本發明是有關於一種輕質骨材製作方法，特別是指一種使用焊道渣，並結合泥岩及廢液晶玻璃之焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法。The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a lightweight aggregate material, in particular to a method for manufacturing a lightweight bone material of a weld bead slag using a weld bead slag combined with mudstone and waste liquid crystal glass.
隨著經濟的蓬勃發展，事業廢棄物日益增加，在這環保意識高漲的時代，如何處理日益增多的事業廢棄物，乃是當務之急、刻不容緩的任務，如廢棄焊道渣是由焊接過程中因銲藥、電流性質、遮護氣體、根部處理、預熱和層間溫度、極性等因素所產生，根據環保署廢棄物管制中心統計數量，國內目前的廢棄焊道渣年產量約20萬公噸，大都以獨立掩埋作為最終處置。With the booming economy and the increasing waste of business, in this era of high environmental awareness, how to deal with the increasing amount of business waste is an urgent task, such as waste welding slag is welded by welding process. According to the factors such as medicine, current properties, shielding gas, root treatment, preheating, interlayer temperature and polarity, according to the statistics of the Environmental Protection Agency's Waste Control Center, the current annual production of waste weld slag in China is about 200,000 metric tons, mostly Independent burial as the final disposal.
以台灣為例，掩埋廢棄焊道渣的價格因廢棄焊道渣越來越多，導致掩埋場空間不敷使用，價格也相對跟著水漲船高，造成不肖廠商為了節省處理費用，直接將未經處理過的廢棄焊道渣隨意丟棄或任意掩埋，未經處理的廢棄焊道渣含有汙染環境的鉻、銅、鉛、鋅、鎳等重金屬，對土壤、地下水等自然環境會造成影響與污染。Taking Taiwan as an example, the price of buried weld bead slag is more and more due to the waste of weld bead slag, resulting in insufficient space for the landfill. The price is also relatively high, which causes the manufacturers to directly deal with the treatment costs. The waste weld slag is randomly discarded or arbitrarily buried. The untreated waste weld slag contains heavy metals such as chromium, copper, lead, zinc and nickel which pollute the environment, which will affect and pollute the natural environment such as soil and groundwater.
再者，另一事業廢棄物如廢玻璃，主要來自液晶面板製造時產出之邊料、下腳料或是不良品，大致上可分為廢素玻璃、廢黑玻璃，及廢液晶面板，處理方式亦是直接掩埋或再利用，如業者能導入工業減廢與回收再利用的概念，將之回收再利用，除了能符合環保法規外，將可降低業者清理廢棄物的處理成本，更可提升企業之環保形象，確實達到永續發展物盡其用的功能。In addition, another business waste, such as waste glass, is mainly derived from the side material, scrap or defective product produced during the manufacture of the liquid crystal panel, and can be roughly classified into waste glass, waste black glass, and waste liquid crystal panel. The method is also direct burial or reuse. If the manufacturer can introduce the concept of industrial waste reduction and recycling, and recycle it and reuse it, in addition to complying with environmental regulations, it will be reduced.The cost of cleaning up the waste by the industry can also enhance the environmental image of the company and truly achieve the function of sustainable development.
參閱圖1，為中華民國發明公開號第201210710號專利「焊道渣再利用之處理方法」，該專利揭露一種廢棄物處理方法，該焊道渣再利用之處理方法包含一碎化步驟，以及一粉化步驟。該碎化步驟是將一焊道渣板材8碎化成多數焊道渣塊材81，使每一焊道渣塊材81的體積皆小於該焊道渣板材8，該粉化步驟用以將所述之焊道渣塊材81磨成多數焊道渣粉材811。Referring to FIG. 1, a method for treating a bead slag reuse process is disclosed in the Patent Publication No. 201210710 of the Republic of China. The patent discloses a waste disposal method, and the method for treating the bead slag reuse includes a fragmentation step, and A powdering step. The shredding step is to break a ballast slag sheet 8 into a plurality of bead slag blocks 81, so that the volume of each of the bead slag blocks 81 is smaller than the bead slag sheet 8, and the pulverizing step is used for The weld bead slag block 81 is ground into a plurality of weld bead slag powders 811.
