200907277 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種熱管’特別係涉及一種具有較高熱傳 性能之熱管。 【先前技術】 現階段，熱管已被廣泛應用於具較大發熱量之電子元 件之散熱。該熱管工作時，利用管體内部填充之低沸點工 作流體在其蒸發#又吸收發熱電子元件產生之熱量後蒸發、、气 化，帶著熱錢駐冷凝段，並在冷凝段液倾結== 釋放出去，該液化後之工作流體在熱管壁部毛細結構^作 用下再回流至蒸發段，通過紅作流體之循環運動，將電 子元件產生之熱量散發出去。 we %奴仅<乇細結構不能 提供足夠強大之毛細作用力時，^能夠及時使冷凝段之工 作流體回流至蒸發段，可能使卫作流體過少而燒乾Γ進而 二熱=傳熱性能而令發熱元件因不能及時散熱而燒 :白_；，、、、官之毛細結構主要可分為絲網式、燒結粉末及 二二^各種毛細結構之毛細作用力及管内液體回流 二/、毛細結構之孔徑成反比，而不同孔隙大小之毛 細結構與管外_、之_遞效果也各不㈣。較小孔徑之 = 作用力強’可增加與熱管管體接觸面積而 〜κ外界熱源傳遞至管内，但液體回流阻力大； 李乂大孔t之毛細作用力弱’將熱量從外界熱源傳遞 200907277 至管内之能力也相對較弱’但液體回流阻力小 【發明内容】 有繁於^有必要提供—種具有較高熱傳性能之熱管。 千1種熱S ’包括讀、設于管體内之毛細結構及填充 于官體内之工作流體，該熱管沿管體方向包括-甚發2 構冷：段，該毛細結構包括-主毛細結構及-輔毛細結 二二主毛細結構環設于管體内壁上，該蒸發段之主毛細 口構相較于冷凝段之主毛細結構具有較強之毛細力，該辅 :構匕括至主中空管狀結構之脈管，所述脈管延 隙與冷凝段之間，脈管之管壁上形成複數細小孔 隙，脈官之一側與主毛細結構相接觸。 與習知技術相比，本發明熱管利用蒸發段之主毛一 構相較于冷凝狀主毛細結構具有更奴錄，使主毛: 細作用力強’且液體回流阻力小；該辅毛細結構 L V補足主毛細結構之毛細作用力及增加流體輸送能 =二ί壓扁折彎成型過程中因不易受到損壞而能保持 ’、 功此，整體提升該熱管之傳熱性能。 【實施方式】 下面參照附圖，結合實施例作進—步說明。 斤請參閱圖1，該熱管1G包括管體12、毛細結構及 于管體12内之工作流體（圖未示）。 ” 熱 哥共艮好導熱性之材料製成，可將—發 兀件產生之熱量傳遞至管體12内部，其包括分別位㈣ 200907277 管體12兩端之蒸發段121、冷凝段122及連接讀幕發段 及冷凝段122之絕熱段123 〇 ’、'、-又 ―該工作流體填充于管體12 L卜^、酒精、甲 Sf等具較K點之物質。該工作流體由f體 121處吸熱蒸發’帶著熱量向冷凝段122 122放熱後凝結成液體’將熱量釋放出去，並回、、:=: m處進行下-次吸熱-放熱循環，從 ；= 續有效地散熱。 』\熱兀仵符 該毛細結構包括設于管體12内壁之主毛細 及 輔毛細結構16。該主毛細結構14為採用不同 構之組合，在熱管12之不同位置設置不_^=: 構，請同時參相2，該熱f 12之冷凝段122及絕熱段⑵ 均採用由複數細小之軸向溝槽141形成之溝槽式毛細結 構；請同時參考圖3A，該蒸發段m則採用由燒結粉末⑷ I二由洮結J耘而形成之燒結式毛細結構，該燒結粉末Μ] 可選用陶£粉核者金屬粉末如銅料，糊毛細結構16 貼设于主毛細結構14之内壁，為一呈縱長之中空管狀結構 之脈管，從熱管12之冷凝段m延伸指向蒸發段i2i。該 脈管為由複數銅絲、鋁線、不銹鋼絲或纖維束等材料製成 之絲線編織後形成之可繞性(flexible)之管體結構，管壁161 上形成有複數細小之孔隙，内部形成一中心通道163，該管 土 161上之孔隙與中心通道M3相互連通，該中心通道m3 之直徑可從〇.5mm擴展至數毫米以上，其最大值可依不同 之工作流體作適當調整。以純水為工作流體為例，該中心 200907277 通道163之直徑之較佳範圍為0.5mm至2mm之間，該脈管 對工作流體輸送之方向具有單一性，即可將冷凝段122放 熱冷凝後形成之液態純水直接輸送至蒸發段121，而在蒸發 段121吸熱蒸發汽化之蒸汽則從脈管與管體12之間之通道 擴散至冷凝段122,從而避免脈管内汽液混合而影響其對流 體之輸送功能。該脈管之外徑遠小於管體12内孔之直徑， 脈管之頂側遠離該主毛細結構14，管壁161之底側沿軸向 與該主毛細結構14相貼合，管壁161上之孔隙與主毛細結 構14中之孔隙相連通，即該輔毛細結構16與主毛細結構 14相連通，共同形成複合式之毛細結構。 該主毛細結構14形成為不同形式之毛細結構組合時， 一方面，利用該燒結粉末142形成較小之毛細孔隙能對液 體產生較大之毛細吸附力，將其設置于蒸發段121，使產生 驅動該冷凝後之工作流體由冷凝段122往蒸發段121運動 之壓力差，以加速工作流體由冷凝段122往蒸發段121回 流，從而整體加速工作流體在熱管10内之循環，增加熱量 在熱管10内之傳遞速度；另一方面，利用該溝槽141具有 較大之流道間隙，將其設置于熱管10之冷凝段122與絕熱 段123，使回流液體在其中所受到之摩擦阻力與黏滯力較 小，因而對冷凝後之工作流體產生之回流阻力小，便於工 作流體回流。該輔毛細結構16利用脈管管壁161形成複數 細小之孔隙，產生毛細作用力以吸附該主毛細結構14内之 工作流體，使該工作流體可通過所述孔隙而在該主毛細結 構14及輔毛細結構16間運動，並通過脈管内部較小之中 10 200907277 心通道163將冷凝後之工作流體輸送至蒸發段121 ’以辅助 工作流體在管體12内之循環，補足原有熱管10之毛細作 用力及流體輸送能力，增強熱管10之蒸發段121與冷凝段 122之間之熱交換，該輔毛細結構16上形成之孔隙對工作 流體有較強之吸附力，可避免冷凝後之工作流體因重力作 用容易聚積于冷凝段122而導致熱阻增加。且脈管具可繞 性並沿管體12軸向設置，沿其延伸之方向僅一側與主毛細 結構14相貼合，可使該輔毛細結構16在熱管10壓扁或折 彎成型後仍保有其現有功能，整體提升該熱管之傳熱性 能。 上述熱管10之主毛細結構14採用不同形式之毛細結 構進行組合時還可以有多種變化，如圖3B至圖3E所示分 別為蒸發段121設置之其他多種毛細結構形式。其中，圖 3B所示為在蒸發段121設置由絲網143構成之絲網式毛細 結構，該絲網143可採用金屬銅網或者纖維束編織形成， 其與燒結式毛細結構在孔徑大小、提供毛細作用力等特性 方面較相似，因此可達到相似之效果。圖3C所示為在蒸發 段121同時設置由溝槽141與燒結粉末142構成之複合式 毛細構造；圖3D所示是在蒸發段121同時設置由溝槽141 與絲網143形成之複合式毛細結構；圖3E所示也是在蒸發 段121同時設置由溝槽141與絲網143形成之複合式毛細 結構，但該絲網143是卷設形成與溝槽141相匹配之形狀 並填充於溝槽141内，如此可增加絲網143與管體12之接 觸面積，以便於外界熱源之熱量更有利於傳遞至管内。上 11 200907277 述實施例中之冷凝段122和絕熱段123均設置溝槽式毛細 結構，該等不同形式之毛細結構組合時均可使蒸發段121 之毛細力大於冷凝段122和絕熱段123之毛細力’以達到 促使工作流體在管内順暢且快速回流，提高管内外之熱交 換效率之目的6 實際上，冷凝段122除設置溝槽式毛細結構之外，亦 可設置燒結式或者絲網式毛細結構，而蒸發段121則對應 設置毛細孔徑較小之絲網式毛細結構、燒結式毛細結構、 溝槽141與燒結粉末142或者溝槽141與絲網143組合形 成之複合式毛細結構；該冷凝段122還可設置為溝槽141 與燒結粉末142或者溝槽141與絲網143之複合式毛細結 構，而蒸發段121則對應設置毛細孔徑較小之燒結粉末142 及絲網143之複合式毛細結構，只要使得該蒸發段121所 設置之毛細結構之有效毛細孔徑大小冷凝段122之毛細結 構之有效毛細孔徑更小即可，如此使有效毛細孔徑較大之 冷凝段122具有流阻小、便於冷凝液體回流之特性，而有 效毛細孔徑較小之蒸發段121具有毛細作用力大、與管體 12接觸面積大之特性，達到提高熱傳之效果。