【発明の詳細な説明】（産業上の利用分野）本発明は長時間の使用においても血液に損傷を起さない
安全な体外循環装置に関するものででめり、中でも呼吸
補助を安全、かつ完全に実施することのできる人工肺機
能を備えた血液体外循環装置に関するものである。本発
明は以下人工肺機能を備えた血液体外循環装置について
説明するが。Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a safe extracorporeal circulation device that does not cause damage to blood even when used for a long time, and in particular, relates to a safe and complete extracorporeal circulation device that provides respiratory support. The present invention relates to an extracorporeal blood circulation device equipped with an artificial lung function that can be used to perform artificial lung function. The present invention will be described below with reference to an extracorporeal blood circulation device equipped with an artificial lung function.
血液中の不要成分を除去する血液浄化機能や血液中に有
用成分を補給する機能を備えた血液体外循環装置などに
も適用することができる。The present invention can also be applied to an extracorporeal blood circulation device that has a blood purification function that removes unnecessary components from the blood and a function that replenishes useful components from the blood.
（従来の技術）従来のこの種人工肺機能を備えた装置においては、人工
肺の流入側に血液リザーバを介して送血ポンプを介在さ
せた静脈側脱血回路と、その流出側に動脈側送血回路と
を接続し、心臓外科手術等に際し血液の体内循環量が一
定となるよう送血ポンプにて体外循環を行わせる方式が
一般に採用されている。(Prior art) In a conventional device with this kind of oxygenator function, there is a venous blood removal circuit with a blood pump interposed via a blood reservoir on the inflow side of the oxygenator, and an arterial side blood removal circuit on the outflow side. Generally, a method is adopted in which a blood pump is connected to a blood supply circuit and a blood supply pump is used to perform extracorporeal circulation so that the amount of blood circulating in the body is constant during cardiac surgery or the like.
ところがかかる従来の装置では手術の間、心肺からの脱
血により増加する体外循環血液の余剰分を貯える血液リ
ザーバへの血液捕集は患者と血液リザーバとの落差によ
る脱血で行っており１通常この落差は１ｍ以上とられて
いる。このため患者を高い位置にめげて術者は台上にの
って手術を行う必要がめシ手術が不便であるとともに、
ＪＩｌＩｌ液捕集に必要な回路が必然的に長くなシプラ
イミングボリューム（充填液量）が大きくなるという事
態を回避できないでいた。そのため従来の装置では全血
量の少い新生児や小児用途には適用できないという問題
があった。また送血ポンプとしてローラ式またはフィン
ガ一式のポンプが一般に用いられているが、これらはロ
ーラまたはフィンガーのポンプ使用時のしごき、押しつ
ぶしが通液損傷。However, with such conventional devices, during surgery, blood is collected into a blood reservoir that stores excess extracorporeally circulating blood that increases due to blood removal from the heart and lungs, and is performed by removing blood by using a drop between the patient and the blood reservoir. This drop is over 1m. For this reason, it is not only inconvenient to perform surgery because the patient must be placed in a high position and the surgeon must climb on the table to perform the surgery.
It has not been possible to avoid the situation where the circuit necessary for collecting the JIlIl liquid is inevitably long and the priming volume (filling liquid amount) becomes large. Therefore, there was a problem that conventional devices could not be applied to newborns and children with small amounts of whole blood. In addition, roller-type or finger-type pumps are generally used as blood pumps, but these can be damaged due to the rollers or fingers being squeezed or squeezed during use.
特に血小板数の減少や溶血現象に大きな影響を与えると
いう問題があった。このためローラまたはフィンガ一式
のポンプに代えて非可撓性のハウジング内に可撓性バッ
グを収容し、これを空気圧によシ膨張、収縮させる方式
のポンプが種々開発すれている。しかしこれらはいづれ
も単に従来のポンプと置換する脈動ポンプにすぎず、プ
ライミングボリームの減少に大きく寄与するものではな
かった。In particular, there was a problem in that it greatly affected the decrease in the number of platelets and the phenomenon of hemolysis. For this reason, various pumps have been developed in which a flexible bag is housed in a non-flexible housing and the bag is inflated and deflated by air pressure instead of a roller or finger set pump. However, all of these are merely pulsating pumps that replace conventional pumps, and do not significantly contribute to reducing the priming volume.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）本発明は加液回路を短くしてプライミングボリュームを
減少させ、全血量の少い新生児や小児用途にも適用でき
る血液体外循環装置を提供することにある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide an extracorporeal blood circulation device that shortens the fluid supply circuit to reduce the priming volume and can be applied to neonates and children with small whole blood volumes. .
さらに本発明は高いベッドや術者の踏台等の危険な装備
が不要で、かつ手術や患者の監視に便利な血液体外循環
装置を提供することにある。A further object of the present invention is to provide an extracorporeal blood circulation system that does not require dangerous equipment such as a high bed or a step stool for the operator, and is convenient for surgery and patient monitoring.
