200806010 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明一般係關於爵態成像器器件領域，而更特定言之 係關於一種用以在一固態成像器器件中降低雜訊之方法及 裝置。 【先知技術】200806010 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to the field of state of the art imager devices, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for reducing noise in a solid state imager device. [Prophet technology]
光成像應用中已使用包括電荷耦合器件（CCD)、CMOS 成像器及其他器件之固態成像器。一固態成像器電路包括 像素單元之一焦平面陣列，該等單元中的各單元包括一光 感測器，該光感測器可以係具有一用以累積光致電荷的摻 雜區域之光閘極、光導體或光二極體。 對於固恶衫像感測裔而言最具挑戰性的問題之一係降低 雜訊’尤其係對於具有較小像素尺寸之❹b。雜訊對影 像品質之影響隨著像素尺寸不斷減小而增加而且可對影像 品質產生嚴重影響。尤其’由於減小的動態範圍，因此雜 訊，更小的像素中影響影像品f。解決此問題的方式之一 係豬由改良製程；但是與此類改良相關的成本較高。因 此，工程師們常常關注其他降低雜訊的方法。 本文間要彡兒明可用於去降旦彡会 々 、 、去除〜像雜吼之兩個範例性方法。 第-方法包括使用局部平滑濾 一 A 忑寺應波态猎由應用 二嶋處波器來降低該影像中的雜訊成分來運 類濾波益之典型範例包括平均、媒 部平滑濾波H相關之__n ' — ^ U11 °與局 率成分-由於雜其在作為該影像部分的高頻 羊成刀”由於雜讯而產生的高頻率成分之間不作區分。因 H7237.doc 200806010 此，此等濾波器不僅移除雜訊，而且還使得該影像之邊緣 變模糊。 一第二組去除雜訊之方法在空間頻域中.運作。此等方法 一般首先.將該影像資料轉換成一頻率空間（正向轉換），然 後過濾所轉換的影像，而·最後將該影像轉換回成該影像空 間（反向轉換）。此類濾波器之典型範例包括DFT(Discrete Fourier Transform ;離散傅立葉轉換）濾波器及波長轉換瀘 波益、。但是，將此等濾波器用於去除影像雜訊由於處理該 影像資料所需要的大量計算而受阻。此外，可因使用此等 濾波器來降低雜訊而產生區塊假影及振盪。進一步，最佳 的係在一 YUV(Y係亮度成分而卩與v係色度成分）顏色空間 中實施此等濾波器。因此，極需一種不會令該影像的邊緣 變杈糊之有效的去除影像雜訊方法及裝置。 【發明内容】 本發明在各項範例性具體實施例中係關於一種允許在一 成像器件中去除影像雜訊之方法及裝置。 依據本發明之範例性具體實施例，一方法及實施裝置選 T包括一所識別像素的相鄰像素對之一影像校正核心，決 疋；k正核心中像素對之平均輸出信號值，決定該等平均值 y所識別像素值之間的差，將該等差值與—臨界相比較， 並針對具有等於或小於_臨界值的不同值之像素對而將所 選取的平均像素對之值併人之該所識別像素值。 【實施方式】 在下文之4細說明中，將參考附圖，其形成說明之一部 117237.doc 200806010 分並藉由圖解顯示可實施本發明的特定具體實施例。對此 等具體實施例之詳細說明足以能使熟習此項技術者實施本 發明，且應瞭解可以使用其他具體實施例，並可以進行結 構、邏輯及電性#面的變化而不致背離本發明的精神及範 疇。所描述的處理步驟之進程為本發明之具體實施例的範 例；但是，該等步驟之順序並不限於本文所述者而正如此 項技術中所習知可以改變，除了必須以一特定順序發生的 步驟之外。 本文所使用的術語，，像素，，表示一光元件單位單元，其包 含用以將光子轉換為一電氣信號之一光感測器器件及相關 結構。基於解說之目的，圖式及本文說明中解說一單一的 代表性三色像素陣列。但是，本發明可以係應用於單色成 像器以及用以感測一陣列中三個以下或三個以上顏色成分 的成像器。因此，以下詳細說明不應從限制意義來看待， 而本發明之範疇僅由隨附申請專利範圍來定義。 此外，應瞭解，單獨來看，一像素一般不會在各個入射 光顏色之間加以區分，而其輸出信號僅表示所接收光之強 度，而並不對顏色作任何識別。但是，如本文所述，當與 該像素陣列結合使用一濾、色片81(圖υ以將—特定波長範圍 的光聚焦（對應於一特定顏色）到該等像素80上時，像素80 係以顏色來表示（即，"紅色像素”、，，藍色像素"等卜圖1說 明一範例性傳統濾色片陣列，其係配置為一 Bayer圖案， 覆蓋一像素陣列以聚焦入射光H，當本文中使用術語 ”紅色像素"時’其表示與穿過—紅色渡色片的光相關並接 117237.doc 200806010 收該：之-像素;當本文中使用術語"藍色像素，，時，其表 /、牙過監色濾色片的光相關並接收該光之一像素；而 當本文中使用術語"綠色像素"時，其表示與穿過'綠色濾 色片的光相關並接收該.光之一像素。 圖式中，圖2A及2B分別說明像素陣，列1〇〇、11〇之部 ^，每一陣列部分具有一個別的所識別像素32a、3几，該 等個別的所識別像素可經歷依據本發明之一校正方法。= 素陣列100中的所識別像素32a可以係一紅色或一藍色像 素。像素陣列110具有一所識別像素32b，其係一綠色像 素。 在圖示範例中，假定像素陣列100、110係與—^吖“圖 案濾色片陣列“（圖丨）相關；但是，本發明還可用於其他濾 色片圖案。該等濾色片81將一特定波長範圍的入射光聚2 到下部像素8G上。在該Bayer圖案中，每列像素陣列由= 替的紅色（R)與綠色（G)彩色像素組成，而其他列由交替= 綠色（G)與藍色（B)像素組成。 依據本發明之範例性具體實施例，為去除像素雜訊，本 發明使用所識別像素32a、32b之四個最近相鄰對之信號 值。所識別像素32a、32b係當前所處理的像素。本文中將 相鄰像素統稱為一影像核心，在圖2八及2B中分別顯示為 f心l〇la、i〇lb。每一核心1〇la、1〇lb中總共包括八個相 鄰像素。相同顏色的八個相鄰像素係分成相對於所識別像 素32a、32b而對稱的四對。應注意，圖示校正核心i〇h、 ⑺比係範例性，而對於使用#Bayer圖案的濾色片圖案之 117237.doc 200806010 像素陣列，可選擇其他校正核心。此外，#需要，一校正 核心可包涵多於或少於八個相鄰像素。 在圖2A及2B中，以-虛線勾畫出範例性的校正核心 l〇la、101b。對於核心1〇la，有八個像素(像素、η、 14 34 54 52、50及30)具有與所.