而絕熱段123 内設置之主毛細結構14之孔徑亦可與蒸發段121相同，或 者介於蒸發段121與冷凝段122之間，如此則從冷凝段 122、絕熱段123至蒸發段121所設毛細結構之孔徑依次逐 漸減小，工作流體回流遭遇之流阻及受到之毛細作用力依 階梯式過度，使其回流更順暢，針對熱管10之形狀，除了 設置成圓形直線狀之外，也可以打扁成扁平型，或將其彎 12 200907277 折成 u”别志本“ τ，， 山孓次者L型。針對“U”型熱管應用時.，可 1作為蒸發段121與熱管接觸，而另一 也可以將其位於兩平形端部之間之彎折中間段作為 …又又121與熱源接觸，而兩平形端部則分別作為冷凝段 122。 士述熱管10之辅毛細結構16亦可包括同時設置之多 個脈& ’所4脈管可在管體12關隔排列或者相互貼合， 刀別如圖4及圖5所示，該多個脈管可進-步補足熱管1〇 主毛、”田、、、。構14之毛細作用力及流體輸送能力 之工作流體因重力仙w s ^" 、， 刀作用令易聚積于冷凝段122而導致熱阻 〜加’且捕毛細結構16在熱管1G壓扁或者折f成型後 仍保t其現有1 力能，從而整體提升該熱管1G之傳熱性能。 练上所述’本發明符合發明專利之要件，爰依法提屮 專利申LX上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，/ 減本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之:凡 或變化’皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 ^ 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明熱官〜較佳實施例之軸向剖面 圖2為圖1所示埶其—A 〜问。 ^…s之冷凝段沿Π - Π線之剖示m 圖3A為圖i所示熱f之蒸發m線 ^ 圖3B為圖Μ所示熱管之蒸發段另一實施例:圖_ 圖3C為圖3Α所示熱管之蒸發段又一實施例 圖3C為圖3Α所示熱管之蒸發段複一實施例之 Κ圖。 200907277 圖3E為圖3A所示熱管之蒸發段再一實施例之剖示圖 圖4為本發明熱管的第二實施例的徑向剖示圖。 圖5為本發明熱管的第三實施例的徑向剖示圖。 :主要元件符號說明】 熱管 10 蒸發段 121 絕熱段 123 溝槽 141 絲網 143 璧部 161 管體 12 冷凝段 122 主毛細結構 14 燒結粉末 142 輔毛細結構 16 中心通道 163 14200907277 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a heat pipe', particularly to a heat pipe having high heat transfer performance. [Prior Art] At this stage, heat pipes have been widely used for heat dissipation of electronic components with large heat generation. When the heat pipe is working, the low-boiling working fluid filled inside the pipe body is evaporated and vaporized after absorbing the heat generated by the heat-generating electronic component, and the hot money is stationed in the condensation section, and the liquid is condensed in the condensation section == After being released, the liquefied working fluid is recirculated to the evaporation section under the action of the capillary structure of the heat pipe wall, and the heat generated by the electronic component is dissipated through the circular motion of the red fluid. We% slave only <乇 fine structure can not provide a strong enough capillary force, ^ can timely return the working fluid of the condensation section to the evaporation section, may make the hydraulic fluid too small and burn dry and then heat = heat transfer performance The heating element is burnt because it cannot be dissipated in time: white _;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, The pore size of the capillary structure is inversely proportional, and the capillary structure of different pore sizes and the effect of the outside of the tube are not (4). Smaller aperture = strong force' can increase the contact area with the heat pipe body and ~κ external heat source is transmitted to the pipe, but the liquid backflow resistance is large; the capillary force of the big hole t is weak 'transfer heat from the external heat source 200907277 The ability to the inside of the tube is also relatively weak 'but the liquid reflux resistance is small [invention] There is a need to provide a kind of heat pipe with high heat transfer performance. Thousands of heat S' include a capillary structure that is read, disposed in the tube body, and a working fluid that is filled in the body. The heat pipe includes - in the direction of the tube body - a cold structure: the capillary structure includes - the main capillary The structure and the auxiliary capillary are provided on the inner wall of the tube, and the main capillary structure of the evaporation section has a stronger capillary force than the main capillary structure of