本発明は長時間の使用においても血液に損傷を起さない
安全な血液体外循環装置を提供することＫある。An object of the present invention is to provide a safe extracorporeal blood circulation device that does not cause damage to blood even when used for a long time.
（問題点を解決するための手段）本発明は非可撓性のハウジング内に可撓性の血液リザー
バを収容し、該血液リザーバを液体圧によシ膨張収縮さ
せて脱血と送血を繰シ返すポンプ装置を人工臓器の流入
側に介在させた脱血回路と、該人工臓器の流出側に送血
回路とを接続させた血液体外循環装置において、該ハウ
ジングに可撓性の液体リザーバを介在させた液体循環回
路を該液体リザーバがハウジングと落差を有するように
接続し、かつ該液体循環回路に血液リザーバが膨張収縮
したことを検出する装置を備えるとともに。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention accommodates a flexible blood reservoir in a non-flexible housing, and expands and contracts the blood reservoir using fluid pressure to perform blood removal and blood supply. In the blood extracorporeal circulation device, the housing includes a blood removal circuit in which a repeating pump device is interposed on the inflow side of an artificial organ, and a blood feeding circuit in the outflow side of the artificial organ. A liquid circulation circuit with a blood reservoir connected thereto such that the liquid reservoir has a height difference from the housing, and a device for detecting expansion and contraction of the blood reservoir is provided in the liquid circulation circuit.
この検出装置と連動して切替制御されるパルプを脱血回
路のポンプ装置の上流側及び下流側と、液体循環回路の
ポンプ装置の上流側に設け、しかも液体循環回路め液体
リザー・くの下流側に送液手段を設けた血液体外循環装
置でめるＯさらに本発明は非可撓性の・・ウジング内に可撓性の血
液リザーバを収容し、該血液リザーノくを液体圧によシ
膨張収縮させて脱血と送血を繰９返すポンプ装置を人工
臓器の流入側に介在させた脱血回路と、該人工臓器の流
出側に送血回路とを接続させた血液体外循環装置におい
て、該／１ウジングに可撓性の液体リザーバを介在させ
た液体循環回路を該液体リザーバが／為りジングと落差
を有するように接続し、かつ該液体循環回路に血液リザ
ーバが膨張収縮したことを検出する装置を備え、さらに
該脱血回路のポンプ装置の上流側及び下流側に逆止弁を
設けるとともに、この検出装置と連動して切替制御され
るバルブを液体循環回路のポンプ装置の上流側に設け、
しかも液体循環回路の液体リザーバの下流側に送液手段
を設は六血液体外循環装置である。Pulp, which is switched and controlled in conjunction with this detection device, is provided upstream and downstream of the pump device of the blood removal circuit and upstream of the pump device of the liquid circulation circuit, and furthermore, the pulp that is switched and controlled in conjunction with this detection device is provided on the upstream side and downstream of the pump device of the blood removal circuit, and the pulp that is switched and controlled in conjunction with this detection device. Furthermore, the present invention accommodates a flexible blood reservoir in a non-flexible housing, and the blood reservoir is pumped by liquid pressure. In a blood extracorporeal circulation device, a blood removal circuit has a pump device interposed on the inflow side of an artificial organ, and a blood feeding circuit is connected to the outflow side of the artificial organ, in which a pump device that repeatedly performs blood removal and blood feeding by expanding and contracting is connected. , A liquid circulation circuit in which a flexible liquid reservoir is interposed in the /1 housing is connected such that the liquid reservoir has a head difference from the housing, and the blood reservoir expands and contracts in the liquid circulation circuit. In addition, check valves are provided upstream and downstream of the pump device of the blood removal circuit, and a valve that is switched and controlled in conjunction with the detection device is installed upstream of the pump device of the liquid circulation circuit. installed on the side,
In addition, the blood extracorporeal circulation apparatus is equipped with a liquid feeding means downstream of the liquid reservoir in the liquid circulation circuit.
