【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、上水、ＬＰガス、
都市ガス、原油、化学物質（化学プラント）などの配管
システムにおける漏洩検知方法に係り、特に水道網の漏
水箇所の検知に有効な周波数帯域分割による配管漏洩検
知方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to clean water, LP gas,
The present invention relates to a leak detection method in a piping system of city gas, crude oil, a chemical substance (chemical plant), and the like, and more particularly to a pipe leak detection method by frequency band division effective for detecting a leak point in a water network.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】上水、ＬＰガス、都市ガス、原油、化学
物質（化学プラント）などの流体配管網における漏洩を
防止することは資源の有効活用をなす上で極めて重要で
ある。このため、従来から配管網に対して各種の漏洩検
査が行われている。例えば、上水道網に対する漏水検査
についての従来の一般的な方法は音聴法といわれ、作業
者が音聴棒を水道配管のバルブ部分に直接当てて配管か
ら出る音を聴取して漏水の有無を検出し、あるいは水道
配管に沿って地面に振動センサを置き、水道配管から伝
達される振動音に基づいて漏水の有無を検出している。2. Description of the Related Art It is extremely important to prevent leakage of water, LP gas, city gas, crude oil, chemical substances (chemical plants) and the like in a fluid piping network in order to effectively utilize resources. For this reason, various leak inspections have been conventionally performed on piping networks. For example, the conventional general method of water leakage inspection for a water supply network is called a sound hearing method. Detecting or placing a vibration sensor on the ground along the water pipe to detect the presence or absence of water leakage based on the vibration sound transmitted from the water pipe.
【０００３】ところが、上記のような音聴法では、車両
の通行等による振動などが測定に影響を与えるために夜
間作業とせざるを得ず、しかも作業者が歩行移動により
測定するために検査距離は極めて短なってしまう欠点が
あった。また、音の聴取には熟練を要するため、漏水検
知に従事する作業者が少ないという問題もあった。However, in the above-described sound hearing method, vibrations and the like caused by the traffic of a vehicle affect the measurement, and the work must be performed at night. Had the disadvantage of being extremely short. In addition, since listening to sound requires skill, there is also a problem that few workers are engaged in water leak detection.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような観点から、
配管内部にマイクを挿入して配管に沿って移動させなが
ら検出する方法（特開昭５０−１１８５５４号公報、特
開昭５６−１６０５００号公報）や、配管流量をオリフ
ィスで絞り込みながら差圧を検出し、漏水量を検出する
方法などが提案されている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION From such a viewpoint,
A method in which a microphone is inserted into a pipe and detected while moving along the pipe (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 50-118554 and 56-160500), and a differential pressure is detected while a pipe flow rate is reduced by an orifice. However, methods for detecting the amount of water leakage have been proposed.
【０００５】しかし、上記従来のいずれの方法でも、実
際の測定に際して、配水管の水の抜き取りや、流水遮断
などの操作が必要であり、定常の流通状態を維持しなが
ら正確に漏洩箇所を検出することはできないものであっ
た。However, in any of the above-mentioned conventional methods, it is necessary to perform an operation such as draining water from a water distribution pipe or shutting off flowing water at the time of actual measurement, and to accurately detect a leakage point while maintaining a steady flow state. I couldn't do that.
