本發明有關於氣體放電燈，尤其係指用於起始及發動氣體放電燈的電路。The invention relates to gas discharge lamps, and in particular to circuits for starting and starting a gas discharge lamp.
氣體放電燈係利用於多種應用中。一習用氣體放電燈包含一對電極，在燈泡殼內彼此相隔。氣體放電燈典型地係充填惰性氣體。在許多應用中，金屬蒸氣係添加在氣體中，以增強或影響光輸出。在操作時，電流係通過氣體在電極間流動。這造成氣體放電。光的波長(如光色)可藉由不同氣體之使用而加以改變。在某些應用中，例如，習用的螢光燈泡，氣體放射紫外線，其藉由燈殼內的螢光塗層加以轉換成可見光。Gas discharge lamps are used in a variety of applications. A conventional gas discharge lamp comprises a pair of electrodes spaced apart from each other within the bulb envelope. Gas discharge lamps are typically filled with an inert gas. In many applications, metal vapors are added to the gas to enhance or affect the light output. In operation, current flows through the gas between the electrodes. This causes the gas to discharge. The wavelength of light (such as light color) can be changed by the use of different gases. In some applications, for example, conventional fluorescent bulbs, the gas emits ultraviolet light, which is converted to visible light by a fluorescent coating in the lamp envelope.
雖然習知氣體放電燈的操作原理係相對地較為直接的，習知的氣體放電燈典型地要求一特殊的起始過程。例如，起始一習知的氣體放電燈的方法係預熱電極，以產生眾多的電子於電極周圍，(預熱階段)，然後，施加足夠量的尖峰電流到電極，使電弧經由氣體跨越電極(觸發階段)。一旦電弧經由氣體形成，動力加以降低，因為所需以維持燈泡操作的動力係明顯地較低。While the principles of operation of conventional gas discharge lamps are relatively straightforward, conventional gas discharge lamps typically require a special starting process. For example, a method of initiating a conventional gas discharge lamp is to preheat the electrode to generate a plurality of electrons around the electrode (preheating phase), and then apply a sufficient amount of peak current to the electrode to cause the arc to cross the electrode via the gas. (trigger phase). Once the arc is formed via the gas, the power is reduced because the powertrain required to maintain lamp operation is significantly lower.
在許多應用中，電極係由串接電極，並經由電極加以通電，雖然它們在一白熾燈內為長絲。當電流流經電極時，電極本有的電阻造成電子激發。一旦電極係充足地預熱，電極間的直接電連接即被打開，因而留下經過氣體的通道，其為電在電極間流動的唯一通道。大約在同一時間，施加在電極上的動力係增加，以提供足夠的電動勢差給予電子，觸發跨過電極的電弧。In many applications, the electrodes are connected in series by electrodes and energized via electrodes, although they are filaments within an incandescent lamp. When current flows through the electrode, the inherent resistance of the electrode causes electron excitation. Once the electrode system is sufficiently warmed up, the direct electrical connection between the electrodes is opened, thus leaving a passage through the gas, which is the only passage through which electricity flows between the electrodes. At about the same time, the powertrain applied to the electrodes is increased to provide sufficient electromotive force difference to the electrons, triggering an arc across the electrodes.
起始電路有多種結構，並可用多種方法加以操作。在一應用中，動力供應電路包含一對變壓器，其係加以構形而只在動力供應超過一特定範圍時，提供跨越兩個電極的預熱電流。藉由改變動力的頻率，預熱操作能加以選擇性地控制。雖然是功能性的，這動力供應電路要求使用兩個額外的變壓器，其劇烈地增加成本，及動力供應電路的尺寸。進一步地，這電路包含在動力供應及燈泡間的直接電連接。直接電連接有多種缺點。例如，直接電連接要求使用者在安裝或移除燈泡時，製作電連接(通常是機械連接)。進一步地，直接電連接提供一相對較高的電問題風險，其為動力供應及燈泡間的橋接。The starting circuit has a variety of structures and can be operated in a variety of ways. In one application, the power supply circuit includes a pair of transformers configured to provide a preheat current across the two electrodes only when the power supply exceeds a particular range. The preheating operation can be selectively controlled by varying the frequency of the power. Although functional, this power supply circuit requires the use of two additional transformers, which dramatically increase the cost and size of the power supply circuit. Further, this circuit contains a direct electrical connection between the power supply and the bulb. Direct electrical connections have a number of disadvantages. For example, direct electrical connections require the user to make an electrical connection (usually a mechanical connection) when installing or removing the bulb. Further, direct electrical connections provide a relatively high risk of electrical problems, which are power supply and bridging between the bulbs.
