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JPWO2017033351A1 - Remote control robot system - Google Patents

Remote control robot system
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JPWO2017033351A1
JPWO2017033351A1JP2017536164AJP2017536164AJPWO2017033351A1JP WO2017033351 A1JPWO2017033351 A1JP WO2017033351A1JP 2017536164 AJP2017536164 AJP 2017536164AJP 2017536164 AJP2017536164 AJP 2017536164AJP WO2017033351 A1JPWO2017033351 A1JP WO2017033351A1
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master
slave arm
master body
control unit
robot system
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JP6826532B2 (en
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康彦 橋本
康彦 橋本
信恭 下村
信恭 下村
毅 前原
毅 前原
掃部 雅幸
雅幸 掃部
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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Abstract

Translated fromJapanese

遠隔操作ロボットシステムは、スレーブアームと、スレーブアームが取り扱う対象物の形状を模したマスタ本体と、マスタ本体の位置及び姿勢に基づくオペレータの操作を受け付ける操作受付装置と、操作受付装置が受け付けた操作に基づいて、マスタ本体と対象物との振る舞いが対応するようにスレーブアームの動作を制御する制御装置とを備える。The remote operation robot system includes a slave arm, a master body that imitates the shape of an object handled by the slave arm, an operation reception device that receives an operator's operation based on the position and orientation of the master body, and an operation that is received by the operation reception device And a control device for controlling the operation of the slave arm so that the behaviors of the master body and the object correspond to each other.

Description

Translated fromJapanese

本発明は、マスタ装置及びスレーブアームを備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステムに関する。  The present invention relates to a remote control robot system including a master device and a slave arm.

従来、マスタ装置(即ち、遠隔操作装置)と、マスタ装置の操作に応じて動作するスレーブアームとを備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステムが知られている。マスタ装置としては、マニピュレータ、操作レバー、操作ボタンなどが利用されることがある。このような遠隔操作ロボットシステムにおいて、マスタ装置としてのマニピュレータの姿勢にスレーブアームの姿勢を従わせるように構成されたものがある。特許文献1では、この種の技術が開示されている。  Conventionally, a remote operation robot system including a master device (that is, a remote operation device) and a slave arm that operates in accordance with the operation of the master device is known. As the master device, a manipulator, an operation lever, an operation button, or the like may be used. In such a remote control robot system, there is one configured so that the posture of a slave arm follows the posture of a manipulator as a master device. Patent Document 1 discloses this type of technology.

特許文献1には、医療用マスタースレーブ式マニュピュレータであって、マスタ装置として携帯型アーム操作部を備えたものが示されている。この携帯型アーム操作部は、オペレータが肩に掛けるベルトが付帯した操作テーブルと、操作テーブルに設けられたディスプレイと、操作テーブルに設けられた複数の小型のマスタアームとを備えている。これらのマスタ操作アームの先端部には、当該マスタアームによって操作される処置具の先端部に設けられた把持鉗子と対応した把持鉗子が装備されている。  Patent Document 1 discloses a medical master-slave manipulator that includes a portable arm operation unit as a master device. The portable arm operation unit includes an operation table with a belt attached to the shoulder of the operator, a display provided on the operation table, and a plurality of small master arms provided on the operation table. The distal end portions of these master operation arms are equipped with grasping forceps corresponding to the grasping forceps provided at the distal end portion of the treatment instrument operated by the master arm.

特開平7−194609号公報JP 7-194609 A

上記特許文献1に記載の技術は医療用マニピュレータに関するものであるが、この技術をハンドリングロボットに適用させた場合、スレーブアームの手先部に装着されたハンドリング用エンドエフェクタ(例えば、ロボットハンドなど)に相当するエンドエフェクタをマスタアームの手先部に装着することに想到できる。  The technique described in Patent Document 1 relates to a medical manipulator. However, when this technique is applied to a handling robot, a handling end effector (for example, a robot hand) attached to a hand portion of a slave arm is used. It can be conceived that a corresponding end effector is attached to the hand portion of the master arm.

しかし、上記のようにマスタアームや、マスタアームの手先部に装着されたロボットハンドを操ったとしても、オペレータにとっては対象物をハンドリングしている感覚に乏しい。そこで、本願の発明者らは、マスタアームや、マスタアームの手先部に装着されたエンドエフェクタではなく、スレーブアームが取り扱う対象物の外形を模した模擬対象物をマスタ装置とすることを考案した。  However, even if the master arm or the robot hand attached to the tip of the master arm is manipulated as described above, the operator has a poor sense of handling the object. Therefore, the inventors of the present application devised that the master device is not a master arm or an end effector attached to the hand of the master arm, but a simulated object that simulates the outer shape of the object handled by the slave arm. .

本発明の一態様に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステムは、
スレーブアームと、
前記スレーブアームが取り扱う対象物の形状を模したマスタ本体と、
前記マスタ本体の位置及び姿勢に基づくオペレータの操作を受け付ける操作受付装置と、
前記操作受付装置が受け付けた操作に基づいて、前記マスタ本体と前記対象物との振る舞いが対応するように前記スレーブアームの動作を制御する制御装置とを備えることを特徴としている。
A remote control robot system according to an aspect of the present invention includes:
Slave arm,
A master body imitating the shape of the object handled by the slave arm;
An operation accepting device for accepting an operator's operation based on the position and orientation of the master body;
And a control device that controls the operation of the slave arm so that the behavior of the master body and the object correspond to each other based on the operation received by the operation receiving device.

上記遠隔操作ロボットシステムでは、オペレータがマスタ本体を動かすことによって、スレーブアームを操作することができる。つまり、オペレータが恰も自身が対象物を取り扱うかのようにマスタ本体を取り扱えば、対象物とマスタ本体との振る舞いが対応するようにスレーブアームが動作する。よって、オペレータはマスタ装置を用いて直感的にスレーブアームを操作することができる。  In the remote operation robot system, the operator can operate the slave arm by moving the master body. In other words, if the operator handles the master body as if he / she handles the object, the slave arm operates so that the behavior of the object and the master body corresponds. Therefore, the operator can intuitively operate the slave arm using the master device.

本発明の遠隔操作ロボットシステムによれば、オペレータがマスタ装置を用いて直感的にスレーブアームを操作することができる。  According to the remote operation robot system of the present invention, the operator can intuitively operate the slave arm using the master device.

本発明の一実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステムが導入された自動車組立ラインの様子を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the mode of the motor vehicle assembly line in which the remote control robot system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention was introduced.第1実施形態に係るマスタ装置を備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a remote control robot system provided with a master device concerning a 1st embodiment.スレーブアームの制御系統の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of a slave arm.第2実施形態に係るマスタ装置を備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the remote control robot system provided with the master apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.第3実施形態に係るマスタ装置を備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the remote control robot system provided with the master apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.第4実施形態に係るマスタ装置のマスタ本体の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the master main body of the master apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

〔遠隔操作ロボットシステム100〕
図1は本発明の一実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100を備えた自動車組立ラインの様子が示す図であり、図2は遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の概略構成を示すブロック図である。図1及び図2に示すように、遠隔操作ロボットシステム100は、マスタースレーブ方式のロボットシステムであって、スレーブアーム1と、マスタ装置20と、入力装置7と、出力装置4と、状況取得装置5と、システム100を包括的に制御する制御ユニット6とを備えている。
[Remote operation robot system 100]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state of an automobile assembly line provided with a remotecontrol robot system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the remotecontrol robot system 100. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a remoteoperation robot system 100 is a master-slave robot system, which includes a slave arm 1, amaster device 20, an input device 7, anoutput device 4, and a status acquisition device. 5 and a control unit 6 that comprehensively controls thesystem 100.

図1には、作業空間内にコンベヤ99によって形成されたワークの搬送ラインと、搬送ラインに沿って設置されたスレーブアーム1と、作業空間から離れた位置(作業空間外)に設置されたマスタ装置20とを備えた自動車組立ラインが示されている。この自動車組立ラインにおいて、スレーブアーム1は、パーツの一例であるシートPを、ワークであるボディWの内部に搬入する作業を行う。以下の説明では、シートPをスレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物と規定する。但し、対象物はシートPに限定されず、スレーブアーム1(より詳細には、スレーブアーム1のエンドエフェクタ12)が取り扱う物に広く適用させることができる。また、本発明に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100は、このような自動車組立ラインに限定されず、各種製造設備において広く適用させることができる。  FIG. 1 shows a workpiece transfer line formed by a conveyor 99 in the work space, a slave arm 1 installed along the transfer line, and a master installed at a position away from the work space (outside the work space). An automobile assembly line with thedevice 20 is shown. In this automobile assembly line, the slave arm 1 performs an operation of carrying a sheet P, which is an example of a part, into a body W, which is a workpiece. In the following description, the sheet P is defined as an object handled by the slave arm 1. However, the object is not limited to the sheet P, and can be widely applied to objects handled by the slave arm 1 (more specifically, theend effector 12 of the slave arm 1). The remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the present invention is not limited to such an automobile assembly line, and can be widely applied to various manufacturing facilities.

本実施形態に係るスレーブアーム1は、自動モード、手動モード、及び、修正自動モードの3つの制御モードを有する。これら複数の制御モードのうち選択された一つで動作が制御されるように、スレーブアーム1の制御モードを切り替えることができる。  The slave arm 1 according to the present embodiment has three control modes: an automatic mode, a manual mode, and a correction automatic mode. The control mode of the slave arm 1 can be switched so that the operation is controlled in one selected from the plurality of control modes.

本明細書では、スレーブアーム1が、予め設定されたタスクプログラムに従って動作する制御モードを「自動モード」と称する。自動モードでは、従来のティーチングプレイバックロボットと同様に、オペレータによるマスタ装置20の操作なしに、スレーブアーム1が所定の作業を自動的に行う。  In this specification, a control mode in which the slave arm 1 operates according to a preset task program is referred to as an “automatic mode”. In the automatic mode, similarly to the conventional teaching playback robot, the slave arm 1 automatically performs a predetermined operation without the operation of themaster device 20 by the operator.

また、本明細書では、スレーブアーム1が、マスタ装置20が受け付けたオペレータの操作に基づいて動作する制御モードを「手動モード」と称する。マスタ装置20は、オペレータがマスタ装置20を直接的に動かすことによって入力した操作を受け付けることができる。なお、手動モードでは、マスタ装置20が受け付けたオペレータの操作や、この操作に基づいて動作しているスレーブアーム1の動きが、自動的に修正されてもよい。  In this specification, the control mode in which the slave arm 1 operates based on the operation of the operator received by themaster device 20 is referred to as “manual mode”. Themaster device 20 can accept an operation input by the operator directly moving themaster device 20. In the manual mode, the operation of the operator received by themaster device 20 and the movement of the slave arm 1 operating based on this operation may be automatically corrected.