the condensation section, and the auxiliary structure is The vessel of the main hollow tubular structure, between the vessel gap and the condensation section, a plurality of fine pores are formed on the vessel wall of the vessel, and one side of the vein is in contact with the main capillary structure. Compared with the prior art, the heat pipe of the present invention utilizes the main hair-constitution phase of the evaporation section to have a more slave record than the condensed main capillary structure, so that the main hair: the fine force is strong and the liquid reflux resistance is small; the auxiliary capillary structure The LV complements the capillary force of the main capillary structure and increases the fluid transport energy. 2. During the flat-bending forming process, it can be maintained because it is not easily damaged, and the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe is improved as a whole. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the following description will be made in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to Figure 1, the heat pipe 1G includes a tubular body 12, a capillary structure, and a working fluid (not shown) in the tubular body 12. The hot brother is made of a material with thermal conductivity, which can transfer the heat generated by the hairpin to the inside of the pipe body 12, which includes the respective positions (4) 200907277 The evaporation section 121, the condensation section 122 and the connection of the two ends of the pipe body 12 The reading section of the curtain and the adiabatic section of the condensing section 122 〇', ', - and - the working fluid is filled in the tube body 12 L, alcohol, A Sf and other substances having a point K. The working fluid is composed of a body At the end of 121, the endothermic evaporation 'heating with the heat to the condensation section 122 122 and then condensed into a liquid' releases the heat, and returns to the next, endothermic-exothermic cycle at:, =: m, and continues to effectively dissipate heat. 』\热兀仵 The capillary structure includes a primary capillary and a secondary capillary structure 16 disposed on the inner wall of the tubular body 12. The primary capillary structure 14 is a combination of different configurations, and is disposed at different positions of the heat pipe 12 not _^=: Please refer to phase 2 at the same time. The condensation section 122 and the adiabatic section (2) of the heat f 12 adopt a grooved capillary structure formed by a plurality of small axial grooves 141; please refer to FIG. 3A at the same time, and the evaporation section m is adopted. a sintered capillary structure formed by sintering a powder (4) I and a tantalum junction J耘, The powder of the powder can be selected from the metal powder of the core powder, such as copper material, and the fine structure 16 is attached to the inner wall of the main capillary structure 14, which is a longitudinally hollow tubular structure, and the condensation section of the heat pipe 12 The m extension is directed to the evaporation section i2i, which is a flexible tubular structure formed by weaving a wire made of a plurality of materials such as copper wire, aluminum wire, stainless steel wire or fiber bundle, formed on the pipe wall 161. There are a plurality of small pores, and a central passage 163 is formed therein. The pores on the soil 161 communicate with the central passage M3. The diameter