ポンプ装置のハウジングには液体循環回路へ液体を注入
する液体注入口を有し、血液リザーノくが膨張収縮した
ことを検出する装置としては、該血液リザーバと比例し
て膨張収縮する液体リザーバの膨張収縮量を検出する２
ケの近接スイッチで構成するのが自動制御の点で便利で
ある。また同様に送液手段も駆動制御可能なローラポン
プで構成を図面にて詳細に説明する。The housing of the pump device has a liquid inlet for injecting liquid into the liquid circulation circuit, and the device for detecting expansion and contraction of the blood reservoir detects the expansion and contraction of the liquid reservoir in proportion to the blood reservoir. Detecting the amount of contraction 2
It is convenient from the point of view of automatic control to configure it with two proximity switches. Similarly, the liquid feeding means is also a roller pump whose drive can be controlled, and its configuration will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図はカテーテルを２本用いたダブルニードル式の装
置の系統図であり、血液は患者（図示せず）の静脈また
は動脈から脱血回路Ｌ１に設けられたポンプ装置１を構
成する交互に膨張収縮して脱血と送血を行う血液リザー
バ４を経て人工肺２に供給され１次いで人工肺にてガス
交換された浄化血液は送血回路Ｌ２に設けられたドリッ
プチャンバ３を経て患者に戻される。上記脱血回路Ｌ１
にヘパリン注入や脱気用の混注ラインを設けてもよい。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a double-needle type device using two catheters, in which blood is alternately drawn from a vein or artery of a patient (not shown) to constitute a pump device 1 provided in a blood removal circuit L1. The purified blood is supplied to the oxygenator 2 through a blood reservoir 4 that expands and contracts to perform blood removal and blood supply, and then undergoes gas exchange in the oxygenator.The purified blood is then delivered to the patient via a drip chamber 3 provided in a blood supply circuit L2. be returned. The above blood removal circuit L1
A co-injection line for heparin injection and degassing may also be provided.
上記血液リザーバ４の膨張収縮はノ）ウジング５に可撓
性の液体リザーバ６を介在させた液体循環回路Ｌ３を接
続し、該回路内に封入した液体を密閉空間９に供給、ま
たは密閉空間から排出することにより行うことができる
。このため脱血回路Ｌｌのポンプ装置の上流側及び下流
側と液体循環回路Ｌ３のポンプ装置の上流側に各回路を
適宜開閉するパルプＶｌ、 Ｖｚ、 Ｖｓと液体循環回
路に密閉空間に液体を退散する手段７を設けておく。ま
た液体循環回路Ｌ３に加熱装置を設けるとポンプ装置内
で間接的に血液を加熱することができて体外循環車数の
温度低下を防ぐことができる。The expansion and contraction of the blood reservoir 4 is carried out by:) Connecting the liquid circulation circuit L3 with a flexible liquid reservoir 6 interposed to the housing 5, and supplying the liquid sealed in the circuit to the closed space 9 or from the closed space. This can be done by discharging. For this purpose, the pulp Vl, Vz, Vs which opens and closes each circuit appropriately on the upstream and downstream sides of the pump device of the blood removal circuit Ll and the upstream side of the pump device of the liquid circulation circuit L3 and the liquid circulation circuit dissipate the liquid into a closed space. A means 7 to do this is provided. Further, if a heating device is provided in the liquid circulation circuit L3, blood can be indirectly heated within the pump device, and a drop in temperature of the extracorporeal circulation vehicle can be prevented.
ポンプ装置ｌは脱血回路Ｌｌの一部を構成する膨張収縮
可能な可撓性材料からなる血液リザーバ４を該可撓性材
料にくらべて十分な非可撓性を有するハウジング５で包
囲して血液リザーバ４とハウジング５との間に密閉空間
９を形成し、該密閉空間を加圧または減圧して血液リザ
ーバの膨張収縮を行わせるポンプ作用によシ脱血と送血
を行う。The pump device 1 surrounds a blood reservoir 4 made of a flexible material capable of expansion and contraction and forming a part of the blood removal circuit LL with a housing 5 having sufficient inflexibility compared to the flexible material. A sealed space 9 is formed between the blood reservoir 4 and the housing 5, and blood removal and blood transfer are performed by a pump action that expands and contracts the blood reservoir by pressurizing or depressurizing the sealed space.
上記血液リザーバ４は柔軟性の良好なシリコンゴム、ポ
リウレタン、軟質塩ビ、ポリエーテル、天然または合成
ゴムから造られた袋状体めるいは管状体の形状を有して
いる。この血液リザーバの膨張時の容積は治療目的ある
いは患者の状態によシ適宜決定することができるが通常
−回心拍出量相当の大きさ、例えば小児用で１０〜１６
ｍ１．大人用で５０〜８０ｄのものが好適に用いられる
。また血液リザーバを包囲する・・ウジングは非可撓性
のポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、硬質塩ヒ、ポリカー
ボネート、アクリル、ポリスチレン、金属などを用いる
ことができる。ハウジング内に収容した血液リザーバの
作動状態を一部するためには透明なプラスチックを用い
ることが好ましい。またこの・・ウジングは着脱可能な
２つ割り構造として使用時に血液リザーバを液密に収容
する再使用可能な構造でも、血液リザーバと一体化した
使い捨てタイプでもよい。上記ハウジングの上部には液
体循環回路内に液体を注入する注入口ＩＯが設けられて
いる。The blood reservoir 4 has the shape of a bag or tubular body made of flexible silicone rubber, polyurethane, soft vinyl chloride, polyether, natural or synthetic rubber. The volume of this blood reservoir when expanded can be determined as appropriate depending on the treatment purpose or the patient's condition, but it is usually the size equivalent to the cardiac output, for example 10 to 16 cm for children.
m1. For adults, those of 50 to 80 d are suitably used. The housing surrounding the blood reservoir may be made of non-flexible polypropylene, polyethylene, hard arsenic, polycarbonate, acrylic, polystyrene, metal, or the like. Preferably, transparent plastic is used to provide a partial view of the operating conditions of the blood reservoir contained within the housing. Further, this housing may have a reusable structure that is detachable in two parts and fluid-tightly accommodates the blood reservoir when in use, or it may be a disposable type that is integrated with the blood reservoir. An inlet IO for injecting liquid into the liquid circulation circuit is provided in the upper part of the housing.
