201212973 * 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種呼吸裝置，特別是與一種輕薄(l〇w profile)動力空氣淨化口罩式呼吸器相關。同時本發明也係關於 種呼吸口罩以及具有輕薄(l〇w pr〇flle)設計之呼吸系統，不僅 舒適，且容易穿戴於使用者之頸部，由於其結構小巧、外觀輕 薄，所以美觀又討人喜歡，此外，能夠有效又高效率地運用於 φ 多方面，包括日常應用、工作場所和工業環境。 【先前技術】 本說明書當中所提到之任何先前出版物(或源於其中之資 訊）、或已知之任何事項，不是、也不應該被視為係對於先前 出版物(或源於其中之資訊)或已知事項在與本說明書相.關之 努力領域所形成-般普通知識的一部分的一種確認、認可或任 何形式之建議。 動力工氣淨化啤吸器(A p〇wered ajr卩瓜职啤比啦四㈣裝 置’英文縮寫為PAPR，通常會利用電力以透過一遽材元件從 大氣中吸取週遭空氣，對其加壓，再經由導管和口罩傳送到使 用者的呼吸道。PAPR確保在所有情況下，藉由使口罩内部維 持正壓，則空氣之供應得以保持經過過濾或淨化處理。pApR 裝置目前使用於嚴重受到污染或極度危險之環境，以提供淨化 空氣給使用者。前述環境在習慣上包括污染工業區或醫院。 3 201212973 所有目前已知的PAPR系統僅僅被指定使用於專業和工 業應用方面。也就是說，此類系統並沒有被設計使用於公眾的 曰常生活中。因此，多數PAPR系統的尺寸通常又巨大又笨重。 某些已知的PAPR系統將過濾功能重新安裝至安全帽或 頭蓋上(USP4,462,399) ’但此一嘗試既未縮小體積，也未改善 重量結構，反而將該裝置設計得又笨又重，使得使用者戴在頭 上時容易顯得頭重腳輕。某些已知的PAPR系統設計成(登山) 背包的型式，裝在附有肩帶的彈性袋裡攜帶，然而，這種設計 限制了它的便攜性，因為在沒有使用背帶或袋子的情況下，想 以其他方式攜帶是不可能的。因此，多數現有的PAPR系統對 使用者沒有吸引力，除非確有其必要性，例如處在有毒的環境 或危險區域時。 對於一般公眾’保護免受曰常生活的污染和疾病主要還是 依賴防塵口罩或是外科口罩。然而，由於口罩周圍之洩漏，這 些口罩只提供基本保護，即使該口罩以標示為適合高效率過濾 之過濾材料製造時也是如此。由於過濾媒介所產生之額外阻 力，使用者必須比平常沒有配戴該口罩時更費力呼吸。因此， 希望在長時間使用此種口罩的情況下還能感覺舒適是相當困 難的。再纟’口罩内部的二氧化碳和水分積聚，可能會使情況 變得更糟。此外’過麟介的效率越高，所產生的流動阻力也 就越高’目此使得長時間使用這些口罩的人感覺更不舒服。此 種影響對於呼吸系統衰弱或受損的人尤其_，例如像老人、 孩童以及病人，例如像患树喘和CQpD(雜喊性肺疾病) 201212973 B 的患者。 防塵口罩以及外科口罩因此被一般公眾廣泛地使用，主要 是因為其使用容易’而且，事實上即使想要使用更有效更舒適 的裝置’目前市面上也沒有能讓人接受的PAPR方案。 然而很明顯的’在許多日常情況下，空氣品質可能會很 差。大城市裡，高密度的汽車、公車、卡車與機車時常排放過 量的有毒污染物。發電廠是另一個主要污染來源。自然或人為 • 災害，例如像沙塵暴、各種火災，都會對人們的呼吸系統造成 損傷。這些污染物包括灰塵(懸浮微粒）、錯、有害氣體如：二 氧化氮(N02)、二氧化硫(s〇2)、一氧化碳(co)、臭氧(〇3)、揮 發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compounds，VOCs)、煙霧等。長 期暴露在此類污染物之巾被已證實是有⑽，往往會引起致命 性疾病。SARS(嚴重急性呼吸道綜合症)禽流感和豬流感，最 近3種帶給人類威脅之相關疾病也算是污染，或是空氣傳染之 φ 疾病，有可能使人類致命。 提供與PAPR相似等級之倾與舒適度之保護裝置，同時 還能為普通民眾、輕工業、或專業使用者所接受，顯然有其必 要性。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的係為克服現有技術的不足之處。 本發月還曰在&供一個輕薄(l〇w坪〇服)的呼吸器。 201212973 『輕薄（low profile)』一詞使用於整篇說明書中。此一術 語的意思係指一個口罩，類似一個『防塵口罩』覆蓋使用者的 鼻子和嘴巴，尺寸和外形相對比較小型而精巧，如此一來，在 配戴時’外觀就會顯得魏討喜，尤其是與已知動力口罩的傳 統笨重工業口罩相比較時。此類_先概術製成、應用於工 業領域之動力D單看起來笨重’通常在口罩的正面會裝有供應 空氣進入σ罩氣t (ehambei·)的氣f，使得此_轉別不美觀 也不吸引人。 本發明還旨在提供-呼吸裝置，其中包括—個或多個優 勢：容易攜帶、容易脫戴、改善使用時的觀念與印象、而且 符合成本效益。 本發明還旨在提供-輕薄(low profile)的呼吸裝置，可當作 -種污麵魏置、呼吸協助或呼吸治療儀。 、在日常環境巾’可能從此—裝置巾受惠的典型人物包括每 2通勤的人:鱗與電動_車耻、乘客、行人與馬路工人、 交通指揮人員、道路修理人員、建築工人、機場工作人員 '房 間/實驗轉潔人貞、食品加^人、家禽農場經#者、在醫 院工作、治療和控制疾病爆發之人員、學校、煙害區工人等。 體而^ ’本發明提供了—種呼吸裝置，包括：—個 、且件’適合完整環繞住至少使 a .... 件，與前犹„罢，乂使用者之口、鼻(孔），和一頸部組 、’L 、且件相接’適合完整環繞住該使用者頭部後 面’該顯部組件包括—空氣流量產生裝置，以吸人來自周圍 1 201212973 境之未過濾空氣、加以過濾，再將經過濾之空氣提供至前述口 罩組件。 該頸部組件係由至少一嚅合器(engagement 連接到前述口罩組件。 較佳實施例，每一嚅合器包括：至少一前述口罩組件上之 配合空氣通道，以及前述頸部組件；至少一嚆合結合件(mating clip)，以使口罩組件與頸部組件可鬆開地配對在一起。 鲁 糾較佳實施例，每一空氣通道至少有部分係由-彈性材 料構成。 此外較佳實施例，每-配合配對夾钳包括—棘齒排。 較佳實施例，至少口罩組件之密封部分，至少部分係由石夕 橡膠或類似物質所構成。 較佳實補，已碱空氣透過-體成型之找通道在頸部 • 組件與口罩組件間傳送。 此外較佳實補，呼吸裝置的財操作元件均被放置 部組件裡。 、 較佳實施例，頸部組件還包括下列任何一項或其組合： 一流量感測器； 一壓力感測器； 一負離子產生器； 201212973 一加熱器； 一冷卻器； 一濾材組件； 一風機； 一電源； 一消音器； 一使用者介面；以及 一增濕機/除濕機。 較佳實施例’本發明還包括—解子，用來裝飾該口罩組 件，包括織物或其他材料，以及—眼罩，以保護使用者眼睛。 此外較佳實施例，本發明還包括—條帶子或鬆緊帶，適合 連接在使用者頭上，以保持口罩組件在適當位置上。 較佳實施例’上述流量感測器或壓力感測器係用來提供反 饋k號至該空氣流量產生裝置，以調整口罩組件之空氣流量與 /或空氣壓力，使其對呼吸快速反應，該流量與/或壓力感測器 之呼吸反應可以隨使用者意願調整。 此外較佳實施例，該過濾配件還包括下列任何一項或其組 合： 一粗渡材； 一前部滤材； 201212973 一高效率微粒空氣(HEPA)濾材； 一南級碳據材； 一活性碳濾材(蒸汽活性化或多重化學物質活性化）； 一光觸媒濾材或塗層(環境光線/LED活性化）；以及 一冷觸媒濾材。 較佳實施例，該頸部組件還包括控制器，控制器包括下列 任何一項或其組合： 一使用者控制介面； 一遙控器； 一可充式電池； 一個電池組；以及 一馬達控制器。 此外較佳實施例’該裝置特意製作成一『輕薄(i〇w profiie)』 外觀’適合舒適地配戴在使用者之頸部，可自由選擇是否包括 填充部分。 較佳實施例’該呼吸裝置包括：一感測器，用來感應前述 空氣之溫度與/或濕度；一個比較器，將感應到之溫度和濕度 拿來與預定值作比較；以及氣候控制器，包括至少一加熱器、 一冷卻器、一增濕機、一除濕機，以提供對上述所說的過屢過 的空氣的溫和與濕度的調整以達到所說的預定值。 201212973 另外較佳實施例，該預定值可由製造商預設，也可由使用 者自行調整。 較佳實施例，該呼吸裝置包括一具有操縱裝置之負離子產 生器’以操作使其與使用者呼吸模式同步(開啟(on)一吸入，關 閉(off)-呼出）。 較佳實施例，該呼吸裝置包括一擁有環形核心定子之無刷 直流馬達，其特徵是，該核心包括一自其中向内延伸之多數徑 向隔板’以形成各自產生於其中線圈間之分界。 此外較佳實施例，徑向隔板之形成與核心係一體成型，或 鑄接在核心之上。 較佳實施例，該呼吸裝置還包括-料空魏材，在使用 者所呼出之空氣向周圍環境散出之前，先過據之。 此外較佳實施例，該呼出空氣濾材係與呼吸裝置之排氣閥 一體成型。 在更廣泛的形式來說，本發明提供了 一個口罩組件，適合 大幅環繞住至少使用者的π或鼻；-個氣候控制器，包括至 -加熱器、-冷卻器、-增濕機、-除濕機，以調整提供給使 用者之空氣溫度與溼度。 較佳實施例，呼吸裝置還包括-_，以接收來自周圍環 境未過濾之空氣，並提供已過濾空氣至口罩組件严。 在更廣泛的形式來說，本發明提供了 一個口罩組件，適合 201212973 Λ J 大幅環繞住至少使用者的口或鼻；一具有操縱裝置之負離子發 生器’以操作使其與使用者的呼吸模式同步(開啟(〇n)_吸入， 關閉(off)-呼出）。 在另一種更廣泛的形式來說，本發明提供了一個口罩組 件，適合大幅環繞住至少使用者的口或鼻；一呼出空氣濾材， 在使用者所呼出之空氣向周圍環境散出之前，先過滤之。 較佳實施例，該呼出空氣濾材係與前述呼吸裝置之排氣閥 φ 一體成型。 在更廣泛的形式來說，本發明提供了 一擁有環形核心定子 之無刷直流馬達，包括自核心向内延伸之多數徑向隔版，以形 成各自產生於其中線圈間之分界。其中徑向隔版之形成係與核 心係一體成型，或鑄接在核心之上。 【實施方式】 以下透過®歧明本發明之魄與優先但並不限制之實 施例，俾使貴審查委㈣於本案有更進—步之瞭解。透過全 部圖式’類缝字將_來細類雜色；轉另有财說明。 本發明之係關於-種呼吸裝置，包括一口罩組件和頸部組 件。口罩組件適合大幅環繞·者之嘴巴和卿，㈣部組件 則可與其連接，適合環繞者頸部後面。卿組件包括空氣 流量產生裝置和細處理器，肋接收來自觸魏之已過減 空氣，過絲過叙空氣，並提供已過社氣至口罩組件處 11 201212973 、 第一圖說明一位戴著依照本發明形式之呼吸裝置(〗)之 人。该呼吸裝置⑴藉由審美觀點相當之改善而有了討喜視覺 外觀，與先前技術中之呼吸裝置比較時，相對顯得較為輕薄 (lowprofile)。口罩組件在配戴時相對比較舒適，可以覆蓋至少 使用者之口或鼻，並延伸至使用者之頸部。該呼吸裝置(1)中 的所有元件均可以完全包覆在臉部和頸部配件裡。 第二圖係本發明之呼吸裝置(1；)之透視圖，包括一 口罩組 件(2)和一頸部組件(3)，至少可以部分與彼此分開。 · 第二圖係係本發明呼吸裝置(1)之零件分散透視圖，顯示 該口罩組件(2)從該頸部組件⑶中分離出來。藉由該口罩組件 (¾以及該頸部組件(3)所提供之一適當配合之嚙合器(4)，以達 成將配件完全連接在一起。 第四圖A及B分別係該口罩組件(2)之正面與背面透視圖。 第五圖係該頸部組件(3)之透視圖，可與第四圖之口罩組 件(2)產生關聯。 • · 凊參閱第-圖至第五圖所示，可以看出該口罩組件⑵適 合環繞口鼻周圍區域，即使用者之嘴巴、鼻孔或鼻子處。另一 替代實施例可適用嘴巴或鼻子任—處，使其具有1輕巧之 「輕薄(low profile)」外觀。 該口罩組件(2)至少要有一部分較佳實施例係由適合之材 料構成’使其在Μ 口罩組件(2)的正面與空氣路徑之間提供良 好密封，藉此大幅避免空氣或氣體之茂漏，藉由緊密接觸並「緩 12 201212973 衝」使用者臉部’有效提供-不漏氣(airtight)之密封。該口罩 組件(2)通常可由塑膠或橡膠㈣製成，例如像橡膠或石夕膠。 由此類材料製成之該口罩組件⑺即可根據需要進行清洗或消 毒。 本發明之口罩組件(2)也可以選擇性裝上套子，以裝餘口 罩組件。套子可由織物或其他材料製成。可選擇性或額外替口 罩組件提供模内裝飾。 _ 如第六圖所示，本發明設有一呼吸室⑶，該啤吸室⑶設 於使用者臉部和口罩組件(2)外殼之間的空間。該呼吸室⑶實 際上因為使用者臉部周圍之密封，所以與周圍環境隔離。 本發明更設一個或以上的空氣導管(也可以稱為通道、輸 送道或導管）’用來連接該呼吸室(5)與啤吸裝置的其他部分。 爲此目的，第六圖中所顯示之實施例，口罩組件(2)上裝有一 進空氣導管⑹與-出空氣導管⑺，當口罩組件(2)與該頸部組 齡 件⑶相連接時，彼此之間便形成了一連續空氣通道。此兩組 件之連接方式將於下面描述。 第五圖中，該頸部組件(3)適用於連接至口罩組件(2)上， 在使用上，係大幅環繞使用者頸部後面。第六圖中該頸部組件 ⑶包括-空氣流量產生裝置⑷，用以產生進出於口罩組件(2) 之空氣流動，從周圍環境帽帶未過濾空氣通過—引入口 ⑻，透過翁⑼進行未過滤空氣之過遽程式，再利用馬達或 葉輪⑽造成空氣流動’通過進空氣導管⑹到達啤吸室⑺。使 13 201212973 用者所呼出至口罩組件(2)内之空氣，呼吸室⑺會再透過出空、 氣導管⑺，通過出口⑼送至周圍環境。本發明之該呼吸裝置 (1)中之典型空氣流動如第六圖中箭頭指示。 本發明也包括適當電子元件(12)、電池或其他類似物⑽ 以及其他組件，而較佳實施例輕在該頸部組件⑶。該頸部 組件⑶較佳實施例還包含-頸部襯塾(14)以提供緩衝，讓使用 者感覺舒適，此外當使用者之頭部有所活動時，也可幫助維持 口罩組件之密封。 第七圖係通常包含在呼吸裝置_之各式組件之特色功· 能方塊圖’說明大多數都安裝在該頸部組件(3)内以及其相互 關係。同時也顯示關於空氣流量產生裝置⑷提供之選擇性附 加動力配件包(power pack)，以及通過空氣通道至該口罩組件⑵ 之該頸部組件(3)相互關係。 I動連接和張力係輪决紐 現有 PAPR(A powered air purifying respirator)裝置使用不· 同器具以使口罩固定在臉部及供應空氣至口罩組件處。例如， 很多PAPR使用彈性軟管供應來自空氣流量產生裝置(A)之空 氣至口罩組件處、並使用獨立頭繩來固定口罩組件於臉上。有 的則係裝設風扇於使用者頭頂，直接將空氣排放至口罩組件， 但仍使用獨立帶子或細繩固定口罩組件於臉上。 在這些先前技術裝置中，每次脫戴裝備時，使用者都被迫 裝配或拆卸複合連接組件。此外，當該裝置之風扇與口罩組 201212973 ，财洗巧崎料岭之触考量)有 會使風扇或控制電子面臨泡水之風險。 持固t理输是，碎絲供至0罩_之线、或是使其保 組件7置之張力，較佳實施綱由空氣流量產生裝置與口罩 主齡連接組件來提供。理想的情況還包括，當有需要 錄實施例植容祕口罩組件完全從空氣流量產生 ⑽刀離。本發明係—聯合氣動接軸夾鉗之功能之組件 使用於-個背包或其他行李件部分)來達到上述兩項目標。 一如第八圖所顯示，，合器⑽包括兩部分，一為口罩組件 邛刀⑵）、一為頸部部分(22)，各自都固定至一彈性管。每個 、讀都有各自的空氣通道(23)和(24)，以便空氣可以通過屬合 器,。在其中一個彈性管上會形成一個密封結構 5如此一 來^屬合器(20)被安裝，就會擠壓相對壤合器(2〇)的另一半。 此社、封可採騎形職面元件(如〇形環)形式然而較佳實施 例是雨刷式密封結構，因為此種設計在組裝或拆除夾鉗時，產 生較少摩擦。或者密封可關-絲或鑄接在其卜個或其他 夾鉗面上之獨立組件(例如像一 0形環）。 ΐ合器(20)的兩面設計成能夠從一個合成橡膠管傳輸張 力至另-處’但也容易釋放。例如，他們可能提供於雜有一 個或多個帶有麵的杆狀元件卡人對面—半餘器上之响合 、、《構中隹J鈎特色在於採大按紐开)式，按壓他們可使倒鈎脫 離，並且讓兩邊分開。 15 201212973 在優先實施例中，使用了兩個這類嗡合器(20)，一個在入 空氣導管(6)、一個出空氣導管(7)。正常使用情況下，當從頭 部脫下該裝置時，只有一個嚅合器(2〇)係分開的。然而，當口 罩組件需要清洗時’其他嚅合器(20)也可以被打開，以便空氣 流量產生裝置(A)或頸部組件(3)完全與該口罩組件(2)分離。 罩組件之單一動作調整Single Action Adjustment of the Mask 現有 PAPR(A powered air purifying respirator)裝置設計，基 本上都是依靠彈性帶或其他剛性帶以維持口罩組件鬆緊度，使 其與使用者臉部密合。此兩種方式在進行調整時，都很困難又 緩慢，並且容易遭遇其他問題。特別是，此種彈性帶的調整機 财置錄冑要相當大的力量才紐行赃。方式則不 補償任何在空氣流量產生裝置和使用者臉部之間 的距離變 化’例如在頭部活動時。為此，他們容易遭遇口罩組件緩衝與 臉部之間的洩漏。 第八圖係在s羊細說明被使用於本發明之呼吸裝置(1)之嚅 。器(2〇) ’使頸部組件⑶與該口罩組件P户齧合在一起。 第圖A與第八圖b之零件分散透視圖可看出屬合器(2〇) 已顯示為咬合；第八圖C為剖面視圖。灌合器(20)包括一口罩 牛Ρ刀(21)頸部部分(22)，還包括配合空氣通道(23)和 (24) ’以及嚷合結合件(25)、(26)，以—種能拆卸之方式將組件 完全夹緊在n外附件(27)可自由選擇是否裝上，以連接 201212973 可放置於使用者頭上之附加彈性繩。棘齒排(28)也可用以調整 組裝呼吸裝置(1)之尺寸，相關敘述請見下文。 第八圖C係連接空氣通道(23)和(24)之橫截剖面視圖，說 明密閉空氣通道如何因此形成。 本設計藉由提供若干獨特功能以克服先前技術裝置中之 缺陷。首先，安裝點較佳實施例設計成安裝在大約該頸部組件 ⑶與口罩崎(的—核。安裝雜佳實關料合(或稱 • 夾鉗)形式’以使該頸部組件⑶從口罩組件(2)上分開。第二， 從安褒點到口罩組件⑵，較佳實施例使用彈性橡膠管，那麼 彈性橡膠管就無需再調整長度，而且還能在連接該聊組件⑶ 與口罩組件(2)時提供一些彈性，當使用者移動他們的頭部 時，從而補償空氣流量產生裝置(A)到臉部間之距離變化。第 二’在安裴點與頸部組件(3)之間安裝一剛硬環節連接。另外， 棘齒排(28)可安裝於該頸部組件⑶處，在其與剛硬環節至安裝 • ‘點之間操作。此機械農置較佳實施例設計成容易使剛硬環節縮 短，但不許可其延長，除非釋放按钮被按下。 此機械裝置之操作通常運轉如p呼吸裝置⑴可於一開 始提供給使用者設定為最大尺寸(即以剛硬環節模式，設定在 最大長度）。當使用者第一次試戴呼吸裝置⑴，他們只需要把 一隻手放在該頸部組件(3)上(在其頭部後面），另一隻手則在口 罩組件(2)正面(在其臉部前面），再輕輕地將他們推到一起。。 要這單-動作’即有可鮮確_魏雜件⑶與該口罩2 17 201212973 件(2)想要的鬆緊度。201212973 * VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a breathing apparatus, and more particularly to a light-thin profile air-purifying respirator. At the same time, the invention also relates to a breathing mask and a breathing system with a light and thin design, which is not only comfortable, but also easy to wear on the neck of the user, and because of its compact structure and light appearance, it is beautiful and attractive. People like it, in addition, can be effectively and efficiently applied to many aspects, including daily applications, workplaces and industrial environments. [Prior Art] Any prior publication (or information derived from it) or any matter known in the specification is not, and should not be, considered to be a prior publication (or information derived from it) Or a known confirmation, approval or any form of advice that forms part of the general knowledge formed in the field of work related to this specification. Powered gas purification beer suction device (A p〇wered ajr 卩 melon beer than four (four) device' English abbreviation for PAPR, usually uses electricity to absorb ambient air from the atmosphere through a coffin component, pressurize it, and then It is delivered to the user's respiratory tract via a catheter and mask. PAPR ensures that in all cases, by maintaining a positive pressure inside the mask, the supply of air is kept filtered or purified. The pApR device is currently used for severe contamination or extreme danger. The environment to provide clean air to the user. The aforementioned environment is customarily used to pollute industrial areas or hospitals. 3 201212973 All currently known PAPR systems are only designated for professional and industrial applications. It has not been designed to be used in the public's everyday life. As a result, most PAPR systems are often large and bulky. Some known PAPR systems reinstall the filter function on a helmet or headgear (USP 4,462,399)' However, this attempt has neither reduced the volume nor improved the weight structure, but instead designed the device to be stupid and heavy, so that the use It tends to be top-heavy when worn on the head. Some known PAPR systems are designed as (climbing) backpacks and are carried in elastic pockets with shoulder straps. However, this design limits its portability because It is not possible to carry it in other ways without the use of a strap or bag. Therefore, most existing PAPR systems are not attractive to the user unless they are necessary, for example in a toxic environment or hazardous area. For the general public, 'protection against pollution and diseases from normal life is mainly dependent on dust masks or surgical masks. However, due to leakage around the mask, these masks only provide basic protection, even if the mask is labeled as suitable for high efficiency. The same applies to the filtration of the filter material. Due to the additional resistance generated by the filter media, the user must breathe more effort than when the mask is not normally worn. Therefore, it is desirable to feel comfortable when using the mask for a long time. It is quite difficult. Again, the accumulation of carbon dioxide and water inside the mask may change the situation. Worse. In addition, the higher the efficiency of the lyon, the higher the flow resistance generated. This makes people who use these masks feel more uncomfortable for a long time. This effect is for people with weak or damaged respiratory system. In particular, for example, elderly people, children, and patients, such as patients suffering from asthma and CQpD (2012). The dust masks and surgical masks are therefore widely used by the general public, mainly because they are easy to use. And, in fact, even if you want to use a more efficient and comfortable device, there is no acceptable PAPR solution on the market. However, it is obvious that in many everyday situations, air quality may be poor. In big cities, High-density cars, buses, trucks, and locomotives often emit excessive amounts of toxic pollutants. Power plants are another major source of pollution. Natural or man-made • Disasters, such as sandstorms and various fires, can cause damage to people's respiratory system. These contaminants include dust (suspended particles), wrong, harmful gases such as: nitrogen dioxide (N02), sulfur dioxide (s〇2), carbon monoxide (co), ozone (〇3), volatile organic compounds (VOCtile Organic Compounds, VOCs). ), smoke, etc. Long-term exposure to such contaminants has been proven to be (10) and often causes fatal diseases. SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) Avian flu and swine flu, the three most relevant diseases that cause human threats are also pollution, or airborne φ diseases, which may kill humans. It is clearly necessary to provide protection against tilt and comfort similar to PAPR, and to be acceptable to the general public, light industry, or professional users. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art. This month is also in the & for a light (l〇w 〇 〇) respirator. 201212973 The term "low profile" is used throughout the specification. This term means a mask, similar to a "dust mask" covering the user's nose and mouth, the size and shape are relatively small and delicate, so that when worn, the appearance will look like Wei. This is especially true when compared to conventional bulk industrial masks of known power masks. This type of power is made in the industrial field. The D single looks cumbersome. 'There is usually a gas f that supplies air into the σ hood gas (ehambei·) on the front of the mask, making this _ turn Beautiful and unattractive. The present invention is also directed to providing a breathing apparatus that includes one or more advantages: being easy to carry, easy to wear off, improving the concept and impression of use, and being cost effective. The present invention is also directed to providing a low profile breathing apparatus that can be used as a dirty face, respiratory assist or respiratory therapy device. Typical people in the daily environmental towel 'may benefit from this - the device towel includes every 2 commuters: scales and electric _ car shame, passengers, pedestrians and road workers, traffic commanders, road repairers, construction workers, airport work Personnel 'room / experiment to turn clean people, food plus ^ people, poultry farms #, work in hospitals, treatment and control of disease outbreaks, schools, smokers and other workers. The present invention provides a breathing apparatus comprising: a piece and a piece adapted to completely surround at least a ...., with the front, the user's mouth, nose (hole) , and a neck set, 'L, and the piece is connected to be suitable for completely surrounding the back of the user's head. The display assembly includes an air flow generating device for sucking unfiltered air from the surroundings of 201212973, Filtered, and then supplied filtered air to the mask assembly. The neck assembly is connected to the mask assembly by at least one coupler. In a preferred embodiment, each coupler comprises: at least one of the aforementioned masks a mating air passage on the assembly, and the aforementioned neck assembly; at least one mating clip to releasably couple the mask assembly and the neck assembly. The preferred embodiment, each air At least a portion of the channel is constructed of an elastomeric material. In a preferred embodiment, each of the mating pairing jaws includes a ratchet row. In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the sealing component of the mask assembly is at least partially made of Shixia rubber or It is composed of a substance. It is better to make up, and the air-through-body-formed finding channel is transmitted between the neck and the component and the mask assembly. In addition, it is better to compensate the components of the breathing apparatus. Preferably, the neck assembly further comprises any one or a combination of the following: a flow sensor; a pressure sensor; an negative ion generator; 201212973 a heater; a cooler; a filter assembly; a fan; a power source; a muffler; a user interface; and a humidifier/dehumidifier. Preferred Embodiments 'The present invention also includes a de-brain for decorating the mask assembly, including fabric or other materials, and - an eye shield to protect the user's eyes. In a further preferred embodiment, the invention further comprises a strap or an elastic band adapted to be attached to the user's head to hold the mask assembly in place. A detector or pressure sensor is provided to provide a feedback k number to the air flow generating device to adjust the air flow and/or air pressure of the mask assembly to make a call Rapid response, the flow response of the flow and/or pressure sensor can be adjusted according to the user's wishes. In a preferred embodiment, the filter fitting further comprises any one or a combination of the following: a coarse cross material; a front filter 201212973 A high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter; a southern carbon material; an activated carbon filter (steam activation or multiple chemical activation); a photocatalytic filter or coating (ambient light / LED activation) And a cold catalyst filter. In a preferred embodiment, the neck assembly further includes a controller comprising any one or a combination of the following: a user control interface; a remote controller; a rechargeable battery; a battery pack; and a motor controller. Further preferred embodiment 'the device is deliberately made into a "lightweight (i〇w profiie)" appearance" suitable for comfortable wearing on the user's neck, free to choose whether or not to include the filling portion . Preferred Embodiment 'The breathing apparatus includes: a sensor for sensing the temperature and/or humidity of the air; a comparator for comparing the sensed temperature and humidity with a predetermined value; and a climate controller And comprising at least one heater, a cooler, a humidifier, and a dehumidifier to provide adjustment of the mildness and humidity of said over-exhausted air to achieve said predetermined value. In another preferred embodiment, the predetermined value may be preset by the manufacturer or may be adjusted by the user. In a preferred embodiment, the breathing apparatus includes an negative ion generator' having an operating device to operate in synchronization with the user's breathing pattern (on, inhalation, off-out). In a preferred embodiment, the breathing apparatus includes a brushless DC motor having a toroidal core stator, wherein the core includes a plurality of radial spacers extending inwardly therefrom to form a boundary between the coils . In a preferred embodiment, the radial baffles are formed integrally with the core or cast onto the core. In a preferred embodiment, the breathing apparatus further comprises an empty material, which is passed before the air exhaled by the user is released to the surrounding environment. In still further preferred embodiments, the exhaled air filter is integrally formed with the exhaust valve of the breathing apparatus. In a broader form, the present invention provides a mask assembly adapted to substantially surround at least the user's π or nose; a climate controller, including to-heater, -cooler, - humidifier, - Dehumidifier to adjust the temperature and humidity of the air supplied to the user. In a preferred embodiment, the breathing apparatus further includes -_ to receive unfiltered air from the surrounding environment and to provide filtered air to the mask assembly. In a broader form, the present invention provides a mask assembly suitable for 201212973 Λ J to substantially surround at least the user's mouth or nose; a negative ion generator with an operating device to operate to breathe mode with the user Synchronization (on (〇n)_inhalation, off-off-out). In another broader form, the present invention provides a mask assembly adapted to substantially surround at least a user's mouth or nose; an exhaled air filter material, before the air exhaled by the user is released to the surrounding environment, Filter it. In a preferred embodiment, the exhaled air filter is integrally formed with the exhaust valve φ of the breathing apparatus. In a broader form, the present invention provides a brushless DC motor having a toroidal core stator comprising a plurality of radial spacers extending inwardly from the core to form a boundary between each of the coils. The radial partition is formed integrally with the core or cast onto the core. [Embodiment] The following is a simplification of the present invention and a prioritized but not limited embodiment, so that the review committee (4) has a better understanding of the case. Through the whole pattern, the type of stitching will be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a breathing apparatus comprising a mask assembly and a neck assembly. The mask assembly is designed to wrap around the mouth and the mouth, and the (four) assembly can be attached to it to fit the back of the neck. The Qing component consists of an air flow generating device and a fine processor. The rib receives the air that has been depleted from the touch of Wei, passes the air through the air, and provides the gas to the mask assembly. 