習知是將該焊道渣藉由該碎化步驟與該粉化步驟，將原本作為廢棄物的焊道渣應用於水氣吸附、土壤改質、地盤改良、硬化土壤、添加於污泥內以吸取其含水量、中和材料酸鹼值、添加於膨脹水泥內、添加於建材內等用途中。然而，習知處理焊道渣過程中未經過燒結即添加於建材內使用，並無法增強建材強度及耐久性，不僅喪失廢棄之回收物再利用之初衷，且無法提升經濟價值與環保之美意，故習知之廢棄物處理方法確實有需改善的空間。It is conventionally known that the bead slag is applied to the water slag adsorption, soil modification, site improvement, hardening of the soil, and addition to the sludge by the pulverization step and the pulverization step. It absorbs the water content, neutralizes the pH value of the material, adds it to the expanded cement, and adds it to the building materials. However, it is conventionally known that the process of treating the weld bead slag is added to the building material without being sintered, and the strength and durability of the building material cannot be enhanced, and the original intention of recycling the recycled waste material is not lost, and the economic value and the environmental protection are not improved. Therefore, the conventional waste disposal method does have room for improvement.
目前人類處於環境過度開發與二度污染的環境中，在這環保意識高漲的時代，如何落實節能減廢，以最簡單、便利的設備與方法來處理日益增多的事業廢棄物，使其變為可用且環保之綠色建材，確為值得深入探討之問題。At present, human beings are in an environment of excessive environmental development and second-degree pollution. In this era of high environmental awareness, how to implement energy conservation and waste reduction, and to handle the increasing amount of business waste with the simplest and most convenient equipment and methods. The green building materials that are available and environmentally friendly are indeed worthy of further discussion.
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法，該方法包含以下步驟。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a ballast slag lightweight aggregate comprising the following steps.
首先，將所收集之焊道渣進行磁選作業，以剔除該焊道渣中之鐵渣，接著，對該焊道渣進行清理，以將該焊道渣中之其他雜質清除，並經顎碎過篩作業後分類儲存，然後，對清理後的塊狀焊道渣進行研磨作業，以使該焊道渣變成粉末狀，接著，將粉末狀之焊道渣與泥岩粉末、廢液晶玻璃粉末、發泡劑、助熔劑混拌成一混合材，然後，將該混合料經混拌、滾動、造粒成直徑大小不等的球狀生坯，接著，以自然陰乾方式將該等球狀生坯進行乾燥，最後，對乾燥後之球狀生坯進行燒結，且過程中是以分段升溫方式，將之燒結成輕質骨材。First, the collected weld slag is subjected to a magnetic separation operation to remove the iron slag in the weld slag, and then the weld slag is cleaned to remove other impurities in the weld slag and is mashed. After sieving operation, the slag is sorted and stored, and then the cleaned block slag is ground to make the slag powder into powder, and then the powdery slag and mudstone powder, waste liquid crystal glass powder, The foaming agent and the fluxing agent are mixed into a mixed material, and then the mixed material is mixed, rolled, granulated into spherical green bodies having different diameters, and then the spherical green bodies are naturally dried in a dry manner. Drying is carried out. Finally, the dried spherical green body is sintered, and the process is sintered into a lightweight aggregate by a stepwise heating method.
本發明之功效在於藉由將處理後之廢棄焊道渣、廢液晶玻璃研磨成粉末，再和泥岩粉末、發泡劑、助燃劑等材料調配成混合材，再經過混拌、滾動、造粒、陰乾等程序，並燒結成輕質骨材使用，不需要昂貴的特殊設備與材料費用，便可燒結出焊道渣輕質骨材，使其變為可用的綠色建材，且所製作出之焊道渣輕質骨材可以達到高強度之效果，以達到節能減廢，資源有效再利用之優點。The effect of the invention is that the treated waste slag and the waste liquid crystal glass are ground into powder, and then mixed with mudstone powder, foaming agent, combustion improver and the like into a mixed material, and then mixed, rolled and granulated. , dry and other procedures, and sintered into lightweight aggregates, without the need for expensive special equipment and material costs, can burn out the weld slag lightweight aggregates, making it a usable green building material, and made The weld bead slag lightweight aggregate can achieve high strength effect, so as to achieve the advantages of energy saving and waste reduction and efficient resource reuse.
有關本發明之相關申請專利特色與技術內容，在以下配合參考圖式之二個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。The details of the related patents and the technical contents of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the accompanying drawings.
在進行詳細說明之前，應注意的是，類似的元件是以相同的元件編號來表示。Before the detailed description, it should be noted that similar elements are denoted by the same element numbers.
