TWI857407B - Electric power regulating system with wind power and control method and control device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides an electric power regulating system with wind power and a control method and a control device thereof. The power regulating system includes a hybrid energy storage system, a wind turbine, and a control device. The hybrid energy storage system is coupled to a grid and includes a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device. The wind turbines are connected in parallel to the hybrid energy storage system. The control device is coupled to the hybrid energy storage system, the wind turbine, and the grid. The control device predicts predicted power generation information of the wind turbine by using a power generation prediction model. The control device controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform a discharge operation according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine, so as to maintain the system output result of the wind turbine in a preset state.

Description

Translated fromChinese

結合風力發電的電力調節系統與其控制方法與控制裝置Power regulation system combined with wind power generation and control method and control device thereof

本發明是有關於一種儲能方法，且特別是有關於一種電力調節系統與其控制方法與控制裝置。The present invention relates to an energy storage method, and in particular to an electric power regulation system and its control method and control device.

隨著現代人生活對於電力的依賴越來越重，世界各國的電力需求與尖峰負載逐年攀升。因此，停電與缺電問題也成為目前世界各國都力求解決的重要議題。當發電廠供電不足時，為了讓電網仍可持續穩定的供電，儲能設備的可行性與重要性在近年已經受到各方關注。儲能設備可在發電廠的供電功率不足以應付用電負荷時介入輸出電力至電網，以使發電廠有緩衝時間去處理電力事故或提高供電功率(例如啟用備轉容量)，從而穩定電網的供電。As modern people rely more and more on electricity, the electricity demand and peak load in countries around the world are rising year by year. Therefore, power outages and power shortages have become important issues that countries around the world are trying to solve. When power plants are insufficient, in order to ensure that the power grid can continue to supply power stably, the feasibility and importance of energy storage equipment have attracted attention from all parties in recent years. Energy storage equipment can intervene to output power to the power grid when the power supply of the power plant is insufficient to cope with the power load, so that the power plant has buffer time to deal with power accidents or increase the power supply (such as activating the backup capacity), thereby stabilizing the power supply of the power grid.

目前來說，電網常見的儲能設備仍是以鋰電池儲能系統為主流。鋰電池儲能系統的優點在於具有較高的能量存儲密度而適於儲存相對高容量的電能。但是，鋰電池儲能系統的缺點在於功率密度較低，其無法以大電流持續快速放電。換言之，鋰電池儲能系統無法滿足瞬時放電的需求以及長時間高功率放電的需求等等。也就是說，單一類型的儲能設備逐漸難以滿足現行電網於不同狀況下的需求。At present, the common energy storage equipment in the power grid is still lithium battery energy storage system. The advantage of lithium battery energy storage system is that it has a high energy storage density and is suitable for storing relatively high-capacity electrical energy. However, the disadvantage of lithium battery energy storage system is that the power density is low and it cannot discharge rapidly and continuously with a large current. In other words, lithium battery energy storage system cannot meet the needs of instantaneous discharge and long-term high-power discharge. In other words, a single type of energy storage equipment is gradually unable to meet the needs of the current power grid under different conditions.

此外，由於能源耗竭與溫室效應等共同問題，為了追求永續發展與降低碳排，世界各國因而紛紛投入風力、太陽光電等再生能源開發與推廣。然而，再生能源的發電並不穩定，大量再生能源併入電網會造成電力不穩與電力調度不易，也容易導致電力系統設備或負載設備損壞，因此再生能源併入電網有其限制。In addition, due to common problems such as energy depletion and greenhouse effects, in order to pursue sustainable development and reduce carbon emissions, countries around the world have invested in the development and promotion of renewable energy such as wind power and solar photovoltaics. However, the generation of renewable energy is not stable. The incorporation of a large amount of renewable energy into the power grid will cause power instability and difficulty in power dispatch, and it is also easy to cause damage to power system equipment or load equipment. Therefore, there are limitations to the incorporation of renewable energy into the power grid.

以風力發電說，由於風力發電的發電量具備隨機性和間歇性的特點，會造成風力發電系統的輸出電力頻繁波動，亦即風力發電的可靠性與穩定度並不佳。因此，當風電比重過大，會使得電網的調頻與調壓的壓力加大。也就是說，獨立的風力發電系統難以提供穩定且連續的功率輸出，風力發電直接併入電網必然會影響到整體電力系統的安全度與穩定度。由此可見，基於風力發電的隨機性及不可控性，風力發電大規模的併入電網對電力系統規劃帶來許多新挑戰。此外，由於風力發電的供電功率的波動特性與電網負荷的波動特性難以一致，此現象使得電網的調峰問題更加被凸顯，且對調峰容量和回應速度都提出了更高的要求。因此，從電網安全角度考慮，為風力發電系統引入儲能裝置來平抑其功率波動，是未來風力發電的必然趨勢。Take wind power generation for example. Since the amount of wind power generation is random and intermittent, the output power of the wind power generation system will fluctuate frequently, which means that the reliability and stability of wind power generation are not good. Therefore, when the proportion of wind power is too large, the frequency and voltage regulation pressure of the power grid will increase. In other words, it is difficult for an independent wind power generation system to provide stable and continuous power output. The direct integration of wind power generation into the power grid will inevitably affect the safety and stability of the overall power system. It can be seen that based on the randomness and uncontrollability of wind power generation, the large-scale integration of wind power generation into the power grid brings many new challenges to the planning of the power system. In addition, since the fluctuation characteristics of wind power supply are difficult to be consistent with the fluctuation characteristics of power grid load, this phenomenon makes the peak load regulation problem of power grid more prominent, and puts forward higher requirements for peak load regulation capacity and response speed. Therefore, from the perspective of power grid safety, it is an inevitable trend for wind power generation in the future to introduce energy storage devices into wind power generation systems to smooth out their power fluctuations.

此外，目前台電公司已承認有缺電的缺口，明年核二廠退役後，電力供應不足的可能性更高。由於電網與能源系統有複雜的因果關係，因此一開始不建議馬上建置大範圍(Large Scale)的智慧(AI)電網，建議切割為大型智慧(AI)電網、中型智慧(AI)電網、智慧(AI)微電網(Micro Grid)來依序進行佈建。亦即，先從小型的智慧(AI)微電網先做起，再往複雜度高的中、大型智慧(AI)電網逐步前進發展。目前來說，初步分類如下，大型智慧(AI)電網可提供1GWh等級以上的電力供應；中型智慧(AI)電網可提供100MWh~1GMWh等級的電力供應；智慧(AI)微電網可提供10MWh~100MWh等級(工廠等級)的電力供應。In addition, Taipower Company has admitted that there is a power shortage. After the retirement of the second nuclear power plant next year, the possibility of power shortage is higher. Since the power grid and the energy system have a complex causal relationship, it is not recommended to build a large-scale smart (AI) power grid immediately at the beginning. It is recommended to divide it into large-scale smart (AI) power grid, medium-scale smart (AI) power grid, and smart (AI) micro grid (Micro Grid) to be deployed in sequence. In other words, start with a small smart (AI) micro grid, and then gradually move forward to the complex medium and large smart (AI) power grids. At present, the preliminary classification is as follows: large-scale intelligent (AI) power grids can provide power supply above 1GWh; medium-sized intelligent (AI) power grids can provide power supply at the level of 100MWh~1GMWh; intelligent (AI) micro-power grids can provide power supply at the level of 10MWh~100MWh (factory level).

本發明實施例提供一種結合風力發電的電力調節系統，其包括混合儲能系統、風力發電機組以及控制裝置。混合儲能系統耦接至電網，並包括飛輪儲能裝置以及電化學儲能裝置。風力發電機組並聯連接於混合儲能系統。控制裝置耦接混合儲能系統、風力發電機組與電網。控制裝置利用發電預測模型預測風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或利用電網意外事件預測模型預測意外事件是否會發生以及意外事件的事件類別。控制裝置根據風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或根據電網意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統進行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態，並維持電網正常運作。An embodiment of the present invention provides an electric power regulation system combined with wind power generation, which includes a hybrid energy storage system, a wind turbine generator set and a control device. The hybrid energy storage system is coupled to the power grid and includes a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device. The wind turbine generator set is connected in parallel to the hybrid energy storage system. The control device couples the hybrid energy storage system, the wind turbine generator set and the power grid. The control device uses a power generation prediction model to predict the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set or uses a power grid accident prediction model to predict whether an accident will occur and the event category of the accident. The control device controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform charging and discharging operations according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine or the event type of the power grid accident, so that the system output result of the wind turbine is maintained at the preset state and the power grid is maintained in normal operation.

本發明實施例提供一種電力調節系統的控制方法。電力調節系統包括混合儲能系統與風力發電機組，而混合儲能系統包括飛輪儲能裝置以及電化學儲能裝置。所述方法包括下列步驟。利用發電預測模型預測風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或利用電網意外事件預測模型預測意外事件是否會發生以及意外事件的事件類別。根據風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或根據電網意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統進行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態，並維持電網正常運作。The embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for an electric power regulation system. The electric power regulation system includes a hybrid energy storage system and a wind turbine generator set, and the hybrid energy storage system includes a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device. The method includes the following steps. The predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set is predicted using a power generation prediction model, or the power grid accident prediction model is used to predict whether an accident will occur and the event type of the accident. The hybrid energy storage system is controlled to perform charging and discharging operations according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set or according to the event type of the power grid accident, so that the system output result of the wind turbine generator set is maintained in a preset state and the power grid is maintained in normal operation.

本發明實施例提供一種控制裝置，其適於控制一混合儲能系統。混合儲能系統包括一飛輪儲能裝置以及一電化學儲能裝置。此控制裝置包括收發器、儲存裝置與處理器。儲存裝置儲存有多個指令。處理器耦接儲存裝置，並執行上述指令以執行下列步驟。收發器可傳送及接收外部裝置的指令與資訊。利用發電預測模型預測風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或利用電網意外事件預測模型預測意外事件是否會發生以及意外事件的事件類別。根據風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或根據電網意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統進行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態，並維持電網正常運作。An embodiment of the present invention provides a control device suitable for controlling a hybrid energy storage system. The hybrid energy storage system includes a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device. The control device includes a transceiver, a storage device and a processor. The storage device stores a plurality of instructions. The processor is coupled to the storage device and executes the above instructions to perform the following steps. The transceiver can transmit and receive instructions and information from an external device. The predicted power generation information of a wind turbine is predicted using a power generation prediction model, or the power grid accident prediction model is used to predict whether an accident will occur and the event category of the accident. The hybrid energy storage system is controlled to perform charging and discharging operations based on the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine or the event type of the power grid accident, so that the system output result of the wind turbine is maintained at the preset state and the power grid is maintained in normal operation.