在某些應用中，氣體放電燈係經由感應耦合提供動力。這減少對直接電連的需求，例如，電線連接，並在動力供應及氣體放電燈間提供一定程度的隔離。雖然感應耦合比直接電連可提供多種利益，感應耦合的利用，使起始方法變的複雜。一個在感應系統中用於控制起始電路之操作的方法，係提供一磁控的簧片開關，其能用於提供經選擇的電極間直接電連接。雖然是可信的，這種起始器構形要求電磁鐡及簧片開關間的密切相鄰。這也需要在兩元件間的特別定位。總之，這些要求，對設計及結構動力供應電路及整體燈泡電路時，有巨大的限制。In some applications, gas discharge lamps are powered via inductive coupling. This reduces the need for direct electrical connections, such as wire connections, and provides a degree of isolation between the power supply and the gas discharge lamp. Although inductive coupling provides multiple benefits over direct electrical connections, the use of inductive coupling complicates the starting method. A method for controlling the operation of the starting circuit in an inductive system provides a magnetically controlled reed switch that can be used to provide a direct electrical connection between selected electrodes. Although authentic, this initiator configuration requires close proximity between the solenoid and the reed switch. This also requires special positioning between the two components. In summary, these requirements have significant limitations on the design and construction of power supply circuits and overall lamp circuits.
本發明提供一種氣體放電燈用的感應動力供應電路，其透過施加在副電路上的動力頻改變，選擇性地可在預熱模式及操作模式中加以操作。在一實施例中，動力供應電路通常包含一主要電路，具有一頻率控制器，用於改變施加到主要線圈上之動力頻率，及一副電路，具有一副線圈，用於感應接收來自主要線圈的動力；一氣體放電燈及一預熱電容器。預熱電容器係加以選擇，而在主要線圈在預熱頻範圍內操作時，加以預熱燈泡。在一實施例中，預熱電容器係在燈泡電極間串連。The present invention provides an inductive power supply circuit for a gas discharge lamp that is selectively operable in a warm-up mode and an operation mode by a change in power frequency applied to the sub-circuit. In one embodiment, the power supply circuit typically includes a main circuit having a frequency controller for varying the power frequency applied to the primary coil, and a pair of circuits having a secondary coil for inductively receiving the primary coil Motive forceA gas discharge lamp and a preheating capacitor. The preheating capacitor is selected to preheat the bulb when the primary coil is operating within the preheat frequency range. In one embodiment, the preheat capacitor is connected in series between the bulb electrodes.
在一實施例中，預熱電容器，預熱頻及操作頻係加以選擇，如此得其在預熱頻下，經過該燈泡的電流通道，相較於經過該電極的電流通道，具有較大的電阻，且在該操作頻下，經過燈泡的電流通道，相較於經過電極的電流通道，具有較小的電阻。In one embodiment, the preheating capacitor, the preheating frequency and the operating frequency are selected such that at the preheating frequency, the current path through the bulb has a larger current path than the current path through the electrode. The resistance, and at this operating frequency, the current path through the bulb has a lower resistance than the current path through the electrode.
在一實施例中，副電路進一步包含一操作電容器，串接在副線圈及燈泡間。操作電容器的電容可加以選擇，而實質地平衡副線圈的電感。在本實施例中，預熱電容器可具有一電容，其大約相同於操作電容器的電容。In one embodiment, the secondary circuit further includes an operational capacitor connected in series between the secondary coil and the bulb. The capacitance of the operating capacitor can be selected to substantially balance the inductance of the secondary winding. In this embodiment, the preheat capacitor can have a capacitance that is approximately the same as the capacitance of the operating capacitor.
在一實施例中，主要電路係適合允許主要電路在預熱頻下及操作頻下之共振下加以操作。在一實施例中，主要電路包含槽電路，其有多種電容，以及一能夠選擇性地加以改變槽電路之電容的控制器。主要電路可包含可變電路，其用於改變槽電路的共振頻，如可變感應器。In one embodiment, the primary circuitry is adapted to allow the primary circuitry to operate at preheating frequencies and resonances at operating frequencies. In one embodiment, the primary circuit includes a slot circuit having a plurality of capacitors and a controller capable of selectively varying the capacitance of the slot circuit. The primary circuit can include a variable circuit for varying the resonant frequency of the slot circuit, such as a variable inductor.
在一實施例中，可變的共振槽電路包含多數個電容器，其可藉由開動一或多個開關加以選擇性地操作。開關可在第一位置及第二位置間加以開動，其中第一位置中，槽電路的有效電容被設定，以提供在大約在預熱頻下的主要共振，而第二位置中，槽電路的有效電容係加以設定，以提供在操作頻下的主要共振。In one embodiment, the variable resonant tank circuit includes a plurality of capacitors that are selectively operable by actuating one or more switches. The switch is actuatable between a first position in which the effective capacitance of the slot circuit is set to provide a primary resonance at approximately the preheat frequency, and a second position in which the slot circuit is The effective capacitance is set to provide the primary resonance at the operating frequency.
