본 발명은 광물성 폐기물을 이용한 제오라이트(ZEOLITE)의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 고체 상태 하에서 광물성 폐기물로부터 염을 함유한 제오라이트를 생산함으로서 수산화나트륨 폐용액이 발생되지 않도록 하고, 반응계의 단위 부피당제오라이트 생산량이 증대되도록 하며, 그 방법이 쉽도록 하는 제오라이트의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing zeolite using mineral waste, and in particular, by producing zeolite containing salt from mineral waste under solid state, so that sodium hydroxide waste solution is not generated, and the amount of zeolite produced per unit volume of reaction system The present invention relates to a method for producing a zeolite, which is intended to be increased and that the method is easy.
일반적으로 제오라이트는 점토광물 중에서 가장 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 미세 다공성 결정체의 규산염 물질로서 내표면적이 넓고, 동공 내부에 음전하를 띄고 있으므로 흡착제, 촉매제, 이온교환제, 분자여과제 및 탈수제 등의 다양한 분야에서 이용되고 있다.In general, zeolite is a silicate material of microporous crystals, the most widely used among clay minerals, and has a large inner surface area and negative charge in the pupil, so it is used in various fields such as adsorbents, catalysts, ion exchangers, molecular filters and dehydrating agents. It is becoming.
이러한 제오라이트는 산업폐기물인 플라이애쉬(FLY ASH), 연탄재, 화산재 및 미분 점토광물 등을 유용한 제오라이트로 합성·제조하는 방법이 잘 알려져 있다.Such zeolites are well known for synthesizing and manufacturing industrial wastes (FLY ASH), briquettes, volcanic ash and finely divided clay minerals into useful zeolites.
예컨대, 종래에는 열수합성법(熱水合成法)이라 지칭한 방법으로 광물성 폐기물로부터 제오라이트를 합성하는 것이 일반화되어 있다. 예를 들면, 플라이애쉬 40g에 1∼4N의 수산화나트륨(NaOH) 용액 176ml를 가하여 혼합한 뒤, 60∼103℃로 0.5∼24시간 가열처리 함으로서 제오라이트를 합성한다. 상기와 같은 방법으로 생성된 반응생성물은 증류수와 메탄올로 몇 번 세척한 뒤에 105℃에서 12시간 건조함으로서 제오라이트를 생산하였다.For example, conventionally, it is common to synthesize zeolite from mineral waste by a method called a hydrothermal synthesis method. For example, 176 ml of 1-4 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is added to 40 g of fly ash and mixed, and zeolite is synthesized by heating at 60 to 103 ° C. for 0.5 to 24 hours. The reaction product produced by the above method was washed several times with distilled water and methanol and then dried at 105 ° C. for 12 hours to produce zeolite.
그러나 이와 같은 종래 기술은 과량의 수산화나트륨 용액이 첨가됨으로 반응후에 과량의 수산화나트륨 폐용액이 발생하게 되었으며, 합성된 제오라이트에 나트륨 이온이 다량 함유되어 있기 때문에 나트륨이온을 제거하는 공정이 별도로 필요하게 되는 문제점이 있었다.However, such a conventional technique is to produce an excess of sodium hydroxide waste solution after the reaction by adding an excess of sodium hydroxide solution, and the process for removing sodium ions is required separately because the synthesized zeolite contains a large amount of sodium ions There was a problem.
한편, 종래에도 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위한 다양한 방법이 고안되어 왔으며, 그중 하나는 광물성 폐기물을 이용한 제오라이트의 열수합성 과정에서 액상에 알루미늄을 첨가함으로서 제오라이트의 결정화도 및 양이온치환용량을 증가시키고, 반응 후에 발생되는 수산화나트륨 폐용액을 재활용하는 방법이 있었다.On the other hand, various methods have been devised in order to improve these problems, and one of them is to increase the crystallinity and cation substitution capacity of the zeolite by adding aluminum to the liquid phase in the hydrothermal synthesis process of the zeolite using mineral waste, and occurs after the reaction. There was a way to recycle the sodium hydroxide waste solution.