【０００６】本発明は、上記従来の問題点に着目し、通
流状態にある流体配管の漏洩検知をなす方法であって、
流体配管の検査区間の両端部でマイクにより通流音を検
出する操作のみで漏水箇所を簡単に検出できるようにし
た漏洩検知方法を提供することを目的とする。The present invention is directed to a method for detecting leakage of a fluid pipe in a flowing state, focusing on the above-mentioned conventional problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a leak detection method that can easily detect a leak point only by an operation of detecting a flowing sound by a microphone at both ends of an inspection section of a fluid pipe.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明に係る周波数帯域分割による配管漏洩検知方
法は、通流状態にある流体配管の漏洩検知をなす方法で
あって、検査区間の両端にて流体音をマイクを通じて検
出し、各マイクにより取り込まれた検知信号をバンドパ
スフィルタを通過させて複数の周波数帯域に分割し、相
互相関係数を算出する処理を前記フィルタ数だけ繰り返
し、各周波数帯域の相互相関係数平均を求めて配管漏洩
箇所の特定をなすようにした。In order to achieve the above object, a method for detecting leakage of a pipe by frequency band division according to the present invention is a method for detecting leakage of a fluid pipe in a flow-through state, comprising: Detects fluid sound through microphones at both ends of the filter, passes a detection signal captured by each microphone through a band-pass filter, divides the detection signal into a plurality of frequency bands, and repeats a process of calculating a cross-correlation coefficient by the number of filters. Then, the average of the cross-correlation coefficients of each frequency band is obtained to specify the leak location of the pipe.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に、本発明に係る周波数帯域
分割による配管漏洩検知方法の具体的実施の形態を図面
を参照して詳細に説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of a pipe leak detecting method based on frequency band division according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
【０００９】図１は本発明に係る周波数帯域分割による
配管漏洩検知方法を上水道配管網の漏水検査に適用する
ための装置構成ブロック図である。図示のように、検査
対象の配水管１０に対し、漏水検査区間を設定し、その
両端部分に水中マイク１２（１２Ａ、１２Ｂ）を設置す
るようにしている。水中マイク１２は、配水管１０に適
宜間隔をおいて設けたＴ字管に装着され、当該マイク１
２で検出した音を増幅する増幅器、並びにこの増幅信号
を通信回線機器などを用いて制御管理センターに送出す
るようにしている。したがって、前記水中マイク１２に
より、配水管１０内の水を伝播する音が検出され、これ
が管理センター内のコントローラに収集され、記憶保持
される。前記水中マイク１２を含む一対のセンサ間の区
間が検知区間とされ、マイク１２の移動により検知区間
を更新して移動するようになっている。コントローラは
後述するように音速を演算するとともに、漏水箇所の演
算処理をなすが、制御管理センターでは同時に監視区域
の上水道配管網や漏水検知区間の表示、漏水量の演算結
果などを検知システム表示装置を用いて表示し、あるい
はビデオプロジェクターに表示するようにしている。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for applying the method for detecting a pipe leak by frequency band division according to the present invention to a leak test of a water supply pipe network. As shown in the drawing, a water leakage inspection section is set for a water distribution pipe 10 to be inspected, and underwater microphones 12 (12A, 12B) are installed at both ends. The underwater microphone 12 is attached to a T-tube provided at an appropriate interval in the water distribution pipe 10 and
An amplifier for amplifying the sound detected in step 2, and the amplified signal is sent to a control management center using a communication line device or the like. Therefore, the sound propagating through the water in the water distribution pipe 10 is detected by the underwater microphone 12 and collected by the controller in the management center and stored and stored. The section between the pair of sensors including the underwater microphone 12 is a detection section, and the detection section is updated and moved by the movement of the microphone 12. The controller calculates the sound velocity and calculates the leak location as described later, but the control management center simultaneously displays the water supply piping network of the monitoring area, the leak detection section, and the calculation result of the leak amount. Or a video projector.
【００１０】コントローラでの作業は次のような処理を
行うようにしている。前記各マイク１２Ａ、１２Ｂによ
り水中音の検出信号をＡ／Ｄ変換器１４（１４Ａ、１４
Ｂ）に供給してデジタル信号への変換を行う。上記Ａ／
Ｄ変換器１４の出力端には、検出信号を複数の異なる周
波数帯域に弁別するために濾波帯域を複数に分割するフ
ィルタバンク１６（１６Ａ、１６Ｂ）が接続され、分割
された帯域毎に検出信号を通過させ、両フィルタバンク
１６Ａ、１６Ｂを通過した帯域の信号をそれぞれ相互相
関係数演算部１８に入力させて信号の類似度を演算する
ようにしている。The operation of the controller performs the following processing. The detection signals of the underwater sound are output from the microphones 12A and 12B to the A / D converters 14 (14A and 14A).
B) to convert it into a digital signal. A /
A filter bank 16 (16A, 16B) that divides a filtering band into a plurality of parts in order to discriminate the detection signal into a plurality of different frequency bands is connected to an output terminal of the D converter 14, and the detection signal is divided for each divided band. , And the signals in the bands that have passed through both filter banks 16A and 16B are input to the cross-correlation coefficient calculator 18 to calculate the signal similarity.