また、本明細書では、スレーブアーム1が、マスタ装置20が受け付けたオペレータの操作によって逐次修正されながら予め設定されたタスクプログラムに従って動作する制御モードを「修正自動モード」と称する。修正自動モードでは、予め設定されたタスクプログラムに従って動作しているスレーブアーム1の動きが、マスタ装置20が受け付けたオペレータの操作に基づいて修正される。  In the present specification, a control mode in which the slave arm 1 operates in accordance with a preset task program while being sequentially corrected by an operator's operation received by themaster device 20 is referred to as a “correction automatic mode”. In the correction automatic mode, the movement of the slave arm 1 operating according to a preset task program is corrected based on the operation of the operator received by themaster device 20.

以下、遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の各構成要素について詳細に説明する。  Hereinafter, each component of the remotecontrol robot system 100 will be described in detail.

〔スレーブアーム1〕
図1には、ワークの搬送ラインと平行に離間して設置された2台のスレーブアーム1が示されている。2台のスレーブアーム1はいずれも垂直多関節ロボットであって、エンドエフェクタ12を除いて実質的に同一の構成を有している。なお、マスタ装置20は、1台のスレーブアーム1を操作できるように構成されていてもよいし、2台以上の複数のスレーブアーム1を操作できるように構成されていてもよい。ここでは説明を単純化するために、マスタ装置20は1台のスレーブアーム1を操作できるように構成されているものとする。
[Slave arm 1]
FIG. 1 shows two slave arms 1 that are installed in parallel with the workpiece transfer line. The two slave arms 1 are both vertical articulated robots and have substantially the same configuration except for theend effector 12. Themaster device 20 may be configured to operate one slave arm 1 or may be configured to operate two or more slave arms 1. Here, in order to simplify the description, it is assumed that themaster device 20 is configured so that one slave arm 1 can be operated.

図2に示すように、スレーブアーム1は、複数のリンク11a〜11fの連接体と、これを支持する基台15とから構成された、複数の関節JT1〜JT6を有する多関節ロボットアームである。より詳しくは、第1関節JT1では、基台15と、第1リンク11aの基端部とが、鉛直方向に延びる軸回りに回転可能に連結されている。第2関節JT2では、第1リンク11aの先端部と、第2リンク11bの基端部とが、水平方向に延びる軸回りに回転可能に連結されている。第3関節JT3では、第2リンク11bの先端部と、第3リンク11cの基端部とが、水平方向に延びる軸回りに回転可能に連結されている。第4関節JT4では、第3リンク11cの先端部と、第4リンク11dの基端部とが、第4リンク11dの長手方向に延びる軸回りに回転可能に連結されている。第5関節JT5では、第4リンク11dの先端部と、第5リンク11eの基端部とが、第4リンク11dの長手方向と直交する軸回りに回転可能に連結されている。第6関節JT6では、第5リンク11eの先端部と第6リンク11fの基端部とが、捻れ回転可能に連結されている。そして、第6リンク11fの先端部にはメカニカルインターフェースが設けられている。このメカニカルインターフェースには、作業内容に対応したエンドエフェクタ12(図1、参照)が着脱可能に装着される。  As shown in FIG. 2, the slave arm 1 is an articulated robot arm having a plurality of joints JT1 to JT6, which is composed of a connecting body of a plurality oflinks 11a to 11f and abase 15 that supports the links. . More specifically, in the first joint JT1, thebase 15 and the base end portion of thefirst link 11a are coupled so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vertical direction. In the second joint JT2, the distal end portion of thefirst link 11a and the proximal end portion of thesecond link 11b are coupled to be rotatable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction. In the third joint JT3, the distal end portion of thesecond link 11b and the proximal end portion of thethird link 11c are coupled to be rotatable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction. In the fourth joint JT4, the distal end portion of thethird link 11c and the proximal end portion of thefourth link 11d are coupled so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction of thefourth link 11d. In the fifth joint JT5, the distal end portion of thefourth link 11d and the proximal end portion of thefifth link 11e are coupled so as to be rotatable around an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of thefourth link 11d. In the sixth joint JT6, the distal end portion of thefifth link 11e and the proximal end portion of thesixth link 11f are coupled so as to be able to rotate. A mechanical interface is provided at the tip of thesixth link 11f. An end effector 12 (see FIG. 1) corresponding to the work content is detachably attached to the mechanical interface.

図3はスレーブアーム1の制御系統の構成を示すブロック図である。この図では、モータ制御部16を中心とした具体的な電気的構成が示されている。図3に示すように、スレーブアーム1の各関節JT1〜JT6には、それが連結する2つの部材を相対的に回転させるアクチュエータの一例としての駆動モータM1〜M6が設けられている。駆動モータM1〜M6は、例えば、モータ制御部16によってサーボ制御されるサーボモータである。また、各駆動モータM1〜M6には、その回転位置を検出するための位置センサE1〜E6と、その回転を制御する電流を検出するための電流センサC1〜C6とが設けられている。位置センサE1〜E6は、例えば、エンコーダ、レゾルバ、パルスジェネレータなどの回転位置を検出できるものであればよい。なお、上記の駆動モータM1〜M6、位置センサE1〜E6、及び電流センサC1〜C6の記載では、各関節JT1〜JT6に対応してアルファベットに添え字の1〜6が付されている。以下では、関節JT1〜JT6のうち任意の関節を示す場合には添え字を省いて「JT」と称し、駆動モータM、位置センサE、及び電流センサCについても同様とする。  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system of the slave arm 1. In this figure, a specific electrical configuration centered on themotor control unit 16 is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, each of the joints JT1 to JT6 of the slave arm 1 is provided with drive motors M1 to M6 as an example of an actuator that relatively rotates two members connected to each other. The drive motors M <b> 1 to M <b> 6 are servo motors that are servo-controlled by themotor control unit 16, for example. Each of the drive motors M1 to M6 is provided with position sensors E1 to E6 for detecting the rotational position and current sensors C1 to C6 for detecting a current for controlling the rotation. The position sensors E1 to E6 may be any sensors that can detect the rotational position of an encoder, resolver, pulse generator, or the like. In the description of the drive motors M1 to M6, the position sensors E1 to E6, and the current sensors C1 to C6, subscripts 1 to 6 are added to the alphabets corresponding to the joints JT1 to JT6. In the following, when an arbitrary joint among the joints JT1 to JT6 is indicated, the suffix is omitted and referred to as “JT”, and the same applies to the drive motor M, the position sensor E, and the current sensor C.

駆動モータM、位置センサE、及び電流センサCは、モータ制御部16と電気的に接続されている。本実施形態に係るモータ制御部16は、1台で複数の駆動モータMをサーボ制御できるものであるが、各駆動モータMに対応するモータ制御部が設けられていてもよい。  The drive motor M, the position sensor E, and the current sensor C are electrically connected to themotor control unit 16. Themotor control unit 16 according to the present embodiment can servo-control a plurality of drive motors M by one unit, but a motor control unit corresponding to each drive motor M may be provided.

モータ制御部16では、後述する制御ユニット6(より詳細には、スレーブ制御部61)より取得した位置指令値やサーボゲイン等に基づいて駆動指令値(電流指令値)を生成し、駆動指令値に対応した駆動電流を駆動モータMへ供給する。駆動モータMの出力回転角は位置センサEによって検出され、モータ制御部16へフィードバックされる。但し、モータ制御部16とスレーブ制御部61との機能が、単一の回路又は単一の演算装置によって実現されていてもよい。  Themotor control unit 16 generates a drive command value (current command value) based on a position command value, a servo gain, etc. acquired from the control unit 6 (more specifically, the slave control unit 61) described later, and drives the drive command value. Is supplied to the drive motor M. The output rotation angle of the drive motor M is detected by the position sensor E and fed back to themotor control unit 16. However, the functions of themotor control unit 16 and theslave control unit 61 may be realized by a single circuit or a single arithmetic device.

制御ユニット6(より詳細には、スレーブ制御部61)からモータ制御部16へ位置指令値が入力されると、入力された位置指令値は減算器31bのプラス側の入力に与えられる。この減算器31bのマイナス側の入力には、位置センサEで検出された回転角を表す信号(位置現在値)が与えられる。減算器31bでは、位置指令値から回転角が減算される。減算器31bの出力は係数器31cに与えられ、ここで位置ゲインKpで増幅されてから、減算器31eの+入力に与えられる。この減算器31eの−入力には、位置センサEからの回転角が微分器31dで微分されたものが与えられる。減算器31eの出力は係数器31fに与えられ、ここで速度ゲインKvで増幅されてから、減算器31gの+入力に与えられる。この減算器31gの−入力には、電流センサCからの電流値が与えられる。減算器31gの減算出力が駆動指令値として増幅回路31hへ入力され、増幅された駆動指令値と対応する駆動電流が駆動モータMへ供給される。  When the position command value is input from the control unit 6 (more specifically, the slave control unit 61) to themotor control unit 16, the input position command value is given to the plus side input of the subtractor 31b. A signal representing the rotation angle detected by the position sensor E (current position value) is given to the minus side input of the subtractor 31b. In the subtractor 31b, the rotation angle is subtracted from the position command value. The output of the subtractor 31b is given to thecoefficient unit 31c, where it is amplified by the position gain Kp and then given to the + input of thesubtractor 31e. The minus input of thesubtractor 31e is given by the rotation angle from the position sensor E differentiated by thedifferentiator 31d. The output of thesubtractor 31e is given to thecoefficient unit 31f, where it is amplified by the speed gain Kv and then given to the + input of thesubtractor 31g. The current value from the current sensor C is given to the minus input of thesubtractor 31g. The subtracted output of thesubtractor 31g is input to theamplifier circuit 31h as a drive command value, and the drive current corresponding to the amplified drive command value is supplied to the drive motor M.

〔マスタ装置20〕
マスタ装置20は、オペレータの操作を受け付ける手段である。マスタ装置20は、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物の形状を模したマスタ本体2と、マスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢に基づいてマスタ本体2に与えられた操作を受け付ける操作受付装置3とで構成されている。
[Master device 20]
Themaster device 20 is a means for receiving an operator's operation. Themaster device 20 includes amaster body 2 that imitates the shape of an object handled by the slave arm 1 and anoperation reception device 3 that receives an operation given to themaster body 2 based on the position and orientation of themaster body 2. ing.