11 201212973 A person of a breathing apparatus (〗) in accordance with the form of the invention. The breathing apparatus (1) has a pleasing visual appearance by an aesthetically pleasing improvement, and is relatively low profile when compared with the breathing apparatus of the prior art. The mask assembly is relatively comfortable to wear and can cover at least the mouth or nose of the user and extend to the neck of the user. All components in the breathing apparatus (1) can be completely covered in the face and neck fittings. The second drawing is a perspective view of a breathing apparatus (1;) of the present invention comprising a mask assembly (2) and a neck assembly (3) which are at least partially separable from each other. The second figure is a perspective view of the parts of the breathing apparatus (1) of the present invention, showing that the mask assembly (2) is separated from the neck assembly (3). By means of the mask assembly (3⁄4 and an adapter (4) provided by the neck assembly (3), the fittings are completely connected together. The fourth embodiment A and B respectively are the mask assembly (2) Front and back perspective views. The fifth view is a perspective view of the neck assembly (3) that can be associated with the mask assembly (2) of Figure 4. • 凊 See Figures-to-fifth It can be seen that the mask assembly (2) is adapted to surround the area around the nose and mouth, ie the mouth, nostrils or nose of the user. Another alternative embodiment can be applied to the mouth or nose to make it light and light. The appearance of the mask assembly (2) is at least partially preferred. The preferred embodiment is constructed of a suitable material to provide a good seal between the front side of the mask assembly (2) and the air path, thereby substantially avoiding Leakage of air or gas, by intimate contact and "following 12 201212973" user's face 'effectively provided - airtight seal. The mask assembly (2) can usually be made of plastic or rubber (four), For example, like rubber or stone glue. The mask assembly (7) can be cleaned or sterilized as needed. The mask assembly (2) of the present invention can also be selectively fitted with a cover for the remaining mask assembly. The cover can be made of fabric or other materials. Optional or additional The mask assembly provides in-mold decoration. As shown in the sixth figure, the present invention is provided with a breathing chamber (3) which is provided in the space between the user's face and the outer casing of the mask assembly (2). (3) In fact, it is isolated from the surrounding environment because of the seal around the user's face. The present invention further has one or more air ducts (also referred to as channels, transport lanes or ducts) to connect the breathing chamber (5). And other parts of the beer suction device. For this purpose, the embodiment shown in the sixth figure, the mask assembly (2) is provided with an inlet air duct (6) and an air outlet duct (7), when the mask assembly (2) and the neck When the group members (3) are connected, a continuous air passage is formed between them. The connection of the two components will be described below. In the fifth figure, the neck assembly (3) is adapted to be connected to the mask assembly ( 2) on, in use Above, substantially surrounds the back of the user's neck. In the sixth figure, the neck assembly (3) includes an air flow generating device (4) for generating air flow into and out of the mask assembly (2), with unfiltered air from the surrounding environment. Through the inlet (8), through the Weng (9) for the unfiltered air pass-through program, and then use the motor or impeller (10) to cause air flow 'through the inlet air duct (6) to reach the beer suction chamber (7). 13 201212973 User exhaled to the mask assembly ( 2) The air inside, the breathing chamber (7) will be transmitted to the surrounding environment through the outlet (9) through the air outlet and the air duct (7). The typical air flow in the breathing apparatus (1) of the present invention is indicated by the arrow in the sixth figure. The invention also includes suitable electronic components (12), batteries or the like (10) and other components, and the preferred embodiment is lighter on the neck assembly (3). The preferred embodiment of the neck assembly (3) further includes a neck lining (14) to provide cushioning for the user to feel comfortable, and to help maintain the seal of the mask assembly when the user's head is active. The seventh diagram is a diagram of the features of the various components of the breathing apparatus that are typically included in the neck assembly (3) and their interrelationships. It also shows a selective power supply package provided by the air flow generating device (4) and the neck assembly (3) through the air passage to the mask assembly (2). I Dynamic Connection and Tension System The existing PAPR (A powered air purifying respirator) device does not use the same device to fix the mask to the face and supply air to the mask assembly. For example, many PAPRs use an elastic hose to supply air from the air flow generating device (A) to the mask assembly and a separate headline to secure the mask assembly to the face. Others install a fan on the top of the user's head to directly vent air to the mask assembly, but still use a separate strap or string to secure the mask assembly to the face. In these prior art devices, the user is forced to assemble or disassemble the composite connector assembly each time the device is undressed. In addition, when the device's fan and mask group 201212973, the consumption of the Qiaoqi Qiling Ridge, there is a risk that the fan or control electronics will face the water. The holding wire is supplied to the wire of the hood or the tension of the component 7 is set. The preferred embodiment is provided by the air flow generating device and the mask main age connecting component. The ideal case also includes when the need to record the embodiment of the planting secret mask assembly completely generated from the air flow (10) knife off. The present invention is a combination of a functional component of a pneumatic coupling clamp used in a backpack or other piece of luggage to achieve both of the above objectives. As shown in the eighth figure, the combiner (10) comprises two parts, one for the mask assembly file (2) and one for the neck portion (22), each of which is fixed to an elastic tube. Each and read has its own air passages (23) and (24) so that air can pass through the coupler. A sealing structure is formed on one of the elastic tubes. Thus, when the coupler (20) is installed, it presses the other half of the loam (2〇). In this form, however, the preferred embodiment is a wiper seal construction because this design produces less friction when assembling or removing the clamp. Alternatively, the seal can be closed-wire or a separate component that is cast onto its or other jaw faces (e.g., like a 0-ring). Both sides of the coupler (20) are designed to transmit tension from one synthetic rubber tube to another - but are also easily released. For example, they may be provided on the opposite side of the rod-shaped component with one or more rod-like elements—the combination of the half-remaining device, and the “J-hook in the structure is characterized by the large button opening”, pressing them. The barbs can be disengaged and the sides separated. 15 201212973 In the preferred embodiment, two such couplers (20) are used, one in the air duct (6) and one out air duct (7). Under normal use, when the device is removed from the head, only one coupler (2 turns) is separated. However, when the mask assembly requires cleaning, the other coupler (20) can also be opened so that the air flow generating device (A) or the neck assembly (3) is completely separated from the mask assembly (2). Single Action Adjustment of the Mask The design of the existing PAPR (A powered air purifying respirator) device basically relies on elastic bands or other rigid belts to maintain the tightness of the mask assembly, making it dense with the user's face. Hehe. Both of these methods are difficult and slow to make adjustments, and are prone to other problems. In particular, the adjustment of this elastic belt has a considerable amount of power to be added. The mode does not compensate for any change in distance between the air flow generating device and the user's face, such as when the head is active. For this reason, they are prone to leaks between the mask assembly cushion and the face. The eighth figure shows the use of the breathing apparatus (1) of the present invention. The device (2〇) ' engages the neck assembly (3) with the mask assembly P. The dispersive perspective of the parts of Figures A and VIIIB shows that the conjugate (2〇) has been shown as a bite; the eighth figure C is a cross-sectional view. The inhaler (20) includes a mask portion (22) of the neck portion of the burdock (21), and includes a matching air passage (23) and (24) ' and a coupling member (25), (26) to A detachable way to fully clamp the component to the n-outer attachment (27) is free to choose whether or not to attach it to connect the additional elastic cord that can be placed on the user's head in 201212973. The ratchet row (28) can also be used to adjust the size of the assembled breathing apparatus (1), as described below. Figure 8C is a cross-sectional view of the connecting air passages (23) and (24) illustrating how the closed air passage is formed. This design overcomes the deficiencies in prior art devices by providing several unique features. First, the preferred embodiment of the mounting point is designed to be mounted about the neck assembly (3) and the mask-n-core. The mounting is in the form of a good fit (or clamp) to allow the neck assembly (3) to The mask assembly (2) is separated. Secondly, from the ampoule point to the mask assembly (2), the preferred embodiment uses an elastic rubber tube, so that the elastic rubber tube does not need to be adjusted in length, and the connecting member (3) and the mask can be connected. The assembly (2) provides some flexibility to compensate for changes in the distance between the air flow generating device (A) and the face when the user moves their head. The second 'in the ampoule point and neck assembly (3) A rigid link is installed between them. In addition, a ratchet row (28) can be mounted at the neck assembly (3), operating between it and the rigid link to the installation point. This preferred embodiment of the mechanical planting Designed to make the rigid link shorten, but it is not allowed to extend unless the release button is pressed. The operation of this mechanical device usually operates as the p breathing device (1) can be initially set to the user to set the maximum size (ie just Hard link mode, set at maximum length When the user first tries on the breathing apparatus (1), they only need to put one hand on the neck assembly (3) (behind their head) and the other hand in the mask assembly (2) On the front side (in front of the face), gently push them together.. To this single-action 'that is ok, _ Wei miscellaneous pieces (3) with the mask 2 17 201212973 pieces (2) the desired elastic degree.
Control 寒冷或乾燥氣候，空氣中缺乏足夠濕度會引起極大不適， 包括鼻管、嘴唇會概和裂開，α及鼻子會感制冷别。現有 PAPH(A powered air purifying respirator)裝置設計中，沒有任何 -種有提供σ雜件级之溫度或毅控制。本剌之目的係 改正這些缺陷，使呼吸裝置(1)在任何氣候條件下進行配戴或 使用時’都能感覺舒適。 第九圖至第十五圖係在說明代表使用於本發明之呼吸裝 置之空氣溫度/溼度控制裝置。 加熱器/冷卻器(40)可放置在氣流中的任何地方，例如像 第九圖至第十二圖所表示，加熱器/冷卻器(4〇)直接在入口濾 材(41)後面，在濾材(41)與風箱(42)之間，或如第十五圖所示， 加熱器可放置於風箱(42)與連接至口罩組件(2)之貯槽(43)間的 管道，或者就在口罩組件(2)本身。 藉由舉例說明，以下加熱元件類型通常可被納入呼吸裝置 内。其中包括彈性加熱元件（由被夾在如聚酯或聚亞醯胺 (polyimide)等塑膠絕緣層之間之銅或錄基履帶(加淡)製成），藉 由電流通過其中以進行加熱，其他加熱器包括電阻元件、使用 珀爾帖效應(Peltier effect)之裝置（其可加熱或冷卻如來自 Nextreme散熱解決方案之Opto Cooler HV14)、空氣路徑、口 201212973 罩組件或叙入其結構壁中的電阻絲、以及導電油墨印在基材上 並且有電流通過之加熱器。 此外’透過適當例子，冷卻裝置通常包括使用_帖效應 (Peltier effect)之裝置(例如像來自Nextreme散熱解決方案之Control Cold or dry weather, lack of sufficient humidity in the air can cause great discomfort, including nasal tubes, lips and cracks, and α and nose will feel cold. In the design of the existing PAPH (A powered air purifying respirator) device, there is no temperature or control that provides the σ miscellaneous component level. The purpose of this is to correct these defects so that the breathing apparatus (1) can feel comfortable when worn or used in any climatic conditions. The ninth through fifteenth drawings are illustrative of air temperature/humidity control devices representative of the breathing apparatus used in the present invention. The heater/cooler (40) can be placed anywhere in the gas stream, for example as shown in Figures 9 through 12, the heater/cooler (4〇) directly behind the inlet filter (41), in the filter media (41) Between the bellows (42), or as shown in Fig. 15, the heater can be placed in the duct between the bellows (42) and the sump (43) connected to the mask assembly (2), or In the mask assembly (2) itself. By way of example, the following types of heating elements can generally be incorporated into the breathing apparatus. These include an elastic heating element (made of copper or a track track (lightening) sandwiched between plastic insulation layers such as polyester or polyimide, through which current is passed for heating, Other heaters include resistive components, devices using the Peltier effect (which can heat or cool Opto Cooler HV14 from Nextreme thermal solutions), air path, port 201212973 cover assembly or into its structural walls The resistance wire, and the conductive ink are printed on the substrate and have a current through which the heater passes. Furthermore, by appropriate examples, cooling devices typically include devices that use the Peltier effect (eg, from a Nextreme thermal solution).