在一實施例中，槽電路可包含一槽操作電容器，其連接在主要線圈及接地之間，及一槽預熱電容器，其沿著平行於預熱電容器的開關線，連接在主要及接地之間。在操作時，開關可加以開動，而選擇性地使預熱電容器能作動或不能作動，因而轉換預熱頻及操作頻之間的主要的共振頻。In one embodiment, the slot circuit can include a slot operating capacitor connected between the primary coil and ground, and a slot preheat capacitor connected along the switch line parallel to the preheat capacitor to the primary and ground. between. The switch can be actuated during operation.The preheat capacitor can be selectively activated or disabled, thereby converting the primary resonant frequency between the preheating frequency and the operating frequency.
在另一觀點中，本發明提供一用於發動及操作氣體放電燈的方法。在本觀點的一實施例中，該方法可包含預熱燈泡的步驟，其藉由在預熱頻下，以足以預熱該燈泡的時間，施加動力到副電路，此時，經由燈泡的電通道之電阻，係大於經由預熱電容器的電阻，及在操作頻下，施加動力到副電路，此時，經由燈泡的電通道之電阻，係小於經由預熱電容器的電阻。In another aspect, the invention provides a method for firing and operating a gas discharge lamp. In an embodiment of the present aspect, the method can include the step of preheating the bulb by applying power to the secondary circuit at a preheating frequency for a time sufficient to preheat the bulb, at this time, via the bulb The resistance of the channel is greater than the resistance through the preheating capacitor, and at the operating frequency, the power is applied to the secondary circuit. At this time, the resistance of the electrical path through the bulb is less than the resistance through the preheating capacitor.
在一實施例中，預熱頻相對應於大約副電路的共振頻，此係考慮到，預熱電容器及操作電容器之結合電容，及操作電容器係相對應於大約副電路的共振頻，此係考慮到只有操作電容器的電容。In one embodiment, the preheating frequency corresponds to the resonant frequency of the sub-circuit, which takes into account that the combined capacitance of the preheating capacitor and the operating capacitor, and the operating capacitor corresponds to the resonant frequency of the sub-circuit, Consider the capacitance of only operating the capacitor.
在一實施例中，本方法進一步包含在預熱步驟時改變主要共振頻以匹配預熱頻及在操作步驟時匹配操作頻的步驟。在另一實施例中，這步驟進一步被界定為：在預熱步驟及在操作步驟之間，改變槽電路之有效電感。In an embodiment, the method further includes the step of changing the primary resonant frequency to match the pre-heating frequency during the preheating step and matching the operating frequency during the operating step. In another embodiment, this step is further defined as changing the effective inductance of the tank circuit between the preheating step and during the operating step.
本發明提供一簡單及有效的電路及方法，可用於預熱，起動及發動一氣體放電燈。本發明使用最少的元件，以達成綜合複雜的功能。這降低整體成本及電路尺寸。本發明也具有改良可信度的潛力，因為其包含最少的元件，元件本質上是被動的，而且在操作方法上是較不複雜的。在典型的應用中，當主要電路從預熱頻轉為操作頻時，系統係自動地起動(或發動)燈泡。起始開關造成充足的電壓，以建立跨越電極的電流，允許電流以電弧經過氣體橫越電極。一旦燈泡加以啟動，經過燈泡的電阻下降，進而甚至在正常操作時，經過燈泡之電通道及經過預熱電容器之電通道之間，產生電阻差。在應用中，主要電路的共振頻係選擇性地加以調節的，主要電路能被採用，而在預熱及操作時，提供有效率的共振操作。進一步地，副電路的元件，己被併入燈泡基底，因而簡化實際的製作。The present invention provides a simple and efficient circuit and method for preheating, starting and starting a gas discharge lamp. The present invention uses the fewest components to achieve a comprehensive and complex function. This reduces overall cost and circuit size. The present invention also has the potential to improve credibility because it contains the fewest components, the components are passive in nature, and are less complex to operate. In a typical application, the system automatically starts (or starts) the light bulb when the primary circuit transitions from preheating to operating frequency. The starting switch creates a sufficient voltage to establish a current across the electrodes, allowing current to traverse the electrodes through the gas as an arc. Once the bulb is activated, the resistance of the bulb passes through, and even during normal operation, passes through the electrical path of the bulb and the electrical path through the preheat capacitor.Between, a difference in resistance is produced. In applications where the resonant frequency of the primary circuit is selectively adjusted, the primary circuit can be employed to provide efficient resonant operation during warm-up and operation. Further, the components of the sub-circuit have been incorporated into the bulb substrate, thus simplifying the actual fabrication.
