【発明の詳細な説明】この発明は、交流発電機の出力電圧制御をチョッパを用
いた発電機の励磁電流調整で行なう励磁調整装置に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an excitation adjustment device that controls the output voltage of an alternating current generator by adjusting the excitation current of the generator using a chopper.
発電機は、負荷の投入、しや断など急激な負荷変動によ
りその出力電圧が変動する。The output voltage of a generator fluctuates due to sudden changes in load, such as when the load is turned on or off.
特に非常用発電機などインピーダンスの犬きい発電機は
負荷変動による出力電圧変動が大きく、発電機から給電
される他の負荷に悪影響を与える。従つて、発電機の出
力電圧を制御する制御装置は、急激な負荷変動にも応答
性良く発電機出力を制御できることが望まれる。また、
整流器などの負荷を持つ発電機では出力電圧波形が歪む
場合が多く、この場合にも制御装置は発電機出力電圧を
安定に制御できることが望まれる。第１図はブラシレス
交流発電機の従来の励磁装置を示す。In particular, generators with low impedance, such as emergency generators, have large output voltage fluctuations due to load fluctuations, which adversely affects other loads supplied with power from the generator. Therefore, it is desired that a control device that controls the output voltage of the generator be able to control the generator output with good responsiveness even to sudden load changes. Also,
In generators that have a load such as a rectifier, the output voltage waveform is often distorted, and it is desirable that the control device be able to stably control the generator output voltage even in this case. FIG. 1 shows a conventional excitation device for a brushless alternator.
破線ブロック１は発電機を、２は励磁装置を、３は変圧
器を示す。発電機１の固定電機子１１には次のようにし
て電圧を発生する。回転子１２に設ける交流励磁機１２
１の界磁１３を励磁すると、交流励磁機１２１に交流電
圧が発生し、その出力をダイオード１２２で整流して発
電機界磁１２３を励磁して電機子１１に交流電圧を発生
する。したがつて、発電機１の出力電圧を制御するには
交流励磁機の界磁１３の電流を制御する。この励磁電流
の制御は発電機１の出力を変圧器３を通してサイリスタ
整流器２１に導き、電圧調節器２２により発電機出力電
圧と設定器２３の設定電圧とが等しくなるようにサイリ
スタ整流器２１のサイリスタ導通角を制御することで行
う。サイリスタ導通角制御は第２図に示すように、発電
機１の出力電圧（同図ａ）の零クロス点から角度αの点
でサイリスタを点弧する（同図ｂ）。この結果、サイリ
スタ整流器２１の出力電圧はｂに示す斜線部分の波形に
なる。この場合、発電機１の出力電圧が整流器負荷等の
ためａに示すように歪むと、その零クロス点がβだけ遅
れるため、サイリスタの点弧タイミングも遅れることに
なり、制御が不安定になつたり、最悪の場合は制御不能
になる。一方、電圧調節器２２は、応答速度改善と界磁
電流を制限するための電流制限回路を持つ。Broken line block 1 indicates a generator, 2 indicates an excitation device, and 3 indicates a transformer. A voltage is generated in the fixed armature 11 of the generator 1 as follows. AC exciter 12 provided in the rotor 12
When the field 13 of 1 is excited, an alternating current voltage is generated in the alternating current exciter 121, and the output thereof is rectified by the diode 122 to excite the generator field 123 to generate an alternating voltage in the armature 11. Therefore, in order to control the output voltage of the generator 1, the current of the field 13 of the AC exciter is controlled. Control of this excitation current involves guiding the output of the generator 1 through the transformer 3 to the thyristor rectifier 21, and turning on the thyristor rectifier 21 so that the generator output voltage and the set voltage of the setting device 23 are equalized by the voltage regulator 22. This is done by controlling the angle. As shown in FIG. 2, the thyristor conduction angle control is performed by firing the thyristor at an angle α from the zero cross point of the output voltage of the generator 1 (a in the figure) (b in the figure). As a result, the output voltage of the thyristor rectifier 21 has the waveform of the shaded portion shown in b. In this case, if the output voltage of generator 1 is distorted as shown in a due to the rectifier load, etc., the zero cross point will be delayed by β, and the firing timing of the thyristor will also be delayed, making control unstable. Or, in the worst case scenario, it becomes uncontrollable. On the other hand, the voltage regulator 22 has a current limiting circuit for improving response speed and limiting field current.