參閱圖2，為本發明焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法之第一較佳實施例，該焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法，包含下列步驟：首先，進行步驟901，將所收集之焊道渣進行磁選作業，以剔除該焊道渣中之鐵渣。透過磁選作業回收具有再利用價值的鐵，以進一步提昇經濟價值。Referring to FIG. 2, the first comparison method of the method for manufacturing the lightweight slag of the bead slag of the present inventionIn a preferred embodiment, the ballast slag lightweight aggregate manufacturing method comprises the following steps: First, in step 901, the collected weld bead slag is subjected to a magnetic separation operation to remove iron slag in the weld bead slag. Recycling iron with re-use value through magnetic separation to further enhance economic value.
接著，進行步驟902，對經過該磁選作業之焊道渣進行清理，以將該焊道渣中之其他雜質(如棉質手套)清除，並經機器顎碎過篩作業後分類儲存。Next, in step 902, the weld slag passing through the magnetic separation operation is cleaned to remove other impurities (such as cotton gloves) in the weld slag, and is classified and stored after being crushed by a machine.
然後，進行步驟903，對清理後的塊狀焊道渣進行研磨作業，以使該焊道渣變成粉末狀。Then, in step 903, the cleaned block-shaped weld slag is subjected to a grinding operation to make the weld slag powdery.
接著，進行步驟904，將成為粉末狀之焊道渣與泥岩粉末、廢液晶玻璃粉末、發泡劑、助熔劑混拌成一混合材。Next, in step 904, the powdery bead slag is mixed with mudstone powder, waste liquid crystal glass powder, foaming agent, and flux to form a mixed material.
參閱圖3，在該第一較佳實施例中，本案發明人所選用之焊道渣是使用南部鋼結構產業產出的焊道渣，其指出液限為34%，塑性指數為9.8%，在統一分類法中屬於低塑性黏土(CL)，依其化學成分則落在C.M.Riley的「膨脹性黏土化學成分範圍」邊緣，需再調配發泡劑、助熔劑等材料，可使焊道渣混合料座落在膨脹性黏土化學成分範圍內，以證明處理後之焊道渣混合料適合製作人造骨材。Referring to FIG. 3, in the first preferred embodiment, the weld slag selected by the inventor of the present invention uses the weld slag produced by the southern steel structure industry, which indicates that the liquid limit is 34% and the plasticity index is 9.8%. In the unified classification method, it belongs to low-plastic clay (CL). According to its chemical composition, it falls on the edge of CMRiley's “expanding clay chemical composition range”. It needs to be blended with foaming agent, flux and other materials to make the weld slag. The mixture is located within the chemical composition of the expansive clay to demonstrate that the treated bead slag mix is suitable for making artificial aggregates.
參閱圖4，為X光繞射分析(XRD)圖，其中X軸表示二次繞射角，Y軸表示強度(單位：庫倫/每秒)，用以瞭解該焊道渣各個相位的組成生成物，圖中顯示該焊道渣之主要結晶形化合物為MgAl2O4、Fe3O4等，次要結晶形化合物為MgFe2O4、Cu0.76Co2.24O4、ZnAl2O4等。再由X光螢光分析(XRF)探討該焊道渣試樣中各元素含量，其中以C、O、Fe、Si、Al、Ca、Na等元素含量最高，配合XRD分析所得的各種化合物再以重量分析計算其化學成份計量，可得焊道渣、廢液晶玻璃，及泥岩之成分如下表1所示。Referring to Figure 4, there is an X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) diagram in which the X-axis represents the secondary diffraction angle and the Y-axis represents the intensity (unit: Coulomb/second) to understand the composition of the phase of the weld slag. The main crystalline compound of the bead slag is MgAl2 O4 , Fe3 O4 , etc., and the minor crystalline compound is MgFe2 O4 , Cu0.76 Co2.24 O4 , ZnAl2 O4 or the like. X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) was used to investigate the content of each element in the weld slag sample. The content of C, O, Fe, Si, Al, Ca, Na and other elements was the highest, and the various compounds obtained by XRD analysis were used. The chemical composition is calculated by gravimetric analysis, and the composition of the weld bead slag, waste liquid crystal glass, and mudstone can be obtained as shown in Table 1 below.