基於上述，本發明實施例可將包括飛輪儲能裝置與電化學儲能裝置的混合儲能系統整合至具備風力發電的微電網之中，並可與其他現行電網相連。風力發電機組的預測發電資訊可透過人工智慧的發電預測模型進行預測或利用電網意外事件預測模型預測意外事件是否會發生以及意外事件的事件類別。於是，混合儲能系統可根據風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或根據電網意外事件的事件類別來提前執行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態，並維持電網正常運作。基此，即便風力發電具備隨機性和間歇性，本發明實施例的混合儲能系統可基於預測發電資訊來有效平抑風力發電的功率波動，以使風力發電的系統輸出結果可以是穩定且可靠的。同時本發明實施例的混合儲能系統中的飛輪儲能裝置具有響應速度快且可大功率輸出的特徵，相當於具有濾波器的功能，以平滑調節高頻的電力波動，可基於預測電網意外事件來阻止電網頻率快速驟降而降低跳電現象的發生機率。Based on the above, the embodiment of the present invention can integrate a hybrid energy storage system including a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device into a microgrid with wind power generation, and can be connected to other existing power grids. The predicted power generation information of the wind turbine can be predicted by an artificial intelligence power generation prediction model or by using a power grid accident prediction model to predict whether an accident will occur and the event type of the accident. Therefore, the hybrid energy storage system can perform charging and discharging operations in advance according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine or according to the event type of the power grid accident, so that the system output result of the wind turbine is maintained in a preset state and the power grid is maintained in normal operation. Therefore, even if wind power generation is random and intermittent, the hybrid energy storage system of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively smooth out the power fluctuation of wind power generation based on the predicted power generation information, so that the system output result of wind power generation can be stable and reliable. At the same time, the flywheel energy storage device in the hybrid energy storage system of the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of fast response speed and high power output, which is equivalent to having the function of a filter to smoothly adjust high-frequency power fluctuations. It can prevent the rapid drop of power grid frequency based on the prediction of power grid accidents and reduce the probability of power outages.

10:電力調節系統10: Power regulation system

110:混合儲能系統110: Hybrid energy storage system

111:飛輪儲能裝置111: Flywheel energy storage device

112:電化學儲能裝置112:Electrochemical energy storage device

120:風力發電機組120: Wind turbine generator set

130:智慧控制裝置130: Intelligent control device

131:儲存裝置131: Storage device

132:處理器132: Processor

133:收發器133: Transceiver

140:電網140: Power grid

121:風力驅動機構121: Wind-driven mechanism

122:發電機122: Generator

123:交流-直流轉換器123: AC-DC converter

123a:橋式整流器123a: Bridge rectifier

123b:直流-直流轉換器123b: DC-DC converter

S402~S410,S502~S510,S602~S620,S702~S718:步驟S402~S410,S502~S510,S602~S620,S702~S718: Steps

圖1是依據本發明之實施例繪示的結合風力發電的電力調節系統的示意圖。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a power regulation system combined with wind power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖2是依據本發明之實施例繪示的控制裝置的示意圖。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖3是依據本發明之實施例繪示的混合儲能系統並聯連接風力發電機組的示意圖。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid energy storage system connected in parallel to a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖4是依據本發明之實施例繪示的電力調節系統的控制方法的流程圖。FIG4 is a flow chart of a control method of a power regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖5是依據本發明之實施例繪示的根據預測發電資訊控制混合儲能系統的流程圖。FIG5 is a flow chart of controlling a hybrid energy storage system based on predicted power generation information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖6是依據本發明之實施例繪示的混合儲能系統進行充電操作的流程圖。FIG6 is a flow chart of the charging operation of the hybrid energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖7是依據本發明之實施例繪示的混合儲能系統進行調頻操作的流程圖。FIG7 is a flow chart of the frequency modulation operation of the hybrid energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖8是依據本發明之實施例繪示的電網頻率的示意圖。FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the power grid frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.

本發明的部份實施例接下來將會配合附圖來詳細描述，以下的描述所引用的元件符號，當不同附圖出現相同的元件符號將視為相同或相似的元件。這些實施例只是本發明的一部份，並未揭示所有本發明的可實施方式。更確切的說，這些實施例只是本發明的專利申請範圍中的方法、系統與裝置的範例。Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The component symbols cited in the following description will be regarded as the same or similar components when the same component symbols appear in different drawings. These embodiments are only part of the present invention and do not disclose all possible implementations of the present invention. More precisely, these embodiments are only examples of methods, systems and devices within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

請參照圖1，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的結合風力發電的電力調節系統的示意圖。電力調節系統10包括混合儲能系統110、風力發電機組120，以及控制裝置130。於一些實施例中，風力發電機組120可為其他的種類的發電機組，例如太陽能發電機組與火力發電機組等等。Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a power regulation system combined with wind power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepower regulation system 10 includes a hybridenergy storage system 110, a wind power generator set 120, and acontrol device 130. In some embodiments, the wind power generator set 120 may be other types of generator sets, such as solar power generator sets and thermal power generator sets.

混合儲能系統110耦接至電網140，並包括飛輪(Flywheel)儲能裝置111以及電化學(Electrochemistry)儲能裝置112。風力發電機組120並聯連接於混合儲能系統110。於一些實施例中，風力發電機組120與混合儲能系統110可組成微電網(Micro Grid)電力系統，此微電網電力系統還可包括其他儲能設備與再生能源發電裝置或其他發電裝置(例如太陽能發電裝置或柴油發電裝置等等)，共同形成閉迴路控制系統，由控制裝置130以人工智慧控制。The hybridenergy storage system 110 is coupled to thepower grid 140 and includes a flywheelenergy storage device 111 and an electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. Thewind turbine 120 is connected in parallel to the hybridenergy storage system 110. In some embodiments, thewind turbine 120 and the hybridenergy storage system 110 can form a microgrid power system, which can also include other energy storage devices and renewable energy generation devices or other generation devices (such as solar power generation devices or diesel generation devices, etc.), together forming a closed loop control system, which is controlled by thecontrol device 130 with artificial intelligence.

值得一提的是，風力發電機組120與混合儲能系統110所組成的微電網電力系統可並聯電網140運轉，且可解聯於電網140而獨立運轉。也就是說，風力發電機組120所產生的電力可供自身所處的微電網電力系統使用，亦可供外部電網140來使用。並且，混合儲能系統110可接收風力發電機組120或外部電網140所提供的電力進行充電操作，且混合儲能系統110也可透過放電操作來供應電力給自身所處的微電網電力系統或外部電網140使用。由此可見，風力發電機組120與混合儲能系統110組成的微電網不僅可實現區域發電自產自用減少調度傳輸損耗，也可在外部電網140出現意外事件或電力供應不足的時候提供電力支援。It is worth mentioning that the microgrid power system composed of the wind turbine generator set 120 and the hybridenergy storage system 110 can be operated in parallel with thepower grid 140, and can be disconnected from thepower grid 140 and operate independently. In other words, the power generated by the wind turbine generator set 120 can be used by the microgrid power system in which it is located, and can also be used by theexternal power grid 140. In addition, the hybridenergy storage system 110 can receive the power provided by the wind turbine generator set 120 or theexternal power grid 140 for charging operation, and the hybridenergy storage system 110 can also supply power to the microgrid power system in which it is located or theexternal power grid 140 through discharge operation. It can be seen that the microgrid composed ofwind turbines 120 and hybridenergy storage system 110 can not only realize regional power generation and self-use to reduce scheduling and transmission losses, but also provide power support when an accident or insufficient power supply occurs in theexternal power grid 140.

混合儲能系統110包括飛輪儲能裝置111以及電化學儲能裝置112。電化學儲能裝置112例如是鋰電池儲能裝置，但可不限於此。飛輪儲能裝置111可將電能以機械能形式儲存在高速旋轉的飛輪轉子中。飛輪儲能裝置111由飛輪轉子、磁浮軸承、電動機、發電機、真空艙體、保護外殼以及電力變換電路構成。也就是說，飛輪儲能裝置111是利用飛輪實現電能存儲以及機械能與電能之間轉化的儲能系統。飛輪儲能裝置111透過電動機將電能轉換成機械能並存儲在高速旋轉的飛輪中。當飛輪儲能裝置111進行放電操作時，再由飛輪帶動發電機發電。如此一來，可通過飛輪之加速與減速來實現能量的存儲及釋放。The hybridenergy storage system 110 includes a flywheelenergy storage device 111 and an electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. The electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is, for example, a lithium battery energy storage device, but is not limited thereto. The flywheelenergy storage device 111 can store electrical energy in the form of mechanical energy in a high-speed rotating flywheel rotor. The flywheelenergy storage device 111 is composed of a flywheel rotor, a magnetic bearing, a motor, a generator, a vacuum capsule, a protective casing, and an electric power conversion circuit. That is, the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is an energy storage system that uses a flywheel to realize electrical energy storage and conversion between mechanical energy and electrical energy. The flywheelenergy storage device 111 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the motor and stores it in the high-speed rotating flywheel. When the flywheelenergy storage device 111 performs a discharge operation, the flywheel drives the generator to generate electricity. In this way, energy storage and release can be achieved through the acceleration and deceleration of the flywheel.

須說明的是，飛輪儲能裝置111中的飛輪可由多種不同材料來製作而成，但不同飛輪材料具有不同性能。飛輪儲能裝置111最早是用鋼製碟盤型轉子，但其能量密度不高。之後，使用複合材料轉子的碟盤型結構飛輪被提出。雖然使用複合材料轉子的碟盤型結構飛輪雖有較高的能量密度，但其質量仍受限於結構和穩定性。更詳細來說，飛輪儲能裝置111的儲能量取決於轉子的慣量和最高轉速的平方，其單位重量的能量密度(單位：Wh/Kg)可由公式E/m=Ksσ/ρ來表示，其中Ks為轉子的幾何形狀係數；σ為轉子的抗拉強度；ρ為材料密度。也就是說，當想要獲取較高的能量密度時，設計目標是增加σ和降低ρ。於一些實施例中，飛輪儲能裝置111的轉子可是使用碳纖維複合材料來製作，以達到更高的抗拉強度及較輕的重量。舉例而言，飛輪儲能裝置111的轉子可是使用T700碳纖維材料或T800碳纖維材料來製作。It should be noted that the flywheel in the flywheelenergy storage device 111 can be made of a variety of different materials, but different flywheel materials have different properties. The flywheelenergy storage device 111 was originally made of a steel disc-type rotor, but its energy density was not high. Later, a disc-type structure flywheel using a composite rotor was proposed. Although the disc-type structure flywheel using a composite rotor has a higher energy density, its mass is still limited by structure and stability. In more detail, the storage energy of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 depends on the inertia of the rotor and the square of the maximum rotational speed, and its energy density per unit weight (unit: Wh/Kg) can be expressed by the formula E/m=Ksσ/ρ, where Ks is the geometric shape coefficient of the rotor; σ is the tensile strength of the rotor; and ρ is the material density. That is, when a higher energy density is desired, the design goal is to increase σ and reduce ρ. In some embodiments, the rotor of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 may be made of a carbon fiber composite material to achieve higher tensile strength and lighter weight. For example, the rotor of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 may be made of a T700 carbon fiber material or a T800 carbon fiber material.

飛輪儲能裝置111的儲存容量以及電化學儲能裝置112的儲存容量之間的比例可視實際需求來設計。於一些實施例中，基於電化學儲能裝置112的能量儲存密度較高，亦即在相同空間下電化學儲能裝置112可儲存較多電能，因此電化學儲能裝置112的儲存容量一般大於飛輪儲能裝置111的儲存容量。舉例而言，飛輪儲能裝置111的儲存容量可設計為3MW，而電化學儲能裝置112可設計為3MW的兩倍以上，像是8.8MW，但可不限制於此。The ratio between the storage capacity of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the storage capacity of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be designed according to actual needs. In some embodiments, based on the higher energy storage density of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112, that is, the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can store more electrical energy in the same space, the storage capacity of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is generally greater than the storage capacity of the flywheelenergy storage device 111. For example, the storage capacity of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 can be designed to be 3MW, and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be designed to be more than twice of 3MW, such as 8.8MW, but it is not limited thereto.