識別像素32a相周之顏Solid-state imagers including charge coupled devices (CCDs), CMOS imagers, and other devices have been used in optical imaging applications. A solid-state imager circuit includes a focal plane array of one of the pixel units, each of the units including a photo sensor, the photo sensor having a shutter for accumulating a photocharged doped region A pole, a light conductor or a light diode. One of the most challenging problems for the wicked shirts is to reduce the noise, especially for 具有b with a smaller pixel size. The effect of noise on image quality increases as the pixel size decreases and can have a severe impact on image quality. In particular, due to the reduced dynamic range, noise is affected by smaller pixels. One way to solve this problem is to improve the process by pigs; however, the costs associated with such improvements are higher. As a result, engineers are often concerned with other ways to reduce noise. In this paper, we must use two examples of methods that can be used to go to the dynasty, and to remove ~ like hodgepodge. The first method includes the use of local smoothing filter. A 忑 应 应 应 由 由 由 由 由 由 由 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用 应用__n ' — ^ U11 ° and the local rate component - because of the high-frequency sheep that is part of the image, the high-frequency components produced by the noise are not distinguished. Because of H7237.doc 200806010 The filter not only removes the noise, but also blurs the edges of the image. A second set of methods for removing noise operates in the spatial frequency domain. These methods generally first convert the image data into a frequency space ( Forward conversion), then filter the converted image, and finally convert the image back into the image space (reverse conversion). Typical examples of such filters include DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) filter And wavelength conversion, however, the use of these filters to remove image noise is hindered by the large amount of computation required to process the image data. In addition, due to the use of such Wave filters to reduce noise and block artifacts and oscillations. Further, the best implementation is to implement such filters in a YUV (Y-based luminance component and v-v-chromic component) color space. There is a need for an image removal method and apparatus that does not obscure the edges of the image. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, in various exemplary embodiments, relates to allowing image removal in an imaging device. Method and apparatus according to the present invention. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method and an apparatus for selecting T include an image correction core of an adjacent pixel pair of a recognized pixel, and a majority of the pixel pairs in the positive core of k Outputting signal values, determining the difference between the pixel values identified by the average values y, comparing the differences to the -critical, and selecting the pixel pairs having different values equal to or less than the _threshold value The value of the average pixel pair is the same as the recognized pixel value. [Embodiment] In the following detailed description, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the description 117237.doc 200806010 and by graphical display The specific embodiments of the present invention can be implemented, and the detailed description of the specific embodiments is sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is