參閱圖5，本案發明人以掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察該焊道渣晶相結構，得知該焊道渣由角粒狀等礦物相互交錯組成，並存在許多大小不等的孔隙。Referring to Fig. 5, the inventors of the present invention observed the crystal structure of the bead slag by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and found that the weld slag is composed of intergranular minerals such as horns and grains, and there are many pores of different sizes.
參閱圖6，在該第一較佳實施例中，該廢液晶玻璃粉末是選自於TFT面板廠經前處理後所研磨成的粉末。其中X軸表示二次繞射角，Y軸表示強度(單位：庫倫/每秒)，由X光繞射分析(XRD)瞭解處理後之廢液晶玻璃各個相位的組成生成物，圖中顯示處理後該廢液晶玻璃則為非結晶質SiO2組成。再由X光螢光分析(XRF)探討處理後廢液晶玻璃試樣中各元素含量，其中以Ca、Si、Al、Fe、Mg、K、Na等元素含量最高，配合XRD分析所得的各種化合物再以重量分析計算其化學成份計量，至於微量重金屬則採用原子吸收光譜分析，進而推算處理該廢液晶玻璃各元素的氧化態含量百分比，如上表1中所示。Referring to FIG. 6, in the first preferred embodiment, the waste liquid crystal glass powder is a powder selected from a pre-treatment of a TFT panel factory. The X-axis represents the secondary diffraction angle, and the Y-axis represents the intensity (unit: Coulomb/per second). X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) is used to understand the composition of each phase of the treated waste liquid crystal glass. The waste liquid crystal glass is then composed of amorphous SiO2 . X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) was used to investigate the content of each element in the treated liquid crystal glass samples. Among them, Ca, Si, Al, Fe, Mg, K, Na and other elements were the highest, and various compounds obtained by XRD analysis were combined. The chemical composition is calculated by gravimetric analysis. As for the trace heavy metals, atomic absorption spectrometry is used to calculate the percentage of oxidation state of each element of the waste liquid crystal glass, as shown in Table 1 above.
參閱圖7，本案發明人以掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察該廢液晶玻璃晶相結構，得知該廢液晶玻璃由片狀礦物相互交錯組成，並存在許多大小不等的孔隙。Referring to FIG. 7, the inventor of the present invention observed the crystal phase structure of the waste liquid crystal glass by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and learned that the waste liquid crystal glass is composed of a flaky mineral phase.Interlaced, and there are many pores of varying sizes.
參閱圖8，在該第一較佳實施例中，本案發明人所選用之泥岩是取至高雄市阿蓮區清和宮旁，且經烘乾、研磨成粉末狀等過程，該泥岩之pH值為9，指出液限為40%，塑性指數為9%，屬於低塑性黏土(CL)，且是經烘乾、研磨成粉末並通過100號篩網，再依其化學成分則落在C.M.Riley的「膨脹性黏土化學成分範圍」邊緣，足以證明泥岩粉適合製作磁磚及輕質骨材。Referring to FIG. 8, in the first preferred embodiment, the mudstone selected by the inventor of the present invention is taken to the Qinghe Palace in Alian District, Kaohsiung City, and is dried, ground into a powder, and the pH value of the mudstone. 9, which indicates a liquid limit of 40% and a plasticity index of 9%, belongs to low-plastic clay (CL), and is dried, ground into a powder and passed through a No. 100 sieve, and then falls on CMRiley according to its chemical composition. The edge of the "expanded clay chemical composition range" is sufficient to prove that mudstone powder is suitable for making tiles and lightweight aggregates.
參閱圖9，為以X光繞射分析(XRD)瞭解上述泥岩粉各個相位的組成生成物，其中X軸表示二次繞射角，Y軸表示強度(單位：庫倫/每秒)，圖中顯示泥岩之主要結晶形化合物為SiO2、CaO、Al2O3、Fe2O3等。再由X光螢光分析(XRF)探討試樣中各元素含量，其中以C、O、Si、Al、Ca、K、Mg、Na等元素含量最高，進而推算泥岩各元素的氧化態含量百分比，如上表1中所示。Referring to Fig. 9, a composition product of each phase of the mudstone powder is known by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), wherein the X-axis represents the secondary diffraction angle and the Y-axis represents the intensity (unit: Coulomb/second). The main crystalline compounds showing mudstone are SiO2 , CaO, Al2 O3 , Fe2 O3 and the like. X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) was used to investigate the content of each element in the sample. The content of C, O, Si, Al, Ca, K, Mg, Na and other elements was the highest, and then the percentage of oxidation state of each element of mudstone was calculated. , as shown in Table 1 above.
