 is subj ect to an operation or movement in addition to those thus far described. This movement is a rotation upon its longitudinal axis.

It will be noted that thebar 46 is tubular 46, is secured to the plug by means of apin 46. It is evident then that the removal of the pin 46' will allow thebar 46 to be rotated upon its longitudinal axis and this movement is important as it will allow the leg being treated to be turned to an extent that will oft times be found suflicient to locate the femur into the acetabulum.

Thus far I have described the mechanical parts of my device and I believe with sulfi-- cient clearness sothat they may be fully understood and appreciated, I will now detail the method of procedure of treating an ordinary congenital dislocation, referring to the parts employed by the reference characters that they have been given. I

A patient that has been anesthetized is placed upon the table, the attendant supporting the limbs, the trunk is placed upon thebody rest 5 with sacrum resting upon the member ll. Theclamps 26 are then caused to bear fairly and very firmly upon the anterior superior spines and the crest of the i liac bones. The perineal post is then brought forward and is caused to bear firmly upon the perineum, it having been adjusted to the proper height so that a portion of the post will project to a safe distance upward. The cufl's 41 and 41 are next placed upon the limbs and thethongs 42 are engaged upon thebow 43, these thongs must next be tightened to a sufiicient extent to draw the perineum firmly against thepost 28 and the body and limb will then be found to be confined in such a manner that the diseased leg may be manipulated without disturbing the sound leg or the body. Thethongs 42 are next engaged upon thebow 62 and the split nut 58 being loose. thebolt 60 is drawn through thethimble 56 until a medium tension is obtained, the nut 58 is now closed and latched in po sition, and if sufficient traction has not been obtained a few turns of thehand operating member 61 will quickly obtain it. Theplug 50 may now be lifted and may be secured in a raised position by means ofapin 50,theplate 48 may now be moved or rotated until the proper angle of traction is obtained, thepin 50 is then dropped into position and traction is continued to the desired extent.-

At A. I have shown the acetabulum into which the upper rounded end of the femur rests anduat B, I hai e shown a femur in the position in which it will usually be found in dislocations. The application of traction to the leg will bring the femur down to a line with the socket into which it is to engage but not in position for engagement as the femur will usually be found behind the acetabulum. When it is in this position and sufficient traction has been obtained I adjust the trochanteric push so that it will impinge upon the great trochanter, I then raise the trochanteric push will cause a slightly greater traction, and it will also cause the femur to assume its proper position. I now remove theclamps 26 from the sides of the body and I may also remove the perineal post entirely away from the table, I will then move the limb to an abnormal abduction, but it may be i found to do this will again dislodge the femur, if this is so I will replace it either by manual manipulation or by abduction produced by the partial rotation of thearm 46. In bandaging. I will commence as low as it seems necessary and I will employ an ordinary plaster dressing, carrying the dressing upward upon the body to a sutficientextent to obtain acomplete fixation. I include in the dressing the sacral rest 11, thetrochanteric push 20 .and the lower end of thebody rest 5. After the spica has been completed and is sufiiciently set to allow removal the attendant lifts the body and the operator releases and removes thebody rest 5 and the remainder of the fastenings, the patent may then be placed face down on another table, bed, or suitable support. The sacral rest 11 may then be removed through the perineal opening, thepost 20 is then unscrewed from the trochanteric push and the plate of this member may be withdrawn through the perineal opening. The removal of all of these supports from the spice. is accomplished without cutting or without loosening the bandaging and thus the full strength of the bandage is maintained.

For treatment of a fracture the operation progresses only to the extent of obtaining the necessary traction to bring the ends of the fracture into close approximation, before or after which the necessary insertion may be made to remove the splinters and to place the ferrule, after which medication and bandaging may proceed in theordinary manner.

My device will also be found particularly advantageous in any treatment where a; stretching operation is desirable, such for instance as in the operation of arthrodesis of the knee joint or contractures of the hip.

Thus far I have described my device as used for treatment of the lower extremities is accomplished by turning thestem 38 so that the vertical side of the" sector 47 will. be toward the traction obtaining means. The traction obtaining means and thearm 46 may then be rotated by the removal of the pin .46 so that theprojection 55 will extend upward. Now to obtain hyperexte'nsion, the outer end of the arm is depressed and the extreme movement is obtained when the notch K is engaged in the recess L. It will be noted that I have provided an angle Z in the construction of my frame and this angle is provided solely for the purpose of obtaining this extreme extension.

Although I have described my device constructed and operating-in a manner that I have found extremely satisfactory it is obvious that modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of this invention. 1

Having carefully and fully described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A device for treating fractures and dislocations consisting of a body rest, a sacral 'rest, trochanteric push perineal post, and a traction obtaining means all combined for joint operation as herein specified.

2. A device of the character described comprising a body'rest', a plurality of clamps adjacent thereto for securing the pelvis against lateral and vertical movement, an adjustable trochanteric push, and. a traction obtaining means as herein specified and for the purpose set forth.

3. A device of the character described comprisingabody supporting means, a body retainin means, a traction obtaining means and a p urality of adjacent and perforated plates one rotatableupon the other for obtaining adduction and a spring operated pin passing into any of said perforations for holding said plate to retain said adduction or abduction as andfor the purpose set forth. 4. An operating table having a body rest,

and arranged adjacent thereto a plurality of inclined upright members, upon said inclined members and cl mps adapted to be. adjusted in said blocks over and to secure the anterior superior spines.

5. An pendently adjustable perineal restraining means consisting of an adjustable plate having a plurality of vertical posts certain of which are provided with rollers and a traction obtaining meansoperating in opposition to the perineal restralmng-means for the purpose set forth.

blocks slidable:

and

operating table having an inde- 6. An operating table having body supporting and restraining means in combination with a mechanically operable trochanteric push supported by a ball' and socket and adjustable vertically and radially for the purpose set forth.

7. 'An operating table having an oblong frame an extended concaved and tapered body rest adjustable longitudinally and adapted to support the body, shoulders and head of a patient and adapted to be partially included in a bandage to be removed fromsaid frame, and body securing and traction obtaining means supported by said frame for the purpose set forth. v

8. An operating table having a frame, a body rest upon said frame, and a plurality of clamps adapted to "engage the anterior superior spines, said clamps being adjustable longitudinally, transversely and obliquely upon said frame for the purpose set forth.

9. An operating table having a frame, a

body rest upon said frame, a sacral rest adjustable longitudinally upon said frame, and a plurality of body clamps consisting of obliquely arranged members adjustable toward and away from the body and rotatable plates carried thereby all combined and supported by said frame for the purpose set I forth.

10. An operating table having a frame, a body rest upon said frame, a body clamping and restraining means'upon said frame and a perineal engaging and restraining means consisting of a plurality of posts supporting vertical rollers and adjustable longitudinally upon saidframe for the purpose set forth.

11. An operating table having a frame, body rests and restraining means adjustable upon said frame, means cooperating with said body rests and restraining means for supporting a limb, and a bar rotatable on its horizontal axis and traction obtaining means for another limb supported by said bar as and for the purpose set forth.

12. An operating table having a frame, body rests and restraining means adjustable upon said frame, means cooperating with said body rests and restraining means for supporting a' limb, a bar rotatable through its longitudinal axis and vertically and horizontally adjustable and a traction obtaimng means for another limb supported by said bar and operable therewith as and for the purpose set forth.

- Sign d at New York c1ty,.m the county of New York and State of New. York this 27th day of March, 1914.

CHAS. H. SANFORD.

Witnesses: v V

G. E. Srnnnmn,

ARTHUR PHELPS MARK.

Images