マスタ本体2には、振動モータ30が搭載されている。振動モータ30は、例えば、モータと、モータの出力軸に固定された分銅とから構成される。このような振動モータ30では、モータが回転すると分銅の重心不釣り合いのために振動が発生する。振動モータ30で発生した振動は、マスタ本体2に伝達され、マスタ本体2を振動させる。なお、振動モータ30の駆動電力はマスタ本体2に搭載された図示されないバッテリから供給される。  Avibration motor 30 is mounted on themaster body 2. Thevibration motor 30 includes, for example, a motor and a weight fixed to the motor output shaft. In such avibration motor 30, when the motor rotates, vibration is generated due to an imbalance of the center of gravity of the weight. The vibration generated by thevibration motor 30 is transmitted to themaster body 2 and causes themaster body 2 to vibrate. The driving power of thevibration motor 30 is supplied from a battery (not shown) mounted on themaster body 2.

本実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100では、手動モード及び修正自動モードにおいて、スレーブアーム1に保持された対象物(例えば、シートP)がマスタ本体2と対応する振る舞いをするように、スレーブアーム1が動作する。つまり、スレーブアーム1に保持された対象物とマスタ本体2との位置及び姿勢の変化が対応するように(例えば、同じ又は相似となるように)、スレーブアーム1が動作する。マスタ装置20については、後ほど詳細に説明する。  In the remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the present embodiment, the slave arm so that the object (for example, the sheet P) held by the slave arm 1 behaves corresponding to themaster body 2 in the manual mode and the correction automatic mode. 1 works. That is, the slave arm 1 operates so that changes in the position and posture of the object held by the slave arm 1 and themaster body 2 correspond (for example, the same or similar). Themaster device 20 will be described in detail later.

〔入力装置7〕
入力装置7は、マスタ装置20と共に作業空間外に設置され、操作者からの操作指示を受け付け、受け付けた操作指示を制御ユニット6に入力する入力手段である。入力装置7では、スレーブアーム1の位置や姿勢に係る操作以外の操作が入力される。入力装置7には、スレーブアーム1の制御モードを選択するための操作入力具や、非常停止スイッチなど、スレーブアーム1の位置や姿勢を除く操作指令を入力する1以上の操作入力具が設けられている。1以上の操作入力具には、例えば、タッチパネル、キー、レバー、ボタン、スイッチ、ダイヤルなどの既知の操作入力具が含まれていてよい。また、入力装置7として、ペンダントやタブレットなどの携帯端末が用いられてもよい。
[Input device 7]
The input device 7 is an input unit that is installed outside the work space together with themaster device 20, receives an operation instruction from an operator, and inputs the received operation instruction to the control unit 6. In the input device 7, an operation other than the operation related to the position and posture of the slave arm 1 is input. The input device 7 is provided with one or more operation input tools for inputting an operation command excluding the position and posture of the slave arm 1 such as an operation input tool for selecting the control mode of the slave arm 1 and an emergency stop switch. ing. The one or more operation input tools may include known operation input tools such as a touch panel, a key, a lever, a button, a switch, and a dial. Further, as the input device 7, a portable terminal such as a pendant or a tablet may be used.

〔状況取得装置5〕
状況取得装置5は、スレーブアーム1の作業空間内における状況を示す状況情報を取得する手段である。状況情報は、作業空間内におけるスレーブアーム1の位置及び姿勢等、或いはスレーブアーム1を取り巻く周囲の状況を認識するために利用する情報を含む。より具体的には、状況情報は、例えば、作業空間内におけるスレーブアーム1の位置及び姿勢、スレーブアーム1とワークとの位置関係、又はスレーブアーム1と組付部品を組付ける被組付部品との位置関係等、作業空間内においてスレーブアーム1の状況及びスレーブアーム1の周囲の状況を認識可能とするために必要な情報が含まれる。
[Status acquisition device 5]
Thesituation acquisition device 5 is means for acquiring situation information indicating a situation in the work space of the slave arm 1. The situation information includes information used for recognizing the position and posture of the slave arm 1 in the work space or the surrounding situation surrounding the slave arm 1. More specifically, the situation information includes, for example, the position and posture of the slave arm 1 in the work space, the positional relationship between the slave arm 1 and the workpiece, or the assembled part that assembles the slave arm 1 and the assembled part. The information necessary for recognizing the situation of the slave arm 1 and the situation around the slave arm 1 in the work space is included.

状況取得装置5は、例えば、センサ、撮像装置(カメラ)、通信器、エンコーダ等によって実現できる。センサとしては、例えば、組付部品又は被組付部品までの距離又は位置を計測するためのレーザーセンサ、又はレーダーセンサなどが例示できる。更には、複数の撮像装置から得られた画像データを用いてスレーブアーム1からその周囲の物体までの距離を計測するセンサであるステレオカメラなども例示できる。通信器としては、例えば、組付部品又は被組付部品、或いは作業空間内の所定位置に設置されたセンサ及び撮像装置からの情報を取得する通信器等が挙げられる。エンコーダとしては、例えば、スレーブアーム1の移動量又は位置を検知できるエンコーダが例示できる。  Thesituation acquisition device 5 can be realized by, for example, a sensor, an imaging device (camera), a communication device, an encoder, or the like. Examples of the sensor include a laser sensor or a radar sensor for measuring the distance or position to the assembly component or the assembly component. Furthermore, a stereo camera which is a sensor for measuring the distance from the slave arm 1 to the surrounding object using image data obtained from a plurality of imaging devices can be exemplified. Examples of the communication device include an assembly component or a component to be assembled, or a communication device that acquires information from a sensor and an imaging device installed at a predetermined position in a work space. Examples of the encoder include an encoder that can detect the movement amount or position of the slave arm 1.

状況取得装置5は状況情報を逐次取得しており、取得された状況情報は、後述する制御ユニット6に入力され、制御ユニット6においてスレーブアーム1の動作制御に利用される。更には、制御ユニット6は、状況情報を出力装置4において出力させるように制御する構成としてもよい。状況取得装置5は、スレーブアーム1に取り付けられていてもよいし、作業空間内の適切な位置に取り付けられていてもよい。また、取り付けられる状況取得装置5の数は1つであってもよいし複数であってもよい。適切に状況情報を取得できる位置に適切な個数の状況取得装置5が取り付けられていればよく、取り付け位置及び取り付け個数は任意である。  Thesituation acquisition device 5 sequentially acquires situation information, and the obtained situation information is input to a control unit 6 to be described later, and is used for operation control of the slave arm 1 in the control unit 6. Further, the control unit 6 may be configured to control theoutput device 4 to output the status information. Thesituation acquisition device 5 may be attached to the slave arm 1 or may be attached to an appropriate position in the work space. Further, the number ofstatus acquisition devices 5 to be attached may be one or plural. An appropriate number ofsituation acquisition devices 5 need only be attached at positions where situation information can be acquired appropriately, and the attachment position and the number of attachments are arbitrary.

〔出力装置4〕
出力装置4は、制御ユニット6から送信された情報を出力するものである。出力装置4は、マスタ本体2を操作しているオペレータから視認しやすい位置に設置される。出力装置4には、少なくともディスプレイ装置41が含まれており、更に、プリンタやスピーカや警報灯などが含まれていてもよい。ディスプレイ装置41では、制御ユニット6から送信された情報が表示出力される。例えば、スピーカでは、制御ユニット6から送信された情報が音として出力される。また、例えば、プリンタでは、制御ユニット6から送信された情報が紙などの記録媒体に印字出力される。
[Output device 4]
Theoutput device 4 outputs information transmitted from the control unit 6. Theoutput device 4 is installed at a position that can be easily seen by an operator who operates themaster body 2. Theoutput device 4 includes at least adisplay device 41, and may further include a printer, a speaker, a warning light, and the like. In thedisplay device 41, the information transmitted from the control unit 6 is displayed and output. For example, in a speaker, information transmitted from the control unit 6 is output as sound. For example, in a printer, the information transmitted from the control unit 6 is printed out on a recording medium such as paper.

〔記憶装置8〕
記憶装置8には、スレーブアーム1の制御に用いられる各種タスクプログラムが記憶されている。タスクプログラムは、作業ごとの動作フローとして作成されていてよい。タスクプログラムは、例えば、ティーチングにより作成され、スレーブアーム1の識別情報とタスクとに対応付けられて記憶装置8に格納される。なお、記憶装置8は制御ユニット6から独立して記載されているが、制御ユニット6が備える記憶装置が記憶装置8としての機能を担ってもよい。
[Storage device 8]
Thestorage device 8 stores various task programs used for controlling the slave arm 1. The task program may be created as an operation flow for each work. The task program is created by teaching, for example, and stored in thestorage device 8 in association with the identification information of the slave arm 1 and the task. Although thestorage device 8 is described independently of the control unit 6, the storage device included in the control unit 6 may serve as thestorage device 8.

また、記憶装置8には、予め作成された動作シーケンス情報が記憶されている。動作シーケンス情報とは、作業空間内でスレーブアーム1によって実施される一連の作業工程を規定した動作シーケンスに関する情報である。この動作シーケンス情報では、作業工程の動作順と、スレーブアーム1の制御モードとが対応付けられている。また、この動作シーケンス情報では、各作業工程に対しスレーブアーム1にその作業を自動的に実行させるためのタスクプログラムが対応づけられている。但し、動作シーケンス情報が、各作業工程に対しスレーブアーム1にその作業を自動的に作業を実行させるためのプログラムを含んでいてもよい。  Thestorage device 8 stores operation sequence information created in advance. The operation sequence information is information relating to an operation sequence that defines a series of work steps performed by the slave arm 1 in the work space. In the operation sequence information, the operation order of the work process is associated with the control mode of the slave arm 1. Further, in this operation sequence information, a task program for causing the slave arm 1 to automatically execute the work is associated with each work process. However, the operation sequence information may include a program for causing the slave arm 1 to automatically perform the work for each work process.

〔制御ユニット6〕
図2に示すように、制御ユニット6には、スレーブアーム1と、マスタ装置20と、出力装置4と、状況取得装置5と、入力装置7と、記憶装置8とが有線又は無線で通信可能に接続されている。
[Control unit 6]
As shown in FIG. 2, the slave unit 1, themaster device 20, theoutput device 4, thestatus acquisition device 5, the input device 7, and thestorage device 8 can communicate with the control unit 6 by wire or wirelessly. It is connected to the.