參閱圖10，再以掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察泥岩晶相變化，得知由泥岩大多由片狀礦物相互交錯組成，並存在許多大小不等的孔隙。在該第一較佳實施例中，泥岩成分比例百分比固定於10%，該焊道渣成分比例百分比設定介於25%~35%之間，發泡劑成分比例百分比設定介於3%~15%之間，助熔劑成分比例百分比設定介於3%~15%之間。該助熔劑是選自於氧化鐵〔Fe2O3〕、小蘇打〔NaHCO3〕及此等之組合，該發泡劑是選自於硼酸〔H3BO3〕、碳酸鈉〔Na2CO3〕及此等之組合。Referring to Fig. 10, the crystal phase changes of the mudstone were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the mudstones were mostly interlaced with flaky minerals, and there were many pores of different sizes. In the first preferred embodiment, the proportion of the mudstone component is fixed at 10%, the proportion of the weld slag component percentage is between 25% and 35%, and the proportion of the blowing agent component percentage is between 3% and 15%. Between %, the percentage of flux composition percentage is set between 3% and 15%. The flux is selected from the group consisting of iron oxide [Fe2 O3 ], baking soda[ NaHCO3 ] and the like, and the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of boric acid[ H3 BO3 ] and sodium carbonate[ Na2 CO3] and the combination of these.
因此，本發明之焊道渣是經過調配泥岩、廢液晶玻璃粉末、發泡劑、助熔劑等材料，使焊道渣混合料座落在膨脹性黏土化學成分範圍內，以有助於後續造粒成型。Therefore, the weld bead slag of the present invention is prepared by mixing mudstone, waste liquid crystal glass powder, foaming agent, fluxing agent and the like, so that the bead slag mixture is located within the chemical composition range of the expansive clay to facilitate subsequent manufacture. Particle molding.
然後，進行步驟905，將該混合料經混拌、滾動、造粒成直徑大小不等的球狀生坯。Then, in step 905, the mixture is mixed, rolled, and granulated into spherical green bodies having different diameters.
接著，進行步驟906，以自然陰乾的方式將該等球狀生坯進行乾燥。Next, in step 906, the spherical green bodies are dried in a natural dry manner.
最後，進行步驟907，對乾燥後之球狀生坯進行燒結，且過程中是採用分段升溫速率及持溫時間控制方式，將之燒結成輕質骨材，升溫方式分為從常溫~200℃、200℃~400℃、400℃~600℃、600℃~900℃等分段升溫，前述每階段溫度到達時，再持溫20分鐘至40分鐘時間。Finally, in step 907, the dried spherical green body is sintered, and the process is controlled by a stepwise heating rate and a temperature holding time control method, and is sintered into a lightweight aggregate, and the heating method is divided into normal temperature to 200. °C, 200°C~400°C, 400°C~600°C, 600°C~900°C, etc., when the temperature of each stage arrives, the temperature is maintained for 20 minutes to 40 minutes.
在該第一較佳實施例中，實際燒結程序之最終燒結溫度是設定介於攝氏八百度至攝氏九百度之間。本案發明人透過控制升溫速率，讓熱處理過程中較低溫分解而產生氣體的反應，能延後在之後高溫環境中反應，透過此影響步驟，讓生成氣體可以被足夠玻璃相所包覆。In the first preferred embodiment, the final sintering temperature of the actual sintering process is set between eight degrees Celsius and nine hundred degrees Celsius. The inventor of the present invention can control the heating rate to lower the temperature during the heat treatment to generate a gas reaction, and can delay the reaction in the high temperature environment. Through the influence step, the generated gas can be coated with a sufficient glass phase.
完成上述步驟之後，本案發明人另將焊道渣骨材樣品模擬成土壤，以王水消化試驗分析其在酸性條件下重金屬的溶出情形，如下表2所示，根據溶出結果鉻、銅、鉛、鋅、鎳等重金屬雖略有溶出外，但仍遠低於管制標準，因此在自然環境下焊道渣應可作為工程土方及基底層材料再利用，對於土壤、地下水等自然環境應不致造成影響與污染。After completing the above steps, the inventor of the present invention simulated the weld slag aggregate sample into soil, and analyzed the dissolution of heavy metals under acidic conditions by aqua regia digestion test, as shown in Table 2 below, according to the dissolution results of chromium, copper and lead. Although heavy metals such as zinc and nickel are slightly dissolved, they are still far below the control standards. Therefore, in the natural environment, the weld slag should be reused as the engineering earthwork and basement materials, and should not cause damage to the natural environment such as soil and groundwater. Impact and pollution.