of the central passage m3 can be expanded from 〇5 mm to several millimeters, and the maximum value can be different. The working fluid is appropriately adjusted. Taking pure water as the working fluid as an example, the diameter of the center 200907277 channel 163 is preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, and the vessel has a unity to the direction of the working fluid transport. The liquid pure water formed by exothermic condensation of the condensation section 122 is directly sent to the evaporation section 121, and the vapor which is vaporized by the endothermic evaporation in the evaporation section 121 is diffused from the passage between the vessel and the tube 12 to the condensation section 122, thereby avoiding The vapor-liquid mixing in the tube affects its function of transporting the fluid. The outer diameter of the vessel is much smaller than the diameter of the inner bore of the tubular body 12, the top side of the vessel is away from the main capillary structure 14, and the bottom side of the tubular wall 161 is axially Adhering to the primary capillary structure 14, the pores in the wall 161 are in communication with the pores in the primary capillary structure 14, i.e., the secondary capillary structure 16 is in communication with the primary capillary structure 14 to form a composite capillary structure. When the main capillary structure 14 is formed into a combination of different types of capillary structures, on the one hand, the use of the sintered powder 142 to form a small capillary pore can generate a large capillary adsorption force to the liquid, and is disposed in the evaporation section 121 to generate a drive. The pressure difference of the condensed working fluid from the condensation section 122 to the evaporation section 121 accelerates the return of the working fluid from the condensation section 122 to the evaporation section 121, thereby accelerating the circulation of the working fluid in the heat pipe 10 as a whole, and increasing the heat in the heat pipe 10 The transfer speed of the inside; on the other hand, the groove 141 has a larger flow path gap, and is disposed in the condensation section 122 and the heat insulation section 123 of the heat pipe 10, so that the reflux liquid is received therein. The friction and viscous force smaller, and thus little reflow of the condensed working fluid to generate the resistance, to facilitate working fluid reflux. The auxiliary capillary structure 16 forms a plurality of fine pores by the vessel wall 161 to generate a capillary force to adsorb the working fluid in the primary capillary structure 14 so that the working fluid can pass through the pores in the primary capillary structure 14 and The auxiliary capillary structure 16 moves, and the condensed working fluid is transported to the evaporation section 121' through the small inner channel 10 200907277 heart channel 163 to assist the circulation of the working fluid in the pipe body 12, complementing the original heat pipe 10 The capillary force and the fluid transporting capacity enhance the heat exchange between the evaporation section 121 of the heat pipe 10 and the condensation section 122. The pores formed on the auxiliary capillary structure 16 have a strong adsorption force to the working fluid, and the condensation can be avoided. The working fluid is easily accumulated in the condensation section 122 due to gravity, resulting in an