【００１１】上記フィルタバンク１６は検知範囲周波数
（例えば３００Hz〜１３００Hz）を１００Hz単位となる
ように１０分割し、３００〜４００Hz、４００〜５００
Hz、……、１２００〜１３００Hzの各帯域範囲を通過さ
せる複数のバンドパスフィルタ群から構成されている。
上記相互相関係数演算部１８では、帯域分割された検出
信号毎に次式に基づいて相互相関係数ｒxy(m)を演算す
るようにしている。The filter bank 16 divides the detection range frequency (for example, 300 Hz to 1300 Hz) into 10 units of 100 Hz, and 300 to 400 Hz, 400 to 500
Hz,..., And a plurality of band-pass filter groups that pass the respective band ranges of 1200 to 1300 Hz.
The cross-correlation coefficient calculator 18 calculates the cross-correlation coefficient rxy (m) for each band-divided detection signal based on the following equation.
【数１】(Equation 1)
【００１２】ここで、図１に示しているように、ある漏
水検査区間内において、その区間の両端に位置する一対
の水中マイク１２により水中伝達音を検出する。一方の
水中マイク１２Ａの設置点を基準点Ａ、他方の水中マイ
ク１２Ｂの設置点を対照点Ｂ、漏水点をＰとすると、基
準点Ａにて検出した漏水点Ｐにおける漏水音と、対照点
Ｂにて検出した漏水点Ｐにおける漏水音は同一か極めて
類似した波形を有しているが、ＰからＡまたはＢまでの
距離が異なるため、伝播時間差が生じる。この伝播時間
差を知ることによって、基準点Ａから漏水点Ｐまでの距
離ｌaは、次式により求めることができる。Here, as shown in FIG. 1, in a certain water leakage inspection section, underwater transmission sounds are detected by a pair of underwater microphones 12 located at both ends of the section. Assuming that the installation point of one underwater microphone 12A is a reference point A, the installation point of the other underwater microphone 12B is a control point B, and the water leak point is P, the water leak sound at the water leak point P detected at the reference point A and the control point The water leak sound at the water leak point P detected at B has the same or very similar waveform, but a difference in propagation time occurs because the distance from P to A or B is different. By knowing this propagation time difference, the distance la from the reference point A to the water leak point P can be obtained by the following equation.
【数２】(Equation 2)
【００１３】但し、ＬはＡ点とＢ点間の距離であり、τ
mは漏水音伝播時間差、Ｃは漏水音伝播速度である。し
たがって、漏水音伝播時間差が判明すれば漏水点Ｐの位
置を特定することができる。Where L is the distance between points A and B, and τ
m is the water leak sound propagation time difference, and C is the water leak sound propagation speed. Therefore, if the difference in the water leak sound propagation time is known, the position of the water leak point P can be specified.
【００１４】水中マイク１２（１２Ａ、１２Ｂ）は複数
の音源からの信号を同時に検出し、検出音は多周波数域
にわたる合成された音として捉えられる。漏水音を含む
検出音は両端の水中マイク１２Ａ、１２Ｂに距離に応じ
た分だけ時間差をもって到達する。The underwater microphones 12 (12A, 12B) simultaneously detect signals from a plurality of sound sources, and the detected sound is captured as a synthesized sound over multiple frequency ranges. The detection sound including the water leak sound reaches the underwater microphones 12A and 12B at both ends with a time difference corresponding to the distance.
【００１５】そこでマイク１２で検出した音を前述した
フィルタバンク１６にて、分割された帯域毎に、一方の
マイク１２Ａで検出された配水管内音の波形を原波形と
し、他方のマイク１２Ｂで検出された配水管内音の波形
をろ波波形として、両者の相互相関係数を演算すること
により、図２に示すような各帯域周波数毎の相関係数結
果が得られる。次に、全帯域にわたり相関係数を加算
し、帯域の数で除算することにより平均相関係数を算出
し、これをグラフ化するようにしている。Therefore, the sound detected by the microphone 12 is filtered by the above-described filter bank 16 and the waveform of the sound in the water pipe detected by one microphone 12A is used as an original waveform for each divided band, and detected by the other microphone 12B. By calculating the cross-correlation coefficient of the waveform of the water distribution pipe sound as a filtered waveform, a correlation coefficient result for each band frequency as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained. Next, an average correlation coefficient is calculated by adding the correlation coefficient over the entire band and dividing by the number of bands, and this is graphed.