人工肺２としてはコイル型、積層型あるいは中空糸型を
用いることができる。特に中空糸型は作製が容易で、か
つ小型化しうる点で好ましく用いられる。かかる人工肺
に収容する分離膜としてはシリコーン糸ポリマーよりな
る均質膜およびポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリテ
トラフロロエチレン、ポリスルホンなどからなる多孔質
膜を用いることができるが、中でも最近開発されたポリ
スルホンなどの多孔質膜の一表面にシリコンの薄膜を被
覆した複合膜は血漿成分゛の洩出かないため人工肺用と
し７て好適である。As the artificial lung 2, a coil type, a laminated type, or a hollow fiber type can be used. In particular, a hollow fiber type is preferably used because it is easy to produce and can be downsized. As the separation membrane accommodated in such an oxygenator, a homogeneous membrane made of silicone thread polymer and a porous membrane made of polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polysulfone, etc. can be used. Among them, recently developed porous membranes such as polysulfone can be used. A composite membrane in which one surface of the plasma membrane is coated with a thin silicone film is suitable for use in artificial lungs because plasma components do not leak out.
血液体外循環処理中に人工肺を交換するためには複数の
人工肺を並列に接続しておくことが好ましい。その際膜
面積の異なる人工肺を接続しておくと患者の状態に合せ
て適宜膜面積を減少させて最適な治療を行うことができ
る。In order to exchange oxygenators during blood extracorporeal circulation treatment, it is preferable to connect a plurality of oxygenators in parallel. At this time, if oxygenators with different membrane areas are connected, the membrane area can be reduced appropriately according to the patient's condition to provide optimal treatment.
ハウジング４に接続された液体循環回路Ｌ３と一体に設
けられた液体リザーバ６は血液リザーバ４と同様に膨張
収縮可能な可撓性材料で造られておシ、この膨張時の容
積は任意の大きさのものが用いられるが、通常血液リザ
一バ４と同一のものを用いることが好ましい。本発明に
おいては液体リザーバをポン７°装置ｌとの間に落差を
設けるようにポンプ装置よシ低位置に配置する仁とが重
要であり、かかる落差により密閉空間内に加圧充満され
た液体が液体リザーバへ供給され、密閉空間が自圧とな
って血液リザーバ内に血液が吸引されるのである。この
落差は通常９０〜１００ｍでおる。The liquid reservoir 6, which is provided integrally with the liquid circulation circuit L3 connected to the housing 4, is made of a flexible material that can expand and contract like the blood reservoir 4, and the volume when expanded can be set to any desired size. However, it is usually preferable to use the same one as the blood reservoir 4. In the present invention, it is important to place the liquid reservoir at a lower position than the pump device so as to create a head difference between the liquid reservoir and the pump device 1. Due to this head difference, the liquid that is pressurized and filled in the closed space is is supplied to the liquid reservoir, and the closed space becomes self-pressure, drawing blood into the blood reservoir. This head is usually 90 to 100 m.
液体リザーバ６の下流側に設けられた送液手段７として
はポンプを用いることができる。中でも作動停止時に加
圧状態を維持できるローラポンプやプランジャポンプな
どの容積形のポンフヲ用いることが好ましい。特に加圧
時の脈動の少い多ローラ型のローラポンプが実用的であ
る。第１図では後述する検出装置８との連動制御により
駆動制御されるローラポンプを用いている。・この加圧
手段で供給される液体は血液側に洩出しても危険のない
脱気された滅菌水、生理食塩水、ブドウ糖液な戸を使用
することが好ましい。A pump can be used as the liquid feeding means 7 provided on the downstream side of the liquid reservoir 6. Among them, it is preferable to use a positive displacement pump such as a roller pump or a plunger pump that can maintain a pressurized state when the operation is stopped. In particular, a multi-roller type roller pump with less pulsation during pressurization is practical. In FIG. 1, a roller pump whose drive is controlled by interlocking control with a detection device 8, which will be described later, is used. - It is preferable to use degassed sterile water, physiological saline, or glucose solution as the liquid supplied by this pressurizing means, which poses no danger even if it leaks to the blood side.
脱血回路Ｌ１及び液体循環回路Ｌ３を開閉するパルプＶ
ｔ、 Ｖ２． Ｖａは通常ピンチパルプが用いられる。Pulp V that opens and closes blood removal circuit L1 and liquid circulation circuit L3
t, V2. Pinch pulp is usually used as Va.
