本發明是有關於一種太陽能電池電極製作設備及其方法。The present invention relates to a solar cell electrode fabrication apparatus and method therefor.
由於石化能源短缺，人們對環保重要性的認知提高。因此，人們近年來不斷地積極研發替代能源與再生能源的相關技術，希望可以減少目前人類對於石化能源的依賴程度以及使用石化能源時對環境帶來的影響。在眾多的替代能源與再生能源的技術中，以太陽能電池(solar cell)最受矚目。原因在於太陽能電池可直接將太陽能轉換成電能，且發電過程中不會產生二氧化碳或氮化物等有害物質，不會對環境造成污染。Due to the shortage of petrochemical energy, people's awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased. Therefore, in recent years, people have been actively researching and developing technologies related to alternative energy and renewable energy, hoping to reduce the current human dependence on petrochemical energy and the environmental impact of using petrochemical energy. Among the many alternative energy and renewable energy technologies, solar cells are attracting the most attention. The reason is that solar cells can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and no harmful substances such as carbon dioxide or nitride are generated during power generation, and the environment is not polluted.
矽是各種半導體產業中最為重要且廣泛使用的電子材料。現今，矽晶圓的生產供應已是相當成熟的技術，再加上矽的能隙適合吸收太陽光，使得矽晶太陽能電池成為目前使用最廣泛的太陽能電池。一般單晶矽或多晶矽太陽電池的構造包含下列幾層：外部電極(Conducting grid)、抗反射層(Anti-reflective layer)、N型與P型半導體層及內部電極(Back contact electrode)。當P型及N型半導體層互相接觸時，N型半導體層內的電子會湧入P型半導體層中，以填補其內的電洞。在P-N接面附近，因電子-電洞的結合形成一個載子空乏區，而P型及N型半導體層中也因分別帶有負、正電荷，因此形成一個內建電場。當太陽光照射到這P-N結構時，P型和N型半導體層因吸收太陽光而產生電子-電洞對。由於空乏區所提供的內建電場，可以讓半導體內所產生的電子在電池內流動，因此若經由電極把電子引出，就可以形成一個完整的太陽能電池。It is the most important and widely used electronic material in various semiconductor industries. Nowadays, the production and supply of silicon wafers is quite mature technology, and the energy gap of germanium is suitable for absorbing sunlight, making twin crystal solar cells the most widely used solar cells. The construction of a general single crystal germanium or polycrystalline germanium solar cell comprises the following layers: a conducting grid, an anti-reflective layer, an N-type and a P-type semiconductor layer, and a back contact electrode. When the P-type and N-type semiconductor layers are in contact with each other, electrons in the N-type semiconductor layer are poured into the P-type semiconductor layer to fill the holes therein. In the vicinity of the P-N junction, a carrier-depleted region is formed by the combination of electron-holes, and the P-type and N-type semiconductor layers also have negative and positive charges, respectively, thereby forming a built-in electric field. When sunlight is applied to the P-N structure, the P-type and N-type semiconductor layers generate electron-hole pairs by absorbing sunlight. Due to the built-in electric field provided by the depletion zone, electrons generated in the semiconductor can flow in the battery, so that if the electrons are taken out through the electrode, a complete solar cell can be formed.
外部電極的材料一般為鎳、銀、鋁、銅及鈀等金屬的各種搭配組合，且為了傳導足夠的電子流量，該電極與基板之間必須要有足夠大的傳導面積。但是，為降低外部電極對於太陽入射光的遮蔽率，外部電極覆蓋於基板上的表面積又必須盡可能地小。因此，對於外部電極的結構設計而言，其必須能夠兼顧低電阻以及低光遮蔽率的特性。是以，目前的外部電極結構主要可分為匯流電極(bus bar)及指狀電極(finger)兩大結構。其中，匯流電極的截面積尺寸大於指狀電極的截面積尺寸。換言之，匯流電極如同樹木的主幹而指狀電極則如同樹木的分枝散布到電池表面各處，因此，電子藉由指狀電極以匯集到匯流電極，並藉由匯流電極以匯出至外部負載。換言之，尺寸較大的匯流電極有助於提高電子流量，而尺寸較小的指狀電極則有助於降低光遮蔽率。The material of the external electrode is generally a combination of various metals such as nickel, silver, aluminum, copper and palladium, and in order to conduct a sufficient electron flow rate, a sufficient conduction area must be provided between the electrode and the substrate. However, in order to reduce the shielding rate of the external electrode to the incident light of the sun, the surface area of the external electrode covering the substrate must be as small as possible. Therefore, for the structural design of the external electrode, it must be able to balance the characteristics of low resistance and low light shielding rate. Therefore, the current external electrode structure can be mainly divided into two major structures: a bus bar and a finger electrode. The cross-sectional area of the bus electrode is larger than the cross-sectional area of the finger electrode. In other words, the bus electrode is like the trunk of the tree and the finger electrode is distributed like a branch of the tree to the surface of the battery. Therefore, the electron is collected by the finger electrode to the bus electrode, and is discharged to the external load by the bus electrode. . In other words, a larger size bus electrode helps to increase the electron flow rate, while a smaller size finger electrode helps to reduce the light shielding rate.