increase in thermal resistance. The vascular tube is wrapable and disposed along the axial direction of the tubular body 12, and only one side thereof is attached to the main capillary structure 14 along the extending direction thereof, so that the auxiliary capillary structure 16 can be formed after the heat pipe 10 is flattened or bent. It still retains its existing functions and improves the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe as a whole. When the main capillary structure 14 of the heat pipe 10 is combined with different types of capillary structures, there are many variations, as shown in Figs. 3B to 3E, which are various other capillary structures provided for the evaporation section 121. FIG. 3B shows a screen-type capillary structure composed of a wire mesh 143 disposed on the evaporation section 121. The wire mesh 143 may be formed by braiding a metal copper mesh or a fiber bundle, and the sintered capillary structure is provided in a pore size. Capillary forces and other characteristics are similar, so similar effects can be achieved. 3C shows a composite capillary structure in which the groove 141 and the sintered powder 142 are simultaneously disposed in the evaporation section 121; and FIG. 3D shows a composite capillary formed by the groove 141 and the wire 143 at the same time in the evaporation section 121. FIG. 3E also shows a composite capillary structure formed by the groove 141 and the wire mesh 143 at the same time in the evaporation section 121, but the wire mesh 143 is wound to form a shape matching the groove 141 and filled in the groove. In 141, the contact area between the screen 143 and the tube 12 can be increased, so that the heat of the external heat source is more favorable for transfer into the tube. In the above-mentioned 11 200907277, the condensation section 122 and the heat insulation section 123 in the embodiment are provided with a grooved capillary structure, and the capillary structures of the different forms can be combined to make the capillary force of the evaporation section 121 larger than the condensation section 122 and the adiabatic section 123. The capillary force 'to achieve the smooth and rapid reflow of the working fluid in the tube, and to improve the heat exchange efficiency inside and outside the tube. 6 In fact, the condensation section 122 can be provided with a sintered or mesh type in addition to the grooved capillary structure. a capillary structure, and the evaporation section 121 corresponds to a mesh type capillary structure having a small capillary diameter, a sintered capillary structure, a groove 141 and a sintered powder 142, or a composite capillary structure formed by combining the groove 141 and the wire mesh 143; The condensing section 122 can also be configured as a composite wicking structure of the groove 141 and the sintered powder 142 or the groove 141 and the wire 143, and the evaporation section 121 is correspondingly provided with a composite of the sintered powder 142 and the wire 143 having a small capillary diameter. The capillary structure may be such that the effective capillary pore size of the capillary structure of the condensing section 122 of the capillary structure provided by the evaporation section 121 is smaller. Therefore, the condensation section 122 having a large effective capillary diameter has the characteristics of small flow resistance and convenient reflux of the condensed liquid, and