上記脱血回路を開閉なピンチパルプＶｌ、 Ｖ２の代シ
に第３図に示すように逆止弁Ｖｓ、Ｖｓを用いてもよい
０血液リザーバ４が膨張収縮したことを検出する装置８と
しては血液リザーバと比例して膨張収縮を行う液体リザ
ーバ６の膨張収縮量を２つの近接スイッチで検出する方
法、ハウジング内の密閉空間の圧力変化を検出する方法
、液体リザーバまたはポンプ装置の重量を重量計で検出
する方法あるいは血液リザーバの膨張収縮を上記各手段
で検出し、タイマにより次の作動を制御する方法などが
ある。中でも液体リザーバの膨張収縮量を靜電容せ式、
光学式などの近接スイッチで検出する方法は簡便で精度
が高いため好適である。第１図では液体リザーバの膨張
と収縮を検出する２つの近接スイッチ８ａ、８ｂを用い
た例を示している。In place of the pinch pulps Vl and V2 that open and close the blood removal circuit, check valves Vs and Vs may be used as shown in FIG. 3.As a device 8 for detecting expansion and contraction of the blood reservoir 4, A method for detecting the amount of expansion and contraction of a liquid reservoir 6 that expands and contracts in proportion to the blood reservoir using two proximity switches, A method for detecting pressure changes in a closed space within a housing, A method for measuring the weight of a liquid reservoir or a pump device using a weighing scale There is a method of detecting the expansion and contraction of the blood reservoir using the above-mentioned means, and a method of controlling the next operation using a timer. Among them, a static capacitor type that controls the expansion and contraction of the liquid reservoir.
A method of detection using a proximity switch such as an optical type is suitable because it is simple and has high accuracy. FIG. 1 shows an example using two proximity switches 8a, 8b for detecting expansion and contraction of a liquid reservoir.
上記検出装置８．ピンチパルプＶｌ、 Ｖ２． Ｖａ
’ｉ 送液手段７は電気的に制御可能なもので構成され
てｊ♂シ、これにより通液体外循環装置全体を自動的に
制御することができる。The above detection device 8. Pinch pulp Vl, V2. Va
'i The liquid feeding means 7 is constructed of an electrically controllable element, so that the entire liquid passing external circulation device can be automatically controlled.
第２図はダブルルーメンカテーテル１１を用いたソング
ルニードル式の血液体外循環装置の例でありカテーテル
１１に分岐管１２を設は該分岐管の一方と人工肺の流入
側とをポンプ装置ｌを介在さぜた脱血回路Ｌ１に接続し
、該分岐管の他方と人工肺２の流出側を送血回路Ｌ２に
接続している。この場合浄化された血液の脱血回路Ｌｌ
への逆流を防止するため送血回路Ｌ２には近接スイッチ
８と連動制御されるピンチパルプＶ４が設けられている
。このパルプＶ４は送血１椙で開放されゞ、脱血工程で
閉止されるよう構成されている。FIG. 2 shows an example of a songle needle type extracorporeal blood circulation device using a double lumen catheter 11. A branch pipe 12 is provided in the catheter 11, and a pump device l is connected between one of the branch pipes and the inflow side of the oxygenator. It is connected to the intervening blood removal circuit L1, and the other branch pipe and the outflow side of the oxygenator 2 are connected to the blood supply circuit L2. In this case, the blood removal circuit Ll for purified blood
In order to prevent backflow to the blood supply circuit L2, a pinch pulp V4 which is controlled in conjunction with the proximity switch 8 is provided in the blood supply circuit L2. This pulp V4 is configured to be opened during one blood supply and closed during the blood removal process.
第３図は第１図の脱血回路Ｌｌのポンプ装置ｌの上流側
及び下流側に設けた検出装置８と連動制御されるパルプ
Ｖｌ、Ｖ２の代りに一方向に血液を流す逆止弁ｖ５、ｖ
６を設けた例であり、この２つの逆止弁は血液ポンプ装
置を構成するハウジング５と血液リザーバ４との間に形
成された密閉空間９内を加Ｉｆ（血液リザーバが収縮）
すると逆止弁■６が開、逆止弁ｖ５が閉となって血液リ
ザーバ内の血液が人工肺２へ押し出され、また密閉空間
が自圧（血液リザーバが膨張）になると逆止弁ｖ６が閉
。FIG. 3 shows a check valve v5 that allows blood to flow in one direction instead of the pulp Vl and V2, which is controlled in conjunction with the detection device 8 provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the pump device l of the blood removal circuit Ll in FIG. ,v
6 is provided, and these two check valves prevent the inside of the sealed space 9 formed between the housing 5 and the blood reservoir 4 that constitute the blood pump device from being applied If (the blood reservoir contracts).
Then, the check valve ■6 opens, and the check valve v5 closes, and the blood in the blood reservoir is pushed out to the artificial lung 2. When the closed space reaches its own pressure (the blood reservoir expands), the check valve v6 opens. Closed.