界磁電流検出は検出器２４で行なう。さらに調節器２２
はオフセットをなくすために比例Ｐ）積分Ｉ調節器にし
ているが、第３図に示すように、ｔｏで急激な負荷増（
同図ｂ）があると電圧調節器が直ちに応答できず、発電
機１の出力電圧（同図ａ）は電圧降下△９が発生し、こ
の電圧降下は整定時間Ｔ後に元の電圧に回復する。サイ
リスタ整流器２１と電圧調節器２２による励磁調整でｃ
お９、Ｔが共に大きく、許容電圧変動幅の小さい電源装
置には不適格であつた。改良された従来装置は、第４図
に示すように、発電機１の出力電圧をダイオード整流器
４で一旦直流に変換し、この直流電圧をトランジスタ、
サイリスタなどで構成したチヨツパ５を介して交流励磁
機の界磁１３に加え、界磁電流の調整は制御装置６によ
るチヨツパ５の通流率制御で行なう。Field current detection is performed by a detector 24. Furthermore, the regulator 22
is a proportional P) integral I regulator to eliminate offset, but as shown in Figure 3, a sudden load increase (
If b) in the same figure occurs, the voltage regulator cannot respond immediately, and the output voltage of generator 1 (a in the same figure) will have a voltage drop of △9, and this voltage drop will recover to the original voltage after settling time T. . c by excitation adjustment using the thyristor rectifier 21 and voltage regulator 22.
(9) Both T were large, making it unsuitable for use in a power supply device with a small allowable voltage fluctuation range. The improved conventional device, as shown in FIG.
In addition to the field 13 of the AC exciter via a chopper 5 constructed of a thyristor or the like, the field current is adjusted by controlling the conduction rate of the chopper 5 by a control device 6.
チヨツパ５の制御装置６は、発電機電圧を一定にするた
めの発電機電圧調節器６１と、界磁電流を制御するため
の界磁電流調節器６２と、これら制御のための電圧検出
器６３、電流検出器６４等を備える。上述の調節器６１
，６２はオフセツトをなくし応答速度を高めるためのＰ
，調節器又はＰ，Ｉ，Ｄ（微分）調節器回路に構成する
。５０は界磁電流調節器６２の出力に応じたオン・オフ
比でチヨツパ５を，駆動する制御回路である。The control device 6 of the chopper 5 includes a generator voltage regulator 61 for keeping the generator voltage constant, a field current regulator 62 for controlling the field current, and a voltage detector 63 for controlling these. , a current detector 64, etc. The above-mentioned regulator 61
, 62 are P for eliminating offset and increasing response speed.
, regulator or P, I, D (differential) regulator circuit. A control circuit 50 drives the chopper 5 at an on/off ratio according to the output of the field current regulator 62.
こうしたチヨツパ式によれば、第１図のサイリスタ式の
場合に問題となつた発電機電圧波形の歪みによる制御の
不安定さは解消できるが、制御装置６が制御遅れを持つ
たＰ，又はＰ，Ｉ，Ｄ制御をするため、発電機電圧の変
動を元の状態に戻 闘す早さ、すなわち応答速度が調節
器の応答速度で決まり、応答性を上げるにも限界があつ
た。この発明の目的は、チヨツパ方式による励磁調整装
置において、発電機出力電圧変化に対する応答性を向上
した励磁調整装置を提供するにある。 ５第５図はこの
発明の一実施例を示し、第１図又は第４図と同じものあ
るいは同じ機能を有するものは同一符号で示す。変圧器
３の出力はダイオード整流器４で直流に変換し、この直
流電力をチヨツパ５を通して界磁１３に供給し、チヨツ
パ５の ５通流率（０Ｎ，０ＦＦ比）を制御して界磁１
３への印加電圧制御、すなわち発電機１の界磁電流を調
整する。５１は界磁電流を変流するＤＣＣＴ又はシヤン
ト、５２はチヨツパ５のオフ期間に界磁１３の電流を環
流させるためのフライホイールダ ４イオード、４１は
直流電圧平滑用のコンデンサである。According to such a chopper type, the instability of control due to distortion of the generator voltage waveform, which was a problem in the case of the thyristor type shown in FIG. , I, and D control, the speed at which generator voltage fluctuations can be returned to the original state, that is, the response speed, is determined by the response speed of the regulator, and there is a limit to how responsive it can be. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an excitation adjustment device using a chopper system that has improved responsiveness to changes in generator output voltage. 5 FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts or parts having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 or 4 are designated by the same reference numerals. The output of the transformer 3 is converted to DC by a diode rectifier 4, and this DC power is supplied to the field 13 through the chopper 5, and the current flow rate (0N, 0FF ratio) of the chopper 5 is controlled.