目前形成於基板上之外部電極(包含匯流電極與指狀電極)，皆是藉由網版印刷技術(screen print)印刷於基板上。然而，網版印刷技術對於要印刷出具有較細寬度之指狀電極是有其極限的。因此，在追求更高之光電轉換效率的太陽能電池市場中，以網版印刷技術製作的外部電極的技術將會因為無法降低太陽能電池的光遮蔽率而遭遇到技術瓶頸。The external electrodes (including the bus electrodes and the finger electrodes) currently formed on the substrate are printed on the substrate by screen print. However, screen printing techniques have limits for the printing of finger electrodes having a relatively narrow width. Therefore, in the solar cell market pursuing higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, the technology of external electrodes fabricated by screen printing technology will encounter technical bottlenecks due to the inability to reduce the light shielding rate of solar cells.
為解決習知技術之問題，本發明之一技術樣態是一種太陽能電池電極製作設備，其主要是在製作太陽能電池的過程中，藉由在圖樣滾輪(pattern roll)上所刻出之溝槽對容納於溝槽中之電極材料塑型，進而使得經塑型之電極材料在轉印至太陽能電池之基板上之後，形成外部電極之指狀電極。由於本發明藉由圖樣滾輪上所刻出之溝槽使基板上之指狀電極成形，因此相較於習知採用網版印刷技術所形成之指狀電極，能夠形成更細(寬度更小)以及高長寬比(aspect ratio)之指狀電極。進一步來說，更細之指狀電極於基板上的遮光少，因此可使得基板之受光面積更大，進而使得製作完成之太陽能電池具有較好之電性效果以及更高之光電轉換效率。In order to solve the problems of the prior art, one aspect of the present invention is a solar cell electrode fabrication apparatus, which is mainly used for trenches carved on a pattern roll in the process of fabricating a solar cell. The electrode material accommodated in the groove is shaped, and then the shaped electrode material is transferred onto the substrate of the solar cell to form a finger electrode of the external electrode. Since the present invention shapes the finger electrodes on the substrate by the grooves engraved on the pattern roller, it is possible to form a thinner (smaller width) than the finger electrodes formed by the conventional screen printing technique. And a finger electrode with a high aspect ratio. Further, the thinner finger electrodes have less light shielding on the substrate, so that the light receiving area of the substrate can be made larger, so that the completed solar cell has better electrical effects and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.
根據本發明一實施方式，一種太陽能電池電極製作設備用以於基板上形成複數個指狀電極。至少一匯流電極位於於基板上。太陽能電池電極製作設備包含有圖樣滾輪以及轉印滾輪。圖樣滾輪包含有複數個溝槽。溝槽用以容納電極材料。並且，溝槽大體上相互平行。轉印滾輪可相對圖樣滾輪滾動，致使電極材料由溝槽中分離而附著至轉印滾輪上。轉印滾輪亦可相對基板滾動，致使經附著之電極材料隨即由轉印滾輪轉印至基板上以形成指狀電極。其中，每一指狀電極皆對應一溝槽，並且指狀電極與匯流電極大體上垂直。According to an embodiment of the invention, a solar cell electrode fabrication apparatus is used to form a plurality of finger electrodes on a substrate. At least one bus electrode is located on the substrate. The solar cell electrode making apparatus includes a pattern roller and a transfer roller. The pattern wheel contains a plurality of grooves. The trench is used to accommodate the electrode material. Also, the grooves are substantially parallel to each other. The transfer roller can roll relative to the pattern roller, causing the electrode material to be separated from the groove and attached to the transfer roller. The transfer roller can also roll relative to the substrate such that the attached electrode material is then transferred by the transfer roller onto the substrate to form a finger electrode. Wherein each of the finger electrodes corresponds to a trench, and the finger electrodes are substantially perpendicular to the bus electrodes.