逆止弁ｖＩ）が開となって血液リザーバへ血液が吸引さ
れるようになっている。The check valve vI) is opened to allow blood to be drawn into the blood reservoir.
第４図は送液手段７として定速ポンプを用いた例であシ
、この場合には液体循環回路Ｌ３に検出装置８七連動し
て切替制御されるパルプｖ７を介在させたバイパス回路
Ｌ４が設けられている。FIG. 4 shows an example in which a constant speed pump is used as the liquid feeding means 7. In this case, a bypass circuit L4 in which a pulp v7 which is switched and controlled in conjunction with a detection device 87 is interposed in the liquid circulation circuit L3. It is provided.
そして、このパルプＶ７は脱血時にパルプＶ３とともに
開放されるため液体は密閉空間９へ供給されることなく
バイパス回路Ｌ４を循環し、その間血液リザーバに血液
が吸引される。また送血時にはパルプｖ３とともに閉止
されるため液体リザーバ６内の液体は密閉空…」へ加圧
供給されて血液リザーバ内の血液を人工肺２へ押し出す
ようになっている。Since this pulp V7 is released together with the pulp V3 during blood removal, the liquid circulates through the bypass circuit L4 without being supplied to the closed space 9, and during this time blood is sucked into the blood reservoir. Further, during blood feeding, since it is closed together with the pulp v3, the liquid in the liquid reservoir 6 is supplied under pressure to the closed air, and the blood in the blood reservoir is pushed out to the oxygenator 2.
第５図は２つのポンプ装置１．１′を脱血回路Ｌ１に並
列に設けて血液リザーバ４，４′を交互に膨張収縮を繰
シ返させることによシ崩液を人工肺２へ連続的に送血す
る例でアシ、脱血回路Ｌ１のポンプ装置１．１′の上流
及び下流側にパルプＶ２．Ｖ、Ｌ及びパルプＶ１． Ｖ
ｌ’が設けられている。FIG. 5 shows that two pump devices 1.1' are installed in parallel with the blood removal circuit L1, and the blood reservoirs 4, 4' are repeatedly expanded and contracted alternately, so that the collapsing fluid is continuously supplied to the artificial lung 2. In an example in which blood is sent directly, pulp V2. V, L and pulp V1. V
l' is provided.
また液体循環回路Ｌ３のポンプ装置ｌの上流及び下流側
にはそれぞれパルプＶａ、Ｖａ’及びＶｓ、Ｖｓ’が設
けられている。そしてポンプ装置ｌの血液リザーバ４に
吸引された皿数を人工肺２へ送血しているときにはポン
プ装置１′の血ｗ ｌ／ザーバ４′には血液が吸引され
るようパルプＶｌ 、 Ｖ２’、 ｖ３／ 、 Ｖｓ
カｆｆＪ放り、 ／＜ルフＶｌ’、 Ｖ２． ’Ｖｓ、
Ｖｓ’ １）ｉｆ）止ＧｔＬルＬ ５制御される。一
方１皿液リザーバ４へ血液を吸引しているときには血液
リザーバ４′内の血液が人工肺へ送血されるようにパル
プＶｉ 、 Ｖ２’、Ｖａ’、 ｖ’ａが閉止Ｌｌ ハ
／ｌ／ フＶｔ’＋ ＶＬ Ｖｓ、 Ｖ８′カｉｌ放ｇ
レル。第５図の送液手段７としてはローラポンプなどの
定速ポンプが用いられる。Further, pulps Va, Va' and Vs, Vs' are provided upstream and downstream of the pump device 1 of the liquid circulation circuit L3, respectively. Then, when the number of plates sucked into the blood reservoir 4 of the pump device 1 is being sent to the oxygenator 2, pulp Vl, V2' is applied so that the blood is sucked into the blood w1/reservoir 4' of the pump device 1'. , v3/ , Vs
KaffJ throw, /<Ruff Vl', V2. 'Vs,
Vs' 1) if) Stop GtL L 5 Controlled. On the other hand, when blood is being drawn into the one-dish liquid reservoir 4, the pulps Vi, V2', Va', and v'a are closed so that the blood in the blood reservoir 4' is sent to the oxygenator. Vt'+ VL Vs, V8'
Rel. As the liquid feeding means 7 in FIG. 5, a constant speed pump such as a roller pump is used.
