本發明係有關一種牙科器械，特別是一種輔助植牙手術之牙齒定位模板之組件。The present invention relates to a dental appliance, and more particularly to an assembly of a dental positioning template for assisted dental implant surgery.
一般牙科醫師在進行植牙手術前，會根據患者牙齒製作牙齒模型，於牙齒模型上根據經驗決定植牙位置及植體植入角度、深度。然，每位患者之牙齒構造均不相同，牙齒生長方向亦略有差異，若只單憑個人經驗，而無較可靠之輔助工具，可能會造成植入位置偏差，而傷害周邊牙齒或神經。Before the dental implant surgery, the general dentist will make a tooth model based on the patient's teeth, and determine the position of the implant and the implant implant angle and depth based on experience on the tooth model. However, the dental structure of each patient is different, and the direction of tooth growth is slightly different. If only personal experience is used, and there is no reliable auxiliary tool, it may cause deviation of the implantation position and damage the surrounding teeth or nerves.
因此，植牙手術需藉由斷層掃瞄之輔助，以利瞭解患者之牙齒構造、齒槽骨深度等資訊，從而評估植體之選用及位置之考量。然，牙科醫師僅能憑藉斷層影像，於牙齒模型上推測影像之切面位置，而推斷適宜之植體、植入位置及植入角度，無法準確將斷層影像轉化至牙齒模型上，且無法具體結合預期裝設之假牙位置及假牙外型進行植體選擇。因此，仍有傷害周邊牙齒或神經之風險。Therefore, implant surgery needs to be assisted by tomography scan to understand the patient's tooth structure, alveolar bone depth and other information to assess the choice and location of the implant. However, the dentist can only use the tomographic image to estimate the position of the image on the tooth model, and infer the appropriate implant, implantation position and implantation angle, and can not accurately convert the tomographic image onto the tooth model, and can not be specifically combined. The position of the denture and the shape of the denture are expected to be implanted. Therefore, there is still a risk of harming the surrounding teeth or nerves.
請參閱第1圖所示，係為中華民國專利第I244915號專利之示意圖。其提出一種利用齒模製作植牙定位導引孔之方法，首先，塗覆矽膠於齒模a1內，並覆置於患者牙齒上製作導引座a2。再藉由取得患者牙齒之3D數位模型幾何數據而以電腦分析植牙所需鑽孔深度、位置及角度，據以鑽設導引孔a21並將套管a22置入導引孔a21中。據此，可藉由套管a22導引鑽針a3，於齒槽骨鑽出植牙孔洞。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of Patent No. I244915 of the Republic of China. The invention provides a method for manufacturing a dental implant positioning guiding hole by using a tooth mold. First, a silicone rubber is coated in the tooth mold a1 and placed on the patient's teeth to form a guiding seat a2. Then, by obtaining the 3D digital model geometric data of the patient's teeth, the depth, position and angle of the drilling required for the implant are analyzed by computer, and the guiding hole a21 is drilled and the sleeve a22 is placed into the guiding hole a21. Accordingly, the drill hole a3 can be guided by the sleeve a22 to drill the implant hole in the alveolar bone.
然，其植牙位置之分析係於電腦環境，牙科醫師難以將植牙位置轉化於實體牙齒模型，且轉化於導引座a2之植牙位置恐有偏差之虞。再者，3D影像分析軟體及導引座施工機台之成本門檻太高，難以施行。更重要的是，其無法同時結合預期裝設之假牙外型及牙床影像進行植牙評估，僅能倚靠牙床影像分析植牙位置及植牙角度，將可能造成植體與相鄰牙齒不一致。However, the analysis of the position of the implant is in the computer environment, and it is difficult for the dentist to convert the position of the implant into the solid tooth model, and the position of the implant transformed into the guide a2 may be biased. Moreover, the cost threshold of the 3D image analysis software and the guide construction machine is too high to be implemented. More importantly, it can not be combined with the expected denture profile and the image of the dental implant for dental implant evaluation. Only relying on the image of the dental canal to analyze the position of the implant and the angle of the implant can cause the implant to be inconsistent with the adjacent tooth.
有鑑於此，本發明提出一種用於牙齒定位模板之組件，用於牙齒定位模板，可輔助植牙手術。In view of this, the present invention proposes an assembly for a dental positioning template for a dental positioning template that can assist in dental implant surgery.
本發明提出一種用於牙齒定位模板之組件，包含：起始鑽，用以挖鑿植體槽；定位套筒，為中空套筒狀，用以引導起始鑽；定位輔助體，其中心具有定位孔，貫穿定位輔助體；及導引鑽，穿過定位孔，導引鑽包含刃部、柄部及自刃部頂端延伸之柱狀部，且柱狀部之頂端為平底狀，其中，刃部連接柄部，且柱狀部置入植體槽後，由刃部擴孔植體槽之上端。The invention provides an assembly for a tooth positioning template, comprising: a starting drill for excavating an implant groove; a positioning sleeve having a hollow sleeve shape for guiding the starting drill; and a positioning auxiliary body having a center a positioning hole extending through the positioning auxiliary body; and a guiding drill passing through the positioning hole, the guiding drill comprises a blade portion, a handle portion and a column portion extending from a top end of the blade portion, and the top end of the column portion is a flat bottom shape, wherein the edge The shank is connected to the shank, and after the columnar portion is placed in the implant groove, the upper end of the implant groove is reamed by the blade portion.
本發明另提出一種用於牙齒定位模板之組件，包含：擴孔鑽，用以擴孔植體槽；定位輔助體，其中心具有定位孔，貫穿定位輔助體；及擴孔套筒，為中空套筒狀，置入定位輔助體之定位孔中，用以引導擴孔鑽。The invention further provides an assembly for a tooth positioning template, comprising: a reaming drill for reaming the implant trough; a positioning auxiliary body having a positioning hole at the center thereof, extending through the positioning auxiliary body; and the reaming sleeve being hollow The sleeve is placed in the positioning hole of the positioning auxiliary body to guide the reaming drill.
本發明亦提出一種用於牙齒定位模板之組件，包含：定位帽，包含：管部；及平底部，覆蓋於管部之一端，平底部之中心具有鑽針導引孔，貫穿平底部；一擴孔鑽，包含刃部及柄部，柄部穿過鑽針導引孔，刃部擴孔植體槽；其中，柄部更包含柄頭部，其直徑較柄部之直徑寬，柄頭部與管部內壁嵌合；及定位輔助體，其中心具有定位孔，貫穿定位輔助體，以容置定位帽及擴孔鑽，定位帽與定位孔壁緊密接觸。The invention also provides an assembly for a tooth positioning template, comprising: a positioning cap comprising: a tube portion; and a flat bottom covering one end of the tube portion, the center of the flat bottom having a drill guiding hole running through the flat bottom; The reaming drill comprises a blade portion and a handle portion, the handle portion passes through the drill guide hole, and the blade portion expands the implant groove; wherein the handle portion further comprises a handle head, the diameter of which is wider than the diameter of the handle portion, and the crown The portion is fitted with the inner wall of the tube portion; and the positioning auxiliary body has a positioning hole at the center thereof, and penetrates the positioning auxiliary body to accommodate the positioning cap and the reaming drill, and the positioning cap is in close contact with the positioning hole wall.