그러나 이러한 종래의 개선된 제조방법은 알루미늄의 첨가로 인한 결정화도의 증가와 수산화나트륨 폐용액을 재활용함으로서 폐용액의 발생량은 줄였으나, 단위부피당 합성되는 제오라이트의 양이 여전히 적다는 점과 폐용액을 근본적으로 제거할 수 없는 문제점이 있다.However, this conventional improved manufacturing method reduces the amount of waste solution by increasing the crystallinity due to the addition of aluminum and recycling the sodium hydroxide waste solution, but the amount of zeolite synthesized per unit volume is still small and the waste solution is fundamentally reduced. There is a problem that cannot be removed.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래 광물성 폐기물을 이용한 제오라이트의 제조방법의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명된 것으로서, 고체 상태 하에서 염을 함유한 제오라이트를 생산함으로서 수산화나트륨 폐용액의 발생을 제거하고, 반응계의 단위부피당 제오라이트의 생산량을 쉽게 증대할 수 있도록 하는 새로운 제조방법을 제공하는 데에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been invented to solve the problems of the method of manufacturing a zeolite using the conventional mineral waste as described above, by producing a salt-containing zeolite under a solid state to eliminate the generation of waste sodium hydroxide solution, per unit volume of the reaction system The purpose is to provide a new manufacturing method that allows easy production of zeolites.
도 1은 종래 제오라이트 제조방법에 따른 반응생성물을 전자현미경으로 촬영한 사진1 is a photograph taken by the electron microscope of the reaction product according to the conventional zeolite manufacturing method
도 2는 본 발명 광물성 폐기물을 이용한 제오라이트 제조방방법의 공정을 나타내는 블록도Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the process of the zeolite manufacturing method using the mineral waste of the present invention
도 3은 본 발명에 의해 광물성 폐기물을 이용하여 합성된 제오라이트를 X-선 회절분석한 결과를 나타내는 그래프3 is a graph showing the results of X-ray diffraction analysis of the zeolite synthesized using the mineral waste according to the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명의 제조방법에 따른 반응생성물을 전자현미경으로 촬영한 사진Figure 4 is a photograph taken by the electron microscope of the reaction product according to the production method of the present invention
도 5는 본 발명의 제조방법(B)과 종래 기술(A)에 의해 생산된 제오라이트를27Al MAS NMR로 비교 분석한 결과를 나타내는 그래프Figure 5 is a graph showing the results of comparative analysis of the zeolite produced by the manufacturing method (B) and the prior art (A) of the present invention by27 Al MAS NMR
본 발명은 규소와 알루미늄이 주성분으로 함유된 플라이애쉬, 연탄재 및 화산재 등과 같은 광물성 폐기물에 알칼리성 화합물과 중성염을 첨가하여 교반하는 단계와, 상기 단계에서 교반된 혼합물을 150∼600℃의 온도로 0.5∼72시간 가열하는 단계로 이루어지는 것을 그 기술적 구성상의 기본 특징으로 한다.The present invention comprises the steps of adding an alkaline compound and a neutral salt to the mineral waste, such as fly ash, briquettes and volcanic ash containing silicon and aluminum as a main component, and stirring the mixture at the temperature of 150 to 600 ℃ 0.5 It consists of the stage which heats for -72 hours as a basic characteristic on the technical structure.
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 첨부한 도면에 의거하여 더욱 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention in more detail as follows.
도 2는 고체상태 하에서 광물성 폐기물을 이용한 제오라이트의 제조방법을블록도로 나타낸 것으로서, 규소와 알루미늄이 주성분으로 함유되어 있는 플라이애쉬(fly ash), 연탄재 및 화산재 등과 같은 광물성 폐기물을 이용하여 제오라이트를 합성하는 것이다.FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing zeolite using mineral waste in a solid state, and synthesizes zeolite using mineral waste such as fly ash, briquettes, and volcanic ash containing silicon and aluminum as main components. will be.
여기에서, 본 발명은 상기 광물성 폐기물에 알칼리성 화합물과 중성염을 첨가하여 교반한 뒤, 150∼600℃의 온도로 0.5∼72 시간 가열하고, 반응생성물을 증류수로 수회 세척하여 105℃에서 12시간 건조하여 제오라이트를 합성한다.Herein, the present invention adds an alkaline compound and a neutral salt to the mineral waste, stirs it, heats it at a temperature of 150 to 600 ° C. for 0.5 to 72 hours, and washes the reaction product several times with distilled water to dry at 105 ° C. for 12 hours. To synthesize a zeolite.