這些及其他本發明目的，優點，及特徵，在參考實施例的詳細說明及圖式下，將易於明瞭。These and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from
一依照本發明實施例的氣體放電燈系統10係圖示於第一圖。氣體放電燈系統10通常包含一主要電路12，及一副電路14，用以供電至氣體放電燈16。主要電路12包含一控制器20，用以選擇性地改變由主要電路12傳來的感應動力之頻率。副電路14包含一副線圈22，用於感應地接收來自主要線圈18及氣體放電燈16的動力。副線圈22進一步地包含一操作電容器30，連接在副線圈22及燈泡16之間，及一預熱電容器32，串連在燈泡電極24及26之間。在操作時，控制器20藉由在所選的預熱頻下，施加動力到副線圈14以預加熱燈泡16，使通過預熱電容器32的電通道之電阻，小於通過氣體放電燈16內氣體之電通道的電阻。在預熱之後，控制器20在所選的操作頻下，施加動力至副電路14，使經由預熱電容器32的電通道之電阻，大於通過氣體放電燈16內氣體之電通道的電阻。這造成預熱電容器32變成”不一致”，接著，造成電流經由氣體放電燈內之氣體而沿著電通道流動。A gas discharge lamp system 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in a first diagram. The gas discharge lamp system 10 generally includes a primary circuit 12 and a secondary circuit 14 for supplying power to the gas discharge lamp 16. The primary circuit 12 includes a controller 20 for selectively varying the frequency of the inductive power transmitted by the primary circuit 12. The secondary circuit 14 includes a secondary coil 22 for inductively receiving power from the primary coil 18 and the gas discharge lamp 16. The secondary winding 22 further includes an operational capacitor 30 coupled between the secondary winding 22 and the bulb 16, and a preheating capacitor 32 coupled in series between the bulb electrodes 24 and 26. In operation, the controller 20 pre-heats the bulb 16 by applying power to the secondary coil 14 at a selected preheat frequency such that the electrical resistance through the electrical path of the preheat capacitor 32 is less than the gas passing through the gas discharge lamp 16. The resistance of the electrical channel. After warming up, the controller 20 applies power to the secondary circuit 14 at the selected operating frequency such that the electrical resistance of the electrical path through the preheat capacitor 32 is greater than the electrical resistance of the electrical path through the gas within the gas discharge lamp 16. This causes the preheat capacitor 32 to become "inconsistent", and then causes current to flow along the electrical path via the gas within the gas discharge lamp.
如前所述，本發明一實施例之示意圖係示於第一圖。在所示的實施例中，主要電路12包含一主要線圈18以及一頻率控制器20，其用以在所要的頻率下施加動力到主要線圈18。所示實施例之頻率控制器20，通常包含一微控制器40，一振盪器42，一驅動器44及一反相器46。振盪器42及驅動器44可為各別的元件，或可併入微控制器40內，例如，作為微控制器40內的一個模組。在本實施例中，這些元件共同驅動一槽電路48。更具體地，反相器46提供AC(交流電)，從DC(直流電)動力源50到槽電路48。槽電路48包含主要線圈18，並可包含一電容器52，其被擇以平衡主要線圈18在預期操作參數下的電阻。槽電路48可為串聯共振(series resonant)槽電路或一並聯(parallel)共振槽電路。在本實施例中，驅動器44提供所需以操作反相器46內開關的訊號。接著，驅動器44在振盪器42設立的頻率下操作。振盪器42接著由微控制器40加以控制。微控制器40可為一微控制器，如PIC18LF1320，或一個更加通用的微控制器。圖示的主要電路12謹為範例，基本上，任何在可變頻率下，能夠提供感應動力的主要電路可被併入本發明。本發明中可以併入頒給Kuennen等人的美國專利第6825620號，其發明名稱為”Inducitively Coupled Ballast Circuit”，公告日為2004年十一月30日。美國專利第6825620號併入本文中。As described above, a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in the first figure. In the illustrated embodiment, primary circuit 12 includes a primary coil 18 and a frequency controller 20 for applying power to primary coil 18 at a desired frequency. The frequency controller 20 of the illustrated embodiment typically includes a microcontroller 40, an oscillator 42, and a driver.44 and an inverter 46. Oscillator 42 and driver 44 may be separate components or may be incorporated into microcontroller 40, for example, as a module within microcontroller 40. In the present embodiment, these components collectively drive a slot circuit 48. More specifically, inverter 46 provides AC (alternating current) from a DC (direct current) power source 50 to tank circuit 48. Slot circuit 48 includes primary coil 18 and may include a capacitor 52 that is selected to balance the resistance of primary coil 18 under expected operational parameters. Slot circuit 48 can be a series resonant tank circuit or a parallel resonant tank circuit. In the present embodiment, driver 44 provides the signals needed to operate the switches in inverter 46. Driver 44 is then operated at the frequency set by oscillator 42. Oscillator 42 is then controlled by microcontroller 40. Microcontroller 40 can be a microcontroller such as the PIC18LF1320 or a more general purpose microcontroller. The main circuit 12 is illustrated as an example, and basically any primary circuit capable of providing inductive power at variable frequencies can be incorporated into the present invention. U.S. Patent No. 6,825,620 issued to Kuennen et al., entitled "Inducitively Coupled Ballast Circuit", is issued on November 30, 2004. U.S. Patent No. 6,825,620 is incorporated herein by reference.