較佳地，定位帽包含一螺孔，設置於定位帽之上端，以令一螺絲穿過螺孔而固定定位帽於擴孔鑽上，且螺絲凸出於定位帽外側。Preferably, the positioning cap includes a screw hole disposed at the upper end of the positioning cap to allow a screw to pass through the screw hole to fix the positioning cap on the reaming drill, and the screw protrudes from the outside of the positioning cap.
有關本發明之較佳實施例及其功效，茲配合圖式說明如後。The preferred embodiments of the present invention and their effects are described below in conjunction with the drawings.
a1‧‧‧齒模A1‧‧‧ tooth model
a2‧‧‧導引座A2‧‧‧ guide seat
a21‧‧‧導引孔A21‧‧‧ Guide hole
a22‧‧‧套管A22‧‧‧ casing
a3‧‧‧鑽針A3‧‧‧Drill
1‧‧‧齒模1‧‧‧ teeth model
11‧‧‧齒槽骨11‧‧‧ alveolar bone
12‧‧‧假牙模型12‧‧‧ denture model
13‧‧‧預期植入處13‧‧‧ Expected Implants
14‧‧‧植體14‧‧‧ implants
15‧‧‧植體槽15‧‧‧plant trough
16‧‧‧牙冠部16‧‧‧ crown section
17‧‧‧牙床部17‧‧‧The bed unit
2‧‧‧定位輔助體2‧‧‧ Positioning assistant
21‧‧‧定位孔21‧‧‧Positioning holes
22‧‧‧凹槽22‧‧‧ Groove
3‧‧‧定位套筒3‧‧‧ positioning sleeve
31‧‧‧凸緣部31‧‧‧Flange
311‧‧‧孔洞311‧‧‧ hole
32‧‧‧突出部32‧‧‧Protruding
4‧‧‧擴孔套筒4‧‧‧Reaming sleeve
41‧‧‧凸緣部41‧‧‧Flange
411‧‧‧孔洞411‧‧‧ hole
42‧‧‧突出部42‧‧‧Protruding
43‧‧‧孔徑43‧‧‧ aperture
5‧‧‧定位帽5‧‧‧ positioning cap
51‧‧‧管部51‧‧‧ Department of Management
52‧‧‧平底部52‧‧‧ flat bottom
53‧‧‧凸緣部53‧‧‧Flange
531‧‧‧孔洞531‧‧‧ hole
54‧‧‧鑽針導引孔54‧‧‧Drill guide hole
55‧‧‧突出部55‧‧‧Protruding
56‧‧‧凹孔56‧‧‧ recessed hole
57‧‧‧螺孔57‧‧‧ screw holes
58‧‧‧螺絲58‧‧‧ screws
6‧‧‧定位模板6‧‧‧ Positioning template
61‧‧‧標示物61‧‧‧Marks
62‧‧‧塑形劑62‧‧‧Shaping agent
7‧‧‧起始鑽7‧‧‧Start drill
8‧‧‧擴孔鑽8‧‧‧Reaming drill
81‧‧‧刃部81‧‧‧blade
82‧‧‧柄部82‧‧‧ handle
821‧‧‧柄頭部821‧‧‧ head
822‧‧‧螺孔822‧‧‧ screw hole
84‧‧‧定位元件84‧‧‧ Positioning components
85‧‧‧彈性環85‧‧‧elastic ring
9‧‧‧導引鑽9‧‧‧Guide drill
91‧‧‧刃部91‧‧‧blade
92‧‧‧柄部92‧‧‧ handle
921‧‧‧柄頭部921‧‧‧ head
93‧‧‧柱狀部93‧‧‧ Column
第1圖為習知技術之牙齒定位模板示意圖。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a dental positioning template of the prior art.
第2圖為本發明第一實施例流程圖。Figure 2 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖為本發明第一實施例模型圖。Figure 3 is a model diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖為本發明第一實施例之預定植入處示意圖。Figure 4 is a schematic view of a predetermined implantation site of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖為本發明第一實施例之預定切片面示意圖。Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a predetermined section of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第6圖為本發明第一實施例之預定切片面剖面圖。Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a predetermined sliced surface of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第7圖為本發明第一實施例之植體選定示意圖。Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the selection of the implant according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第8A圖為本發明第一實施例之植體槽示意圖。Fig. 8A is a schematic view of the implant trough according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第8B圖為本發明第一實施例之起始鑽示意圖。Figure 8B is a schematic view of the starting drill of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第9圖為本發明第一實施例定位套筒另一示意圖。Figure 9 is another schematic view of the positioning sleeve of the first embodiment of the present invention.
第10A圖為本發明第二實施例之植體槽示意圖。10A is a schematic view of a planting trough according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
第10B圖為本發明第二實施例之起始鑽示意圖。Figure 10B is a schematic view of the starting drill of the second embodiment of the present invention.
第11A圖為本發明第二實施例之擴孔示意圖。11A is a schematic view of a reaming according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
第11B圖為本發明第二實施例之擴孔鑽示意圖。11B is a schematic view of a reamer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
第12圖為本發明第二、三實施例之導引鑽示意圖。Figure 12 is a schematic view of a guide drill of the second and third embodiments of the present invention.
第13A圖為本發明第三實施例之擴孔示意圖。Fig. 13A is a schematic view showing the reaming of the third embodiment of the present invention.
第13B圖為本發明第三實施例之擴孔鑽示意圖。Figure 13B is a schematic view of a reamer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
第14A圖為本發明第四實施例之另一擴孔示意圖。Fig. 14A is a schematic view showing another reaming of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
第14B圖為本發明第四實施例之另一擴孔鑽示意圖。Figure 14B is a schematic view of another reamer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
第15A、B圖為本發明第四實施例定位帽之另一態樣示意圖。15A and B are schematic views showing another aspect of the positioning cap according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
第16圖為本發明第五實施例流程圖。Figure 16 is a flow chart of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
第17圖為本發明第五實施例之預定切片面剖面圖。Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a predetermined sliced surface of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
以下舉出具體實施例以詳細說明本發明之內容，並以圖式作為輔助說明。說明中提及之符號係參閱圖式符號。The specific embodiments are described below in order to explain the details of the present invention in detail, The symbols mentioned in the description refer to the schema symbols.
