TWI699953B - Control chip, DC-DC converter and portable electronic device using the DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

一種可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，係依一加總信號及一補償信號進行一電壓比較操作以產生一脈衝寬度調變信號，以將一輸入電壓轉成一輸出電壓，其中該加總信號係一斜坡補償信號與一電流感測電壓之和，該斜坡補償信號係一周期性的斜坡信號，且該電流感測電壓係一電能傳輸單元之一電感電流之感測值，該直流-直流轉換器的特徵在於：該補償信號係一誤差積分信號與一輸入電壓感測信號之和，其中，該誤差積分信號係通過對一回授電壓和一參考電壓之一差值進行一積分操作而產生，該回授電壓係依該輸出電壓之一比例產生，且該輸入電壓感測信號係依該輸入電壓之一比例產生。A DC-DC converter capable of accelerating the response of line voltage changes. A voltage comparison operation is performed on a sum signal and a compensation signal to generate a pulse width modulation signal to convert an input voltage into an output voltage. The sum signal is the sum of a slope compensation signal and a current sense voltage, the slope compensation signal is a periodic ramp signal, and the current sense voltage is a sensed value of an inductor current of a power transmission unit, The DC-DC converter is characterized in that: the compensation signal is the sum of an error integration signal and an input voltage sensing signal, wherein the error integration signal is measured by a difference between a feedback voltage and a reference voltage An integral operation is generated, the feedback voltage is generated according to a ratio of the output voltage, and the input voltage sensing signal is generated according to a ratio of the input voltage.

Description

Translated fromChinese

控制晶片、直流-直流轉換器及利用該直流-直流轉換器之攜帶型電子裝置Control chip, DC-DC converter and portable electronic device using the DC-DC converter

本發明係有關一種直流-直流轉換器，尤指一種可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器。The present invention relates to a DC-DC converter, in particular to a DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes.

由於現今以DC-DC(direct current-direct current；直流-直流)輸出作為電源的電子產品對DC-DC的輸出精度和紋波要求越來越高，相對應的對DC-DC的負載瞬間變化(load-transient)和線電壓瞬間變化(line-transient)的 回應要求也提高。當DC-DC的負載電流突變或者輸入電壓突變時，DC-DC的輸出電壓紋波要盡可能小。As electronic products that use DC-DC (direct current-direct current; DC-DC) output as their power source are increasingly demanding DC-DC output accuracy and ripple, the corresponding DC-DC load changes instantaneously. Response requirements for load-transient and line-transient changes have also increased. When the DC-DC load current suddenly changes or the input voltage changes suddenly, the DC-DC output voltage ripple should be as small as possible.

請參照圖1，其繪示一習知DC-DC轉換器的電路圖。如圖1 所示，該習知DC-DC轉換器具有由一電阻11a和一電阻11b串聯而成之一分壓電路、一誤差放大器12、一斜坡補償單元13、一電流感測單元14、一加法單元15、一比較器16、一驅動單元17、一電能傳輸單元18及一輸出電容19。Please refer to FIG. 1, which shows a circuit diagram of a conventional DC-DC converter. As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional DC-DC converter has aresistor 11a and aresistor 11b in series to form a voltage divider circuit, anerror amplifier 12, aslope compensation unit 13, and acurrent sensing unit 14. , An addingunit 15, acomparator 16, adriving unit 17, apower transmission unit 18 and anoutput capacitor 19.

該分壓電路係用以依一輸出電壓V_OUT之一比例產生一回授電壓V_FB；The voltage divider circuit is used to generate a feedback voltage V_FB according to a proportion of an output voltage V_OUT ;

誤差放大器12係用以對回授電壓V_FB和一參考電壓V_REF之一差值信號進行一積分操作以產生一誤差積分信號V_EA；Theerror amplifier 12 is used to perform an integration operation on a difference signal of the feedback voltage V_FB and a reference voltage V_REF to generate an error integration signal V_EA ;

斜坡補償單元13係用以產生一斜坡補償信號V_RAMP；Theslope compensation unit 13 is used to generate a slope compensation signal V_RAMP ;

電流感測單元14係用以依電能傳輸單元18之一電感電流I_L產生一電流感測電壓V_S；Thecurrent sensing unit 14 is used to generate a current sensing voltage V_S according to an inductor current I_{L of the}power transmission unit 18;

加法單元15係用以依斜坡補償信號V_RAMP及電流感測電壓V_S之和產生一加總信號V_SUM；Theaddition unit 15 is used for generating a sum signal V_SUM according to the sum of the slope compensation signal V_RAMP and the current sensing voltage V_S ;

比較器16係用以對誤差積分信號V_EA和加總信號V_SUM進行一電壓比較操作以產生一脈衝寬度調變信號PWM；Thecomparator 16 is used to perform a voltage comparison operation on the error integration signal V_EA and the sum signal V_SUM to generate a pulse width modulation signal PWM;

驅動單元17係用以依脈衝寬度調變信號PWM產生一驅動信號V_DRV；Thedriving unit 17 is used for generating a driving signal V_DRV according to the pulse width modulation signal PWM;

電能傳輸單元18係用以依驅動信號V_DRV之驅動進行一能量轉移操作以將一輸入電壓V_IN之電能傳輸至輸出電壓V_OUT，且在該能量轉移操作的過程中會產生電感電流I_L；以及Thepower transmission unit 18 is used to perform an energy transfer operation driven by the driving signal V_{DRV to} transfer the power of an input voltage V_IN to the output voltage V_OUT , and an inductor current I_L is generated during the energy transfer operation ;as well as

輸出電容19係用以對輸出電壓V_OUT提供一濾波作用。Theoutput capacitor 19 is used to provide a filtering effect on the output voltage V_OUT .