本案發明人再針對處理後廢液晶玻璃重金屬全量分析方面，暸解處理後廢液晶玻璃的基本化性與其重金屬污染物的溶出特性，更深入探討處理後廢液晶玻璃作為綠建材再利用時對環境可能的影響程度。首先將所有處理後廢液晶玻璃樣品依「有害事業廢棄物認定標準」中之「溶出毒性事業廢棄物」分析方法，對其重金屬作有害特性判定，根據溶出結果得知除銅、鉻及鎳等重金屬略有溶出外，但是整體而言其溶出量仍遠低於管制標準，應可歸屬於一般事業廢棄物，其分析結果如下表3所示。The inventor of the present invention further understands the basicity of the treated liquid crystal glass and the dissolution characteristics of the heavy metal pollutants after treatment, and further investigates the environmentally-friendly waste liquid crystal glass as a green building material for reuse. The extent of the impact. First, all the processed waste liquid crystal glass samples are judged according to the "dissolved toxic business waste" analysis method in the "Hazardous Waste Determination Standard", and the heavy metals are judged as harmful characteristics. According to the dissolution results, copper, chromium and nickel are known. Heavy metals are slightly dissolved, but the overall dissolution is still far below the regulatory standards, and should be attributable to general business waste. The analysis results are shown in Table 3 below.
其次將處理後廢液晶玻璃樣品模擬成土壤，以王水消化試驗分析其在酸性條件下重金屬的溶出情形如下表4所示，根據溶出結果鉛、鋅、銅、鉻、鎳等重金屬雖略有溶出外，但仍遠低於管制標準，因此在自然環境下應可作為綠色建材再利用，對於自然環境不致造成影響與污染。Secondly, the treated waste liquid crystal glass samples were simulated into soil, and the dissolution of heavy metals under acidic conditions was analyzed by aqua regia digestion test as shown in Table 4 below. According to the dissolution results, heavy metals such as lead, zinc, copper, chromium and nickel were slightly It is far from the standard of dissolution, but it is still far below the control standard. Therefore, it should be reused as a green building material in the natural environment, and it will not affect and pollute the natural environment.
參閱附件1及附件2，依據上述步驟之說明，本案發明人實際進行了48種焊道渣粉、廢液晶玻璃粉、泥岩粉、發泡劑，及助熔劑不同配比之實驗，附件1為48種不同配比之晶相圖與實物相片，附表2為以該48種不同配比進行之筒壓強度大小、吸水率高低，及鬆單位重之數值比較表，說明在不同配比條件下的實驗結果。Referring to Annex 1 and Annex 2, according to the above steps, the inventor of the present case actually carried out experiments on 48 kinds of weld bead slag powder, waste liquid crystal glass powder, mudstone powder, foaming agent and flux. The crystal phase diagrams and physical photos of 48 different ratios are shown in Table 2. The comparison table of the cylinder pressure strength, the water absorption rate and the loose unit weight of the 48 different ratios shows the different ratio conditions. The experimental results below.
其中，燒結溫度分別為800℃、850℃及900℃等三種的焊道渣燒結結果作業。以M10-TFT59-WS25-B3-Fe3-800為例，其中，M10：M代表泥岩粉，10代表添加量10%；TFT59：TFT代表廢液晶玻璃粉，59代表添加量59%；WS25：WS代表焊道渣粉，25代表添加量25%；Na3、B3：Na代表碳酸鈣(Na2CO3)，B代表硼酸(H3BO3)，3代表添加量3%，發泡劑添加量分別為3%、9%、15%等三種；Fe3、NaH3：Fe代表氧化鐵、NaH代表小蘇打，其中3代表添加量3%，三者助熔劑添加量分別為3%、9%、15%等三種；800：代表燒結溫度800℃、850℃，及900℃等三種。Among them, the sintering temperature is 800 ° C, 850 ° C and 900 ° C, respectively, three kinds of bead slag sintering results work. Take M10-TFT59-WS25-B3-Fe3-800 as an example, where M10:M represents mudstone powder, 10 represents 10% addition; TFT59: TFT represents waste liquid crystal glass powder, 59 represents additive amount 59%; WS25:WS On behalf of the weld slag powder, 25 represents the addition amount of 25%; Na3, B3: Na represents calcium carbonate (Na2 CO3 ), B represents boric acid (H3 BO3 ), 3 represents the addition amount of 3%, the amount of blowing agent added Three kinds of 3%, 9%, 15%, etc.; Fe3, NaH3: Fe represents iron oxide, NaH stands for baking soda, 3 of which represents the addition amount of 3%, and the three fluxes are 3%, 9%, and 15 respectively. Three kinds, etc.; 800: represents three kinds of sintering temperatures: 800 ° C, 850 ° C, and 900 ° C.