請參閱第2圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例流程圖。本發明提出之牙齒定位模板及其製造方法用以輔助定位植體，以利於在植體上裝設假牙，其製造方法包含下列步驟：步驟S110：根據口腔牙齒製作齒模，於齒模上選定植體之預定植入處，據以設置與假牙等比例之假牙模型於齒模上。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the present invention. The tooth positioning template and the manufacturing method thereof are provided for assisting positioning of the implant to facilitate mounting the denture on the implant, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: Step S110: making a tooth mold according to the oral tooth, and selecting the tooth mold At the predetermined implantation site of the implant, a denture model in proportion to the denture is placed on the tooth mold.
於此，請參閱第3圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例模型圖。依據患者之口腔牙齒翻模製成齒模1，並製作與預期裝設之假牙等比例之假牙模型12，而設置假牙模型12於齒模1上。假牙模型12之中心即為植體之預期植入處13。Here, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a model diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. The dental mold 1 is formed by overturning the dental teeth of the patient, and a denture model 12 is prepared in proportion to the intended installation of the dentures, and the denture model 12 is placed on the dental mold 1. The center of the denture model 12 is the intended implant 13 of the implant.
請參閱第4圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例之預定植入處示意圖。於齒模1上選定植體之預定植入處之步驟包含步驟S111及步驟S112。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic view of a predetermined implantation site according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The step of selecting a predetermined implant of the implant on the tooth mold 1 includes steps S111 and S112.
步驟S111：提供定位輔助體2於齒模1上，其中，定位輔助體2覆蓋齒模1之面積與假牙相符，定位輔助體2之中心具有定位孔21，並貫穿定位輔助體2。Step S111: Providing the positioning auxiliary body 2 on the tooth mold 1, wherein the area of the positioning auxiliary body 2 covering the tooth mold 1 conforms to the denture, and the center of the positioning auxiliary body 2 has the positioning hole 21 and penetrates the positioning auxiliary body 2.
於此，定位輔助體2用以預估假牙裝設位置及所佔空間，其外形較佳可為正方立柱體，然本發明並非以此為限。The positioning auxiliary body 2 is used for estimating the position of the denture and the space occupied by the positioning auxiliary body 2, and the shape thereof is preferably a square column, but the invention is not limited thereto.
步驟S112：嵌入定位套筒3於定位輔助體2之定位孔21中，於定位套筒3之中心取得預定植入處21。Step S112: Embedding the positioning sleeve 3 into the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2, and obtaining a predetermined implantation site 21 at the center of the positioning sleeve 3.
於此，定位輔助體2之定位孔21直徑可與植體直徑相同，定位孔21之外緣與定位輔助體2外緣間最小距離為1.5mm，係為通常假牙包覆於植體外之厚度，定位輔助體2之高度可為3mm，係為通常植牙後植體外露出牙床之長度。然，此步驟選擇之植體直徑並非據此而定，於後續步驟仍可進行調整。藉此，特別是當患者有裝設連續的假牙需求時，排列複數個定位輔助體2以估計假牙裝設位置，尤其直覺且方便。Here, the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2 can have the same diameter as the implant body, and the minimum distance between the outer edge of the positioning hole 21 and the outer edge of the positioning auxiliary body 2 is 1.5 mm, which is the thickness of the normal denture wrapped outside the plant body. The height of the positioning aid 2 can be 3 mm, which is the length of the dental bed exposed to the body after the usual implant. However, the diameter of the implant selected in this step is not based on this and can be adjusted in subsequent steps. Thereby, especially when the patient has a need to install a continuous denture, a plurality of positioning aids 2 are arranged to estimate the position of the denture, which is especially intuitive and convenient.
步驟S120：選定通過預定植入處21之預定切片面，並沿該預定切片面切割齒模1及假牙模型12。Step S120: Selecting a predetermined slice surface passing through the predetermined implant portion 21, and cutting the tooth mold 1 and the denture model 12 along the predetermined slice surface.
於此，請參閱第5圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例之預定切片面示意圖。沿A-A連線之剖面即為預定切片面，其通常通過預定植入處，且平行鄰牙牙冠部至牙根部之縱軸，並為牙床之頰側至舌側最短距離d之切面。Here, please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic view of a predetermined slice plane according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The section along the A-A line is the predetermined sliced surface, which typically passes through the predetermined implant and is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crown of the tooth to the root of the tooth and is the cut surface of the shortest distance d from the buccal side to the lingual side of the gum.
步驟S130：於預定切片面上分別固定二標示物61於齒模1及假牙模型12之兩側，其中標示物61不被X光穿透。Step S130: Fix two markers 61 on both sides of the tooth mold 1 and the denture model 12 on the predetermined slice surface, wherein the marker 61 is not penetrated by X-rays.
於此，請參閱第6圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例之預定切片面剖面圖。標示物61較佳可為開口相對之ㄇ字形金屬物質，其一端相連於假牙模型12，另一端相連於齒模1，然標示物61之形狀並非以此限定。據此可標示預定切片面，斷層影像中同時包含二標示物61時，方為預定切片面之斷層影像。Here, referring to Fig. 6, there is shown a sectional view of a predetermined sliced surface of the first embodiment of the present invention. The marker 61 preferably has a U-shaped metal material with an opening opposite thereto, one end of which is connected to the denture model 12 and the other end of which is connected to the tooth mold 1, but the shape of the marker 61 is not limited thereto. According to this, the predetermined sliced surface can be marked, and when the two images are included in the tomographic image, the tomographic image of the predetermined sliced surface is obtained.
然，前述二標示物61亦可由一標示體取代，使其位於預定切片面上任一處。且標示體經預定切片面之剖面具有可識別之輪廓，例如幾何圖形之輪廓。舉例而言，可以金屬線圍成三角形而構成標示體，並沿三角形構成之平面置放標示體於預定切片面。因此，當斷層影像具有對應標示體之三角形影像，即可判定切片影像為所欲取得的預定切片面的影像。However, the aforementioned two markers 61 may also be replaced by a marker so that it is located at any position on the predetermined slice surface. And the profile of the marker through the predetermined slice surface has an identifiable contour, such as a contour of a geometric figure. For example, the metal wire may be surrounded by a triangle to form a marker, and the marker body may be placed on a predetermined slice surface along a plane formed by the triangle. Therefore, when the tomographic image has a triangular image corresponding to the marker, the slice image can be determined as the image of the predetermined slice surface to be obtained.
步驟S140：以塑形劑62覆蓋標示物61、假牙模型12及其周圍之部分齒模1，而形成定位模板6，其中塑形劑62包含樹脂聚合物及顯影劑。Step S140: the marker 61, the denture model 12 and a part of the tooth mold 1 around it are covered with a molding agent 62 to form a positioning template 6, wherein the molding agent 62 comprises a resin polymer and a developer.