【００１６】したがって、前記相互相関係数演算部１８
の出力側には各周波数帯域の相互相関係数平均処理部２
０が設けられ、ここで分割した帯域毎に加算平均処理す
ることにより図３に示されるようなグラフが得られる。
このグラフから理解できるように、信号のピーク値まで
の時間がτmとなり、このτmが遅延時間となる。これを
を既知のマイク間距離Ｌとともに、次式に代入すること
により、簡便に音速を算出することができる。Therefore, the cross-correlation coefficient calculator 18
On the output side is a cross-correlation coefficient averaging unit 2 for each frequency band.
0 is provided. Here, a graph as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained by performing an averaging process for each of the divided bands.
As can be understood from this graph, the time until the peak value of the signal is τm, and this τm is the delay time. By substituting this into the following equation together with the known distance L between microphones, the sound velocity can be easily calculated.
【数３】但し、Ｌは対をなしているセンサ１２間の距離である。(Equation 3) Here, L is the distance between the paired sensors 12.
【００１７】以後は２式に基づいて演算を行うことによ
り、基準点Ａから漏水点Ｐまでの距離ｌaを求めること
ができ、漏洩箇所を特定することができるのである。Thereafter, the distance la from the reference point A to the water leak point P can be obtained by performing calculations based on the two equations, and the leak location can be specified.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明に係る周波
数帯域分割による配管漏洩検知方法は、通流状態にある
流体配管の漏洩検知をなす方法であって、検査区間の両
端にてマイクを通じて配管通流音を検出し、各マイクに
より取り込まれた検知信号をバンドパスフィルタを通過
させて複数の周波数帯域に分割し、相互相関係数を算出
する処理を前記フィルタ数だけ繰り返し、各周波数帯域
の相互相関係数平均を求めて配管漏洩箇所の特定をなす
ようにしたので、流体配管の検査区間の両端部で水中マ
イクにより音を検出する操作のみで漏洩箇所を簡単に検
出できるという優れた効果が得られる。As described above, the pipe leak detection method based on frequency band division according to the present invention is a method for detecting leak of a fluid pipe in a flowing state, and the microphone is provided at both ends of a test section through microphones. Detecting a pipe flowing sound, passing a detection signal captured by each microphone through a band-pass filter, dividing the signal into a plurality of frequency bands, and repeating a process of calculating a cross-correlation coefficient by the number of filters, each frequency band The cross-correlation coefficient is calculated to determine the leak location of the pipe, so that the leak location can be easily detected only by detecting the sound with the underwater microphones at both ends of the inspection section of the fluid pipe. The effect is obtained.
【図１】実施形態に係る周波数帯域分割による配管漏洩
検知方法を実現するための構成ブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram for realizing a pipe leak detection method based on frequency band division according to an embodiment.
【図２】帯域分割した各帯域毎の検出信号の相互相関係
数を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing a cross-correlation coefficient of a detection signal for each band obtained by band division.
【図３】相互相関係数の閾値以上の値を加算したグラフ
である。FIG. 3 is a graph obtained by adding values equal to or greater than a threshold value of a cross-correlation coefficient.
１０ 配水管 １２（１２Ａ、１２Ｂ） 水中マイク １４（１４Ａ、１４Ｂ） Ａ／Ｄ変換器 １６（１６Ａ、１６Ｂ） フィルタバンク １８ 相互相関係数演算部 ２０ 相互相関係数平均処理部 Reference Signs List 10 water distribution pipe 12 (12A, 12B) underwater microphone 14 (14A, 14B) A / D converter 16 (16A, 16B) filter bank 18 cross-correlation coefficient calculation unit 20 cross-correlation coefficient average processing unit
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1824598AJPH11201859A (en) | 1998-01-13 | 1998-01-13 | Piping leak detection method by frequency band division |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1824598AJPH11201859A (en) | 1998-01-13 | 1998-01-13 | Piping leak detection method by frequency band division |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11201859Atrue JPH11201859A (en) | 1999-07-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1824598AWithdrawnJPH11201859A (en) | 1998-01-13 | 1998-01-13 | Piping leak detection method by frequency band division |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11201859A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination | Free format text:JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date:20050405 |