US11560779B2 - Operation method of a turbine fracturing device and a turbine fracturing device - Google Patents

Abstract

An operation method of a turbine fracturing device and a turbine fracturing device are provided. The turbine fracturing device includes a turbine engine, a speed reducer, a brake mechanism, and a fracturing pump, the method includes: driving, by the turbine engine, the fracturing pump to perform a fracturing operation through the speed reducer so as to keep the fracturing pump in an operating state, the fracturing pump being configured to suck fluid of a first pressure and discharge fluid of a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure; and in response to an idling instruction, the turbine engine entering an idling state and triggering a brake operation so as to keep the fracturing pump in a non-operating state.

Description

This application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/172,819 filed on Feb. 10, 2021 which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202110101567.8, filed on Jan. 26, 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The application also claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202110608526.8 filed on Jun. 1, 2021, the entire disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference as part of the present application.

TECHNICAL FIELD

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to an operation method of a turbine fracturing device and a turbine fracturing device.

BACKGROUND

The principle of a turbine fracturing device is that a turbine engine is connected with a reduction gearbox directly and connected with a fracturing pump through the reduction gearbox to drive the fracturing pump. For example, the fracturing pump includes a piston pump.

SUMMARY

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an operation method of a turbine fracturing device and a turbine fracturing device.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an operation method of a turbine fracturing device, the turbine fracturing device including a turbine engine, a speed reducer, a brake mechanism, and a fracturing pump, the method including: driving, by the turbine engine, the fracturing pump to perform a fracturing operation through the speed reducer so as to keep the fracturing pump in an operating state, the fracturing pump being configured to suck fluid of a first pressure and discharge fluid of a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure; and in response to an idling instruction, the turbine engine entering an idling state and triggering a brake operation so as to keep the fracturing pump in a non-operating state.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: triggering an overpressure instruction in the case where a pressure of the fluid of the second pressure discharged by the fracturing pump is greater than an overpressure protection value, the overpressure instruction triggers the idling instruction.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: starting the turbine engine in response to a start instruction before the fracturing pump is in the operating state, the start instruction triggers the idling instruction, so that the turbine engine is in the idling state during a start process of the turbine engine.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: terminating the operating state of the fracturing pump in response to an operation termination instruction when the fracturing pump is in the operating state, the operation termination instruction triggers the idling instruction.

For example, the operation termination instruction is inputted manually to terminate the operating state of the fracturing pump.

For example, the operation termination instruction is triggered by an alarm protection program to terminate the operating state of the fracturing pump, and the alarm protection program includes triggering the operation termination instruction in at least one of the cases where a pressure of a lubricating oil of the fracturing pump is less than a first predetermined value, a temperature of the lubricating oil of the fracturing pump is greater than a second predetermined value, and a pressure of a lubricating oil of the speed reducer is less than a third predetermined value.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: stopping the operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction, the emergency stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, the emergency stop instruction is triggered by an emergency stop protection program, and the emergency stop protection program includes triggering the emergency stop instruction in at least one of the cases where a pressure of a lubricating oil of the turbine engine is less than a fourth predetermined value, a vibration amplitude of the turbine engine is greater than a fifth predetermined value, and an exhaust temperature of the turbine engine is greater than a sixth predetermined value.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: stopping the operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction, the emergency stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, the emergency stop instruction is triggered by manually judging emergencies to trigger the emergency stop instruction on the premise that an emergency stop protection program is not triggered.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: stopping the operation in response to a stop instruction and stopping the turbine fracturing device, the stop instruction triggers the idling instruction.

For example, the idling instruction triggers a brake instruction, and the brake operation is triggered in response to the brake instruction.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a turbine fracturing device, operated by any one of the operation methods as described above.

For example, the speed reducer includes a reduction gearbox, the speed reducer is connected with the fracturing pump through a transmission shaft.

For example, the brake mechanism includes a brake plate and a brake block, the brake block is arranged on the reduction gearbox, the brake plate is connected with the transmission shaft, and the brake block is driven by a hydraulic unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described in the following; it is obvious that the described drawings below are only related to some embodiments of the present disclosure and thus are not construed as any limitation to the present disclosure.

FIG.1 is a schematic diagram of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.2 is a perspective schematic view of a brake mechanism of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.3 is a side view of a brake mechanism of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.4 is a schematic diagram of an operation method of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.5 is a schematic diagram of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.6 is a schematic diagram of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.7 is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.8 is a structural schematic diagram of a turbine engine according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.9A is a structural schematic diagram of a firefighting system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.9B is a structural schematic diagram of a firefighting system according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG.10A is a structural schematic diagram of an air outlet assembly according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.10B is a structural schematic diagram of an air outlet portion according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.11A is a structural schematic diagram of an exhaust muffler according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.11B is a structural schematic diagram of an exhaust muffler plate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG.11C is a structural schematic diagram of an exhaust muffler according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG.12 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing device according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG.13A is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing device according to still other embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG.13B andFIG.13C are structural schematic diagrams of a fracturing device according to further still other embodiments of the present disclosure; and

FIG.14A andFIG.14B are structural schematic diagrams of a fracturing device according to still other embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make objectives, technical details, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments will be described in a clearly and fully understandable way in connection with the drawings related to the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are just a part but not all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the described embodiments herein, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiment(s), without any inventive work, which should be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, all the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. The terms “first,” “second,” etc., which are used in the present disclosure, are not intended to indicate any sequence, amount or importance, but distinguish various components. Also, the terms “comprise,” “comprising,” “include,” “including,” etc., are intended to specify that the elements or the objects stated before these terms encompass the elements or the objects and equivalents thereof listed after these terms, but do not preclude the other elements or objects. The phrases “connect”, “connected”, etc., are not intended to define a physical connection or mechanical connection, but may include an electrical connection, directly or indirectly. “On,” “under,” “left,” “right” and the like are only used to indicate relative position relationship, and when the position of the described object is changed, the relative position relationship may be changed accordingly.

A fracturing operation has two basic requirements on fracturing equipment. Firstly, there can be no displacement output at an engine warm-up stage, and a fracturing pump can be started to provide displacement only when necessary. Secondly, in case of an emergency situation that includes an overpressure situation, the output needs to be cut off urgently, that is, the fracturing pump needs to be separated from a front end to avoid accidents.

Some existing fracturing equipment is provided with a clutch. However, because the clutch cannot be engaged at a high speed, the clutch can be engaged only before starting, and otherwise, the clutch may be damaged. Therefore, the clutch is engaged before starting, and a turbine engine is started when the displacement is needed; and in case of emergency, the clutch is separated, and the fracturing pump is stopped under an inertia effect or a load of a wellhead.

However, some problems occur in the case where a turbine fracturing device adopts the clutch to implement the quick separation. Firstly, the clutch must be engaged before the starting of the equipment, which restricts an application range of the clutch. The clutch can be engaged only before the starting. If the clutch is engaged again after the overpressure, it is necessary to stop the equipment, thus the quick starting of the equipment cannot be realized. Secondly, after the overpressure protection, the clutch separates the fracturing pump quickly from a speed reducer, and the instantaneous loss of load leads to possible runaway of the turbine engine, which brings risks to the turbine engine. Of course, in the case where the fracturing pump is stopped under the inertia effect or the load of the wellhead, which still has certain impact on the rear end. Moreover, the clutch is not suitable for being started and stopped frequently, which easily causes the damage to seals, shortens the service life, and increases the maintenance cost.