於此，顯影劑可為硫酸鋇。由於樹脂聚合物及牙齦組織均能被X光穿透，而未能顯示於斷層影像，因此需藉由參雜部分顯影劑於定位模板6中，以識別定位模板6與牙齦組織之邊界。Here, the developer may be barium sulfate. Since both the resin polymer and the gingival tissue can be penetrated by X-rays and cannot be displayed on the tomographic image, it is necessary to identify the boundary between the positioning template 6 and the gingival tissue by mixing a portion of the developer in the positioning template 6.
步驟S150：置放定位模板6於口腔牙齒上進行斷層攝影，取得預定切片面之切片影像。Step S150: placing the positioning template 6 to perform tomography on the oral teeth, and obtaining a slice image of the predetermined sliced surface.
於此，患者將步驟S140所製之定位模板6放置於對應之口腔牙齒上，進行斷層攝影，並藉由步驟S130設置之二標示物61可準確取得預定切片面之切片影像。Here, the patient places the positioning template 6 made in step S140 on the corresponding oral tooth, performs tomography, and accurately obtains the slice image of the predetermined slice surface by the two markers 61 set in step S130.
甚者，若檢視斷層攝影結果，發現有較預定切片面為佳之切片影像時，可再切割對應較佳切片影像之切面，進而取代原預定切片面。Moreover, if the tomographic result is examined and it is found that there is a slice image which is better than the predetermined sliced surface, the cut surface corresponding to the preferred slice image can be further cut, thereby replacing the original sliced slice.
步驟S160：等比例貼合切片影像至齒模1之切割面上。於此，沿定位模板6與牙齦影像之邊緣將切片影像剪下，貼合至齒模1之切割面上，可得具切片影像之牙齒模型。Step S160: Properly fitting the slice image to the cutting surface of the tooth mold 1. Here, the slice image is cut along the edge of the positioning template 6 and the gingival image, and is attached to the cutting surface of the tooth mold 1, so that a tooth model with a slice image can be obtained.
於此步驟，可供牙科醫師正確檢視病患之牙床剖面，並較單純由電腦觀看斷層影像更具真實感，可更確實的評估病患狀況而決定植牙手術如何進行。In this step, the dentist can correctly examine the patient's profile of the gum, and it is more realistic than simply viewing the tomographic image from a computer. It is more reliable to evaluate the condition of the patient and determine how the dental implant is performed.
步驟S170：依據貼合於齒模1之切片影像及假牙模型12之輪廓，選定植體14之直徑、長度、植入深度及植入角度。Step S170: The diameter, length, implantation depth and implantation angle of the implant 14 are selected according to the slice image attached to the tooth mold 1 and the contour of the denture model 12.
於此，請參閱第7圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例之植體選定示意圖。牙科醫師可依據切片影像所示之齒槽骨11範圍，並利用定位模板6內側提供假牙模型12之外型輪廓，預估植體14與待裝設假牙之相對位置，進而選擇適當之植體14直徑及長度，並可決定植入角度及深度。Here, please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the selection of the implant according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The dentist can estimate the relative position of the implant 14 to the denture to be mounted according to the range of the alveolar bone 11 shown in the slice image and the profile of the denture model 12 provided by the inside of the positioning template 6.Set, and then select the appropriate implant 14 diameter and length, and can determine the implantation angle and depth.
於此步驟前，亦可另行製作假牙模型12之假牙外膜，用以取代此步驟之定位模板6，並可依預定切片面切割假牙外膜。於是，藉由本步驟可同時考量牙床之斷層影像及欲裝設之假牙外型，決定植體14之直徑、長度、植入深度及植入角度，使得植牙的考量更為周全且準確。Before this step, the denture outer membrane of the denture model 12 can be separately prepared to replace the positioning template 6 of this step, and the denture outer membrane can be cut according to the predetermined slice surface. Therefore, this step can simultaneously consider the tomographic image of the gum and the shape of the denture to be installed, and determine the diameter, length, implantation depth and implantation angle of the implant 14, so that the consideration of the implant is more comprehensive and accurate.
步驟S180：裝設與植體14對應位置之定位套筒3至定位模板6中，用以引導起始鑽7通過定位套筒3而挖鑿等同植入深度之植體槽15。Step S180: The positioning sleeve 3 corresponding to the position of the implant 14 is mounted in the positioning template 6 for guiding the starting drill 7 to dig the implant groove 15 of the same implantation depth through the positioning sleeve 3.
於此，請參閱第8A圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例之植體槽示意圖。定位套筒3為中空套筒狀，裝設於定位模板6中，使起始鑽7可通過定位套筒3而沿預定植入位置、角度及深度挖鑿植體槽15。請參閱第8B圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例之起始鑽示意圖。透過定位套筒3，可使起始鑽7往下於某一深度時不再往下，而可避免起始鑽7挖鑿超出預期之深度。於此，定位套筒3之側表面為非平滑面，可設有凹槽或凹點(未示於圖中)，使定位模板6可緊密包覆定位套筒3，避免因鑽設時產生之力道而脫離定位模板6。於此，定位模板6上端較佳地可與定位套筒3上端大致齊平，以避免阻擋牙科醫師視線。Here, please refer to FIG. 8A, which is a schematic view of the implant trough according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The positioning sleeve 3 is in the form of a hollow sleeve and is mounted in the positioning template 6 so that the starting drill 7 can excavate the implant groove 15 along the predetermined implantation position, angle and depth through the positioning sleeve 3. Please refer to FIG. 8B, which is a schematic diagram of the starting drill of the first embodiment of the present invention. Through the positioning sleeve 3, the starting drill 7 can be made to go down to a certain depth without going down, and the starting drill 7 can be prevented from being dug beyond the expected depth. Here, the side surface of the positioning sleeve 3 is a non-smooth surface, and may be provided with a groove or a concave point (not shown), so that the positioning template 6 can tightly cover the positioning sleeve 3 to avoid generation due to drilling. The force is removed from the positioning template 6. Here, the upper end of the positioning template 6 is preferably substantially flush with the upper end of the positioning sleeve 3 to avoid blocking the line of sight of the dentist.
據此，牙科醫師可於植牙手術前，將由步驟S110至S180製成之定位模板6置放於患者對應之牙齒上，用以挖鑿符合預期之位置、角度及深度之植體槽15，而供裝設植體14及假牙。且透過定位套筒3，可防止起始鑽7挖鑿至符合預期深度後再繼續往下，可避免傷及患者神經或相鄰牙齒。According to this, the dentist can place the positioning template 6 made by the steps S110 to S180 on the teeth corresponding to the patient before the dental implant operation, and use the implant groove 15 to meet the expected position, angle and depth. And for the installation of implants 14 and dentures. And through the positioning sleeve 3, the starting drill 7 can be prevented from being dug until the desired depth is continued, and the patient's nerve or adjacent teeth can be prevented from being injured.