understood that other embodiments may be utilized, and structural, logical, and electrical. The process of the described processing steps is an example of a specific embodiment of the invention; however, the order of the steps is not limited to those described herein and as such The prior art can be varied, except for steps that must occur in a particular order. The term, pixel, as used herein, refers to an optical component unit that includes light for converting photons into an electrical signal. Sensor device and related structures. For the purposes of illustration, a single representative three-color pixel array is illustrated in the drawings and the description herein. However, the present invention can be applied to a monochrome imager and an imager for sensing three or more or more color components in an array. Therefore, the following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the invention is defined only by the scope of the accompanying claims. In addition, it should be understood that, alone, a pixel generally does not distinguish between the colors of the respective incident light, and its output signal only indicates the intensity of the received light without any recognition of the color. However, as described herein, when a filter, color patch 81 is used in conjunction with the pixel array (to focus the light of a particular wavelength range (corresponding to a particular color) onto the pixels 80, the pixel 80 is Expressed in color (ie, "red pixels",, blue pixels", etc., Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary conventional color filter array configured as a Bayer pattern covering a pixel array to focus incident light. H, as used herein, the term "red pixel" is used to mean the connection to the light passing through the red color plate. 117237.doc 200806010 Received: the pixel; when the term "blue pixel is used herein , when, its light is correlated with the light of the color filter and receives one of the pixels of the light; and when the term "green pixel" is used herein, it is expressed and passed through the 'green color filter' The light is correlated and receives one of the pixels of the light. In the drawings, Figures 2A and 2B illustrate the pixel array, the columns 1〇〇, 11〇, respectively, each array portion having a different identified pixel 32a, 3 a few, these individual identified pixels can be experienced according to this One of the correction methods is that the identified pixel 32a in the prime array 100 can be a red or a blue pixel. The pixel array 110 has a recognized pixel 32b that is a green pixel. In the illustrated example, a pixel array is assumed. The 100, 110 series are related to the "patterned color filter array" (Fig. ;); however, the present invention is also applicable to other color filter patterns. The color filters 81 concentrate incident light of a specific wavelength range. To the lower pixel 8G. In the Bayer pattern, each column of pixel arrays consists of = red (R) and green (G) color pixels, while the other columns are alternated = green (G) and blue (B) pixels. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to remove pixel noise, the present invention uses signal values of four nearest neighbor pairs of identified pixels 32a, 32b. The identified pixels 32a, 32b are currently processed pixels. In this paper, adjacent pixels are collectively referred to as an image core, and are shown as f cores l〇la, i〇lb in Figures 2 and 2B, respectively. Each core 1〇la, 1〇lb includes a total of eight adjacent Pixels. Eight adjacent pixels of the same color are divided into Four pairs symmetric with respect to the identified pixels 32a, 32b. It should be noted that the illustrated correction cores i〇h, (7) are exemplary, while for the 117237.doc 200806010 pixel array using the #Bayer pattern of color filter patterns, Other correction cores are selected. Furthermore, a correction core may contain more or less than eight adjacent pixels. In Figures 2A and 2B, exemplary correction cores l〇la, 101b are outlined with a dashed line. The core 1〇la has eight pixels (pixels, η, 14 34 54 52, 50, and 30) having a face that is adjacent to the identified pixel 32a.
色。儘管看起來校正核心101仏含十六個像素，但應注意 該等像素㈣—半像素係綠色像素，不會考慮將其信號用 於去除-紅色或藍色像素32a的雜訊。圖3更詳細地顯示組 成核心iGia之實際像素。核㈣⑽包括具有與所識別像 素32&相同的綠色之八個像素（像素12、23、％、β、 41、30及 21) 〇 參考圖4，現在說明本發明之一範例性方法。可藉由 一影像處理電路280來實施該方法（下面參考圖5而說明）。 應瞭解，母像素具有表示在該像素接收到的光數量之一 值。儘管表示來自該像素之一讀出信號，但該值係該讀出 類比#唬之一數位化表示。下面說明中將此等值表示為 Ρχ ’其中"p”係該值，而"χ"係圖2八或2]6所示像素編號。僅 基於說明目的，參考i2A所示核心1〇^及像素32a來說明 該方法200。 在一初始步驟201中，識別所處理的像素32a。接下來， 在步驟202中選擇/識別該核心1〇la。在針對該像素32&而選 擇相關核心1 〇 1 a後，對稱性位於該像素32a周圍的每一核 心像素皆成對，而在步驟203中計算針對每一對之平均值 Apair。針對核心l〇la的像素對係1〇與54 ; 12與52 ; 3〇與34 117237.doc 200806010 以及50與14。可看出，該箄斟 對侧t之德4 乂 4對包含在所㈣像素32a的相 i上之像素。例如’針對像素對12、 A!252=(P!2+P32)/2。 出千均值 在步驟2咐，針對每—對像素，計算 與所處理像素.32am mD 素對千均值 12、W出差"二 針對.像素對 、，旷1 ,252 ,〇接下來在步驟205中，將 所有成對的差值D .盘—s合w /士 πττ 1 ' _與^界值ΤΗ相比較。例如，可㈣ 用來自當前增益設定的雜訊位進 曰 疋扪雜Λ位準或使用其他適當方法， 預先選擇該臨界值丁Η。 接下來在步驟206中，將具有小於或等於該臨界值扭的 差值Dpair之像素對平均值、☆與像素值平均。例如， 若僅像素對12、52及30、34之#佶η rv 汉川34之差值Dl252、D3G34小於或等於 該臨界值TH ’則將平均值八1252及—Na相加而將總和 除以3’來去除P32a之值的雜訊。在一範例性具體實施例 中’當所有四個差值皆小於或等於該臨界時’使用四個平 均值^或P32a之初始值來計算P32a之值。在此具體實施例 中，若差值Dpair小於或等於該臨界，則將該對之平均值與 該總和相加，或者替代的係加上p^a之值。因此，若最近 相鄰像素對的所有四個差值皆小於或等於該臨界，則不使 用？32a之原始值來計算在去除雜訊後的值。但是，例 如’若該等差值中僅兩個差值小於或等於該臨界，則將 P32a之值使用二次來計算p^a在去除雜訊後的值（即 P32a-Apairl+Apair2+P32a+P32a)。一般地，平均作為二的冪方 (例如，平均2、4、8個值等）之一數目的值易於計算並應用 117237.doc -10· 200806010 於成像器。因此，藉由平均作為二的幕方之一數目的值， 攸而更谷易貝知本發明。但是，本發明不限於此等實施方 案’而可藉由使用任何合適數目的值來實施。 本斤。兒月的方法可在處理每一像素信號時針對每一像 素信號來實施。由於去除像素值的雜訊，因此先前已去除 雜訊的像素之值可用於去除其他像素值中的雜訊。因此， 田使用本文所5兒明的方法及先前去除雜訊的像素之值來去 瞻除其他像素雜訊時，該方法及裝置係以一部分遞迴的方式 貫施。但是，本發明不限於此實施方案，而可以係以一完 王遞迴（藉由使用來自其他已去除雜訊的像素之值來去除 像素雜λ )或非遞迴的方式（不使用已去除雜訊的像素來去 除後續像素的雜訊）實施。 如上所述，亦可對像素32b及相關影像校正核心1〇11)來 執行及κ施上述方法2〇〇。例如，在步驟2〇2中選擇/識辄 該核心loib。在針對像素32a而選擇相關核心1〇11>後，對 φ 稱地位於像素32b周圍的該等核心像素之每一像素皆係成 對，而在步驟203中計算針對每—對之平均值。針對 核心1〇lb的像素對係3〇與34 ; 12與52 ; 21與43以及41與 23 °如上所述來實施其餘步驟204至206。 上述具體實施例提供的去除雜訊可能不足以移除偽雜訊 (即，大於6個標準偏差之雜訊）。因此，本發明在已藉由一 將移除偽雜訊的濾波器來處理該影像資料之後實施的情況 下得到更佳的利用。 本發明不限於上述具體實施例。