控制裝置130耦接混合儲能系統110、風力發電機組120與電網140。控制裝置130用以控制混合儲能系統110進行充放電操作。控制裝置130還可透過各式通訊介面或資料傳輸介面來接收外部裝置傳送來指令與資訊。於一些實施例中，控制裝置130可以設置於混合儲能系統110的功率調節系統(Power Conditioning System)中。或者，於一些實施例中，控制裝置130可以設置於能源管理系統(Energy Management System，EMS)中。Thecontrol device 130 is coupled to the hybridenergy storage system 110, the wind turbine generator set 120 and thepower grid 140. Thecontrol device 130 is used to control the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform charging and discharging operations. Thecontrol device 130 can also receive instructions and information sent by an external device through various communication interfaces or data transmission interfaces. In some embodiments, thecontrol device 130 can be set in the power conditioning system (Power Conditioning System) of the hybridenergy storage system 110. Alternatively, in some embodiments, thecontrol device 130 can be set in the energy management system (Energy Management System, EMS).

請參照圖2，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的控制裝置的示意圖。控制裝置130包括儲存裝置131、處理器132，以及收發器133。處理器132耦接儲存裝置131與收發器133。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thecontrol device 130 includes astorage device 131, aprocessor 132, and atransceiver 133. Theprocessor 132 is coupled to thestorage device 131 and thetransceiver 133.

儲存裝置131例如是任意型式的固定式或可移動式隨機存取記憶體(Random Access Memory，RAM)、唯讀記憶體(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、快閃記憶體(Flash memory)、硬碟或其他類似裝置或這些裝置的組合，而可用以記錄多個指令、程式碼或軟體模組。Thestorage device 131 is, for example, any type of fixed or removable random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk or other similar device or a combination of these devices, and can be used to record multiple instructions, program codes or software modules.

處理器132例如是中央處理單元(central processing unit，CPU)，或是其他可程式化之一般用途或特殊用途的微控制單元(micro control unit，MCU)、微處理器(microprocessor)、數位信號處理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、可程式化控制器、特殊應用積體電路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、圖形處理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)、複雜可程式邏輯裝置(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)、現場可程式化邏輯閘陣列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或其他類似元件或上述元件的組合。在本發明的實施例中，處理器132可存取儲存裝置131中記錄的指令、軟體模組、程式碼來實現本發明提出的控制方法，其細節詳述於後續實施例。Theprocessor 132 is, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), or other programmable general-purpose or special-purpose microcontrol unit (MCU), microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), programmable controller, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), graphics processing unit (GPU), complex programmable logic device (CPLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other similar components or combinations of the above components. In the embodiment of the present invention, theprocessor 132 can access the instructions, software modules, and program codes recorded in thestorage device 131 to implement the control method proposed by the present invention, the details of which are described in the subsequent embodiments.

收發器133以無線或有線的方式傳送及接收訊號。收發器133還可以執行例如低雜訊放大器(LNA：Low Noise Amplifier)、阻抗匹配、混頻、向上或向下頻率轉換、濾波、放大或類似的操作。收發器133可用以傳送及接收外部裝置的指令與資訊。舉例而言，收發器133可以是支援4G或5G通訊協定的通訊元件，以達到低延遲通訊的目的，但可不限制於此。Thetransceiver 133 transmits and receives signals wirelessly or wiredly. Thetransceiver 133 may also perform operations such as low noise amplifier (LNA), impedance matching, mixing, up or down frequency conversion, filtering, amplification, or similar operations. Thetransceiver 133 may be used to transmit and receive instructions and information from an external device. For example, thetransceiver 133 may be a communication element that supports 4G or 5G communication protocols to achieve low-latency communication, but is not limited thereto.

請參照圖3，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的混合儲能系統並聯連接風力發電機組的示意圖。風力發電機組120包括風力驅動機構121、發電機122以及交流-直流轉換器123。風力驅動機構121耦接發電機122，發電機122耦接交流-直流轉換器123。於本實施例中，交流-直流轉換器123包括橋式整流器123a與直流-直流轉換器123b。風力帶動風力驅動機構121可驅動發電機122產生電力。風力驅動機構121例如是葉片或其他可由風力驅動而產生動能的裝置。交流-直流轉換器123可輸出直流電。詳細而言，橋式整流器123a可進行交流-直流變換。直流-直流轉換器123b例如是降壓-升壓變換器(buck-boost converter)，可執行Buck降壓或者Boost升壓。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a hybrid energy storage system connected in parallel to a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wind turbine generator set 120 includes awind drive mechanism 121, agenerator 122, and an AC-DC converter 123. Thewind drive mechanism 121 is coupled to thegenerator 122, and thegenerator 122 is coupled to the AC-DC converter 123. In this embodiment, the AC-DC converter 123 includes abridge rectifier 123a and a DC-DC converter 123b. The wind drives thewind drive mechanism 121 to drive thegenerator 122 to generate electricity. Thewind drive mechanism 121 is, for example, a blade or other device that can be driven by wind to generate kinetic energy. The AC-DC converter 123 can output DC power. Specifically, thebridge rectifier 123a can perform AC-DC conversion. The DC-DC converter 123b is, for example, a buck-boost converter, which can perform Buck buck or Boost boost.

於本實施例中，混合儲能系統110並聯連接於風力發電機組120的輸出端。也就是說，混合儲能系統110的直流正端可連接於風力發電機組120的輸出正端，混合儲能系統110的直流負端可連接於風力發電機組120的輸出負端。在此情況下，風力發電機組120所產生的電力可以直流方式輸入至混合儲能系統110，因此可避免直流轉交流的轉換上所造成的功率損耗，然本發明不限於此。此外，當風力發電機組120實際輸出的電力產生波動時，混合儲能系統110可供應電力來穩定風力發電機組120的系統輸出結果，其中飛輪儲能裝置111具有響應速度快且可大功率輸出的特徵，相當於具有濾波器的功能，可以平滑調節高頻的電力波動。然而，於其他些實施例中，混合儲能系統110也可以交流方式與風力發電機組120並聯。In this embodiment, the hybridenergy storage system 110 is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the wind turbine generator set 120. That is, the DC positive terminal of the hybridenergy storage system 110 can be connected to the output positive terminal of the wind turbine generator set 120, and the DC negative terminal of the hybridenergy storage system 110 can be connected to the output negative terminal of the wind turbine generator set 120. In this case, the power generated by the wind turbine generator set 120 can be input to the hybridenergy storage system 110 in a DC manner, thereby avoiding power loss caused by the conversion of DC to AC, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, when the actual power output of thewind turbine 120 fluctuates, the hybridenergy storage system 110 can provide power to stabilize the system output of thewind turbine 120, wherein the flywheelenergy storage device 111 has the characteristics of fast response speed and high power output, which is equivalent to having the function of a filter and can smoothly adjust high-frequency power fluctuations. However, in some other embodiments, the hybridenergy storage system 110 can also be connected in parallel with thewind turbine 120 in an AC manner.

值得一提的是，於一些實施例中，控制裝置130可為應用一人工智慧模型的一智慧控制裝置，適於根據各類機器學習模型、統計模型或邏輯演算法來進行電網狀態的判斷與混合儲能系統110的調度決策。亦即，控制裝置130可為智慧控制裝置。下文中，為了更體現本發明精神，將以智慧控制裝置130繼續進行說明其各操作。It is worth mentioning that in some embodiments, thecontrol device 130 may be an intelligent control device that applies an artificial intelligence model, which is suitable for judging the state of the power grid and making scheduling decisions for the hybridenergy storage system 110 according to various machine learning models, statistical models or logical algorithms. That is, thecontrol device 130 may be an intelligent control device. In the following, in order to better reflect the spirit of the present invention, theintelligent control device 130 will be used to continue to explain its various operations.

智慧控制裝置130可即時偵測所處微電網或外部電網140的暫態，並依據混合儲能系統110中各儲能裝置的荷電狀態(state of charge，SOC)與其他現況能力，經由人工智慧模型或邏輯演算法來決定混合儲能系統110的調度模式與設定混合儲能系統110中各儲能裝置的輸出功率設定值(set points)。此外，智慧控制裝置130可利用人工智慧技術針對所處微電網或外部電網建置進行意外事件(Contingent Events)的偵測或預測，以提供應變操作。基此，可針對類似事件即早提供穩定電網方案，以防止不穩定電網事件重複發生。Theintelligent control device 130 can detect the transient state of the microgrid orexternal power grid 140 in real time, and determine the scheduling mode of the hybridenergy storage system 110 and set the output power set points of each energy storage device in the hybridenergy storage system 110 according to the state of charge (SOC) and other current capabilities of each energy storage device in the hybridenergy storage system 110 through an artificial intelligence model or logic algorithm. In addition, theintelligent control device 130 can use artificial intelligence technology to detect or predict contingent events for the microgrid or external power grid in which it is located to provide emergency operations. Based on this, a stable power grid solution can be provided early for similar events to prevent the recurrence of unstable power grid events.

請參照圖4，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的電力調節系統的控制方法的流程圖。本實施例的方法適用於圖1中結合風力發電的電力調節系統10，以下即搭配圖1所示的元件說明圖4各步驟的細節。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a flow chart of a control method of an electric power regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method of this embodiment is applicable to the electricpower regulation system 10 combined with wind power generation in FIG. 1. The following is a description of the details of each step of FIG. 4 in conjunction with the components shown in FIG. 1.

於步驟S402，智慧控制裝置130蒐集風力發電機組120的運行資訊與環境資訊。風力發電機組120的運行資訊可包括風力發電機組120於當前時段的風力發電帶動發電機轉速、實際輸出電壓、實際輸出電流、或實際輸出功率等等，上述當前時段的單位時間長度例如是5分鐘、15分鐘、30分鐘、1小時、90分鐘等等，本發明對此不限制。此外，環境資訊可包括天氣資訊或風速資訊等等。In step S402, theintelligent control device 130 collects the operation information and environmental information of thewind turbine 120. The operation information of thewind turbine 120 may include the wind power generation driven generator speed, actual output voltage, actual output current, or actual output power of thewind turbine 120 in the current time period, etc. The unit time length of the above current time period is, for example, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 90 minutes, etc., and the present invention is not limited to this. In addition, the environmental information may include weather information or wind speed information, etc.

於步驟S404，智慧控制裝置130利用發電預測模型預測風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊。智慧控制裝置130將步驟S402蒐集到資訊輸入至一發電預測模型來獲取風力發電機組120於一未來時段的預測發電資訊。發電預測模型為應用人工智慧的一機器學習模型，其可依據訓練資料集與機器學習演算法來進行訓練而建立。上述訓練資料集可包括歷史氣象資訊、歷史風速資訊、風力發電機組120的歷史發電資訊與其他鄰近風力發電機組的歷史發電資訊等等。發電預測模型可例如為神經網路模型、回歸模型或隨機森林模型等等。In step S404, theintelligent control device 130 uses the power generation prediction model to predict the predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120. Theintelligent control device 130 inputs the information collected in step S402 into a power generation prediction model to obtain the predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120 in a future period. The power generation prediction model is a machine learning model using artificial intelligence, which can be established by training based on a training data set and a machine learning algorithm. The training data set may include historical meteorological information, historical wind speed information, historical power generation information of thewind turbine 120 and historical power generation information of other nearby wind turbines, etc. The power generation prediction model may be, for example, a neural network model, a regression model, or a random forest model, etc.

風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊可包括風力發電機組120於未來時段(例如接下來5分鐘)的預測輸出電壓、預測輸出電流、預測輸出功率或預測發電量等等。此外，於一些實施例中，風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊還可包括風力發電機組120的發電時間資訊，像是發電延續時間長度或發電起始時間點等等。舉例而言，發電預測模型可根據天氣資訊與風速資訊來預測出風力發電機組120將於上午8點至11點產生電力。The predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120 may include the predicted output voltage, predicted output current, predicted output power or predicted power generation of thewind turbine 120 in the future period (e.g., the next 5 minutes). In addition, in some embodiments, the predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120 may also include the power generation time information of thewind turbine 120, such as the power generation duration or the power generation start time point. For example, the power generation prediction model can predict that thewind turbine 120 will generate electricity from 8 am to 11 am based on weather information and wind speed information.