制御ユニット6は、いわゆるコンピュータであって、CPU等の演算処理部と、ROM、RAM等の記憶部を有している(いずれも図示せず)。記憶部には、制御ユニット6が実行する制御プログラムや、各種固定データ等が記憶されている。演算処理部は、例えば、入力装置7、出力装置4、記憶装置8などの外部装置とデータの送受信を行う。また、演算処理部は、各種センサからの検出信号の入力や各制御対象への制御信号の出力を行う。制御ユニット6では、記憶部に記憶されたプログラム等のソフトウェアを演算処理部が読み出して実行することにより、システム100の各種動作を制御するための処理が行われる。なお、制御ユニット6は単一のコンピュータによる集中制御により各処理を実行してもよいし、複数のコンピュータの協働による分散制御により各処理を実行してもよい。また、制御ユニット6は、マイクロコントローラ、プログラマブルロジックコントローラ(PLC)等から構成されていてもよい。  The control unit 6 is a so-called computer, and includes an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU and a storage unit such as a ROM and a RAM (none of which are shown). The storage unit stores a control program executed by the control unit 6, various fixed data, and the like. The arithmetic processing unit transmits / receives data to / from external devices such as the input device 7, theoutput device 4, and thestorage device 8. The arithmetic processing unit inputs detection signals from various sensors and outputs control signals to each control target. In the control unit 6, processing for controlling various operations of thesystem 100 is performed by the arithmetic processing unit reading and executing software such as a program stored in the storage unit. The control unit 6 may execute each process by centralized control by a single computer, or may execute each process by distributed control by cooperation of a plurality of computers. Moreover, the control unit 6 may be comprised from the microcontroller, the programmable logic controller (PLC), etc.

制御ユニット6は、機能ブロックとして、ホスト制御部60と、スレーブ制御部61と、マスタ装置20の動作を制御するマスタ制御部62と、受信部63と、出力制御部64と、修正部65と、外力検出部66と、振動制御部67とを備えている。図2では、これらの機能ブロックが1つの制御ユニット6にまとめて示されているが、各機能ブロック又は複数の機能ブロックの組み合わせが独立した1以上のコンピュータによって実現されていてもよい。この場合、これらの機能ブロックのうち一部が作業空間に配置され、残部が作業外空間に配置されていてもよい。  The control unit 6 includes, as functional blocks, ahost control unit 60, aslave control unit 61, amaster control unit 62 that controls the operation of themaster device 20, areception unit 63, anoutput control unit 64, and acorrection unit 65. The externalforce detection unit 66 and thevibration control unit 67 are provided. In FIG. 2, these functional blocks are collectively shown in one control unit 6, but each functional block or a combination of a plurality of functional blocks may be realized by one or more independent computers. In this case, some of these functional blocks may be arranged in the work space, and the remaining part may be arranged in the outside work space.

スレーブ制御部61は、スレーブアーム1の動作を制御する。スレーブ制御部61は、自動モードのときは、記憶装置8に記憶されたタスクプログラムを読み出してこのタスクプログラムに従って位置指令値を生成し、位置指令値やサーボゲイン等をスレーブアーム1のモータ制御部16へ与える。また、スレーブ制御部61は、手動モードのときは、マスタ装置20が受け付け、受信部63で受信した操作情報に基づいて位置指令値を生成し、位置指令値やサーボゲイン等をスレーブアーム1のモータ制御部16へ与える。また、スレーブ制御部61は、修正自動モードのときは、記憶装置8に記憶されたタスクプログラムを読み出してこのタスクプログラムと修正部65から取得した修正指令値とに基づいて位置指令値(又は修正された位置指令値)を生成し、位置指令値やサーボゲイン等をモータ制御部16へ与える(図3、参照)。なお、修正自動モードのときに、修正部65から修正指令値が与えられなければ、修正指令値はゼロとして演算される。  Theslave control unit 61 controls the operation of the slave arm 1. In the automatic mode, theslave control unit 61 reads out the task program stored in thestorage device 8 and generates a position command value according to the task program, and the position control value, servo gain, etc. are transmitted to the motor control unit of the slave arm 1. Give to 16. Further, theslave control unit 61 generates a position command value based on the operation information received by themaster unit 20 and received by the receivingunit 63 in the manual mode, and the position command value, the servo gain, and the like are stored in the slave arm 1. This is given to themotor control unit 16. In the correction automatic mode, theslave control unit 61 reads out the task program stored in thestorage device 8, and based on this task program and the correction command value acquired from thecorrection unit 65, the position command value (or correction) Position command value) is generated, and the position command value, servo gain, and the like are given to the motor control unit 16 (see FIG. 3). If the correction command value is not given from thecorrection unit 65 in the correction automatic mode, the correction command value is calculated as zero.

受信部63は、制御ユニット6の外部から送信された入力信号を受信する。受信部63によって受信する入力信号として、例えば、マスタ装置20から送信された信号、入力装置7から送信された信号、状況取得装置5から送信された状況情報を示す信号等が挙げられる。  The receivingunit 63 receives an input signal transmitted from the outside of the control unit 6. Examples of the input signal received by the receivingunit 63 include a signal transmitted from themaster device 20, a signal transmitted from the input device 7, and a signal indicating status information transmitted from thestatus acquisition device 5.

出力制御部64は、出力装置4を制御し、オペレータに通知される情報を出力装置4へ出力する。例えば、出力装置4は、動作シーケンスのうち選択部分を開始するときに、対象となるスレーブアーム1を識別する情報と、スレーブアーム1の制御モードの選択の入力を促す情報とをディスプレイ装置41に出力する。また、例えば、出力装置4は、スレーブアーム1の制御モードが手動モード及び修正自動モードのときに、マスタ装置20に操作されるスレーブアーム1の状況情報や動作状況をディスプレイ装置41に出力する。また、例えば、出力装置4は、システム100に不具合が発生したときにスピーカやディスプレイ装置41に警報を出力する。  Theoutput control unit 64 controls theoutput device 4 and outputs information notified to the operator to theoutput device 4. For example, when theoutput device 4 starts a selected portion of the operation sequence, thedisplay device 41 receives information for identifying the target slave arm 1 and information for prompting input of the control mode of the slave arm 1. Output. For example, theoutput device 4 outputs the status information and the operation status of the slave arm 1 operated by themaster device 20 to thedisplay device 41 when the control mode of the slave arm 1 is the manual mode and the correction automatic mode. Further, for example, theoutput device 4 outputs an alarm to the speaker or thedisplay device 41 when a problem occurs in thesystem 100.

修正部65は、スレーブアーム1の制御モードが修正自動モードであるときに、マスタ装置20が受け付けた操作に基づいて、スレーブアーム1の動きを修正する。例えば、オペレータがマスタ本体2を動かすことによりマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢が変化すると、マスタ装置20はこの位置及び姿勢の変位を修正指示として受け付け、制御ユニット6へ入力する。スレーブアーム1の制御モードが修正自動モードであるときに、受信部63が修正指示信号を受信すると、修正部65が修正指示信号に基づいて修正指令値を生成する。修正指示信号から修正指令値を求める演算式又はマップは予め記憶されている。このような修正指令値は、例えば、マスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢の変化量に比例した値であってよい。生成された修正指令値はスレーブ制御部61へ伝達され、スレーブ制御部61から修正された位置指令値がモータ制御部16へ出力される(図3、参照)。  Thecorrection unit 65 corrects the movement of the slave arm 1 based on the operation received by themaster device 20 when the control mode of the slave arm 1 is the correction automatic mode. For example, when the position and orientation of themaster body 2 change as the operator moves themaster body 2, themaster device 20 accepts the displacement of the position and orientation as a correction instruction and inputs it to the control unit 6. When the receivingunit 63 receives a correction instruction signal when the control mode of the slave arm 1 is the correction automatic mode, thecorrection unit 65 generates a correction command value based on the correction instruction signal. An arithmetic expression or map for obtaining a correction command value from the correction instruction signal is stored in advance. Such a correction command value may be a value proportional to the amount of change in the position and orientation of themaster body 2, for example. The generated correction command value is transmitted to theslave control unit 61, and the corrected position command value is output from theslave control unit 61 to the motor control unit 16 (see FIG. 3).

外力検出部66は、スレーブアーム1の制御モードが手動モード及び修正自動モードのときに、スレーブアーム1が環境から受けた外力を検出する。本実施形態に係る外力検出部66では、マスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢の変位と、これに対応するスレーブアーム1の位置及び姿勢の変位との誤差を、スレーブアーム1が環境から受けた外力として検出する。なお、マスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢の変位は、操作受付装置3から取得した情報に基づいて求めることができる。また、スレーブアーム1の位置及び姿勢の変位は、制御ユニット6又はモータ制御部16が位置センサEから取得した各関節JTの回転位置に基づいて求めることができる。外力検出部66は求めた外力を振動制御部67へ与える。  Theexternal force detector 66 detects an external force received from the environment by the slave arm 1 when the control mode of the slave arm 1 is the manual mode and the correction automatic mode. In the externalforce detection unit 66 according to the present embodiment, an error between the displacement of the position and posture of the mastermain body 2 and the displacement of the position and posture of the slave arm 1 corresponding thereto is regarded as an external force that the slave arm 1 receives from the environment. To detect. Note that the displacement of the position and orientation of themaster body 2 can be obtained based on information acquired from theoperation reception device 3. Further, the displacement of the position and posture of the slave arm 1 can be obtained based on the rotational position of each joint JT acquired from the position sensor E by the control unit 6 or themotor control unit 16. Theexternal force detector 66 gives the obtained external force to thevibration controller 67.

振動制御部67は、外力検出部66は求めた外力に基づいて、マスタ本体2に搭載された振動モータ30を動作させるように、振動モータ30へ駆動信号を出力する。振動モータ30への駆動信号は、本実施形態では操作受付装置3を介してマスタ本体2へ出力されるが、制御ユニット6から無線でマスタ本体2へ出力されてもよい。  Thevibration control unit 67 outputs a drive signal to thevibration motor 30 so that thevibration motor 30 mounted on themaster body 2 is operated based on the external force obtained by the externalforce detection unit 66. In the present embodiment, the drive signal to thevibration motor 30 is output to the mastermain body 2 via theoperation accepting device 3, but may be output from the control unit 6 to the mastermain body 2 wirelessly.

振動制御部67は、外力が所定の閾値以下であれば、振動モータ30を振動させない。つまり、振動制御部67は外力が所定の閾値以下であれば、振動モータ30へ駆動信号を出力しない。また、振動制御部67は、外力が所定の閾値を超えれば、外力の大きさに比例した回転数で振動モータ30を振動させるように、振動モータ30(即ち、マスタ本体2)へ駆動信号を出力する。振動モータ30の回転数が上がれば、振幅が大きくなり、マスタ本体2をより大きく振動させることが可能となる。これにより、マスタ本体2を取り扱うオペレータは、スレーブアーム1が環境から受けた外力の有無及びその大きさをマスタ本体2の振動によって知覚することができる。  Thevibration control unit 67 does not vibrate thevibration motor 30 if the external force is equal to or less than the predetermined threshold. That is, thevibration control unit 67 does not output a drive signal to thevibration motor 30 if the external force is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value. Thevibration control unit 67 sends a drive signal to the vibration motor 30 (that is, the master main body 2) so as to vibrate thevibration motor 30 at a rotational speed proportional to the magnitude of the external force when the external force exceeds a predetermined threshold. Output. If the number of rotations of thevibration motor 30 increases, the amplitude increases and themaster body 2 can be vibrated more greatly. Thereby, the operator who handles the mastermain body 2 can perceive the presence or absence and the magnitude of the external force received by the slave arm 1 from the environment by the vibration of the mastermain body 2.