請參閱第9圖所示，係為本發明第一實施例定位套筒另一示意圖。由於定位套筒3需承受起始鑽7往下之外力，為避免定位套筒3因外力而與定位模板6脫離，定位套筒3延伸凸緣部31，提供向上之支撐力。凸緣部31實質可為二對稱之延伸翼，其較定位套筒3本體相對大之面積及其末端具有孔洞311，並且，凸緣部31與定位模板6上端可為維持一間距，以利牙科醫師於鑽鑿值體槽15後夾取定位套筒3。Please refer to FIG. 9, which is another schematic view of the positioning sleeve of the first embodiment of the present invention. Since the positioning sleeve 3 is required to withstand the external force of the starting drill 7, the positioning sleeve 3 is avoided.The external force is disengaged from the positioning template 6, and the positioning sleeve 3 extends the flange portion 31 to provide an upward supporting force. The flange portion 31 can be substantially a two-symmetric extension wing, which has a relatively large area and a hole 311 at the end of the body of the positioning sleeve 3, and the flange portion 31 and the upper end of the positioning template 6 can maintain a spacing to facilitate The dentist picks up the positioning sleeve 3 after drilling the value body slot 15.
此外，定位套筒3之外側表面設有突出部32，以避免定位套筒3隨起始鑽7旋轉。或者，亦可改變定位套筒3外側形狀為多角柱體，且定位輔助體2之定位孔21形狀與定位套筒3外側形狀對應，以防止定位套筒3旋轉。於此，突出部32可為凸點形式。Further, the outer side surface of the positioning sleeve 3 is provided with a projection 32 to prevent the positioning sleeve 3 from rotating with the starting drill 7. Alternatively, the outer shape of the positioning sleeve 3 may be changed to a polygonal cylinder, and the shape of the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2 corresponds to the outer shape of the positioning sleeve 3 to prevent the positioning sleeve 3 from rotating. Here, the protrusion 32 may be in the form of a bump.
據此，透過起始鑽7挖鑿植體槽15後，牙科醫師可進一步對植體槽15進行擴孔，使植體槽15寬度符合植體之直徑，以利植體裝設。Accordingly, after excavating the implant trough 15 through the initial drill 7, the dentist can further ream the implant trough 15 so that the width of the implant trough 15 conforms to the diameter of the implant to facilitate the implant installation.
請參閱第10A圖及第10B圖所示，係分別為本發明第二實施例之植體槽及起始鑽示意圖。如前述第一實施例之步驟，本實施例於步驟S180中，更包含下列步驟：步驟S280：裝設定位套筒3及定位輔助體2至定位模板6中，並使定位套筒3置於定位輔助體2之定位孔21。Please refer to FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B , which are schematic diagrams of the implant trough and the starting drill respectively according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the step S180, the embodiment further includes the following steps:Step S280: loading the set position sleeve 3 and the positioning auxiliary body 2 into the positioning template 6, and placing the positioning sleeve 3 in the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2.
於此，定位套筒3用以引導起始鑽7挖鑿植體槽15。定位套筒3可為如第9圖所示之結構，具有凸緣部31及突出部32，或其外側形狀可為多角柱體。定位套筒3套入定位輔助體2之定位孔中，且凸緣部31抵住定位輔助體2之上端。起始鑽7向下鑽鑿至一深度時，其柄部抵住定位套筒3而停止向下。藉由調整定位輔助體2與定位套筒3之高低，可鑽鑿符合預期深度之植體槽15。定位輔助體2之內壁亦具有對應突出部32之凹槽22，以與定位套筒3嵌合，而可避免定位套筒3旋轉。且，凹槽22之末端向旁延伸，使定位套筒3置入定位輔助體2後旋轉而卡住突出部32，有助於對上排牙齒進行植牙時避免定位套筒3滑出。Here, the positioning sleeve 3 is used to guide the starting drill 7 to excavate the implant groove 15. The positioning sleeve 3 may have a structure as shown in Fig. 9, and has a flange portion 31 and a protruding portion 32, or the outer shape thereof may be a polygonal cylinder. The positioning sleeve 3 is nested in the positioning hole of the positioning auxiliary body 2, and the flange portion 31 abuts against the upper end of the positioning auxiliary body 2. When the starting drill 7 is drilled down to a depth, its shank against the positioning sleeve 3 stops downward. By adjusting the height of the positioning aid 2 and the positioning sleeve 3, the implant groove 15 conforming to the desired depth can be drilled. The inner wall of the positioning auxiliary body 2 also has a recess 22 corresponding to the protruding portion 32 for fitting with the positioning sleeve 3, and the rotation of the positioning sleeve 3 can be avoided. Moreover, the end of the groove 22 extends sideways, so that the positioning sleeve 3 is placed in the positioning auxiliary body 2 and then rotated to catch the protruding portion 32, which helps to prevent the positioning sleeve 3 from slipping out when the upper teeth are implanted.
此外，定位輔助體2之外側亦可具有如定位套筒3之凸緣部31結構(未示於圖中)，或於其側表面設置凹槽(未示於圖中)，以避免因鑽設時產生之力道使定位輔助體2脫離定位模板6。In addition, the outer side of the positioning auxiliary body 2 may have a structure such as the flange portion 31 of the positioning sleeve 3 (not shown in the drawing), or a groove (not shown) may be provided on the side surface thereof to avoid drilling. The force generated in time sets the positioning aid 2 out of the positioning template 6.
於此，可透過具有刻度及螺孔之長桿模擬起始鑽7挖鑿植體槽15之深度、角度及位置。藉由突出部32及凹槽22可固定定位套筒3於定位輔助體2之定位孔21中。並以黏膠暫時性固定定位套筒3於長桿上。據此可固定定位輔助體2及定位套筒3相對於植體槽15之高度。續而，裝設定位輔助體2及定位套筒3於定位模板6中，再將長桿取出。實質上，可將定位模板6挖洞，將具孔洞之定位模板6套入長桿後，以塑形劑62填補孔洞。Here, the depth, angle and position of the implant groove 15 can be simulated by the long rod with the scale and the screw hole. The positioning sleeve 3 can be fixed in the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2 by the protruding portion 32 and the recess 22. The positioning sleeve 3 is temporarily fixed on the long rod with an adhesive. Accordingly, the height of the positioning aid 2 and the positioning sleeve 3 relative to the implant groove 15 can be fixed. Continuing, the set-up auxiliary body 2 and the positioning sleeve 3 are mounted in the positioning template 6, and the long rod is taken out. In essence, the positioning template 6 can be burrowed, and the positioning template 6 with holes is placed in the long rod, and the hole is filled with the molding agent 62.