如前所述，副電路14係包含副線圈22，以感應地接收來自主要線圈18的動力；一氣體放電燈16；一操作電容器30及一預熱電容器30。現在參照第二圖，氣體放電燈16包含一對電極24及26，其在燈殼60內彼此分隔。燈殼60含有所要的惰性氣體，想要時，也可含金屬蒸氣。燈泡16係串連通過副線圈22。在本實施例中，第一電極24係連接到副線圈22的接腳，及第二電極26係連接到副線圈22的另一接腳。在本實施例中，操作電容器係串連在副線圈22及第一電極24間，而預熱電容器32係串聯在第一電極24及第二電極26之間。在第二圖中，槽電路48係具有主要線圈18及電容器52。雖未顯示於二圖，槽電器48係經由連接器49連接到反相器46。As previously mentioned, the secondary circuit 14 includes a secondary winding 22 for inductively receiving power from the primary coil 18; a gas discharge lamp 16; an operating capacitor 30 and a preheating capacitor 30. Referring now to the second figure, the gas discharge lamp 16 includes a pair of electrodes 24 and 26 that are separated from each other within the lamp envelope 60. The lamp envelope 60 contains the desired inert gas and, if desired, metal vapor. The bulb 16 is connected in series through the secondary coil 22. In the present embodiment, the first electrode 24 is connected to the pin of the secondary coil 22, and the second electrode 26 is connected to the other pin of the secondary coil 22. In the present embodiment, the operating capacitor is connected in series between the secondary coil 22 and the first electrode 24, and the preheating capacitor 32 is connected in series between the first electrode 24 and the second electrode 26. In the second figure, the slot circuit 48 has a primary coil 18 and a capacitor 52. Although not shown in the second figure, the slot unit 48 is connected via the connector 49.Connected to inverter 46.
系統10的操作係參照第三圖加以描述。該方法通常包含在預熱頻下施加100動力到副電路14的步驟。預熱頻係加以選擇的，使通過燈泡的電流通道之電阻，大於通過預熱電容器32之電通道的電阻。在一實施例中，藉由在預熱頻下(大約相等於操作電容器30及預熱電容器32的共振頻，其亦指fs)，施加動力到副電路14，頻率控制器20預熱燈泡16。本實施例之fs的計算公式係述於下文。在預熱頻下，預熱電容器32係充足地調和，而在電極24及26之間提供一直接電連接。這允許電流經由預熱電容器32跨越電極24及26。電流加以預熱電極24及26。系統10持續地供應動力直到電極24及26充份地加以預熱102。預熱階段的操作時間在各種應用中可以加以改變，但，其典型地為一預定之時間，對習知氣體放電燈而言，可能範圍為1-5秒。在預熱之後，控制器20施加104動力到副電路14於操作頻下，其係加以選擇的頻率，使通過燈泡之電通道的電阻，小於經過預熱電容器32之電通道的電阻。在本實施例中，操作頻係大約相等於操作電容器30之共振頻，其係指fo。The operation of system 10 is described with reference to the third figure. The method generally includes the step of applying 100 power to the secondary circuit 14 at a preheat frequency. The preheating frequency is selected such that the resistance of the current path through the bulb is greater than the resistance of the electrical path through the preheat capacitor 32. In one embodiment, by applying power to the secondary circuit 14 at a preheat frequency (approximately equal to the resonant frequency of the operating capacitor 30 and the preheat capacitor 32, which is also referred to as fs), the frequency controller 20 preheats the bulb 16 . The calculation formula of fs of this embodiment is described below. At the preheat frequency, the preheat capacitors 32 are sufficiently tuned to provide a direct electrical connection between the electrodes 24 and 26. This allows current to cross electrodes 24 and 26 via preheat capacitor 32. The current is preheated to electrodes 24 and 26. System 10 continues to supply power until electrodes 24 and 26 are fully preheated 102. The operating time of the preheating stage can be varied in various applications, but it is typically a predetermined time, which may range from 1-5 seconds for conventional gas discharge lamps. After warming up, controller 20 applies 104 power to sub-circuit 14 at the operating frequency, which is selected at a frequency such that the resistance through the electrical path of the bulb is less than the resistance of the electrical path through preheat capacitor 32. In the present embodiment, the operating frequency is approximately equal to the resonant frequency of the operating capacitor 30, which is referred to as fo.
