!315162 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 性的有機電致 本發明係有關於一種具有較佳視野角度特 發光裝置。. 【先前技術】 典型的有機電致發光裝置係具有—發光特性之有機薄膜 配置於兩電極層（陽極、陰極）之間，該有機薄膜係内含可經 由外加電壓發光的發光材料。該有機薄膜之外並非設於裝置的 最外層，-般在該有機薄膜之外會設有數層薄膜例如透明電 極、上蓋層（capping layer)以及透明保護層（transparent315162 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a special light-emitting device having a preferred viewing angle. [Prior Art] A typical organic electroluminescence device has an organic film having a light-emitting property disposed between two electrode layers (anode, cathode) containing a light-emitting material which can emit light by an applied voltage. The organic film is not disposed outside the outermost layer of the device, and a plurality of films such as a transparent electrode, a capping layer, and a transparent protective layer (transparent) are generally provided outside the organic film.
Passivation layer)等。因此，在習用之有機電致發光裝置 中，該有機薄膜產生的光要到達一觀察者的眼睛前，必須通過 上述設於該有機薄膜外的多層薄膜。然而，光經過多層薄膜之 後，會因分光（因各波長之折射率不同）、聚光（多層膜或布 拉格反射膜）而造成使用者在不同角度觀察會得到不同光強度 及色差（color shift)之結果。這將使得該習用有機電致發光 裝置之視野角度變小，而導致其應用受限制。 因此，在該技術領域中需要一種有機電致發光裝置，其可 克服或至少改善前述先前技術之問題。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的在於提供一種具有較佳視野角度特性的有 機電致發光裝置。 為達上述以及其他目的，本發明之有機電致發光裝置包含 兩電極（陽極、陰極）以及一發光層形成於一基板上的複數個Passivation layer) and so on. Therefore, in the conventional organic electroluminescence device, the light generated by the organic film must pass through the above-mentioned multilayer film provided outside the organic film before reaching the eyes of an observer. However, after the light passes through the multilayer film, the light intensity (the difference in refractive index of each wavelength) and the condensed light (multilayer film or Bragg reflection film) cause the user to obtain different light intensities and color shifts at different angles. The result. This will make the viewing angle of the conventional organic electroluminescent device small, resulting in limited application. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an organic electroluminescent device that overcomes or at least ameliorates the problems of the foregoing prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electroluminescent device having a preferred viewing angle characteristic. To achieve the above and other objects, the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention comprises two electrodes (anode, cathode) and a plurality of luminescent layers formed on a substrate.
00799-TW 5 1315162 突出部之上。該每一突出部60較佳係呈半球形。由於發光層 所產生的光的法線方向係垂直於該半球形突出部之表面，因此 發光的強度在突出部表面之任一方向是均勻的，因而觀察者在 前述裝置之任-方向所觀察到的顏色或光強度會一致，藉此可· 有效改善前述裝置之視野角度特性。 本發明另提供製造前述前述有機電致發 先，形成-介電層於一基板上，並且圖案化該；電層。接著首 對該已圖案化之介電層進行處理藉此製得複數個各具有一大 致圓形表面的突出部。最後，形成一陽極、一陰極以及一發光Φ 層於該複數個突出部之上使得該陽極、陰極以及該發光層的表 面凹凸不平’其巾該發光層係設於該陽極及陰極之間。 【實施方式】 第1圖圖示根據本發明-實施例之有機電致發光裝置⑽… 之一像素部分。在此圖中，圖號10係指用以形成一有機電致· 發光裝置之基板’其可以玻璃、塑膠或其他適當材料製成。圖 號20係指一電極（陽極），其可以是金屬、合金、金屬氧化物、 導電性化合物或是其混合物製成。_5〇係指—有機發光Φ 層。有機發光層5〇可藉由物理氣相沉積法，如分子束沉積法、 電阻性加熱（resistive heating)法料’形成於陽極2〇的上表 面。圖號30係指-陰極形成在有機發光層5〇上表面： 則指-上蓋層(capping layer)(例如一她層）塗布= 極30上用以調整^⑽勾發光特性並且增進對外玫光效= (external quantum efficiency)。 ； 第2圖所.示為第i圖有機電致發光裝χ⑽之局部放大 600799-TW 5 1315162 Above the protrusion. Each of the projections 60 is preferably hemispherical. Since the normal direction of the light generated by the light-emitting layer is perpendicular to the surface of the hemispherical protrusion, the intensity of the light is uniform in either direction of the surface of the protrusion, and thus the observer observes in any direction of the device. The resulting color or light intensity will be the same, thereby effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the aforementioned device. The present invention further provides for the fabrication of the aforementioned organic electro-luminescence, forming a dielectric layer on a substrate, and patterning the electro-layer. The patterned dielectric