例如，可將一具體化該 117237.doc 200806010 、 私式儲存於一可包括 RAM(random access memory ;color. Although it appears that the correction core 101 contains sixteen pixels, it should be noted that the pixels (four) - half pixels are green pixels and do not consider the use of their signals for removing noise from the red or blue pixels 32a. Figure 3 shows the actual pixels that make up the core iGia in more detail. Core (4) (10) includes eight pixels (pixels 12, 23, %, β, 41, 30, and 21) having the same green color as the identified pixels 32 & 〇 Referring to Figure 4, an exemplary method of the present invention will now be described. The method can be implemented by an image processing circuit 280 (described below with reference to Figure 5). It will be appreciated that the parent pixel has a value indicative of the amount of light received at the pixel. Although the signal is read from one of the pixels, the value is a digital representation of the readout analogy #唬. In the following description, the values are expressed as Ρχ 'where "p' is the value, and "χ" is the pixel number shown in Figure 2 or 2] 6. For the purpose of illustration only, refer to the core shown in i2A. And the pixel 32a to illustrate the method 200. In an initial step 201, the processed pixel 32a is identified. Next, the core 1a is selected/identified in step 202. The relevant core is selected for the pixel 32& After 1 a1 a, each core pixel whose symmetry is located around the pixel 32a is paired, and the average value Apair for each pair is calculated in step 203. The pixel pair system 1〇 and 54 for the core l〇la 12 and 52; 3〇 and 34 117237.doc 200806010 and 50 and 14. It can be seen that the pair of sides t of the t4 乂4 pairs of pixels contained in the phase i of the (four) pixel 32a. For example, Pixel pair 12, A! 252 = (P! 2 + P32) / 2. The thousand mean value is calculated in step 2, for each pixel, the calculated pixel is .32am mD for the mean value of 12, W spread " For the pixel pair, 旷1, 252, 〇 next in step 205, all pairs of difference D. disk-s combined w / 士Πττ 1 ' _ is compared with the threshold value 。. For example, (4) the noise level from the current gain setting can be used to enter the noise level or other appropriate method can be used to pre-select the threshold value. In step 206, the pixel pair having the difference Dpair less than or equal to the threshold value is averaged, ☆ and the pixel value are averaged. For example, if only the pixel pair 12, 52 and 30, 34 #佶η rv Hanchuan 34 The difference Dl252, D3G34 is less than or equal to the threshold TH', then the average of eight 1252 and -Na are added and the sum is divided by 3' to remove the noise of the value of P32a. In an exemplary embodiment The value of P32a is calculated using the initial values of the four averages ^ or P32a when all four differences are less than or equal to the critical value. In this embodiment, if the difference Dpair is less than or equal to the criticality, then The average of the pair is added to the sum, or the value of the substitute is added to the value of p^a. Therefore, if all four differences of the nearest neighboring pixel pair are less than or equal to the critical value, then the ?32a is not used. The original value is used to calculate the value after removing the noise. However, for example, 'if If only two of the differences are less than or equal to the critical value, the value of P32a is used twice to calculate the value of p^a after removing