ホスト制御部60は、記憶装置8に記憶された動作シーケンス情報を読み出し、この動作シーケンス情報に沿ってスレーブアーム1、マスタ装置20、出力装置4、及び状況取得装置5が動作するように、スレーブ制御部61、マスタ制御部62、出力制御部64、修正部65、外力検出部66、及び振動制御部67に指令を出力する。  Thehost control unit 60 reads the operation sequence information stored in thestorage device 8, and the slave arm 1, themaster device 20, theoutput device 4, and thesituation acquisition device 5 operate according to the operation sequence information. Commands are output to thecontrol unit 61,master control unit 62,output control unit 64,correction unit 65, externalforce detection unit 66, andvibration control unit 67.

〔遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の動作〕
続いて、上記構成の遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の動作の一例を説明する。ここでは、遠隔操作ロボットシステム100を自動車組立ラインに構築し、スレーブアーム1に自動車のボディにシートを取り付ける作業を行わせる事例に当てはめて、システム100の動作の流れを説明する。但し、本発明に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100は、このような自動車組立ラインに限定されず、各種製造設備において広く適用させることができる。
[Operation of remote control robot system 100]
Next, an example of the operation of the remoteoperation robot system 100 configured as described above will be described. Here, the flow of the operation of thesystem 100 will be described with reference to an example in which the remoteoperation robot system 100 is constructed in an automobile assembly line and the slave arm 1 performs an operation of attaching a seat to the body of the automobile. However, the remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the present invention is not limited to such an automobile assembly line, and can be widely applied to various manufacturing facilities.

記憶装置8に記憶された自動車のボディへのシート取付作業の動作シーケンス情報は、コンテナからシートを取り出す部品取出タスクT1、シートをボディの取付位置近傍まで搬送する部品搬送タスクT2、及び、取付位置近傍にあるシートを取付位置へ取り付ける部品取付タスクT3からなり、これらのタスクT1〜T3をこの順に繰り返し実行する。この動作シーケンスのうち、部品取出タスクT1及び部品搬送タスクT2は、スレーブアーム1が自動モードで動作する「自動部分」である。動作シーケンスのうち自動部分には、制御モードとして自動モードが対応付けられている。また、動作シーケンスのうち、部品取付タスクT3は、スレーブアーム1が自動モード、手動モード、及び、修正自動モードから選択された制御モードで動作する「選択部分」である。動作シーケンスのうち選択部分には特定の制御モードは対応付けられておらず、制御モードが選択可能となっている。  The operation sequence information of the sheet attachment work to the body of the automobile stored in thestorage device 8 includes a component take-out task T1 for taking out the sheet from the container, a component conveyance task T2 for conveying the sheet to the vicinity of the attachment position of the body, and the attachment position. It consists of a component attachment task T3 for attaching a nearby seat to the attachment position, and these tasks T1 to T3 are repeatedly executed in this order. In this operation sequence, the component take-out task T1 and the component transfer task T2 are “automatic portions” in which the slave arm 1 operates in the automatic mode. The automatic part of the operation sequence is associated with the automatic mode as the control mode. In the operation sequence, the component attachment task T3 is a “selected portion” in which the slave arm 1 operates in the control mode selected from the automatic mode, the manual mode, and the correction automatic mode. A specific control mode is not associated with the selected portion of the operation sequence, and the control mode can be selected.

初めに、制御ユニット6は、記憶装置8に記憶された所定の動作シーケンス情報を読み出し、この動作シーケンス情報に沿ってシステム100の制御を開始する。  First, the control unit 6 reads predetermined operation sequence information stored in thestorage device 8, and starts control of thesystem 100 along the operation sequence information.

前述の自動車のボディへのシート取付作業の動作シーケンスの例に従えば、先ず、制御ユニット6は、記憶装置8から部品取出タスクT1のタスクプログラムを読み出して実行する。次いで、制御ユニット6は、部品搬送タスクT2のタスクプログラムを読み出して実行する。部品取出タスクT1及び部品搬送タスクT2では、制御ユニット6は自動モードでスレーブアーム1の動作を制御する。  According to the example of the operation sequence of the seat attachment work to the body of the automobile described above, first, the control unit 6 reads the task program of the component extraction task T1 from thestorage device 8 and executes it. Next, the control unit 6 reads and executes the task program for the component transport task T2. In the component take-out task T1 and the component transfer task T2, the control unit 6 controls the operation of the slave arm 1 in the automatic mode.

部品搬送タスクT2が終了すると、制御ユニット6は、次の部品取付タスクT3の制御モードの選択をオペレータに促すための選択画面をディスプレイ装置41に表示させる。併せて、制御ユニット6は、制御モードが選択されようとしているスレーブアーム1の状況情報をディスプレイ装置41に出力させる。ここで、ディスプレイ装置41に表示出力される状況情報に、映されているスレーブアーム1の識別情報や、次に行うプロセスの内容などが含まれていてもよい。  When the component transport task T2 is completed, the control unit 6 causes thedisplay device 41 to display a selection screen for prompting the operator to select a control mode for the next component mounting task T3. At the same time, the control unit 6 causes thedisplay device 41 to output the status information of the slave arm 1 whose control mode is about to be selected. Here, the status information displayed and output on thedisplay device 41 may include the identification information of the slave arm 1 shown, the contents of the next process to be performed, and the like.

オペレータは、ディスプレイ装置41に表示されたスレーブアーム1の状況情報を視認して、3つの制御モードのうち1つを選択する。オペレータによる制御モードの選択は、マスタ装置20又は入力装置7によって受け付けられ、制御ユニット6へ入力される。  The operator visually recognizes the status information of the slave arm 1 displayed on thedisplay device 41 and selects one of the three control modes. The selection of the control mode by the operator is accepted by themaster device 20 or the input device 7 and input to the control unit 6.

上記において、自動モードが選択されると、制御ユニット6は、記憶装置8から部品取付タスクT3のタスクプログラムを読み出して、自動モードでスレーブアーム1の動作を制御する。また、手動モードが選択されると、制御ユニット6は手動モードでスレーブアーム1の動作を制御する。或いは、修正自動モードが選択されると、制御ユニット6は修正自動モードでスレーブアーム1の動作を制御する。  In the above, when the automatic mode is selected, the control unit 6 reads the task program of the component attachment task T3 from thestorage device 8, and controls the operation of the slave arm 1 in the automatic mode. When the manual mode is selected, the control unit 6 controls the operation of the slave arm 1 in the manual mode. Alternatively, when the correction automatic mode is selected, the control unit 6 controls the operation of the slave arm 1 in the correction automatic mode.

上記において、手動モード及び修正自動モードのうちいずれかが選択されると、制御ユニット6は、そのプロセスに亘ってスレーブアーム1の状況情報をディスプレイ装置41に表示出力させる。以上説明したように、制御ユニット6は動作シーケンスに沿って作業工程を順次進行させる。  In the above, when either the manual mode or the correction automatic mode is selected, the control unit 6 causes thedisplay device 41 to display and output the status information of the slave arm 1 over the process. As described above, the control unit 6 sequentially advances the work process along the operation sequence.

以下、マスタ装置20の第1〜第4実施形態について説明する。各実施形態においては、マスタ装置20を除いて遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の余の構成は実質的に同一である。また、各実施形態においてマスタ装置20の構成は一部共通する。そこで、以下の説明では、同一又は類似の部材には図面に同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を省略することとする。  Hereinafter, the first to fourth embodiments of themaster device 20 will be described. In each embodiment, except for themaster device 20, the remaining configuration of the remotecontrol robot system 100 is substantially the same. In each embodiment, a part of the configuration of themaster device 20 is common. Therefore, in the following description, the same or similar members will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and redundant description will be omitted.

〔第1実施形態〕
図2は、第1実施形態に係るマスタ装置20(20A)を備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の概略構成を示すブロック図である。図2に示すように、マスタ装置20Aは、マスタ本体2Aと操作受付装置3Aとを備えている。
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the remotecontrol robot system 100 including the master device 20 (20A) according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, themaster device 20A includes a mastermain body 2A and anoperation receiving device 3A.

本実施形態において、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物は自動車のシートP(図1、参照)である。そこで、マスタ本体2は、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物、即ち、シートPの外形を模した形状を呈している。なお、マスタ本体2の外形は対象物と同一形状に限定されず、対象物と相似形状であってもよい。例えば、オペレータが操りやすいように、マスタ本体2の外形は、対象物よりも小型で且つ対象物と相似形状であってもよい。  In the present embodiment, the object handled by the slave arm 1 is an automobile seat P (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the mastermain body 2 has a shape imitating the object handled by the slave arm 1, that is, the outer shape of the sheet P. Note that the outer shape of themaster body 2 is not limited to the same shape as the target object, and may be similar to the target object. For example, the outer shape of the mastermain body 2 may be smaller than the object and similar to the object so that the operator can easily operate it.

マスタ本体2は、その外形がスレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物の外形と対応していれば、内部構造や材料などは対象物と対応していなくともよい。例えば、マスタ本体2は、発泡樹脂成形物、或いは、中空の樹脂成形物であってよい。このようなマスタ本体2は、例え大型であっても、オペレータが容易に操ることができる程度に十分に軽量である。但し、マスタ本体2として、対象物と同一物を用いることは妨げられない。対象物と同一物をマスタ本体2として用いれば、マスタ本体2を設計したり製造したりするコストや工数を省くことができる。  As long as the outer shape of the mastermain body 2 corresponds to the outer shape of the object handled by the slave arm 1, the internal structure or material may not correspond to the object. For example, themaster body 2 may be a foamed resin molded product or a hollow resin molded product. Such amaster body 2 is light enough to be easily manipulated by an operator, even if it is large. However, it is not hindered to use the same object as the object as themaster body 2. If the same object as the object is used as themaster body 2, the cost and man-hour for designing and manufacturing themaster body 2 can be saved.

更に、マスタ本体2には、オペレータが対象物(シートP)を両手で取り扱う際の持ち位置と対応する位置に、一対の持手部27が設けられている。各持手部27は、例えば、ハンドルなどのオペレータが握りやすい形状部分を有している。  Further, the mastermain body 2 is provided with a pair ofhandle portions 27 at positions corresponding to the holding positions when the operator handles the object (sheet P) with both hands. Eachhandle portion 27 has a shape portion such as a handle that is easy for an operator to grip.