한편, 상기 알칼리성 화합물은 수산화나트륨(NaOH), 수산화칼륨(KOH)및 플루오르성 화합물(NH4F, HF) 중의 하나 또는 그 이상의 수로 이루어지고 그 성분비는 주원료의 10~80%가 적당하며, 상기 중성염은 질산나트륨(NaNO3), 질산칼륨(KNO3), 질산암모늄(NH4NO3) 및 인산이수소칼륨(KH2PO4) 중의 하나 또는 그 이상의 수로 이루어지고 그 성분비는 주원료의 30~100%가 바람직하다. 그러나 상기 성분비율은 성질상 특기할 만한 것이 없으므로 절대적인 수치는 아님을 밝힌다.On the other hand, the alkaline compound is composed of one or more of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH) and fluorine compounds (NH4 F, HF) and the component ratio of 10 to 80% of the main raw material is suitable, Neutral salts consist of one or more of sodium nitrate (NaNO3 ), potassium nitrate (KNO3 ), ammonium nitrate (NH4 NO3 ) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2 PO4 ), the composition ratio of which is 30 ˜100% is preferred. However, the component ratio is not an absolute value because there is nothing special to note.
도 3은 플라이애쉬에 알칼리성 화합물로 수산화나트륨을 첨가하고, 중성염으로 질산나트륨을 사용하여 합성한 반응생성물을 X-선 회절분석한 결과를 나타내는 그래프로서, 모든 처리시간에서 제오라이트가 생성되며, 소달라이트(Sodalite)와 칸크린나이트(Cancrinite)가 주 결정상으로 나타남을 보인다.3 is a graph showing the result of X-ray diffraction analysis of the reaction product synthesized using sodium hydroxide as an alkaline compound and sodium nitrate as a neutral salt in the fly ash, and zeolite is produced at all treatment times. Sodalite and Cancrinite appear to be the main crystals.
또한, 도 4는 플라이애쉬에 알칼리성 화합물로 수산화나트륨을 첨가하고 중성염으로 질산나트륨과 질산칼륨을 사용하여 합성한 제오라이트 결정상을 전자현미경으로 촬열한 사진이며, 종래의 열수합성법으로 합성한 제오라이트의 결정상을 전자현미경으로 촬영하여 사진으로 나타낸 도 1과 비교된다.4 is a photograph taken by electron microscopy of a zeolite crystal phase synthesized by adding sodium hydroxide as an alkaline compound to a fly ash and using sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate as a neutral salt, and crystal phase of zeolite synthesized by a conventional hydrothermal synthesis method. Is taken with an electron microscope and compared with FIG.
도 5는 이러한 본 발명과 종래의 제조방법에 의해 합성된 제오라이트와27Al MAS NMR로 비교 분석한 결과로서, 즉27Al MAS NMR spectra를 비교 분석한 케미컬 시프트(Chemical shift)값을 나타낸 것으로서, 종래 기술에 의해 합성된 제오라이트(A선도)의 사면체 원자구조의 알루미늄 케미컬 시프트는 63.1ppm이고, 본 발명(B선도)의 케미컬 시프트는 58.7ppm으로 나타난다.FIG. 5 shows the results of comparative analysis of the zeolite synthesized by the present invention and the conventional manufacturing method using27 Al MAS NMR, that is, the chemical shift value obtained by comparing the27 Al MAS NMR spectra. The aluminum chemical shift of the tetrahedral atomic structure of the zeolite synthesized by the technique is 63.1 ppm, and the chemical shift of the present invention (B diagram) is 58.7 ppm.