the evaporation section 121 having a small effective capillary diameter has the characteristics of large capillary force and large contact area with the tube body 12, Improve the effect of heat transfer. The aperture of the main capillary structure 14 disposed in the adiabatic section 123 may also be the same as the evaporation section 121 or between the evaporation section 121 and the condensation section 122, so that the condensation section 122, the adiabatic section 123, and the evaporation section 121 are provided. The pore size of the capillary structure is gradually decreased, and the flow resistance encountered by the working fluid returning and the capillary force subjected to the capillary force are stepped excessively, so that the reflux is smoother, and the shape of the heat pipe 10 is set to be a circular straight shape, It can be flattened into a flat shape, or it can be bent 12 200907277 into a u "Bie Zhiben" τ,, Hawthorn second L-shaped. For the "U" type heat pipe application, 1 can be used as the evaporation section 121 to contact the heat pipe, and the other can be placed in the middle of the bend between the two flat ends as... and 121 is in contact with the heat source, and two The flat ends serve as condensation sections 122, respectively. The auxiliary capillary structure 16 of the heat pipe 10 can also include a plurality of veins disposed at the same time. The four vessels can be arranged in the tube body 12 or adhere to each other, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. A plurality of vessels can further complement the heat pipe 1 〇 main hair, "field,,,. The working fluid of the capillary force and the fluid transporting capacity of the structure 14 is easy to accumulate in the condensation due to the force of the force." The segment 122 causes the thermal resistance to be added, and the capillary wicking structure 16 maintains the existing 1 force energy after the heat pipe 1G is flattened or folded, thereby improving the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe 1G as a whole. The invention meets the requirements of the invention patent, and the above-mentioned patent application LX is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the person who reduces the skill of the present invention is made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention: It is included in the following patent application. ^ [Simple description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the heat officer to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of Fig. 1 - A ~ Q. ^...s The condensation section is shown along the Π-Π line. Figure 3A shows the evaporation m line of the heat f shown in Figure i. Figure 3B shows the heat shown in Figure 3B. Another embodiment of the evaporation section: Fig. 3C is a further embodiment of the evaporation section of the heat pipe shown in Fig. 3A. Fig. 3C is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the evaporation section of the heat pipe shown in Fig. 3, 200907277. Fig. 3E is Fig. 3A Fig. 4 is a radial cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a radial cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. : Main component symbol description] Heat pipe 10 Evaporation section 121 Insulation section 123 Groove 141 Wire mesh 143 Crotch part 161 Pipe body 12 Condensation section 122 Main capillary structure 14 Sintered powder 142 Auxiliary capillary structure 16 Center channel 163 14