FIG.1 is a schematic diagram of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated inFIG.1, the turbine fracturing device includes aturbine engine1, aspeed reducer2, atorque limiter3, a transmission mechanism4, and afracturing pump5. As illustrated inFIG.1, theturbine engine1, thespeed reducer2, thetorque limiter3, the transmission mechanism4, and the fracturingpump5 are connected in sequence to form a transmission system of the turbine fracturing device. For example, the transmission mechanism4 includes a coupling. For example, the fracturingpump5 includes a piston pump. For example, the fracturingpump5 is configured to suck low-pressure fracturing fluid and pressurize the low-pressure fracturing fluid to form high-pressure fracturing fluid. The pressure of the high-pressure fracturing fluid is greater than the pressure of the low-pressure fracturing fluid. The low-pressure fracturing fluid may also be referred to as suction fluid. The high-pressure fracturing fluid may also be referred to as discharge fluid. The low-pressure fracturing fluid may also be referred to as fluid of first pressure. The high-pressure fracturing fluid may also be referred to as fluid of second pressure. For example, the fracturingpump5 is configured to suck the fluid of the first pressure and discharge the fluid of the second pressure. The second pressure is greater than the first pressure. For example, the turbine fracturing device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure may also not be provided with thetorque limiter3. In this case, thespeed reducer2 is connected with the fracturingpump5 through the transmission mechanism4.

As illustrated inFIG.1, abrake mechanism6 may be arranged between thespeed reducer2 and the fracturingpump5 to keep thespeed reducer2 and the fracturingpump5 in a disconnected state. According to the turbine fracturing device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, thebrake mechanism6 is provided to make thespeed reducer2 disconnected from the fracturingpump5. Thespeed reducer2 and the fracturingpump5 may be in a disconnected or a connected state. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, when thespeed reducer2 and the fracturingpump5 are in the disconnected state, the fracturingpump5 is in a non-operating state, when thespeed reducer2 and the fracturingpump5 are in the connected state, the fracturingpump5 is in an operating state.

FIG.2 is a perspective schematic view of a brake mechanism of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.FIG.3 is a side view of a brake mechanism of a turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated inFIG.2 andFIG.3, thebrake mechanism6 includes abrake plate61 and abrake block62. For example, the friction between thebrake plate61 and thebrake block62 plays a brake role. For example, thebrake block62 may also be referred to as a friction block. For example, in a brake state, thebrake mechanism6 is used as a load of an output shaft of the turbine engine to bear the power output of the output shaft of the turbine engine, so that the fracturingpump5 is in the non-operating state.FIG.1 toFIG.3 are illustrated with reference to the case where thebrake mechanism6 is located at a side ofspeed reducer2 opposite to a side of thespeed reducer2 that is connected with theturbine engine1, by way of example, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, thebrake mechanism6 may also be arranged at other suitable positions. For example, thebrake mechanism6 may be arranged between the transmission mechanism4 and the fracturingpump5, i.e. arranged on an input shaft of the fracturingpump5.

The embodiments of the present disclosure take the turbine fracturing device illustrated inFIG.1 toFIG.3 as an example for description, but are not limited thereto. The structure of the turbine fracturing device may be determined according to the requirements.

FIG.4 is a schematic diagram of an operation method of the turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated inFIG.4, the entire operation of the turbine fracturing device is carried out according to an idling instruction. The idling instruction controls the brake operation directly.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an operation method of a turbine fracturing device. Referring toFIG.1 toFIG.4, the turbine fracturing device includes aturbine engine1, aspeed reducer2, abrake mechanism6, and afracturing pump5. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device includes: driving, by theturbine engine1, the fracturingpump5 to perform a fracturing operation through thespeed reducer2 so as to keep the fracturingpump5 in an operating state; and in response to an idling instruction, theturbine engine1 entering an idling state, and triggering a brake operation to keep the fracturingpump5 in a non-operating state. For example, when theturbine engine1 is in the idling state, the output power of theturbine engine1 is very small.

For example, in other embodiments, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device includes: in response to the idling instruction, theturbine engine1 entering the idling state; and the idling instruction triggering a brake instruction, and in response to the brake instruction, triggering the brake operation to keep the fracturingpump5 in the non-operating state. Responding to the brake instruction or performing the brake operation, the turbine fracturing device enters a brake state. For example, the brake operation is to control a rotation speed of an output shaft of a reduction gearbox. For example, the brake instruction is triggered at the same time when theturbine engine1 is in the idling state. For example, the brake instruction is triggered at the same time when the idling instruction is issued.

The fracturingpump5 is in the operating state, which refers to that the fracturingpump5 sucks low-pressure fluid and discharges high-pressure fluid. The fracturingpump5 is in the non-operating state, which refers to that the fracturingpump5 does not suck the low-pressure fluid and does not discharge the high-pressure fluid. For example, the fracturingpump5 is in the operating state, which may refer to that the fracturingpump5 has displacement output. The fracturingpump5 is in the non-operating state, which refers to that the fracturingpump5 has no displacement output.

For example, referring toFIG.1, an output shaft of theturbine engine1 is connected with an input shaft of thespeed reducer2. An output shaft of thespeed reducer2 is connected with the input shaft of the fracturingpump5.

For example, the idling state refers to the state of theturbine engine1. In response to the idling instruction, the turbine fracturing device adjusts the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1. For example, in the case where theturbine engine1 is driven by fuel oil, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 may be adjusted by adjusting an oil intake quantity. For example, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 may be reduced by reducing the oil intake quantity. For example, in the case where theturbine engine1 is driven by gas, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 may be adjusted by adjusting the gas intake quantity. For example, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 may be reduced by reducing the gas intake quantity.

For example, in the idling state, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 is less than the rotation speed of theturbine engine1 when driving thefracturing pump5 to perform the fracturing operation. For example, in the idling state, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 is stable and greater than a set value, for example, the set value is 0, that is, in the idling state, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 is greater than 0. For example, in the idling state, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 is relatively small. For example, in a brake state, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 is 0. For example, in the case where the turbine fracturing device is in the operating state, the rotation speed of the output shaft of theturbine engine1 is greater than the rotation speed of the input shaft of the fracturingpump5.

For example, as illustrated inFIG.4, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: triggering an overpressure instruction in the case where the pressure of the fluid of the second pressure discharged by the fracturingpump5 is greater than an overpressure protection value, and the overpressure instruction triggering the idling instruction. In response to the overpressure instruction, the turbine fracturing device enters an overpressure protection state.

For example, the overpressure instruction is sourced from a pressure sensor of the fracturing pump. The pressure sensor is configured to detect a pressure of the high-pressure fracturing fluid of the fracturing pump. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure of the high-pressure fracturing fluid is greater than the predetermined overpressure protection value, the overpressure instruction is triggered directly, and the idling state is further triggered.

For example, as illustrated inFIG.4, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: starting theturbine engine1 in response to a start instruction before the fracturingpump5 is in the operating state; and the start instruction triggering the idling instruction, so that theturbine engine1 is in the idling state during a start process of theturbine engine1.

For example, during the start process of theturbine engine1, the start instruction is controlled manually; in response to the start instruction, the turbine fracturing device executes a start process; and during the entire start process, the turbine fracturing device is always in the idling state.