the noise (ie, P32a-Apairl+Apair2+P32a+P32a). Ground, the average number of values as a power of two (eg, average 2, 4, 8 values, etc.) is easy to calculate and apply 117237.doc -10·200806010 to the imager. Therefore, by averaging the value of the number of one of the screens of the second, the present invention is known. However, the invention is not limited to the embodiments and can be implemented by using any suitable number of values. The pound. The method of the month can be implemented for each pixel signal while processing each pixel signal. Since the noise of the pixel value is removed, the value of the pixel from which the noise has been previously removed can be used to remove noise in other pixel values. Therefore, the method and apparatus are partially recursive when using the method described in this document and the value of the pixels previously removed to remove other pixel noise. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, but may be de-returned (by using values from other pixels that have been removed to remove pixel λ) or non-returned (not used) The noise of the pixels to remove the noise of subsequent pixels) implementation. As described above, the above method 2 can also be performed and applied to the pixel 32b and the associated image correction core 1). For example, select/identify the core loib in step 2〇2. After the correlation core 1〇11> is selected for the pixel 32a, each pixel of the core pixels located φ around the pixel 32b is paired, and in step 203, the average value for each pair is calculated. The remaining steps 204 to 206 are implemented as described above for the pixel pair 3 〇 lb and 34; 12 and 52; 21 and 43 and 41 and 23 °. The removal of noise provided by the above embodiments may not be sufficient to remove false noise (i.e., noise greater than 6 standard deviations). Therefore, the present invention is better utilized in the case where it has been implemented by processing a video material with a filter that removes pseudo noise. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For example, an embodiment of the 117237.doc 200806010 can be stored in a private memory (random access memory;
隨機存取記愔鱗:^ + A ύ G體）、軟碟、資料傳輸、光碟等的載體媒體 上’而接菩Ιέ rk , 茶错由一相關處理器來實施。例如，本發明可以 係貝施為用於現有軟體應用程式之一插入件，或者其可以 係獨立使用。本發明不限於本文所指定的載體媒體，而且 可使用此項技術中習知的任何載體媒體來實施本發明。 圖5說明具有一像素陣列24〇之一範例性成像器件。 藉由列驅動器245回應於列位址解碼器255來選擇性地致 動4陣列240之列線。在該成像器件3〇〇中還包括一行驅動 260與行位址解碼器27〇。藉由時序及控制電路來操 作該成像器件300，該時序及控制電路25〇控制位址解碼器 255、270。該控制電路25〇還控制該列與行驅動器電路 245 、 260 〇 舁忒行驅動益260相關之一取樣與保持電路26丨針對該陣 列240之所選取像素而讀取一像素重設信號Vrst與一像素影 像信號Vsig。藉由差動放大器262針對每一像素產生一差 動信號（Vrst-Vsig)，並藉由類比至數位轉換器275(adc)來 數位化該差動信號。該類比至數位轉換器275將經數位化 的像素信號提供給形成並可輸出一數位影像之一影像處理 器280。該影像處理器280具有能夠在像素陣列24〇上實行 該方法20 0(圖4)之一電路。 圖6顯不系統11 〇〇，其係一修改成包括本發明之成像器 件300(圖5)的典型處理器系統。該系統11〇〇係具有可包括 景々像感測益益件的數位電路之一系統之範例。若不作限 117237.doc -12- 200806010 制’則此-系統可包括一電腦系統、靜態或視訊相機系 統、掃描器、機器視覺、禎 見視訊電話及自動聚焦系統或其他 成像器系統°或者’可藉由位於該放大器262與ADC 275 之間的一硬線電路來對該像素陣列之類比輸出進行處理。 糸統11〇〇(例如一相機系統）—般包含透過-匯流排1104 與一輸入/輸出_器件11〇6通信之一中央處理單元 (CPU)11G2’例如—微處理11 °成像器件300亦透'過匯流排 與CPU 1102通信。以處理器為主之系統蘭還包括隨 機存取記憶雜AM)⑽，並可包括亦透過匯流排ιι〇4與 〇2通仡之可移除的記憶體⑴$，例如快閃記憶體。 可將該成像器件_與一處理器（例如— cpu、數位信號處 理器。或微處理器）組合，而在—單—積體電路上或在與該 處理盗不同之—晶片上的記憶體儲存器可有可無。 