於操作時，該習知DC-DC轉換器係通過電流感測單元14對電能傳輸單元18中流過一功率電晶體(未示於圖1中)的電感電流I_L進行採樣以得到電流感測電壓V_S； 在V_S上疊加斜坡補償信號V_RAMP以生成電壓加總信號V_SUM；以及V_SUM與電壓控制環路中的誤差放大器12所輸出的誤差積分信號V_EA進行比較以產生脈衝寬度調變信號PWM。於穩態時，脈衝寬度調變信號PWM會具有一占空比D以使輸出電壓V_OUT等於一預期的輸出電壓V_O，其中V_O= (1+R₁/R₂)*V_REF，R₁、R₂分別代表電阻11a和電阻11b的電阻值。In operation, the conventional DC-DC converter uses thecurrent sensing unit 14 to sample the inductor current_IL flowing through a power transistor (not shown in FIG. 1) in thepower transmission unit 18 to obtain current sensing. Voltage V_S ; superimpose the slope compensation signal V_RAMP on V_S to generate a voltage sum signal V_SUM ; and compare V_SUM with the error integral signal V_EA output by theerror amplifier 12 in the voltage control loop to generate a pulse width Modulation signal PWM. In the steady state, the pulse width modulation signal PWM will have a duty cycle D such that the output voltage V_OUT is equal to an expected output voltage V_O , where V_O = (1+R₁ /R₂ )*V_REF , R₁ and R₂ represent the resistance values of theresistor 11a and theresistor 11b, respectively.

當輸入電壓V_IN的準位發生改變時，脈衝寬度調變信號PWM的占空比D須做出相應的改變以使輸出電壓V_OUT能夠維持預期的輸出電壓V_O。When the level of the input voltage V_IN changes, the duty cycle D of the pulse width modulation signal PWM must be changed accordingly so that the output voltage V_OUT can maintain the expected output voltage V_O.

然而，占空比D卻會因誤差放大器12的積分電路的作用而不能加速變化到預期的值，從而導致輸出電壓V_OUT出現抖動，且占空比D的變化速度越慢，輸出電壓V_OUT的抖動就越大。However, the duty cycle D cannot be accelerated to the expected value due to the action of the integrator circuit of theerror amplifier 12, resulting in the output voltage V_OUT jittering, and the slower the duty cycle D changes, the output voltage V_OUT The greater the jitter.

為解決上述問題，本領域亟需一種可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, there is an urgent need in the art for a DC-DC converter that can accelerate the response to line voltage changes.

本發明之一目的在於提供一種直流-直流轉換器，其可藉由將輸入電壓的變化量納入脈衝寬度調變信號的決定因子中以加速調整脈衝調變信號的占空比，從而除了使輸出電壓維持預期的電壓外，輸出電壓的漣波也能夠保持不變。One object of the present invention is to provide a DC-DC converter, which can accelerate the adjustment of the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal by incorporating the variation of the input voltage into the determinant factor of the pulse width modulation signal, so as to increase the output In addition to maintaining the expected voltage, the ripple of the output voltage can also remain unchanged.

本發明之另一目的在於提供一種攜帶型電子裝置，其可在兩種不同電壓的電壓源中任意擇一做為供電來源，且可藉由一可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器加速調整脈衝調變信號的占空比，以在電壓源切換時使輸出電壓維持預期的電壓及使輸出電壓的漣波保持不變，從而確保攜帶型電子裝置內之資訊處理單元能穩定操作。Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable electronic device, which can choose one of two voltage sources with different voltages as a power source, and can use a DC-DC converter that can accelerate the reaction of line voltage changes Accelerate the adjustment of the duty cycle of the pulse modulation signal to keep the output voltage at the expected voltage and the ripple of the output voltage when the voltage source is switched, so as to ensure the stable operation of the information processing unit in the portable electronic device.

為達到前述之目的，一種可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器乃被提出，其具有一控制電路以執行一直流-直流轉換操作，該直流-直流轉換操作係依一加總信號及一補償信號進行一電壓比較操作以產生一脈衝寬度調變信號，以將一輸入電壓轉成一輸出電壓，其中該加總信號係一斜坡補償信號與一電流感測電壓之和，該斜坡補償信號係一周期性的斜坡信號，且該電流感測電壓係一電能傳輸單元之一電感電流之感測值，該直流-直流轉換操作的特徵在於：In order to achieve the aforementioned purpose, a DC-DC converter that can accelerate the reaction of line voltage changes is proposed. It has a control circuit to perform a DC-DC conversion operation. The DC-DC conversion operation is based on a summing signal and A compensation signal performs a voltage comparison operation to generate a pulse width modulation signal to convert an input voltage into an output voltage, wherein the sum signal is the sum of a slope compensation signal and a current sense voltage, and the slope compensation The signal is a periodic ramp signal, and the current sensing voltage is a sensed value of an inductor current of an electric power transmission unit. The characteristics of the DC-DC conversion operation are:

該補償信號係一誤差積分信號與一輸入電壓感測信號之和，其中，該誤差積分信號係通過對一回授電壓和一參考電壓之一差值進行一積分操作而產生，該回授電壓係依該輸出電壓之一比例產生，且該輸入電壓感測信號係依該輸入電壓之一比例產生。The compensation signal is the sum of an error integration signal and an input voltage sensing signal, wherein the error integration signal is generated by performing an integration operation on a difference between a feedback voltage and a reference voltage, the feedback voltage It is generated according to a ratio of the output voltage, and the input voltage sensing signal is generated according to a ratio of the input voltage.

在一實施例中，所述控制電路具有一輸入電壓感測單元以產生該輸入電壓感測信號，且該輸入電壓感測單元包含一轉導放大器。In one embodiment, the control circuit has an input voltage sensing unit to generate the input voltage sensing signal, and the input voltage sensing unit includes a transconductance amplifier.