持手部27のうち少なくとも一方には、オンオフスイッチ36が設けられている。このようにオンオフスイッチ36が持手部27に設けられることによって、オペレータは持手部27を握りながらオンオフスイッチ36を操作することができる。但し、オンオフスイッチ36は、オペレータの足元に設けられたフットスイッチであってもよい。オンオフスイッチ36のオン/オフ信号は操作受付装置3へ出力される。操作受付装置3は、オンオフスイッチ36がオンであるときにマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢に基づいてマスタ本体2に与えられた操作指令を受け付ける。  At least one of thehandle portions 27 is provided with an on / offswitch 36. By providing the on / offswitch 36 in thehandle portion 27 in this manner, the operator can operate the on / offswitch 36 while holding thehandle portion 27. However, the on / offswitch 36 may be a foot switch provided at the foot of the operator. An on / off signal of the on / offswitch 36 is output to theoperation reception device 3. Theoperation accepting device 3 accepts an operation command given to the mastermain body 2 based on the position and orientation of the mastermain body 2 when the on / offswitch 36 is on.

また、操作受付装置3Aは、モーションセンサユニット28と、可動側の通信部29と、固定側の通信部32と、演算部33とを備えている。このうち、モーションセンサユニット28及び可動側の通信部29は、マスタ本体2Aに搭載されている。  Theoperation reception device 3 </ b> A includes amotion sensor unit 28, amovable communication unit 29, a fixedcommunication unit 32, and acalculation unit 33. Among them, themotion sensor unit 28 and themovable communication unit 29 are mounted on the mastermain body 2A.

モーションセンサユニット28には、少なくとも加速度センサと角速度センサとが含まれている。なお、モーションセンサユニット28は公知であり、その具体的構造に関する説明は省略する。可動側の通信部29は、モーションセンサユニット28が搭載する各センサで検出された検出データを無線で固定側の通信部32へ送信出力する。また、可動側の通信部29は、オンオフスイッチ36のオン/オフ信号を無線で固定側の通信部32へ送信出力する。更に、可動側の通信部29は、振動モータ30の駆動信号を無線で固定側の通信部32から受信する。  Themotion sensor unit 28 includes at least an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor. Note that themotion sensor unit 28 is well known, and a description of its specific structure is omitted. The movableside communication unit 29 wirelessly transmits the detection data detected by each sensor mounted on themotion sensor unit 28 to the fixedside communication unit 32. The movableside communication unit 29 wirelessly transmits an on / off signal of the on / offswitch 36 to the fixedside communication unit 32. Further, the movableside communication unit 29 wirelessly receives the drive signal of thevibration motor 30 from the fixedside communication unit 32.

固定側の通信部32は、制御ユニット6から受けた振動モータ30の駆動信号を出力する。また、固定側の通信部32は、可動側の通信部29から出力されたモーションセンサユニット28の検出情報やオンオフスイッチ36のオン/オフ信号を受信する。演算部33は、通信部32が受信した情報に基づいてマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢を求める。なお、モーションセンサユニット28で検出された加速度情報と角速度情報に基づいて移動物体(即ち、マスタ本体2)の位置及び姿勢を求める手法は公知であるので、演算部33での演算処理の内容に係る詳細な説明は省略する。操作受付装置3Aは制御ユニット6と通信可能に接続されており、操作受付装置3Aは求めたマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢に基づく操作情報を制御ユニット6へ入力する。  The fixed-side communication unit 32 outputs a drive signal for thevibration motor 30 received from the control unit 6. The fixed-side communication unit 32 receives the detection information of themotion sensor unit 28 and the on / off signal of the on / offswitch 36 output from the movable-side communication unit 29. Thecalculation unit 33 obtains the position and orientation of themaster body 2 based on the information received by thecommunication unit 32. Since a technique for obtaining the position and orientation of the moving object (that is, the master main body 2) based on the acceleration information and the angular velocity information detected by themotion sensor unit 28 is well known, Such detailed description is omitted. Theoperation reception device 3A is communicably connected to the control unit 6. Theoperation reception device 3A inputs operation information based on the obtained position and orientation of themaster body 2 to the control unit 6.

以上説明した通り、本実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100は、スレーブアーム1と、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物の形状を模したマスタ本体2と、マスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢に基づくオペレータの操作を受け付ける操作受付装置3と、操作受付装置3が受け付けた操作に基づいて、マスタ本体2と対象物との振る舞いが対応するようにスレーブアーム1の動作を制御する制御ユニット6(詳細には、スレーブ制御部61)とを備えている。  As described above, the remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the present embodiment includes the slave arm 1, themaster body 2 imitating the shape of the object handled by the slave arm 1, and the operator based on the position and posture of themaster body 2. Anoperation accepting device 3 that accepts an operation, and a control unit 6 that controls the operation of the slave arm 1 based on the operation accepted by theoperation accepting device 3 so that the behaviors of themaster body 2 and the object correspond (specifically, Slave controller 61).

上記構成の遠隔操作ロボットシステム100によれば、オペレータが対象物の形状を模したマスタ本体2を動かすことによって、スレーブアーム1を操作することができる。つまり、オペレータが恰も自身が対象物を取り扱うかのようにマスタ本体2を取り扱えば、対象物とマスタ本体2との振る舞いが対応するようにスレーブアーム1が動作する。例えば、オペレータがシートPを模したマスタ本体2を、恰も自動車のボディW内に配置するように動かせば、スレーブアーム1に保持されたシートPが自動車のボディW内に配置されるようにスレーブアーム1が動作する。よって、オペレータはマスタ装置20を用いて直感的にスレーブアーム1を操作することができる。  According to the remotecontrol robot system 100 configured as described above, the slave arm 1 can be operated by moving the mastermain body 2 imitating the shape of the object by the operator. That is, if the operator handles themaster body 2 as if he / she handles the object, the slave arm 1 operates so that the behavior of the object and themaster body 2 corresponds. For example, if the operator moves themaster body 2 simulating the seat P so as to be disposed in the body W of the automobile, the slave is configured so that the seat P held by the slave arm 1 is disposed in the body W of the automobile. Arm 1 operates. Therefore, the operator can intuitively operate the slave arm 1 using themaster device 20.

特に、本実施形態に係る操作受付装置3Aは、マスタ本体2Aに搭載されたモーションセンサユニット28と、モーションセンサユニット28で検出された情報に基づいてマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢を求める演算部33とを有している。  In particular, theoperation reception device 3A according to the present embodiment includes amotion sensor unit 28 mounted on themaster body 2A, and acalculation unit 33 that obtains the position and orientation of themaster body 2 based on information detected by themotion sensor unit 28. And have.

このようにマスタ装置20Aの操作受付装置3Aはモーションセンサの技術を利用したものであるので、マスタ本体2Aは固定されず、可搬性を有する。そして、オペレータは、通信部29,32が通信可能なエリア内で、マスタ本体2Aを移動させて、マスタ本体2Aを操ることができる。  Thus, since theoperation reception device 3A of themaster device 20A uses the technology of the motion sensor, themaster body 2A is not fixed and has portability. Then, the operator can operate themaster body 2A by moving themaster body 2A within an area where thecommunication units 29 and 32 can communicate.

また、上記実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100では、マスタ本体2に、オペレータがスレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物を両手で取り扱う際の持ち位置と対応する位置に一対の持手部27が設けられている。  In the remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the above embodiment, the mastermain body 2 is provided with a pair ofhandle portions 27 at positions corresponding to the holding positions when the operator handles the object handled by the slave arm 1 with both hands. ing.

これにより、オペレータは、これらの持手部27を握って安定してマスタ本体2を操ることができる。  Thus, the operator can stably operate the mastermain body 2 by grasping thesehandle portions 27.

また、上記実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100は、マスタ本体2に搭載された振動モータ30と、スレーブアーム1が環境から受けた外力を検出する外力検出部66(外力検出装置)と、外力検出部66で検出された外力がマスタ本体2の振動としてオペレータに提示されるように、振動モータ30を動作させる振動制御部67(振動制御装置)とを更に備えている。ここで、振動制御部67は、外力検出部66で検出された外力の大きさに比例した回転数で振動モータ30を動作させている。  The remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the embodiment includes thevibration motor 30 mounted on themaster body 2, the external force detection unit 66 (external force detection device) that detects the external force received from the environment by the slave arm 1, the external force A vibration control unit 67 (vibration control device) that operates thevibration motor 30 is further provided so that the external force detected by thedetection unit 66 is presented to the operator as vibration of themaster body 2. Here, thevibration control unit 67 operates thevibration motor 30 at a rotational speed proportional to the magnitude of the external force detected by the externalforce detection unit 66.

このように、外力検出部66で検出された外力及びその大きさがマスタ本体2の振動としてオペレータに提示されることによって、振動を知覚したオペレータはマスタ本体2の移動を減速するなどの対応を採ることができる。  As described above, the external force detected by the externalforce detection unit 66 and the magnitude thereof are presented to the operator as vibration of themaster body 2, so that the operator who perceives the vibration can take measures such as decelerating the movement of themaster body 2. Can be taken.

また、上記実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100は、タスクプログラムを記憶した記憶装置8を更に備えている。そして、スレーブアーム1は、予め記憶されたタスクプログラムに基づいて動作する自動モードと、操作受付装置3が受け付けたオペレータの操作に基づいて動作する手動モードと、操作受付装置3が受け付けたオペレータの操作によって逐次修正されながらタスクプログラムに基づいて動作する修正自動モードとの複数の制御モードを有し、制御ユニット6(詳細には、スレーブ制御部61)は、複数の制御モードのなかから選択された一つでスレーブアーム1を動作させる。  In addition, the remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the embodiment further includes astorage device 8 that stores a task program. The slave arm 1 includes an automatic mode that operates based on a task program stored in advance, a manual mode that operates based on an operator's operation received by theoperation reception device 3, and an operator's operation received by theoperation reception device 3. The control unit 6 (specifically, the slave control unit 61) is selected from a plurality of control modes. One slave arm 1 is operated.