儘管已結合當時已知的範例性具體實施例對本發明作詳 細说明’但應容易瞭解，本發明並不限於此類所揭示的具 體實施例。而是’可將本發明修改成併入至此尚未說明但 與本發明之精神及範嘴一致的任何數量之變化、更改、替 代或等效配置。例如’可將該等方法用於除所述㈣“圖 -、、卜的其他圖案中之像素’並會相應調整該等校正核 1此外，本發明不會受限於其所應用的成像器器件之類 型。因此’不應將本發明視為限於以上說明，而係僅限於 隨附申請專利範圍之範疇。 【圖式簡單說明】 稭由上面提供的關於本發明之詳細說明並參考附圖，將 H7237.doc 200806010 優點與特徵，其中： 用之一傳統微透鏡及濾色片 容易明白本發明之上述及其他 圖1係與一像素陣列結合使 陣列之一俯視圖； 圖2 A洗明依據本發明之一用 色像素的影像校正核心； 於像素陣列之一紅色或藍 像素陣列之一綠色像素 圖2B說明依據本發.明之一用於 的校正核心；The random access memory scale: ^ + A ύ G body), floppy disk, data transmission, optical disk, etc. on the carrier media, and the 错 Ιέ rk, tea error is implemented by a related processor. For example, the present invention can be used as an insert for an existing software application, or it can be used independently. The invention is not limited to the carrier medium specified herein, and the invention may be practiced using any carrier medium known in the art. Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary imaging device having a pixel array 24A. The column lines of the array 4 are selectively activated by the column driver 245 in response to the column address decoder 255. Also included in the imaging device 3 is a row of drivers 260 and a row address decoder 27A. The imaging device 300 is operated by timing and control circuitry, which controls the address decoders 255, 270. The control circuit 25A also controls the column and row driver circuits 245, 260 to drive the driver 260, and the sample and hold circuit 26 reads a pixel reset signal Vrst for the selected pixel of the array 240. One pixel image signal Vsig. A differential signal (Vrst - Vsig) is generated for each pixel by the differential amplifier 262, and the differential signal is digitized by analog to digital converter 275 (adc). The analog to digital converter 275 provides the digitized pixel signal to an image processor 280 that forms and outputs a digital image. The image processor 280 has circuitry capable of performing one of the methods 20 (Fig. 4) on the pixel array 24A. Figure 6 shows a system 11 that is modified to include a typical processor system of the imaging device 300 (Figure 5) of the present invention. The system 11 is an example of a system of digital circuits that can include a landscape sensing benefit. If not limited to 117237.doc -12- 200806010 system - then this system can include a computer system, static or video camera system, scanner, machine vision, video telephony and auto focus system or other imager system ° or ' The analog output of the pixel array can be processed by a hardwired circuit between the amplifier 262 and the ADC 275. The system 11 (for example, a camera system) generally includes a central processing unit (CPU) 11G2' for communicating with an input/output_device 11〇6 through a busbar 1104, for example, a microprocessing 11° imaging device 300. The 'busy bus' communicates with the CPU 1102. The processor-based system LAN also includes random access memory (AM) (10) and may include removable memory (1)$, such as flash memory, also communicated through the bus ι4 and 〇2. The imaging device can be combined with a processor (e.g., a cpu, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor), or on a mono-integrated circuit or on a wafer different from the processing. The storage is optional. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, it is understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, modifications, substitutions, or equivalents, which are not described herein, and which are consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the methods may be used in addition to the (four) "pixels in other patterns of the picture -,, and the same" and the correction core 1 will be adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, the invention is not limited by the imager to which it is applied. The type of the device. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the above description, but only in the scope of the accompanying claims. [Simplified Description of the Drawing] Straw is provided from the above detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings Advantages and features of H7237.doc 200806010, wherein: using one of the conventional microlenses and color filters, it is easy to understand that the above and other FIG. 1 of the present invention are combined with a pixel array to make a top view of the array; One of the present invention uses a color pixel image correction core; one of the pixel arrays, one of the red or blue pixel arrays, and the green pixel, FIG. 2B, illustrating a correction core for use in accordance with one of the present invention;
圖3更詳細地說明圖！所示校正核心； 圖4顯示依據本發明之一範例性方法藉由一用以校正像 素雜訊之影像處理器來實施之一方法之一流程圖； 圖5顯示依據本發明之一範例性具體實施例而構成之一 成像器之一方塊圖；以及 圖6顯示併入依據本發明之一具體實施例而構成的至少 一成像器件之一處理器系統。 【主要元件符號說明】 32a、32b 所識別像素 81 遽色片 82 Bayer圖案濾色片陣列 100 、 110 像素陣列 101a、101b 核心 240 像素陣列 245 列驅動器/列驅動器電路 250 時序及控制電路 255 列位址解碼器 117237.doc -14- 200806010 260 行驅動器/行驅動器電路 261 取樣與保持電路 262 差動放大器 270 行位址解碼器 275 類比至數位轉換器（ADC). 280 影像處理器/影像處理電路 300 成像器件 1100 系統 1102 中央處理單元（CPU) 11 04 匯流排 1106 輸入/輸出（I/O)器件 1110 隨機存取記憶體（RAM) 1115 可移除記憶體 117237.doc -15-Figure 3 illustrates the diagram in more detail! A calibration core is shown; FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing one of the methods implemented by an image processor for correcting pixel noise in accordance with an exemplary method of the present invention; FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment in accordance with the present invention. One embodiment is a block diagram of one of the imagers; and Figure 6 shows a processor system incorporating at least one imaging device constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Major component symbol description] 32a, 32b identified pixel 81 遽 color patch 82 Bayer pattern color filter array 100, 110 pixel array 101a, 101b core 240 pixel array 245 column driver / column driver circuit 250 timing and control circuit 255 column Address decoder 117237.doc -14- 200806010 260 row driver/row driver circuit 261 sample and hold circuit 262 differential amplifier 270 row address decoder 275 analog to digital converter (ADC). 280 image processor / image processing circuit 300 Imaging Device 1100 System 1102 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 11 04 Bus 1106 Input/Output (I/O) Device 1110 Random Access Memory (RAM) 1115 Removable Memory 117237.doc -15-