For example, as illustrated inFIG.4, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: terminating the operating state of the fracturingpump5 in response to an operation termination instruction when the fracturingpump5 is in the operating state, and the operation termination instruction triggering the idling instruction.

For example, as illustrated inFIG.4, the operation termination instruction is inputted manually to terminate the operating state of the fracturingpump5.

For example, as illustrated inFIG.4, the operation termination instruction is triggered by an alarm protection program to terminate the operating state of the fracturingpump5; and the alarm protection program includes triggering the operation termination instruction in at least one of cases where the pressure of the lubricating oil of the fracturingpump5 is less than a first predetermined value, the temperature of the lubricating oil of the fracturingpump5 is greater than a second predetermined value, or the pressure of the lubricating oil of thespeed reducer2 is less than a third predetermined value. For example, the alarm protection program is a preset program.

For example, when the fracturingpump5 is in the operating state, the operation termination instruction may be triggered under two conditions: one is that the operation termination instruction is inputted manually according to the operation displacement requirement to terminate the operating state of the fracturingpump5, so that theturbine engine1 enters the idling state. The other one is to trigger the operation termination instruction according to the preset alarm protection program. For example, the operation termination instruction may be triggered by the conditions such as the low pressure of the lubricating oil of the fracturing pump, the high temperature of the lubricating oil of the fracturing pump, and the low pressure of the lubricating oil of the reduction gearbox.

For example, as illustrated inFIG.4, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: stopping the operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction; the emergency stop instruction triggering the idling instruction; and triggering the emergency stop instruction includes at least one of triggering the emergency stop instruction by an emergency stop protection program or manually judging emergencies to trigger the emergency stop instruction on the premise that the emergency stop protection program is not triggered. The emergency stop protection program includes triggering the emergency stop instruction in at least one of cases where the pressure of the lubricating oil of theturbine engine1 is less than a fourth predetermined value, a vibration amplitude of theturbine engine1 is greater than a fifth predetermined value, or the exhaust temperature of theturbine engine1 is greater than a sixth predetermined value. For example, the emergency stop protection program is a preset program.

For example, the emergency stop instructions are from two ways. One is to manually judge the emergencies to trigger the emergency stop instruction on the premise that the emergency stop protection program is not triggered, and further trigger the idling state; and the other one is to trigger the preset emergency stop protection program to keep the turbine fracturing device in an emergency stop state; and for example, the emergency stop instruction is triggered in at least one of cases where the pressure of the lubricating oil of the turbine engine is excessively low, the vibration amplitude of the turbine engine is excessively high, or the exhaust temperature of the turbine engine is excessively high, and the idling state is further triggered.

For example, the operation method of the turbine fracturing device further includes: stopping the operation in response to the stop instruction so that the turbine fracturing device is stopped, the stop instruction triggering the idling instruction.

When the operation is ended and the stop is needed, the stop instruction is inputted manually, the stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, and theturbine engine1 enters the idling state; and the idling instruction triggers the brake operation, so that the turbine fracturing device is stopped.

As illustrated inFIG.4, at least one of the overpressure instruction, the start instruction, the operation termination instruction, the stop instruction and the emergency stop instruction may trigger the idling instruction, and further trigger the brake operation.

The brake operation is triggered by the above idling instruction or brake instruction so as to realize the brake operation of the turbine fracturing device. For example, in some embodiments, the idling instruction triggers the brake operation directly.

According to the operation method of the turbine fracturing device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the idling instruction makes the turbine engine enter the idling state and triggers the brake operation, which is beneficial to the quick use and response of the turbine fracturing device and beneficial to the quick re-operation of the turbine fracturing device, thereby improving the operation reliability of the turbine engine and the reliability of a fracturing well site. The turbine fracturing device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has no clutch, and adopts the brake mechanism to perform the brake operation when the turbine engine is in the idling state.

Compared with the turbine fracturing device provided with a clutch, the turbine fracturing device provided with the brake mechanism has at least one of the following advantages.

(1) The clutch is complicated in structure, and it is troublesome to replace spare parts, especially vulnerable parts such as oil seals. The brake mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to install, and it is convenient to replace the brake plate of the brake mechanism.

(2) The clutch needs to be engaged and connected only at a low speed. If the clutch is disconnected, the clutch can be reconnected only after the speed of the turbine fracturing device is reduced; therefore, there are restrictions on the operation of the turbine fracturing device. While the engagement and disconnection of the brake mechanism have no requirement on the rotation speed.

(3) In the working state, the clutch must be in a connected state, and if the clutch is in failure, the field operation cannot be continued. However, in the working state, the brake operation is in the disconnected state, and if the brake mechanism is in failure, the normal operation of the turbine fracturing device is not affected.

(4) The brake operation is started in the start process. The start process may be judged automatically without determining the state of the turbine fracturing device, such as the engagement and separation judgment.

(5) The turbine fracturing device provided with the brake mechanism may determine whether to enter the idling state or the operating state as required. The turbine fracturing device may be started in advance, and may also be put into use at any time by switching the operating state and the idling state at any time. The turbine fracturing device provided with the clutch has an excessively long start process, which affects the quick use and response of the turbine fracturing device.

(6) It is only necessary to trigger the idling instruction and the brake operation after the overpressure, and it is unnecessary to trigger the stop instruction, so that the turbine fracturing device may be re-operated quickly.

(7) The brake operation needs to consume power, which may make the turbine fracturing device stopped under the load instead of transmitting the power to the rear end, so that the operation risk of the turbine engine and the risk of the well site may be reduced, and the operation reliability of the turbine engine and the reliability of the fracturing well site can be improved.

For example, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first predetermined value, the second predetermined value, the third predetermined value, the fourth predetermined value, the fifth predetermined value, and the sixth predetermined value may be set according to requirements.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a turbine fracturing device, which is operated by any one of the above operation methods.

For example, referring toFIG.2 andFIG.3, aspeed reducer2 includes areduction gearbox20. Thespeed reducer2 is connected with a fracturingpump5 through atransmission shaft70. A brake mechanism includes abrake plate61 and abrake block62. Thebrake block62 is arranged on thereduction gearbox20. Thebrake plate61 is connected with thetransmission shaft70. Thetransmission shaft70 is an output shaft of thespeed reducer2. For example, thespeed reducer2 further includes a speed reduction mechanism located in thereduction gearbox20. For example, thebrake plate61 rotates with thetransmission shaft70. For example, in response to the idling instruction or the brake instruction or when theturbine engine1 is in an idling state, thebrake block62 contacts thebrake plate61 to perform the brake operation so as to control a rotation speed of thetransmission shaft70 of thereduction gearbox2, so that the rotation speed of thetransmission shaft70 is reduced, for example, the brake operation may make the rotation speed of thetransmission shaft70 become 0.

FIG.5 is a schematic diagram of the turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated inFIG.5, thebrake block62 is driven by ahydraulic unit60. For example, in response to the idling instruction or the brake instruction, thehydraulic unit60 controls thebrake block62 to perform brake. For example, thehydraulic unit60 controls thebrake block62 to move so as to contact and rub with thebrake plate61, thereby achieving a brake effect. For example, thehydraulic unit60 includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, and a control valve.

As illustrated inFIG.5, the turbine fracturing device further includes acontrol unit80. Thecontrol unit80 controls thehydraulic unit60 to drive thebrake block62.