計算fo的公式係如下述。頻率的改變，造成預熱電容器32變成不一致，結果，造成電流通過燈泡16。雖然頻率的改變並未典型地造成預熱電容器作為開放電路，但其限制通過預熱電容器之足夠量的電流，造成經過氣體放電燈16內氣體的電弧。結果，開關切換到操作頻時，造成在副電路14中所生的電流，係沿著一條經由燈泡殼60內氣體，從一電極24到另一電極26的通道。一開始，這種頻率的改變，將造成燈泡啟動(或激發)，當協調過的預熱電容器允許充足電壓建立而跨過電極24及電極26，造成電流經由氣體形成電弧。在燈泡啟動後，燈泡在操作頻下持續適當地運轉。換句話說，施加到第二電流16的頻率單一改變，造成燈泡從預熱相，經由啟動(或觸發)移到操作相。The formula for calculating fo is as follows. The change in frequency causes the preheat capacitor 32 to become inconsistent, with the result that current is passed through the bulb 16. Although the change in frequency does not typically cause the preheat capacitor to function as an open circuit, it limits the amount of current through the preheat capacitor, causing an arc through the gas within the gas discharge lamp 16. As a result, when the switch is switched to the operating frequency, the current generated in the secondary circuit 14 is caused to follow a path through the gas in the bulb casing 60 from one electrode 24 to the other. Initially, this change in frequency will cause the bulb to start (or fire), and when the coordinated preheat capacitor allows sufficient voltage to build across the electrode 24 and the electrode 26, causing current flow viaThe gas forms an arc. After the lamp is turned on, the lamp continues to operate properly at the operating frequency. In other words, the frequency applied to the second current 16 changes a single, causing the bulb to move from the preheated phase to the operational phase via activation (or triggering).
L=副線圈電感L = secondary coil inductance
C1=操作電容器之電容C1 = capacitance of the operating capacitor
C2=預熱電容器之電容C2=capacitor of preheat capacitor
fs=預熱頻率Fs=preheating frequency
fo=操作頻率Fo=operating frequency
雖然用以決定操作頻及預熱頻的公式產生出具體頻率，”預熱頻”及”操作頻”應分別被由說明書及申請專利範圍加以瞭解，以包含一頻率範圍，其涵蓋所計算的”預熱頻”及”操作頻”。通常來講，系統的效率可能受損，當所得實際頻率遠離計算頻率時。在典型的應用中，所要的實際預熱頻及實際操作頻，係在計算率的一定百分比之內。然而其並無嚴格之限制，較大的變數亦允許，只要電路持續地以可接受的頻率加以運作。對許多應用而言，預熱頻係大約操作頻的兩倍。主要電路12可持續地施加動力到副電路14，直到106連續的氣體放電燈16再也不需要時為止。Although the formula used to determine the operating frequency and preheating frequency produces a specific frequency, the "preheating frequency" and "operating frequency" should be understood by the specification and the scope of the patent application, respectively, to include a frequency range that covers the calculated "Preheating frequency" and "operating frequency". In general, the efficiency of the system may be compromised when the resulting actual frequency is far from the calculated frequency. In a typical application, the actual preheat frequency and actual operating frequency required are within a certain percentage of the calculation rate. However, there are no strict limits, and larger variables allow for the circuit to continue to operate at an acceptable frequency. For many applications, the preheating frequency is approximately twice the operating frequency. The primary circuit 12 can continuously apply power to the secondary circuit 14 until 106 consecutive gas discharge lamps 16 are no longer needed.