本發明之另一技術樣態是一種太陽能電池電極製作方法。Another aspect of the present invention is a method of fabricating a solar cell electrode.
根據本發明另一實施方式，一種太陽能電池電極製作方法用以於基板上形成外部電極。外部電極包含至少一匯流電極以及複數個指狀電極。太陽能電池電極製作方法包含下列步驟。以網版印刷技術於基板上印刷至少匯流電極。以圖樣滾輪所包含之複數個溝槽容納電極材料，其中溝槽大體上相互平行。使圖樣滾輪相對轉印滾輪滾動，致使電極材料由溝槽中分離而附著至轉印滾輪上。使轉印滾輪相對基板滾動，致使經附著之電極材料由轉印滾輪轉印至基板上以形成指狀電極，其中每一指狀電極皆對應一溝槽，並且指狀電極與匯流電極大體上垂直。According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method of fabricating a solar cell electrode is used to form an external electrode on a substrate. The external electrode includes at least one bus electrode and a plurality of finger electrodes. The solar cell electrode fabrication method comprises the following steps. At least the bus electrodes are printed on the substrate by screen printing techniques. The plurality of grooves included in the pattern roller accommodate the electrode material, wherein the grooves are substantially parallel to each other. The pattern roller is caused to roll relative to the transfer roller, so that the electrode material is separated from the groove and adhered to the transfer roller. Rolling the transfer roller relative to the substrate, causing the attached electrode material to be transferred onto the substrate by the transfer roller to form a finger electrode, wherein each of the finger electrodes corresponds to a groove, and the finger electrode and the bus electrode are substantially vertical.
以下將以圖式揭露本發明之複數個實施方式，為明確說明起見，許多實務上的細節將在以下敘述中一併說明。然而，應瞭解到，這些實務上的細節不應用以限制本發明。也就是說，在本發明部分實施方式中，這些實務上的細節是非必要的。此外，為簡化圖式起見，一些習知慣用的結構與元件在圖式中將以簡單示意的方式繪示之。The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the following drawings, and the details of However, it should be understood that these practical details are not intended to limit the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, these practical details are not necessary. In addition, some of the conventional structures and elements are shown in the drawings in a simplified schematic manner in order to simplify the drawings.
本發明之一技術態樣是一種太陽能電池電極製作設備。更具體地說，其主要是在製作太陽能電池的過程中，藉由在圖樣滾輪上所刻出之溝槽對容納於溝槽中之電極材料塑型，進而使得經塑型之電極材料在轉印至太陽能電池之基板上之後，形成外部電極之指狀電極。由於本發明藉由圖樣滾輪上所刻出之溝槽使基板上之指狀電極成形，因此相較於習知採用網版印刷技術所形成之指狀電極，能夠形成更細(寬度更小)以及高長寬比之指狀電極。進一步來說，更細之指狀電極於基板上的遮光少，因此可使得基板之受光面積更大，進而使得製作完成之太陽能電池具有較好之電性效果以及更高之光電轉換效率。One aspect of the present invention is a solar cell electrode fabrication apparatus. More specifically, in the process of fabricating a solar cell, the electrode material contained in the trench is shaped by a groove engraved on the pattern roller, thereby causing the molded electrode material to be rotated. After being printed on the substrate of the solar cell, a finger electrode of the external electrode is formed. Since the present invention shapes the finger electrodes on the substrate by the grooves engraved on the pattern roller, it is possible to form a thinner (smaller width) than the finger electrodes formed by the conventional screen printing technique. And a finger electrode with a high aspect ratio. Further, the thinner finger electrodes have less light shielding on the substrate, so that the light receiving area of the substrate can be made larger, so that the completed solar cell has better electrical effects and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.