As illustrated inFIG.5, theturbine engine1 includes anoutput shaft12. Thespeed reducer2 includes aninput shaft21 and anoutput shaft22. The fracturingpump5 includes aninput shaft51. As illustrated inFIG.5, theoutput shaft12 of theturbine engine1 is connected with theinput shaft21 of thespeed reducer2. Theoutput shaft22 of thespeed reducer2 is connected with theinput shaft51 of the fracturingpump5. For example, theoutput shaft22 may be theabove transmission shaft70.

As illustrated inFIG.5, the turbine fracturing device further includes aturbine engine controller10. Thecontrol unit80 is connected with theturbine engine controller10 so as to control the rotation speed of theoutput shaft12 of theturbine engine1.

FIG.6 is a schematic diagram of the turbine fracturing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated inFIG.6, a solid line indicates hydraulic fluid, an arrow indicates a flowing direction of the hydraulic fluid, and a dotted line indicates mechanical connection between components.

As illustrated inFIG.6, afuel oil tank02 supplies oil to anengine03. Theengine03 is connected with ahydraulic pump04. Ahydraulic oil tank01 is connected with thehydraulic pump04.

As illustrated inFIG.6, thehydraulic pump04 supplies oil to anexecution motor05 of the turbine fracturing device. Theexecution motor05 includes astart motor051, alubrication motor052, acooling motor053, and abrake motor054. Thelubrication motor052 is connected with alubrication pump011 so as to drive thelubrication pump011 to transmit the lubricating oil from a lubricatingoil tank08 to thefracturing pump5, thespeed reducer2, and theturbine engine1 for lubrication.

As illustrated inFIG.6, the coolingmotor053 drives acooling component06. Thestart motor051 is connected with theturbine engine2 to start theturbine engine2. Thebrake motor054 drives thebrake mechanism6.

The turbine fracturing device adopts an auxiliary engine as a power source to drive components such as lubricating component and cooling component of the whole equipment, and start component and gas supply component of the turbine engine.

As illustrated inFIG.6, the turbine fracturing device includes astart control valve05a,alubrication control valve05b,a coolingcontrol valve05c,and abrake control valve05d.

As illustrated inFIG.6, thecontrol unit80 is connected with thestart control valve05a,thelubrication control valve05, the coolingcontrol valve05c,and thebrake control valve05d,respectively, to control the opening, closing and open degree of the corresponding control valves.

As illustrated inFIG.6, thecontrol unit80 is connected with theturbine engine controller10 to control the rotation speed of theoutput shaft12 of theturbine engine1.

FIG.6 illustrates an example that theengine03 of thehydraulic pump04 is driven by fuel oil, and thestart motor051, thelubrication motor052, the coolingmotor053 and thebrake motor054 are all hydraulic motors, but the turbine fracturing device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the illustration ofFIG.6. For example, in some embodiments, the hydraulic motor may also be replaced by an electric motor.

The turbine fracturing device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include one or more processors and one or more memories. The processor may process data signals and may include various computing architectures such as a complex instruction set computer (CISC) architecture, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) architecture or an architecture for implementing a combination of multiple instruction sets. The memory may store instructions and/or data executed by the processor. The instructions and/or data may include codes which are configured to achieve some functions or all the functions of one or more devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For instance, the memory includes a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a flash memory, an optical memory or other memories well known to those skilled in the art.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, thecontrol unit80, and/or theturbine engine controller10 include codes and programs stored in the memories; and the processors may execute the codes and the programs to achieve some functions or all the functions of thecontrol unit80, and/or theturbine engine controller10.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, thecontrol unit80, and/or theturbine engine controller10 may be specialized hardware devices and configured to achieve some or all the functions of thecontrol unit80, and/or theturbine engine controller10. For instance, thecontrol unit80, and/or theturbine engine controller10 may be a circuit board or a combination of a plurality of circuit boards and configured to achieve the above functions. In embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuit board or a combination of the plurality of circuit boards may include: (1) one or more processors; (2) one or more non-transitory computer-readable memories connected with the processors; and (3) processor-executable firmware stored in the memories.

Since a turbine engine can directly use natural gas as fuel and has the advantages of small size, light weight, high power density, etc., driving by a turbine engine, compared to by a diesel engine, is conducive to reducing the size of the fracturing device and has the advantages of environmental protection, high driving efficiency, etc. Moreover, the power supply pressure in a fracturing operation site can be reduced when a turbine engine is used for driving compared to directly using an electric motor for driving. In addition, the turbine engine further has the advantages of small size, light weight, high power density and the like.

In another aspect, the turbine engine generates power through the rotation of an impeller driven by a fluid. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the impeller and blades of the turbine engine clean and prevent device breakdown due to disruption in the balance of the impeller or damage of the impeller caused by impurities.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fracturing device which includes a power unit. The power unit includes a muffling compartment, a turbine engine, an air intake unit and a cleaner. The air intake unit is communicated with the turbine engine through an intake pipe and is configured to provide a combustion-supporting gas to the turbine engine. The cleaner is configured to clean the turbine engine. The air intake unit is located at the top of the muffling compartment, and the muffling compartment has an accommodation space. The turbine engine and the cleaner are located within the accommodation space. The cleaner is located at the side, away from the air intake unit, of the turbine engine.

The fracturing device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can facilitate the air intake unit to take in air by disposing the air intake unit above (at the top of) the turbine engine, and meanwhile can realize a compact structure by disposing the cleaner below the turbine engine to arrange the fracturing device in three layers (i.e. upper, middle and lower layers), which thus reduces the size of the fracturing device and facilitates transportation. In addition, the turbine engine is disposed in the muffling compartment, which is conducive to noise reduction.

For example, the term “below” as used in this embodiment of the present disclosure is not necessarily about being “directly below” and may also mean “obliquely below”.

In at least one embodiment, the cleaner is directly driven by electric power, i.e., by an electric motor, so that the space occupied by the cleaner can be effectively reduced, and it is convenient to place the cleaner below the turbine engine. For example, the highest point of the cleaner is below the lowest point of the turbine engine. Such an arrangement may prevent the cleaner from shielding the turbine engine in the height direction, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the turbine engine.

In another examples, the cleaner may also be driven pneumatically or hydraulically. The driving mode of the cleaner is not limited by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG.7 is a structural schematic diagram, for example, a side view, of a fracturing device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown inFIG.7, thefracturing device5 includes apower unit1. Thepower unit1 includes amuffling compartment11, aturbine engine12, anair intake unit13 and a cleaner14.

Themuffling compartment11 has anaccommodation space110, and theturbine engine12 and the cleaner14 are located within theaccommodation space110. For example, a muffler such as soundproof sponge or a muffler plate is disposed on the inner wall of the muffling compartment.

Theair intake unit13 is located at the top of themuffling compartment11 and communicated with theturbine engine12 through anintake pipe131, and theair intake unit13 is configured to provide a combustion-supporting gas to theturbine engine12. For example, theair intake unit13 includes an intake filter and an intake muffler, and the intake muffler has one end connected to the intake filter and another end communicated with theintake pipe131.

For example, theair intake unit13 comprises a plurality ofintake cabins132 arranged side by side. The plurality ofintake cabins132 help to enlarge the size of theair intake unit13, thus providing a high gas capacity to increase the power of theturbine engine12. Theintake cabins132 also help to reduce the resistance of air intake and exhaust, thereby being conducive to prolonging the service life of the turbine engine.