OptoQKtoHVH)、蒸發器，其中液體係處於與氣流保持熱接 觸之狀態，以允許蒸發’其中改變流體從液體到氣體所需之能 量由氣流提供，當它通過液體後，就會變冷。 • 更理想之形式，該裝置以溫度感測器在口罩組件(2)上或 靠近口罩組件(2)處所測得之讀數為基準，以調整口罩組件(2) 空氣溫度。或者該裝置可感覺周圍空氣溫度，再依據空氣流率 之讀數(或估計)計算出口罩組件空氣之溫度。在此執行中，該 裝置讀取周圍空氣溫度和(選擇性)空氣流率，然後再查詢實驗 測定值對照表’辨別空氣透過該裝置會對病人加熱或冷卻多少 (溫度）。另外，實驗測定加熱/冷卻值可在一允許預期口罩組 籲 件空氣溫度進行計算之數學公式裡體現。 口罩組件(2)目標空氣溫度較佳實施例在使用者控制下(即 使用者可以設定目標溫度）。另外目標空氣溫度會默認大多數 使用者覺得舒適之數值。理想情況下，默認值可能有所不同， 取決於環境溫度。例如大多數使用者會發現’當天氣寒冷時， 攝氏30 - 32度的溫度是舒適的，但當天氣炎熱時，較低溫度 或許更受青睞(或許攝氏18-20度）。 為了控制口罩組件空氣濕度’呼吸裝置(1)可安裝一貯槽 19 201212973 (43)和一生產控制蒸發工具。貯槽(43)可放置於空氣流量產生 裝置(A)内部、或是完成成品後再與之夾緊，也可設置於其他 地方(例如使用者的腰帶上），裝設管線或其他佈置，從它傳送 水至蒸發器模組。將蒸發器模組與加熱/冷卻模組組合在一起 也很方便。 蒸發器可放置在氣流的任何一處，例如直接在入口遽材 (41)後，在風箱(42)和口罩組件(2)之間或口罩組件(2)内部。蒸 發器可採取多種形式’如下所述。 第Η—圖係在說明一種蒸發器模組之實施例，可以是一芯 材(44)，可以自動將水從濕的區域傳送到乾的區域。例子包括 織物或其他由棉或粗麻布或合成纖維，如裸玻璃纖維所製成。 此種蒸發器較佳實施例與加熱器(4〇)密切接觸，以促進迅速蒸 發，並取代當水由液態轉變為蒸汽時所失去之能量。這樣，蒸 發之冷卻作用可被調整或取消。 較佳實施例此種芯材(44)容易更換，定期更換芯材(44)很 重要，以避免來自水中之污染物積聚(如碳酸鈣)以及芯材(44) 上有機體之生長。有一類燈芯很容易改變，如第十二圖所示。 在這個例子中’芯材(44)已與濾材(41)相結合，其本身就與濾 材架(46)相連結，以致於每次更換濾材(41)時，芯材(44)就會跟 著改變。 第十三圖係另一種芯材之設計，該芯材包括四個套筒(52) 分別被納入四個指柱(50)，放置於入口濾材(41)後方之空氣路 201212973 — 徑(如箭頭所指示）。水從水箱經由入口(51)流向指柱(50)。來自 指柱(50)之熱度導致水蒸發，逐漸散到氣流中》當套筒(52)需 要改變時’可以在樞軸上轉動至濾材(41)區域處，如第十三圖 B所示。 第十三圖C與第十四圖係此設計之兩種不同變體。第一 個實施例如第十三圖C所示，水來自固定之小喷嘴(53)，以擠 壓芯材套筒(52)之外部。此一實施例中，指柱(5〇)可以是金屬 φ 管，其中可放置電阻絲。第二個實施例中，如第十四圖所示， 加熱指柱(50)為中空，並且在其邊緣裝有小型排水孔(54)。水 被引入至加熱指柱(50) ’通過該排水孔(54)，流向芯材套筒 (52)，再從那裡進入到空氣路徑。 第十圖係一蒸發器模組，其使用薄膜以從空氣路徑中分離 液態水。這些系統包括一由某種材料(44)覆蓋之貯槽(43)，只 允許水蒸汽而非液態水通過。 • 此種材料之例子係擴充之鐵氟龍薄膜(WL Gore之Gortex 以及其他類似品)和flashspun高密度聚乙烯(Dupont之Tyvek 以及其他類似品）。該貯水槽可加熱或不加熱，但是不加熱之 貯水槽將提供低濕度輸出。加熱變化形式中，水被加熱到一定 尚溫(直到攝氏100度），蒸氣穿過薄膜進入氣流。然而，液體 水不能穿過薄膜’即使貯水槽被攪動或上下倒置。該貯槽(43) 可以係由主要水箱供應之小容積；或者也可以是水箱本身。 覆蓋貯槽(43)的薄膜(44)容易因為水中污染物阻塞，因此 21 201212973 較佳實施例此薄膜可容易更換。 由於薄膜(4句與剩餘貯槽(43)之間的接合點有受到一些壓 力差（由於水加熱以及其對蒸汽流抵抗力），因此貯槽⑹使用 之薄膜(44)較佳實施例係未開封的(即工廠密封的）。在此實施 例中’貯槽(43)安裝在遽材(句之冑面。貯槽⑷)其中一面係由 如上所述之航滲透馳所製成，*另—闕是由金屬薄月所 製成。另-種選擇係金屬薄片可由塑膠替代，無論是自然狀態 或是塗有金屬(例如鋁），以改善其傳熱導特性。 严當遽材⑼已安裝’貯槽(43)之金屬薄片面被一安裝於空 氣机里產生裝置内之加熱器所擠壓。貯槽(幻)之金屬薄片一半 對面對空氣雜之蒸汽滲透_為密封(膠合或焊接)狀態。水 從外部水箱概人雜(4勒，鑛_3) +的水加熱會引起 ，發^水蒸汽進人氣流’而液體留在貯槽(43)。較佳實施例外 4水相位於貯槽(43)之上。如果這樣做，貯槽(43)就會因為重 力轉送而自動被填滿。 另外’薄膜可些確保其本身與貯槽(43)間之緊密密 ^之簡單方法來進行安裝。實施例包括自#密封和橡膠密封。 ，用自㈣封之設計當中，替換薄膜可以係—塊雙面自黏材 =(例如3M的VHB膠帶）。膠帶的-邊在工廠内就進行與薄 2合之程式，而另-邊則留待保護罩之覆蓋。更換薄膜，、舊 =破去除’倾罩從料㈣被去除，叫_被安装放好。 在使用橡膠密封之設計當中，-個標準材料(例如性塑 22 201212973 — 膠彈性體’如E伽n Mobil Chemical的San_e_L著薄膜邊 緣鍀模。制此種㈣被_麵水顺线流量產生裝置的 另一組件之間的凸緣，從而創造一密封(效果）。 在水與空氣路徑之間使用薄膜的另外一個優勢係，大多數 此類薄膜可以阻止細菌運動，從而提供一定保護，以防止增濕 機中受污染水之使用。 、 理想的方式，係口罩組件空氣相對濕度_由一口罩組件 # 巾或其附近之相對濕度感測器的對照(數據)來控制。該感測器 將理想地感應絕對濕度(每一公升空氣中之水克數)和溫度，以 計算出相對濕度。 另外《»緣置也可感應周圍環境濕度，然後利用其口罩組 件空氣溫度之細知識(或估計)來推斷口罩組件之相對渥度。 口罩組件目標濕度可由使用者控制，例如經由一使用者介OptoQKtoHVH), an evaporator in which the liquid system is in a state of being in thermal contact with the gas stream to allow evaporation. The energy required to change the fluid from the liquid to the gas is provided by the gas stream, which becomes cold as it passes through the liquid. • In a more desirable form, the device is based on a reading of the temperature sensor on or near the mask assembly (2) to adjust the air temperature of the mask assembly (2). Or the device senses the ambient air temperature and then calculates the temperature of the outlet hood assembly air based on the reading (or estimate) of the air flow rate. In this implementation, the device reads the ambient air temperature and (selective) air flow rate, and then queries the experimental measured value table to determine how much (temperature) the air will heat or cool through the device. In addition, the experimental determination of the heating/cooling value can be embodied in a mathematical formula that allows the calculation of the expected air temperature of the mask set. The mask assembly (2) target air temperature is preferably controlled under user control (i.e., the user can set the target temperature). In addition, the target air temperature will default to the value that most users find comfortable. Ideally, the default values may vary, depending on the ambient temperature. For example, most users will find that when the weather is cold, the temperature of 30-32 degrees Celsius is comfortable, but when the weather is hot, the lower temperature may be more popular (maybe 18-20 degrees Celsius). In order to control the air humidity of the mask assembly, the breathing apparatus (1) can be fitted with a tank 19 201212973 (43) and a production control evaporation tool. The sump (43) can be placed inside the air flow generating device (A), or after the finished product is finished, and can be clamped to other places (such as the user's belt), installed with pipelines or other arrangements, from It delivers water to the evaporator module. It is also convenient to combine the evaporator module with the heating/cooling module. The evaporator can be placed anywhere in the air stream, such as directly after the inlet coffin (41), between the bellows (42) and the mask assembly (2) or inside the mask assembly (2). The evaporator can take a variety of forms as described below. The first embodiment illustrates an embodiment of an evaporator module that can be a core (44) that automatically transfers water from a wet area to a dry area. Examples include fabrics or other fabrics made of cotton or burlap or synthetic fibers such as bare glass fibers. The preferred embodiment of such an evaporator is in intimate contact with the heater (4〇) to promote rapid evaporation and to replace the energy lost when the water is converted from liquid to vapor. Thus, the cooling effect of evaporation can be adjusted or eliminated. The preferred embodiment of such a core material (44) is easily replaceable, and it is important to periodically replace the core material (44) to avoid accumulation of contaminants from the water (e.g., calcium carbonate) and growth of the organism on the core material (44). There is a type of wick that can be easily changed, as shown in Figure 12. In this example, the core material (44) has been combined with the filter material (41), which itself is coupled to the filter material holder (46) so that the core material (44) will follow each time the filter material (41) is replaced. change. The thirteenth figure is another core material design, the core material includes four sleeves (52) respectively incorporated into four finger posts (50), and an air path 201212973 placed behind the inlet filter material (41). As indicated by the arrow). Water flows from the water tank to the finger column (50) via the inlet (51). The heat from the finger column (50) causes the water to evaporate and gradually dissipates into the airflow. "When the sleeve (52) needs to be changed, it can be pivoted to the area of the filter material (41), as shown in Figure XB. . Thirteenth and Cth drawings are two different variants of this design. The first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 13C, shows water from a fixed small nozzle (53) to squeeze the outside of the core sleeve (52). In this embodiment, the finger post (5〇) may be a metal φ tube in which a resistance wire can be placed. In the second embodiment, as shown in Fig. 14, the heated finger post (50) is hollow and has a small drain hole (54) at its edge. Water is introduced into the heated finger column (50) through the drain hole (54), to the core sleeve (52), and from there to the air path. The tenth figure is an evaporator module that uses a membrane to separate liquid water from the air path. These systems include a sump (43) covered by a material (44) that allows only water vapor rather than liquid water to pass. • Examples of such materials are expanded Teflon films (Gortex and other similar products from WL Gore) and flashspun high density polyethylene (Tyvek from Dupont and others). The sump can be heated or unheated, but a non-heated sump will provide a low humidity output. In the heating variant, the water is heated to a certain temperature (up to 100 degrees Celsius) and the vapor passes through the membrane into the gas stream. However, liquid water cannot pass through the film' even if the water tank is agitated or inverted upside down. The sump (43) may be a small volume supplied by the main tank; or it may be the tank itself. The film (44) covering the sump (43) is easily blocked by contaminants in the water, and therefore the film is easily replaceable in the preferred embodiment. The preferred embodiment of the film (44) used in the sump (6) is unopened due to the pressure difference between the film (the four sentences and the remaining sump (43) (due to water heating and its resistance to steam flow). In this embodiment, the 'storage tank (43) is installed in the coffin (the sump of the sentence. The sump (4)), one side of which is made by the above-mentioned voyage, * another 阙It is made of thin metal moon. Another choice is that the metal foil can be replaced by plastic, whether it is natural or coated with metal (such as aluminum) to improve its heat transfer characteristics. Strictly used coffin (9) has been installed' The metal foil surface of the sump (43) is squeezed by a heater installed in the air generating device. The sump of the sump is immersed in the vapor facing the air, and is sealed (glued or welded). The water is heated from the external water tank (4 liters, mine _3) + water heating will cause the water vapor to enter the human air stream ' while the liquid remains in the sump (43). The preferred embodiment 4 water phase is located in the storage tank ( 43) Above. If this is done, the sump (43) will be automatically filled due to gravity transfer. In addition, the film can be mounted in a simple way to ensure its tightness with the sump (43). Examples include self-sealing and rubber sealing. In the design of the (four) seal, the replacement film can be used - Block double-sided self-adhesive material = (for example, 3M VHB tape). The edge of the tape is placed in the factory with the thin 2, while the other side is left to cover the protective cover. Replace the film, old = broken 'The shroud is removed from the material (4), called _ is installed. In the design of the rubber seal, a standard material (such as plastic 22 201212973 - rubber elastomer) such as E ga n Mobil Chemical's San_e_L film edge鍀 mold. This (4) is the flange between the other components of the _ surface water flow generating device, thereby creating a seal (effect). Another advantage of using a film between the water and air path is large Most of these membranes prevent bacterial movement and provide some protection against the use of contaminated water in the humidifier. Ideally, the mask is air relative humidity _ by a mask assembly # Controlled by the sensor (data), the sensor will ideally sense absolute humidity (grams of water per liter of air) and temperature to calculate relative humidity. Ambient humidity, then use the knowledge (or estimate) of the air temperature of the mask assembly to infer the relative strength of the mask assembly. The target component humidity can be controlled by the user, for example via a user interface.