於步驟S410，智慧控制裝置130根據風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或根據電網意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統進行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態，並維持電網正常運作。於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130可根據風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊控制混合儲能系統110進行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組120的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態。於一些實施例中，當風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊符合補償條件時，智慧控制裝置130控制混合儲能系統110進行充放電操作。透過混合儲能系統110的功率調節系統(PCS)，混合儲能系統110的輸出電流、輸出電壓與輸出功率是可以被控制的。藉此，透過混合儲能系統110供應電力進行功率補償，可讓風力發電機組120的系統輸出結果符合預期。In step S410, theintelligent control device 130 controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform charging and discharging operations according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set or according to the event type of the power grid accident event, so that the system output result of the wind turbine generator set is maintained in a preset state and the power grid is maintained in normal operation. In some embodiments, theintelligent control device 130 can control the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform charging and discharging operations according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120, so that the system output result of the wind turbine generator set 120 is maintained in a preset state. In some embodiments, when the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120 meets the compensation conditions, theintelligent control device 130 controls the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform charging and discharging operations. Through the power conditioning system (PCS) of the hybridenergy storage system 110, the output current, output voltage and output power of the hybridenergy storage system 110 can be controlled. Thus, by supplying power through the hybridenergy storage system 110 for power compensation, the system output result of the wind turbine generator set 120 can meet expectations.

舉例而言，假設風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊指出風力發電機組120在未來5分鐘的預測輸出功率將與目標輸出功率相差一功率差距。於是，智慧控制裝置130可根據此功率差距控制混合儲能系統110進行放電操作，以使風力發電機組120的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態。由此可見，混合儲能系統110的設置可平滑調節風力發電機組120的輸出功率波動。For example, assume that the predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120 indicates that the predicted output power of thewind turbine 120 in the next 5 minutes will differ from the target output power by a power gap. Therefore, theintelligent control device 130 can control the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform a discharge operation according to the power gap, so that the system output result of thewind turbine 120 is maintained in a preset state. It can be seen that the setting of the hybridenergy storage system 110 can smoothly adjust the output power fluctuation of thewind turbine 120.

請參照圖5，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的根據預測發電資訊控制混合儲能系統的流程圖。於步驟S502，智慧控制裝置130判斷風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊是否符合重度補償條件。舉例而言，智慧控制裝置130可判斷預測發電資訊中的預測輸出功率與目標輸出功率之間的功率差值是否大於重度門檻值。若預測輸出功率與目標輸出功率之間的功率差值大於重度門檻值，智慧控制裝置130可判定風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊符合重度補償條件。Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a flow chart of controlling a hybrid energy storage system according to predicted power generation information according to an embodiment of the present invention. In step S502, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120 meets the heavy compensation condition. For example, theintelligent control device 130 can determine whether the power difference between the predicted output power and the target output power in the predicted power generation information is greater than the heavy threshold value. If the power difference between the predicted output power and the target output power is greater than the heavy threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 can determine that the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120 meets the heavy compensation condition.

若步驟S502判斷為是，接續步驟S504，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112同時進行放電操作，以提供較高的功率輸出來補償風力發電機組120的實際發電結果。若步驟S502判斷為否，接續步驟S506，智慧控制裝置130判斷風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊是否符合輕度補償條件。舉例而言，智慧控制裝置130可判斷預測發電資訊中的預測輸出功率與目標輸出功率之間的功率差值是否大於輕度門檻值。若預測輸出功率與目標輸出功率之間的功率差值大於輕度門檻值(亦即預測輸出功率與目標輸出功率之間的功率差值介於輕度門檻值與重度門檻值之間)，智慧控制裝置130可判定風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊符合輕度補償條件。If the judgment in step S502 is yes, thesmart control device 130 proceeds to step S504 to control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to discharge simultaneously to provide a higher power output to compensate the actual power generation result of the wind turbine generator set 120. If the judgment in step S502 is no, thesmart control device 130 proceeds to step S506 to determine whether the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120 meets the mild compensation condition. For example, thesmart control device 130 can determine whether the power difference between the predicted output power and the target output power in the predicted power generation information is greater than the mild threshold value. If the power difference between the predicted output power and the target output power is greater than the mild threshold value (that is, the power difference between the predicted output power and the target output power is between the mild threshold value and the severe threshold value), theintelligent control device 130 can determine that the predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120 meets the mild compensation conditions.

若步驟S506判斷為是，接續步驟S508，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111進行放電操作，並控制電化學儲能裝置112不動作。具體而言，由於預測發電資訊符合輕度補償條件，因此風力發電機組120的實際發電結果僅透過飛輪儲能裝置111來進行補償。如此一來，不僅可透過飛輪儲能裝置111快速地使用高功率密度來對風力發電機組120進行功率補償，也可盡量避免電化學儲能裝置112頻繁充放電而降低使用壽命。If step S506 is judged to be yes, the process proceeds to step S508, where theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a discharge operation, and controls the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to be inactive. Specifically, since the predicted power generation information meets the mild compensation conditions, the actual power generation result of the wind turbine generator set 120 is only compensated through the flywheelenergy storage device 111. In this way, not only can the flywheelenergy storage device 111 be used to quickly use high power density to compensate the wind turbine generator set 120, but also the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be avoided as much as possible from being frequently charged and discharged to reduce its service life.

若步驟S506判斷為否，接續步驟S510，智慧控制裝置130可控制混合儲能系統110進行充電操作或不動作。具體而言，當無需要對風力發電機組120進行功率補償時，智慧控制裝置130可根據飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態與電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態來判斷混合儲能系統110是否需要進行充電，以控制混合儲能系統110進行充電操作或不動作。If the judgment in step S506 is no, the process proceeds to step S510, and theintelligent control device 130 can control the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform charging operation or not to operate. Specifically, when there is no need to perform power compensation on the wind turbine generator set 120, theintelligent control device 130 can judge whether the hybridenergy storage system 110 needs to be charged according to the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the charge state of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112, so as to control the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform charging operation or not to operate.

此外，於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130可根據風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊、飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態以及電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112進行一平衡蓄電量操作。於一些實施例中，當無需要對風力發電機組120進行功率補償時，亦即於風力發電機組120發電穩定以及電網穩定的時機點，智慧控制裝置130可控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112進行平衡蓄電量操作。In addition, in some embodiments, theintelligent control device 130 can control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a balanced storage operation based on the predicted power generation information of thewind turbine 120, the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111, and the charge state of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. In some embodiments, when there is no need to compensate thewind turbine 120 for power, that is, when thewind turbine 120 generates stable power and the power grid is stable, theintelligent control device 130 can control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a balanced storage operation.

具體而言，對於混合儲能系統110的充電操作來說，為了盡量應用飛輪儲能裝置111的大電流持續快速放電的能力以及避免電化學儲能裝置112多次充放電而縮短電池壽命，飛輪儲能裝置111的充電順序優先於電化學儲能裝置112的充電順序。這樣的條件下，可能發生電化學儲能裝置112一直沒有進行充電操作而導致其荷電狀態過低。於是，智慧控制裝置130可判斷電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態是否低於最低電荷門檻值。當電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態低於最低電荷門檻值，智慧控制裝置130可控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112進行平衡蓄電量操作，以控制飛輪儲能裝置111將儲存電能轉移至電化學儲能裝置112。藉此，當風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊符合重度補償條件，智慧控制裝置130才可同時使用飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112對風力發電機組120進行功率補償。或者，當面臨尖峰用電時刻的電網頻率不穩定時，智慧控制裝置130才可同使用飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112來進行電網調頻操作。Specifically, for the charging operation of the hybridenergy storage system 110, in order to maximize the large current continuous rapid discharge capability of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and avoid multiple charge and discharge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to shorten the battery life, the charging sequence of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 takes precedence over the charging sequence of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. Under such conditions, it may happen that the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 has not been charged and its state of charge is too low. Therefore, theintelligent control device 130 can determine whether the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is lower than the minimum charge threshold value. When the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is lower than the minimum charge threshold, theintelligent control device 130 can control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to balance the storage capacity, so as to control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to transfer the stored energy to the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. In this way, when the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120 meets the heavy compensation condition, theintelligent control device 130 can use the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform power compensation on the wind turbine generator set 120 at the same time. Alternatively, when the grid frequency is unstable during peak power consumption, theintelligent control device 130 can use the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform grid frequency modulation operations.

請回到圖4，於步驟S406，智慧控制裝置130蒐集電網資訊、其他儲能系統資訊與環境資訊。電網資訊可包括電網140中多個電網節點的電壓資訊、電流資訊與電網頻率資訊等等。其他儲能系統資訊包括其他儲能裝置的蓄電量資訊與充放電資訊等等。環境資訊可包括天氣資訊等等。Please return to Figure 4. In step S406, theintelligent control device 130 collects grid information, other energy storage system information and environmental information. The grid information may include voltage information, current information and grid frequency information of multiple grid nodes in thegrid 140. Other energy storage system information includes power storage information and charging and discharging information of other energy storage devices. Environmental information may include weather information, etc.

於步驟S408，智慧控制裝置130利用意外事件預測模型預測意外事件是否會發生以及意外事件的事件類別。智慧控制裝置130將步驟S406蒐集到資訊輸入至一意外事件預測模型來預測電網140是否有意外事件即將發生，並可預測意外事件的事件類別。意外事件預測模型為應用人工智慧的一機器學習模型，其可依據訓練資料集與機器學習演算法來進行訓練而建立。上述訓練資料集可包括歷史氣象資訊、電網140的歷史意外事件資訊、電網140中多個電網節點的歷史電壓資訊、歷史電流資訊與歷史電網頻率資訊等等。意外事件預測模型可例如為神經網路模型、支援向量機器(SVM)模型或隨機森林模型等等。此外，於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130可利用模糊控制法(fuzzy control，FC)而依據步驟S406蒐集到資訊決定預測意外事件的事件類別與應變操作。In step S408, theintelligent control device 130 uses the accident prediction model to predict whether an accident will occur and the event type of the accident. Theintelligent control device 130 inputs the information collected in step S406 into an accident prediction model to predict whether an accident is about to occur in thepower grid 140, and can predict the event type of the accident. The accident prediction model is a machine learning model that applies artificial intelligence, which can be established by training based on a training data set and a machine learning algorithm. The above-mentioned training data set may include historical meteorological information, historical accident information of thepower grid 140, historical voltage information of multiple power grid nodes in thepower grid 140, historical current information and historical power grid frequency information, etc. The accident prediction model can be, for example, a neural network model, a support vector machine (SVM) model, or a random forest model. In addition, in some embodiments, theintelligent control device 130 can use fuzzy control (FC) to determine the event category and response operation of the predicted accident based on the information collected in step S406.

此外，於一些實施例中，於模型訓練過程與模型實際應用過程，智慧控制裝置130都可在蒐集到電網資訊、其他儲能系統資訊與環境資訊之後，先對上述蒐集資料進行機器學習領域中的資料前處理操作，例如資料清理與資料整合等。In addition, in some embodiments, during the model training process and the actual model application process, theintelligent control device 130 can collect grid information, other energy storage system information, and environmental information, and then perform data pre-processing operations in the field of machine learning on the collected data, such as data cleaning and data integration.