For example, theair intake unit13 extends beyond the range of themuffling compartment11 in the axial direction of the turbine engine, helping to enlarge the size of the intake cabins and protect (e.g., keep out the rain) the structure (e.g., an air inlet assembly and an air outlet assembly as described below) thereunder. It should be noted that the mentioned axial direction of the turbine engine may be the extension direction of a transmission shaft or an output shaft in the turbine engine.

Theair intake unit13 is fixed to the top of themuffling compartment11, for example, by welding.

For example, the cleaner14 is located at the side, away from theair intake unit13, of theturbine engine12, i.e., below the turbine engine. For example, the cleaner14 may be located directly or obliquely below theturbine engine12. For example, the cleaner14 includes awater tank141 and acleaning pump142. For example, the cleaner14 is electrically driven, and the space used by the cleaner can thus be reduced. In another examples, the cleaner may be driven by an air compressor which is located, for example, outside the muffling compartment. The air compressor may be driven electrically, for example. In further another examples, the cleaner may be driven by a hydraulic system which may be driven electrically for example.

For example, thepower unit1 further includes a starter located within themuffling compartment11 and configured to start theturbine engine12.

For example, the starter includes an electric motor. For example, the electric motor is configured to directly start theturbine engine12, i.e., the turbine engine is started electrically. In this case, for example, as shown inFIG.8, thestarter121 is integrated into the turbine engine.

The electric power needed to start the turbine engine is far less than that directly used to drive a fracturing pump unit, thus reducing the power supply demand in the fracturing work site.

In another examples, theturbine engine12 includes a hydraulic system. The electric motor in the starter is configured to drive the hydraulic system to start the turbine engine, i.e., the hydraulic system is driven electrically. For example, the electric motor is located at the side, away from the air intake unit, of theturbine engine12.

Compared with a diesel-driven hydraulic system, the electric motor takes up only small space and thus can be placed below the turbine engine.

For example, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, various valves, a hydraulic oil reservoir, a hydraulic oil radiator, etc. For example, the hydraulic system is configured to be driven by the electric motor to drive a fuel pump, a starting motor and so on of theturbine engine12, thereby starting theturbine engine12.

For example, the power unit further includes afirst lubricating system122 configured to lubricate theturbine engine12.FIG.8 schematically shows a diagram of theturbine engine12. As shown inFIG.8, thefirst lubricating system122 is integrated into theturbine engine12.

Thefirst lubricating system122 includes a firstlubricating oil reservoir122aand afirst driving mechanism122b.The first driving mechanism includes an electric motor, that is, the first lubricating system is driven electrically.

For example, as shown inFIG.7, thepower unit1 further includes adeceleration mechanism16 and asecond lubricating system161 which are located within themuffling compartment11. Thesecond lubricating system161 is configured to lubricate thedeceleration mechanism16. Thedeceleration mechanism16 is connected to an output shaft of theturbine engine12, and thedeceleration mechanism16 and theturbine engine12 are arranged along the axial direction of theturbine engine12.

Thesecond lubricating system161 includes a secondlubricating oil reservoir161aand asecond driving mechanism16 lb. Thesecond driving mechanism161bincludes an electric motor, i.e., thesecond lubricating system161 is driven electrically and thus can have a small size.

For example, as shown inFIG.7, thesecond lubricating system161 is located at the side, away from theair intake unit13, of theturbine engine12, for example, below theturbine engine12. For example, thesecond lubricating system16 and the cleaner14 are arranged along the axial direction of theturbine engine12, and thesecond lubricating system16 is closer to thedeceleration mechanism16 than the cleaner14, thus facilitating the lubrication of thedeceleration mechanism16 by thesecond lubricating system161.

The muffling compartment is a relatively closed cabin. The operation of theturbine engine12 can easily result in a high temperature or natural gas leakage within the muffling compartment and the danger is concealed, which may result in lagging danger judgment in human inspection without reliable guarantee for the safety of the personnel and the device.

For example, thepower unit1 further includes a firefighting system. The firefighting system may realize advance warning on the danger within the muffling compartment. Moreover, in at least one example, the firefighting system may automatically extinguish fire within themuffling compartment11, thus greatly improving the reliability of device operation and the safety of the personnel.

FIG.9A is a schematic diagram of a firefighting system according to at least some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the sake of clarity, some components of the fracturing device are omitted fromFIG.9A.

As shown inFIG.9A, thefirefighting system17 includes at least onefirefighting detector171 and afirefighting material generator172 which are located within themuffling compartment11. Thefirefighting detectors171 may include, but not be limited to, a temperature detector, a smoke detector, a flame detector, a combustible gas detector, etc. In the case where a plurality of types of firefighting detectors are used, the number of the firefighting detector of each type would not be limited too.

Thefirefighting material generator172 is filled with a firefighting material. For example, the firefighting material includes an aerosol. Compared with the traditional dry powder material, the aerosol in an equal volume can have a better fire extinguishing performance. Therefore, a container for the aerosol needs a smaller space and thus can be easily disposed within themuffling compartment11.

As shown inFIG.9A, thefirefighting system17 includes a plurality offirefighting detectors171 disposed at the top of themuffling compartment11 for detection at different positions within themuffling compartment11. For example, thefirefighting detectors171 are disposed directly above theturbine engine12 and thedeceleration mechanism16, respectively. Thefirefighting detectors171 can be the same or different in type. Thefirefighting material generator172 is disposed on asupport column160 between theturbine engine171 and thedeceleration mechanism16.

For example, thefirefighting system17 further includes analertor173, acontroller174, afirefighting monitor175 and anemergency switch176 which are located outside themuffling compartment11. Thecontroller174 is in signal connection (e.g., communication connection) with thealertor173, theturbine engine171 and thefirefighting material generator172 respectively. In the case where an anomaly (e.g., that at least one of temperature, smoke consistency, combustible gas concentration in themuffling compartment11 is above a threshold value, or a flame is generated) is detected by thefirefighting detector171, thecontroller174 is triggered to control thefirefighting material generator172 to start automatically and eject the firefighting material and simultaneously control thealertor173 to give an alerting signal.

For example, thefirefighting system17 further includes ahand fire extinguisher177 located outside the muffling compartment, allowing the personnel on the spot to extinguish fire manually. For example, thehand fire extinguisher177 may be a dry powder fire extinguisher.

FIG.9B is a schematic diagram of a firefighting system in a fracturing device according to another examples of the present disclosure. As shown inFIG.9B, the firefighting system includes a control unit, an alertor, a firefighting material generator, a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of smoke sensors and a plurality of combustible gas sensors. The control unit is in signal connection with the alertor, the firefighting material generator, the temperature sensors, the smoke sensors and the combustible gas sensors respectively.

For example, the control unit is configured to control the plurality of temperature sensors to detect the temperature simultaneously at different positions within the compartment of the turbine engine and generate a temperature data set from the obtained temperature data. The operation is repeated cyclically and the temperature data sets are output, thus realizing the detection of the temperature in the compartment.

For example, the control unit is further configured to control the plurality of smoke detectors to detect the smoke simultaneously at different positions within the compartment of the turbine engine and generate a smoke data set from the obtained smoke data. The operation is repeated cyclically and the smoke data sets are output, thus realizing the detection of the smoke in the compartment.

For example, the control unit is further configured to control the plurality of combustible gas sensors to detect the concentration of the combustible gas simultaneously at different positions within the compartment of the turbine engine and generate a combustible gas data set from the obtained combustible gas concentration data. The operation is repeated cyclically and the combustible gas data sets are output, thus realizing the detection of the combustible gas in the compartment. The combustible gas includes, for example, methane.