面所設定之「口罩組件相對歷度」。另外，該褒置可針對一已 經由實驗證實’適合多數使用者之默雛。此數值-般在相對 濕度60%至80%的範圍之間。 另外’使用者可以透過一開環系統來控制濕度，其中使用 者控制對蒸發器模組之電力。 、 在某些情況下，例如’由於生產成核魏條件之緣故， 並不需要财增韻之加熱/冷卻·。在北半球廣大區域 中’-年當中可能會有很長一段時間所呈現的是寒冷且潮濕之 環境，例如像英國、俄羅斯和加拿大。 ’' 23 201212973 本發明另外-種實施例如如第十五圖所示小巧加熱模組 =，只需要用到裝置的小部分空間，Μ製造成本有利於成 ^口罩組件空氣溫度。在此_’―個容易安裝拆卸之加執 模組加熱模組⑼可以藉由快速變更配件過程以滿足一 _ 定市場絲，而並雜費心、力去修改裝置。這加熱模組⑼實 施例包括三個主要組成部分：—個加熱元件、熱絕緣體和支撐 物0 加熱元件可用於產生熱量，以增加至通過空氣。各類加熱 器適用於本實施例，包括PTC發熱體、高度緊密線圈加熱器。# 電源可利用一外加插頭電線從pCB取得，就像裝置中其他能 源消耗部分-樣。加熱模組實施例之一，如第十五圖所示，其 中加熱模組安裝在呼吸裝置的氣流處。 ptc以其高相容性以及突出的輸出性能所聞名。此陶究塊 可製作成不同的電壓輸入和輸出功率，以滿足不同標準。 e PTC加熱器薄板可置於空氣通道中，通常製成蜂巢狀，以 提供較大表Φ積和結構歡性。找觀至加熱板，被迫擠壓 通過蜂巢狀物。此中，熱量已被相對减之空氣吸收。 一旦空氣離開薄板並且進入波紋管(bdlow)，它已經升溫。 線圈被拿來作為加熱元件已歷史悠久。其結構簡單，可低 技術製造，而且可以利用幾輪線圈在有限的空間製成高度緊密 (物）。在此期間，其性能與其結構有線性關係，這使得它易於 控制。 24 201212973 類似吹風機中的加熱器，線圈可以添加至模組中的空氣通 道。超大面積和對氣流的最少幹擾提供順暢傳熱。已經證實線 圈加熱器有能力加熱大量氣流到一期望溫度。 柔性加熱器包括包覆在兩層電媒介絕緣材料之高性能加 熱絲’薄紹片散熱鰭片附著在其表面兩側，具有極大潛力足以 均勻將熱散發至空氣中。由於其靈活性，此類加熱器可彎曲成 一不規則形狀，以適應空氣路徑。 旅材配件 Filter Assenuhly 現有 PAPR(A powered air purifying respirator)裝置爲了特 定氣體，通常必須使用特定氣體濾材，往往規定環境一相當高 氣體濃度指標，其要求規定濾材用之顯著物理尺寸。這對典型 城市街道污染物之保護並不實際’其中空氣污染物可以是下列 氣體的其中一種或全部：一氧化碳(C〇)、氮氧化物@〇^、二 氧化硫(S02)、臭氧(03)、揮發性有機化合物(v〇Cs)、煙霧、 氨(Ammonia)等’但相對於多數pApR所適用之典型工業環境 之濃度來得低。 本發明介紹一種結構輕薄之特殊濾材，除微粒過濾外，還 能過濾最常見的街頭氣體污染物，使其在口罩組件内部從不健 康變成良好(空氣）。氣體過丨祕通過活性碳;慮材和細媒濾材 其中任-個或是兩個-起作財得以實現之，述光觸媒渡材 較佳實施例以二氧化鈦(Ti02)製成，並且在各種燈光下均易產 生反應’難實_雜準LED。這使料_的不需要， 25 201212973 有助於提高產品安全性。 第十六圖A係濾材組裝之組裝形式，而第十六圖8則係 零件分散形式。濾材組件(60)包括一濾材框架(61)、主濾材 (62)(HEPA濾材)和微粒濾罩(63) ’另外還包括波士頓型態之閥 門(64)。濾材較佳實施例包覆在一輕薄(1〇wpr〇file)濾材框架(61) 内，附上使用者可拆卸濾罩(63)。濾罩(63)具有多個開口 /插 槽’得以讓空氣進人’也可將環境統帶人。鮮(63)以及渡 材插架⑹)也可透光。-光線反射塗層可應用於該鮮㈣的 内4。3亥遽罩(63)被一細薄間隙將之與主濾材(62)分開。此間 隙爲通過主;慮材(62)之均自氣流分佈提供了—個·。它還爲 减光線提供了所需空間，以便能夠更分佈在域材⑹)表 面’如果係適當的話。 夕數現有呼吸裝置⑴使用閥門來控制口罩組件⑺排出氣 體° _吸氣時_、呼氣時開啟。然:而’此機械裝置允許啤 出的空乳在呼㈣外界界環境之前不經猶。在某些情況下， ’例如像在病毒感染病人配"Resistance of the mask component" set by the face. In addition, the device can be used for a silent experiment that has been confirmed by experiments to be suitable for most users. This value is generally between 60% and 80% relative humidity. In addition, the user can control the humidity through an open loop system in which the user controls the power to the evaporator module. In some cases, for example, due to the conditions of production nucleation, there is no need for heating/cooling of the rhyme. In the vast area of the northern hemisphere, there may be a long and long period of cold and humid environment, such as the United Kingdom, Russia and Canada. Another embodiment of the present invention, such as the compact heating module shown in Fig. 15, requires only a small portion of the space of the device, and the manufacturing cost is advantageous for the air temperature of the mask assembly. Here, the EA module heating module (9) can be easily installed and disassembled to quickly change the accessory process to meet a certain market, and to modify the device with great effort. The heating module (9) embodiment includes three main components: a heating element, a thermal insulator and a support 0. The heating element can be used to generate heat to increase to the passing air. Various types of heaters are suitable for use in this embodiment, including PTC heating elements and highly compact coil heaters. # Power can be taken from the pCB with an external plug wire, just like other energy-consuming parts of the device. One of the embodiments of the heating module, as shown in Fig. 15, wherein the heating module is installed at the airflow of the breathing apparatus. Ptc is known for its high compatibility and outstanding output performance. This ceramic block can be fabricated with different voltage input and output power to meet different standards. e PTC heater sheets can be placed in air passages, usually in the form of honeycombs, to provide a large gauge and structural comfort. Look into the heating plate and be forced to squeeze through the honeycomb. Here, the heat has been absorbed by the relative air. Once the air leaves the sheet and enters the bellows (bdlow), it has warmed up. The coil has been used as a heating element for a long time. The structure is simple, can be manufactured with low technology, and can be made highly compact in a limited space by using several coils. During this time, its performance has a linear relationship with its structure, which makes it easy to control. 24 201212973 Similar to the heater in the blower, the coil can be added to the air channel in the module. The large area and minimal interference to the airflow provide smooth heat transfer. It has been demonstrated that the coil heater has the ability to heat a large amount of gas to a desired temperature. The flexible heater consists of a high-performance heating wire coated with two layers of dielectric insulation. The thin-film fins are attached to both sides of the surface and have great potential to evenly dissipate heat into the air. Due to their flexibility, such heaters can be bent into an irregular shape to accommodate the air path. Travel Asseuhly The existing PAPR (A powered air purifying respirator) device usually requires the use of a specific gas filter material for a specific gas. It is often required to specify a relatively high gas concentration index for the environment, which requires a significant physical size for the filter material. This is not practical for the protection of pollutants in typical urban streets. The air pollutants may be one or all of the following gases: carbon monoxide (C〇), nitrogen oxides @〇^, sulfur dioxide (S02), ozone (03), Volatile organic compounds (v〇Cs), smog, ammonia (Ammonia), etc. are low relative to the concentration of typical industrial environments in which most pApRs are suitable. The present invention introduces a lightweight, special filter material that, in addition to particulate filtration, filters the most common street gas contaminants and changes from unhealthy to good (air) inside the mask assembly. The gas is passed through the activated carbon; the material and the fine media filter are realized in one or both of them. The preferred embodiment of the photocatalyst is made of titanium dioxide (Ti02) and is used in various lights. It is easy to produce a reaction under the 'difficulty _ miscellaneous LED. This makes the material _ unnecessary, 25 201212973 helps to improve product safety. Fig. 16A shows the assembled form of the filter material assembly, and Fig. 16 shows the assembled form of the parts. The filter assembly (60) includes a filter frame (61), a primary filter (62) (HEPA filter), and a particulate filter (63)' additionally including a Boston type valve (64). The preferred embodiment of the filter material is enclosed in a light-weight (1〇wpr〇file) filter frame (61) with a user removable filter cover (63). The filter housing (63) has a plurality of openings/inserts 'to allow air to enter the person' or to bring the environment to the fore. Fresh (63) and the ferry insert (6) are also transparent. - A light reflecting coating can be applied to the inner 4. 4 inner cover (63) separated from the main filter (62) by a thin gap. This gap is provided by the main; the material (62) is provided by the airflow distribution. It also provides the space needed to reduce the light so that it can be more distributed over the surface of the domain (6)) if appropriate. The existing breathing apparatus (1) uses a valve to control the mask assembly (7) to discharge the gas ° _ when inhaling _, when exhaling. However: and this mechanical device allows the empty milk of the beer to pass through before the environment of the external environment. In some cases, 'for example, like a virus infected patient
吳樣並不綠迎，甚至對他人有害，例如 戴該裝置、或食品加工卫人喊該裝置時 26 201212973 先’使用者將手指伸入至保險開關(爾滤蓋㈤ 提供一超過中心歸裝置(73)，遽蓋(71)因此可自 組件(70)被移開’因此滤材組件_可以被更換，如第十七圖B 中的箭頭所指示那樣。 各種可選赌_可選擇使用，如第权圖am所示。 义在一個實施例，如第十八圖A所示，遽材組件(8〇)包括一 個前部騎(81)和-hEPA微粒濾材(82)。前部濾材(81)係在遽 罩㈣後面的帛一個遽村元件，保護該騰八絲渡材⑻）。 較佳實施例制者可㈣拆卸前部紐(81)與卿八微粒遽材 (82)。前部濾材(81)可由合適之合成纖維所製成，例如像聚丙 烯，較佳實施例具有效率等於或高於90%(粒徑5/ζιη左右及 以上）。前部濾材(81)並未起褶，使其適合作為基礎材料，以注 入光觸媒媒介。 在另一項實施例，如第十八圖B所示，滤材組件(8〇)包括 一個前部濾材(81)、一活性碳濾材(84)和一 HEPA微粒濾材 (82) ’前部濾材(81)係在濾罩(83)後面的第一個濾材元件，保護 活性碳(84)和HEPA微粒濾材(82)。使用者可輕易拆卸所有濾 材。 在另一項實施例，如第十八圖C所示，渡材組件(8〇)包括 一光觸媒複合前部濾材(85)、一活性碳濾材(84)以及一 HEPA 微粒濾材(82)。光觸媒複合前部濾材(85)係在濾罩(83)後面的第 一個濾材元件，保護活性碳濾材(84)和HEPA微粒濾材(82)。 27 201212973 使用者可輕易拆卸所有遽材。只要有日光，光觸媒複合前部渡 材(85)就會活動。一旦被啟動，光觸媒複合前部遽材㈣將開 始分解典型有害氣體污染物。 在另-項實施例’如第十八圖D所示，濾材組件(8〇)包括 一光觸媒複合前部濾材(85)、一活性碳濾材(84)以及一取伙 微粒濾材(82)。光觸媒複合前部濾材(85)係在濾罩(83)後面的第 一個濾材το件，保護活性碳濾材(84)和证伙微粒濾材(82)。 使用者可輕易拆卸所有濾材。一陣列LED(86)安裝在濾罩(83) 的背面。LED(86)也可安裝在靠近人口外殼的牆壁周圍。 LED(86)和電路被封裝在一個生物相容薄膜或蓋子内。較佳實 施例’ LED(86)只有在環境光線強度低於一預先定義閾值時才 開啟，藉由一光感測器監測。因此，在有需要時，光觸媒媒介 總是可以被活化，即使環境光線不足或根本沒有。 在另一項實施例，如第十八圖E所示，濾材組件(8〇)包括 一前部濾材(81)、一活性碳濾材(84)、一 微粒濾材(82)、 以及一出口方光觸媒複合濾材(87)β前部濾材(81)係在濾罩(83) 後面的第一個濾材元件，保護活性碳濾材(84)和ρ^ΡΑ微粒濾 材(82)使用者可輕易拆卸所有滤材。一陣列LED(88)安裝在外 殼牆壁的内部，面對出口方光觸媒複合濾材(87)。LED(88)也 可文裴％繞罪近出口處之外殼牆壁。較佳實施例，LED(88)只 有在環境光線強度低於—預先定細值時才開啟，藉由一光感 測器監測。因此，出口方光觸媒複合濾材(87)總是可以被活 化，即使環境光線不足或根本沒有。LED(88)和電路被封裝在 28 201212973 - 一個生物相容薄膜或蓋子内。 在另-項實施例，如第18圖F所示，濾材組件㈣包括 一光觸媒複合前部着⑻）、—HEPA微粒濾材㈣。光觸媒 複合前部濾、材⑽係在濾、罩(83)後面的第一倾材元件，保護 HEPA微粒着(82)。制者可輕祕卸所有濾材。只要有日 光’光觸媒複合前部濾材㈣就會活動。一旦被啟動，光觸媒 複合前部濾材(85)將開始分解典型有害氣體污染物。 • 在另一項實施例，如第十八圖G所示，濾材組件(80)包括 一光觸媒複合前部濾材(85)、一 ΠΕΡΑ微粒濾材(82)。光觸媒 複合前部濾材(85)係在濾罩(83)後面的第一個濾材元件，保護 ΗΕΡΑ微粒濾材(82)。使用者可輕易拆卸所有濾材。一陣列 LED(86)安裝在濾罩(83)的背面。LED(86)也可安裝在靠近入口 外殼的牆壁周圍^ LED(86)和電路被封裝在一個生物相容薄膜 或蓋子内。較佳實施例LED(86)只有在環境光線強度低於一預 φ 先定義閾值時才開啟，藉由一光感測器監測。因此，在有需要 時’光觸媒媒介總是可以被活化，即使環境光線不足或根本沒 有。 在另一項實施例，如第十八圖Η所示，濾材組件(8〇)包括 一前部濾材(81)、一 ΗΕΡΑ微粒濾材(82)和一光觸媒複合濾材 (87)。前部濾材(81)係在濾罩(83)後面的第一個濾材元件，保護 光觸媒複合濾材(87)和ΗΕΡΑ微粒濾材(82)。使用者可輕易拆 卸所有濾材。一陣列LED(88)安裝在外殼牆壁的内部，面對光 29 201212973 觸媒複合濾材(87)。LED(88)也可安裝環繞靠近出口處之外殼 牆壁。較佳實施例，LED (88)只有在環境光線強度低於一預先 定義閾值時才開啟，藉由一光感測器監測❶因此，光觸媒複合 濾材(87)之光觸媒媒介總是可以被活化，即使環境光線不足或 根本沒有。LED(88)和電路被封裝在一個生物相容薄膜或蓋子 内。 在另一項實施例，如第十八圖〗所示，濾材組件(8〇)包括 一刖部濾材和活性碳濾材。該前部濾材被選擇作為主要微粒濾 材，以便提供必要過濾效率，除了保護活性碳濾材之外。較佳 實施例使用者可輕易拆卸前部濾材與活性碳濾材。 前部濾材和活性碳濾材可疊放為一使用者可更換之配 件’例如像-個簡單熱枯合過程。活性碳、卿八與光觸媒滤 材也可叠放為·-配件。 HEPA紐難纽财99.97%㈣鱗(在微粒等於或 超過〇.3/zm時）’相當於大多數PAPR所提供之性能。_八 遽材較佳實施例由_於過義體和液體微粒之玻璃纖維紙 製成。 活性碳赌和糊媒着以互_方式運作_ 材藉由阻止有·體並使其減速，以提供對多數有害氣體之；： 般初步過;慮’匕也可以去除異味和揮發性有機化合物 (VOCs) ’如條(fQmiaidehyde);同時，光觸職材持續運作， 具體分解有害氣體成水和二氧化碳，特別是一氧化碳、二氧化 30 201212973 " 氮、二氧化硫、臭氧和氨。它也可以消毒可能含有病菌、細菌 和病毒之空氣。 使用者可以打開/關閉LED，以控制濾材殺菌消毒功能， 即使係在該裝置不使用時，如此一來使得病菌和病毒無法生 存LED可以打開和關閉’與人的呼吸同步。可以係任 何標準LED或紫外線LED。搭配光觸媒濾材大小和雜之光 線室係用來傳輸來自LED的光線。較佳實施例一薄擴散膜係 • 用來均勻地傳輸來自LED之光線。擴散膜也同時將LED與空 氣分離。活性與光觸媒濾材結合對於一氧化碳、二氧化氮、二 氧化硫和臭氧較佳實施例有至少90%的效率，並且能以此效 率運作至少240小時。 光觸媒媒介也可應用為口罩組件與頸部組件内部之塗 料。該塗層是-種補充措施，當暴露於可見光時，用以殺死多 數病毒和細菌、或使其失活。 _ 對於所有上述濾材配置，可選擇粗濾材加裝在前部濾材 前，以移除通常出現在滿是灰塵環境中的較大顆粒，如木材切 割小工廠。粗濾材可利用低成本合成纖維製成，可清洗，也可 用完即丟棄，進而延長主要濾材之使用壽命。 上述濾材可以按任何順序或不同組合(出現）。 &應流量控制箄 Responsive Flow Control· etc 第十九圖A至E係各種步驟流程圖，可用於本發明之空 氣流量產生裝置模組之反應流量控制，藉以提供給呼吸室之空 31 201212973 ?曰之呼吸反應，而且反應度較佳實施例也是使用者可 整。 第廿圖係-與本發明—致之反應控制系統之例子之系統 圖。 大多數現有褒置沒有以呼吸接呼吸(breath by breath)為基 礎之机量控制’除了那些高端工業/I事類型之外。即使他們 確實有机畺控制’但對於呼吸努力(汾從也丨啤6肋的還是沒有足 夠反應’而且使用者不可調整反應度。更確切地說，一壓力感 測器通常用於幫助口罩組件保持在一正壓。當口罩組件壓力變 成零時，藉由增加馬達速度或控制氣流調整器(uspc類別： 12820423)之方式’更多空氣將被傳遞到使用者口罩組件。然 而此種控制機械裝置易於傳送不足之流動給配戴者，尤其在 需大量呼吸情況時，進而引起不適感。 沒有任何現有裝置有能力以呼吸接呼吸(breath by breath) 為基礎’進行呼吸努力(breathingeffort)之直接檢測。其他一些 呼吸裝置可能讓使用者擁有可安裝可變化正氣壓控制，但是， 此為一固定設置，而非具備人體即時呼吸努力的適應性 (breathingeffort)。因此’流量控制很不柔性且不自然，因而其 限制了人們可以接收到之舒適感。 沒有任何現有裝置有能力讓使用者調整流量控制反應 度。然而，在現實世界中，不同的人可能有不同的氣流要求， 即使是同一個人，對氣流之需求也可能會時有不同。