layer is then first processed to produce a plurality of protrusions each having a substantially circular surface. Finally, an anode, a cathode and a light-emitting Φ layer are formed on the plurality of protrusions such that the surfaces of the anode, the cathode and the light-emitting layer are uneven. The light-emitting layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. [Embodiment] Fig. 1 illustrates a pixel portion of an organic electroluminescence device (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a substrate for forming an organic electroluminescent device, which may be made of glass, plastic or other suitable material. Figure 20 refers to an electrode (anode) which may be made of a metal, an alloy, a metal oxide, a conductive compound or a mixture thereof. _5〇 refers to the layer of organic luminescence Φ. The organic light-emitting layer 5 can be formed on the upper surface of the anode 2 by a physical vapor deposition method such as a molecular beam deposition method or a resistive heating method. Figure 30 refers to the formation of a cathode on the upper surface of the organic light-emitting layer 5: then a capping layer (e.g., a layer of the coating) is applied on the pole 30 to adjust the light-emitting characteristics of the (10) hook and enhance the external brightness. Effect = (external quantum efficiency). ; Fig. 2 shows a partial enlargement of the organic electroluminescence device (10) of the i-th figure 6
00799-TW 1315162 圖。如圖所示，前述之陽極20、陰極3〇、發光層5〇以及覆蓋 層40係形成於複數個突出部6〇之上使得該陽極2〇、陰極3〇、 發光層50以及上蓋層40的表面凹凸不平。該些突出部⑽可 以是-介電層（例如一光阻層）上的複數個凸起部分。在此實 施例中d S犬出部6〇係呈半球形，且當該陽極、陰極 30、發光層50以及上蓋層4〇的總厚度…乃切瓜時， 該每大出4 60之直；b較佳為4_6 "爪。因此，當該每一突 出部60係呈半球形時，該半球形之半徑係至少為該陽極、陰 極、該發光層及/或上蓋層4G總厚度的人倍。由於發光層5〇 所產生的錢法線方向係垂直於該半球形突出部Μ之表面， 因此發光的強度在突出部6〇表面之任一方向是均勾的；由於 裳置⑽之每個像素部分係包含複數個突出部6。，因而觀察 者在裝置100之任-方向所觀察到的顏色或光強度會一致，藉 此可有效改善裝置100之視野角度特性。 可用以構成該陽極20之材料包含金屬、合金或是其混合 物。此種材料的具體例子包含金、銀、錯、紹、鎮_銀合金以 及其混合物。該陽極可能不只是只有單-層包含前述之化 合物或是混合物的結構，亦可能是包含前述之化合物或是混合 物的層疊結構。該陰極30可以導電性金屬氧化物(例如銦錫氧 化物(ITO))、此種金層以及導電性金屬氧化物之混合物或是堆 疊製t由製造'導電性以及透明度的觀點來看，在這些 性金屬氧化物中較佳的是銦錫氧化物（ITO)。在本發明之 電致發光裝置中，贫•独^ . β有機孓先層50可具有—有機增層結構 orgamc Ulh_up structure)。該有機增層結構的主 電洞傳導層、發光層以及電子傳㈣。該有機發光層5Q^00799-TW 1315162 Picture. As shown in the figure, the anode 20, the cathode 3, the light-emitting layer 5, and the cover layer 40 are formed on the plurality of protrusions 6〇 such that the anode 2, the cathode 3, the light-emitting layer 50, and the upper cover layer 40 are formed. The surface is uneven. The protrusions (10) may be a plurality of raised portions on a dielectric layer (e.g., a photoresist layer). In this embodiment, the d S dog out portion 6 is hemispherical, and when the total thickness of the anode, the cathode 30, the luminescent layer 50, and the upper cap layer 4 is cut, the maximum is 4 60 ;b is preferably 4_6 "claw. Therefore, when each of the projections 60 is hemispherical, the radius of the hemisphere is at least twice the total thickness of the anode, the cathode, the luminescent layer and/or the upper cap layer 4G. Since the normal direction of the money generated by the luminescent layer 5 垂直 is perpendicular to the surface of the hemispherical protrusion ,, the intensity of the illuminating light is uniformly hooked in any direction of the surface of the protruding portion 6; since each of the skirts (10) The pixel portion includes a plurality of protrusions 6. Thus, the color or light intensity observed by the observer in any direction of the device 100 will be uniform, thereby effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the device 100. The material that can be used to form the anode 20 comprises a metal, an alloy, or a mixture thereof. Specific examples of such materials include gold, silver, dysprosium, slag-silver alloys, and mixtures thereof. The anode may not only have a single-layer structure comprising the above-mentioned compound or mixture, but may also be a laminated structure comprising the aforementioned compound or mixture. The cathode 30 can be made of a conductive metal oxide (for example, indium tin oxide (ITO)), a mixture of such a gold layer and a conductive metal oxide, or a stack of t from the viewpoint of manufacturing 'electricity and transparency. Preferred among these metal oxides is indium tin oxide (ITO). In the electroluminescent device of the present invention, the ?