3, that is, adjust the field current of the generator 1. 51 is a DCCT or shunt that transforms the field current; 52 is a flywheel diode for circulating the current of the field 13 during the off period of the chopper 5; and 41 is a DC voltage smoothing capacitor.
なお、コンデンサ４１はチヨツパ５のオフ時に変圧器３
等の交流側のインダクタンス分に蓄えられている電磁エ
ネルギーを吸収し、かつダイオード整流器４のスナバ一
を兼ねている。チヨツパ５の制御装置６において、６３
は発電機の出力電圧の大きさを検出し、適当な信号レベ
ルに変換する電圧検出器、６４は変流器５１の出力を適
当な信号レベルに変換する電流検出器である。Note that the capacitor 41 is connected to the transformer 3 when the chopper 5 is turned off.
It absorbs the electromagnetic energy stored in the inductance of the AC side, and also serves as a snubber for the diode rectifier 4. In the control device 6 of the chopper 5, 63
64 is a voltage detector that detects the magnitude of the output voltage of the generator and converts it to an appropriate signal level, and 64 is a current detector that converts the output of the current transformer 51 to an appropriate signal level.
６１は設定器２３の出力と電圧検出器６３の出力とを入
力とする電圧調節器であり、出力電力が常に設定値にな
るようチヨツパ５の通流率を制御するための出力を得る
。A voltage regulator 61 receives the output of the setting device 23 and the output of the voltage detector 63 as inputs, and obtains an output for controlling the conduction rate of the chopper 5 so that the output power always becomes the set value.
なお、電圧調節器６１はオフセツトを小さくするために
Ｐ，ｌ調節器とする方が好ましい。６５は電圧調節器６
１の出力と電流検出器６４の出力とを比較する電流比較
器であり、その出力がチヨツパ５のオン、オフ信号とな
る。Note that it is preferable that the voltage regulator 61 be a P, l regulator in order to reduce the offset. 65 is voltage regulator 6
This is a current comparator that compares the output of the current detector 64 with the output of the current detector 64, and its output becomes an on/off signal for the chopper 5.
６６は電流比較器６５の信号に応じてチヨツパ５をオン
、オフ１駆動する１駆動回路である。Reference numeral 66 denotes a 1 drive circuit that drives the chopper 5 to turn on and off in accordance with the signal from the current comparator 65.
こうした構成により、発電機の出力は一旦直流に変換し
、チヨツパにより界磁制御するため、発電機電圧の歪み
による影響は殆んど受けず、安定した制御ができる。そ
して、電圧調節器６１の出力と電流検出器６４の出力と
を比較してチヨツパのオン、オフ制御をするため、電圧
調節器の出力と界磁電流との間に偏差があれば遅れなし
にチヨツパを制御でき、負荷急変による発電機電圧の変
動幅△９、整定時間Ｔを大幅に改善できる。第６図は負
荷急変時の各部波形を示す。ＴＯで負荷増があると、発
電機１１の出力電圧Ｖｌｌは急激に下り、電流１１，は
急激に上昇する。このとき、電圧調節器６１の出力Ｖ６
ｌは発電機１１の出力Ｖｌｌを元の状態に戻すべく増大
する。比較器６５はＴＯでは界磁電流が負荷急変前の状
態にあるため、電圧調節器６１の出力増大でチヨツパ５
をオンさせる（６５）。このオン期間はチヨツパ５の出
力電流が電圧調節器６１の出力６１を越えるまで継続す
る。従つて、負荷急変時には電圧調節器６１が負荷急変
を検出したときから遅れなくチヨツパの通流率を変える
制御ができる。なお、実施例ではブラシレス交流発電機
における交流励磁機の界磁制御をする場合を示したが、
これは発電機の界磁を直接に制御することにもできる。With this configuration, the output of the generator is first converted to direct current and then field controlled by the chopper, so it is hardly affected by distortion of the generator voltage and stable control can be achieved. Since the output of the voltage regulator 61 and the output of the current detector 64 are compared to control the chopper on and off, if there is a deviation between the output of the voltage regulator and the field current, there is no delay. The chopper can be controlled, and the fluctuation width △9 of the generator voltage due to sudden changes in load and the settling time T can be significantly improved. Figure 6 shows the waveforms of various parts when the load suddenly changes. When there is an increase in the load at TO, the output voltage Vll of the generator 11 drops rapidly, and the current 11 suddenly rises. At this time, the output V6 of the voltage regulator 61
l increases in order to return the output Vll of the generator 11 to its original state. Since the comparator 65 is in the state before the sudden load change in the field current in the TO, the chopper 5 increases due to the increase in the output of the voltage regulator 61.