接著，於步驟S410，智慧控制裝置130根據風力發電機組的預測發電資訊或根據電網意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統進行充放電操作，以使風力發電機組的系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態，並維持電網正常運作。於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130根據意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統執行應變操作，並維持電網正常運作。具體而言，智慧控制裝置130可採用電網意外分析(contingency analysis)，以分析台電公司所佈建的電網140或微電網中可能發生的事故。此外，智慧控制裝置130可針對各種意外事件(Contingency Event)類別擬定對應的應變操作，從而透過AI智能化來協助提供解決電網140或微電網失效時的人為決策。須說明的是，在建立AI智能化的微電網電力系統中所使用的意外事件預測模型與應變操作時，智慧控制裝置130需要仰賴大量時間序列資料、特定領域知識(domain knowledge)以及經驗法則。Next, in step S410, thesmart control device 130 controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform charging and discharging operations according to the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set or according to the event type of the power grid accident event, so that the system output result of the wind turbine generator set is maintained at a preset state and the power grid is maintained to operate normally. In some embodiments, thesmart control device 130 controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform contingency operations according to the event type of the accident event and maintain the normal operation of the power grid. Specifically, thesmart control device 130 can use power grid accident analysis (contingency analysis) to analyze possible accidents in thepower grid 140 or micro-grid deployed by Taipower Company. In addition, thesmart control device 130 can formulate corresponding response operations for various types of contingency events, thereby assisting in providing human decision-making solutions topower grid 140 or microgrid failures through AI intelligence. It should be noted that when establishing the contingency prediction model and response operations used in the AI intelligent microgrid power system, thesmart control device 130 needs to rely on a large amount of time series data, domain knowledge, and empirical rules.

於一些實施例中，當意外事件預測為第一事件類別，智慧控制裝置130控制混合儲能系統110執行第一應變操作。當意外事件預測為第二事件類別，智慧控制裝置130控制混合儲能系統110執行第二應變操作。舉例而言，第一應變操作包括控制飛輪儲能裝置111以特定輸出功率進行充放電操作。第二應變操作包括控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112以相同或不相同的輸出功率同時進行充放電操作。In some embodiments, when the accident is predicted as a first event category, theintelligent control device 130 controls the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform a first strain operation. When the accident is predicted as a second event category, theintelligent control device 130 controls the hybridenergy storage system 110 to perform a second strain operation. For example, the first strain operation includes controlling the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform charging and discharging operations at a specific output power. The second strain operation includes controlling the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform charging and discharging operations at the same or different output powers at the same time.

值得一提的是，在飛輪儲能裝置111未參與電網頻率控制以及對風力發電進行補償的情況下，電化學儲能裝置112的輸出功率將呈現劇烈的幅度變化，亦即大幅度的充放電。相對的，在飛輪儲能裝置111參與電網頻率控制以及對風力發電進行補償的情況下，相當於具有濾波器的功能，電化學儲能裝置112的輸出功率的波動相對穩定，亦即可降低電化學儲能裝置112的充放電次數，並可避免電化學儲能裝置112發生過充現象或過放電現象以及延長使用壽命。It is worth mentioning that when the flywheelenergy storage device 111 does not participate in the grid frequency control and does not compensate for wind power generation, the output power of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 will show dramatic amplitude changes, that is, large-scale charging and discharging. In contrast, when the flywheelenergy storage device 111 participates in the grid frequency control and compensates for wind power generation, it is equivalent to having the function of a filter, and the fluctuation of the output power of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is relatively stable, that is, the number of times of charging and discharging of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be reduced, and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be prevented from overcharging or over-discharging and the service life can be extended.

於一些實施例中，根據飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態、電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態以及當前時間，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111或電化學儲能裝置112進行充電操作。並且，反應於電網140的電網頻率發生異常，智慧控制裝置130根據電網頻率控制飛輪儲能裝置111或電化學儲能裝置112進行放電操作，以將電網頻率恢復回正常狀態。以下將分別列舉詳細實施例以清楚說明。In some embodiments, according to the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111, the charge state of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 and the current time, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 or the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a charging operation. In addition, in response to an abnormality in the grid frequency of thepower grid 140, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 or the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a discharge operation according to the grid frequency to restore the grid frequency to a normal state. Detailed embodiments will be listed below for clear explanation.

請參照圖6，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的混合儲能系統進行充電操作的流程圖。本實施例的方法適用於圖1中結合風力發電的電力調節系統10，以下即搭配圖1所示的元件說明圖6各步驟的細節。Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a flowchart of the charging operation of the hybrid energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method of this embodiment is applicable to thepower regulation system 10 combined with wind power generation in FIG. 1. The following is a description of the details of each step of FIG. 6 with the components shown in FIG. 1.

於步驟S602，智慧控制裝置130監測飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態(state of charge，SOC)與電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態。亦即，智慧控制裝置130監測飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的剩餘電量。In step S602, theintelligent control device 130 monitors the state of charge (SOC) of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. That is, theintelligent control device 130 monitors the remaining power of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112.

於步驟S604，智慧控制裝置130判斷當前時間是否處於尖峰用電時段。於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130可根據外部裝置(例如能源管理系統)的指令得知當前時間是否處於尖峰用電時段。於一些實施例中，尖峰用電時段可是電力供應公司提供的資訊。舉例而言，尖峰用電時段可例如為禮拜一至禮拜五的下午兩點到下午八點，但可不限於此。In step S604, thesmart control device 130 determines whether the current time is in the peak power consumption period. In some embodiments, thesmart control device 130 can know whether the current time is in the peak power consumption period according to the instruction of the external device (such as the energy management system). In some embodiments, the peak power consumption period can be information provided by the power supply company. For example, the peak power consumption period can be, for example, from 2:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday, but is not limited thereto.

若步驟S604判斷為是，於步驟S606，當此當前時間處於尖峰用電時段，智慧控制裝置130禁能飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112進行充電操作。藉此，可避免飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的充電操作加重電力供應端(例如風力發電機組120與其他發電機組)的負擔，以保障混合儲能系統110不會變成壓垮電網140或自身所處微電網的電力裝置。If the judgment in step S604 is yes, in step S606, when the current time is in the peak power consumption period, theintelligent control device 130 disables the charging operation of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. In this way, the charging operation of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be avoided to increase the burden on the power supply end (such as the wind turbine generator set 120 and other generator sets), so as to ensure that the hybridenergy storage system 110 will not become a power device that overwhelms thepower grid 140 or the microgrid in which it is located.

另一方面，當此當前時間處於非尖峰用電時段，智慧控制裝置130根據飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態、與電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態控制飛輪儲能裝置111或電化學儲能裝置112進行充電操作。於本實施例中，若步驟S604判斷為否，於步驟S608，智慧控制裝置130判斷飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態是否小於第一充電門檻值。若步驟S608判斷為是，代表飛輪儲能裝置111需要充電。接著，於步驟S610，智慧控制裝置130判斷電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態是否小於第二充電門檻值。若步驟S610判斷為否，代表電化學儲能裝置112不需要充電。因此，於步驟S612，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111根據第一充電功率進行充電操作。亦即，當飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態小於第一充電門檻值且電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態未小於第二充電門檻值時，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111根據第一充電功率進行充電操作。On the other hand, when the current time is in a non-peak power consumption period, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 or the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the charge state of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. In this embodiment, if the step S604 is judged as no, in step S608, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is less than the first charging threshold value. If the step S608 is judged as yes, it means that the flywheelenergy storage device 111 needs to be charged. Next, in step S610, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is less than the second charging threshold value. If the step S610 determines that it is not, it means that the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 does not need to be charged. Therefore, in step S612, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a charging operation according to the first charging power. That is, when the state of charge of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is less than the first charging threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is not less than the second charging threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a charging operation according to the first charging power.

若步驟S610判斷為是，代表電化學儲能裝置112也需要充電。於步驟S614，智慧控制裝置130控制控制飛輪儲能裝置111根據第一充電功率進行充電操作。亦即，當飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態小於第一門檻值且電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態小於第二門檻值時，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111根據第一充電功率進行充電操作。之後，當飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態因為充電操作而回復至一定程度時(例如高於百分之90的剩餘電量)，於步驟S618，智慧控制裝置130才會控制電化學儲能裝置112根據第二充電功率進行充電操作。由此可知，飛輪儲能裝置111的充電順序優先於電化學儲能裝置112的充電順序。If the judgment in step S610 is yes, it means that the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 also needs to be charged. In step S614, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a charging operation according to the first charging power. That is, when the state of charge of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is less than the first threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is less than the second threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a charging operation according to the first charging power. Afterwards, when the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is restored to a certain level (e.g., higher than 90% of the remaining power) due to the charging operation, in step S618, theintelligent control device 130 will control the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a charging operation according to the second charging power. It can be seen that the charging sequence of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 takes precedence over the charging sequence of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112.

另一方面，若步驟S608判斷為否，代表飛輪儲能裝置111不需要充電。接著，於步驟S616，智慧控制裝置130判斷電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態是否小於第二充電門檻值。若步驟S616判斷為是，代表電化學儲能裝置112需要充電。因此，於步驟S618，智慧控制裝置130控制電化學儲能裝置112根據第二充電功率進行充電操作。亦即，當飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態未小於第一門檻值且電化學儲能裝置112的荷電狀態小於第二門檻值時，智慧控制裝置130控制電化學儲能裝置112根據第二充電功率進行充電操作。若步驟S616判斷為否，代表電化學儲能裝置112也不需要充電。於步驟S620，智慧控制裝置130禁能飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的充電操作。On the other hand, if the determination in step S608 is negative, it means that the flywheelenergy storage device 111 does not need to be charged. Then, in step S616, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is less than the second charging threshold value. If the determination in step S616 is positive, it means that the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 needs to be charged. Therefore, in step S618, theintelligent control device 130 controls the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a charging operation according to the second charging power. That is, when the state of charge of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is not less than the first threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 is less than the second threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 controls the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform charging operation according to the second charging power. If step S616 is judged as no, it means that the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 does not need to be charged. In step S620, theintelligent control device 130 disables the charging operation of the flywheelenergy storage device 111and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112.

於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130可根據風力發電機組120的發電情況來決定用以對飛輪儲能裝置111進行充電的第一充電功率。當風力發電機組120的發電情況穩定且即時輸出功率大於門檻值時，智慧控制裝置130決定第一充電功率為第一值。當風力發電機組120的發電情況不穩定或即時輸出功率小於門檻值時，智慧控制裝置130決定第一充電功率為第二值。第二值小於第一值。也就是說，當風力發電機組120的發電情況穩定且即時輸出功率大於門檻值時，智慧控制裝置130可決定以較高的充電功率控制飛輪儲能裝置111進行充電操作。In some embodiments, theintelligent control device 130 may determine the first charging power for charging the flywheelenergy storage device 111 according to the power generation condition of the wind turbine generator set 120. When the power generation condition of the wind turbine generator set 120 is stable and the real-time output power is greater than the threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 determines the first charging power to be the first value. When the power generation condition of the wind turbine generator set 120 is unstable or the real-time output power is less than the threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 determines the first charging power to be the second value. The second value is less than the first value. That is to say, when the power generation of thewind turbine 120 is stable and the real-time output power is greater than the threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 can decide to control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform charging operation at a higher charging power.

此外，於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130亦可根據外部裝置的指令來控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的充電操作。也就是說，於尖峰用電時段，混合儲能系統110原則不進行充電操作，除非發電廠的控制系統依據其電廠運作狀態、飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112各自的儲能狀況，指示飛輪儲能裝置111或電化學儲能裝置112進行充電，方可控制飛輪儲能裝置111或電化學儲能裝置112進行充電。In addition, in some embodiments, theintelligent control device 130 can also control the charging operation of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 according to the instructions of the external device. That is to say, during the peak power consumption period, the hybridenergy storage system 110 does not perform charging operation in principle, unless the control system of the power plant instructs the flywheelenergy storage device 111 or the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to charge according to the operation status of the power plant and the energy storage status of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112, then the flywheelenergy storage device 111 or the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be controlled to charge.