이와 같이 반응생성물의 케미컬 시프트가 상이한 것은 알루미늄 원자의 화학적 환경이 다르며, 제오라이트의 형태와 종류, Si/Al 비율에 의한 것이다. 그리고 팔면체 원자구조의 알루미늄의 케미컬 시프트는 종래 기술이 -8.8ppm이고, 본 발명이 -15.0ppm이다.Thus, the chemical shift of the reaction product is different due to the different chemical environment of the aluminum atoms and the form and type of zeolite and the Si / Al ratio. And the chemical shift of the octahedral atomic structure of aluminum is -8.8 ppm in the prior art, and -15.0 ppm in the present invention.
즉, 도 5에서 종래의 제조방법과 본 발명의 제조방법에서 비교한 두 개의 수치의 상대적인 피크의 강도를 비교해 볼 때, 본 발명의 제조방법의 반응생성물이 더 크게 나타나는 것은 제오라이트의 생성효율이 더 크기 때문이다.That is, when comparing the relative peak intensities of the two numerical values compared with the conventional manufacturing method and the manufacturing method of the present invention in Figure 5, the reaction product of the manufacturing method of the present invention is larger, the production efficiency of the zeolite is more Because of the size.
따라서 본 발명은 종래 기술의 제조방법과 비교할 때에 전체 반응물질에 대한 제오라이트의 생산비율이 높게 나타나게 된다.Therefore, in the present invention, the production ratio of zeolite with respect to the total reactants is high compared with the manufacturing method of the prior art.
이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명은 알칼리성 화합물과 중성염을 고체 상태 하에서 광물성 폐기물과 혼합하여 제오라이트를 합성하기 때문에 수산화나트륨 폐용액의 발생이 없게 되고, 반응계의 단위 부피당 제오라이트의 생산량이 쉽게 증대되다. 또한, 첨가되는 염의 종류와 첨가량을 조정함으로써 합성 제오라이트의 나트륨 이온의 함량을 조정할 수 있는 다른 이점이 있으며, 제오라이트의 합성시 물을 첨가하지 않으므로 단위 용적당 생산효율이 높게 되어 광물성 폐기물의 제오라이트화를 저 비용으로 생산할 수 있도록 하고, 반응생성물이 열수합성법에 비해 pH가 낮으므로 다른 공정 없이 직접 토양개량제 및 완효성 비료로 이용될 수 있으며 세척 후에 이온교환 및 흡습제로 사용할 수 있도록 하는 이점이 있다.As described above, in the present invention, since the zeolite is synthesized by mixing the alkaline compound and the neutral salt with the mineral waste in the solid state, there is no generation of waste sodium hydroxide solution, and the yield of zeolite per unit volume of the reaction system is easily increased. In addition, there is another advantage that can adjust the content of sodium ions of the synthetic zeolite by adjusting the type and amount of salt added, and since the addition of water is not added during the synthesis of zeolite, the production efficiency per unit volume is high, which leads to zeolite mineralization. It is possible to produce at low cost, and because the reaction product is lower in pH than the hydrothermal synthesis method, it can be used directly as a soil improver and an active fertilizer without other processes, and has the advantage of being used as an ion exchange and an absorbent after washing.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title | 
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| KR10-2000-0024772AKR100375785B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2000-05-03 | Manufacturing method of zeolite | 
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| KR10-2000-0024772AKR100375785B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2000-05-03 | Manufacturing method of zeolite | 
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| KR20010100581A KR20010100581A (en) | 2001-11-14 | 
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| KR10-2000-0024772AExpired - Fee RelatedKR100375785B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2000-05-03 | Manufacturing method of zeolite | 
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| CN104984979B (en)* | 2015-06-23 | 2018-03-20 | 上海环境卫生工程设计院 | A kind of method using chemistry cladding combustion stability flying dust | 
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| JPH06239612A (en)* | 1992-12-21 | 1994-08-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Production of zeolite-based mineral from sewage sludge-incinerated ash | 
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title | 
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| JPS6321215A (en)* | 1986-07-10 | 1988-01-28 | Sankei Kagaku Kk | Production of high silica zeolite | 
| JPH06239612A (en)* | 1992-12-21 | 1994-08-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Production of zeolite-based mineral from sewage sludge-incinerated ash | 
| JPH07291620A (en)* | 1994-04-22 | 1995-11-07 | Mizusawa Ind Chem Ltd | High heat resistant water high silica zeolite and method for producing the same | 
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