-organic germanium precursor layer 50 may have an orgamc Ulh_up structure. The main hole conduction layer, the luminescent layer and the electron transmission of the organic build-up structure (4). The organic light emitting layer 5Q^
(S(S
00799-TW 1315162 含一電子傳導層、一電洞阻隔層、一發光層、一電洞傳導層以 及一電洞注入層。 請再參照第1圖’該有機電致發光裝置1〇〇包含一開關元 件（switching element)70 (例如一薄膜電晶體）設於該基板1〇 上以及一覆蓋層（overc〇at layer)8〇設於該開關元件7〇上，該 覆蓋層具有一通孔（contact hole)80a以露出該開關元件7〇之 一部分且該陽極20係經由該覆蓋層8〇之通孔8〇a而電性連接 至該開關兀件70。如第2圖所示，該突出部60係形成在該覆 蓋層80上。 本發明另提供製造前述有機電致發光裝置1〇〇之方法，其 I 3下列步驟.首先，參照第3圖，先將一正光阻材料塗佈於 該覆蓋層80的表面而形成—光阻層9〇，轉移一預先設定圖案 (利用具有複數個孔洞之光罩），然後顯影而形成如第4圖所 示的由該光阻層的剩餘部分90a突出的複數個光阻部分91。 接著’對該些光阻部分91進行一烘烤步驟（baking以邛）或一 電聚處理步驟而製得該些半球形的突出部9U。然後，如第5 圖所不將多層膜94(包含一陽極、一陰極以及一發光層） 形成於該些突出部91a之上使得該陽極、陰極以及該發光層的 表面凹凸不丰。 此外，該些突起亦可以後述製程形成。首先，參照第6圖， 形成一光阻層90於該覆蓋層80的表面，轉移__預先設定圖案 (利用具有複數個孔洞之光罩92)1後顯影而形成如第7A 圖所不的複數個彼此隔開的光阻部分96 (當光阻層9〇係由 負光阻材料形成時）或如第7B圖所示的複數個彼此隔開的光00799-TW 1315162 includes an electron conducting layer, a hole blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a hole conducting layer, and a hole injecting layer. Referring to FIG. 1 again, the organic electroluminescent device 1A includes a switching element 70 (for example, a thin film transistor) disposed on the substrate 1 and an overc〇at layer 8 The cover layer has a contact hole 80a to expose a portion of the switch element 7〇 and the anode 20 is electrically connected via the through hole 8〇a of the cover layer 8 Connected to the switch member 70. As shown in Fig. 2, the protruding portion 60 is formed on the covering layer 80. The invention further provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent device, wherein the following steps are performed. First, referring to FIG. 3, a positive photoresist material is first applied to the surface of the cover layer 80 to form a photoresist. The layer 9 is transferred to a predetermined pattern (using a photomask having a plurality of holes) and then developed to form a plurality of photoresist portions 91 protruding from the remaining portion 90a of the photoresist layer as shown in FIG. Then, the photoresist portions 91 are subjected to a baking step (baking) or a electropolymerization step to obtain the hemispherical projections 9U. Then, as shown in Fig. 5, the multilayer film 94 (including an anode, a cathode, and a light-emitting layer) is formed over the projections 91a so that the surfaces of the anode, the cathode, and the light-emitting layer are uneven. Further, the protrusions may be formed by a process described later. First, referring to FIG. 6, a photoresist layer 90 is formed on the surface of the cover layer 80, and a predetermined pattern (using a photomask 92 having a plurality of holes) 1 is developed and developed to form a pattern as shown in FIG. 7A. a plurality of mutually spaced photoresist portions 96 (when the photoresist layer 9 is formed of a negative photoresist material) or a plurality of spaced apart lights as shown in FIG. 7B