これによれば、オペレータは、作業内容やスレーブアーム1の状況に応じて自動モードと手動モードと修正自動モードとから、スレーブアーム1の制御モードを選択することができる。制御モードの選択はオペレータの判断で行うことが可能である。例えば、脆弱な部品を把持、精密な嵌め合い、正確な位置決めや軸合わせなどの作業は、スレーブアーム1の動きにオペレータの操作を反映させることのできる手動モード又は修正自動モードで行われることが好適である。このような作業において、例えば、スレーブアーム1を完全に自動で動作させると不具合の発生が予想されるような場合には、修正自動モードが選択されるとよい。修正自動モードでは、スレーブアーム1の自動的な動作を基調としつつ、オペレータの操作でその動作を修正することができるので、手動モードと比較してオペレータの負荷は小さく、且つ、作業効率の低下を抑えることができる。このように、本システム100によれば、オペレータが作業ごとに複数の制御モードのなかから状況に応じた適切な制御モードを選択することによって、止まらないロボットシステムを実現することができる。  According to this, the operator can select the control mode of the slave arm 1 from the automatic mode, the manual mode, and the correction automatic mode according to the work content and the status of the slave arm 1. The control mode can be selected at the operator's discretion. For example, operations such as gripping fragile parts, precise fitting, accurate positioning, and axis alignment may be performed in a manual mode or a correction automatic mode in which the operation of the operator can be reflected in the movement of the slave arm 1. Is preferred. In such an operation, for example, when a malfunction is expected when the slave arm 1 is operated completely automatically, the correction automatic mode may be selected. In the correction automatic mode, the operation of the slave arm 1 is based on the automatic operation, and the operation can be corrected by the operator's operation. Therefore, the load on the operator is small compared with the manual mode, and the work efficiency is lowered. Can be suppressed. Thus, according to thepresent system 100, a robot system that does not stop can be realized by the operator selecting an appropriate control mode according to the situation from a plurality of control modes for each work.

〔第2実施形態〕
図4は、第2実施形態に係るマスタ装置20(20B)を備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の概略構成を示すブロック図である。図4に示すように、本実施形態に係るマスタ装置20Bは、マスタ本体2Bと、操作受付装置3Bとを備えている。マスタ本体2Bの構成は、前述の第1実施形態に係るマスタ本体2Aと実質的に同一であり、詳細な説明は省略する。
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a remotecontrol robot system 100 including the master device 20 (20B) according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, themaster device 20B according to the present embodiment includes amaster body 2B and anoperation reception device 3B. The configuration of themaster body 2B is substantially the same as that of themaster body 2A according to the first embodiment described above, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.

操作受付装置3Bは、マスタ本体2Bを手先部に装着したマニピュレータ23と、マニピュレータ23の各関節の回転位置に基づいてマスタ本体2Bの位置及び姿勢を求める演算部24とを備えている。  Theoperation receiving device 3B includes amanipulator 23 with the mastermain body 2B attached to the hand portion, and acalculation unit 24 that obtains the position and orientation of the mastermain body 2B based on the rotational position of each joint of themanipulator 23.

マニピュレータ23は、スレーブアーム1と同じ数の複数の関節JTm1〜JTm6を有する多関節ロボットアームであって、基台25及び複数のリンク21a〜21fが順次連結されて構成されている。マニピュレータ23のリンク21a〜21fの連接構成は、スレーブアーム1のリンク11a〜11fと実質的に同一であり、詳細な説明は省略する。マニピュレータ23の第6リンク21fの先端部(即ち、マニピュレータ23の手先部)には、マスタ本体2Bが装着されている。  Themanipulator 23 is an articulated robot arm having the same number of joints JTm1 to JTm6 as the slave arm 1, and is constructed by sequentially connecting abase 25 and a plurality oflinks 21a to 21f. The connection configuration of thelinks 21a to 21f of themanipulator 23 is substantially the same as thelinks 11a to 11f of the slave arm 1, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The mastermain body 2B is attached to the tip of thesixth link 21f of the manipulator 23 (that is, the hand portion of the manipulator 23).

関節JTm1〜JTm6には、それが連結する2つの部材を相対的に回転させるアクチュエータの一例としての駆動モータMm1〜Mm6(図示略)が設けられている。駆動モータMm1〜Mm6は、例えば、モータ制御部26によってサーボ制御されるサーボモータである。また、各駆動モータMm1〜Mm6には、その回転位置を検出するための位置センサEm1〜Em6(図示略)と、その回転を制御する電流を検出するための電流センサCm1〜Cm6(図示略)とが設けられている。位置センサEm1〜Em6は、例えばエンコーダである。  The joints JTm1 to JTm6 are provided with drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 (not shown) as examples of actuators that relatively rotate two members connected to the joints JTm1 to JTm6. The drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 are servomotors that are servo-controlled by themotor control unit 26, for example. Each of the drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 includes position sensors Em1 to Em6 (not shown) for detecting the rotational position, and current sensors Cm1 to Cm6 (not shown) for detecting a current for controlling the rotation. And are provided. The position sensors Em1 to Em6 are, for example, encoders.

前述のスレーブアーム1の駆動系統と同様に、駆動モータMm1〜Mm6、位置センサEm1〜Em6、及び電流センサCm1〜Cm6は、モータ制御部26と電気的に接続されている。本実施形態に係るモータ制御部26は、1台で複数の駆動モータMm1〜Mm6をサーボ制御できるものであるが、駆動モータMm1〜Mm6ごとに対応するモータ制御部が設けられていてもよい。  Similarly to the drive system of the slave arm 1 described above, the drive motors Mm1 to Mm6, the position sensors Em1 to Em6, and the current sensors Cm1 to Cm6 are electrically connected to themotor control unit 26. Themotor control unit 26 according to the present embodiment can servo-control a plurality of drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 by one unit, but a motor control unit corresponding to each of the drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 may be provided.

モータ制御部26は、前述のモータ制御部16と同様に、制御ユニット6(詳細には、マスタ制御部62)から取得した位置指令値やサーボゲイン等に基づいて駆動指令値(トルク指令値)を生成し、駆動指令値に対応した駆動電流を駆動モータMm1〜Mm6へ供給する。駆動モータMm1〜Mm6の出力回転角は位置センサEm1〜Em6によって検出され、モータ制御部26へフィードバックされる。但し、モータ制御部26とマスタ制御部62との機能が、単一の回路または単一の又は単一の演算装置によって実現されていてもよい。  Themotor control unit 26 is a drive command value (torque command value) based on the position command value, servo gain, and the like acquired from the control unit 6 (specifically, the master control unit 62), similarly to themotor control unit 16 described above. And a drive current corresponding to the drive command value is supplied to the drive motors Mm1 to Mm6. The output rotation angles of the drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 are detected by the position sensors Em1 to Em6 and fed back to themotor control unit 26. However, the functions of themotor control unit 26 and themaster control unit 62 may be realized by a single circuit or a single or single arithmetic device.

制御ユニット6のマスタ制御部62は、オペレータがマスタ本体2Bに与えた外力に従ってマニピュレータ23が移動又は姿勢を変化させるように、マニピュレータ23を動作させる。つまり、マニピュレータ23の動作によって、オペレータの操作力がアシストされる。また、マスタ制御部62は、オペレータがマスタ本体2Bに外力を与えたときに、マニピュレータ23の手先部が所定の軌道に沿って移動するように、マニピュレータ23を動作させてもよい。  Themaster control unit 62 of the control unit 6 operates themanipulator 23 so that themanipulator 23 moves or changes its posture according to the external force applied to the mastermain body 2B by the operator. That is, the operation force of the operator is assisted by the operation of themanipulator 23. Further, themaster control unit 62 may operate themanipulator 23 so that the hand portion of themanipulator 23 moves along a predetermined trajectory when the operator applies an external force to the mastermain body 2B.

演算部24は、オンオフスイッチ36がオンであるときに、位置センサEm1〜Em6によって検出された駆動モータMm1〜Mm6の出力回転角に基づいてマニピュレータ23の手先部に装着されたマスタ本体2Bの位置及び姿勢を求める。操作受付装置3Bは制御ユニット6と通信可能に接続されており、操作受付装置3Bは求めたマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢に基づく操作情報を制御ユニット6へ入力する。  Thecalculation unit 24 determines the position of themaster body 2B attached to the hand portion of themanipulator 23 based on the output rotation angles of the drive motors Mm1 to Mm6 detected by the position sensors Em1 to Em6 when the on / offswitch 36 is on. And seek posture. Theoperation reception device 3B is communicably connected to the control unit 6, and theoperation reception device 3B inputs operation information based on the obtained position and orientation of themaster body 2 to the control unit 6.

以上説明した通り、本実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100では、マスタ装置20Bの操作受付装置3Bが、マスタ本体2Bを手先部に装着したマニピュレータ23と、マニピュレータ23の各関節JTm1〜JTm6の回転位置に基づいてマスタ本体2Bの位置及び姿勢を求める演算部24とを有している。  As described above, in the remoteoperation robot system 100 according to the present embodiment, theoperation reception device 3B of themaster device 20B is configured to rotate themanipulator 23 with themaster body 2B attached to the hand and the joints JTm1 to JTm6 of themanipulator 23. And acalculation unit 24 for obtaining the position and orientation of themaster body 2B based on the position.

このように、マスタ本体2Bがマニピュレータ23の手先部に装着されることによって、マスタ本体2Bはマニピュレータ23に支持されている。従って、オペレータはマスタ本体2Bの荷重を支えなくともよいので、オペレータのマスタ本体2Bの操作が安定する。また、マニピュレータ23に、マスタ本体2Bの操作力をアシストさせることができるので、マスタ本体2Bの操作性を向上させることができる。  In this way, themaster body 2B is supported by themanipulator 23 by mounting themaster body 2B on the hand portion of themanipulator 23. Therefore, the operator does not have to support the load on the mastermain body 2B, so that the operation of the mastermain body 2B by the operator is stabilized. Further, since themanipulator 23 can assist the operation force of the mastermain body 2B, the operability of the mastermain body 2B can be improved.

〔第3実施形態〕
図5は、第3実施形態に係るマスタ装置20(20C)を備えた遠隔操作ロボットシステム100の概略構成を示すブロック図である。図5に示すように、本実施形態に係るマスタ装置20Cは、マスタ本体2Cと、操作受付装置3Cとを備えている。マスタ本体2Cの構成は、前述の第1実施形態に係るマスタ本体2Aと実質的に同一であり、詳細な説明は省略する。
[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a remotecontrol robot system 100 including the master device 20 (20C) according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, themaster device 20C according to the present embodiment includes a mastermain body 2C and anoperation receiving device 3C. The configuration of themaster body 2C is substantially the same as that of themaster body 2A according to the first embodiment described above, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.