需要時，主要電路12’可加以構形，以便具有可選擇的可調節共振，進而，主要電路12’可於預熱頻及操作頻下加以操作。在一併入本功能之實施例中，主要電路12’可包含一可變電容槽電路48’(見第四圖)，其允許電容槽電路48’的共振頻為選擇性地被調節，以匹配預熱頻及操作頻。第四圖示出簡單電路，其用於改變槽電路48’的電容。在所示的實施例中，槽電路48’包含一槽操作電容器52a’，連接在主要線圈18’及接地之間，平行於槽操作電容器52a’。這轉移線包含一開關53’，其可選擇地加以操作以打開轉換線，進而有效地從槽電路48’轉移成槽預熱電容器52b’。開關53’的操作可藉由頻率控制器20加以控制，例如，由微控制器40，或由分離的控制器加以控制。開關53可為基本地任何電開關，如一繼電器，FET，Triac或一慣用的AC開關裝置。The main circuit 12' can be configured to have selectable adjustable resonances as desired, and the main circuit 12' can be operated at preheat and operating frequencies. In an embodiment incorporating this functionality, primary circuit 12' may include a variable capacitance slot circuit 48' (see fourth figure) that allows the resonant frequency of capacitive tank circuit 48' to be selectively modulatedSection to match the preheat frequency and operating frequency. The fourth figure shows a simple circuit for changing the capacitance of the slot circuit 48'. In the illustrated embodiment, the slot circuit 48' includes a slot operating capacitor 52a' coupled between the primary coil 18' and ground for operation capacitor 52a' in parallel with the slot. The transfer line includes a switch 53' that is selectively operable to open the conversion line to effectively transfer from the slot circuit 48' to the slot preheat capacitor 52b'. The operation of switch 53' can be controlled by frequency controller 20, for example, by microcontroller 40, or by a separate controller. Switch 53 can be any substantially electrical switch, such as a relay, FET, Triac or a conventional AC switch device.
本變型的操作係通常參照第五圖加以描述。主要電路12’調節200槽電路48’的共振頻率，使大約相等於預熱頻。然後，主要電路12’在預熱頻下，提供動力202到副電路。主要電路12’持續供應動力到副電路於預熱頻下，直到電極24及26已經充足地預熱204。一旦電極係充足地預熱，主要電路12’調節206槽電路48’的共振頻，而大約相等於操作頻。主要電路12’切轉其操作的頻率，以便在操作頻下，供應208動力到副電路14’。主要電路12’可持續供應動力，直到再也不需要210。系統10也可包含錯誤邏輯，其在錯誤條件發生時(如，燈泡燒壞或已被移除，或有短路時)，中止操作。The operation of this variant is generally described with reference to the fifth figure. The primary circuit 12' adjusts the resonant frequency of the 200-slot circuit 48' to be approximately equal to the pre-heating frequency. Main circuit 12' then provides power 202 to the secondary circuit at a preheat frequency. The primary circuit 12' continues to supply power to the secondary circuit at the preheat frequency until the electrodes 24 and 26 have sufficiently warmed up 204. Once the electrode system is sufficiently warmed up, the primary circuit 12' adjusts the resonant frequency of the 206-slot circuit 48' to be approximately equal to the operating frequency. The primary circuit 12' switches the frequency of its operation so that at the operating frequency, the supply 208 is powered to the secondary circuit 14'. The main circuit 12' can continue to supply power until 210 is no longer needed. System 10 can also include error logic that aborts operation when an error condition occurs (eg, when the bulb is burned out or has been removed, or if there is a short circuit).
藉由並聯及串聯電容次電路之使用，多種可選用的電容係可供實施。例如，第六圖示出一可選用的槽電路12”，其中槽預熱電容器52b”係串連到槽操作電容器52a”，但一切換線係被包含在內，以便藉由開關53”之操作，縮短圍在預熱電容器52a”電路，因而有效地從電路中移除預熱電容器52b”。A variety of optional capacitors are available for implementation by parallel and series capacitor subcircuits. For example, the sixth figure shows an optional tank circuit 12" in which the tank preheat capacitor 52b" is serially coupled to the tank operating capacitor 52a", but a switching line is included to enable the switch 53" Operation, shortening the circuit surrounding the preheat capacitor 52a", thereby effectively removing the preheat capacitor 52b" from the circuit.
雖然係相關於可變電容槽電路48’來進行描述，本發明係延伸到其他可在預熱及操作模式之間，從槽電路48’改變為槽電路電容器52b’的任何方法。例如，主要電路可包含可變電感。在這個可選用者中(未示)，槽電路可包含可變感應器及控制器，以便選擇性地加以控制可變感應器的電感。另一實例中(未示)，槽電路可包含多數個感應器，其可用相常相似於前述相關於可變電容槽電路之方法，加以切換進出電路。Although described in relation to variable capacitance slot circuit 48', the present invention extends to other variations between preheating and mode of operation, from slot circuit 48' to slot circuit capacitance.Any method of the device 52b'. For example, the primary circuit can include a variable inductance. In this alternative (not shown), the slot circuit can include a variable inductor and controller to selectively control the inductance of the variable inductor. In another example (not shown), the slot circuit can include a plurality of inductors that can be switched into and out of the circuit in a manner similar to that described above with respect to the variable capacitance slot circuit.