請參照第1A圖以及第1B圖。第1A圖為繪示依照本發明一實施方式之太陽能電池電極製作設備1於基板30上製作指狀電極34b的側視圖。第1B圖為繪示第1A圖中之圖樣滾輪10的立體視圖。Please refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B. FIG. 1A is a side view showing the fabrication of the finger electrodes 34b on the substrate 30 by the solar cell electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing the pattern roller 10 in FIG. 1A.
如第1A圖與第1B圖所示，本實施方式之太陽能電池電極製作設備1主要可用來於太陽能電池3之基板30上形成複數個指狀電極34b。太陽能電池電極製作設備1主要可包含有圖樣滾輪10以及轉印滾輪12。太陽能電池電極製作設備1之圖樣滾輪10可包含有複數個溝槽100。圖樣滾輪10之溝槽100可用來容納電極材料34a。並且，圖樣滾輪10上的溝槽100大體上兩兩相互平行。太陽能電池電極製作設備1之轉印滾輪12可與圖樣滾輪10接觸，並相對圖樣滾輪10滾動，致使容納於圖樣滾輪10之溝槽100中之電極材料34a在與轉印滾輪12接觸時，可由溝槽100中分離而附著至轉印滾輪12的外表面上。同樣地，太陽能電池電極製作設備1之轉印滾輪12亦可與基板30接觸，並相對基板30滾動，致使附著於轉印滾輪12之外表面的電極材料34a隨即由轉印滾輪12轉印至基板30上以形成指狀電極34b。其中，每一指狀電極34b皆由一對應之溝槽100所形成。As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the solar cell electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can be mainly used to form a plurality of finger electrodes 34b on the substrate 30 of the solar cell 3. The solar cell electrode making apparatus 1 mainly includes a pattern roller 10 and a transfer roller 12. The pattern roller 10 of the solar cell electrode fabrication apparatus 1 may include a plurality of trenches 100. The trench 100 of the pattern roller 10 can be used to accommodate the electrode material 34a. Also, the grooves 100 on the pattern roller 10 are substantially parallel to each other. The transfer roller 12 of the solar cell electrode making apparatus 1 can be in contact with the pattern roller 10 and roll relative to the pattern roller 10, so that the electrode material 34a accommodated in the groove 100 of the pattern roller 10 can be contacted with the transfer roller 12 The groove 100 is separated and adhered to the outer surface of the transfer roller 12. Similarly, the transfer roller 12 of the solar cell electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 can also be in contact with the substrate 30 and roll with respect to the substrate 30, so that the electrode material 34a attached to the outer surface of the transfer roller 12 is then transferred by the transfer roller 12 to A finger electrode 34b is formed on the substrate 30. Each of the finger electrodes 34b is formed by a corresponding trench 100.
請參照第2A圖以及第2B圖。第2A圖為繪示第1A圖中之太陽能電池3的局部示意圖。第2B圖為繪示第2A圖中之太陽能電池3的局部放大圖。Please refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B. FIG. 2A is a partial schematic view showing the solar cell 3 in FIG. 1A. Fig. 2B is a partially enlarged view showing the solar cell 3 in Fig. 2A.
如第2A圖與第2B圖所示，太陽能電池3可包含至少一匯流電極32。於本實施方式中，在製作太陽能電池3之外部電極時，太陽能電池3之匯流電極32可先藉由網版印刷技術形成於基板30上。接著，太陽能電池3之指狀電極34b再藉由本發明之太陽能電池電極製作設備1轉印至基板30上，並與匯流電極32交疊。藉此，太陽能電池3之匯流電極32與指狀電極34b即可相互電性連接。其中，太陽能電池3之指狀電極34b與匯流電極32大體上垂直。As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the solar cell 3 may include at least one bus electrode 32. In the present embodiment, when the external electrode of the solar cell 3 is fabricated, the bus electrode 32 of the solar cell 3 can be first formed on the substrate 30 by a screen printing technique. Next, the finger electrode 34b of the solar cell 3 is transferred onto the substrate 30 by the solar cell electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present invention, and overlaps with the bus electrode 32. Thereby, the bus electrode 32 of the solar cell 3 and the finger electrode 34b can be electrically connected to each other. The finger electrode 34b of the solar cell 3 is substantially perpendicular to the bus electrode 32.