請參閱第11A圖及第11B圖所示，係為本發明第二實施例之擴孔及擴孔鑽示意圖。於步驟S280後，更包含：步驟S281：移除定位套筒3，用以供擴孔鑽8穿過定位輔助體2之定位孔21，其中，擴孔鑽8包含刃部81及柄部82，刃部81擴孔植體槽15。Please refer to FIGS. 11A and 11B for a schematic view of a reaming and reaming drill according to a second embodiment of the present invention. After step S280, the method further includes: step S281: removing the positioning sleeve 3 for the reaming drill 8 to pass through the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2, wherein the reaming drill 8 includes the blade portion 81 and the handle portion 82. The blade portion 81 reams the implant groove 15.
於此，擴孔鑽8穿過定位孔21而可精準擴孔由起始鑽7挖鑿之植體槽15。且可循序加大刃部81之直徑而使用不同之擴孔鑽8，依序將植體槽15擴大。Here, the reamer 8 passes through the positioning hole 21 to accurately ream the implant groove 15 excavated by the starting drill 7. Further, the diameter of the blade portion 81 can be sequentially increased to use different reamer 8 to sequentially enlarge the implant groove 15.
請參閱第12圖所示，係為本發明第二實施例之導引鑽示意圖。於使用擴孔鑽8之前，更可使用導引鑽9擴孔植體槽15之上端。導引鑽9與擴孔鑽8具有相同之刃部91及柄部92，並具有自刃部91頂端延伸之柱狀部93，且柱狀部93之頂端為平底狀。藉此，柱狀部93預先置入步驟S180挖鑿之植體槽15後，由刃部91向下擴孔植體槽15之上端。Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a schematic view of a guide drill according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Prior to the use of the reamer 8, the pilot drill 9 can be used to ream the upper end of the implant trough 15. The pilot drill 9 and the reamer 8 have the same blade portion 91 and the shank portion 92, and have a columnar portion 93 extending from the tip end of the blade portion 91, and the tip end of the columnar portion 93 has a flat bottom shape. Thereby, the columnar portion 93 is placed in advance in the implant groove 15 excavated in step S180, and then the upper end of the implant groove 15 is retracted downward by the blade portion 91.
於是，再使用擴孔鑽8根據導引鑽9擴孔的部分繼續向下進行擴孔，可更穩定及更準確的擴孔植體槽15。Then, using the reamer 8 to continue downward according to the portion of the pilot drill 9 reamingReaming allows for a more stable and accurate reaming of the implant channel 15.
請參閱第13A圖及第13B圖所示，係為本發明第三實施例之擴孔及擴孔鑽示意圖。由前述第二實施例之方法於取得植體槽15後，亦可利用本實施例之定位輔助體2配合擴孔套筒4對植體槽15進行擴孔。於步驟S280後，更包含：S381：移除定位套筒3。於此，移除定位套筒3後，使得定位模板6中留有定位輔助體2。Please refer to FIGS. 13A and 13B for a schematic view of a reaming and reaming drill according to a third embodiment of the present invention. After the implant groove 15 is obtained by the method of the second embodiment, the positioning aid 2 of the embodiment can be used to ream the implant groove 15 with the reaming sleeve 4. After step S280, further comprising: S381: removing the positioning sleeve 3. Here, after the positioning sleeve 3 is removed, the positioning aid 2 is left in the positioning template 6.
S382：置入擴孔套筒4至定位輔助體2之定位孔21，用以導引擴孔鑽8，擴孔鑽8包含刃部81及柄部82，由刃部81擴孔植體槽15，其中，配合不同刃部81直徑之擴孔鑽8更換不同孔徑43之擴孔套筒4。S382: The positioning hole 21 is inserted into the reaming sleeve 4 to the positioning auxiliary body 2 for guiding the reaming drill 8. The reaming drill 8 includes a blade portion 81 and a shank portion 82, and the blade portion 81 reams the implant groove 15. The reaming sleeve 4 of the different apertures 43 is replaced by a reamer 8 having a diameter of the different blade portions 81.
於此，擴孔套筒4實質上構造與定位套筒3大致相同，亦具有凸緣部41、凸緣部41上之孔洞411及突出部42，其差異僅在於孔徑43大小。因擴孔套筒4需能讓擴孔鑽8穿過，因此，孔徑43應符合擴孔鑽8之刃部81直徑。且對應不同刃部81直徑之擴孔鑽8，亦可提供不同孔徑43之擴孔套筒4。Here, the reaming sleeve 4 has substantially the same structure as the positioning sleeve 3, and also has a flange portion 41, a hole 411 in the flange portion 41, and a projection portion 42 which differ only in the size of the aperture 43. Since the reaming sleeve 4 needs to allow the reaming drill 8 to pass through, the aperture 43 should conform to the diameter of the blade portion 81 of the reaming drill 8. And the reaming drill 8 corresponding to the diameter of the different blade portions 81 can also provide the reaming sleeve 4 of different apertures 43.
以擴孔套筒4輔助擴孔之優點在於，可置換不同孔徑43之擴孔套筒4，以符合由小至大依序擴孔之需求。然，若如本發明第二實施例之步驟S281，則需將位於定位模板6之定位輔助體2取出，再置換不同定位孔21直徑之定位輔助體2。The advantage of reaming with the reaming sleeve 4 is that the reaming sleeves 4 of different apertures 43 can be replaced to meet the need for reaming from small to large. However, if the step S281 is used in the second embodiment of the present invention, the positioning auxiliary body 2 located in the positioning template 6 is taken out, and the positioning auxiliary body 2 having the diameter of the different positioning holes 21 is replaced.
請參閱第14A圖及第14B圖所示，係為本發明第四實施例之擴孔及擴孔鑽示意圖。由前述第二實施例之方法於取得植體槽15後，可利用本實施例之定位輔助體2配合定位帽5對植體槽15進行擴孔。於步驟S280後，更包含：S481：移除定位套筒3。於此，移除定位套筒3後，使得定位模板6中留有定位輔助體2。Please refer to FIGS. 14A and 14B for a schematic view of a reaming and reaming drill according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. After the planting groove 15 is obtained by the method of the second embodiment, the positioning aid 5 of the embodiment can be used to ream the implanting groove 15 with the positioning cap 5. After step S280, it further includes:S481: The positioning sleeve 3 is removed. Here, after removing the positioning sleeve 3,The positioning aid 2 is left in the position template 6.
S482：提供定位帽5，使定位帽5滑套入位於定位輔助體2之定位孔21，用以導引擴孔鑽8而擴孔植體槽15。S482: The positioning cap 5 is provided to slide the positioning cap 5 into the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2 for guiding the reaming drill 8 and reaming the implant groove 15.
於此，定位帽5包含管部51及平底部52，平底部52覆蓋於管部51之一端，並向外延伸而成凸緣部53。凸緣部53實質可為二對稱之延伸翼，其末端具有孔洞531，可利於牙科醫師夾取。平底部52之中心具有鑽針導引孔54，貫穿平底部52。管部51用以容置擴孔鑽8。Here, the positioning cap 5 includes a tube portion 51 and a flat bottom portion 52. The flat bottom portion 52 covers one end of the tube portion 51 and extends outward to form a flange portion 53. The flange portion 53 can be substantially two symmetrical extension wings having a hole 531 at the end for facilitating the gripping by the dentist. The center of the flat bottom 52 has a drill guide hole 54 extending through the flat bottom 52. The tube portion 51 is for accommodating the reamer 8.