（作 用）次に本発明による血液体外循環装置の作動につき第１図
を参照しつつ説明する。(Function) Next, the operation of the extracorporeal blood circulation apparatus according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
送血工程の場合バルブＶ！は開放しておシ、パルプＶ２
、及びＶｓは閉止している。そして血液を捕集して膨
張した血ｆｉ １７ザーバ４は四−ラポンプ７の作動に
より液体リザーバ６内の液体が密閉空間９へ加圧供給さ
れるのに伴なって収縮するため血液リザーバ内の血液は
人工肺へ押し出される。密閉空間に液体が供給されると
血液リザーバと液体リザーバ間の血液と液体は等量ずつ
各リザーバから送出されるため各リザーバは同じ割合で
収縮する。そのため第１図では液体リザーバが予め設定
された位置まで収縮したことを検出する近接スイッチ８
ｂを液体リザーバに近接して設けている。そしてこのス
イッチが作動すると送血工程が終了し。In case of blood feeding process, valve V! Please open it, Pulp V2
, and Vs are closed. The blood fi 17 reservoir 4, which has collected blood and expanded, contracts as the fluid in the fluid reservoir 6 is pressurized and supplied to the closed space 9 by the operation of the four-ra pump 7. The blood is pumped into an artificial lung. When liquid is supplied to the closed space, equal amounts of blood and liquid between the blood and liquid reservoirs are delivered from each reservoir, so each reservoir contracts at the same rate. Therefore, in FIG. 1, the proximity switch 8 detects when the liquid reservoir has contracted to a preset position.
b is provided close to the liquid reservoir. When this switch is activated, the blood feeding process ends.
次の脱血工程に移行するように各パルプの開閉とローラ
ポンプの駆動を制御する。 □〔脱血工程〕上記近接スイッチ８ｂが作動するとこのスイッチとの連
動制御によりパルプｖｌが閉止し、パルプｖ２及び■３
が開放するとともにローラポンプ７の駆動が停止される
。上記各動作が終了すると密閉空間内に充満された加圧
液体が血液リザーバより低位置に設置した液体リザーバ
６へ急激に格子するため密閉室内が自圧となって血液リ
ザーバが膨張して血液が血液リザーバ４に吸引される。The opening and closing of each pulp and the drive of the roller pump are controlled so as to move on to the next blood removal process. □ [Blood removal process] When the proximity switch 8b is activated, the pulp vl is closed by interlocking control with this switch, and the pulp v2 and ■3
When the roller pump 7 is opened, the drive of the roller pump 7 is stopped. When each of the above operations is completed, the pressurized liquid filled in the sealed space rapidly lattice to the liquid reservoir 6 installed at a lower position than the blood reservoir, so the sealed chamber becomes self-pressure, the blood reservoir expands, and the blood flows. The blood is aspirated into the blood reservoir 4.
血ｍリザーバに吸引された血液と液体リザーバに供給さ
れた液体は等量であるため液体リザーバは血液リザーバ
と同じ割合で膨張する。液体リザーバが予め設定された
位置まで膨張したことを検出する近接スイッチ８ａを液
体リザーバに近接して設け、このスイッチが作′動する
と脱血工程が終了して、次の送血〒゛程に移行ｊる□よ
う各バーブと・−ラポンプが制御される。Since the blood drawn into the blood reservoir and the fluid supplied to the fluid reservoir are equal in volume, the fluid reservoir expands at the same rate as the blood reservoir. A proximity switch 8a is provided close to the liquid reservoir to detect when the liquid reservoir has expanded to a preset position, and when this switch is activated, the blood removal process is completed and the next blood transfer begins. Each barb and pump is controlled so that the transition occurs.
上記送血工程と脱血工程のサイクルを繰シ返し行うこと
によ多連続的゛に自動的に血液体外循環装置および患者
体内に円滑に血液を循環させるよう制御す乏ことができ
る。By repeating the cycle of the blood feeding step and the blood removal step, it is possible to continuously and automatically control the blood to circulate smoothly in the extracorporeal blood circulation device and the patient's body.
以上の説明になる電気制御方式は１自動制御によるのが
一般的であるが１手術時手動制御が好ましい場合には±
動制御できるよう、手動、自動の切替が必要なところは
その切替手段を設けることができる。The electric control method explained above is generally based on 1 automatic control, but if manual control is preferable during 1 surgery, ±
For dynamic control, switching means can be provided where switching between manual and automatic is required.
（発明の効果）本発明による血液体外循環装置は血液回路に従来のロー
ラ式わるいはフィンガ一式のポンプを全く使用せず１人
工肺に不可欠な血液リザーバを。(Effects of the Invention) The extracorporeal blood circulation device according to the present invention does not use the conventional roller type pump or finger pump in the blood circuit at all, but instead uses a blood reservoir essential for an artificial lung.
液体リザーバを介在させてハウジングに接続した液体循
環回路の密閉空間からの液体の落差と密閉空間への送液
手段全利用して膨張、収縮させることによりポンプ作用
を行わせる新規な構成により次のような優れた効果を有
している。With a new configuration that performs pumping action by expanding and contracting by fully utilizing the head of the liquid from the closed space of the liquid circulation circuit connected to the housing with a liquid reservoir interposed and the liquid delivery means to the closed space, the following can be achieved. It has such excellent effects.