操作受付装置3Cは、マスタ本体2Cの動きを捕えるモーションキャプチャシステムとして構成されている。モーションキャプチャシステムは様々な方式が知られているが、例えば、マスタ本体2Cの表面の複数個所に設けられたマーカ34と、マーカ34を撮像する複数のカメラ装置35と、これらのカメラ装置35で得られた画像を処理してマスタ本体2Cの位置及び姿勢を求める画像処理装置38とから成るモーションキャプチャシステムが採用されてよい。或いは、モーションキャプチャシステムとして、マスタ本体2Cを撮像するカメラ装置35と、これらのカメラ装置で得られた画像を処理してマスタ本体2Cの位置及び姿勢を求める画像処理装置38とから成るモーションキャプチャシステムが採用されてよい。なお、上記のモーションキャプチャシステムは公知であるので、構造や処理内容に係る詳細な説明は省略する。  Theoperation reception device 3C is configured as a motion capture system that captures the movement of themaster body 2C. Various types of motion capture systems are known. For example,markers 34 provided at a plurality of locations on the surface of themaster body 2C, a plurality ofcamera devices 35 that capture themarkers 34, and thesecamera devices 35 are used. A motion capture system including animage processing device 38 that processes the obtained image to determine the position and orientation of themaster body 2C may be employed. Alternatively, as a motion capture system, a motion capture system including acamera device 35 that captures an image of themaster body 2C and animage processing device 38 that processes the images obtained by these camera devices to determine the position and orientation of themaster body 2C. May be adopted. Since the above-described motion capture system is publicly known, detailed description regarding the structure and processing contents is omitted.

操作受付装置3Cは制御ユニット6と通信可能に接続されており、操作受付装置3Cは求めたマスタ本体2の位置及び姿勢に基づく操作情報を制御ユニット6へ入力する。  Theoperation reception device 3C is communicably connected to the control unit 6, and theoperation reception device 3C inputs operation information based on the obtained position and orientation of themaster body 2 to the control unit 6.

以上説明した通り、本実施形態に係る遠隔操作ロボットシステム100では、マスタ装置20Cの操作受付装置3Cが、マスタ本体2C又はマスタ本体2C上に設けられた複数のマーカ34を撮像するカメラ装置35と、カメラ装置35で撮像した画像を処理することによりマスタ本体2Cの位置及び姿勢を求める画像処理装置38とを含むモーションキャプチャシステムを有している。  As described above, in the remotecontrol robot system 100 according to the present embodiment, theoperation accepting device 3C of themaster device 20C has thecamera body 35 that images themaster body 2C or the plurality ofmarkers 34 provided on themaster body 2C. And a motion capture system including animage processing device 38 that obtains the position and orientation of the mastermain body 2C by processing an image captured by thecamera device 35.

このようにマスタ装置20Cの操作受付装置3Cはモーションキャプチャの技術を利用したものであるので、マスタ本体2Cは可搬性を有する。そして、オペレータは、カメラ装置35が撮像可能なエリア内で、マスタ本体2Cを移動させて、マスタ本体2Cを操ることができる。  As described above, theoperation accepting device 3C of themaster device 20C uses the technology of motion capture, so the mastermain body 2C has portability. The operator can manipulate themaster body 2C by moving themaster body 2C within an area where thecamera device 35 can capture an image.

〔第4実施形態〕
図6は、第4実施形態に係るマスタ装置20のマスタ本体2Dの模式図である。図6に示すように、本実施形態に係るマスタ本体2Dは、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物の形状を模しているが、マスタ本体2Dの外形は対象物の外形と同一又は相似ではない。
[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of themaster body 2D of themaster device 20 according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the mastermain body 2D according to the present embodiment imitates the shape of an object handled by the slave arm 1, but the outer shape of the mastermain body 2D is not the same as or similar to the outer shape of the object.

マスタ本体2Dは、オペレータが対象物を両手で取り扱う際の持ち位置と対応する位置に設けられた一対の持手部27と、一対の持手部27を結ぶ剛体37とから構成されている。  The mastermain body 2D includes a pair ofgrip portions 27 provided at positions corresponding to the grip positions when the operator handles an object with both hands, and arigid body 37 connecting the pair ofgrip portions 27.

本実施形態において、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物はシートPであり、オペレータがシートPを両手で取り扱う際の持ち位置は、例えば、シートPの背持たれの上部と座面の先端部である。そして、これらの持ち位置と対応する位置関係で、一対の持手部27が設けられている。剛体37は、これら一対の持手部27を結んでいる。本実施形態では、持手部27は、シートPのL字形に倣ってL字形状を呈している。  In the present embodiment, the object handled by the slave arm 1 is the sheet P, and the holding position when the operator handles the sheet P with both hands is, for example, the upper part of the back of the sheet P and the front end of the seat surface. . A pair ofhandle portions 27 are provided in a positional relationship corresponding to these holding positions. Therigid body 37 connects the pair ofhandle portions 27. In the present embodiment, thehandle portion 27 has an L shape following the L shape of the sheet P.

以上説明した通り、本実施形態に係るマスタ本体2Dは、一対の持手部27と、一対の持手部27を結ぶ剛体37とから形成されている。  As described above, the mastermain body 2 </ b> D according to the present embodiment is formed of a pair ofhandle portions 27 and arigid body 37 that connects the pair ofhandle portions 27.

このように形成されるマスタ本体2Dは、スレーブアーム1が取り扱う対象物の形状を模しつつ、簡易に作製することができる。よって、マスタ本体2Dの作製に係るコストや工数を省くことができる。  Themaster body 2D formed in this way can be easily manufactured while imitating the shape of the object handled by the slave arm 1. Therefore, the cost and man-hour concerning manufacture of mastermain body 2D can be saved.

以上に本発明の好適な実施の形態を説明した。上記説明から、当業者にとっては、本発明の多くの改良や他の実施形態が明らかである。従って、上記説明は、例示としてのみ解釈されるべきであり、本発明を実行する最良の態様を当業者に教示する目的で提供されたものである。本発明の精神を逸脱することなく、その構造及び/又は機能の詳細を実質的に変更できる。  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. From the foregoing description, many modifications and other embodiments of the present invention are obvious to one skilled in the art. Accordingly, the foregoing description should be construed as illustrative only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best mode of carrying out the invention. The details of the structure and / or function may be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1 :スレーブアーム
2 :マスタ本体
3 :操作受付装置
4 :出力装置
5 :状況取得装置
6 :制御ユニット
7 :入力装置
8 :記憶装置
11a〜11f :リンク
15 :基台
16 :モータ制御部
20 :マスタ装置
21a〜21f :リンク
25 :基台
26 :モータ制御部
30 :振動モータ
41 :ディスプレイ装置
60 :ホスト制御部
61 :スレーブ制御部(スレーブ制御装置)
62 :マスタ制御部(マスタ制御装置)
63 :受信部
64 :出力制御部
65 :修正部
66 :外力検出部(外力検出装置)
67 :振動制御部(振動制御装置)
100 :遠隔操作ロボットシステム
1: Slave arm 2: Master body 3: Operation receiving device 4: Output device 5: Status acquisition device 6: Control unit 7: Input device 8:Storage devices 11a to 11f: Link 15: Base 16: Motor control unit 20:Master devices 21a to 21f: Link 25: Base 26: Motor controller 30: Vibration motor 41: Display device 60: Host controller 61: Slave controller (slave controller)
62: Master control unit (master control device)
63: reception unit 64: output control unit 65: correction unit 66: external force detection unit (external force detection device)
67: Vibration control unit (vibration control device)
100: Remote control robot system

Claims (8)

Translated fromJapanese
スレーブアームと、
前記スレーブアームが取り扱う対象物の形状を模したマスタ本体と、
前記マスタ本体の位置及び姿勢に基づくオペレータの操作を受け付ける操作受付装置と、
前記操作受付装置が受け付けた操作に基づいて、前記マスタ本体と前記対象物との振る舞いが対応するように前記スレーブアームの動作を制御する制御装置とを備える、
遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
Slave arm,
A master body imitating the shape of the object handled by the slave arm;
An operation accepting device for accepting an operator's operation based on the position and orientation of the master body;
A control device that controls the operation of the slave arm based on an operation received by the operation receiving device so that the behavior of the master main body and the object corresponds;
Remote control robot system.
前記操作受付装置が、
前記マスタ本体に搭載されたモーションセンサユニットと、
前記モーションセンサユニットで検出された情報に基づいて前記マスタ本体の位置及び姿勢を求める演算部とを有する、
請求項1に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
The operation reception device is
A motion sensor unit mounted on the master body;
An arithmetic unit that obtains the position and orientation of the master body based on information detected by the motion sensor unit;
The remote control robot system according to claim 1.
前記操作受付装置が、
前記マスタ本体を手先部に装着したマニピュレータと、
前記マニピュレータの各関節の回転位置に基づいて前記マスタ本体の位置及び姿勢を求める演算部とを有する、
請求項1に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
The operation reception device is
A manipulator with the master body attached to the hand,
An arithmetic unit that obtains the position and orientation of the master body based on the rotational position of each joint of the manipulator;
The remote control robot system according to claim 1.
前記操作受付装置が、
前記マスタ本体又は前記マスタ本体上に設けられた複数のマーカを撮像するカメラ装置と、前記カメラ装置で撮像した画像を処理することにより前記マスタ本体の位置及び姿勢を求める画像処理装置とを含むモーションキャプチャシステムを有する、
請求項1に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
The operation reception device is
Motion including a camera device that captures the master body or a plurality of markers provided on the master body, and an image processing device that determines the position and orientation of the master body by processing an image captured by the camera device Having a capture system,
The remote control robot system according to claim 1.
前記マスタ本体に搭載された振動モータと、
前記スレーブアームが環境から受けた外力を検出する外力検出装置と、
前記外力検出装置で検出された外力が前記マスタ本体の振動としてオペレータに提示されるように、前記振動モータを動作させる振動制御装置とを更に備える、
請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
A vibration motor mounted on the master body;
An external force detection device that detects external force received by the slave arm from the environment;
A vibration control device that operates the vibration motor such that an external force detected by the external force detection device is presented to an operator as vibration of the master body;
The remote control robot system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
振動制御装置は、前記外力検出装置で検出された外力の大きさに比例した回転数で前記振動モータを動作させる、
請求項5に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
The vibration control device operates the vibration motor at a rotational speed proportional to the magnitude of the external force detected by the external force detection device.
The remote control robot system according to claim 5.
前記マスタ本体は、前記オペレータが前記対象物を両手で取り扱う際の持ち位置と対応する位置に一対の持手部を有する、
請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
The master body has a pair of handle portions at positions corresponding to positions held when the operator handles the object with both hands.
The remote control robot system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
前記マスタ本体が、前記一対の持手部と、前記一対の持手部を結ぶ剛体とから形成されている、
請求項7に記載の遠隔操作ロボットシステム。
The master body is formed of the pair of handle parts and a rigid body that connects the pair of handle parts.
The remote control robot system according to claim 7.
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