擴孔鑽8包含刃部81及柄部82，柄部82穿過鑽針導引孔54，由刃部81擴孔植體槽15。擴孔鑽8之柄部82設置複數個定位元件84，凸出於柄部82表面。並且，定位帽5之平底部52具有對應定位元件84之複數個凹孔56，以利擴孔鑽8穿過定位帽5。續而套入彈性環85於擴孔鑽8表面，並固定於定位元件84下方。當擴孔鑽8往下鑽鑿，而令彈性環85碰觸到定位帽5時，停止擴孔，避免挖鑿超出預期深度之植體槽15。實質上，彈性環85可為橡圈，且可視需求增加彈性環85數量或選擇不同寬度之彈性環85，而彈性調整預期之鑽鑿深度。於此，定位元件84可阻止彈性環85往上移動。The reamer 8 includes a blade portion 81 and a shank portion 82. The shank portion 82 passes through the drill guide hole 54 and the implant portion groove 15 is reamed by the blade portion 81. The shank portion 82 of the reamer 8 is provided with a plurality of locating elements 84 projecting from the surface of the shank 82. Moreover, the flat bottom 52 of the positioning cap 5 has a plurality of recesses 56 corresponding to the positioning elements 84 to facilitate the reaming drill 8 to pass through the positioning cap 5. The elastic ring 85 is inserted into the surface of the reamer 8 and fixed under the positioning member 84. When the reaming drill 8 is drilled down and the elastic ring 85 is touched to the positioning cap 5, the reaming is stopped to avoid excavation of the implant trough 15 beyond the expected depth. In essence, the elastic ring 85 can be an rubber ring, and the number of elastic rings 85 can be increased or the elastic rings 85 of different widths can be selected as needed, and the desired drilling depth can be adjusted elastically. Here, the positioning element 84 can prevent the elastic ring 85 from moving upward.
定位帽5之鑽針導引孔54與擴孔鑽8之柄部82直徑相符。柄部82更包含柄頭部821，其直徑較柄部82之直徑寬，係與管部51內壁嵌合，可穩定擴孔鑽8之鑽設方向。更重要的是，定位帽5可適用各種刃部81直徑之擴孔鑽8，因擴孔鑽8之刃部81直徑雖不相同，然其柄頭部821之直徑均為相同。The burr guide hole 54 of the locating cap 5 conforms to the diameter of the shank portion 82 of the reamer 8. The shank portion 82 further includes a shank portion 821 having a diameter wider than that of the shank portion 82 and fitted to the inner wall of the tube portion 51 to stabilize the drilling direction of the reamer 8. More importantly, the positioning cap 5 can be applied to the reamer 8 of various blade portions 81. Since the diameter of the blade portion 81 of the reamer 8 is different, the diameter of the shank 821 is the same.
於此，定位輔助體2或定位帽5之外側形狀可為多角形或圓形。若定位帽5之外側形狀為圓形，定位帽5之側面表面設有突出部55。定位輔助體2之定位孔21壁亦具有對應突出部55之凹槽22，以與定位帽5嵌合，而避免定位帽5旋轉。或者，若定位帽5之外側形狀為多角形，定位輔助體2之定位孔21壁亦具有對應之形狀，而可避免定位帽5隨擴孔鑽8旋轉。Here, the shape of the outer side of the positioning auxiliary body 2 or the positioning cap 5 may be polygonal or circular. If the outer side of the positioning cap 5 has a circular shape, the side surface of the positioning cap 5 is provided with a projection 55. The wall of the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2 also has a groove 22 corresponding to the protruding portion 55 to match the positioning cap 5Fit, while avoiding the rotation of the positioning cap 5. Alternatively, if the outer side of the positioning cap 5 has a polygonal shape, the wall of the positioning hole 21 of the positioning auxiliary body 2 also has a corresponding shape, and the positioning cap 5 can be prevented from rotating with the reaming drill 8.
請參閱第12圖所示，係為本發明第三實施例之導引鑽示意圖。於使用擴孔鑽8之前，更可使用導引鑽9穿過定位輔助體2之定位孔21，而擴孔植體槽15之上端。導引鑽9與擴孔鑽8具有相同之刃部91及柄部92，並具有自刃部91頂端延伸之柱狀部93，且柱狀部93之頂端為平底狀。藉此，柱狀部93預先置入步驟S180挖鑿之植體槽15後，由刃部91向下擴孔植體槽15之上端。於此，可如同擴孔鑽8配合定位帽5之使用方式，將導引鑽9之柄頭部921置入定位帽5之管部51中。Referring to Fig. 12, there is shown a schematic view of a pilot drill according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Before the reamer 8 is used, the guiding drill 9 can be used to pass through the positioning hole 21 of the positioning aid 2, and the upper end of the implant groove 15 can be reamed. The pilot drill 9 and the reamer 8 have the same blade portion 91 and the shank portion 92, and have a columnar portion 93 extending from the tip end of the blade portion 91, and the tip end of the columnar portion 93 has a flat bottom shape. Thereby, the columnar portion 93 is placed in advance in the implant groove 15 excavated in step S180, and then the upper end of the implant groove 15 is retracted downward by the blade portion 91. Here, the shank head 921 of the pilot drill 9 can be placed in the tube portion 51 of the positioning cap 5 as the reamer 8 is used in conjunction with the positioning cap 5.
於是，續而使用擴孔鑽8根據導引鑽9擴孔的部分繼續向下進行擴孔，可更穩定及更準確的擴孔植體槽15。Then, the reamer 8 continues to be reamed downward according to the portion of the reamer 9 which is reamed, so that the implanted groove 15 can be reamed more stably and accurately.
較佳地，請參閱第15A圖及第15B圖所示，係為本發明第四實施例定位帽之另一態樣示意圖。定位帽5包含螺孔57，設置於定位帽5之上端，以令螺絲58穿過螺孔57並樞接於擴孔鑽8之螺孔822，而固定定位帽5於擴孔鑽8上。並且，螺絲58凸出於定位帽5外側，可取代前述凸緣部53的功用。且螺孔822可於擴孔鑽8上任一位置，不限定於柄頭部821上。Preferably, please refer to FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B , which are diagrams showing another aspect of the positioning cap according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The positioning cap 5 includes a screw hole 57 disposed at the upper end of the positioning cap 5 so that the screw 58 passes through the screw hole 57 and is pivotally connected to the screw hole 822 of the reamer 8 to fix the positioning cap 5 on the reamer 8. Further, the screw 58 protrudes from the outside of the positioning cap 5, and can replace the function of the flange portion 53 described above. The screw hole 822 can be located at any position on the reamer 8 and is not limited to the shank head 821.