ｔａ） 作成回路にローラ式あるいはフィンガ一式のポ
ンプを設けないためにポンプによる血液損傷を回避する
ことができ長期間の使用が可能である０ｆｂ） 血液リザーバへの血液の捕集は従来のように落
差による重力脱血に頼る必要がないため、血液リザーバ
の位置は例え患者より高い位置にあってもさしつかえな
く、従来のような落差を得るだめの高いベッド、術者の
踏台等の危険な装備を必要としない。上記危険な装備を
必要としないため手術が便利で、かつ安全である。ta) Because the production circuit does not include a roller-type or finger-type pump, blood damage caused by the pump can be avoided and long-term use is possible.fb) Blood is collected in the blood reservoir as before. Since there is no need to rely on gravitational blood removal due to head drop, the blood reservoir can be placed higher than the patient, and there is no need to place the blood reservoir in a dangerous position such as a high bed or a step stool for the operator to obtain a head drop. No equipment required. The surgery is convenient and safe because it does not require the dangerous equipment mentioned above.
ｔｃ） 落差による重力脱血の必要がないため作歌回路
を短くしてプライミングボリュームを大巾に減少させる
仁とができる。そのため全血量の少い新生児、小児等へ
の適用が可能である。tc) Since there is no need for gravitational blood removal due to the drop, it is possible to shorten the song circuit and greatly reduce the priming volume. Therefore, it can be applied to newborns, children, etc. who have a small amount of whole blood.
（ｄ） 人工肺への血流量は液体リザーバの作動回数に
よシ正確に把握できるため血液側回路に血流計を設ける
必要がない。血液側回路が簡略化されるため血液回路の
閉塞等の事故を防ぐことができる。(d) Since the blood flow to the artificial lung can be accurately determined by the number of times the liquid reservoir is activated, there is no need to provide a blood flow meter in the blood side circuit. Since the blood side circuit is simplified, accidents such as blood circuit blockage can be prevented.
第１図は本発明によるダブルニードル式の血液体外循環
装置の系統図であシ、第２図はシングルニードル式の血
液体外循環装置の系統図であり。第３図〜第５図は本発明の他の例を示す系統図である。Ｌｌ・・・・・・脱血回路 Ｌ２・・・・送血回路Ｌ３
・・・・・・液体循環回路 ｌ・・・・・・ポンプ装置
２・・・・・人工肺 ４・・・・・血液リザーバ５・・
・・・・ハウジング ６ ・・・・・液体リザーバ７・
・・・・・送液手段 ８・・・・・・検出装置Ｖｌ、Ｖ
２． Ｖ３．Ｖ４ ＝・−・ハＡ／プ特許出「株式会社
クラレ代理人弁理士本多 堅FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a double-needle type extracorporeal blood circulation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a single-needle type blood extracorporeal circulation apparatus. 3 to 5 are system diagrams showing other examples of the present invention. Ll...Blood removal circuit L2...Blood feeding circuit L3
...Liquid circulation circuit l...Pump device 2...Artificial lung 4...Blood reservoir 5...
...Housing 6 ...Liquid reservoir 7.
...Liquid feeding means 8...Detection device Vl, V
2. V3. V4 =...HaA/P Patent Issued by Ken Honda, Patent Attorney at Kuraray Co., Ltd.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59094995AJPS60236659A (en) | 1984-05-11 | 1984-05-11 | Blood extracorporeal circulation device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59094995AJPS60236659A (en) | 1984-05-11 | 1984-05-11 | Blood extracorporeal circulation device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60236659Atrue JPS60236659A (en) | 1985-11-25 |
| JPH0464705B2 JPH0464705B2 (en) | 1992-10-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59094995AGrantedJPS60236659A (en) | 1984-05-11 | 1984-05-11 | Blood extracorporeal circulation device |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60236659A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6176164A (en)* | 1984-09-21 | 1986-04-18 | 株式会社クラレ | Extracorporeal blood circulation device |
| JPS61268263A (en)* | 1985-05-24 | 1986-11-27 | 川澄化学工業株式会社 | Apparatus for recirculation treatment of blood outside body |
| JPS6238175A (en)* | 1985-08-13 | 1987-02-19 | 株式会社クラレ | Extracorporeal circulation lung support device |
| JPS6241666A (en)* | 1985-08-19 | 1987-02-23 | 株式会社クラレ | Extracorporeal circulation lung support device |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6176164A (en)* | 1984-09-21 | 1986-04-18 | 株式会社クラレ | Extracorporeal blood circulation device |
| JPS61268263A (en)* | 1985-05-24 | 1986-11-27 | 川澄化学工業株式会社 | Apparatus for recirculation treatment of blood outside body |
| JPS6238175A (en)* | 1985-08-13 | 1987-02-19 | 株式会社クラレ | Extracorporeal circulation lung support device |
| JPS6241666A (en)* | 1985-08-19 | 1987-02-23 | 株式会社クラレ | Extracorporeal circulation lung support device |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0464705B2 (en) | 1992-10-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |