【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明はスローアウエイチツプの損傷を自動
的に検出し、その交換を自動的におこなえること
を特徴とした自動工具交換バイトに関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic tool changing tool which is characterized in that damage to the throwaway tip can be automatically detected and replaced automatically.
近年施削加工の無人化が進展し、スローアウエ
イチツプの交換をも無人で機械的におこなうシス
テムが完成しつつある。しかし、従来のシステム
は予め設定した加工数になつて交換指令がでると
いうように、セラミツクス又は硬質合金製のスロ
ーアウエイチツプの偶発的な欠損に対しては無防
備でありこの欠損がおこると加工製品の不良、工
具保持具の大破等その与える影響は極めて大き
い。 In recent years, unmanned machining has progressed, and systems are being perfected that allow automatic, unmanned replacement of throw-away tips. However, with conventional systems, a replacement command is issued when a preset number of machining is reached, so the throw-away tip made of ceramics or hard metal is not protected against accidental breakage, and if this breakage occurs, the machined product cannot be processed. The effects of this, such as defective parts and severe damage to tool holders, are extremely large.
この発明は工具の使用中の損傷状況を把握し、
事前に事故防止を可能にすることと同時に損傷発
生のスローアウエイチツプを自動的に交換しよう
とするものである。 This invention grasps the damage situation of tools during use,
The aim is to prevent accidents in advance and at the same time automatically replace damaged throwaway tips.
使用中のスローアウエイチツプに損傷が生じた
場合、スローアウエイチツプから発生するアコー
ステイツクエミツシヨン信号（以下単にAE信号
という）はその出力レベルが高くなることが知ら
れている。そこで、損傷検出装置に課せられる間
題はAE信号中に出力レベルの高い成分が現われ
た際にこれをいかに精度よく、しかも簡単に検出
するかという点が間題である。 It is known that when the throwaway chip is damaged during use, the output level of the acoustic emission signal (hereinafter simply referred to as AE signal) generated from the throwaway chip increases. Therefore, the problem facing damage detection devices is how to accurately and easily detect components with high output levels when they appear in the AE signal.
そこで例をバイトにとり、AE信号を０〜
2000KHzの周波数域に限定して切削中のAE出力
を調べたところ、第１図のような分布を示した。
損傷前の出力に対する損傷後の出力の増加率をと
つて損傷に対する感度を調べた結果は第２図の如
くで1000KHz以下の周波数成分を取り出せば感度
よく損傷を検出できるが好ましくは100〜1000K
Hzの範囲であれば増加率３以上と高感度で精度よ
く検出できる。 So, let's take the example as a byte and change the AE signal from 0 to
When we investigated the AE output during cutting limited to the 2000KHz frequency range, we found a distribution as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 2 shows the results of examining the sensitivity to damage by measuring the increase rate of output after damage to the output before damage. Damage can be detected with good sensitivity by extracting frequency components below 1000 KHz, but preferably 100 to 1000 KHz.
In the Hz range, the increase rate is 3 or more, allowing for highly sensitive and accurate detection.
この発明は上記の着想を具体的に工具に応用し
たものであり、第３図にその実施例を示してい
る。同図において１は自動工具交換機能を有する
保持具、２はスローアウエイチツプ、３はAE信
号測定素子、４は増幅器、５は周波数弁別器、６
は比較器、７は工具交換指令装置である。３の
AE信号測定素子はノイズ少なく受信すべく保持
具の中に設置されている。検出された信号は増幅
器４に入力され増幅され、その出力のうち100K
Hz以下及び1000KHz以上の信号は次の周波数弁別
器５で除かれ、その残りの周波数成分のみの出力
が次の比較器６に入力される。 This invention is a concrete application of the above idea to a tool, and an embodiment thereof is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a holder with an automatic tool change function, 2 is a throw-away chip, 3 is an AE signal measuring element, 4 is an amplifier, 5 is a frequency discriminator, and 6
7 is a comparator, and 7 is a tool change command device. 3's
The AE signal measuring element is installed in a holder to receive signals with less noise. The detected signal is input to amplifier 4 and amplified, and 100K of its output is
Signals below Hz and above 1000 KHz are removed by the next frequency discriminator 5, and the output of only the remaining frequency components is input to the next comparator 6.
比較器６においては予め設定された基準値と比
較され、上記AE信号の増加率Ｐが基準値P1より
上回つた際に７の工具交換指令装置により切削加
工の中止を指令するとともに工具交換の指令が発
せられ、スローアウエイチツプが新しいものに取
り替えられる。 The comparator 6 compares the AE signal with a preset reference value, and when the increase rate P of the AE signal exceeds the reference valueP1 , the tool change command device 7 commands to stop the cutting process and replaces the tool. command is issued and the throw-away tip is replaced with a new one.
第４図は上記実施例において、時間ｔを横軸
に、100〜1000KHzのAE信号の周波数成分の増加
率Ｐを縦軸にとつて示したものであつて、時間t1
においてスローアウエイチツプに損傷が発生した
ことを示している。損傷の発生によつて出力Ｐは
急激に大きくなり、基準値P1を上回つた時点で工
具交換指令装置により切削加工中止指令が出され
るとともに工具交換の指令が発せられ、自動的に
工具交換がなされている。 FIG. 4 shows the time t on the horizontal axis and the increase rate P of the frequency component of the AE signalof 100 to 1000 KHz on the vertical axis in the above embodiment.
This indicates that damage has occurred to the throw-away tip. Due to the occurrence of damage, the output P increases rapidly, and when it exceeds the reference value P1 , the tool change command device issues a command to stop cutting and also issues a command to change the tool, and the tool is automatically replaced. is being done.
従つて、本発明によれば工具の損傷状態の監視
から工具の交換まで自動でおこなえ、完全無人化
が可能になるものである。 Therefore, according to the present invention, everything from monitoring the damage state of tools to tool replacement can be carried out automatically, and completely unmanned operation is possible.
なお、AE検出素子は自動工具交換機能を有す
る保持具の後端、側面など作業に差しつかえない
所に設置すれば好都合である。工作機械の保持具
取付部につけてもよく、作業時に水、切りくず等
が当らない程度にカバーをして使用する程度でよ
い。この場合該保持具に凹部をつけて埋込むのが
適している。したがつて、外観的には従来のバイ
トと何等変りなく、作業性を損ねることもなく安
全性も十分配慮できる。 Note that it is convenient to install the AE detection element at a place where it does not interfere with the work, such as the rear end or side of a holder that has an automatic tool change function. It may be attached to the holder attachment part of a machine tool, and it is sufficient to use it with a cover to prevent water, chips, etc. from coming into contact with it during work. In this case, it is suitable to embed the holder with a recess. Therefore, the tool does not look any different from a conventional cutting tool, does not impair workability, and is fully safe.
第１図は切削加工時に生じるAE信号出力の周
波数に対する分布図表、第２図は損傷の生じる前
後のAE信号の比率（増加率）を周波数に対して
求めた図表、第３図この発明の実施例を示す図、
第４図は100〜1000KHzの周波数範囲の増加率と
時間との関係図表である。 １……自動工具交換機能を有する保持具、２…
…スローアウエイチツプ、３……AE信号測定素
子、４……増幅器、５……周波数弁別器、６……
比較器、７……工具交換指令装置。 Figure 1 is a distribution chart of the AE signal output generated during cutting process versus frequency, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the ratio (increase rate) of the AE signal before and after damage occurs versus frequency, and Figure 3 is the implementation of this invention. Diagram showing an example,
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the rate of increase in the frequency range of 100 to 1000 KHz and time. 1... Holder with automatic tool change function, 2...
...Throwaway chip, 3...AE signal measuring element, 4...Amplifier, 5...Frequency discriminator, 6...
Comparator, 7... Tool change command device.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15050379AJPS5676363A (en) | 1979-11-20 | 1979-11-20 | Automatically replaceable cutting tool having tool failure detector |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15050379AJPS5676363A (en) | 1979-11-20 | 1979-11-20 | Automatically replaceable cutting tool having tool failure detector |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5676363A JPS5676363A (en) | 1981-06-23 |
| JPS6128468B2true JPS6128468B2 (en) | 1986-06-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15050379AGrantedJPS5676363A (en) | 1979-11-20 | 1979-11-20 | Automatically replaceable cutting tool having tool failure detector |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5676363A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3029957C2 (en)* | 1980-08-07 | 1983-05-11 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Device for determining the wear on cutting tools by evaluating the vibrations occurring on the cutting tool |
| JP6805600B2 (en)* | 2016-07-21 | 2020-12-23 | 株式会社リコー | Diagnostic equipment, diagnostic systems, diagnostic methods and programs |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5676363A (en) | 1981-06-23 |
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