請參照第3A圖、第3B圖以及第4圖。第3A圖為繪示第1A圖中之圖樣滾輪10之另一實施方式的立體視圖。第3B圖為繪示第3A圖中之圖樣滾輪50的局部放大圖。第4圖為繪示第2B圖中之太陽能電池3之另一實施方式的局部放大圖。Please refer to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the pattern roller 10 in FIG. 1A. FIG. 3B is a partial enlarged view showing the pattern roller 50 in FIG. 3A. Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the solar cell 3 in Fig. 2B.
如第3A圖與第3B圖所示，於本實施方式之圖樣滾輪50中，圖樣滾輪50上之溝槽500包含複數個斷開部502。具體來說，相較於第1B圖中之圖樣滾輪10上的每一溝槽100皆為完整無斷開之樣態，而本實施方式之圖樣滾輪50上的每一溝槽500皆為包含有兩個斷開部502的樣態，如第3A圖所示。然而，於一實施方式中，圖樣滾輪50上的溝槽500所包含之斷開部502的數量並不以第3A圖為限，可依據設計上的需求或製造上的限制等因素而彈性地調整與改變。As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, in the pattern roller 50 of the present embodiment, the groove 500 on the pattern roller 50 includes a plurality of disconnecting portions 502. Specifically, each of the grooves 100 on the pattern roller 10 in FIG. 1B is completely unbroken, and each groove 500 on the pattern roller 50 of the present embodiment includes There are two ways of breaking the portion 502, as shown in Figure 3A. However, in an embodiment, the number of the breaking portions 502 included in the groove 500 on the pattern roller 50 is not limited to the third drawing, and may be elastically determined according to factors such as design requirements or manufacturing constraints. Adjustments and changes.
如第3B圖與第4圖所示，於本實施方式中，藉由在第3A圖之圖樣滾輪50上的溝槽500設置斷開部502，可以於本發明之太陽能電池電極製作設備1在基板30上轉印並成形指狀電極74b時，使得指狀電極74b包含複數個缺口74c，並且每一缺口74皆由一對應之斷開部502所形成。由於本發明是藉由轉印之方式製作指狀電極74b，因此指狀電極74b每一缺口74c之寬度WO必然會與其所對應之斷開部502的寬度WS相等。As shown in FIG. 3B and FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the solar cell electrode manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present invention can be provided by providing the opening portion 502 in the groove 500 on the pattern roller 50 of FIG. When the finger electrode 74b is transferred and formed on the substrate 30, the finger electrode 74b includes a plurality of notches 74c, and each of the notches 74 is formed by a corresponding breaking portion 502. Since the finger electrode 74b is formed by transfer in the present invention, the width WO of each of the notches 74c of the finger electrodes 74b is necessarily equal to the width WS of the breaking portion 502 corresponding thereto.
此外，如第4圖所示，於本實施方式中，每一指狀電極74b之缺口74c皆恰好位於匯流電極32的上方。由於太陽能電池3之匯流電極32必須與指狀電極74b電性連接，因此每一指狀電極74b之缺口74c的寬度WO皆小於匯流電極32之寬度WB。由此可知，由於每一缺口74c之寬度WO與其所對應之斷開部502的寬度WS相等，因此在刻出本實施方式之圖樣滾輪50上的溝槽500時，必須使得每一斷開部502的寬度WS皆小於匯流電極32之寬度WB。藉此，才能使得具有缺口74c之指狀電極74b在其缺口74c恰好位於匯流電極32上的情況下，仍然可與匯流電極32相互搭接。Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the notch 74c of each of the finger electrodes 74b is located just above the bus electrode 32. Since the bus electrode 32 of the solar cell 3 must be electrically connected to the finger electrode 74b, the width WO of the notch 74c of each of the finger electrodes 74b is smaller than the width WB of the bus electrode 32. Therefore, since the width WO of each of the notches 74c is equal to the width WS of the corresponding breaking portion 502, when the groove 500 on the pattern roller 50 of the present embodiment is engraved, each breaking portion must be made. The width WS of 502 is smaller than the width WB of the bus electrode 32. Thereby, the finger electrode 74b having the notch 74c can still be overlapped with the bus electrode 32 in the case where the notch 74c is located on the bus electrode 32.
相較於藉由第1B圖之圖樣滾輪100所製作之指狀電極34b(如第2B圖所示為完整無斷開之樣態)，藉由第3A圖之圖樣滾輪50所製作之具有缺口74c且缺口74c恰好位於匯流電極32上的指狀電極74b(如第4圖所示)，其與匯流電極32搭接的部份較少(亦即，指狀電極74b與匯流電極32重疊的部份較少)，因此在基板30上由匯流電極32與指狀電極74b所組成之外部電極，整體來看會比第2B圖中匯流電極32與指狀電極34b所組成之外部電極更為平坦。因此，在太陽能電池3後續之焊接製程中，藉由第3A圖之圖樣滾輪50所製作之較為平坦的外部電極，可以承受更大的焊接操作範圍。換言之，較為平坦的外部電極於後續進行銅帶鍍錫(ribbon tabbing)的程序時，比較不易發生焊接問題。例如，焊接之後匯流電極32進行剝離測試(peeling test)時的斷裂問題。Compared with the finger electrode 34b made by the pattern roller 100 of FIG. 1B (as shown in FIG. 2B, the complete unopened state), the groove 50 made by the pattern roller of FIG. 3A has a gap. 74c and the notch 74c is located just above the finger electrode 74b on the bus electrode 32 (as shown in FIG. 4), and the portion overlapping the bus electrode 32 is less (that is, the finger electrode 74b overlaps the bus electrode 32). The part is less), so the external electrode composed of the bus electrode 32 and the finger electrode 74b on the substrate 30 as a whole is more than the external electrode composed of the bus electrode 32 and the finger electrode 34b in FIG. 2B. flat. Therefore, in the subsequent soldering process of the solar cell 3, the relatively flat external electrode made by the pattern roller 50 of FIG. 3A can withstand a larger welding operation range. In other words, the relatively flat external electrode is less prone to soldering problems when the copper tabbing process is subsequently performed. For example, the problem of fracture when the bus electrode 32 is subjected to a peeling test after soldering.
請參照第5圖。第5圖為繪示第2B圖中之太陽能電池3之再一實施方式的局部放大圖。Please refer to Figure 5. Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing still another embodiment of the solar cell 3 in Fig. 2B.
如第5圖所示，於本實施方式中，同樣為了達到在基板30上獲得較為平坦之外部電極的目的，太陽能電池3之匯流電極92也可進一步包含有本體部92a以及複數個突出部92b。其中，太陽能電池3之每一指狀電極74b的寬度WF皆可小於匯流電極92任一突出部92b之寬度WP，並且匯流電極92之每一突出部92b之寬度WP皆可小於本體部92a之寬度WM。由於本發明是藉由轉印之方式製作太陽能電池3之指狀電極74b，因此每一指狀電極74b之寬度WF必然會與其所對應之溝槽500的寬度WG相等。換言之，圖樣滾輪50之每一溝槽500的寬度WG皆可小於匯流電極92任一突出部92b之寬度WP，並且匯流電極92之每一突出部92b的寬度WP皆可小於本體部92a之寬度WM。As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the bus electrode 92 of the solar cell 3 may further include a body portion 92a and a plurality of protrusions 92b for the purpose of obtaining a relatively flat external electrode on the substrate 30. . The width WF of each of the finger electrodes 74b of the solar cell 3 may be smaller than the width WP of any of the protrusions 92b of the bus electrode 92, and the width WP of each of the protrusions 92b of the bus electrode 92 may be smaller than that of the body portion 92a. Width WM. Since the present invention is to form the finger electrodes 74b of the solar cell 3 by transfer, the width WF of each of the finger electrodes 74b is necessarily equal to the width WG of the groove 500 corresponding thereto. In other words, the width WG of each of the grooves 500 of the pattern roller 50 may be smaller than the width WP of any of the protrusions 92b of the bus electrode 92, and the width WP of each of the protrusions 92b of the bus electrode 92 may be smaller than the width of the body portion 92a. WM.