For example, the control unit is further configured to, in response to a preset temperature threshold value, cyclically determine whether more than half of temperature data in the temperature data sets is above the temperature threshold value, output fire information if yes, and output alert information if no, where the alert information contains the temperature data of the temperature above the temperature threshold value and detection positions thereof.

For example, the control unit is further configured to, in response to a smoke threshold value input from the outside, cyclically determine whether more than half of smoke data in the smoke data sets is above the smoke threshold value, output fire information if yes, and output alert information if no, where the alert information contains the smoke data of the smoke above the smoke threshold value and detection positions thereof.

For example, the control unit is further configured to, in response to a combustible gas concentration threshold value input from the outside, cyclically determine whether more than half of combustible gas concentration data in the combustible gas data sets is above the combustible gas concentration threshold value, output warning information if yes, and output alert information if no, where the alert information contains the values of combustible gas concentration above the combustible gas concentration threshold value and detection positions thereof.

For example, the control unit is further configured to, in response to the fire information, trigger the firefighting material generator to perform firefighting operation, for example, ejecting aerosol, carbon dioxide, etc., and simultaneously trigger the alertor to give an alerting signal, for example, a sound signal and/or a light signal. For example, the firefighting material generator includes a sprinkler having structures such as a nozzle, a liquid reservoir and a pipe.

For example, the control unit is further configured to recheck the detection of the combustible gas to improve the detection accuracy. For example, the control unit is configured to, in response to the fire information, determine whether the warning information is received simultaneously, carry out no operation if yes, and if no, generate an anomaly set from all combustible gas concentration data of combustible gas concentration below a combustible gas concentration threshold value and the detection positions thereof, and output the anomaly set.

The firefighting system can recheck and calibrate the combustible gas concentration sensors based on the temperature sensors and the smoke sensors, and avoid disfunction of the equipment and further improve the fire safety performance of the equipment.

For example, as shown inFIG.7, thepower unit1 further includes anair inlet assembly18 and anair outlet assembly19. Theair inlet assembly18 is located at one side of the turbine engine along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is communicated with the accommodation space of themuffling compartment12. Theair outlet assembly19 is located at the other side of the turbine engine along the axial direction and disposed opposite to the air inlet assembly8, and theair outlet assembly19 is communicated with the accommodation space of themuffling compartment12. Theair inlet assembly18 and theair outlet assembly19 are configured to create a circulation environment in the muffling compartment, helping to dissipate heat from the compartment.

FIG.10A shows an enlarged schematic diagram of theair outlet assembly19. For example, as shown inFIG.10A, theair outlet assembly19 includes anair outlet pipe191 and a lead-outportion192 connected to theair outlet pipe191. The lead-out portion is configured to change an orientation of an air outlet192cof the air outlet assembly, thereby effectively reducing sand wind that may enter the muffling compartment via the air outlet assembly to cause damage to the materials in the compartment.

For example, during loading or transportation of the fracturing device, theair outlet assembly19 is generally closer to the front, namely the truck head, in the direction of transportation, while theair inlet assembly18 is closer to the back, namely the truck tail. Thus, the fracturing device can be conveniently unloaded to carry out fracturing work after arriving at the work site. Consequently, during transportation, sand wind can easily get into the muffling compartment via theair outlet assembly19.

As shown inFIG.10A, the lead-outportion192 is provided to change the orientation of the air outlet192cof theair outlet assembly19 from being horizontally forward (i.e., along the moving direction) to being obliquely downward, thus effectively reducing sand wind entering. The orientation of the air outlet192cof theair outlet assembly19 is shown by the dotted arrow inFIG.10A. However, the orientation of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly with the lead-out portion is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In another examples, the air outlet192cmay be upward or oriented laterally, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the lead-outportion192 is rotatably connected to theair outlet pipe191, and the orientation of the air outlet of theair outlet assembly19 can be changed by rotating the lead-outportion192.

As shown inFIG.10A, for example, the lead-outportion192 is in the shape of an elbow and has a cone-shaped section with a cone angle of, for example, 40°-60° (e.g., 45°).

For example, as shown inFIG.10A, the lead-outportion192 includes a shieldingportion192aand anair outlet portion192b.The shieldingportion192ais configured to shield anair outlet191aof theair outlet pipe191 to keep out the external sand wind. Theair outlet portion192bis configured to exhaust the gas that flows from theair outlet pipe191 into the lead-outportion192. The dividing line between the shieldingportion192aand theair outlet portion192bis shown by the dotted line perpendicular to theair outlet191aof theair outlet pipe191 inFIG.10A, which actually is not necessarily present.

For example, the orthographic projection of the shieldingportion192aon the plane where theair outlet191aof theair outlet pipe191 is positioned is at least partially overlapped with theair outlet191afor shielding, with an overlapping area greater than 30% of the area of the air outlet to realize effective shielding.

The lead-outportion192 is structurally designed to realize shielding, which does not need extra power or control.

In another examples, for example, as shown inFIG.10B, theair outlet portion192bmay include a revolvingshaft193aand ablade193bdisposed on the revolvingshaft193a.Theblade193bis capable of rotating around the revolving shaft, for example, under the action of an external force. For example, the revolving shaft and the blade are located at the air outlet of the air outlet portion. By rotating the blade, the air outlet portion can be opened and closed. For example, the air outlet portion may be closed during transportation and may be opened during fracturing.FIG.10B shows a schematic diagram of the revolving shaft and the blade when the air outlet portion is closed (on the left ofFIG.10B) and opened (on the right ofFIG.10B) respectively in a direction perpendicular to the air outlet surface of theair outlet portion192b.

For example, the power unit further includes an exhaust muffler which is communicated with theturbine engine12 through an exhaust pipe and configured to allow the gas from theturbine engine12 to be exhausted into the atmosphere after being muffled and deflected.FIG.11A shows a structural schematic diagram of an exhaust muffler according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown inFIG.11A, theexhaust muffler20 includes an L-shapedgas delivery pipe201. The L-shapedgas delivery pipe201 has anintake port201aat one end, and theintake port201ais communicated with theturbine engine12 through an exhaust pipe for gas intake, and thegas delivery pipe201 has anupward exhaust port201bat the other end, so as to exhaust the gas from the turbine engine to the atmosphere. The direction of gas delivery is shown by the arrow inFIG.11A.

Theexhaust muffler20 further includes amuffling layer202 disposed on the inner wall of thegas delivery pipe201 to serve for muffling. Noise generated during gas delivery can be effectively reduced when the gas in thegas delivery pipe201 is in contact with themuffling layer202. For example, themuffling layer202 includes soundproof sponge.

For example, theexhaust muffler20 further includes aperforated muffler plate203 located on the inner wall of themuffling layer202. Theperforated muffler plate203 has holes to allow the gas in thedelivery pipe201 to be in contact with themuffling layer202 for muffling.

FIG.11B shows a structural schematic diagram of theperforated muffler plate203. For example, theperforated muffler plate203 is tubular, andFIG.11B shows a partial schematic diagram of theperforated muffler plate203.

For example, theperforated muffler plate203 has a plurality of mufflingholes203aarranged in an array. Thus, the gas can be brought into full contact with the perforated muffler plate, and the muffling effect can be enhanced by collision between the gas and the hole walls of theperforated muffler plate203. For example, the mufflinghole203ahas a radius of 2-8 mm. The planar shape of the muffling hole is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the planar shape of the muffling hole may be elongated round, oval, square, diamond, etc.