is turned on (65). This on period continues until the output current of the chopper 5 exceeds the output 61 of the voltage regulator 61. Therefore, when the load suddenly changes, the current flow rate of the chopper can be controlled to be changed without delay from the time when the voltage regulator 61 detects the sudden load change. In addition, although the example shows the case of controlling the field of an AC exciter in a brushless alternator,
This can also be used to directly control the generator field.
以上明らかにしたとおり、この発明によれば、発電機電
圧の波形歪みにより制御性が影響されることなく、しか
も応答性を向上できる効果がある。As explained above, according to the present invention, the controllability is not affected by the waveform distortion of the generator voltage, and the responsiveness can be improved.
第１図は従来の励磁調整装置を示すプロツク図、第２図
、第３図は第１図の制御動作を説明するための波形図、
第４図は従来のチヨツパ方式による励磁調整装置を示す
プロツク図、．第５図はこの発明の一実施例を示すプロ
ツク図、第６図は第５図の動作を説明するための各部波
形図である。１：ブラシレス交流発電機、３：変圧器、４：ダイオー
ド整流器、５：チヨツパ、６：制御装置、６１：電圧調
節器、６３：電圧検出器、６４：電流検出器、６５：比
較器、６′６：１駆動回路。Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional excitation adjustment device, Figs. 2 and 3 are waveform diagrams for explaining the control operation of Fig. 1,
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a conventional chopper type excitation adjustment device. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of each part for explaining the operation of FIG. 5. 1: Brushless alternator, 3: Transformer, 4: Diode rectifier, 5: Chopper, 6: Control device, 61: Voltage regulator, 63: Voltage detector, 64: Current detector, 65: Comparator, 6 '6:1 drive circuit.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53100459AJPS5928159B2 (en) | 1978-08-19 | 1978-08-19 | Excitation adjustment device |
| DE19792933462DE2933462A1 (en) | 1978-08-19 | 1979-08-17 | Voltage regulator for AC generator - feeds rectified DC to generator field via chopper circuit, controlled by voltage and field current feedback from generator terminals |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53100459AJPS5928159B2 (en) | 1978-08-19 | 1978-08-19 | Excitation adjustment device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5529222A JPS5529222A (en) | 1980-03-01 |
| JPS5928159B2true JPS5928159B2 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53100459AExpiredJPS5928159B2 (en) | 1978-08-19 | 1978-08-19 | Excitation adjustment device |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5928159B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2933462A1 (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6260399U (en)* | 1985-10-03 | 1987-04-14 |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5822898U (en)* | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-12 | 富士電機株式会社 | Excitation adjustment device for alternator |
| JPS5963700U (en)* | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Vehicle alternator |
| JPH0619359Y2 (en)* | 1984-05-09 | 1994-05-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | AC generator control device |
| US4559487A (en)* | 1984-09-07 | 1985-12-17 | Sundstrand Corporation | Voltage regulator with independent peak and average voltage sensing |
| JP2586449B2 (en)* | 1986-03-03 | 1997-02-26 | 株式会社明電舍 | Excitation control device for AC generator |
| JPH0640760B2 (en)* | 1986-12-08 | 1994-05-25 | 富士電機株式会社 | Excitation adjustment device for AC generator |
| JP2506643Y2 (en)* | 1988-10-14 | 1996-08-14 | 神鋼電機株式会社 | Exciter for transistor type AC generator |
| JPH02184300A (en)* | 1989-01-09 | 1990-07-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vehicle alternator control device |
| JP2651030B2 (en)* | 1990-01-17 | 1997-09-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Generator control device and control method, and vehicular generator control device and control method using the same |
| FR2667998B1 (en)* | 1990-10-15 | 1992-12-04 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING AN ALTERNATOR. |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6260399U (en)* | 1985-10-03 | 1987-04-14 |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2933462A1 (en) | 1980-02-28 |
| JPS5529222A (en) | 1980-03-01 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
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