請參照圖7，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的混合儲能系統進行調頻操作的流程圖。本實施例的方法適用於圖1中結合風力發電的電力調節系統10，以下即搭配圖1所示的元件說明圖7各步驟的細節。此外，以下實施例係以對電網140進行調頻操作為實施範例進行說明。Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a flow chart of frequency modulation operation of a hybrid energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method of this embodiment is applicable to thepower regulation system 10 combined with wind power generation in FIG. 1. The following is a description of the details of each step of FIG. 7 with the components shown in FIG. 1. In addition, the following embodiment is described by taking frequency modulation operation of thepower grid 140 as an implementation example.

於步驟S702，智慧控制裝置130監測電網140的電網頻率。在整個電網140中，電網頻率是保證各個發電機組和用戶用電安全的重要約束條件。電網頻率為電量供需平衡的衡量指標。若電網頻率的波動範圍過大則會造成發電機組停機或用戶電器跳閘等意外發生，因而造成各方損失。電網頻率與發電量及負載量相關。當發電量及負載量相平衡時，頻率穩定在60HZ。當發電量不足夠負載量時(例如發電機組故障、線路故障或負載量突然驟升)，亦即電網140中發生電力供需不平衡的情況，電網頻率會下降。In step S702, theintelligent control device 130 monitors the grid frequency of thepower grid 140. In theentire power grid 140, the grid frequency is an important constraint condition to ensure the safety of each power generation unit and user's power use. The grid frequency is a measure of the balance between power supply and demand. If the fluctuation range of the grid frequency is too large, it will cause accidents such as shutdown of the generator set or tripping of the user's electrical appliances, thereby causing losses to all parties. The grid frequency is related to the power generation and load. When the power generation and load are balanced, the frequency is stable at 60HZ. When the power generation is insufficient to meet the load (e.g., a generator failure, a line failure, or a sudden increase in load), that is, when there is an imbalance in power supply and demand in thepower grid 140, the grid frequency will decrease.

於步驟S704，智慧控制裝置130判斷電網頻率是否發生異常。具體來說，智慧控制裝置130可根據電網頻率是否低於頻率門檻值來判斷電網頻率是否發生異常。或者，智慧控制裝置130可根據電網頻率的下降變化率是否大於變化率門檻值來判斷電網頻率是否發生異常。電網頻率的下降變化率為單位時間內電網頻率的下降量。In step S704, thesmart control device 130 determines whether the power grid frequency is abnormal. Specifically, thesmart control device 130 can determine whether the power grid frequency is abnormal based on whether the power grid frequency is lower than the frequency threshold. Alternatively, thesmart control device 130 can determine whether the power grid frequency is abnormal based on whether the rate of change of the power grid frequency is greater than the rate of change threshold. The rate of change of the power grid frequency is the amount of decrease in the power grid frequency per unit time.

若步驟S704判斷為是，代表電網頻率發生異常。於是，於步驟S706，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111於第一調頻時段進行放電操作，並控制電化學儲能裝置112於第一調頻時段不動作。於一些實施例中，當電網頻率小於頻率門檻值且電網頻率的下降變化率大於變化率門檻值，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111於第一調頻時段進行放電操作，並控制電化學儲能裝置112於第一調頻時段不動作。If the judgment in step S704 is yes, it means that the grid frequency is abnormal. Therefore, in step S706, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a discharge operation in the first frequency modulation period, and controls the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to be inactive in the first frequency modulation period. In some embodiments, when the grid frequency is less than the frequency threshold value and the grid frequency decrease rate of change is greater than the rate of change threshold value, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a discharge operation in the first frequency modulation period, and controls the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to be inactive in the first frequency modulation period.

也就是說，當電網140中發生電力供需不平衡的情況，智慧控制裝置130可控制飛輪儲能裝置111於第一調頻時段進行放電操作，以趨緩電網頻率的下降速度並試圖將電網頻率拉回為正常狀態。更詳細來說，當電網頻率低到一定程度時(例如58Hz)，為了維持整體電力系統的運作，部份負載可能被切斷供應(一般說的跳電)。然而，於本發明實施中，由於飛輪儲能裝置111具有響應速度快且可大功率輸出的特徵，可有效阻止電網頻率快速驟降而降低跳電現象的發生機率。That is to say, when there is an imbalance between power supply and demand in thepower grid 140, theintelligent control device 130 can control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform a discharge operation in the first frequency modulation period to slow down the rate of decrease of the power grid frequency and try to pull the power grid frequency back to a normal state. More specifically, when the power grid frequency is low to a certain extent (for example, 58Hz), in order to maintain the operation of the overall power system, some loads may be cut off from supply (generally referred to as power outage). However, in the implementation of the present invention, since the flywheelenergy storage device 111 has the characteristics of fast response speed and high power output, it can effectively prevent the power grid frequency from dropping rapidly and reduce the probability of power outage.

於是，在控制飛輪儲能裝置111提供調頻服務之後，於步驟S708，智慧控制裝置130判斷電網頻率持續是否小於頻率門檻值。若步驟S708判斷為否，代表電網頻率可能在恢復正常狀態的過程中。於是，於步驟S710，智慧控制裝置130判斷電網頻率是否恢復回正常狀態。若步驟S710判斷為否，回到步驟S706，持續由飛輪儲能裝置111供應電力至電網140。詳細來說，由於飛輪儲能裝置111的響應速度快速且頻繁充放電對於使用壽命的影響不大，因此智慧控制裝置130可優先設置飛輪儲能裝置111對電網140進行調頻動作。Therefore, after controlling the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to provide frequency modulation service, in step S708, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the grid frequency continues to be less than the frequency threshold. If the judgment in step S708 is no, it means that the grid frequency may be in the process of recovering to normal. Therefore, in step S710, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the grid frequency has returned to normal. If the judgment in step S710 is no, return to step S706, and continue to supply power to thegrid 140 from the flywheelenergy storage device 111. Specifically, since the flywheelenergy storage device 111 has a fast response speed and frequent charging and discharging has little impact on its service life, theintelligent control device 130 can give priority to setting the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to perform frequency modulation on thepower grid 140.

若步驟S708判斷為是，代表飛輪儲能裝置111的電量或輸出功率不足以將電網頻率拉回正常狀態，因此需要電化學儲能裝置112進行放電操作來彌補飛輪儲能裝置111的不足。因此，於步驟S712，在第一調頻時段之後，當電網頻率持續小於頻率門檻值，智慧控制裝置130控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112於第二調頻時段同時進行放電操作。If step S708 is judged as yes, it means that the power or output power of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 is not enough to pull the grid frequency back to normal, so the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 needs to perform a discharge operation to make up for the deficiency of the flywheelenergy storage device 111. Therefore, in step S712, after the first frequency modulation period, when the grid frequency continues to be less than the frequency threshold, theintelligent control device 130 controls the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform a discharge operation simultaneously in the second frequency modulation period.

於步驟S714，智慧控制裝置130判斷是否結束初級(Primary)調頻控制。詳細而言，初級調頻(又稱為一次調頻)是指當電網頻率偏離目標頻率時，發電機組(例如火力發電機組或水力發電機組等等)通過自身的調速系統的自動反應，以維持電網頻率穩定。初級調頻的持續時間長度例如是10秒或30秒。於初級調頻的過程中，智慧控制裝置130可控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112同時進行放電操作。In step S714, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether to terminate the primary frequency modulation control. In detail, primary frequency modulation (also called primary frequency modulation) means that when the grid frequency deviates from the target frequency, the generator unit (such as a thermal power generator unit or a hydroelectric generator unit, etc.) automatically responds through its own speed regulation system to maintain the grid frequency stability. The duration of primary frequency modulation is, for example, 10 seconds or 30 seconds. During the primary frequency modulation process, theintelligent control device 130 can control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform discharge operations simultaneously.

若步驟S714判斷為否，代表初級調頻控制尚未結束，回到步驟S712。若步驟S714判斷為是，代表初級調頻控制結束，於步驟S716，智慧控制裝置130執行次級(Secondary)調頻控制。次級調頻(又稱為二次調頻)為透過各個發電機組的自動發電控制(AGC)來提高供電量，以將電網頻率拉回正常狀態。次級調頻的持續時間長度例如是30分鐘。於次級調頻的過程中，智慧控制裝置130亦維持控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112同時進行放電操作。If step S714 is judged as no, it means that the primary frequency modulation control has not yet ended, and return to step S712. If step S714 is judged as yes, it means that the primary frequency modulation control has ended. In step S716, theintelligent control device 130 performs secondary frequency modulation control. Secondary frequency modulation (also known as secondary frequency modulation) is to increase the power supply through the automatic generation control (AGC) of each generator set to pull the grid frequency back to normal. The duration of secondary frequency modulation is, for example, 30 minutes. During the secondary frequency modulation process, theintelligent control device 130 also maintains the control of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to perform discharge operations at the same time.

於步驟S718，智慧控制裝置130判斷電網頻率是否恢復回正常狀態。若步驟S718判斷為否，回到步驟S716，以持續透過次級調頻控制與飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的參與來穩定電網頻率。In step S718, theintelligent control device 130 determines whether the grid frequency has returned to normal. If step S718 determines that it is not, it returns to step S716 to continue to stabilize the grid frequency through the participation of secondary frequency modulation control and the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112.

混合儲能系統110包括飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112，因此不僅可同時具備兩種儲存裝置的優點，兩者的搭配更帶來巨大效益且適用於各類電網型態。具體而言，飛輪儲能裝置111可負責抑制短期功率波動並因應大功率輸出，以維持電網穩定。此外，飛輪儲能裝置111的快速充放電特性，可有效且盡速維持電網品質。並且，飛輪儲能裝置111可分擔電力供應任務，並可充當濾波器和提高系統響應，降低電化學儲能裝置112發生過充或過放的機率。對應的，電化學儲能裝置112可負責抑制長期功率波動。透過飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的搭配應用，可延長電化學儲能裝置112的使用壽命與降低其維修成本。電化學儲能裝置112還具有維持電池容量與高充放電率的特點，可降低電池配用數量的建置成本，也可降低工安事件發生機率。The hybridenergy storage system 110 includes a flywheelenergy storage device 111 and an electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. Therefore, it not only has the advantages of two storage devices at the same time, but the combination of the two brings huge benefits and is applicable to various types of power grids. Specifically, the flywheelenergy storage device 111 can be responsible for suppressing short-term power fluctuations and responding to high power output to maintain the stability of the power grid. In addition, the fast charging and discharging characteristics of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 can effectively and quickly maintain the quality of the power grid. In addition, the flywheelenergy storage device 111 can share the power supply task, act as a filter and improve the system response, and reduce the probability of overcharging or over-discharging of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112. Correspondingly, the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be responsible for suppressing long-term power fluctuations. By using the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 together, the service life of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 can be extended and its maintenance cost can be reduced. The electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 also has the characteristics of maintaining battery capacity and high charge and discharge rates, which can reduce the construction cost of the number of batteries used and the probability of industrial safety incidents.