For example, as shown inFIG.11A, theintake port201aof theexhaust muffler20 has a retracted structure. The inner diameter of the retracted structure is gradually reduced along the intake direction. The space undergoes contraction when the exhaust gas enters thegas delivery pipe201, so that the gas flow direction changes rapidly, thereby improving the muffling effect.

For example, as shown inFIG.11A, theexhaust muffler20 further includes a thermal insulatinglayer204 located between the inner wall of theexhaust muffler20 and themuffling layer202 to prevent a housing of the exhaust muffler from being too hot. For example, the thermal insulation design is necessary because the temperature of the exhaust gas from the turbine engine is up to 600° C.

For example, theexhaust muffler20 further includes awater port205 located in the bottom. For example, when water flows into theexhaust muffler20, the water can be drained through theperforated muffler plate203 and finally discharged via thewater port205.

Theexhaust muffler20 shown inFIG.11A keeps the gas delivery pipe unblocked while serving for muffling, thus reducing the exhaust resistance and improving the exhaust efficiency.

FIG.11C is a structural schematic diagram of an exhaust muffler according to another embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown inFIG.11C, theexhaust muffler20 differs from the embodiment shown inFIG.11A in that theexhaust muffler20 includes amuffling barrier206 to realize the noise reduction function by increasing the exhaust resistance. For example, the mufflingbarrier206 includes a heat-resisting material to absorb noise. For example, the heat-resisting material is soundproof sponge. For example, the mufflingbarrier206 is disposed in a branch, close to theexhaust port201b,of thegas delivery pipe201, and the exhaust gas entering the pipe arrives at theexhaust port201bthrough themuffling barrier206.

For example, in some examples, the air outlet of the lead-outportion192 of theair outlet assembly19 is oriented towards the outer surface of theexhaust muffler20, so that the surface of the exhaust muffler is cooled by the exhaust gas from theair outlet assembly19, thus realizing effective utilization of the exhaust gas.

As shown inFIG.7, thefracturing device5 further includes afracturing pump unit2. The fracturingpump unit2 includes a fracturingpump21 which is, for example, a plunger pump. Thefracturing device5 further includes atransmission mechanism3. For example, thetransmission mechanism3 includes a coupling. For example, the coupling may be in the form of a flexible coupling, a transmission shaft, a clutch, etc.

The fracturingpump unit2 is connected to thepower unit1 through thetransmission mechanism3, and thepower unit1 is configured to drive the fracturingpump21 to carry out fracturing work. Theturbine engine12, thetransmission mechanism3 and the fracturingpump21 are disposed in the axial direction of the turbine engine in sequence, for example, coaxially, thus improving the transmission efficiency.

FIG.12 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown inFIG.12, the turbine engine, the deceleration mechanism, the transmission mechanism and the fracturing pump are disposed in the axial direction of the turbine engine in sequence, for example, coaxially, thus improving the transmission efficiency.

For example, the fracturing device may further include a brake mechanism disposed between the turbine engine and the fracturing pump, thus realizing power cutoff between the fracturing pump and the turbine engine. For example, when the turbine engine is started, the speed is initially not high enough, and the brake mechanism may be started to prevent the pump from being driven and affecting the fracturing effect. For example, the brake mechanism may include a brake block, a brake caliper, etc.

As shown inFIG.12, the brake mechanism may be disposed at any one or more of the position between the turbine engine and the deceleration mechanism (i.e. position A), the position between the deceleration mechanism and the transmission mechanism (i.e. position B) and the position between the transmission mechanism and the fracturing pump (i.e. position C), finally realizing cutoff between power input and output. For example, as shown inFIG.7, the brake mechanism may be located between thedeceleration mechanism16 and thetransmission mechanism3 or integrated into thedeceleration mechanism16, providing a more compact integrated structure.

As shown inFIG.7, the fracturingpump unit2 further includes athird lubricating system22 which is configured to lubricate the fracturingpump21. Thethird lubricating system22 includes anelectric motor221 and is located at the side, away from theair intake unit13, of thetransmission mechanism3. Thethird lubricating system22 further includes a lubricatingoil reservoir222.

For example, as shown inFIG.7, thethird lubricating system22 is located below thetransmission mechanism3, thus saving space.

For example, as shown inFIG.7, the fracturingpump unit2 further includes a lubricatingoil heat sink23 which is configured to cool thethird lubricating system22. The lubricatingoil heat sink23 is located above the fracturingpump21, i.e., at the side, away from a base of the fracturingpump21, of the fracturingpump21. For example, the lubricatingoil heat sink23 includes anelectric motor231 and aradiator232.

The lubricatingoil heat sink23 and the fracturingpump21 are arranged longitudinally, providing a more compact structure.

For example, the fracturingpump unit2 further includes a fracturingpump base24 located below the fracturing pump21 (i.e., at the side away from the air intake unit13). The fracturingpump base24 is configured to bolster the fracturingpump21, so that the fracturingpump21 and theturbine engine12 are linearly arranged in the axial direction of theturbine engine12, thus improving the transmission efficiency.

For example, as shown inFIG.7, thefracturing device5 further includes abottom skid6. Thepower unit1 and thepump unit2 are mounted on thebottom skid6 to be fixed.

In the example as shown inFIG.7, thefracturing device5 is a skid-mounted device. However, this is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. In another examples, thefracturing device5 may also be a vehicle-mounted device or a semitrailer mounted device.

FIG.13A is a schematic diagram of a fracturing device according to another embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown inFIG.13A, thepower unit1 further includes apower skid51. Themuffling compartment11 is mounted on thepower skid51 to be fixed. Thepump unit2 further includes apump skid52. Thepump skid52 has abearing surface523, and the fracturingpump21 is mounted on thebearing surface523 of thepump skid52 to be fixed. Control circuits and circuit traces for thepower unit1 are disposed on thepower skid51 and control circuits and circuit traces for thepump unit2 are disposed on thepump skid52.

The forms of the power skid and the pump skid are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the power skid/pump skid may merely include a bottom structure, or may include a bottom structure and a cage structure extending upwards. The cage structure is configured to further fix the unit mounted on the bottom structure.

For example, thepower skid51 and thepump skid52 are detachably connected to facilitate transportation. The connection manner of thepower skid51 and thepump skid52 is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the two skids may be connected through a fastener, a connecting plate, etc.

For example, thepower skid51 and thepump skid52 may be connected through a lug plate. One of thepower skid51 and thepump skid52 has a single-lug plate, while the other one has a double-lug plate, and the two plates are connected through a pin shaft.

FIG.13B shows a three-dimensional diagram of the connection between the power skid and the pump skid, andFIG.13C shows a top view of the connection. As shown inFIG.13B, thepower skid51 has a single-lug plate510, while thepump skid52 has a double-lug plate520. The single-lug plate510 is inserted into the double-lug plate520. Pin holes of the two plates are aligned, and apin shaft530 is inserted into the pin holes to connect the power skid and the pump skid.

For example, thefracturing device5 may further include anintegrated skid53. Thepower skid51 and thepump skid52 are respectively mounted on theintegrated skid53 to be fixed. For example, thepower skid51 and thepump skid52 are detachably connected to theintegrated skid53 separately, thereby facilitating transportation.