例如，對 32 201212973 於一個呼吸不足的病人來說，由於肺部功能較弱，他或她可能 沒有與正常人一樣的力氣去呼吸，他或她在一種從正常人的標 準來看會認為是非常薄弱的呼吸努力(breathing effort)的情況 下’可能需要得到更多氣流。他或她可能也希望擁有能由自己 的呼吸努力(breathing effort)來控制氣流的靈活性，即使一般而 言較一正常人低，以便他或她可以用一種比固定苛刻控制更自 然的方式來呼吸。 本發明使用流量或壓力感測器來監測使用者的呼吸努力 (breathing effort)。在開始吸入時的氣流上升比率被用來作為係 衡量使用者呼吸努力(breathingeffort)的一個信號。數值越高， 呼吸努力(breathing effort)越大。MCU(微控制器）然後根據使用 者可調增益控制或呼吸反應度設置計算所需流量。馬達目標速 度設定成與開始吸入時之呼吸努力(breathing effort)相關之數· 值。對於較小數值，反之亦然，其目標馬達速度將隨著設定在 一較低數值。 此特色將有利於呼吸受損患者，因為他們的肺部肌肉比一 般人弱。使用者可以增加增益，使風箱對於流量變化更加靈 敏’因此在需要更多空氣的時候，他或她不必用力呼吸。這將 減輕這些患者的呼吸努力(breathing effort)，讓機器做難苦的工 作。因此，不但提高舒適度，也提供健康利益給這些病人。 反應流量控制系統，如第廿圖所示，係本發明系統的優先 特色之一，概括的說，它涉及上述空氣流量產生裝置之主要功 33 201212973 能、以及與使用者介面控制之交流傳達。 在一個實施例’反應流量控制功能包括一風箱、一感應空 氣通道之流量感測器、一流量元件、一風機出口、一連接口罩 組件空氣通道之風箱，抗數位採樣失真(anti_aiiasing)低通過滤 材、一馬達控制電力臺、一以MCU2 (微控制器)為基礎之流量 發生器控制，其中包括一 A/D轉換器、數位濾材/調節器、 一 RFC引擎、一 VPAP控制引擎、一馬達控制引擎、一 MCU2(微控制器）COMM引擎。此外，還包括一使用者介面控 制以及一 MCU1(微控制器）COMM引擎。 風箱依據流量發生器控制產生氣流，馬達速度決定流至口 罩組件之流量。 流量感測器根據穿過該流量元件之壓力下降以檢測流 量。在優先實施例中，流量感測器係一質量流量感測器，基於 熱風速計流量感應原理，具有與壓力下降壓力下降成比例之類 比輸出。在優先實施例中，流量感測器有較低輸入壓力範圍， 通常照原尺寸大約為G.2’’，該流量元件實際上係風箱輸出的 一段，長度約5至40公釐。風箱出口通常係圓形，直徑D約 1〇至19公釐，但它也可以是其他任何形狀，只要橫截面類似。 感應空氣通道較佳實施例係直徑適合之矽膠管。 在優先實施例中，抗數位採樣失真過濾器係由一簡單rc 網路所製成，中斷(cut-0ff)頻率在1〇〇 Hz到1 KHz之間。抗數 位採樣失真過率ϋ之信號輸出係在被數位過率器/調節器進 34 201212973 一步處理之則，由A/D轉換器在501^2所採樣的。數位過率 器之中斷頻率大約為3GHz左右，每1〇下降20 dB 至 80 dB。 數位過率ϋ /調節||之輸出，以數位過率器情頻率傳送到至 RFC引擎。 引擎之運作如第廿二® A 所示，RFC引擎運轉 作為狀態齡’其輸人包含已猶流量健和制者呼吸反應 &置，而其輸出包含目標馬達速度和呼吸狀態。在处匚引擎 • 卩數位疋兀過率器/調節器輸出頻率運轉，並在IPAP檢測啟 ’動吸入檢測。—旦啟動偵測，就會抽樣檢查IPAP檢測項目登 ^之後在RFC引擎第一至第三項紀錄(6卿)之過滤流量信 號’而過濾流置信號在IPAP檢測項目登入時之差異就被記錄 下來。紀錄數據實質上係流量上升率，用來作為呼吸努力 (breathing effort)之衡量標準。在考慮以呼吸接呼吸_毗〜 breath)為基礎之使用者呼吸反應度設置或增益控制後，會得到 • 最終呼吸努力(breathing他巾。對照呼吸努力(breathing eff〇rt) 之包含馬達目標速度對照表將所需馬達目標速度輸出至.VPAP 控引擎’利用一變量正氣壓方式來控制馬達速度。爲了每一次 呼吸，RFC引擎持續監測呼吸狀態，在重複同樣動作之前，根 據第十三圖所說明之序列完成VPAP週期。 反應流量控制之完成可藉由與其他具有上述實施例之相 同精神之實施例來實現。 在另一項實施例，流量感測器可能有其他合適的輸入壓力 35 201212973 範圍。該流量感測器也可以係壓阻式’流動元件可以係一層流 之流動元件。感測空氣通道也可以係造型結構的一部分，直接 與感測器璋聯結。流量感測器也可以有數位輸出。使用者役定 也可以透過任何其他適合之工具被傳遞至空氣流量產生裝置 操縱裝置。 在另一個實施例’壓力感測器也可以安裝在流量感測器的 類似位置，在那裡，壓力感測器可以在流動發電機出口處檢測 空氣壓力。與流量感測器的實施彳列相比，壓力感測器在開始吸 入時檢測壓力降低率。MCU(微控制器）再根據使用者可調增 益控制或呼吸反應設定來計算所需之壓力數值。目標壓力在開 始吸入時’設定在一呼吸成果努力(breathingeff〇rt)之對應值。 目標壓力控制項較佳實施例是透過一比例、積分和微分(ρΙ〇) 控制來元成，但也可以藉由任何其他合適之組合結構來完成。 在更高等實施例中，壓力感測器可安裝於口罩組件内，無 論是以有線或無線之方式。 負離子對人類之好處已眾所皆知；但是沒有任何現有 PAPR系統使用負離子發生器。小型負離子發生器安裝於風箱 順流處，兩個電極暴露在空氣路徑，使得產生之離子可以沿著 氣流被帶至使用者氣道。 負離子發生器可以是一個合適的獨立裝置，可以購買現成 的，也可以完全或部分訂做，以適合相關應用。 負離子發生器較佳實施例只在馬達運行時才開啟，以節約 36 201212973 能源並提高使用壽命。其操控也可與呼吸同步(開啟(〇n)_吸 入，關閉(off)-呼出）’以進一步節省能源，並提高裝置之使用 壽命。 無刷直流馬遠適用環形核心之改進製造举卑年軒 Improved Manufacture and Mounting of a Toroidal fnr a Brushless PC Motor 由於呼吸裝置的特殊要求，已爲一無刷直流馬達環形核心 發展新的製造業和安裝佈置’對於本發明之呼吸裝置相當有助 益0 無刷直流馬達先前技術所存在的例子中，定子係由線圈沿 著一環形軟磁鐵周圍纏繞六圈所構成的。此結構產出一種適合 運用在某些特別方面之小型馬達，例如像輕薄（l〇w profile)PAPR ° 環形馬達比較明顯的問題迄今卻限制了其用途，其中包括 • 了 ：第一 ’保持六圈線圈分開係非常困難的，當每一線圈之第 二層繞圈構成，就有脫離第一層邊緣、並向為了下一線圈保留 之區域移動之傾向。此難題導致線圈普遍係由手工進行纏繞動 作，這樣對量產而言係不實際的。另一個會發生的問題係，在 線圈已被纏繞後，所產生之定子為不規則狀（線圈並非完全一 致）’沒有突出特點以形成安裝點。然而，將定子與轉子極其 準確地安裝在同中心係必要的。 可以消除上述兩個與環形馬達構造相關之問題，並且開啟 37 201212973 對此類馬達廣泛利用之解決方案就此展開，如第廿一圖所述。 在其他方面之運用，習慣上將線圈以機器纏繞在環形核心 上，例如變壓器。機器纏繞環形核心之困難點源於需要將六個 小線圈(91)圍繞在環形線圈(90)的周邊，並防止他們重疊，如 第廿一圖A所示。 許多機器可以用來纏繞變壓器核心，例如像^^^^ Gmbh 的 RWE 系列、以及 shining Sun Enterprise Co.，Ltd.的 STW-60。 使用這些機器其中任何一部進行核心纏繞作業明顯比手工製 作更價廉、也更準確ϋ只有當核心外部表面係一沒有突 出肋狀物之平面柱體時’才能利用這些機器。此一限制使得隔 開馬達所需六組賴之零件或設備設計_。另—個困難係， 設計備用於線_繞找何零件必須是不導電材料，通常係聚 合物。對於小型馬達來說，此限制使得一單獨線圈分離器組件 過於靈活，而不具實際應用。 本發明藉由將徑向隔板(93)絲在軟磁鐵之環型核心(94) 上，在六組線_)彼此之間形成一間隔，以克服這些問題， 如第廿-圖A、Β所示。經實驗發現 隔板(93)可順利以兩種型態構成。首先，他們可 ^軟磁鐵之環麵_4)上，如第廿—以所示。利用= s.必顧由射城型縣軟麵之環伽心㈣而非一 38 201212973 • 般燒結過程。第二，它們可以藉由在普通軟磁鐵之環型核心(94) 上加鑄(over-mold)—剛硬聚合物(95)而構成，如第廿—圖 示0 實際上已發現第二種型態在一般說來係更實用的。然而， 軟磁鐵材料易損壞，而環形核心的大小差別很大。因此，必須 將大部分或全部的環形線圈封裝在塑膠裡面，而不試圖讓環形 線圈空白，除非有絕對必要保持環形核心與加鑄物之間共中心 # 集中。此一設計要求聚合物能夠流入非常薄的部分，但仍然非 常堅硬(以抵制繞線機）。適合之聚合物包括聚酰胺(尼龍）、液 晶聚合物、聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PBT樹脂)和其他各式聚合 物。 其中隔板(93)伸入至環形線圈内部之數量應儘可能地限 制，以確保標準繞線機可以被使用。然而，經實驗發現，隔板 (93)南度如成^!繞線可在標準繞線機上纏繞，至少下至公 φ 釐内徑的環形軟磁鐵。 軟磁鐵之環型核心(94)上之隔板(93)較佳實施例設計成從 完成繞線的-邊或兩邊稍微突出。如果這樣做，他們便可以以 -種可靠又可重複之方絲賴鐵氧體之環型核心。 如果定子要安裝在由導電材料製成之馬達外殼裡 *如金 屬’必須小心線圈不要與之接觸。如果隔板能大大延展至定子 其中-邊或兩邊的線圈的後面’便能保持分離，然後用於安裝 定子在馬達外殼處。但更可靠、更緊凑的安裝方法係把繞線定 39 201212973 找置在-薄塑膠外殼内，如第廿—圖E所示。該外殼係利用 裱氧樹脂接著劑或類似材料黏合至定子。 —雖然塑膠外殼佔用馬達一些空間，如第廿一圖F所示，產 生疋子配件的尺寸非常可_，並且可以被緊緊安裝在一金屬 馬達外喊。ϋ此，使職科殼之設計比只依娜翻心上之 隔板將馬達外殼繞線隔開之設計更適合大量生產。大量應用 時’使用轉外殼之設計比不使用者，實際上生產較小馬達。 甚他差異輿條改 惟上述所陳為本發明幾個較佳實施例。 無數的變化和修改對於熟f該項技術者係顯㈣見的， 如’第廿二圖係在說明一個「眼罩」如何隨意附著在裝置上， 以提供對使用者眼睛之保護。如圖所示，眼罩(29)可隨意附在 附件工具(27)上。 對於熟習該項技術者而言制_易見之所有變化和修 改’均應被視為屬於本發明上文所述及下文要求之 圍。 201212973 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係一配戴本發明之呼吸裝置之人 第二圖係一呼吸裝置之透視圖 第三圖係第二圖中呼吸裝置之零件分散透視圖 第四圖A及B分別係呼吸裝置之口罩組件之正面與背面透視 圖 第五圖係一包含空氣流量產生装置之呼吸裝置之頸部組件透 視圖 第六圖係一呼吸裝置之剖面視圖，顯示空氣路徑 第七圖係在說明典型組件可納入本發明之呼吸器之特色，以及 他們的相互關係 第八圖詳細說明可用來使口罩組件與頸部組件結合在一起之 嚅合排列 第九圖詳細說明可安裝在呼吸裝置上之加熱器 第十圖說明可安裝在呼吸裝置上之增濕機之提供 第十一圖詳細說明可安裝在呼吸裝置上之替代增濕機 第十二圖係一一體成型之濾材和增濕機芯 第十三圖係呼吸裝置用之另一替代吸濕快乾設計 第十四圖說明一吸濕快乾指針之不同設計 第十五圖係呼吸裝置上另一替代加熱器之提供 第十六圖係一呼吸裝置用濾材配件 第十七圖係一典型濾材更換程式 第十八圖係不同濾材配置之各種示範配置 201212973 第十九圖係使用於本發明之空氣流量產生裝置模組之反應流 · 量控制步驟之各種示範流程圖 第廿圖係一與本發明一致之反應流量系統之實施例 第廿一圖詳細說明使用於本發明之呼吸器之環形核心排列；及 第廿二圖係本發明另一替代版本，包含一眼罩 【主要元件符號說明】 (1) .呼吸装置 (2) · 口罩組件 鲁 (20).嚅合器 (3) .頸部組件 (4) .屬合器 (5) ·呼吸室 (6) ·進空氣導管 (7) .出空氣導管 ⑻.引入口 ' · (9) .滤材 (10) .馬達或葉輪 (11) .出口 (12) .電子元件 (13) .電池或其他類似物 (14) .頸部襯墊 (21). 口罩組件部分 42 201212973 * (22).頸部部分 (23) .空氣通道 (24) .空氣通道 (25) .嚅合結合件 (26) .嚙合結合件 (27) .附件 (28) .棘齒排 (29) .眼罩 * (4G).加熱H/冷卻器 (41).濾材 (41) .加熱模組 (42) .風箱 (43) .貯槽 (44) .芯材 (46).濾材架 • (50).指柱 (51) .入口 (52) .套筒 (53) .小喷嘴 (54) ·排水孔 (60) .濾材組件 (61) .濾材框架 (62) .主濾材 43 201212973 (63) .濾罩 (64) .閥門 (70) .裝配組件 (71) .濾蓋 (73).壓緊裝置 (80) .濾材組件 (81) .前部濾材 (82) .HEPA微粒濾材 (84) .活性碳濾材 (83) .遽罩 (85) .光觸媒複合前部濾材The Wu sample is not green, even harmful to others, such as wearing the device, or the food processing guard calls the device. 26 201212973 First, the user puts his finger into the safety switch (the filter cover (5) provides an over-center device (73), the lid (71) can thus be removed from the assembly (70) 'so the filter assembly _ can be replaced, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 17B. Various options gambling _ optional use As shown in the right diagram am. In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18A, the coffin assembly (8〇) includes a front ride (81) and a -hEPA particulate filter (82). The filter material (81) is a 遽 遽 元件 后面 后面 四 四 四 四 四 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The preferred embodiment may (4) disassemble the front button (81) and the octagonal particle coffin (82). The front filter medium (81) may be made of a suitable synthetic fiber, such as, for example, polypropylene, and the preferred embodiment has an efficiency of equal to or higher than 90% (particle size of about 5/ζηη and above). The front filter (81) is not pleated, making it suitable as a base material for injection into photocatalyst media. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18B, the filter element assembly (8〇) includes a front filter material (81), an activated carbon filter material (84), and a HEPA particulate filter material (82) 'front portion The filter material (81) is the first filter element behind the filter cover (83) to protect the activated carbon (84) and the HEPA particulate filter (82). All filters can be easily removed by the user. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18C, the crossover assembly (8〇) includes a photocatalyst composite front filter (85), a activated carbon filter (84), and a HEPA particulate filter (82). The photocatalyst composite front filter (85) is the first filter element behind the filter cover (83) to protect the activated carbon filter (84) and the HEPA particulate filter (82). 27 201212973 Users can easily disassemble all coffins. As long as there is daylight, the photocatalyst composite front (85) will move. Once activated, the photocatalyst composite front coffin (4) will begin to decompose typical hazardous gas contaminants. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18, the filter element assembly (8〇) includes a photocatalyst composite front filter (85), an activated carbon filter (84), and a particulate filter (82). The photocatalyst composite front filter (85) is the first filter material behind the filter cover (83) to protect the activated carbon filter (84) and the badge particulate filter (82). All filters can be easily removed by the user. An array of LEDs (86) is mounted on the back of the filter housing (83). The LED (86) can also be mounted around a wall close to the population's outer casing. The LED (86) and circuitry are packaged in a biocompatible film or cover. The preferred embodiment LED (86) is only turned on when the ambient light intensity is below a predetermined threshold, monitored by a light sensor. Therefore, the photocatalyst medium can always be activated when needed, even if the ambient light is insufficient or not at all. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18E, the filter element assembly (8〇) includes a front filter material (81), an activated carbon filter material (84), a particulate filter material (82), and an outlet side. Photocatalyst composite filter material (87) β front filter material (81) is the first filter element behind the filter cover (83), and the user can easily disassemble the activated carbon filter material (84) and the ρ^ΡΑ particulate filter material (82). Filter material. An array of LEDs (88) is mounted inside the outer casing wall facing the exit side photocatalyst composite filter material (87). The LED (88) can also circumvent the outer wall of the exit near the exit. In the preferred embodiment, the LED (88) is only turned on when the ambient light level is below a predetermined value, and is monitored by a light sensor. Therefore, the exit photocatalytic composite filter material (87) can always be activated even if the ambient light is insufficient or not at all. The LED (88) and circuitry are packaged in 28 201212973 - a biocompatible film or cover. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18F, the filter element assembly (4) includes a photocatalyst composite front portion (8)), and a HEPA particulate filter material (four). Photocatalyst The composite front filter (10) is the first tilting element behind the filter and cover (83) to protect the HEPA particles (82). The system can remove all the filter materials lightly. As long as there is sunlight, the photocatalyst composite front filter (4) will be active. Once activated, the photocatalyst composite front filter (85) will begin to decompose typical hazardous gas contaminants. • In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18G, the filter element assembly (80) includes a photocatalyst composite front filter (85) and a particulate filter (82). Photocatalyst The composite front filter (85) is the first filter element behind the filter (83) to protect the particulate filter (82). All filters can be easily removed by the user. An array of LEDs (86) is mounted on the back of the filter housing (83). The LED (86) can also be mounted around the wall adjacent the inlet housing. The LED (86) and circuitry are packaged in a biocompatible film or cover. The LED (86) of the preferred embodiment is turned on only when the ambient light intensity is below a pre-φ defined threshold, and is monitored by a photo sensor. Therefore, the photocatalyst medium can always be activated when needed, even if the ambient light is insufficient or not at all. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18, the filter element assembly (8) includes a front filter (81), a particulate filter (82), and a photocatalytic composite filter (87). The front filter material (81) is the first filter element behind the filter cover (83) to protect the photocatalyst composite filter material (87) and the ruthenium particulate filter material (82). All filters can be easily removed by the user. An array of LEDs (88) is mounted inside the wall of the enclosure, facing the light 29 201212973 Catalyst Composite Filter (87). The LED (88) can also be mounted around the outer wall of the enclosure near the exit. In a preferred embodiment, the LED (88) is turned on only when the ambient light intensity is below a predetermined threshold, and is monitored by a photo sensor. Therefore, the photocatalyst medium of the photocatalyst composite filter material (87) can always be activated. Even if the ambient light is not enough or not at all. The LED (88) and circuitry are packaged in a biocompatible film or cover. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 18, the filter element assembly (8〇) comprises a crotch filter material and an activated carbon filter material. The front filter media is selected as the primary particulate filter to provide the necessary filtration efficiency in addition to protecting the activated carbon filter. In the preferred embodiment, the front filter and the activated carbon filter can be easily removed by the user. The front filter and the activated carbon filter can be stacked as a user replaceable accessory' such as, for example, a simple thermal drying process. Activated carbon, Qingba and photocatalyst filters can also be stacked as accessories. HEPA New Zealand's New York 99.97% (four) scale (when the particles are equal to or greater than 〇.3/zm) is equivalent to the performance provided by most PAPRs. The preferred embodiment of the coffin is made of fiberglass paper of the over-sense and liquid particles. Activated carbon gambling and paste media operate in a mutual _ way by blocking the body and slowing it down to provide for most harmful gases;: Preliminary preliminary; consider '匕 can also remove odor and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 'FQmiaidehyde'; at the same time, the light touches the material to continue to operate, specifically decomposing harmful gases into water and carbon dioxide, especially carbon monoxide, dioxide 30 201212973 " nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, ozone and ammonia. It also disinfects air that may contain germs, bacteria and viruses. The user can turn the LED on/off to control the filter sterilisation function, even when the device is not in use, so that germs and viruses cannot survive. The LED can be turned on and off 'in sync with human breathing. Can be any standard LED or UV LED. With the size of the photocatalyst filter and the light of the line, the line room is used to transmit light from the LED. The preferred embodiment of a thin diffuser film system is used to uniformly transmit light from the LED. The diffuser also separates the LED from the air. The activity in combination with the photocatalytic filter material is at least 90% efficient for the preferred embodiments of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and ozone, and can operate for at least 240 hours at this efficiency. Photocatalyst media can also be applied as a coating within the mask assembly and neck assembly. The coating is a complementary measure to kill or inactivate most viruses and bacteria when exposed to visible light. _ For all of the above filter media configurations, the coarse filter media can be added to the front filter to remove larger particles that typically appear in dusty environments, such as small wood cutting plants. The coarse filter material can be made from low-cost synthetic fibers that can be cleaned or discarded before use, thus extending the life of the main filter. The above filter media may be present in any order or in different combinations. & Flow Control 箄Responsive Flow Control· etc. Figure 19 to Figure E is a flow chart of various steps that can be used for the flow control of the air flow generating device module of the present invention, thereby providing space for the breathing chamber 31 201212973 ? The respiratory response of the sputum, and the preferred embodiment of the responsiveness is also user achievable. The second diagram is a system diagram of an example of a reaction control system with the present invention. Most existing devices do not have breath-breath-based volume control' except for those high-end industrial/I events. Even if they do have organic control, but for breathing efforts (there is still not enough response from the beer 6 ribs) and the user can not adjust the response. More specifically, a pressure sensor is usually used to help the mask assembly to maintain At a positive pressure, when the pressure of the mask assembly becomes zero, more air will be delivered to the user's mask assembly by increasing the motor speed or controlling the airflow regulator (uspc category: 12820423). However, such a control mechanism It is easy to deliver insufficient flow to the wearer, especially when a large amount of breathing is required, resulting in discomfort. No existing device has the ability to perform direct breath detection based on breath by breath. Other breathing devices may allow the user to have a changeable positive air pressure control, but this is a fixed setting rather than a breathingeffort for the body's immediate breathing effort. Therefore, 'flow control is very inflexible and unnatural. Therefore, it limits the comfort that people can receive. No existing device has the ability to Force allows users to adjust flow control responsiveness. However, in the real world, different people may have different airflow requirements, even for the same person, the demand for airflow may vary from time to time. For example, on 32 201212973 in one In patients with hypopnea, because the lungs are weak, he or she may not have the same strength as normal people to breathe. He or she is considered to be a very weak breathing effort from the standard of normal people. The situation may require more airflow. He or she may also wish to have the flexibility to control the airflow by his breathing effort, even though it is generally lower than a normal person, so that he or She can breathe in a more natural way than fixed harsh controls. The present invention uses a flow or pressure sensor to monitor the user's breathing effort. The rate of airflow rise at the beginning of inhalation is used as a measure A signal from the user's breathing effort. The higher the value, the greater the breathing effort. MCU ( The controller then calculates the required flow rate based on the user's adjustable gain control or respiratory response setting. The motor target speed is set to the number associated with the breathing effort at the start of inhalation. For smaller values, vice versa However, its target motor speed will be set at a lower value. This feature will benefit patients with respiratory impairment because their lungs are weaker than the average person. Users can increase the gain and make the bellows more sensitive to flow changes. 'So when he needs more air, he or she doesn't have to breathe hard. This will alleviate the breathing effort of these patients and make the machine do hard work. Therefore, not only improve comfort, but also provide health benefits to these patients. The reaction flow control system, as shown in the figure, is one of the preferred features of the system of the present invention. In summary, it relates to the communication of the air flow generating device and the communication with the user interface. In one embodiment, the reaction flow control function includes a bellows, a flow sensor for an inductive air passage, a flow element, a fan outlet, and a bellows that connects the air passages of the mask assembly, and has low anti-aiiasing resistance. Through the filter material, a motor control power station, and an MCU2 (microcontroller) based flow generator control, including an A/D converter, a digital filter/regulator, an RFC engine, a VPAP control engine, A motor control engine, an MCU2 (microcontroller) COMM engine. In addition, it includes a user interface control and an MCU1 (microcontroller) COMM engine. The bellows generates airflow based on the flow generator control, which determines the flow to the mask assembly. The flow sensor detects the flow based on the pressure drop across the flow element. In a preferred embodiment, the flow sensor is a mass flow sensor based on the thermal anemometer flow sensing principle having an analog output proportional to the pressure drop pressure drop. In the preferred embodiment, the flow sensor has a lower input pressure range, typically about G.2'', which is actually a section of the bellows output that is about 5 to 40 mm in length. The bellows outlet is usually circular and has a diameter D of about 1 to 19 mm, but it can be any other shape as long as the cross section is similar. The preferred embodiment of the inductive air passage is a hose of suitable diameter. In a preferred embodiment, the anti-digital sampling distortion filter is made by a simple rc network with a cut-0ff frequency between 1 Hz and 1 KHz. The signal output of the digital sampling distortion overshoot ϋ is output by the digital averaging device/regulator. The 2012/2012 process is sampled by the A/D converter at 501^2. The digital interrupter's interrupt frequency is approximately 3 GHz and is reduced by 20 dB to 80 dB per 1 。. The output of the digital overshoot ϋ / adjustment | | is transmitted to the RFC engine at the digital rate. The operation of the engine is shown in Section II® A. The RFC engine operates as a state of age. Its input contains the flow and the respiratory response of the maker, while its output contains the target motor speed and breathing state. The engine is in operation. • The digital position/regulator output frequency is running and the IPAP detection is activated. Once the detection is initiated, the IPP detection item will be sampled to check the filtered traffic signal in the first to third records of the RFC engine (6 Qing) and the difference between the filtered flow signal and the IPAP detection item is record it. Recorded data is essentially a rate of increase in traffic and is used as a measure of breathing effort. After considering the user's respiratory response setting or gain control based on breathing-breathing breathing, you will get • final breathing effort (breathing eff〇rt) including the motor target speed The comparison table outputs the required motor target speed to the .VPAP control engine 'Using a variable positive air pressure mode to control the motor speed. For each breath, the RFC engine continuously monitors the breathing state, before repeating the same action, according to the thirteenth figure. The sequence of instructions completes the VPAP cycle. The completion of the reaction flow control can be achieved by other embodiments having the same spirit as the above embodiments. In another embodiment, the flow sensor may have other suitable input pressures 35 201212973 The flow sensor can also be a piezoresistive type flow element that can be a flow element of a layer flow. The sensing air channel can also be part of the modeling structure and directly coupled to the sensor. The flow sensor can also There are digital outputs. User