前述之描述係本發明目前的實施例。多種改變及變型係可加以製出而不離開本發明之精神及較大觀點，其係如申請專利範圍中所界定，而由專利法原理，包含均等論，加以解釋。任何宣稱元件為單數之指意，如冠詞a，an，the，或said，不得解釋其限制元件為單數。The foregoing description is of the current embodiment of the invention. A variety of changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined by the scope of the patent application, and by the principles of patent law, including the same. Any indication that a component is singular, such as the article a, an, the, or said, shall not be construed as limiting the element to the singular.
10‧‧‧氣體放電燈系統10‧‧‧ gas discharge lamp system
12‧‧‧主要電路12‧‧‧ main circuit
12’‧‧‧主要電路12’‧‧‧ main circuit
14‧‧‧副電路14‧‧‧Subcircuit
16‧‧‧氣體放電燈16‧‧‧ gas discharge lamp
18‧‧‧主要線圈18‧‧‧ main coil
18’‧‧‧主要線圈18’‧‧‧ main coil
20‧‧‧控制器20‧‧‧ Controller
22‧‧‧副線圈22‧‧‧second coil
24‧‧‧燈泡電極24‧‧‧ bulb electrode
26‧‧‧燈泡電極26‧‧‧ bulb electrode
30‧‧‧操作電容器30‧‧‧Operating capacitor
32‧‧‧預熱電容器32‧‧‧Preheat capacitor
40‧‧‧微控制器40‧‧‧Microcontroller
42‧‧‧振盪器42‧‧‧Oscillator
44‧‧‧驅動器44‧‧‧ drive
46‧‧‧反相器46‧‧‧Inverter
48‧‧‧槽電路48‧‧‧Slot circuit
48’‧‧‧電容槽電路48'‧‧‧Capacitor Slot Circuit
49‧‧‧連接器49‧‧‧Connector
50‧‧‧DC(直流電)動力源50‧‧‧DC (DC) power source
52‧‧‧電容器52‧‧‧ capacitor
52a’‧‧‧電容器52a’‧‧‧ Capacitors
52b’‧‧‧槽預熱電容器52b’‧‧‧Slot preheat capacitor
53’‧‧‧開關53’‧‧‧Switch
60‧‧‧燈殼60‧‧‧ lamp shell
第一圖係本發明一實施例之氣體放電燈系統之示意圖；第二圖係副電路及槽電路的電路圖；第三圖係一流程圖，顯示用於起動及操作氣體放電燈方法的通常步驟；第四圖係另一槽電路的電路圖；第五圖係一流程圖，顯示用於起動及操作氣體放電燈方法的通常步驟；第六圖係第二可選之槽電路的電路圖。1 is a schematic view of a gas discharge lamp system according to an embodiment of the present invention; a second diagram is a circuit diagram of a sub-circuit and a slot circuit; and a third diagram is a flow chart showing a general procedure for starting and operating a gas discharge lamp method The fourth diagram is a circuit diagram of another slot circuit; the fifth diagram is a flowchart showing the usual steps for starting and operating the gas discharge lamp method; and the sixth diagram is a circuit diagram of the second optional slot circuit.
10‧‧‧氣體放電燈系統10‧‧‧ gas discharge lamp system
12‧‧‧主要電路12‧‧‧ main circuit
14‧‧‧副電路14‧‧‧Subcircuit
16‧‧‧氣體放電燈16‧‧‧ gas discharge lamp
18‧‧‧主要線圈18‧‧‧ main coil
20‧‧‧控制器20‧‧‧ Controller
22‧‧‧副線圈22‧‧‧second coil
40‧‧‧微控制器40‧‧‧Microcontroller
42‧‧‧振盪器42‧‧‧Oscillator
44‧‧‧驅動器44‧‧‧ drive
46‧‧‧反相器46‧‧‧Inverter
48‧‧‧槽電路48‧‧‧Slot circuit
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/620,859US7592753B2 (en) | 1999-06-21 | 2007-01-08 | Inductively-powered gas discharge lamp circuit |
| US11/620,840US7821208B2 (en) | 2007-01-08 | 2007-01-08 | Inductively-powered gas discharge lamp circuit |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200845820A TW200845820A (en) | 2008-11-16 |
| TWI458395Btrue TWI458395B (en) | 2014-10-21 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW096150462ATWI458395B (en) | 2007-01-08 | 2007-12-27 | Inductively-powered gas discharge lamp circuit and system and method of the same |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5497450B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE524054T1 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY147309A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ577899A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2498541C2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI458395B (en) |
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| GD4A | Issue of patent certificate for granted invention patent | ||
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