參閱圖11，為本發明焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法之第二較佳實施例，該第二實施例與該第一實施例大致相同，相同之處於此不再贅述，不同之處在於，該第二較佳實施例是進一步將該焊道渣輕質骨材澆置成混凝土，並相對第一較佳實施例更包含一步驟908，針對焊道渣燒製後的輕質骨材澆置成混凝土其配比設定其水膠比為0.28、0.32、0.36、0.40、0.44、0.48、0.52等7種如下表5所示，並添加水泥、飛灰、水淬爐石粉等膠結料，再製作成混凝土。Referring to FIG. 11, a second preferred embodiment of a method for manufacturing a lightweight slag of a bead slag according to the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the same points are not described herein again, except that The second preferred embodiment further deposits the ballast slag lightweight aggregate into concrete, and further comprises a step 908 with respect to the first preferred embodiment for the lightweight aggregate after the bead slag is fired. The ratio of the water-to-binder ratio of the concrete to the concrete is set to 0.28, 0.32, 0.36, 0.40, 0.44, 0.48, 0.52, etc. as shown in Table 5 below, and cement, fly ash, water quenching furnace powder and other cementing materials are added. Then made into concrete.
配合參閱圖12，為一抗壓強度與彈性模數關係圖，該焊道渣輕質骨材混凝土經過抗壓、超音波等一系列試驗，再回歸後，得如下結果，一般而言，水膠比愈小彈性模數愈大，抗壓強度愈大、養治時間愈長，則其彈性模數就愈大。彈性模數隨抗壓強度增加而增加，整體而言經回歸得到與E關係為E=15858相當接近ACl Code 318 E=15000。Referring to Figure 12, it is a relationship between compressive strength and elastic modulus. The ballast slag lightweight aggregate concrete undergoes a series of tests such as compression and ultrasonic, and after regression, the following results are obtained. Generally speaking, water The smaller the rubber ratio, the larger the elastic modulus, the larger the compressive strength and the longer the curing time, the larger the elastic modulus. The modulus of elasticity increases as the compressive strength increases, and the whole is obtained by regression. The relationship with E is E=15858 Quite close to ACl Code 318 E=15000 .
綜合上述，本發明之焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法藉由以焊道渣、泥岩、廢液晶玻璃為底，再添加助熔劑及發泡劑滾動造粒後燒製成輕質骨材，並進一步澆置成再生混凝土作為綠建材使用，配合世界潮流強調『永續發展，資源再利用』的觀點，將焊道渣、廢晶玻璃作無害化、減量化處理，並製作輕質骨材，不但能解決無處堆置窘境，亦可達到生態、節能、減廢、健康等綠建築評估指標，更能避免環境過度的開發及二度污染的問題產生，故確實可以達成本發明之目的。In summary, the method for manufacturing the lightweight slag of the bead slag of the present invention is formed by welding slag, mudstone, and waste liquid crystal glass as a base, and then adding a fluxing agent and a foaming agent to roll granulation and then firing into a lightweight aggregate. Further, it is poured into recycled concrete as a green building material. In line with the world trend, it emphasizes the concept of "sustainable development and resource reuse". The weld slag and waste glass are harmless and reduced, and lightweight aggregates are produced. It can not only solve the problem of nowhere to be stacked, but also achieve green building evaluation indicators such as ecology, energy saving, waste reduction, health, etc., and avoid the excessive development of the environment and the problem of second-degree pollution, so it is indeed possible to achieve the purpose of the present invention. .
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之二個較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above is only the two preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent change of the patent application scope and the description of the invention is Modifications are still within the scope of the invention.