在一實施例中，所述控制電路具有一加法單元以依該誤差積分信號及該輸入電壓感測信號之和產生該補償信號，且該第一加法單元包含一NMOS電晶體及與該NMOS電晶體之源極疊接之一電阻。In one embodiment, the control circuit has an adding unit to generate the compensation signal according to the sum of the error integration signal and the input voltage sensing signal, and the first adding unit includes an NMOS transistor and the NMOS transistor. The source of the crystal is stacked with a resistor.

在一實施例中，所述控制電路具有一斜坡信號產生單元以產生該加總信號，該斜坡信號產生單元具有：In one embodiment, the control circuit has a ramp signal generating unit to generate the sum signal, and the ramp signal generating unit has:

一斜坡補償單元，用以產生該斜坡補償信號；A slope compensation unit for generating the slope compensation signal;

一電流感測單元，用以產生該電流感測電壓；以及A current sensing unit for generating the current sensing voltage; and

一加法單元，用以依該斜坡補償信號與該電流感測電壓之和產生該加總信號。An adding unit is used to generate the sum signal according to the sum of the slope compensation signal and the current sensing voltage.

在一實施例中，所述控制電路具有一斜坡信號產生單元以產生該加總信號，該斜坡信號產生單元具有：In one embodiment, the control circuit has a ramp signal generating unit to generate the sum signal, and the ramp signal generating unit has:

一電流源，其係由一直流電壓供電以輸出一定電流；A current source, which is powered by a DC voltage to output a certain current;

一電容，具有一上電極和一下電極，該上電極係與該電流源耦接且係用以提供該加總信號，該下電極係與該電能傳輸單元耦接以接收流出該電能傳輸單元的所述電感電流；A capacitor has an upper electrode and a lower electrode, the upper electrode is coupled to the current source and used to provide the summation signal, and the lower electrode is coupled to the power transmission unit to receive output from the power transmission unit The inductor current;

一開關，係與該電容並聯；以及A switch connected in parallel with the capacitor; and

一電阻，耦接於該下電極與一參考地之間。A resistor is coupled between the bottom electrode and a reference ground.

在一實施例中，所述控制電路具有一斜坡信號產生單元以產生該加總信號，該斜坡信號產生單元具有：In one embodiment, the control circuit has a ramp signal generating unit to generate the sum signal, and the ramp signal generating unit has:

一電容，具有一上電極和一下電極；A capacitor with an upper electrode and a lower electrode;

一第一開關，耦接於該上電極與一直流電壓之間；A first switch, coupled between the upper electrode and the DC voltage;

一第二開關，耦接於該下電極與該直流電壓之間；A second switch, coupled between the lower electrode and the DC voltage;

一電阻，其一端係與該下電極耦接，另一端係與該電能傳輸單元耦接以產生流入該電能傳輸單元的所述電感電流且係用以提供該加總信號；以及A resistor, one end of which is coupled to the lower electrode, and the other end of which is coupled to the power transmission unit to generate the inductive current flowing into the power transmission unit and to provide the sum signal; and

一電流源，其係耦接於該下電極與一參考地之間以提供流入該參考地之一定電流。A current source is coupled between the bottom electrode and a reference ground to provide a certain current flowing into the reference ground.

為達到前述之目的，本發明進一步提出一種控制晶片，其具有如前述之控制電路。In order to achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention further provides a control chip having the aforementioned control circuit.

為達到前述之目的，本發明進一步提出一種攜帶型電子裝置，其具有如前述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器及一資訊處理單元，其中，所述之直流-直流轉換器係用以提供該輸出電壓以供電給該資訊處理單元。In order to achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention further provides a portable electronic device, which has the aforementioned DC-DC converter and an information processing unit capable of accelerating the response line voltage change, wherein the DC-DC converter is Used to provide the output voltage to power the information processing unit.

在可能的實施例中，所述之攜帶型電子裝置可為一攜帶型電腦或一手持智慧裝置。In a possible embodiment, the portable electronic device can be a portable computer or a handheld smart device.

本發明之直流-直流轉換器的輸出電壓能夠加速反應輸入電壓的準位變換的原理在於：本發明將輸入電壓的變化量納入脈衝寬度調變信號的決定因子中，依此，當輸入電壓從一第一準位變到一第二準位時，輸入電壓的變化會驅使脈衝寬度調變信號加速改變其占空比，且在穩態時，斜坡補償信號的變化量和電流感測電壓的變化量的總和會與輸入電壓的變化量成零和的關係，從而使誤差放大器的輸出準位不變，亦即使輸出電壓的漣波不變。The principle that the output voltage of the DC-DC converter of the present invention can accelerate the level change of the response input voltage is: the present invention incorporates the variation of the input voltage into the determining factor of the pulse width modulation signal, and accordingly, when the input voltage changes from When a first level is changed to a second level, the change of the input voltage will drive the pulse width modulation signal to accelerate to change its duty cycle, and in the steady state, the change of the slope compensation signal and the current sensing voltage The sum of the changes will have a zero-sum relationship with the change of the input voltage, so that the output level of the error amplifier remains unchanged, even if the ripple of the output voltage does not change.

請參照圖2，其為本發明之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器之一實施例的電路圖。如圖2所示，該直流-直流轉換器具有一回授電路101、一誤差放大器102、一輸入電壓感測單元103、一第一加法單元104、一斜坡信號產生單元105、一比較器106、一驅動單元107、一電能傳輸單元108及一輸出電容109，其中，誤差放大器102、輸入電壓感測單元103、第一加法單元104、斜坡信號產生單元105、比較器106及驅動單元107組成一控制電路以執行一直流-直流轉換操作，且斜坡信號產生單元105具有一斜坡補償單元105a、一電流感測單元105b及一第二加法單元105c。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the DC-DC converter has afeedback circuit 101, anerror amplifier 102, an inputvoltage sensing unit 103, a first addingunit 104, a rampsignal generating unit 105, acomparator 106, Adriving unit 107, apower transmission unit 108, and anoutput capacitor 109, wherein theerror amplifier 102, the inputvoltage sensing unit 103, the first addingunit 104, the rampsignal generating unit 105, thecomparator 106, and thedriving unit 107 constitute one The control circuit performs a DC-DC conversion operation, and the rampsignal generating unit 105 has aslope compensation unit 105a, acurrent sensing unit 105b, and a second addingunit 105c.

回授電路101係用以依一輸出電壓V_OUT之一比例產生一回授電壓V_FB；Thefeedback circuit 101 is used to generate a feedback voltage V_FB according to a ratio of an output voltage V_OUT ;

誤差放大器102係用以對回授電壓V_FB和一參考電壓(未示於圖2中)之一差值信號進行一積分操作以產生一誤差積分信號V_EA；Theerror amplifier 102 is used to perform an integration operation on a difference signal of the feedback voltage V_FB and a reference voltage (not shown in FIG. 2) to generate an error integration signal V_EA ;

輸入電壓感測單元103係用以依一輸入電壓V_IN之一比例產生一輸入電壓感測信號V_INS；The inputvoltage sensing unit 103 is used for generating an input voltage sensing signal V_INS according to a ratio of an input voltage V_IN ;

第一加法單元104係用以依誤差積分信號V_EA及輸入電壓感測信號V_INS之和產生一補償信號V_COMP；The first addingunit 104 is used for generating a compensation signal V_COMP according to the sum of the error integration signal V_EA and the input voltage sensing signal V_INS ;

斜坡補償單元105a係用以產生一斜坡補償信號V_RAMP；Theslope compensation unit 105a is used to generate a slope compensation signal V_RAMP ;

電流感測單元105b係用以依電能傳輸單元108之一電感電流I_L產生一電流感測電壓V_S；Thecurrent sensing unit 105b is used to generate a current sensing voltage V_S according to an inductor current I_{L of the}power transmission unit 108;

第二加法單元105c係用以依斜坡補償信號V_RAMP及電流感測電壓V_S之和產生一加總信號V_SUM；The second addingunit 105c is used to generate a sum signal V_SUM according to the sum of the slope compensation signal V_RAMP and the current sensing voltage V_S ;

比較器106係用以對補償信號V_COMP和加總信號V_SUM進行一電壓比較操作以產生一脈衝寬度調變信號PWM；Thecomparator 106 is used to perform a voltage comparison operation on the compensation signal V_COMP and the sum signal V_SUM to generate a pulse width modulation signal PWM;

驅動單元107係用以依脈衝寬度調變信號PWM產生一驅動信號V_DRV；Thedriving unit 107 is used for generating a driving signal V_DRV according to the pulse width modulation signal PWM;

電能傳輸單元108係用以依驅動信號V_DRV之驅動進行一能量轉移操作以將輸入電壓V_IN之電能傳輸至輸出電壓V_OUT，且在該能量轉移操作的過程中會產生電感電流I_L；以及Thepower transmission unit 108 is used to perform an energy transfer operation driven by the driving signal V_{DRV to} transfer the power of the input voltage V_IN to the output voltage V_OUT , and an inductor current I_L is generated during the energy transfer operation; as well as

輸出電容109係用以對輸出電壓V_OUT提供一濾波作用。Theoutput capacitor 109 is used to provide a filtering effect on the output voltage V_OUT .

於操作時，本發明之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器係通過電流感測單元105b對電能傳輸單元108中流過一功率電晶體(未示於圖2中)的電感電流I_L進行採樣以得到電流感測電壓V_S； 在V_S上疊加斜坡補償信號V_RAMP以生成加總信號V_SUM；以及V_SUM與補償信號V_COMP進行比較以產生脈衝寬度調變信號PWM。於穩態時，脈衝寬度調變信號PWM會具有一占空比D以使輸出電壓V_OUT等於一預期的輸出電壓V_O，其中V_O= (1+R₁/R₂)*V_REF，R₁、R₂分別代表回授電路101中之兩個分壓電阻的電阻值，且V_REF代表誤差放大器102內部之所述參考電壓。In operation, the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating the reaction of line voltage changes of the present invention uses thecurrent sensing unit 105b to detect the inductor current_IL flowing through a power transistor (not shown in FIG. 2) in thepower transmission unit 108 Sampling is performed to obtain the current sensing voltage V_S ; the slope compensation signal V_RAMP is superimposed on V_S to generate the sum signal V_SUM ; and V_{SUM is} compared with the compensation signal V_COMP to generate the pulse width modulation signal PWM. In the steady state, the pulse width modulation signal PWM will have a duty cycle D such that the output voltage V_OUT is equal to an expected output voltage V_O , where V_O = (1+R₁ /R₂ )*V_REF , R₁ and R₂ respectively represent the resistance values of the two voltage dividing resistors in thefeedback circuit 101, and V_REF represents the reference voltage inside theerror amplifier 102.

當輸入電壓V_IN的準位發生改變時，脈衝寬度調變信號PWM的占空比D須做出相應的改變以使輸出電壓V_OUT能夠維持預期的輸出電壓V_O。為了使輸出電壓V_OUT的漣波能夠保持不變，占空比D的變化就不能由誤差積分信號V_EA驅動。因此，本發明乃藉由將誤差積分信號V_EA與輸入電壓感測信號V_INS加總以產生補償信號V_COMP，以在電壓感測信號V_INS的準位改變時能夠加速改變占空比D，再藉著整個電路的負回授機制驅使加總信號V_SUM(電流感測電壓V_S與斜坡補償信號V_RAMP之加總)產生對應的變化量，從而除了使輸出電壓V_OUT維持預期的輸出電壓V_O外，誤差積分信號V_EA也能維持不變，亦即輸出電壓V_OUT的漣波也能夠保持不變。When the level of the input voltage V_IN changes, the duty cycle D of the pulse width modulation signal PWM must be changed accordingly so that the output voltage V_OUT can maintain the expected output voltage V_O. In order to keep the ripple of the output voltage V_OUT constant, the change of the duty cycle D cannot be driven by the error integration signal V_EA . Therefore, the present invention generates the compensation signal V_COMP by adding the error integration signal V_EA and the input voltage sensing signal V_INS to accelerate the change of the duty cycle D when the level of the voltage sensing signal V_INS changes. , And then use the negative feedback mechanism of the entire circuit to drive the sum signal V_SUM (the sum of the current sense voltage V_S and the slope compensation signal V_RAMP ) to produce a corresponding amount of change, so as to maintain the expected output voltage V_OUT In addition to the output voltage V_O , the error integration signal V_EA can also remain unchanged, that is, the ripple of the output voltage V_OUT can also remain unchanged.

請參照圖3，其為圖2之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器之一細部實施例的電路圖。如圖3所示，回授電路101具有成串聯組態之一第一電阻101a及一第二電阻101b；誤差放大器102係由內部具有一電阻-電容之低通網路的一積分放大器102a構成；輸入電壓感測單元103係由一轉導放大器103a構成，其中轉導放大器103a之正輸入端係與輸入電壓V_IN耦接，負輸入端係與一參考地耦接，及輸出端係用以輸出一電流I_VIN；第一加法單元104係由一NMOS電晶體104a和一第三電阻104b之一疊接組態構成；斜坡信號產生單元105中的斜坡補償單元105a、電流感測單元105b及第二加法單元105c的等效電路可由一電流源105d、一電容105e、一開關105f及一第四電阻105g構成，其中電流源105d、電容105e及開關105f係用以在電容105e的上、下電極間產生斜坡補償信號V_RAMP，且第四電阻105g係用以依電感電流I_L的峰值產生電流感測電壓V_S，俾以在電容105e的上電極產生加總信號V_SUM。具體而言，電流源105d係由一直流電壓供電以輸出一定電流；電容105e具有一上電極和一下電極，該上電極係與電流源105d耦接且係用以提供加總信號V_SUM，該下電極係與電能傳輸單元108耦接以接收流出電能傳輸單元108的電感電流I_L；開關105f係與電容105e並聯；以及第四電阻105g係耦接於該下電極與參考地之間。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a circuit diagram of a detailed embodiment of the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, thefeedback circuit 101 has afirst resistor 101a and asecond resistor 101b in series configuration; theerror amplifier 102 is composed of an integratingamplifier 102a with a resistor-capacitor low-pass network inside. The inputvoltage sensing unit 103 is composed of atransconductance amplifier 103a, wherein the positive input end of thetransconductance amplifier 103a is coupled to the input voltage V_IN , the negative input end is coupled to a reference ground, and the output end is used To output a current I_VIN ; the first addingunit 104 is composed of anNMOS transistor 104a and athird resistor 104b in a stacked configuration; theslope compensation unit 105a and thecurrent sensing unit 105b in the slopesignal generating unit 105 And the equivalent circuit of the second addingunit 105c can be composed of acurrent source 105d, acapacitor 105e, aswitch 105f, and afourth resistor 105g, wherein thecurrent source 105d, thecapacitor 105e and theswitch 105f are used on thecapacitor 105e, The slope compensation signal V_{RAMP is} generated between the lower electrodes, and thefourth resistor 105g is used to generate the current sensing voltage V_S according to the peak value of the inductor current I_L to generate the sum signal V_SUM on the upper electrode of thecapacitor 105e. Specifically, thecurrent source 105d is powered by a DC voltage to output a certain current; thecapacitor 105e has an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and the upper electrode is coupled to thecurrent source 105d and used to provide the sum signal V_SUM . The lower electrode is coupled to thepower transmission unit 108 to receive the inductor current_IL flowing out of thepower transmission unit 108; theswitch 105f is connected in parallel with thecapacitor 105e; and thefourth resistor 105g is coupled between the lower electrode and the reference ground.

於操作時，如果輸入電壓V_IN由V_IN1變為V_IN2，也就是說

，則本發明會使占空比D加速地由D₁變為D₂。具體而言，在輸入電壓V_IN由V_IN1變為V_IN2時本發明會使補償信號V_COMP立即產生對應的變化，其變化量可表為

，其中gm為轉導放大器103a的跨導，R_COMP為第三電阻104b的電阻值。之後，整個電路的負回授機制會使加總信號V_SUM的變化量等於補償信號V_COMP的變化量，也就是說，

，從而使輸出電壓V_OUT維持預期的輸出電壓且其漣波也能夠保持不變。During operation, if the input voltage V_IN changes from V_IN1 to V_IN2 , that is to say

, The present invention will accelerate the duty cycle D from D₁ to D₂ . Specifically, when the input voltage V_IN changes from V_IN1 to V_IN2 , the present invention will cause the compensation signal V_{COMP to} immediately produce a corresponding change, and the amount of change can be expressed as

, Where gm is the transconductance of thetransconductance amplifier 103a, and R_COMP is the resistance value of thethird resistor 104b. After that, the negative feedback mechanism of the entire circuit makes the change of the sum signal V_SUM equal to the change of the compensation signal V_COMP , that is,

, So that the output voltage V_OUT maintains the expected output voltage and its ripple can also remain unchanged.

請參照圖4，其為圖2之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器之另一細部實施例的電路圖。如圖4所示，回授電路101具有成串聯組態之一第一電阻101a及一第二電阻101b；誤差放大器102係由內部具有一電阻-電容之低通網路的一積分放大器102a構成；輸入電壓感測單元103係由一轉導放大器103a構成，其中轉導放大器103a之負輸入端係與輸入電壓V_IN耦接，正輸入端係與參考地耦接，及輸出端係用以提供一灌電流I_VIN；第一加法單元104係由一NMOS電晶體104a和一第三電阻104b之一疊接組態構成，以在第三電阻104b之一端產生補償信號V_COMP；斜坡信號產生單元105中的斜坡補償單元105a、電流感測單元105b及第二加法單元105c的等效電路可由一電容105e、一開關105f、一第四電阻105g、一開關105h及一電流源105i構成，其中電容105e、開關105f、開關105h及電流源105i係用以在電容105e的上、下電極間產生斜坡補償信號V_RAMP，且第四電阻105g係用以依電感電流I_L的谷值產生電流感測電壓V_S，俾以在第四電阻105g的一端產生加總信號V_SUM。具體而言，電容105e具有一上電極和一下電極；       開關105h耦接於該上電極與一直流電壓V_B之間；開關105f耦接於該下電極與直流電壓V_B之間；第四電阻105g之一端係與該下電極耦接，另一端係與電能傳輸單元108耦接以產生流入電能傳輸單元108的電感電流I_L且係用以提供加總信號V_SUM；以及電流源105i係耦接於該下電極與參考地之間以提供流入參考地之一定電流。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a circuit diagram of another detailed embodiment of the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, thefeedback circuit 101 has afirst resistor 101a and asecond resistor 101b in series configuration; theerror amplifier 102 is composed of an integratingamplifier 102a with a resistor-capacitor low-pass network inside. The inputvoltage sensing unit 103 is composed of atransconductance amplifier 103a, wherein the negative input end of thetransconductance amplifier 103a is coupled with the input voltage V_IN , the positive input end is coupled with the reference ground, and the output end is used A sink current I_{VIN is provided} ; the first addingunit 104 is composed of anNMOS transistor 104a and athird resistor 104b in a stacked configuration to generate a compensation signal V_COMP at one end of thethird resistor 104b; ramp signal generation The equivalent circuit of theslope compensation unit 105a, thecurrent sensing unit 105b, and the second addingunit 105c in theunit 105 can be composed of acapacitor 105e, aswitch 105f, afourth resistor 105g, aswitch 105h, and acurrent source 105i, where Thecapacitor 105e,switch 105f,switch 105h, andcurrent source 105i are used to generate a slope compensation signal V_RAMP between the upper and lower electrodes of thecapacitor 105e, and thefourth resistor 105g is used to generate a current sense according to the valley value of the inductor current I_L The voltage V_{S is} measured to generate the sum signal V_SUM at one end of thefourth resistor 105g. Specifically, the capacitor having anupper electrode 105e and a lower electrode; 105h switch coupled between the upper electrode and theDC voltage V_B; 105f coupled between the switching electrode and the lower DC voltage V_B; fourth resistor One end of 105g is coupled to the bottom electrode, and the other end is coupled to thepower transmission unit 108 to generate the inductive current_IL flowing into thepower transmission unit 108 and to provide the sum signal V_SUM ; and thecurrent source 105i is coupled Connected between the lower electrode and the reference ground to provide a certain current flowing into the reference ground.

於操作時，如果輸入電壓V_IN由V_IN1變為V_IN2，也就是說

，則本發明會使占空比D加速地由D₁變為D₂。具體而言，在輸入電壓V_IN由V_IN1變為V_IN2時本發明會使補償信號V_COMP立即產生對應的變化，其變化量可表為

，其中gm為轉導放大器103a的跨導，R_COMP為第三電阻104b的電阻值。之後，整個電路的負回授機制會使加總信號V_SUM的變化量等於補償信號V_COMP的變化量，也就是說，

，從而使輸出電壓V_OUT維持預期的輸出電壓且其漣波也能夠保持不變。During operation, if the input voltage V_IN changes from V_IN1 to V_IN2 , that is to say

, The present invention will accelerate the duty cycle D from D₁ to D₂ . Specifically, when the input voltage V_IN changes from V_IN1 to V_IN2 , the present invention will cause the compensation signal V_{COMP to} immediately produce a corresponding change, and the amount of change can be expressed as

, Where gm is the transconductance of thetransconductance amplifier 103a, and R_COMP is the resistance value of thethird resistor 104b. After that, the negative feedback mechanism of the entire circuit makes the change of the sum signal V_SUM equal to the change of the compensation signal V_COMP , that is,

, So that the output voltage V_OUT maintains the expected output voltage and its ripple can also remain unchanged.

請參照圖5，其為依本發明之技術方案實現之一直流-直流轉換器和一習知直流-直流轉換器的工作波形對照圖。如圖5所示，本發明之輸出電壓的漣波明顯小於該習知直流-直流轉換器之輸出電壓的漣波。Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a comparison diagram of operating waveforms of a DC-DC converter and a conventional DC-DC converter according to the technical scheme of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the output voltage ripple of the present invention is significantly smaller than the output voltage ripple of the conventional DC-DC converter.

依上述的說明，本發明可將上述的控制電路整合在一控制晶片中，且在可能的實施例中，該控制晶片可進一步將電能傳輸單元108中的功率電晶體整合進來。According to the above description, the present invention can integrate the above-mentioned control circuit into a control chip, and in a possible embodiment, the control chip can further integrate the power transistor in thepower transmission unit 108.

依上述的說明，本發明進一步提出一種攜帶型電子裝置。請參照圖6，其為本發明之攜帶型電子裝置之一實施例的方塊圖。如圖6所示，一攜帶型電子裝置200具有一直流-直流轉換器210及一資訊處理單元220，其中，直流-直流轉換器210係由前述之直流-直流轉換器實現以供電給資訊處理單元220，直流-直流轉換器210可將兩種不同準位的輸入電壓(V_IN1, V_IN2)轉成一輸出電壓V_OUT，且在輸入電壓的準位切換(由開關211控制)過程中，該輸出電壓V_OUT的漣波能夠維持在一預定的範圍內。所述兩種不同準位的輸入電壓可為兩個電池電壓或分別為一電池電壓及一交流-直流轉換器的直流輸出電壓。Based on the above description, the present invention further provides a portable electronic device. Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a block diagram of an embodiment of the portable electronic device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, a portableelectronic device 200 has a DC-DC converter 210 and aninformation processing unit 220. The DC-DC converter 210 is implemented by the aforementioned DC-DC converter to supply power to the information processing.Unit 220, DC-DC converter 210 can convert two different levels of input voltages (V_IN1 , V_IN2 ) into an output voltage V_OUT , and during the process of switching the level of the input voltage (controlled by switch 211) , The ripple of the output voltage V_OUT can be maintained within a predetermined range. The two different levels of input voltage may be two battery voltages or a battery voltage and a DC output voltage of an AC-DC converter respectively.

另外，攜帶型電子裝置200可為一攜帶型電腦或一手持智慧裝置。In addition, the portableelectronic device 200 can be a portable computer or a handheld smart device.

依上述的說明可知，本發明可提供以下的優點：According to the above description, the present invention can provide the following advantages:

1.本發明的直流-直流轉換器可藉由將輸入電壓的變化量納入脈衝寬度調變信號的決定因子中以加速調整脈衝調變信號的占空比，從而除了使輸出電壓維持預期的電壓外，輸出電壓的漣波也能夠保持不變。1. The DC-DC converter of the present invention can accelerate the adjustment of the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal by incorporating the variation of the input voltage into the determinant factor of the pulse width modulation signal, so as to keep the output voltage at the expected voltage In addition, the ripple of the output voltage can also remain unchanged.

2.本發明的攜帶型電子裝置可在兩種不同電壓的電壓源中任意擇一做為供電來源，且可藉由一可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器加速調整脈衝調變信號的占空比，以在電壓源切換時使輸出電壓維持預期的電壓及使輸出電壓的漣波保持不變，從而確保攜帶型電子裝置內之資訊處理單元能穩定操作。2. The portable electronic device of the present invention can choose one of two voltage sources with different voltages as the power supply source, and can accelerate the adjustment of the pulse modulation signal by a DC-DC converter that can accelerate the response to line voltage changes The duty cycle is to keep the output voltage at the expected voltage and the ripple of the output voltage when the voltage source is switched, so as to ensure the stable operation of the information processing unit in the portable electronic device.

本發明所揭示者，乃較佳實施例之一種，舉凡局部之變更或修飾而源於本發明之技術思想而為熟習該項技藝知人所易於推知者，俱不脫本發明之專利權範疇。The disclosure of the present invention is one of the preferred embodiments. Any partial changes or modifications that are derived from the technical ideas of the present invention and are easily inferred by those skilled in the art will not depart from the scope of the patent right of the present invention.

綜上所陳，本案無論目的、手段與功效，皆顯示其迥異於習知技術，且其首先發明合於實用，確實符合發明之專利要件，懇請　貴審查委員明察，並早日賜予專利俾嘉惠社會，是為至禱。To sum up, regardless of the purpose, means and effect of this case, it is shown that it is very different from the conventional technology, and its first invention is suitable for practicality, and it does meet the patent requirements of the invention. I implore the examiner to investigate and grant the patent as soon as possible. Society is for the best prayer.

11a:電阻11b:電阻12:誤差放大器13:斜坡補償單元14:電流感測單元15:加法單元16:比較器17:驅動單元18:電能傳輸單元19:輸出電容101:回授電路101a:第一電阻101b:第二電阻102:誤差放大器102a:積分放大器103:輸入電壓感測單元103a:轉導放大器104:第一加法單元104a:NMOS電晶體104b:第三電阻105:斜坡信號產生單元105a:斜坡補償單元105b:電流感測單元105c:第二加法單元105d:電流源105e:電容105f:開關105g:第四電阻105h:開關105i:電流源106:比較器107:驅動單元108:電能傳輸單元109:輸出電容200:攜帶型電子裝置210:直流-直流轉換器211:開關220:資訊處理單元11a:Resistance11b: Resistance12: Error amplifier13: Slope compensation unit14: Current sensing unit15: addition unit16: comparator17: drive unit18: Power transmission unit19: output capacitor101:feedback circuit101a:first resistor101b: second resistor102:Error amplifier102a: Integrating amplifier103: Inputvoltage sensing unit103a: Transconductance amplifier104: Thefirst addition unit104a:NMOS transistor104b: third resistor105: rampsignal generation unit105a:slope compensation unit105b:Current sensing unit105c:second addition unit105d:current source105e:Capacitance105f:switch105g:fourth resistor105h:switch105i: current source106: Comparator107: drive unit108: Power Transmission Unit109: output capacitor200: Portable electronic device210: DC-DC converter211: Switch220: Information Processing Unit

圖1繪示一習知DC-DC轉換器的電路圖。 圖2為本發明之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器之一實施例的電路圖。 圖3為圖2之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器之一細部實施例的電路圖。 圖4為圖2之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器之另一細部實施例的電路圖。 圖5為依本發明之技術方案實現之一直流-直流轉換器和一習知直流-直流轉換器的工作波形對照圖。 圖6為本發明之攜帶型電子裝置之一實施例的方塊圖。Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional DC-DC converter. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes according to the present invention. 3 is a circuit diagram of a detailed embodiment of the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes in FIG. 2. 4 is a circuit diagram of another detailed embodiment of the DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of operating waveforms of a DC-DC converter and a conventional DC-DC converter implemented according to the technical scheme of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the portable electronic device of the invention.