於此，定位帽5可不具有前述第14A圖及第14B圖所示之凸緣部53及突出部55，定位輔助體2之內壁亦不需具有對應突出部55之凹槽22。並且，因定位帽5固定於擴孔鑽8上，螺絲58已提供鑽鑿停止點的作用，亦不需額外設置定位元件84於擴孔鑽8上。Here, the positioning cap 5 may not have the flange portion 53 and the protruding portion 55 shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, and the inner wall of the positioning auxiliary body 2 does not need to have the recess 22 corresponding to the protruding portion 55. Moreover, since the positioning cap 5 is fixed to the reamer 8, the screw 58 has provided the drilling stop point, and the positioning member 84 is not additionally provided on the reamer 8.
由上述所揭，可精準完成植牙手術。於植牙手術後，可翻模患者術後已植入植體之口腔牙齒，與定位模板6進行比對，用以評估手術是否符合預期。As described above, the dental implant surgery can be performed accurately. After the implant surgery, the dental teeth of the implant can be implanted after the surgery, and compared with the positioning template 6 to evaluate the operation.Is it in line with expectations?
請參閱第16圖所示，係為本發明第五實施例流程圖。本發明提出之牙齒定位模板及其製造方法用以輔助拍攝牙齒斷層掃瞄切片影像，其製造方法包含下列步驟：步驟S210：根據口腔牙齒製作齒模1，其中，齒模1包含牙冠部16及牙床部17。於此，本發明第一實施例係以待裝設假牙之患者牙齒製作齒模1，但本實施例並非以此限定，凡有拍攝特定剖面之斷層影像需求者皆可適用。Referring to Figure 16, there is shown a flow chart of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The tooth positioning template and the manufacturing method thereof are provided for assisting in capturing a tomographic scan slice image, and the manufacturing method thereof comprises the following steps: Step S210: making a tooth mold 1 according to the oral tooth, wherein the tooth mold 1 comprises the crown portion 16 And the gum bed portion 17. Here, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the tooth mold 1 is made of the patient's teeth to be mounted with the denture, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and any one of the requirements for capturing a tomographic image of a specific section is applicable.
步驟S220：選定齒模1之預定切片面。於此，選定欲取得特定切片影像之切片面。Step S220: Select a predetermined slice plane of the tooth mold 1. Here, the slice surface to which a specific slice image is to be obtained is selected.
步驟S230：於預定切片面上分別固定二標示物61於齒模1之兩側，其中標示物61不被X光穿透。Step S230: Fix two markers 61 on both sides of the tooth mold 1 on the predetermined slice surface, wherein the marker 61 is not penetrated by X-rays.
於此，請參考第17圖所示，係為本發明第五實施例之預定切片面剖面圖。標示物61可為開口相對之ㄇ字形金屬物質，其一端相連於齒模1之牙冠部16，另一端相連於齒模1之牙床部17，然標示物61之形狀並非以此為限。據此可標示預定切片面，於斷層影像中，同時包含二標示物61方為預定切片面之斷層影像。Here, please refer to Fig. 17, which is a cross-sectional view of a predetermined sliced surface of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The marker 61 may be a U-shaped metal material with an opening opposite thereto, one end of which is connected to the crown portion 16 of the tooth mold 1, and the other end of which is connected to the gum portion 17 of the tooth mold 1, but the shape of the marker 61 is not limited thereto. According to this, the predetermined sliced surface can be marked, and in the tomographic image, the two markers 61 are simultaneously included as the tomographic image of the predetermined sliced surface.
然，二標示物61亦可如第一實施例所述，以一標示體取代，使其位於齒模1及假牙模型12之一側，標示體經預定切片面之剖面具有可識別之輪廓，例如幾何圖形之輪廓。The second marker 61 can also be replaced by a marker body as shown in the first embodiment, so that it is located on one side of the tooth mold 1 and the denture model 12, and the marker body has an identifiable contour through a section of the predetermined slice surface. For example, the outline of a geometric figure.
步驟S240：以塑形劑62覆蓋標示物61及其周圍之部分齒模1，而形成定位模板6，其中塑形劑62包含樹脂聚合物及顯影劑。Step S240: covering the marker 61 and a part of the tooth mold 1 around it with the molding agent 62 to form the positioning template 6, wherein the molding agent 62 comprises a resin polymer and a developer.
於此，顯影劑可為硫酸鋇。由於樹脂聚合物及牙齦組織均能被X光穿透，而未能顯示於斷層影像，因此需藉由參雜部分顯影劑於定位模板6中，以識別定位模板6與牙齦組織之邊界。步驟S240前更可包含：塗佈分離劑於齒模1之預定切片面周圍；步驟S240後更可包含：於塑形劑62固化後，將定位模板6自齒模1上取下。Here, the developer may be barium sulfate. Since both the resin polymer and the gingival tissue can be penetrated by X-rays and cannot be displayed on the tomographic image, it is necessary to locate by using a part of the developer.In the template 6, the boundary between the positioning template 6 and the gum tissue is identified. The step S240 may further include: coating the separating agent around the predetermined slice surface of the tooth mold 1; and after step S240, further comprising: removing the positioning template 6 from the tooth mold 1 after the shaping agent 62 is cured.
由前述步驟，牙科醫師可標定牙齒切片面於斷層影像，使切片影像更為準確且可靠。From the foregoing steps, the dentist can calibrate the tooth slice surface to the tomographic image to make the slice image more accurate and reliable.
綜上所述，本發明提出之用於牙齒定位模板之組件，確實可供可靠地鑽鑿與擴孔植體槽。於此，用於牙齒定位模板之組件係選自前述之定位輔助體2、定位套筒3、擴孔套筒4、定位帽5、起始鑽7、擴孔鑽8、導引鑽9及其組成之群組。In summary, the assembly for a tooth positioning template proposed by the present invention is indeed capable of reliably drilling and reaming the implant trough. Herein, the component for the tooth positioning template is selected from the foregoing positioning auxiliary body 2, the positioning sleeve 3, the reaming sleeve 4, the positioning cap 5, the starting drill 7, the reaming drill 8, the guiding drill 9 and a group of its constituents.
雖然本發明的技術內容已經以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神所作些許之更動與潤飾，皆應涵蓋於本發明的範疇內，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the technical content of the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications and refinements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are encompassed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is therefore defined by the scope of the appended claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW102119513ATWI629050B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Components for dental positioning stent |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW102119513ATWI629050B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Components for dental positioning stent |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201336479A TW201336479A (en) | 2013-09-16 |
| TWI629050Btrue TWI629050B (en) | 2018-07-11 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| TW102119513ATWI629050B (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2010-11-26 | Components for dental positioning stent |
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