另外，於本實施方式中，匯流電極92之每一突出部92b皆可與本體部92a垂直。在此條件下，若要達到使指狀電極74b搭接匯流電極92的目的，指狀電極74b之任一缺口74c之寬度WO必須小於該缺口74c之間之突出部92b之長度LP與本體部92a之寬度WM之和。換言之，於本實施方式之圖樣滾輪50上對應該缺口74c之斷開部502的寬度WS也必須小於該缺口74c之間之突出部92b之長度LP與本體部92a之寬度WM之和，如第5圖所示。In addition, in the present embodiment, each of the protruding portions 92b of the bus electrode 92 may be perpendicular to the body portion 92a. Under this condition, in order to achieve the purpose of overlapping the finger electrodes 74b with the bus electrodes 92, the width WO of any of the notches 74c of the finger electrodes 74b must be smaller than the length LP of the protrusions 92b between the notches 74c and the body portion. The sum of the widths WM of 92a. In other words, the width WS of the breaking portion 502 corresponding to the notch 74c in the pattern roller 50 of the present embodiment must also be smaller than the sum of the length LP of the protruding portion 92b between the notch 74c and the width WM of the body portion 92a, as described in Figure 5 shows.
本發明之另一技術樣態是一種太陽能電池電極製作方法。Another aspect of the present invention is a method of fabricating a solar cell electrode.
根據本發明另一實施方式，一種太陽能電池電極製作方法用以於基板上形成外部電極。外部電極包含至少一匯流電極以及複數個指狀電極。太陽能電池電極製作方法包含下列步驟。以網版印刷技術於基板上印刷至少匯流電極。以圖樣滾輪所包含之複數個溝槽容納電極材料，其中溝槽大體上相互平行。使圖樣滾輪相對轉印滾輪滾動，致使電極材料由溝槽中分離而附著至轉印滾輪上。使轉印滾輪相對基板滾動，致使經附著之電極材料由轉印滾輪轉印至基板上以形成指狀電極，其中每一指狀電極皆對應一溝槽，並且指狀電極與匯流電極大體上垂直。According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method of fabricating a solar cell electrode is used to form an external electrode on a substrate. The external electrode includes at least one bus electrode and a plurality of finger electrodes. The solar cell electrode fabrication method comprises the following steps. At least the bus electrodes are printed on the substrate by screen printing techniques. The plurality of grooves included in the pattern roller accommodate the electrode material, wherein the grooves are substantially parallel to each other. The pattern roller is caused to roll relative to the transfer roller, so that the electrode material is separated from the groove and adhered to the transfer roller. Rolling the transfer roller relative to the substrate, causing the attached electrode material to be transferred onto the substrate by the transfer roller to form a finger electrode, wherein each of the finger electrodes corresponds to a groove, and the finger electrode and the bus electrode are substantially vertical.
由以上對於本發明之具體實施例之詳述，可以明顯地看出，本發明之太陽能電池電極製作設備及其方法，主要是在製作太陽能電池的過程中，藉由在圖樣滾輪上所刻出之溝槽對容納於溝槽中之電極材料塑型，進而使得經塑型之電極材料在轉印至太陽能電池之基板上之後，形成外部電極之指狀電極。由於本發明藉由圖樣滾輪上所刻出之溝槽使基板上之指狀電極成形，因此相較於習知採用網版印刷技術所形成之指狀電極，能夠形成更細(寬度更小)以及高長寬比之指狀電極。進一步來說，更細之指狀電極於基板上的遮光少，因此可使得基板之受光面積更大，進而使得製作完成之太陽能電池具有較好之電性效果以及更高之光電轉換效率。From the above detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention, it can be clearly seen that the solar cell electrode manufacturing apparatus and method thereof of the present invention are mainly carved out on the pattern wheel during the process of fabricating the solar cell. The groove shapes the electrode material accommodated in the groove, so that the shaped electrode material forms a finger electrode of the external electrode after being transferred onto the substrate of the solar cell. Since the present invention shapes the finger electrodes on the substrate by the grooves engraved on the pattern roller, it is possible to form a thinner (smaller width) than the finger electrodes formed by the conventional screen printing technique. And a finger electrode with a high aspect ratio. Further, the thinner finger electrodes have less light shielding on the substrate, so that the light receiving area of the substrate can be made larger, so that the completed solar cell has better electrical effects and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention can be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached.