101:回授電路101: feedback circuit

102:誤差放大器102: Error amplifier

103:輸入電壓感測單元103: Input voltage sensing unit

104:第一加法單元104: The first addition unit

105:斜坡信號產生單元105: ramp signal generation unit

105a:斜坡補償單元105a: slope compensation unit

105b:電流感測單元105b: Current sensing unit

105c:第二加法單元105c: second addition unit

106:比較器106: Comparator

107:驅動單元107: drive unit

108:電能傳輸單元108: Power Transmission Unit

109:輸出電容109: output capacitor

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

一種可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，具有一控制電路以執行一直流-直流轉換操作，該直流-直流轉換操作係依一加總信號及一補償信號進行一電壓比較操作以產生一脈衝寬度調變信號，以將一輸入電壓轉成一輸出電壓，其中該加總信號係一斜坡補償信號與一電流感測電壓之和，該斜坡補償信號係一周期性的斜坡信號，且該電流感測電壓係一電能傳輸單元之一電感電流之感測值，該直流-直流轉換操作的特徵在於： 該補償信號係一誤差積分信號與一輸入電壓感測信號之和，其中，該誤差積分信號係通過對一回授電壓和一參考電壓之一差值進行一積分操作而產生，該回授電壓係依該輸出電壓之一比例產生，且該輸入電壓感測信號係依該輸入電壓之一比例產生。A DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes has a control circuit to perform a DC-DC conversion operation. The DC-DC conversion operation is based on a sum signal and a compensation signal to perform a voltage comparison operation to generate A pulse width modulation signal to convert an input voltage into an output voltage, wherein the sum signal is the sum of a slope compensation signal and a current sense voltage, the slope compensation signal is a periodic slope signal, and The current sensing voltage is a sensed value of an inductor current of a power transmission unit, and the DC-DC conversion operation is characterized by: The compensation signal is the sum of an error integration signal and an input voltage sensing signal, wherein the error integration signal is generated by performing an integration operation on the difference between a feedback voltage and a reference voltage, the feedback voltage It is generated according to a ratio of the output voltage, and the input voltage sensing signal is generated according to a ratio of the input voltage.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，其中該控制電路具有一輸入電壓感測單元以產生該輸入電壓感測信號，且該輸入電壓感測單元包含一轉導放大器。The DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control circuit has an input voltage sensing unit to generate the input voltage sensing signal, and the input voltage sensing unit Contains a transconductance amplifier.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，其中該控制電路具有一加法單元以依該誤差積分信號及該輸入電壓感測信號之和產生該補償信號，且該第一加法單元包含一NMOS電晶體及與該NMOS電晶體之源極疊接之一電阻。The DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes as described in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the control circuit has an addition unit to generate the compensation signal according to the sum of the error integration signal and the input voltage sensing signal And the first adding unit includes an NMOS transistor and a resistor overlapped with the source of the NMOS transistor.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，其中該控制電路具有一斜坡信號產生單元以產生該加總信號，該斜坡信號產生單元具有： 一斜坡補償單元，用以產生該斜坡補償信號； 一電流感測單元，用以產生該電流感測電壓；以及 一加法單元，用以依該斜坡補償信號與該電流感測電壓之和產生該加總信號。The DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes as described in the first item of the patent application, wherein the control circuit has a ramp signal generating unit to generate the sum signal, and the ramp signal generating unit has: A slope compensation unit for generating the slope compensation signal; A current sensing unit for generating the current sensing voltage; and An adding unit is used to generate the sum signal according to the sum of the slope compensation signal and the current sensing voltage.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，其中該控制電路具有一斜坡信號產生單元以產生該加總信號，該斜坡信號產生單元具有： 一電流源，其係由一直流電壓供電以輸出一定電流； 一電容，具有一上電極和一下電極，該上電極係與該電流源耦接且係用以提供該加總信號，該下電極係與該電能傳輸單元耦接以接收流出該電能傳輸單元的所述電感電流； 一開關，係與該電容並聯；以及 一電阻，耦接於該下電極與一參考地之間。The DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control circuit has a ramp signal generating unit to generate the sum signal, and the ramp signal generating unit has: A current source, which is powered by a DC voltage to output a certain current; A capacitor has an upper electrode and a lower electrode, the upper electrode is coupled to the current source and used to provide the summation signal, and the lower electrode is coupled to the power transmission unit to receive output from the power transmission unit The inductor current; A switch connected in parallel with the capacitor; and A resistor is coupled between the bottom electrode and a reference ground.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器，其中該控制電路具有一斜坡信號產生單元以產生該加總信號，該斜坡信號產生單元具有： 一電容，具有一上電極和一下電極； 一第一開關，耦接於該上電極與一直流電壓之間； 一第二開關，耦接於該下電極與該直流電壓之間； 一電阻，其一端係與該下電極耦接，另一端係與該電能傳輸單元耦接以產生流入該電能傳輸單元的所述電感電流且係用以提供該加總信號；以及 一電流源，其係耦接於該下電極與一參考地之間以提供流入該參考地之一定電流。The DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes as described in the first item of the patent application, wherein the control circuit has a ramp signal generating unit to generate the sum signal, and the ramp signal generating unit has: A capacitor with an upper electrode and a lower electrode; A first switch, coupled between the upper electrode and the DC voltage; A second switch, coupled between the lower electrode and the DC voltage; A resistor, one end of which is coupled to the lower electrode, and the other end of which is coupled to the power transmission unit to generate the inductive current flowing into the power transmission unit and to provide the sum signal; and A current source is coupled between the bottom electrode and a reference ground to provide a certain current flowing into the reference ground.一種控制晶片，其具有如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項所述之控制電路。A control chip having a control circuit as described in any one of items 1 to 6 of the scope of the patent application.一種攜帶型電子裝置，其具有如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項所述之可加速反應線電壓變化的直流-直流轉換器及一資訊處理單元，其中，所述之直流-直流轉換器係用以提供該輸出電壓以供電給該資訊處理單元。A portable electronic device having a DC-DC converter capable of accelerating response to line voltage changes as described in any one of items 1 to 6 of the scope of patent application and an information processing unit, wherein the DC-DC The converter is used to provide the output voltage to power the information processing unit.如申請專利範圍第7項所述之攜帶型電子裝置，其係一攜帶型電腦或一手持智慧裝置。For example, the portable electronic device described in item 7 of the scope of patent application is a portable computer or a handheld smart device.

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