901~908‧‧‧步驟901~908‧‧‧Steps
圖1是一分解示意圖，說明習知中華民國發明公開號第201210710號專利「焊道渣再利用之處理方法」；圖2是一流程圖，說明本發明之焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法的第一較佳實施例；圖3是一三相圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，一焊道渣粉末之C.M.Riley三相圖；圖4是一數據圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，該焊道渣經過X光繞射分析所測得的內含物質；圖5是一晶相圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，該焊道渣的SEM晶相圖；圖6是一數據圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，一廢液晶玻璃經過X光繞射分析所測得的內含物質；圖7是一晶相圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，該廢液晶玻璃的SEM晶相圖；圖8是一三相圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，一泥岩粉末之C.M.Riley三相圖；圖9是一數據圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，該泥岩經過X光繞射分析所測得的內含物質；圖10是一晶相圖，說明該第一較佳實施例中，該泥岩的SEM晶相圖；圖11是一流程圖，說明本發明之焊道渣輕質骨材製造方法的第二較佳實施例；及圖12是一關係圖，說明該第二較佳實施例中，說明焊道渣骨材混凝土之抗壓強度與彈性模數關係。Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view showing the conventional Chinese Republic of China invention numberPatent No. 201210710 "Process for treating bead slag reuse"; FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining a first preferred embodiment of a method for manufacturing a lightweight slag of the bead slag of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a three-phase diagram A CMRiley three-phase diagram of a bead slag powder in the first preferred embodiment; FIG. 4 is a data diagram illustrating the weld slag undergoing X-ray diffraction analysis in the first preferred embodiment. The measured inclusions; FIG. 5 is a crystal phase diagram illustrating the SEM crystal phase diagram of the bead slag in the first preferred embodiment; FIG. 6 is a data diagram illustrating the first preferred embodiment. In the example, a waste liquid crystal glass is subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to measure the contents; FIG. 7 is a crystal phase diagram illustrating the SEM crystal phase diagram of the waste liquid crystal glass in the first preferred embodiment; 8 is a three-phase diagram illustrating a CMRiley three-phase diagram of a mudstone powder in the first preferred embodiment; and FIG. 9 is a data diagram illustrating the mudstone being X-ray wound in the first preferred embodiment. The measured matter is measured by the analysis; FIG. 10 is a crystal phase diagram illustrating the SEM crystal phase diagram of the mudstone in the first preferred embodiment; FIG. 11 is a The second preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing a lightweight slag of a bead slag according to the present invention; and FIG. 12 is a related diagram illustrating the concrete of a bead slag and concrete in the second preferred embodiment. The relationship between compressive strength and elastic modulus.
901~907‧‧‧步驟901~907‧‧‧Steps
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101144789ATWI462785B (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | Method for manufacturing light weight of weld slag |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101144789ATWI462785B (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | Method for manufacturing light weight of weld slag |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201420224A TW201420224A (en) | 2014-06-01 |
| TWI462785Btrue TWI462785B (en) | 2014-12-01 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101144789ATWI462785B (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | Method for manufacturing light weight of weld slag |
| Country | Link |
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| TW (1) | TWI462785B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI717625B (en)* | 2018-08-08 | 2021-02-01 | 大地亮環保服務有限公司 | Manufacturing method of steel slag cementitious material |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201121918A (en)* | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-01 | China Hi Ment Corp | The proportion for making particles of scrapped materials from the steel factory |
| TW201127775A (en)* | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-16 | Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech | Lightweight aggregate and sintering technology |
| TW201210710A (en)* | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-16 | zong-yu Su | Processing method for recycling weld bead slag |
| TW201242925A (en)* | 2011-04-25 | 2012-11-01 | Shao-Hua Hu | Procedure and formation of synthetic lightweight aggregates with sludge and boric acid at lower co-melting temperature |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201121918A (en)* | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-01 | China Hi Ment Corp | The proportion for making particles of scrapped materials from the steel factory |
| TW201127775A (en)* | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-16 | Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech | Lightweight aggregate and sintering technology |
| TW201210710A (en)* | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-16 | zong-yu Su | Processing method for recycling weld bead slag |
| TW201242925A (en)* | 2011-04-25 | 2012-11-01 | Shao-Hua Hu | Procedure and formation of synthetic lightweight aggregates with sludge and boric acid at lower co-melting temperature |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201420224A (en) | 2014-06-01 |
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