service can also be transferred to air flow through any other suitable tool. Device manipulation device. In another embodiment, the pressure sensor can also be mounted at a similar position in the flow sensor where the pressure sensor can detect air pressure at the outlet of the flow generator. Compared with the implementation of the array, the pressure sensor detects the pressure reduction rate at the beginning of inhalation. The MCU (microcontroller) then calculates the required pressure value according to the user adjustable gain control or respiratory response setting. The target pressure is inhaled at the beginning. The time value is set to the corresponding value of breathingeff〇rt. The preferred embodiment of the target pressure control item is formed by a proportional, integral and differential (ρΙ〇) control, but can also be by any other suitable In a higher embodiment, the pressure sensor can be mounted in a mask assembly, whether wired or wireless. The benefits of negative ions for humans are well known; but there are no existing PAPR systems. Use a negative ion generator. The small negative ion generator is installed downstream of the bellows, and the two electrodes are exposed to the air path, causing the ions to be generated. It is carried along the airflow to the user's airway. The negative ion generator can be a suitable stand-alone device that can be purchased off-the-shelf or fully or partially custom-made to suit the application. The preferred embodiment of the negative ion generator is only for the motor. It is only turned on during operation to save energy and improve the service life of 36 201212973. Its control can also be synchronized with breathing (open (〇n)_intake, off-off) to further save energy and improve the service life of the device. Brushless DC Ma Yuan for Ring Core Improvements Manufacturing Manufacture and Mounting of a Toroidal fnr a Brushless PC Motor Due to the special requirements of the breathing apparatus, a new manufacturing and installation has been developed for a brushless DC motor ring core. The arrangement 'is quite helpful for the breathing apparatus of the present invention. 0 In the prior art of the brushless DC motor, the stator is formed by winding a coil six turns around a ring of soft magnets. This structure produces a small motor suitable for use in some special aspects, such as the lighter and thinner PAPR ° ring motor. The obvious problem has so far limited its use, including: First: Keep six It is very difficult to separate the coils. When the second layer of each coil is formed around the loop, there is a tendency to move away from the edge of the first layer and to the area reserved for the next coil. This difficulty has led to coils that are typically wound by hand, which is not practical for mass production. Another problem that may occur is that after the coil has been wound, the resulting stator is irregular (the coils are not exactly the same). There is no outstanding feature to form the mounting point. However, it is necessary to mount the stator and rotor extremely accurately in the concentric system. The above two problems associated with the configuration of the ring motor can be eliminated and turned on. 37 201212973 A solution for the widespread use of such motors is developed as described in Figure 1-2. In other applications, it is customary to wind a coil around a toroidal core, such as a transformer. The difficulty of winding the machine into the toroidal core stems from the need to surround the six small coils (91) around the circumference of the toroidal coil (90) and prevent them from overlapping, as shown in Figure A. Many machines can be used to wind the transformer core, such as the RWE series like ^^^^ Gmbh, and the STW-60 from Shining Sun Enterprise Co., Ltd. The use of any of these machines for core winding operations is significantly cheaper and more accurate than manual manufacturing. These machines can only be used when the core exterior surface is a flat cylinder without protruding ribs. This limitation allows for the design of six parts or equipment required to isolate the motor. Another difficulty is that the design is ready for the wire. The part to be found must be a non-conductive material, usually a polymer. For small motors, this limitation makes a single coil separator assembly too flexible for practical applications. The present invention overcomes these problems by arranging the radial spacers (93) on the toroidal core (94) of the soft magnet to form a space between the six sets of lines, such as 廿-图A, See also. It has been found through experiments that the separator (93) can be smoothly constructed in two types. First, they can be on the torus of the soft magnet _4), as shown in Figure 以. Use = s. must be considered by the city-type soft surface of the ring gamma (four) instead of a 38 201212973 • General sintering process. Second, they can be constructed by over-molding a rigid polymer (95) on a toroidal core (94) of a conventional soft magnet, as shown in Figure 廿 - Figure 0 actually found second The type is generally more practical. However, soft magnet materials are easily damaged, and the size of the ring core varies greatly. Therefore, most or all of the toroidal coils must be encapsulated in the plastic without attempting to blank the toroidal coil unless it is absolutely necessary to maintain a central concentration between the toroidal core and the casting. This design requires the polymer to flow into very thin sections, but is still very stiff (to resist the winder). Suitable polymers include polyamide (nylon), liquid crystal polymers, polyethylene terephthalate (PBT resin) and various other polymers. The number of partitions (93) that extend into the inside of the toroidal coil should be limited as much as possible to ensure that the standard winding machine can be used. However, it has been experimentally found that the separator (93) can be wound on a standard winding machine at a south degree, and the ring-shaped soft magnet can be wound at least to a diameter of φ. The preferred embodiment of the spacer (93) on the toroidal core (94) of the soft magnet is designed to protrude slightly from the - or both sides of the finished winding. If you do this, they can use a reliable and repeatable ring-shaped core of ferrite. If the stator is to be mounted in a motor casing made of a conductive material, such as metal, care must be taken not to come into contact with the coil. If the baffle can be extended to the rear of the stator on either side or both sides of the coil, it can be kept separate and then used to mount the stator at the motor casing. However, the more reliable and compact installation method is to find the winding wire in the thin plastic case, as shown in Figure 廿-Figure E. The outer casing is bonded to the stator by a silicone adhesive or the like. - Although the plastic case occupies some space in the motor, as shown in Fig. F, the size of the tweezers is very high, and can be tightly mounted outside a metal motor. In this way, the design of the service housing is more suitable for mass production than the design that separates the motor casing windings from the separators. When used in a large number of applications, the design of the rotating housing is smaller than that of the user. It is a matter of course that the above description is based on several preferred embodiments of the invention. Numerous variations and modifications are seen by those skilled in the art. For example, the second figure shows how an "eye mask" can be attached to the device at will to provide protection to the user's eyes. As shown, the eyecup (29) can be attached to the accessory tool (27) at will. All changes and modifications that are readily apparent to those skilled in the art are considered to be within the scope of the invention described above and below. 201212973 [Simplified illustration of the drawings] The first figure is a person wearing the breathing apparatus of the present invention. The second picture is a perspective view of a breathing apparatus. The third picture is the second part of the breathing apparatus. And B are respectively a front and back perspective view of the mask assembly of the breathing apparatus. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the neck assembly of the breathing apparatus including the air flow generating device. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the breathing apparatus, showing the air path seventh. The drawings illustrate the features of a typical respirator incorporating a respirator of the present invention, and their interrelationship. FIG. 8 is a detailed view of a splicing arrangement that can be used to join the mask assembly to the neck assembly. The tenth figure of the heater on the breathing apparatus provides the humidifier which can be installed on the breathing apparatus. The eleventh figure details the alternative humidifier which can be installed on the breathing apparatus. The twelfth figure is an integrally formed filter material. And the humidification movement, the thirteenth figure is another alternative moisture absorption and quick-drying design for the breathing apparatus. The fourteenth figure illustrates the different design of a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying pointer. Supply of another alternative heater on the suction device. Figure 16: Filter accessories for breathing apparatus. Figure 17 is a typical filter replacement program. Figure 18 shows various demonstration configurations of different filter media configurations. 201212973 Various exemplary flow charts of the reaction flow and quantity control steps of the air flow generating device module of the present invention are the same as the embodiment of the reaction flow system consistent with the present invention. FIG. 1 is a detailed view of the breathing used in the present invention. The annular core arrangement of the device; and the second drawing is another alternative version of the present invention, including an eye mask [main component symbol description] (1). Respiratory device (2) · Mask assembly Lu (20). Coupling device (3) .Neck assembly (4). Adapter (5) · Breathing chamber (6) · Inlet air duct (7). Outlet air duct (8). Inlet port ' · (9) . Filter material (10) . Motor or Impeller (11). Outlet (12). Electronic components (13). Battery or other similar (14). Neck pad (21). Mask assembly part 42 201212973 * (22). Neck portion (23). Air passage (24). Air passage (25). Snap joint (26). Engagement joint (27). Attachment (28 ) Ratchet row (29). Eye mask* (4G). Heating H/cooler (41). Filter material (41). Heating module (42). Bellows (43). Storage tank (44). Core material ( 46). Filter holder • (50). Finger column (51). Entrance (52). Sleeve (53). Small nozzle (54) • Drain hole (60). Filter material assembly (61). Filter material frame (62) Main filter material 43 201212973 (63). Filter cover (64). Valve (70). Assembly assembly (71). Filter cover (73). Compression device (80). Filter material assembly (81). Front filter material (82 ) HEPA particulate filter (84). Activated carbon filter (83). Cover (85). Photocatalyst composite front filter
(86) .LED (87) .光觸媒複合濾材(86) .LED (87) . Photocatalyst composite filter
(88) .LED (90) .環形線圈 (91) .小線圈 (93) .隔板 (94) .軟磁鐵環型核心 (95) .剛硬聚合物 (A).空氣流量產生裝置 44(88) .LED (90). Toroidal coil (91). Small coil (93). Partition (94). Soft magnet ring core (95). Rigid polymer (A). Air flow generating device 44