00799-TW 8 1315162 阻部分98 (當光阻層90係由正光阻材料形成時）(> 接著，對 该些光阻部分96或98進行一烘烤步驟或一電漿處理步驟而製 侍該些具有一大致圓形表面的突出部96a (參見第8八圖）或 98a (參見第8B圖）。 在上述之製造方法中，雖然該些突出部91a、96a或98a 係利用光恨材料以微影方式形成，然而本發明之突出部亦可利 用介電材料（例如聚醯亞胺）以選擇性蝕刻方式形成。詳細言 之，其係先形成一介電層例如一聚醯亞胺（p〇lyimide)層於 该覆蓋層的表面；接著形成一光阻層於該聚醯亞胺層表| 面，進行微影蝕刻後移除殘留之光阻而製得複數個彼此隔開的 聚醯亞胺部分；最後，對該些聚醯亞胺部分進行一烘烤步驟或 一電漿處理步驟而製得具有一大致圓形表面的聚醯亞胺突出 部。 雖然本發明之有機電致發光裝置係例示為如第丨圖所示之： 主動矩陣式結構，然而本發明之有機電致發光裝置並不受限於 其系統、驅動方式以及利用形式，只要其係將陽極、陰極以及 發光層形成於基板上的複數個突出部（參見第2圖、第5圖、0 第8A圖所示或第8B圖）之上’使得該陽極、陰極以及該發 光層的表面凹凸不平。有機電致發光裝置之代表例子係為一有 機發光二極體元件（〇rganic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) device) ° 雖然本發明已以前數較佳實施例揭示，然其並非甩以限定 本發明’任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍 內’當可作各種之更動與修改。因此本發明之保護範圍當視後00799-TW 8 1315162 Resistor portion 98 (when the photoresist layer 90 is formed of a positive photoresist material) (> Next, the photoresist portion 96 or 98 is subjected to a baking step or a plasma treatment step to serve The protrusions 96a (see Fig. 8A) or 98a (see Fig. 8B) having a substantially circular surface. In the above manufacturing method, although the protrusions 91a, 96a or 98a utilize the light hate material Formed by lithography, however, the protrusion of the present invention may also be formed by selective etching using a dielectric material such as polyimide. In detail, a dielectric layer such as a polyimide may be formed first. (p〇lyimide) layer on the surface of the cover layer; then forming a photoresist layer on the surface of the polyimide layer, performing lithography etching to remove residual photoresist to form a plurality of spaced apart Polyimine portion; finally, the polyimine portion is subjected to a baking step or a plasma treatment step to obtain a polyimide having a substantially circular surface. Although the organic battery of the present invention The illuminating device is exemplified as shown in the figure: Active matrix Structure, however, the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention is not limited to its system, driving method, and utilization form as long as it forms a plurality of protrusions on the substrate, such as an anode, a cathode, and a light-emitting layer (see FIG. 2, 5, 0, 8A or 8B), the surface of the anode, the cathode, and the light-emitting layer are uneven. A representative example of the organic electroluminescence device is an organic light-emitting diode element ( The present invention has been disclosed in the foregoing preferred embodiments. When various changes and modifications can be made, the scope of protection of the present invention is regarded as
00799-TW 9 1315162 附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 1000799-TW 9 1315162 The scope of the patent application is subject to change. 10
00799-TW 1315162 【圖式簡單說明】 為了讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明顯 特徵’下文特舉本發明較佳實施例’並配合所附圖示，作詳細 說明如下。 第1圖：根據本發明一較佳實施例之有機電致發光裝置之 概要剖示圖； 第2圖··第1圖有機電致發光裝置之局部放大圖； 第3圖至第5圖：其係用以說明根據本發明一實施例之有· 機電致發光裝置製造方法；及 第6圖至第8圖：其係用以說明根據本發明另一實施例之 有機電致發光裝置製造方法。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 基板 20 陽極 30 陰極 40 上蓋層 50 有機發光層 60 突出部 70 開關元件 80 覆蓋層 80a 通孔 90 光阻層 91 剩餘部分 91a 突出部 92 光罩 94 多層膜 96 光阻部分 96a 突出部 98 光阻部分 98a 突出部00799-TW 1315162 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent <RTIgt; . 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic electroluminescent device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the organic electroluminescent device of FIG. 1; FIGS. 3 to 5: It is for explaining a method of fabricating an electroluminescent device according to an embodiment of the invention; and FIGS. 6 to 8 for explaining a method of fabricating an organic electroluminescent device according to another embodiment of the present invention. . [Main component symbol description] 10 substrate 20 anode 30 cathode 40 upper cover layer 50 organic light-emitting layer 60 protrusion 70 switching element 80 cover layer 80a through hole 90 photoresist layer 91 remaining portion 91a protrusion portion 92 mask 94 multilayer film 96 photoresist Portion 96a protrusion 98 photoresist portion 98a protrusion
00799-TW 11 1315162 a 100 總厚度 b 直徑 有機電致發光裝置00799-TW 11 1315162 a 100 total thickness b diameter organic electroluminescent device
00799-TW 1200799-TW 12