FIG.14A andFIG.14B are schematic diagrams of a fracturing device according to still another embodiments of the present disclosure. Unlike the embodiment shown inFIG.13A, thepower skid51 includes aturnable mechanism54 which is configured to be turned over to a horizontal state to carry thepump skid52. For example, thepump skid52 is detachably connected to theturnable mechanism54. When the fracturing device is transported, thepump skid52 may be removed and theturnable mechanism54 may be recovered. After the arrival at the work site, theturnable mechanism54 may be turned over to be horizontal and thepump skid52 is mounted on theturnable mechanism54.FIG.14A andFIG.14B show schematic diagrams of the turnable mechanism of the fracturing device being recovered and being working, respectively. For example, thepower skid51 may be integrated with the muffling compartment and the turbine engine and the pump skid may be integrated with the fracturing pump. For example, theturnable mechanism54 may further serve to bolster thepump skid52, so that the fracturing pump and the turbine engine are linearly arranged in the axial direction of the turbine engine, thus improving the transmission efficiency.

In at least one example, the turbine engine in the fracturing device is driven by a fuel (e.g., natural gas), while other auxiliary power systems (e.g., power for the lubricating systems, the cooling system, the cleaner, the starter, the brake mechanism, the deceleration mechanism, the heat sink and the gas pipe system) are all driven electrically. As a result, the fracturing device has the advantages of compact structure, small size and environmental protection while having high driving efficiency. In addition, the power supply pressure in the fracturing work site can be reduced.

In the case of no conflict, the features in the same embodiment or in different embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

The above are only specific implementations of the present disclosure, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions conceivable for one skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field should be fallen within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims

Claims (19)

What is claimed is:

1. An operation method of a turbine fracturing device, the turbine fracturing device comprising a turbine engine, a speed reducer, a brake mechanism, and a fracturing pump, the method comprising:

driving, by the turbine engine, the fracturing pump to perform a fracturing operation through the speed reducer so as to keep the fracturing pump in an operating state, the fracturing pump being configured to suck a fluid of a first pressure and discharge a fluid of a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure;

terminating the operating state of the fracturing pump in response to an operation termination instruction when the fracturing pump is in the operating state, wherein the operation termination instruction triggers an idling instruction; and

in response to the idling instruction, the turbine engine entering an idling state and triggering a brake operation so as to keep the fracturing pump in a non-operating state.

2. An operation method of a turbine fracturing device, the turbine fracturing device comprising a turbine engine, a speed reducer, a brake mechanism, and a fracturing pump, the method comprising:

driving, by the turbine engine, the fracturing pump to perform a fracturing operation through the speed reducer so as to keep the fracturing pump in an operating state, the fracturing pump being configured to suck a fluid of a first pressure and discharge a fluid of a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure;

triggering an overpressure instruction when a pressure of the fluid of the second pressure discharged by the fracturing pump is greater than an overpressure protection value, wherein the overpressure instruction triggers an idling instruction; and

in response to the idling instruction, entering, by the turbine engine, an idling state and triggering a brake operation so as to keep the fracturing pump in a non-operating state.

3. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 1, further comprising: starting the turbine engine in response to a start instruction before the fracturing pump is in the operating state, wherein the start instruction triggers the idling instruction, so that the turbine engine is in the idling state during a start process of the turbine engine.

4. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 1, wherein the operation termination instruction is inputted manually to terminate the operating state of the fracturing pump.

5. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 1, wherein the operation termination instruction is triggered by an alarm protection program to terminate the operating state of the fracturing pump, and the alarm protection program comprises triggering the operation termination instruction when a pressure of a lubricating oil of the fracturing pump is less than a first predetermined value, a temperature of the lubricating oil of the fracturing pump is greater than a second predetermined value, or a pressure of a lubricating oil of the speed reducer is less than a third predetermined value.

6. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 1, further comprising: stopping the fracturing operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction, wherein the emergency stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, the emergency stop instruction is triggered by an emergency stop protection program, and the emergency stop protection program comprises triggering the emergency stop instruction when a pressure of a lubricating oil of the turbine engine is less than a first predetermined value, a vibration amplitude of the turbine engine is greater than a second predetermined value, or an exhaust temperature of the turbine engine is greater than a third predetermined value.

7. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 1, further comprising: stopping the fracturing operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction, wherein the emergency stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, the emergency stop instruction is triggered by manually judging emergencies to trigger the emergency stop instruction when an emergency stop protection program is not triggered.

8. An operation method of a turbine fracturing device, the turbine fracturing device comprising a turbine engine, a speed reducer, a brake mechanism, and a fracturing pump, the method comprising:

driving, by the turbine engine, the fracturing pump to perform a fracturing operation through the speed reducer so as to keep the fracturing pump in an operating state, the fracturing pump being configured to suck a fluid of a first pressure and discharge a fluid of a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure;

in response to an idling instruction, the turbine engine entering an idling state and triggering a brake operation so as to keep the fracturing pump in a non-operating state; and

stopping the fracturing operation in response to a stop instruction and stopping the turbine fracturing device, wherein the stop instruction triggers the idling instruction.

9. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 1, wherein the idling instruction triggers a brake instruction, and the brake operation is triggered in response to the brake instruction.

10. A turbine fracturing device, operated by the operation method according toclaim 1.

11. The turbine fracturing device according toclaim 10, wherein the speed reducer comprises a reduction gearbox, the speed reducer is connected with the fracturing pump through a transmission shaft.

12. The turbine fracturing device according toclaim 11, wherein the brake mechanism comprises a brake plate and a brake block, the brake block is arranged on the reduction gearbox, the brake plate is connected with the transmission shaft, and the brake block is driven by a hydraulic unit.

13. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 2, further comprising: starting the turbine engine in response to a start instruction before the fracturing pump is in the operating state, wherein the start instruction triggers the idling instruction, so that the turbine engine is in the idling state during a start process of the turbine engine.

14. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 8, further comprising: starting the turbine engine in response to a start instruction before the fracturing pump is in the operating state, wherein the start instruction triggers the idling instruction, so that the turbine engine is in the idling state during a start process of the turbine engine.

15. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 2, further comprising: stopping the fracturing operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction, wherein the emergency stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, the emergency stop instruction is triggered by an emergency stop protection program, and the emergency stop protection program comprises triggering the emergency stop instruction when a pressure of a lubricating oil of the turbine engine is less than a fourth predetermined value, a vibration amplitude of the turbine engine is greater than a fifth predetermined value, or an exhaust temperature of the turbine engine is greater than a sixth predetermined value.

16. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 8, further comprising: stopping the fracturing operation of the fracturing pump in response to an emergency stop instruction, wherein the emergency stop instruction triggers the idling instruction, the emergency stop instruction is triggered by an emergency stop protection program, and the emergency stop protection program comprises triggering the emergency stop instruction when a pressure of a lubricating oil of the turbine engine is less than a fourth predetermined value, a vibration amplitude of the turbine engine is greater than a fifth predetermined value, or an exhaust temperature of the turbine engine is greater than a sixth predetermined value.

17. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 2, wherein the idling instruction triggers a brake instruction, and the brake operation is triggered in response to the brake instruction.

18. The operation method of the turbine fracturing device according toclaim 8, wherein the idling instruction triggers a brake instruction, and the brake operation is triggered in response to the brake instruction.

19. A turbine fracturing device, operated by the operation method according toclaim 8.

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