1．．．太陽能電池電極製作設備1. . . Solar cell electrode making equipment
10、50．．．圖樣滾輪10, 50. . . Pattern wheel
100、500．．．溝槽100, 500. . . Trench
12．．．轉印滾輪12. . . Transfer roller
3．．．太陽能電池3. . . Solar battery
30．．．基板30. . . Substrate
32、92．．．匯流電極32, 92. . . Bus electrode
34a．．．電極材料34a. . . Electrode material
34b、74b．．．指狀電極34b, 74b. . . Finger electrode
502．．．斷開部502. . . Disconnect
74c．．．缺口74c. . . gap
92a．．．本體部92a. . . Body part
92b．．．突出部92b. . . Protruding
LP．．．突出部之長度LP. . . Length of the protrusion
WB．．．匯流電極之寬度WB. . . Width of the bus electrode
WO．．．缺口之寬度WO. . . Width of the gap
WG．．．溝槽之寬度WG. . . Width of the groove
WF．．．指狀電極之寬度WF. . . Finger electrode width
WM．．．本體部之寬度WM. . . Width of the body
WO．．．缺口之寬度WO. . . Width of the gap
WP．．．突出部之寬度WP. . . Width of the protrusion
WS．．．斷開部之寬度WS. . . Width of the disconnection
第1A圖為繪示依照本發明一實施方式之太陽能電池電極製作設備於基板上製作指狀電極的側視圖。FIG. 1A is a side view showing the fabrication of a finger electrode on a substrate of a solar cell electrode fabrication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第1B圖為繪示第1A圖中之圖樣滾輪的立體視圖。FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing the pattern roller in FIG. 1A.
第2A圖為繪示第1A圖中之太陽能電池的局部示意圖。FIG. 2A is a partial schematic view showing the solar cell in FIG. 1A.
第2B圖為繪示第2A圖中之太陽能電池的局部放大圖。FIG. 2B is a partial enlarged view showing the solar cell in FIG. 2A.
第3A圖為繪示第1A圖中之圖樣滾輪之另一實施方式的立體視圖。FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the pattern roller in FIG. 1A.
第3B圖為繪示第3A圖中之圖樣滾輪的局部放大圖。FIG. 3B is a partial enlarged view showing the pattern roller in FIG. 3A.
第4圖為繪示第2B圖中之太陽能電池之另一實施方式的局部放大圖。Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the solar cell of Fig. 2B.
第5圖為繪示第2B圖中之太陽能電池之再一實施方式的局部放大圖。Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing still another embodiment of the solar cell of Fig. 2B.
50．．．圖樣滾輪50. . . Pattern wheel
500．．．溝槽500. . . Trench
502．．．斷開部502. . . Disconnect
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100108127ATWI415284B (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-03-10 | Solar cell electrode making device and method thereof |
| KR1020110061953AKR101239910B1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-06-24 | Solar cell electrode manufacturing equipment |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100108127ATWI415284B (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-03-10 | Solar cell electrode making device and method thereof |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201238071A TW201238071A (en) | 2012-09-16 |
| TWI415284Btrue TWI415284B (en) | 2013-11-11 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100108127ATWI415284B (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-03-10 | Solar cell electrode making device and method thereof |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR101239910B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI415284B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200710562A (en)* | 2005-06-02 | 2007-03-16 | Univ Illinois | Pattern transfer printing by kinetic control of adhesion to an elastomeric stamp |
| TW200828606A (en)* | 2006-12-01 | 2008-07-01 | Applied Materials Inc | Electroplating on roll-to-roll flexible solar cell substrates |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100904694B1 (en)* | 2007-11-15 | 2009-06-29 | (주)티에스티아이테크 | Manufacturing apparatus and method of master roll, and electrode formation method of display device using same |
| KR20110024734A (en)* | 2009-09-03 | 2011-03-09 | 미리넷솔라 주식회사 | Solar cell electrode manufacturing method |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TW200710562A (en)* | 2005-06-02 | 2007-03-16 | Univ Illinois | Pattern transfer printing by kinetic control of adhesion to an elastomeric stamp |
| TW200828606A (en)* | 2006-12-01 | 2008-07-01 | Applied Materials Inc | Electroplating on roll-to-roll flexible solar cell substrates |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101239910B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| TW201238071A (en) | 2012-09-16 |
| KR20120103393A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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