請參照圖8，其是依據本發明之實施例繪示的電網頻率的示意圖。當電網140中的電力突然供需不平衡時，前幾秒為慣性響應時期。於慣性響應時期，電網頻率會快速下降。此時，於慣性響應時期，智慧控制裝置130可反應於電網頻率低於頻率門檻值且下降變化率大於變化率門檻值來控制飛輪儲能裝置111優先進行放電操作，以盡快阻止電網頻率繼續下降。之後，初級調頻開始進行。智慧控制裝置130可反應於電網頻率持續小於頻率門檻值控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112同時進行放電操作。接著，初級調頻結束且次級調頻開始，智慧控制裝置130可持續控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112同時進行放電操作，直至電網頻率恢復正常狀態，亦即恢復為60Hz。Please refer to FIG8 , which is a schematic diagram of the grid frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the power supply and demand in thegrid 140 are suddenly unbalanced, the first few seconds are the inertial response period. During the inertial response period, the grid frequency will drop rapidly. At this time, during the inertial response period, theintelligent control device 130 can react to the grid frequency being lower than the frequency threshold and the rate of change of the drop being greater than the rate of change threshold to control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 to preferentially perform the discharge operation, so as to prevent the grid frequency from continuing to drop as soon as possible. Afterwards, the primary frequency modulation begins. Theintelligent control device 130 can react to the grid frequency being continuously less than the frequency threshold value to control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to discharge simultaneously. Then, the primary frequency modulation ends and the secondary frequency modulation begins, and theintelligent control device 130 can continue to control the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to discharge simultaneously until the grid frequency returns to normal, that is, returns to 60Hz.

也就是說，於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130可偵測電網的電網頻率或其他電網資訊。此外，智慧控制裝置130可同時獲取風力發電機組120或其他再生能源發電機組的預測發電資訊(例如發電量等等)。於是，智慧控制裝置130可根據電網頻率與風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊來控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112的充放電操作，共同形成閉迴路控制系統。更具體而言，智慧控制裝置130可根據混合儲能系統110的整體即時輸出功率、電網頻率與風力發電機組120的預測發電資訊，來控制飛輪儲能裝置111與電化學儲能裝置112各別的電力輸出狀態(例如輸出功率等等)。That is, in some embodiments, thesmart control device 130 can detect the grid frequency or other grid information of the power grid. In addition, thesmart control device 130 can simultaneously obtain the predicted power generation information (such as power generation, etc.) of the wind turbine generator set 120 or other renewable energy generator sets. Therefore, thesmart control device 130 can control the charge and discharge operations of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 according to the grid frequency and the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120, and together form a closed loop control system. More specifically, theintelligent control device 130 can control the power output states (such as output power, etc.) of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 according to the overall real-time output power of the hybridenergy storage system 110, the grid frequency, and the predicted power generation information of the wind turbine generator set 120.

此外，於一些實施例中，智慧控制裝置130還可根據飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態與其他發電機組的發電狀態來控制電化學儲能裝置112的電力輸出狀態(例如輸出功率等等)。具體而言，隨著飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態逐漸變小，智慧控制裝置130可控制電化學儲能裝置112逐漸提高輸出功率，以使混合儲能系統110可更穩定地穩定整個電網的頻率或更穩定地補償風力發電機組120的功率輸出波動。像是，智慧控制裝置130可先根據飛輪儲能裝置111的荷電狀態與其他發電機組的發電狀態獲取一目標設定參數。接著，智慧控制裝置130可根據此目標設定參數而根據比例積分微分(PID)控制演算法來控制電化學儲能裝置112的輸出功率，可以使系統降低穩態誤差與改善動態特性，避免電力輸出落後或超量，以使混合儲能系統110的整體輸出功率可以相對穩定。In addition, in some embodiments, theintelligent control device 130 can also control the power output state (e.g., output power, etc.) of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 according to the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the power generation state of other power generation units. Specifically, as the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 gradually decreases, theintelligent control device 130 can control the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 to gradually increase the output power, so that the hybridenergy storage system 110 can more stably stabilize the frequency of the entire power grid or more stably compensate for the power output fluctuation of the wind turbine generator set 120. For example, theintelligent control device 130 can first obtain a target setting parameter according to the charge state of the flywheelenergy storage device 111 and the power generation state of other generator sets. Then, theintelligent control device 130 can control the output power of the electrochemicalenergy storage device 112 according to the proportional integral derivative (PID) control algorithm based on the target setting parameter, which can reduce the stability error and improve the dynamic characteristics of the system, avoid lagging or over-powering the power output, so that the overall output power of the hybridenergy storage system 110 can be relatively stable.

綜上所述，從國際儲能的發展現況也不難發現，先進國家近年來相當積極推動儲能產業，並透過鼓勵性質的補貼政策以及電力政策，加速儲能技術與產業的發展。儲能技術的發展儼然是推動綠能產業不可或缺的一環。於本發明實施中，混合儲能系統的應用，可以彌補風力發電機組實際輸出結果與預測目標狀態之間的差異，減小電網功率調節的壓力。藉此，風力發電可更擴大使用範圍，並使電網中的風電比重可以提高。In summary, it is not difficult to find from the current development of international energy storage that advanced countries have actively promoted the energy storage industry in recent years, and accelerated the development of energy storage technology and industry through incentive subsidy policies and power policies. The development of energy storage technology is an indispensable part of promoting the green energy industry. In the implementation of the present invention, the application of the hybrid energy storage system can compensate for the difference between the actual output result of the wind turbine generator set and the predicted target state, and reduce the pressure of power grid power regulation. In this way, wind power generation can expand its scope of use and increase the proportion of wind power in the power grid.

此外，相較於電化學儲能裝置，飛輪儲能裝置具有壽命長、充放電次數不受限制、對環境無污染等優勢。本發明實施將飛輪儲能裝置併入電網運行，可以快速的參與電網功率與頻率調節，減小風力發電的波動性及不確定性給電網穩定性帶來的影響。具體而言，本發明實施例可根據電網頻率來控制飛輪儲能裝置或/與電化學儲能裝置進行放電操作，以穩定電網頻率，從而避免斷電與提升用電安全。尤其是，本發明實施例可根據混合儲能系統中不同儲能裝置的特性來進行充放電控制。如此一來，不僅可延長混合儲能系統的使用壽命，還可針對電網的實際狀態來使用適合的儲能放電方式，因而更有效率地解決電網的各種電力事故問題。In addition, compared with electrochemical energy storage devices, flywheel energy storage devices have the advantages of long service life, unlimited number of charge and discharge cycles, and no pollution to the environment. The implementation of the present invention incorporates the flywheel energy storage device into the power grid operation, which can quickly participate in the power and frequency regulation of the power grid, and reduce the impact of the volatility and uncertainty of wind power generation on the stability of the power grid. Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention can control the flywheel energy storage device or/and the electrochemical energy storage device to perform discharge operations according to the power grid frequency to stabilize the power grid frequency, thereby avoiding power outages and improving power safety. In particular, the embodiments of the present invention can perform charge and discharge control according to the characteristics of different energy storage devices in the hybrid energy storage system. In this way, not only can the service life of the hybrid energy storage system be extended, but also appropriate energy storage and discharge methods can be used according to the actual state of the power grid, thereby more efficiently solving various power accident problems in the power grid.

另外，考量到使用混合儲能系統來平抑風力發電的功率波動的時候，容易出現過充過放現象，這不僅會影響混合儲能系統的使用壽命而增加投入成本，且可能造成混合儲能系統在功率波動劇烈時的充放電能力不足，進而影響風電併入電網運行的安全性。然而，本發明實施例可根據飛輪儲能裝置與電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態來進行混合儲能系統的充放電控制，因而可避免混合儲能系統的過充過放，使其能夠長期平滑風力發電機組的輸出功率。In addition, when using a hybrid energy storage system to smooth the power fluctuation of wind power generation, overcharging and over-discharging are prone to occur, which will not only affect the service life of the hybrid energy storage system and increase the investment cost, but also may cause the hybrid energy storage system to have insufficient charging and discharging capacity when the power fluctuation is severe, thereby affecting the safety of wind power integration into the power grid. However, the embodiment of the present invention can control the charging and discharging of the hybrid energy storage system according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device, thereby avoiding overcharging and over-discharging of the hybrid energy storage system, so that it can smooth the output power of the wind turbine generator set for a long time.

值得一提的是，本發明實施例可根據發電預測模型與意外事件預測模型來預測電網或風力發電機組未來會出現的意外事件或發電狀態，使混合儲能系統可提早進行反應，因而可大幅降低電網意外事件的發生與穩定且有效地抑制風力發電機組的輸出波動。It is worth mentioning that the embodiment of the present invention can predict the future accidents or power generation status of the power grid or wind turbine generator set based on the power generation prediction model and the accident prediction model, so that the hybrid energy storage system can react in advance, thereby greatly reducing the occurrence of accidents in the power grid and stabilizing and effectively suppressing the output fluctuation of the wind turbine generator set.

雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾，故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed as above by the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the attached patent application.

10: 電力調節系統 110: 混合儲能系統 111: 飛輪儲能裝置 112: 電化學儲能裝置 120: 風力發電機組 130:控制裝置 140: 電網10: Power regulation system110: Hybrid energy storage system111: Flywheel energy storage device112: Electrochemical energy storage device120: Wind turbine generator130: Control device140: Power grid

Claims (27)

Translated fromChinese

一種結合風力發電的電力調節系統，包括：一混合儲能系統，耦接至電網，包括一飛輪儲能裝置以及一電化學儲能裝置；一發電機組，並聯連接於所述混合儲能系統；以及一控制裝置，耦接所述混合儲能系統、所述發電機組與所述電網，其中所述控制裝置利用一發電預測模型預測所述發電機組的一預測發電資訊，所述控制裝置根據所述發電機組的所述預測發電資訊控制所述混合儲能系統進行放電操作，以使所述發電機組的一系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態。A power regulation system combined with wind power generation includes: a hybrid energy storage system coupled to a power grid, including a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device; a generator set connected in parallel to the hybrid energy storage system; and a control device coupled to the hybrid energy storage system, the generator set and the power grid, wherein the control device uses a power generation prediction model to predict a predicted power generation information of the generator set, and the control device controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform a discharge operation according to the predicted power generation information of the generator set, so that a system output result of the generator set is maintained in a preset state.如請求項1所述的電力調節系統，其中所述發電機組為一風力發電機組。The power regulation system as described in claim 1, wherein the generator set is a wind turbine generator set.如請求項1所述的電力調節系統，其中所述控制裝置包括應用一人工智慧模型的一智慧控制裝置。The power regulation system as described in claim 1, wherein the control device includes an intelligent control device applying an artificial intelligence model.如請求項1所述的電力調節系統，其中所述控制裝置利用一意外事件預測模型預測所述電網的一意外事件是否會發生以及所述意外事件的事件類別，所述控制裝置根據所述意外事件的事件類別控制所述混合儲能系統執行一應變操作。The power regulation system as described in claim 1, wherein the control device uses an accident prediction model to predict whether an accident of the power grid will occur and the event type of the accident, and the control device controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform a contingency operation according to the event type of the accident.如請求項4所述的電力調節系統，其中當所述意外事件預測為第一事件類別，所述控制裝置控制所述混合儲能系統執行一第一應變操作；當所述意外事件預測為第二事件類別，所述控制裝置控制所述混合儲能系統執行一第二應變操作。The power regulation system as described in claim 4, wherein when the accident event is predicted to be a first event category, the control device controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform a first response operation; when the accident event is predicted to be a second event category, the control device controls the hybrid energy storage system to perform a second response operation.如請求項1所述的電力調節系統，其中所述控制裝置根據所述發電機組的所述預測發電資訊、所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態以及所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態控制所述飛輪儲能裝置與所述電化學儲能裝置進行一平衡蓄電量操作。The power regulation system as described in claim 1, wherein the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a balanced power storage operation based on the predicted power generation information of the generator set, the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device, and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device.如請求項1所述的電力調節系統，其中根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態以及當前時間，所述控制裝置控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行充電操作，反應於所述電網的電網頻率發生異常，所述控制裝置根據所述電網頻率控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行放電操作，以將所述電網頻率恢復回正常狀態。The power regulation system as described in claim 1, wherein the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device, the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device and the current time, and in response to an abnormality in the grid frequency of the power grid, the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a discharging operation according to the grid frequency to restore the grid frequency to a normal state.如請求項7所述的電力調節系統，其中當所述當前時間處於一尖峰用電時段，所述控制裝置禁能所述飛輪儲能裝置與所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作；以及當所述當前時間處於一非尖峰用電時段，所述控制裝置根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、與所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作。The power conditioning system as described in claim 7, wherein when the current time is in a peak power consumption period, the control device disables the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device from performing the charging operation; and when the current time is in a non-peak power consumption period, the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device.如請求項8所述的電力調節系統，其中當所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第一充電門檻值且所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態未小於第二充電門檻值時，所述控制裝置控制所述飛輪儲能裝置根據第一充電功率進行所述充電操作；以及當所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第一門檻值且所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第二門檻值時，所述控制裝置控制所述飛輪儲能裝置根據所述第一充電功率進行所述充電操作，並控制所述電化學儲能裝置根據第二充電功率進行所述充電操作。The power conditioning system as described in claim 8, wherein when the state of charge of the flywheel energy storage device is less than a first charging threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is not less than a second charging threshold value, the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to a first charging power; and when the state of charge of the flywheel energy storage device is less than a first threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is less than a second threshold value, the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the first charging power, and controls the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to a second charging power.如請求項9所述的電力調節系統，其中當所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態未小於第一門檻值且所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第二門檻值時，所述控制裝置控制所述電化學儲能裝置根據所述第二充電功率進行所述充電操作。The power conditioning system as described in claim 9, wherein when the state of charge of the flywheel energy storage device is not less than the first threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is less than the second threshold value, the control device controls the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the second charging power.如請求項7所述的電力調節系統，其中當所述電網頻率小於一頻率門檻值且所述電網頻率的一下降變化率大於一變化率門檻值，所述控制裝置控制所述飛輪儲能裝置於一第一調頻時段進行所述放電操作，並控制所述電化學儲能裝置於所述第一調頻時段不動作。The power regulation system as described in claim 7, wherein when the grid frequency is less than a frequency threshold and a decreasing rate of change of the grid frequency is greater than a rate of change threshold, the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device to perform the discharge operation in a first frequency modulation period, and controls the electrochemical energy storage device to be inactive in the first frequency modulation period.如請求項11所述的電力調節系統，其中在所述第一調頻時段之後，當所述電網頻率持續小於所述頻率門檻值，所述控制裝置控制所述飛輪儲能裝置與所述電化學儲能裝置於一第二調頻時段同時進行放電操作。The power regulation system as described in claim 11, wherein after the first frequency modulation period, when the grid frequency continues to be less than the frequency threshold value, the control device controls the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device to perform discharge operations simultaneously in a second frequency modulation period.一種電力調節系統的控制方法，其中所述電力調節系統包括一混合儲能系統與一發電機組，而所述混合儲能系統包括一飛輪儲能裝置以及一電化學儲能裝置，所述方法包括：利用一發電預測模型預測所述發電機組的一預測發電資訊；根據所述發電機組的所述預測發電資訊控制所述混合儲能系統進行放電操作，以使所述發電機組的一系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態。A control method for an electric power regulation system, wherein the electric power regulation system includes a hybrid energy storage system and a generator set, and the hybrid energy storage system includes a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device, and the method includes: using a power generation prediction model to predict a predicted power generation information of the generator set;Controlling the hybrid energy storage system to perform a discharge operation according to the predicted power generation information of the generator set, so that a system output result of the generator set is maintained in a preset state.如請求項13所述的控制方法，其中所述發電機組為一風力發電機組。A control method as described in claim 13, wherein the generator set is a wind turbine generator set.如請求項13所述的控制方法，更包括：利用一意外事件預測模型預測電網的一意外事件是否會發生以及所述意外事件的事件類別；以及根據所述意外事件的事件類別控制所述混合儲能系統執行一應變操作。The control method as described in claim 13 further includes: using an accident prediction model to predict whether an accident of the power grid will occur and the event type of the accident; and controlling the hybrid energy storage system to perform a contingency operation according to the event type of the accident.如請求項15所述的控制方法，其中根據所述意外事件的事件類別控制所述混合儲能系統執行所述應變操作的步驟包括：當所述意外事件預測為第一事件類別，控制所述混合儲能系統執行一第一應變操作；以及當所述意外事件預測為第二事件類別，控制所述混合儲能系統執行一第二應變操作。As described in claim 15, the step of controlling the hybrid energy storage system to perform the strain operation according to the event category of the accident includes: when the accident is predicted to be a first event category, controlling the hybrid energy storage system to perform a first strain operation; and when the accident is predicted to be a second event category, controlling the hybrid energy storage system to perform a second strain operation.如請求項13所述的控制方法，更包括：根據所述發電機組的所述預測發電資訊、所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態以及所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態控制所述飛輪儲能裝置與所述電化學儲能裝置進行一平衡蓄電量操作。The control method as described in claim 13 further includes: controlling the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a balanced power storage operation based on the predicted power generation information of the generator set, the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device, and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device.如請求項13所述的控制方法，更包括：根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態以及當前時間，控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行充電操作；以及反應於電網的電網頻率發生異常，根據所述電網頻率控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行放電操作，以將所述電網頻率恢復回正常狀態。The control method as described in claim 13 further includes: Controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device, the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device and the current time; and in response to an abnormality in the grid frequency of the power grid, controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a discharging operation according to the grid frequency to restore the grid frequency to a normal state.如請求項18所述的控制方法，其中根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態以及當前時間，控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作的步驟包括：當所述當前時間處於一尖峰用電時段，禁能所述飛輪儲能裝置與所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作；以及當所述當前時間處於一非尖峰用電時段，根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、與所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作。As described in claim 18, the control method, wherein the step of controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device, the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device and the current time includes: when the current time is in a peak power consumption period, disabling the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation; and when the current time is in a non-peak power consumption period, controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device.如請求項19所述的控制方法，其中當所述當前時間處於所述非尖峰用電時段，根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、與所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作的步驟包括：當所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第一充電門檻值且所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態未小於第二充電門檻值時，控制所述飛輪儲能裝置根據第一充電功率進行所述充電操作；以及當所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第一門檻值且所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第二門檻值時，控制所述飛輪儲能裝置根據所述第一充電功率進行所述充電操作，並控制所述電化學儲能裝置根據第二充電功率進行所述充電操作。As described in claim 19, the control method, wherein when the current time is in the non-peak power consumption period, the step of controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device includes: when the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device is less than a first charging threshold value and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device is not less than a first charging threshold value, When the state of charge of the flywheel energy storage device is less than the first threshold value and the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is less than the second threshold value, the flywheel energy storage device is controlled to perform the charging operation according to the first charging power, and the electrochemical energy storage device is controlled to perform the charging operation according to the second charging power.如請求項20所述的控制方法，其中當所述當前時間處於所述非尖峰用電時段，根據所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態、與所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行所述充電操作的步驟還包括：當所述飛輪儲能裝置的荷電狀態未小於第一門檻值且所述電化學儲能裝置的荷電狀態小於第二門檻值時，控制所述電化學儲能裝置根據所述第二充電功率進行所述充電操作。As described in claim 20, the control method, wherein when the current time is in the non-peak power consumption period, the step of controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device further includes: when the charge state of the flywheel energy storage device is not less than the first threshold value and the charge state of the electrochemical energy storage device is less than the second threshold value, controlling the electrochemical energy storage device to perform the charging operation according to the second charging power.如請求項18所述的控制方法，其中反應於所述電網的所述電網頻率發生異常，根據所述電網頻率控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行放電操作，以將所述電網頻率調整回正常狀態的步驟包括：當所述電網頻率小於一頻率門檻值且所述電網頻率的一下降變化率大於一變化率門檻值，控制所述飛輪儲能裝置於一第一調頻時段進行所述放電操作，並控制所述電化學儲能裝置於所述第一調頻時段不動作。The control method as described in claim 18, wherein in response to an abnormality in the grid frequency of the grid, the step of controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a discharge operation according to the grid frequency to adjust the grid frequency back to a normal state includes: when the grid frequency is less than a frequency threshold value and a decreasing rate of change of the grid frequency is greater than a rate of change threshold value, controlling the flywheel energy storage device to perform the discharge operation in a first frequency modulation period, and controlling the electrochemical energy storage device not to operate in the first frequency modulation period.如請求項22所述的控制方法，其中反應於所述電網的所述電網頻率發生異常，根據所述電網頻率控制所述飛輪儲能裝置或所述電化學儲能裝置進行放電操作，以將所述電網頻率調整回正常狀態的步驟還包括：在所述第一調頻時段之後，當所述電網頻率持續小於所述頻率門檻值，控制所述飛輪儲能裝置與所述電化學儲能裝置於一第二調頻時段同時進行放電操作。The control method as described in claim 22, wherein in response to an abnormality in the grid frequency of the grid, the step of controlling the flywheel energy storage device or the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a discharge operation according to the grid frequency to adjust the grid frequency back to a normal state further includes: after the first frequency modulation period, when the grid frequency continues to be less than the frequency threshold value, controlling the flywheel energy storage device and the electrochemical energy storage device to perform a discharge operation simultaneously in a second frequency modulation period.一種控制裝置，適於控制結合風力發電的電力調節系統中的一混合儲能系統，所述混合儲能系統包括一飛輪儲能裝置以及一電化學儲能裝置，所述控制裝置包括：一收發器，可傳送及接收外部裝置的指令與資訊；一儲存裝置，儲存有多個指令；一處理器，耦接所述儲存裝置，執行所述多個指令以：利用一發電預測模型預測一發電機組的一預測發電資訊；根據所述發電機組的所述預測發電資訊控制所述混合儲能系統進行放電操作，以使所述發電機組的一系統輸出結果維持於預設狀態。A control device is suitable for controlling a hybrid energy storage system in a power regulation system combined with wind power generation, the hybrid energy storage system includes a flywheel energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device, the control device includes: a transceiver, which can transmit and receive instructions and information from an external device; a storage device, which stores multiple instructions; a processor, coupled to the storage device, executes the multiple instructions to: use a power generation prediction model to predict a predicted power generation information of a generator set; control the hybrid energy storage system to perform a discharge operation according to the predicted power generation information of the generator set, so that a system output result of the generator set is maintained in a preset state.如請求項24所述的控制裝置，其中所述處理器更經配置以：利用一電網意外事件預測模型預測一意外事件是否會發生以及一意外事件的事件類別；以及根據電網意外事件的事件類別控制混合儲能系統執行應變操作，並維持一電網正常運作。A control device as described in claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to: use a grid contingency prediction model to predict whether an accident will occur and the event type of an accident; and control the hybrid energy storage system to perform a contingency operation according to the event type of the grid accident and maintain the normal operation of a grid.如請求項24所述的控制裝置，其中所述發電機組為一風力發電機組。A control device as described in claim 24, wherein the generator set is a wind turbine generator set.如請求項24所述的控制裝置，其中所述控制裝置包括應用一人工智慧模型的一智慧控制裝置。A control device as described in claim 24, wherein the control device includes an intelligent control device that applies an artificial intelligence model.

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